Дисертації з теми "Competitors of Similar Product"

Thesis: S.M. in Management Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2015.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 46-48).<br>After entering the smartphone era, Samsung has recorded enormous growth in sales and profits. It developed state of the art hardware technology and introduced innovative features with its flagship models, the Galaxy S series. While it emphasized high-end product development to compete with global vendors such as Apple, Samsung expanded its product portfolio to the affordable segment. In the early stages, this strategy succeeded in increasing revenues and market share. However, as Chinese vendors emerge in the global mobile device market, Samsung has struggled to keep its market share in the low-end device markets. Relatively cheap Chinese devices have attacked Samsung's affordable segment. Samsung's strategy of utilizing economies of scale and the halo effect from flagship models was not effective to compete against the price competitiveness of Chinese. Since the dynamic aspects of competition and the importance of platform are increasing, Samsung needs to build a new sustainable portfolio strategy integrating its platform service and hardware portfolio.<br>by Soo Jin Go.<br>S.M. in Management Research

Submitted by Adriely Bruce (adriely_bruce@hotmail.com) on 2016-12-16T14:58:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Urique Hoffmann de Souza Almeida.pdf: 692636 bytes, checksum: c0255901a1a8d4253db69adb8d903141 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-12-22T14:11:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Urique Hoffmann de Souza Almeida.pdf: 692636 bytes, checksum: c0255901a1a8d4253db69adb8d903141 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-12-22T14:14:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Urique Hoffmann de Souza Almeida.pdf: 692636 bytes, checksum: c0255901a1a8d4253db69adb8d903141 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-22T14:14:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Urique Hoffmann de Souza Almeida.pdf: 692636 bytes, checksum: c0255901a1a8d4253db69adb8d903141 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-15<br>FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas<br>In this work, we describe a novel method we designed, implemented and tested to finding products that are similar alternatives to a given product in the catalog of an e-commerce site. By similar alternatives, we mean products that, although are not identical to a product of interest, have features that make them suitable alternatives for customers that look for it. Our motivation is to enable the recommendation of alternativeproductsbasedsolelyontheproduct’sfeatures,withoutrelyingonhistorical purchase data. By doing so, we address the so-called cold start problem, which is often found in product recommendation approaches, and that may lead to profit loss in ecommerce sites. Our method, we call GPClerk, uses Genetic Programming (GP) to learn functions for comparing two products and telling whether two products are similar alternatives or not. These functions are termed here as product comparison functions. To make our method feasible in typical e-commerce settings, we also propose an unsupervised strategy to generate training examples to be used in the learning process. Results of experiments we carried out and report here indicate that our method is capable of generating suitable product comparison functions and that our strategy for automatically generating training data is effective for this task.<br>Nesse trabalho, descrevemos um novo método que projetamos, implementamos e testamos para a tarefa de encontrar produtos que são alternativas similares a um dado produto em um catálogo de um site de comércio eletrônico. Nesse trabalho, consideramos como alternativas similares produtos que, apesar de não serem idênticos a um produto de interesse, têm características que os tornam boas alternativas a esse produto. Nossa motivação para esse trabalho é poder recomendar produtos similares com base apenas nas suas características, sem a necessidade da utilização do histórico de compras dos usuários. Assim, nesse trabalho lidamos com o chamado problema de cold start, que é comumente encontrado em abordagens de recomendação, e que pode levar a perda de lucro em sites de comércio eletrônico. Nosso método, chamado GPClerk, utiliza Programação Genética (GP) para aprender funções que comparam dois produtos, e dizem se estes são similares ou não. Essas funções são chamadas nesse trabalho de product comparison functions. Para tornar nosso método viável em um cenário típico de comércio eletrônico, propomos também uma estratégia não supervisionada para gerar exemplos de treino a serem utilizados no processo de aprendizagem. Resultados de experimentos que executamos e descrevemos nessa dissertação indicam que nosso método é capaz de gerar funções adequadas, e que nossa estratégia para geração automática de dados de treino é efetiva para essa tarefa.

The predominating theories on non-product-related attributes stretch only so far to explain why some brands do not manage to succeed on foreign markets where the product needs are essentially similar to their domestic markets. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to cast new light on the theoretical field of non-product-related attributes, by unveiling which non-product- related attributes affect consumer brand preferences on similar markets. This is done by studying consumer expectations on cosmetics brands in general and brand attitudes towards a Finnish cosmetics brand, on the Swedish market. The results suggest that most of the non-product-related attributes that are covered by predominating theories are still relevant for the formation of consumer preferences, but that new important attributes have also emerged. It was also found that the level of importance varies from attribute to attribute, and that some factors affect consumer preferences more than others. The findings serve as a basis for re-evaluating and expanding the theory of non-product- related attributes, and can help brands to succeed on similar markets.

In this analysis, we plan on developing vegetable mixes with high nutritional qualities and instant fuel consumption. These are to be used as a nutritional supplement in the feeding of children from 6 months of age. Initially, I selected the raw material, due to its high protein content and low cost (soy, tarhui, Cuban corn, rice, wheat, barley). They formed mixes with nutritional characteristics similar to the control for reference (15.5% of protein, 419 kcal of energy). From these formulas, different tests of completed production of mixtures, going so far as to obtain eight mixes with good nutritional and organoleptic characteristics. The eight mixes and the control for reference were subjected to sensory analysis tests (sensory quality test and acceptability and preference test), Of these mixes, 4 were selected (WA1, WA2, WA5 and the control for reference WA7) such as finished women mixtures. The same groups were subjected to a bromatologic analysis and biological tests with animals from the laboratory. Finally, the study of industrial viability of a small processing plant of instant vegetable mixtures was conducted.

The subject of the master’s thesis „ Risk in the area managemarketing communication“ is analysis of the current status Obchodni Galerie Orli in Brno and suggestions for improving the communication mix and possible risks that may occur. The thesis is divided into three chapters, where are presented the theoretical bases for the given issue, futher analysis of the current state and the last chapter of the thesis contains proposals for a new communication mix.

My diploma thesis proposes a marketing strategy which helps firm PANDOS keep its place on the market and prevent from loosing its customers at the time of economic depression. This thesis contains external and internal analyse, including marketing mix analyse. The analytical part issues threats and opportunities. The proposal part consists of several steps against threats and ways of reaching opportunities.

My diploma thesis proposes a marketing strategy which helps Dosedel Inteiror company reach good position on the market and attract new customers. This thesis contains external and internal analyse. The outcome of this work is the proposal which is a reaction on facts found in the analytical part.

The thesis deals with analysis of marketing strategy of Mod Desing s.r.o. The first part of the thesis is based on theoretical grounds. This part deals with the marketing in general and outlines the process of the strategic marketing planning. In the second, practical part of the thesis the theoretical knowledge is applied practically. There is the current market position analysis and the company´s marketing strategy. Based on this analysis and theoretical findings, the suitable measures to improve the competitive position of the company are recommended.

Introduction 1.1 Industry Profile The global shampoo market size was valued at USD 29.38 billion in 2019 and is projected to reach USD 37.92 billion by 2027, exhibiting a CAGR of 3.4% during the forecast period. Shampoo market size is esteemed at USD 39,373.7 million by 2027 and is required to develop at an accumulate yearly development pace of 4.60% in the conjecture time of 2020 to 2027. Shampoo market report investigations the development, which is right now being becoming because of expanding interest for items. The developing pervasiveness of problems identified with hairs, for example, hair fall, dandruff, slick hairs, and dryness of the hairs and irritation is one of the indispensable elements whose effect is considerably solid in the current business situation and is relied upon to increment over the estimate time of 2020 to 2027. The better way of life and contamination is a key factor driving the development of the objective market. Fast urbanization, simplicity of utilization and accessibility of little travel-size packs, developing mindfulness regarding hair care, rising discretionary cashflow alongside change in way of life will decidedly affect the development of the shampoo market. What is more, the usability of different kinds of shampoos through various sorts of dissemination and aggressive showcasing, expansion sought after for common and natural items, alongside the rising buyer mindfulness regarding the individual consideration and cleanliness are additionally speeding up the interest of shampoo market. In addition, the eating of inventive items, for example, natural shampoos and rising pattern of utilizing various kinds of shampoos for various hair related issues are boosting different rewarding freedoms for the shampoo market in the previously mentioned estimate time frame. Be that as it may, the different results combined with the use of the item inferable from the presence of a few synthetics will impede the development of the shampoo market in the previously mentioned figure time frame. This shampoo market report gives subtleties of new late turns of events, exchange guidelines, import trade investigation, creation examination, esteem chain enhancement, portion of the overall industry, effect of homegrown and limited market players, investigations openings as far as arising income pockets, changes in market guidelines, key market development investigation, market size, class market developments, application specialties and predominance, item endorsements, item dispatches, geological extensions, mechanical pg. 6 advancements on the lookout. To acquire information on shampoo market contact Information Scaffold Statistical surveying for an Expert Brief, our group will help you take an educated market choice to accomplish market development. 1.2 Organisation Profile The organisation we chose is Hindustan Unilever to talk a bit about HUL. Let us dive into its history. Hindustan Unilever Company was established in India in 1936 and if you care it was not named as Hindustan Unilever at that time, it was registered as Hindustan Vanaspati Manufacturing Company. But al of this this changed when HUL had to go through rigorous mergers and acquisition deals which turned out to be perfect for the company in year 1956. In this year only that is 1956 it was renamed as Hindustan Lever Limited. Everyone was happy with this name for 51 years until 2007 when Hindustan Lever Limited was rebranded and its name changed to Hindustan Unilever Limited. Hindustan Unilever as name suggests Hindustan is Indian based consumer goods company, which has its headquarters in Mumbai, India. It is a subsidiary of an Anglo-Dutch Company called Unilever. HUL has 35 product brands. It sells products like Cleaning Products (Shampoo, Soap’s etcetera.) Cleaning Agents, Personal Care Products, Water Purifiers. Hindustan Unilever has more than 20,000 employees as of 2019. HUL has seen sales of figures like ₹34,619 crores in FY 2017-18. HUL is the market leader in Indian consumer products, with over 700 million Indian customers utilising its goods in over 20 categories such as soaps, tea, detergents, and shampoos, among others. The ACNielsen Brand Equity list of 100 Most Trusted Brands Annual Survey (2014), published by Brand Equity, a supplement of The Economic Times, included sixteen of HUL's brands. Hindustan Unilever also has a research facility which has coined a good name for itself and is known as Hindustan Unilever Research Centre. It is not a new facility they have established. It was established in 1966 which is just after few years Hindustan Unilever saw its some of the major mergers and acquisition deals come through. It was settled in 1966, in Mumbai, India. Hindustan Unilever saw an urge and need of expansion of the company as a whole and with which came the responsibility to expand its research facility as well. This whole expansion fiasco led to HUL expanding its research division in Bangalore in 1997 as Unilever Research India. In very recent years when company is trying to consolidate its divisions it has seen a single operating unit as its research centre. In year 2007 Unilever Research Centre in Bangalore which was setup in 1997 and Hindustan Unilever Research Centre (HURC) which was setup pg. 7 just after series of mergers and acquisition deals in 1966. Both research centres saw a consolidation by the company as of 2007 in Bangalore Unit. Both the units have been consolidated and now Bangalore unit is the sole operating research unit of Hindustan Unilever. 1.3 Objective of the Study As Srish Saini and Vipul Thakur were thinking about the idea of what can be done as topic pertaining to major project. We were noticeably clear that we wanted to do something in the marketing domain. Marketing is something which comes very natural to us. We wanted to take a FMCG product and analyse we wanted to take a FMCG product and analyse the whole equation of how an FMCG product works hand determine its whole ideology with marketing study and the marketing strategy a FMCG product uses to capture its consumers as well show this was the whole ideology of, we are being instigated towards this whole research of FMCG products. Now coming onto the statistical part, the other thing, we also wanted to conduct was the statistical part of the study where we made a survey and send it to more than 50 people, we got near about 60 responses and we have done a statistical analysis on that as well. We also wanted to compare FMCG products which actually were in the same industry and the pricing strategy of these competitor products as well now we have discovered few of the competitors like dove and head and shoulders which resonate a lot with the shampoo industry in which clinic plus already is an industry leader also the other part as we have discussed about the statistical analysis and we will be sharing and you can see the results in the results section that can be seen after the methodology section.

碩士<br>東吳大學<br>國際貿易學系<br>89<br>In recent years, many firms like to adopt new product preannouncement, that is because of its first move advantages and potential benefits. However, the risk of losing markets and profits also enforce the competitors to respond quickly. If the competitors read and judge the signal, intention or planed action clearly, they can analyze the possible impact and decide whether to respond quickly. Therefore, the signal features of new product preannouncement are important issue to the decision of competitors’ response speed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the competitors’ response speed to firms’ new product preannouncements. We develop three signal features, including：signal readability, signal credibility and signal threat. We also develop the judgement marks of these signal features. This study exams when the competitors receive the firms’ new product preannouncements, which signal feature will influence their response speed and what are the relations between these judgement marks and signal features. The study sample is focused on the computer industry in Taiwan. After questionnaire survey and SAS, LISREL analysis, the results are as follows： 1. Signal visibility has positive relation with signal readability, but signal consistency and signal clarity are not positively related to signal readability. 2. The sender’s reputation and the irreversibility cost of sender are related positively to signal credibility. 3. Centrality of attack and the experience of sender to build entry barrier are positively related to signal threat, but the positive relation between the capacity for producing new product and signal threat is not supported. 4. Signal readability and signal credibility are positively related to firms’ response speed, but the positive relation between signal threat and firms’ response speed is not supported.

碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>財務金融學研究所<br>95<br>Diversification and innovation are relative to company values. In the past decades, globalization leads more firms to become diversified, while most papers assert that diversification erode firm values. To re-consider this inconsistency, this study takes new product announcement as the proxy of innovation to examine the wealth benefits or drawbacks coming from diversification in terms of competition. New product introductions generate market expansion effect and market substitute effect. This study captures capital market responses to new product announcements for announcing firms and their rivals. The finding is that new product announcements bring the increases of stock prices for announcing firms and the decreases of those for industrial competitors. This proves that market substitute effect is stronger. Furthermore, diversified announcers experience less increases than focused ones, while diversified rivals face less decreases than focused ones. This evidence states that coinsurance effect and internal capital market, created by diversification, provide better capabilities of resisting tough competition or/and recession. That is, diversification is valuable for firms in a difficult situation.

This dissertation aims to shed light on how the market responds to product crisis, in order to assist management levels in making strategy for potential loss. The product crisis of Samsung’s Galaxy Note 7 is used as an example to understand how it affected Samsung and its competitors, Apple and LG. Applying event study as methodology, the “explosion” and “voluntary recall” had no impact on Samsung’s stock but “involuntary recall and ban” as well as “termination” had negative impact. Stockholders also suffered more loss in “termination” than “involuntary recall and ban”, but less in “voluntary recall”. Considering direct cost, stockholders suffered more loss than expected, which indicates the existence of indirect cost, such as reputation and litigation. The competitors, LG and Apple, do not perform significant abnormal return by Galaxy Note 7´s event, thus they neither suffer nor benefit from the crisis. Regarding the aggregate effect, the market performs pessimistically toward the future profitability when authorities concerned announce “involuntary recall and ban".<br>Esta dissertação visa esclarecer como o mercado responde à crise de um produto, a fim de auxiliar a Gestão na escolha de uma estratégia para evitar possíveis perdas com o sucedido. Em particular, estuda-se a crise do Samsung Galaxy Note 7 como evento específico, para compreender como este afetou a Samsung e os respetivos concorrentes, Apple e LG. Aplicando o estudo deste evento como metodologia, verificou-se que a explosão e a retirada voluntária não tiveram impacto sobre as ações da Samsung. No entanto, a retirada involuntária e a proibição, assim como a rescisão, tiveram impacto negativo nas mesmas. Além disso, os acionistas sofreram mais perdas com a rescisão do que com o anúncio de autoridade, mas menos com a retirada voluntária. Considerando os custos diretos, os acionistas sofreram mais perdas do que o esperado, o que indica a existência de custos indiretos, como reputação e litígios. Em relação aos concorrentes, a Apple e a LG não realizaram retornos significativos com a crise do Samsung Galaxy Note 7, não sofrendo nem tirando proveitos com o sucedido. Em relação ao efeito agregado, o mercado mostra-se pessimista em relação aos lucros futuros quando a autoridade em questão anuncia a retirada involuntária e a proibição de produtos.

博士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>商學研究所<br>85<br>DISSERTATION ABSTRACT GRADUATE INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY NAME：HSUAN-HSUAN KU MONTH／YEAR： APRIL, 1997 ADVISER：CHUNG-CHAU CHANG EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF THE PRODUCT LINE EXTENSIONS ON THE SALES OF THE PARENT AND COMPETITORS'''' PRODUCTS ─A CONSUMER CHOICE APPROACH Based on the consumer choice approach, especially the choice model propositions and the context effects, this study explores the impact of the product line extensions on the sales of the parent and competitors'''' products to assess cannibalization and competition among firms. And for considering the different order of downward/upward stretch and the market conditions, we take the extension order, the number of competitors, and the characteristics of the product as the mediate variables. The two propositions of choice model, proportionality and substitutability, are to assess the impact of the new entrant on the incumbent sales. The proportionality pro- position assumes that the new item takes share from existing items in proportion to their original shares, it has the problem of independent of irrelevant alternatives . The substitutability proposition assumes the new item takes share disproportionately from more similar items. The attraction proposition holds that a new item may increase the desirability of similar items. The context effects, for present purposes, refer to the choice outcome as a function of the particular alter- natives that are included in the choice set. These alter- natives compete in a two-dimensional market with product attributes or quality/ price. The results indicate that (1) the positioning of the line extension product differentially affects the parent and competitors'''' sales. The degree of cannibalization and competition is determined not only by similarity, but context effects; (2) the proportionality proposition is the best approach to account for the impact of the new entrant on the incumbent sales; (3) the extension order can not mediate the impact of line extension on the par- ent and competitors'''' sales significantly. (4) When there are only two brands in the market(or consideration set), the context effects are prevalent,and the compromise item takes the most share in two- dimensional market with pro- duct attriates. In the tradeoff of quality and price, the best quality item takes the most share. As the number of competitors increasing or in the low involvement product categories, the context effects are no longer existant.

Title: Options under Stable Laws. Author: Andrea Karlová Department: Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Supervisor: Doc. Petr Volf, CSc. Abstract: Stable laws play a central role in the convergence problems of sums of independent random variables. In general, densities of stable laws are represented by special functions, and expressions via elementary functions are known only for a very few special cases. The convenient tool for investigating the properties of stable laws is provided by integral transformations. In particular, the Fourier transform and Mellin transform are greatly useful methods. We first discuss the Fourier transform and we give overview on the known results. Next we consider the Mellin transform and its applicability on the problem of the product of two independent random variables. We establish the density of the product of two independent stable random variables, discuss the properties of this product den- sity and give its representation in terms of power series and Fox's H-functions. The fourth chapter of this thesis is focused on the application of stable laws into option pricing. In particular, we generalize the model introduced by Louise Bachelier into stable laws. We establish the option pricing formulas under this model, which we refer to as the Lévy Flight...