Книги: "Complementarity Framework"

1

The philosophy of Niels Bohr: The framework of complementarity. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1985.

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2

Athey, Susan. An empirical framework for testing theories about complementarity in organizational design. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.

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3

(Kenya), Independent Medico-Legal Unit, ed. Proposed legislative framework for the prevention of torture in Kenya. Nairobi: Kenya Section, International Commission of Jurists and Independent Medico Legal Unit., 2011.

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4

Commission on California State Government Organization and Economy. Regulation of acupuncture: A complementary therapy framework. Sacramento, CA: Little Hoover Commission, 2004.

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5

Stone, Julie. An ethical framework for complementary and alternative therapists. London: Routledge, 2002.

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6

An ethical framework for complementary and alternative therapists. New York: Routledge, 2002.

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7

Junceda, Javier. Comentarios a la ley 1/2005, de 9 de marzo, de comercio de derechos de emisión de gases de efecto invernadero, y a la normativa complementaria de aplicación del Protocolo de Kioto. Cizur Menor (Navarra): Thomson Civitas, 2005.

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8

Burkhard, Remo. Knowledge visualization: The use of complementary visual representations for the transfer of knowledge : a model, a framework, and four new approaches. S.l: s.n., 2005.

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9

The Philosophy of Niels Bohr: The Framework of Complementarity (North-Holland Personal Library). North Holland, 1988.

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10

Olympia, Bekou. Part VI Impact, ‘Legacy’, and Lessons Learned, 48 The ICC and Capacity Building at the National Level. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198705161.003.0048.

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This Chapter examines the importance of capacity building in administering justice for core international crimes. It discusses both the ICC framework, including its limited resources, and the obstacles national jurisdictions need to overcome in order to meet the complementarity threshold in the ICC context. It further explores the notion of positive complementarity as the basis for capacity building, with a view to revisiting the position of national legal orders in the Rome Statute system of justice. It argues that national jurisdictions should not attempt to replicate ‘mini-ICCs’ on the ground, but create national justice institutions that serve the needs of the societies they represent, whilst complying with requisite international standards.

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11

Kanu, Ikechukwu Anthony. Igwebuike : : An African Complementary Philosophical Framework. AuthorHouse, 2022.

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12

Kanu, Ikechukwu Anthony. Igwebuike : : An African Complementary Philosophical Framework. AuthorHouse, 2022.

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13

Stone, Julie. Ethical Framework for Complementary and Alternative Therapists. Taylor & Francis Group, 2005.

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14

Stone, Julie. Ethical Framework for Complementary and Alternative Therapists. Taylor & Francis Group, 2005.

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15

Stone, Julie. Ethical Framework for Complementary and Alternative Therapists. Taylor & Francis Group, 2005.

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16

Stone, Julia. Ethical Framework for Complementary and Alternative Therapists. Taylor & Francis Group, 2002.

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17

Stone, Julie. Ethical Framework for Complementary and Alternative Therapists. Taylor & Francis Group, 2005.

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18

Stone, Julie. Ethical Framework for Complementary and Alternative Therapists. Taylor & Francis Group, 2005.

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19

Holbert, R. Lance. Uses and Gratifications. Edited by Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.53.

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This chapter summarizes uses and gratifications, a media research framework that asks why people consume certain media forms. The author explains the general framework of this approach to media, outlines the explanatory principles undergirding work of this kind, and identifies what is needed to move this research agenda toward more formal theory development. The issue of how best to measure gratifications sought, gratifications obtained, and media use is discussed. The chapter identifies three areas for potential developments (i.e., dynamic modeling, complementarity, expansion of communication inputs) within the uses and gratifications framework that may benefit political communication scholars. This issue of what media should be defined as “political” is also addressed, with an argument made for the inclusion of entertainment outlets.

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20

Stone, Julie. An Ethical Framework for Complementary and Alternative Therapists. Routledge, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203993989.

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21

Durch, William, Joris Larik, and Richard Ponzio. The Intersection of Security and Justice in Global Governance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805373.003.0002.

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Security and justice are both essential elements in humanity’s quest not only to survive but to thrive with dignity; neither is sustainable alone. Security is merely the appearance of order in a framework of structural violence unless tempered or leavened by concepts of justice that include human rights, human dignity, and other normative limits on the use of power. The pursuit of justice, whether at the personal, community, national, or international level can be crippled if not matched, in turn, by means to sustain security at each level. This complementarity of security and justice—despite their inherent tensions—is the core conceptual framework of the book. Achieving “just security,” we argue, is essential to the success of any global governance enterprise or architecture.

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22

(Editor), Alan Cooklin, ed. Family Therapy: Complementary Frameworks of Theory and Practice. 2nd ed. Academic Press, 1987.

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23

Conor, McCarthy. Part V Fairness and Expeditiousness of ICC Proceedings, 46 The Rome Statute’s Regime of Victim Redress: Challenges and Prospects. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198705161.003.0046.

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This Chapter examines the ICC framework of victim redress. It explores the character of the Statute’s reparations regime, asking how the regime is properly characterized in legal terms. It identifies a number of key issues which arise in respect of the relationship between the Statute’s regime of victim redress as a whole and national legal systems, in particular, the question of complementarity and victim redress. It argues that reparations are not simply a specific form of humanitarian relief or charitable assistance. It claims that the ICC needs to strike a proper balance between the principled need for fairness and consistency in the treatment of victims, and the need for efficiency and expeditious delivery of redress. Proper procedures, including verification and monitoring arrangements, are necessary to ensure that the overall role of reparations arrangements is respected.

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24

Philipp, Ambach. Part VI Impact, ‘Legacy’, and Lessons Learned, 50 A Look towards the Future—The ICC and ‘Lessons Learnt’. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198705161.003.0050.

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This Chapter focuses on some of the Court’s major future challenges, and initiatives to improve the efficient management of criminal proceedings. It discusses challenges and strategies in relation to five main issues: (i) global membership; (ii) cooperation; (iii) complementarity; (iv) judicial integrity; and (v) efficiency of proceedings, before addressing specific features of the Lessons Learnt initiative, which was established in 2011 to assess the functioning of the ICC’s procedural framework and look into possible improvements. The Chapter analyses the practice of the ASP, including amendments of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence regarding the accused’s presence at trial. It argues that the ICC has come a long way in the past decade. It concludes with some practical suggestions to improve the relationship to non-States Parties, enhance cooperation and technical assistance, and strengthen the efficiency of the ICC.

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25

et, Mokal. Complementary Tools and Incentives. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799931.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses the complementary tools and incentives that can be adopted by jurisdictions to ensure the proper and effective use of the Modular Approach and to give due regard to the position and role of the various types of stakeholders involved in a MSME insolvency process. It specifically focuses on the roles and obligations of the MSME entrepreneur, both at times approaching insolvency and during the MSME insolvency process. Entrepreneurs do not always possess the education and skills to monitor the financial situation of their business and to react accordingly. With regard to the MSME framework, they would usually not be capable of designing a proper continuation plan. They might not even be aware that there is a chance to turn their business around by using mechanisms under insolvency law. In all these areas, education is a useful remedy. Jurisdictions should establish a method for providing affordable educational counselling and legal advice.

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26

Jalloh, Charles Chernor, and Ilias Bantekas. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810568.003.0016.

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Africa has been at the forefront of contemporary global efforts towards ensuring greater accountability for international crimes. This work analyses the relationship and tensions between the International Criminal Court (ICC) and Africa. It traces the origins of the confrontation between African governments, acting individually or within the framework of the African Union, and the permanent Hague-based ICC. Topics examined include Africa, the ICC, and universal jurisdiction; the controversial use of the Prosecutor’s proprio motu power to initiate investigations in Africa; national implementation of the ICC statute in Africa; the complementarity principle; the sequencing of justice and peace; the question of immunity of sitting heads of state; the controversial role of the UN Security Council in referring and deferring situations under ICC investigation; the role of African domestic and traditional courts in the fight against impunity; and the recent withdrawal of some African states parties from the ICC.

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27

Zahariadis, Nikolaos. Frameworks of the European Union's Policy Process: Competition and Complementarity Across the Theoretical Divide. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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28

Frameworks of the European Union's Policy Process: Competition and Complementarity Across the Theoretical Divide. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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29

Zahariadis, Nikolaos. Frameworks of the European Union's Policy Process: Competition and Complementarity Across the Theoretical Divide. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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30

Zahariadis, Nikolaos. Frameworks of the European Union's Policy Process: Competition and Complementarity Across the Theoretical Divide. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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31

Frameworks of the European Union's Policy Process: Competition and Complementarity Across the Theoretical Divide. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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32

Zahariadis, Nikolaos. Frameworks of the European Union's Policy Process: Competition and Complementarity Across the Theoretical Divide. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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33

Sizemore, Michelle. Future Passing. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190627539.003.0007.

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The conclusion proposes an alternative to historicism informed by the growing body of work in nineteenth-century American time studies. New approaches need to explore temporalities and temporal frameworks different from the standard linear chronology employed in historicist criticism. Drawing on Catharine Sedgwick’s The Linwoods, the conclusion advances one such temporal framework (future-passing) and a complementary mode of reading (anticipatory reading) as directions for historicist revisionism. Both future-passing and anticipatory reading emerge from the genre of historical romance, offering possibilities for genre study, and more ambitiously, for literary history.

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34

Leis, Anne, Stephen Sagar, Marja Verhoef, Lynda Balneaves, Dugald Seely, and Doreen Oneschuk. Shifting the paradigm: from complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to integrative oncology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550173.003.0013.

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Chapter 13 aims to explore the rationale for increased CAM utilization by cancer patients and survivors from a historical and ontological perspective, and to document the paradigm shift towards integrative oncology as a pivotal part of a cancer control framework.

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35

Nadkarni, Abhijit, Mary J. De Silva, and Vikram Patel. Developing mental health interventions. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199680467.003.0003.

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Most mental health interventions are complex as they are made up of a number of interconnected components, acting both independently and interdependently. This inherent complexity makes the development and evaluation of such interventions a complex process. Following a structured approach to the development and evaluation of complex interventions helps ensure that the process is systematic, rigorous, and replicable. In this chapter we demonstrate how systematically conducted formative research, consistent with the MRC framework, will ensure that due consideration is given to the sociocultural and health systems context. We use the case study of an ongoing complex intervention development and evaluation program in India (PREMIUM) to illustrate the application of the development and feasibility/piloting phases of the MRC framework. We describe two complementary frameworks, the Normalization Process Theory and the Theory of Change that can be used to strengthen the MRC framework for the development of mental health interventions.

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36

Jalloh, Charles Chernor, and Ilias Bantekas, eds. The International Criminal Court and Africa. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810568.001.0001.

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Africa has been at the forefront of contemporary global efforts towards ensuring greater accountability for international crimes. But the continent’s early embrace of international criminal justice seems to be taking a new turn with the recent pushback from some African states claiming that the emerging system of international criminal law represents a new form of imperialism masquerading as international rule of law. This work analyses the relationship and tensions between the International Criminal Court (ICC) and Africa. It traces the origins of the confrontation between African governments, acting individually or within the framework of the African Union, and the permanent Hague-based ICC. Topics examined include Africa, the ICC, and universal jurisdiction; the controversial use of the prosecutor’s proprio motu power to initiate investigations in Africa; national implementation of the ICC statute in Africa; the complementarity principle; the sequencing of justice and peace; the question of immunity of sitting heads of state; the controversial role of the UN Security Council in referring and deferring situations under ICC investigation; the role of African domestic and traditional courts in the fight against impunity as well as the recent withdrawal of some African states parties from the ICC. Leading commentators offer valuable insights on the core legal and political issues that have bedevilled the relationship between the two sides and expose the uneasy interaction between international law and international politics.

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37

O'Sullivan, Bob, and Charlotte Streck. A Jigsaw Waiting to be Assembled? Edited by Kevin R. Gray, Richard Tarasofsky, and Cinnamon Carlarne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199684601.003.0025.

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This chapter describes the current treatment of the land-use sector under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol. It discusses how various financial incentive and accounting frameworks can complement each other under a future climate treaty. Despite recognizing the importance of forestry and agriculture, the climate change regime has failed to formulate incentives to encourage mitigation in the land-use sector while maintaining the ecological and social functions of landscapes. Unfortunately, the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol only formulate a fragmented set of rules, incentives, and obligations. The Protocol considers forest emissions in developed countries, but fails to create incentives for the sector’s highest emissions reduction and carbon storage potential in developing countries. This phenomenon highlights the importance of a new future climate treaty. Its discussion creates an integrated accounting and incentive framework that facilitates the formulation of robust and complementary adaptation and mitigation strategies.

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38

Golan, Amos. Epilogue. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199349524.003.0015.

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The basic question posed at the beginning of this book is how we can model effectively, draw appropriate inferences, and make informed decisions when dealing with insufficient information. A complementary question is how we can process the available information while imposing a minimum of assumptions that cannot be validated. In this book I argued that we need a framework that can be used for modeling, inference, and problem-solving across all the scientific disciplines. I argued for a complete framework for modeling and inference rather than a model for solving a specific problem. I also stressed that such a framework must create synergies between distinct scientific fields and create a common scientific language, bridging disciplines while allowing us to incorporate discipline-specific and problem-specific information....

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39

White, Michael D., and Aili Malm. Cops, Cameras, and Crisis. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479820177.001.0001.

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This book serves as the go-to resource for those who are interested in police body-worn cameras. The first part of the book (chapters 2 and 3) delves deeply into the claims made about BWCs by both advocates and critics, coupled with an exhaustive examination of the research base on each of those claims. Moreover, throughout the book, there are quotes and vignettes from experts in the field who have hands-on experience with police BWCs to illustrate important points. The authors also offer insights on the potential reasons for variation in research findings. In chapter 4, they examine the past, present, and future of police BWCs through two different, complementary lenses. The first is the diffusion of innovations framework. The second lens is the evidence-based policing framework. Both the diffusion of innovation and evidence-based policing frameworks provide insights on the “how and why” questions regarding current rates of BWC adoption, and just as important, they provide an informed position to consider the prospects for BWCs in the future. There are two objectives in chapter 5. The first is a forward-looking review of the next set of challenges for BWC adopters. These challenge center on both human and technological elements of a BWC program. The second objective centers on the importance of planning and implementation. The book ends with a few important takeaway messages on the role of BWCs in policing and how the technology can help police to achieve their core mission.

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40

Ocampo, José Antonio. Resolution of Balance-of-Payments Crises. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198718116.003.0005.

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This chapter analyses the history and effectiveness of the two major mechanisms of resolution of balance-of-payments crises: IMF emergency financing and complementary mechanisms, and sovereign debt workouts. It argues that IMF lending has historically met its counter-cyclical objectives and has been improving in recent decades in terms of providing adequate lending facilities as well as focusing conditionality on macro-relevant areas. Swap arrangements among central banks constitute the most important complementary mechanism, but benefit mainly developed countries. In contrast to advances in IMF financing, the need to have a better framework for debt resolution remains one of the major gaps of the international financial architecture. In this regard, this chapter proposes a multilateral mechanism that would lie between the voluntary and statutory solutions that have been proposed in the global debate. This mechanism would offer a sequence of voluntary negotiations, mediation, and eventual arbitration that would take place with pre-established deadlines.

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41

Boyle, Alan, and Navraj Singh Ghaleigh. Climate Change and International Law beyond the UNFCCC. Edited by Kevin R. Gray, Richard Tarasofsky, and Cinnamon Carlarne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199684601.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the various shortcomings of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol. As a ‘framework convention’, the UNFCCC itself does not regulate climate change but only creates a basis for negotiating multilateral solutions. The Convention’s most evident weakness, as demonstrated during the Marrakesh Accords and the Copenhagen negotiations, is the dependence on the ability of the parties to reach the necessary agreement within a timescale. Complementary to the Convention, the Kyoto Protocol establishes quantitative emission restrictions to advanced industrial states, or Annex I parties. However, the Protocol only focuses on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions rather than on consumption, a reason which led to Canada’s withdrawal. According to international governance scholar Oran Young, these problems emerge as a result of the climate change regime not being based on ‘principles of fairness’ that are broadly acceptable major players.

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42

Neuberg, Steven L., and Andreana C. Kenrick. Discriminating Ecologies: A Life History Approach to Stigma and Health. Edited by Brenda Major, John F. Dovidio, and Bruce G. Link. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190243470.013.5.

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How does being discriminated against affect one’s health, and through what mechanisms? Most research has focused on two causal pathways, highlighting how discrimination increases psychological stress and exposure to neighborhood hazards. This chapter advances an alternative, complementary set of mechanisms through which stigma and discrimination may shape health. Grounded in evolutionary biology’s life history theory, the framework holds that discrimination alters aspects of the physical and social ecologies in which people live (e.g., sex ratio, unpredictable extrinsic causes of mortality). These discriminating ecologies pull for specific behaviors and physiological responses (e.g., risk-taking, sexual activity, offspring care, fat storage) that are active, strategic, and rational given the threats and opportunities afforded by these ecologies but that also have downstream implications for health. This framework generates a wide range of nuanced insights and unique hypotheses about the discrimination-health relationship, and suggests specific approaches to intervention while pointing to complex ethical issues.

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43

Prah Ruger, Jennifer. Global Health Governance as Shared Health Governance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199694631.003.0006.

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PG as a global health justice theory joins with the theory of SHG to apply justice principles to health governance. SHG rests on a genuine commitment among global health actors to achieve health justice as opposed to pursuing narrow self, group, or state interests alone. SHG elucidates standards of global and domestic responsibility and accountability for health equity. It proposes a common conceptual and policy framework with a set of distinct but complementary responsibilities for governments, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), the private sector, and individuals themselves. In the SHG framework, the state has duties to create conditions in which all individuals have the opportunity to be healthy and to reduce and prevent the shortfall between actual and potential health within their countries. Global actors have a duty to help shape conditions in which countries can develop and flourish and promote the health of their populations.

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Tim, Stephens, and Rothwell Donald R. 25 Marine Scientific Research. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198715481.003.0025.

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This chapter begins by considering the definition of marine scientific research (MSR), followed by a brief assessment of the development of the regime dealing with MSR. It then examines the MSR regime contained within the 1982 UN Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) from a zonal and operational perspective, followed by an analysis of how MSR is dealt with in complementary legal regimes. Next, the chapter reviews current coastal State legislative frameworks regulating MSR and comments on future issues confronting the regime.

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Bogdandy, Armin von, Carlino Antpöhler, and Michael Ioannidis. Protecting EU values. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198746560.003.0013.

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This chapter discusses the instruments currently on the table regarding the enforcement of EU values, exposing their strengths and weaknesses in legal and practical terms. It also offers an evaluation of the first use of the Rule of Law Framework. So far, most of the proposed instruments have been presented in isolation. This is particularly true of the proposed ‘Copenhagen Commission’ and the ‘Reverse Solange’ mechanism. This chapter presents and normatively assesses the ideas proposed and discusses a possible way to combine instruments that so far have been considered separately. It argues that the most apt European response to systemic deficiencies is to combine judicial mechanisms, including the Reverse Solange mechanism, as well as a complementary political approach.

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46

Goodhart, Michael. Injustice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190692421.001.0001.

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Injustice offers a radical alternative to familiar ways of thinking about problems of justice and injustice, one motivated by the urgency of concrete struggles over injustice in the real world. It rejects the paradigm of ideal moral theory, which suffers from theoretical paralysis, distortional thinking, and a reflexive tendency to subordinate politics to morality. Instead, this book proposes an innovative approach that integrates realistic analysis of conflict, power, and politics with substantive normative critique and prescription. It does so by developing a bifocal theoretical framework that treats claims about justice and injustice as ideological claims. This framework enables theorists to shift their focus between two complementary perspectives, distinguishing the work of analyzing politics and advocating for particular substantive points of view. The book outlines a substantive democratic account of injustice and uses it to show what practical difference it makes if one adopts the approach it recommends. Injustice describes the work that political theory and political theorists can do to combat injustice and illustrates it through a novel reconceptualization of responsibility for injustice.

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47

Torres Padrón, María Esther, ed. II International Workshop on Marine Litter (BAMAR 2022). Libro de Abstracts. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Servicio de Publicaciones y Difusión Científica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20420/1718.2023.582.

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Workshop of Marine Litter (BAsuras MARinas, BAMAR) was born in the framework of VII International Symposium of Marine ScienceI(SMS 2020) as a response to current concerns about marine litter within both the scientific community and society at large. Marine litter is an urgent and highly complex subject that needs to be tackled from diverse and complementary points of view. In 2022, the workshop have a special focus on marine microplastics (MPs). BAMAR 2022 has been an open forum for exchange of current knowledge about the abundance, fate and impacts of plastic litter and MPs in the marine ecosystems. We aim to focus the directions of future research on MP pollution and to promote actions to reduce the effects of plastic pollution in marine ecosystems.

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48

Hobson, R. Peter. Autism and the Philosophy of Mind. Edited by K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini, and Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0048.

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In order to understand the pathogenesis of autism, one needs to have an adequate framework within which to think about the nature of typical as well as atypical early human mental development. From a complementary perspective, the study of autism may challenge our ways of thinking about the mind itself. For example, are we justified in introducing divisions among cognition, conation, and affect in characterizing early development? What is the epistemological basis for children's understanding of others' minds? How should we think about the origins of and basis for symbolic functioning? This chapter explores the relevance of philosophy for our accounts of autism, highlighting the importance of ideas from Wittgenstein and Strawson in particular, and illustrates fresh ways in which autism might contribute to debates in philosophy of mind.

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Hawthorne, Lesleyanne. Attracting and Retaining International Students as Skilled Migrants. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815273.003.0010.

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OECD countries compete to attract and retain international students as skilled migrants. By definition former international students are of prime workforce age, face no regulatory barriers, and have self-funded to meet domestic employer demand. Within the global ‘race for talent’ they have emerged as a priority human capital resource. This chapter examines the study-migration pathways that have evolved in the past decade within skilled migration policy frameworks. Three case studies are provided, assessing select challenges in the context of national debate. The first examines the UK’s attempt to reduce net migration flows and the impact of this on student migration. The second explores the retention of international doctoral students in the US amid concerns for labour market substitution rather than complementarity. The third defines the extent to which Australian employers value former international students compared to domestic graduates, including the impact of demand and demographic variables on early employment outcomes.

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Tebaldi, Claudia, and Richard Smith. Indirect elicitation from ecological experts: From methods and software to habitat modelling and rock-wallabies. Edited by Anthony O'Hagan and Mike West. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198703174.013.19.

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This article focuses on techniques for eliciting expert judgement about complex uncertainties, and more specifically the habitat of the Australian brush-tailed rock-wallaby. Modelling wildlife habitat requirements is important for mapping the distribution of the rock-wallaby, a threatened species, and therefore informing conservation and management. The Bayesian statistical modelling framework provides a useful ‘bridge’, from purely expert-defined models, to statistical models allowing survey data and expert knowledge to be ‘viewed as complementary, rather than alternative or competing, information sources’. The article describes the use of a rigorously designed and implemented expert elicitation for multiple experts, as well as a software tool for streamlining, automating and facilitating an indirect approach to elicitation. This approach makes it possible to infer the relationship between probability of occurrence and the environmental variables and demonstrates how expert knowledge can contribute to habitat modelling.

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