Статті в журналах: "Compensation in active rectifiers"

1

Radionov, A. A., A. S. Maklakov, and E. A. Karyakina. "Energy-Saving Reversible Electric Drive Based on Active Front End Rectifier and Voltage Source Inverter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 698 (December 2014): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.698.150.

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This paper addresses the issue of functional possibilities of reversible electric drive based on active front end rectifier and voltage source inverter from the point of view of energy saving. This paper will review all theoretical capabilities of reactive power compensation in the supply mains by the active front end rectifiers. The reactive power consumption or generation can be created out by using of active front end converters which connect the electric drive with supply mains. Active front end rectifiers can be actively used in operation of supply mains of enterprise as they are able to provide controlled power factor and bidirectional power flow. The studies by mathematical modeling in the Matlab/Simulink program were carried out. It was established that the controlling of power factor of active front end rectifier can be used for reactive power compensation in supply mains. The huge prospects of energy-saving reversible electric drive integration to the Smart Grid have been determined as it is able to provide high power and capabilities of the controlling reactive power flow by means of active front end rectifier. It can reduce a share of the consumption reactive power from a substation and to improve the power quality.

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2

Nikolaev, A. A., A. S. Denisevich, and V. S. Ivekeev. "Improving of operation stability of frequency converters with active rectifiers in electric steel-making complex electrical equipment switching." Vestnik IGEU, no. 5 (2019): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2019.5.048-058.

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Frequency converters with active rectifiers (FC-AR) are now used in rolling mill electric drives. Modern control systems of ARs are not adapted to voltage sags in power supply systems, which leads to converter tripping. The known methods of ensuring AR operation stability, such as kinetic buffering, correction signals based on negative sequence voltage and others, do not eliminate these emergency trips. As an additional measure the paper proposes the method of voltage sag compensation by using static var compensators (SVC) of electric arc furnaces (EAF) for parallel operation of frequency converters with active rectifiers and electric arc furnaces. However, it remains unknown how disturbances (such as overvoltages of switching of SVC harmonic filters (HF) and voltage sags during furnace transformer switching) affect operation stability of frequency converters with active rectifiers. All this makes it necessary to study the effect of these processes on the operation conditions of FC-AR and to improve the active rectifier control system. The authors used experimental arrays of instantaneous values of voltages and currents of the real-life complex «EAF-SVC» («Electric Arc Furnace – Statistic VAR Compensator») in this study. They also applied mathematical models of FC-AR with different PWM algorithms realized in Matlab-Simulink software. The main assumption of the model consists in using equivalent current sources modelling the operation of autonomous voltage invertors. An improved control system of AR has been developed. The main feature that distinguishes it from the known systems is the fact that it ensures operation stability during SVC harmonic filter and EAF transformer switching by using a signal conditioning unit for setting the active rectifier reactive current component as a function of power supply and AR input voltage difference. Implementation of the improved AR control system improves FC-AR stability during parallel operation with EAFs through reactive power consumption of the supply system. As a result, it reduces the amplitude of inrush current and voltage deviations in the DC-link of the FC-AR to the values lower than the setpoints of the AR protection system.

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3

Krishnaveni, V., and C. Pavan Kalyan. "A Shunt Active Power Filter Based on Instantaneous Reactive Power Compensation and Direct Voltage Control for Medium-Voltage Applications." Journal of Advance Research in Electrical & Electronics Engineering (ISSN: 2208-2395) 2, no. 9 (September 30, 2015): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nneee.v2i9.175.

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High power and medium voltage (MV) applications need Controlled rectifiers such as 12-pulse converters, because of the high reliability, low complexity, robustness and low power losses. But having the drawback of harmonics generation causes power quality problem. Power quality can be improved with passive filters but having disadvantages such as dependency on the source impedances, parallel and series resonance, aging of passive components. Active power filtering (APF) is used as compensation technique in order to improve thepower quality at the line side. Hence APF becomes a promising compensator solution. This paper presents the APFfor a Medium-Voltage applications using Open Loop Control Compensation.

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4

Figueroa, Diego, Luis Morán, Geza Joos, and Juan Dixon. "Series Active Compensation of Current Harmonics Generated by High Power Rectifiers." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 1, no. 08 (April 2010): 1525–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj08.711.

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Rezaee, Saeed, Amr Radwan, Mehrdad Moallem, and Jiacheng Wang. "Dual Active Compensation for Voltage Source Rectifiers Under Very Weak Grid Conditions." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 160446–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3131481.

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6

Ji, Ling. "Design of Active Filter Based on the Active Power Balance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 596 (July 2014): 709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.596.709.

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In order to eliminate harmonics generated by the power electronic devices, from a functional point of view the amount of the balance, the use of filters to supply current and DC voltage is sampled in a controlled manner to achieve harmonic compensation, the establishment of a single-phase active power filter the control system of the model and the theoretical analysis of the program by Saber simulation software has been validated in simulation, based on a prototype developed, according to the single-phase shunt active filter to achieve our scheme can effectively harmonic compensation for pollution caused by the rectifier with inductive load, simulation and experimental results show that this method can be controlled harmonic distortion at 5.8%.

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7

Roopa C, Prof. "Case Study on Automatic Power Factor Compensation for Industrial Power." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 2691–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36958.

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In an electrical power grid, for an equal amount of usable power transmitted, a load with a coffee power factor draws more current than a load with a small power factor. The higher currents increase the loss of energy in the distribution network and require larger wires and other equipment. Due to the costs of larger equipment and waste energy, electrical utilities will usually charge a much higher cost to industrial or commercial customers where a low power factor is present. Low-power factor linear loads (such as induction motors) are often corrected with a passive condenser or inductor network. The present drawn from the system is distorted by non-linear loads, like rectifiers. In such cases, the correction of the active or passive power factor may also counteract the distortion and lift the factor of the facility. The facility factor correction devices may also be installed at a central substation, opened over a distribution grid, or built into power-consuming equipment.

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8

HÄFNER, J., M. AREDES, and K. HEUMANN. "ADVANCED POWER ELECTRONICS FOR REDUCING MAINS POLLUTION — ACTIVE POWER FILTERS AND OPTIMIZED UTILITY INTERFACES." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 05, no. 04 (December 1995): 789–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126695000461.

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Rapid advances in turn-off semiconductor elements offer new opportunities for reactive power compensation and reduction of harmonics in energy supply systems. Non-linear consumers and also solid state power electronic equipment like diode rectifiers and thyristor converters disturb the utility voltage waveform by injecting harmonic currents into the utility grid. Their need of reactive power results in higher line currents and thereby in an increase of the rated power of the supply system. Active power filters can be used to compensate the harmonic currents, to balance unbalanced systems and to provide reactive power to the load with small storage elements. Optimized utility interfaces are controlled to ensure sinusoidal input currents of the load with unity power factor. Both, the investigated active power filter as well as the optimized utility interface are based on a four-quadrant switch-mode voltage source inverter.

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9

Zhang, Yichen, Junye Ma, and Xian Tang. "A CMOS Active Rectifier with Efficiency-Improving and Digitally Adaptive Delay Compensation for Wireless Power Transfer Systems." Energies 14, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 8089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14238089.

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A CMOS active rectifier with digitally adaptive delay compensation for power efficiency improvement is presented in this work. The power transistors are turned on and turned off in advance under the control of the regenerated compensation signals, which are generated by the proposed compensation control circuit; therefore, the reverse current is eliminated, and the efficiency is increased. Simulation results in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS process show that the turn-on and turn-off delay of the rectifier is effectively compensated. The power efficiency is up to 90.6% when the proposed rectifier works at the operation frequency of 13.56 MHz.

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10

Banerjee, Arnab, Tarun Kanti Bhattacharyya, and Sudip Nag. "High efficiency CMOS active rectifier with adaptive delay compensation." Microelectronics Journal 112 (June 2021): 105052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2021.105052.

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11

Huynh, Phuc, and Arijit Banerjee. "Active Voltage-Ripple Compensation in an Integrated Generator-Rectifier System." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 36, no. 2 (February 2021): 2270–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2020.3006510.

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12

Krievs, O., and L. Ribickis. "Frequency Selective Control of a Parallel Active Filter with Resonance Filter Regulators." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 46, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10047-009-0001-6.

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Frequency Selective Control of a Parallel Active Filter with Resonance Filter RegulatorsThe paper describes a method for frequency selective control of parallel active filters that are applied for compensation of the current harmonic distortions and the displacement power factor in symmetrical three-phase systems with a known harmonic spectrum. For simulation, an active filter for harmonic current compensation of a three-phase full-bridge diode rectifier was used. Comparative analysis has shown a good agreement between the results obtained experimentally and by simulation

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13

Liu, Yonglu, Yao Sun, and Mei Su. "Active power compensation method for single‐phase current source rectifier without extra active switches." IET Power Electronics 9, no. 8 (June 2016): 1719–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2015.0899.

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14

Et. al., Evseev Alexei Mikhailovich,. "Rectifilter for electric arc plasma plant." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 10, 2021): 3130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.2358.

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This article presents the results of the development and research of a new type of AC-DC converter - a filter-rectifier (or rectifilter). The object of application of the proposed device is an industrial plant of electric arc plasma processing, the operation of which requires maintaining a constant value of the arc current and is accompanied by a high level of harmonic distortion and consumed reactive energy. From the point of view of the reactive power compensation and harmonic filtering strategy, the rectifilter can be attributed to active electric power filters and FACTS, however, from the position of the main function performed, it is a direct current source, an AC to DC converter, an active rectifier. This work describes in detail the principles of operation of the control system and the hardware architecture of the device. Mathematical modeling of the rectifilter and analysis of the graphs of the consumed alternating current, rectified current, analysis of the harmonic composition and power factor in comparison with the thyristor rectifier of an electric arc plasmatron were carried out.

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Das, Soumya Ranjan, Prakash Kumar Ray, Arun Kumar Sahoo, Somula Ramasubbareddy, Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu, Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan, and Lucian Mihet-Popa. "A Comprehensive Survey on Different Control Strategies and Applications of Active Power Filters for Power Quality Improvement." Energies 14, no. 15 (July 29, 2021): 4589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154589.

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Power quality (PQ) has become an important topic in today’s power system scenario. PQ issues are raised not only in normal three-phase systems but also with the incorporation of different distributed generations (DGs), including renewable energy sources, storage systems, and other systems like diesel generators, fuel cells, etc. The prevalence of these issues comes from the non-linear features and rapid changing of power electronics devices, such as switch-mode converters for adjustable speed drives and diode or thyristor rectifiers. The wide use of these fast switching devices in the utility system leads to an increase in disturbances associated with harmonics and reactive power. The occurrence of PQ disturbances in turn creates several unwanted effects on the utility system. Therefore, many researchers are working on the enhancement of PQ using different custom power devices (CPDs). In this work, the authors highlight the significance of the PQ in the utility network, its effect, and its solution, using different CPDs, such as passive, active, and hybrid filters. Further, the authors point out several compensation strategies, including reference signal generation and gating signal strategies. In addition, this paper also presents the role of the active power filter (APF) in different DG systems. Some technical and economic considerations and future developments are also discussed in this literature. For easy reference, a volume of journals of more than 140 publications on this particular subject is reported. The effectiveness of this research work will boost researchers’ ability to select proper control methodology and compensation strategy for various applications of APFs for improving PQ.

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Cecati, C., A. Dell'Aquila, M. Liserre, and V. Giuseppe Monopoli. "A passivity-based multilevel active rectifier with adaptive compensation for traction applications." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 39, no. 5 (September 2003): 1404–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2003.816552.

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17

Janyavula, Deepthi, and Satyendra Nath Saxena. "Unbalanced Variable Nonlinear Load Compensation Using Multiple Shunt Active Filters." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 5, no. 5 (October 1, 2015): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i5.pp896-904.

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<span>The proposed scheme has considered a three-phase four-wire system, which experienced sag and swell in source voltage for a certain period while feeding an unbalanced and variable non-linear load. The load has unequal resistive and reactive elements in the three phases, forming the unbalanced component. A three-phase silicon controlled rectifier converter with adjustable firing angle connected to the load has formed the variable non-linear component. This has been considered, so as to simulate the unbalanced and variable non-linear nature of loads in real-time power system. The trends in the total harmonic distortion variation were obtained for the proposed system under power factor correction and voltage regulation mode operation when the load-side converter firing angles of 30°, 60° and 90° were considered using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Three pulse-width-modulation methods, namely, sinusoidal pulse-width-modulation, space vector modulation and hysteresis pulse-width-modulation have been used to generate pulses for the voltage source converter of the shunt active filter based on the reference currents generated using synchronous reference frame theory. It has been demonstrated in the proposed paper that power factor correction, voltage regulation, better harmonic reduction and hence load compensation are obtained simultaneously by using two SAFs.</span><br />

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Maheswari, S. S. Lalitha, V. Revathi, and S. Muralidharan. "Intelligent Controller for Shunt Active Power Filter to Improve Power Quality." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.40.

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This paper presents a comparative study on performance of conventional PI controller and fuzzy controller on three phase, three wire voltage source inverter based shunt active filter that is used to compensate the harmonics currents drawn by non-linear loads in distribution systems. Hysteresis PWM method is used to generate the pulses to the switches used in active filter. The compensation is based on PLL method of fundamental current extraction. The nonlinear load taken into account is a three phase diode bridge rectifier.

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19

Hamad, MS, and MI Masoud. "Compensated Medium Voltage 6-Pulse CSR Using Shunt Active Power Filters: Three Different Configurations." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/tjer.vol11iss1pp1-10.

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The 6-pulse controlled AC/DC converter produces harmonics. The input current total harmonic distortion and the input power factor, which is firing delay angle dependent, are major drawbacks, and a compensation technique is mandatory. This paper introduces a compensated 6-pulse current sourcecontrolled rectifier with a shunt active power filter (APF ) in different configurations. The shunt APF with predictive current control is coupled to the 6-pulse systems in three different compensation configurations. The APF is connected either directly to the front-end transformer primary or secondary side or via a transformer to reduce the filter side voltage. The comparison between these configuration is introduced; each configuration has merits and demerits. The comparison cannot be genuine. Simulation results are presented for a medium voltage converter which is scaled to allow low-voltage experimental confirmation.

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20

Nami, Ashkan, José Amenedo, Santiago Gómez, and Miguel Álvarez. "Active Power Filtering Embedded in the Frequency Control of an Offshore Wind Farm Connected to a Diode-Rectifier-Based HVDC Link." Energies 11, no. 10 (October 11, 2018): 2718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102718.

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This paper presents a novel active power filtering (APF) scheme embedded in a centralised frequency control of an offshore wind farm (OWF) connected to a high voltage direct current link through a diode rectifier station. The APF is carried out by a voltage source converter (VSC), which is connected to the rectifier station to provide frequency control for the offshore ac-grid. The proposed APF scheme eliminates harmonic currents at a capacitor bank placed at the rectifier station. This leads to a significant reduction in the total harmonic distortion of the offshore ac-grid voltage, and thus, to an improvement in the OWF power. Hence, the rectifier passive ac-filter bank is not needed anymore. A new selective harmonic compensation method based on the dynamic phasor (DP) theory is used in the proposed APF scheme which allows the extraction of the phasor form of harmonics in dc-signals. Therefore, the well-known proportional-integral regulators are used for the harmonic current compensation. Moreover, the offshore ac-grid is modelled for the system harmonic analysis using a grid solution based on the DP theory. Finally, a VSC power rating analysis is studied. The performance of the proposal is validated by simulations in both steady-state and transient conditions.

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Chen, Ting, Hong Cheng, Cong Wang, Wenbo Chen, and Zhihao Zhao. "Open-Circuit Fault-Tolerant Design of the Cascaded H-Bridge Rectifier Incorporating Reactive Power Compensation." Electronics 9, no. 9 (September 10, 2020): 1490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091490.

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This paper proposes an open-circuit fault-tolerant design for the cascaded H-Bridge rectifier incorporating reactive power compensation. If one or two switching devices of the H-bridge modules are fault, the drive signals of the faulty H-bridge modules will be artificially redistributed into the bridgeless mode (including the boost bridgeless mode, the symmetric boost bridgeless mode, the totem-pole bridgeless mode and the symmetry totem-pole bridgeless mode) and cooperate with the normally operated H-bridge modules. In this case, the faulty cascaded H-bridge rectifier is not only able to achieve active power transmission, but also can still provide part of reactive power compensation when injecting reactive power from the power grid. Nonetheless, the reactive power that it can supply will be limited, due to the unidirectional characteristics of the bridgeless mode for the faulty modules. Therefore, a method for calculating its adjustable power factor angle range is also presented, which provides the basis for the faulty modules switching to the bridgeless mode. Then, a control strategy of the cascaded H-bridge rectifier incorporating reactive power compensation under the faulty condition and normal operation is presented. Finally, an experimental platform with a single-phase cascaded H-bridge rectifier containing three cells is given to verify the proposed theories.

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22

Van, Chi Nguyen, and Hoang Dang Danh. "Control shunt active filter based on dq frame using current model prediction." IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v8i4.pp301-312.

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The nonlinear loads present more in the power systems in the practice today by developing of electronic technology and using the small distributed power sources (solar power, wind power etc.), this causes the increasing the high frequency switch devices etc. in the power network. Nonlinear loads cause non-sinusoidal currents and voltages with harmonic components, increasing the reactive power, overload of power lines and electrical devices, low power factor and affecting badly to the networks. Shunt active filters (SAF) with current controlled voltage source inverters (CCVSI) are used effectively to reduce the harmonics and to balance the phases sinusoidal source currents by generating the currents to compensate the harmonic currents caused by the nonlinear loads. In this paper we suppose a control strategy to generate the compensation currents of SAF by using the current model predictive engineering. This method is better than the control strategy using PI controller in term of transient time. The desired compensation currents can track exactly the reference compensation currents on the dq frame. The simulation results implemented on the nonlinear load, a full bridge rectifier and 3 phase unbalance load, show that the transient period decrease from 0.1s to 0.02s in comparing with PI controller. The experimental results proof that the THD of source currents decrease from 24.8% to 5.4% when using the proposed method.

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Ikeda, Fuka, Kei Nishikawa, Yuki Okamoto, Hiroaki Yamada, Toshihiko Tanaka, and Masayuki Okamoto. "Simple Power Quality Compensation with Bidirectional Battery Charger for Electric Vehicles in Single-Phase Three-Wire Distribution Feeders." Energies 13, no. 11 (June 5, 2020): 2894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112894.

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This paper deals with power quality compensation in single-phase three-wire distribution feeders using a constant DC-capacitor voltage-control (CDCVC)-based strategy of the previously proposed bidirectional battery charger (BBC) for electric vehicles under the distorted source-voltage and load-current conditions. Instantaneous active power flowing into the three-leg pulse-width-modulated (PWM) rectifier in the BBC is discussed. The instantaneous power flowing into the three-leg PWM rectifier demonstrates that the CDCVC-based strategy obtains balanced and sinusoidal source currents at a unity power factor, where the source-side active power is balanced with the load-side active power. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that balanced and sinusoidal source currents at a unity power factor are attained in single-phase three-wire distribution feeders with both battery-charging and -discharging operations for electric vehicles even though both source voltage and load currents are distorted.

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B. R., Madhu, Dinesh M. N., Tsewang Thinlas, and Deril Menezes. "Enhancement of power quality using microprocessor based shunt active power filter for unbalanced load." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 3393. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp3393-3402.

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Анотація:

Power quality is the most significant factor of power sector. The end user equipment such as induction motor, inverters, rectifiers inject harmonics into power system that influences the quality of power delivered. The presence of harmonics forces the use of instantaneous reactive power theory to calculate instantaneous power that helps in finding the compensating currents to eliminate harmonics. The control action required by active filter is accomplished by STM32F303RET6 microcontroller. Single phase induction motor is used as a dynamic nonlinear load in one of the three phases and resistive loads on the other two phases. TRIAC based RC triggering circuit was used to control the single phase induction motor. This paper presents the simulation and hardware implementation of shunt active power filter for 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced system. The hardware results show that THD in the source side has been reduced from 50.7% to 9.6% by implementing the SAPF.

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Kao, Shao-Ku. "A CMOS Active Rectifier with Time Domain Technique to Enhance PCE." Electronics 10, no. 12 (June 17, 2021): 1450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10121450.

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Анотація:

This paper presents a CMOS active rectifier with a time-domain technique to enhance power efficiency. A delay compensation circuit was designed using a time-domain technique. It converts the delay buffer’s delay time to a voltage value. The voltage is able to control on/off time in the comparator for variable input voltage. This circuit is designed in 0.18 m CMOS process. The input voltage range is from 2 V to 3.8 V with the output voltage from 1.8 V to 3.6 V. The efficiency can be maintained at more than 83% when the load is from 100 Ω to 1300 Ω for 3.3 V input voltage. The maximum efficiency is 90.3% at output power to be 109 mW for 3.3 V input voltage.

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Li, Jian Ying, Wei Dong Yang, and Ni Na Ma. "Vector Decoupling Control Strategy for Three-Phase Voltage Source PWM Rectifier." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.450.

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In view of the fact that active power and reactive power have coupling relation, a novel vector decoupling control strategy is presented for three-phase voltage source PWM rectifier. In the paper, the power control mathematical mode of the PWM rectifier is deduced based on the mathematical model of rectifier in synchronous d-q rotating coordinates, and a new voltage feed forward decoupling compensation control strategy is proposed. The simulation results show that the voltage and current of the three-phase PWM rectifier have better respond preference, the current aberrance is smaller and the voltage is steady under the control strategy. The PWM rectifier can implement PWM commute with unity power factor, but also feed back the energy to AC side with unity power factor.

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27

Cha, Kim, Park, and Choi. "Modeling and Control of Double-Sided LCC Compensation Topology with Semi-Bridgeless Active Rectifier for Inductive Power Transfer System." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 16, 2019): 3921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203921.

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This paper proposes the modeling and design of a controller for an inductive power transfer (IPT) system with a semi-bridgeless active rectifier (S-BAR). This system consists of a double-sided Inductor-Capacitor-Capacitor (LCC) compensation network and an S-BAR, and maintains a constant output voltage under load variation through the operation of the rectifier switches. Accurate modeling is essential to design a controller with good performance. However, most of the researches on S-BAR have focused on the control scheme for the rectifier switches and steady-state analysis. Therefore, modeling based on the extended describing function is proposed for an accurate dynamic analysis of an IPT system with an S-BAR. Detailed mathematical analyses of the large-signal model, steady-state operating solution, and small-signal model are provided. Nonlinear large-signal equivalent circuit and linearized small-signal equivalent circuit are presented for intuitive understanding. In addition, worst case condition is selected under various load conditions and a controller design process is provided. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling, experimental results using a 100 W prototype are presented.

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Adjie, Alfin Prima, and Muhammad Imran Hamid. "Harmonics Analysis of Input Current of 3-Phase PWM Rectifier." Andalas Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology 1, no. 1 (May 7, 2021): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ajeeet.v1i1.6.

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Анотація:

Rectifier is a non-linier load that causes harmonic distortion in the power system. Pulse-width modulation (PWM) method is an effective method in pressing the magnitude of harmonics in a rectifier application, it provides an almost sinusoidal input current. However, the variation of loads that supplied by a rectifier cause the harmonics that arise can still beyond the applicable standard. The amount of harmonics in the operating range of a rectifier need to be identified to determine the filter on the input side. In this research article, 3-phase PWM rectifier was designed with hysteresis current control technique using PSCAD software simulation. Harmonic compensation was carried out by applying an active filter based on P-Q theory to reduce the harmonic distortion that occurs in the input current, thus giving a low total harmonic distortion (THD) value. Based on the simulation, 3-phase PWM rectifier operation starting at a power level of 150 kW, giving a THD value above 5-10% by the increasing the amount of load supplied by the rectifier. The application of active filter based on the P-Q theory is able to compensate harmonics in the input current wave with a THD value below 5% in the rectifier operating range.

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Shahsavari, Sajjad, and Mehdi Saberi. "A Power-Efficient CMOS Active Rectifier with Circuit Delay Compensation for Wireless Power Transfer Systems." Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing 38, no. 3 (July 20, 2018): 947–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00034-018-0902-9.

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30

Denisenko, K. I., V. O. Lesyk, and T. V. Mysak. "INFLUENCE OF THE FILTER IN THE CONTROL CHANNEL CONTOURS OF THE STORAGE CAPACITOR VOLTAGE STABILIZATION ON THE DYNAMICS IN THREE-PHASE SHUNT ACTIVE POWER FILTER." Praci Institutu elektrodinamiki Nacionalanoi akademii nauk Ukraini 2021, no. 58 (May 19, 2021): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/publishing2021.58.055.

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The object of research is a three-phase shunt active power filter, which consists of a semiconductor voltage inverter on fully controllable switches, capacitive storage, and an RL-link. The carried-out decomposition of the research object according to the rate of motion of the dynamic system makes it possible to divide this dynamic system into two subsystems, interconnected by control. The role and influence of the communication subsystem between the voltage stabilization circuit on the storage capacitor of the three-phase shunt active power filter and the circuits for the formation of the compensation current, which is injected by this filter into the distributed power supply network, is considered. The presence of a non-linear load in this network is a source of distortion of the parameters of electrical energy. The formation of the compensation current by the forced introduction of the first order sliding modes along some sliding surfaces was carried out. The two-dimensional sliding surface is a linear combination of the components of the two-dimensional error vectors of the compensation current and the first derivative of the error of this current. The introduced communication subsystem makes it possible to reduce the influence of the disturbance in the form of harmonic components of the rectified voltage on the parameters of the compensating current. The influence of the dynamic characteristics of a communication subsystem with filtering properties on the performance indicators of a parallel active filter and the current distortion factor in the power supply network to which this filter is connected was analyzed. To confirm the theoretical assumptions, a simulation model was built and the results of digital modeling were analyzed. Comparison of different types of filters as a communication subsystem according to the criteria of the duration of the transient process and the harmonic distortion in the current that consumed from the network was carried out. References 26, figures 4, tables 3.

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31

Prange, G. B., M. J. A. Jannink, A. H. A. Stienen, H. van der Kooij, M. J. IJzerman, and H. J. Hermens. "Influence of Gravity Compensation on Muscle Activation Patterns During Different Temporal Phases of Arm Movements of Stroke Patients." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 23, no. 5 (February 3, 2009): 478–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968308328720.

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Background. Arm support to help compensate for the effects of gravity may improve functional use of the shoulder and elbow during therapy after stroke, but gravity compensation may alter motor control. Objective. To obtain quantitative information on how gravity compensation influences muscle activation patterns during functional, 3-dimensional reaching movements. Methods. Eight patients with mild hemiparesis performed 2 sets of repeated reach and retrieval movements, with and without unloading the arm, using a device that acted at the elbow and forearm to compensate for gravity. Electromyographic (EMG) patterns of 6 upper extremity muscles were compared during elbow and shoulder joint excursions with and without gravity compensation. Results. Movement performance was similar with and without gravity compensation. Smooth rectified EMG (SRE) values were decreased from 25% to 50% during movements with gravity compensation in 5 out of 6 muscles. The variation of SRE values across movement phases did not differ across conditions. Conclusions. Gravity compensation did not affect general patterns of muscle activation in this sample of stroke patients, probably since they had adequate function to complete the task without arm support. Gravity compensation did facilitate active arm movement excursions without impairing motor control. Gravity compensation may be a valuable modality in conventional or robot-aided therapy to increase the intensity of training for mildly impaired patients.

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32

Zhu, Yuchuan, Zhenyu Wang, and Shangshu Fei. "Development of a magnetostrictive material–based electro-hydrostatic actuator with an active rotary rectifying valve." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 233, no. 8 (November 16, 2018): 994–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651818809185.

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A magnetostrictive material–based electro-hydrostatic actuator with an active rotary valve for fluid rectification is presented in this article, which consists of a magnetostrictive material–based pump, an active rotary valve and a hydraulic cylinder. First, the magnetostrictive material–based pump plunger motion model is established, and the factors that affect the phase lag between the magnetostrictive material–based pump plunger displacement and the input voltage are discussed. Second, the flow area model of the active rotary valve and the kinetic model of the cylinder are established. After that, the phase compensation for the input voltage that influences the synchronous motion between the magnetostrictive material–based pump plunger and the valve spool is investigated. Finally, the simulation model is built in MATLAB/Simulink, and the results are subsequently verified with experimental data. The results indicate that the phase lag of magnetostrictive material–based pump plunger output displacement is mostly influenced by magnetization with a low driving frequency and by an eddy current with a high driving frequency. The compensation angle for the input voltage affects the output flow of the magnetostrictive material–based electro-hydrostatic actuator and the moving direction of the cylinder piston rod. For a magnetostrictive material–based electro-hydrostatic actuator rectified by the active rotary valve, at the driving frequency of 200 Hz, the peak output flow can reach 2.4 L/min, which is much higher than 1.1 L/min of a magnetostrictive material–based electro-hydrostatic actuator rectified by the passive reed valve.

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33

Corti, Fabio, Alberto Reatti, Andrea Nepote, Luca Pugi, Marco Pierini, Libero Paolucci, Francesco Grasso, Emanuele Grasso, and Matthias Nienhause. "A Secondary-Side Controlled Electric Vehicle Wireless Charger." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 10, 2020): 6527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246527.

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In this paper, the design procedure of an electric vehicle (EV) wireless charger is presented. Unlike most of the systems available in the literature, the proposed charging system is regulated from the vehicle side. The on-board electrical circuit automatically adapts the resonant compensation to guarantee compatibility with the primary inverter characteristics and achieve high transmission efficiency without communication between sides. Moreover, the proposed control strategy, used to regulate the secondary full active rectifier (FAR), allows the supply of the the EV battery, maximizing the efficiency during the whole charging process.

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34

Kumaresan, S., and H. Habeebullah Sait. "Embedded System Implementation of Shunt Active Power Filter with Direct Compensation Component Generation Using Linear Operational Amplifiers." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 10 (January 10, 2020): 2050166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620501662.

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In this paper, the principles, the design, the methodology of low cost implementation and the results of implementation of a shunt active power filter (SAPF) in the embedded system environment are presented. The system for which the SAPF is considered has a combination of linear reactive load and a three-phase-fed diode bridge rectifier that drives an RL load. The generation of the compensating signal or the reference signal is based upon the direct calculations implemented using the linear operational amplifiers. Further, the generation of the pulse width modulation (PWM) pulses is much similar to the conventional sinusoidal PWM but implemented in the embedded system platform. In this work, the built-in PWM and ADC sections of the microcontroller PIC 16F877A have been utilized for generating the PWM pulses without the requirement of an explicit carrier signal. The proposed method has been validated in MATLAB SIMULINK environment and also by an experimental prototype.

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35

Cheng, Lin, Xinyuan Ge, Langyu Hu, Yuan Yao, Wing-Hung Ki, and Chi-Ying Tsui. "A 40.68-MHz Active Rectifier With Hybrid Adaptive On/Off Delay-Compensation Scheme for Biomedical Implantable Devices." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 67, no. 2 (February 2020): 516–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2928815.

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36

Qiu, Mingjie, Ping Wang, Huakun Bi, and Zhishuang Wang. "Active Power Decoupling Design of a Single-Phase AC–DC Converter." Electronics 8, no. 8 (July 27, 2019): 841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8080841.

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The second-order ripple power of single-phase converter causes second-order ripple voltages on the DC bus. For eliminating second-order ripple components, passive power decoupling methods including DC bus electrolytic capacitors have some shortcomings, such as low power density and poor stability of converters. Thus, an active power decoupling method based on a single-phase converter is proposed in this paper. The control method, taking single-phase voltage source pulse width modulation (PWM) rectifier (single-phase VSR) as the basic converter and adopting a buck-boost power decoupling circuit, introduces second-order ripple of DC bus voltage into a power decoupling circuit. The ripple acts as compensation of the phase deviation between the command value and the actual value of the second-order ripple current. Therefore, estimation of the second-order ripple current is more accurate, the power decoupling circuit absorbs the second-order ripple power behind the H-bridge more completely, and the DC bus voltage ripple is effectively suppressed accordingly. Finally, experimental results of the single-phase VSR are given to verify the validity of the proposed method.

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37

Chaplygin, E. E. "An active filter with inductive storage for compensation of inactive power of a rectifier with a capacitive filter." Russian Electrical Engineering 88, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068371217010072.

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38

Ma, Yanzhao, Kai Cui, Zhengjie Ye, Yufei Sun, and Xiaoya Fan. "A 13.56-MHz Active Rectifier With SAR-Assisted Coarse-Fine Adaptive Digital Delay Compensation for Biomedical Implantable Devices." IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters 3 (2020): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lssc.2020.3005764.

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39

Et. al., D. Sathisha,. "A Simplified Control Approach of AC-DC-TLBC for Bi-Polar DC Microgrid Applications." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 10, 2021): 818–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.1090.

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In this paper the main focus is to convert 3-Phase AC to DC and DC to 3-level Boost conversion for bipolar DC micro grid applications. The input side of AC-DC converter acts as active PWM rectifier and this can be controlled by using a new Min Max (MM) control algorithm to maintain the regulated DC link voltage. The DC link voltage is boosted according to the duty cycle along with voltage balance compensation algorithm in 3-L Boost (TLBC) converter. Hence the combination of two control approaches can provide better dynamic and steady state responses and the output results are carried out by MATLAB /Simulink environment.

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40

Saleem, Mohamed Muftah. "New Method to Harmonic Isolation Based on High Selectivity Filter to Control of Shunt Active Filter with Experimental Validation Using DSPACE System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 666 (October 2014): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.666.53.

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This paper presents a new control method of a parallel active power filters based on improved harmonic isolation with hardware implementation. The harmonic isolator is based on High Selectivity Filters (it can be tuned at any frequency) and the current control technique consists in a modulated hysteresis current controller. This active filter is intended for harmonic compensation of a diode rectifier feeding a RL load. The study of the active filter control is divided in two parts. The first part deals with the harmonic isolator which generates the harmonic reference currents and is implemented into a DSPACE DS1104 prototyping card. The second part focuses on the generation of the switching pattern of the IGBTs of the inverter by the modulated hysteresis current controller, implemented into an analogue card. The use of High Selectivity Filters instead of classical extraction filters allows extracting directly the voltage and current fundamental components in the α-β axis at high performances. The effectiveness of the new proposed method is verified by computer simulation and by experimental study.

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41

Watanakul, Narin. "Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Based on In-Phase Voltage Injection for Electroplating Industry Factory." Advanced Materials Research 853 (December 2013): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.853.306.

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This paper presents an application of stand-alone Photovoltaic (PV) systems for AC/DC power conversion for electroplating systems. In these control systems, the external source voltage is generated from a PV stand-alone, the proposed voltage injected method by in phase controller into line input voltage secondary of power transformer. The electroplating process is a capacity 0-250A maximum output system with uses a 12-pulse diode rectifier, using a conventional 3-phase bridge 6-pulse diode rectifier. The process voltage control to electroplating, that performance of the proposed series voltage controller method (producing injected voltage), contribute to voltage control by injecting or absorbing active power, to electroplating. The advantage of this principle will result the system that can saving energy 50% and compensation 100 percent during a power outage. The experimental, and simulation results by MATLAB program are used as a guideline for analyzing and designing the parameters of electroplating system.

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42

Mulla, Mahmadasraf Abdulhamid, Chudamani Rajagopalan, and Anandita Chowdhury. "Compensation of three‐phase diode rectifier with capacitive filter working under unbalanced supply conditions using series hybrid active power filter." IET Power Electronics 7, no. 6 (June 2014): 1566–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2013.0605.

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43

Li, Jifang, Jidong Wang, Kunlin Song, and Zhen Feng. "An Improved ip − iq Harmonic Detection Method Based on Time-Varying Integral Duration." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (October 29, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5420987.

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By analyzing harmonic related to instantaneous active current and instantaneous reactive current, we propose an improved harmonic detection method to remedy long response delay and low detection accuracy corresponding to harmonic of power system. This method introduces a series connection scheme composed of Low-Pass Filter (LPF) and a current average module firstly. Then, detection accuracy of harmonic current is enhanced by adaptive tuning cut-off frequency of LPF and integration time which was obtained by proposed algorithm of the current average module. Moreover, feedback loop is introduced to compensated delay caused by LPF. Simulations including uncontrollable rectifier and three-phase voltage type inverter show proposed method has many advantages such as high detection accuracy, low response delay and good generality. Our method provides reliable harmonic current detection for later harmonic suppression and harmonic compensation.

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44

Liu, He, and Wang Ya-Jun. "DPC of Cross-compensated Virtual Flux Double Switch Table." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation 3, no. 4 (April 4, 2022): 305–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2021.4.005.

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Aiming at the problems of large power ripple, high harmonic components and DC bias on the AC side of the three-phase voltage rectifier Direct Power Control (DPC), as well as the shortcomings of the voltage output of the DC side busbar, the direct power control method of the cross-compensated virtual flux double switch meter has been proposed. The virtual flux can realize the sensorless mode on the input side of the circuit to reduce the high harmonic, even if the first-order low-pass filter is used to replace the integration region, there is still some error. On this basis, the two filters are connected in parallel for virtual flux compensation, and then the voltage vector is selected according to the instantaneous power change, and the sector is re-divided with the voltage as the control vector, and two independent switching state tables are designed. The cross-compensated virtual flux double-switch meter DPC is simulated and compared with the traditional DPC waveform, and the experimental results show that the cross-compensated virtual flux double-switch meter DPC strategy can effectively reduce the proportion of harmonic content, control power fluctuations, improve DC bias, has fast tracking effect, stabilize output voltage, and control active and reactive power flexibly. The three-phase voltage rectifier circuit occupies an important position for the pre-rectifier part of the charging power supply of electric vehicles, and the rectifier circuit that can stabilize the output DC voltage cannot only extend its service life for the charging power supply, but also reduce harmonic pollution.

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45

Goolak, Sergey, Viktor Tkachenko, Gintautas Bureika, and Gediminas Vaičiūnas. "METHOD OF SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF TRACTION CURRENT OF AC ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES." Transport 35, no. 6 (January 21, 2021): 658–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.14242.

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An improved method for spectral analysis of traction current of an Alternating Current (AC) electric locomotive is considered in the article. A new method of spectral analysis considers the change in voltage in the catenary system as a non-deterministic, non-ergodic and non-Gaussian process. It has been established that higher voltage harmonics in the catenary system have a significant negative effect on the operation of non-traction railway consumers of electricity. In addition, electric locomotives operating in the same feeder zone have a mutual influence on each other. Electric railway transport is a source of higher voltage harmonics and strongly distorts the shape of the sinusoidal voltage of the catenary system, which are caused by the higher spectral components of the current in the electric locomotive traction drive circuit. These spectral components of the traction current arise in the traction drive circuit due to the nonlinearity of the current-voltage characteristics of the electronic devices of an electric locomotive, for example, a contact rectifier, a capacitor circuit of traction motors. Reactive power compensators are used in electric locomotives to eliminate components of higher harmonic traction current in the catenary system. Traditionally, spectral analysis in such systems is performed using Fourier methods. However, the determination of the spectral components of the traction current by the Fourier method for constructing a control system for a reactive power compensator is possible only if the process of voltage variation is a deterministic or ergodic Gaussian process. Otherwise, the application of Fourier transform methods will be incorrect. An analysis of the factors that affect voltage changes in the catenary system showed that this process is significantly different from the ergodic Gaussian process. Such factors include the following: the operating mode of the electric locomotives; number and total capacity of electric locomotives in one feeder zone; electric locomotives passing through feeder zones; instability of collection current. Thus, in the case under consideration, the application of the Fourier methods is incorrect for the analysis of the spectral components of the traction current. This affects the quality of compensation of the higher harmonic components of the traction current, and in some cases, the unstable operation of the control system of the active part of the reactive power compensator. Proposed scientific approach is based on the Levinson–Durbin linear prediction algorithm. On the one hand, this allows adapting the control system of the compensator to the voltage parameters of the catenary system. On the other hand, this allows taking into account the operating modes of electric rail vehicle with reactive power compensation. The construction of a compensator control system using the Levinson–Durbin algorithm significantly simplifies thensynchronization scheme of the compensator and power circuits of the traction electric drive of AC electric locomotive. A comparison of the traditional method of spectral analysis, based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and the method, based on the Levinson–Durbin algorithm, proposed by the authors, showed the high efficiency of the latter.

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46

Erfani, Reza, Fatemeh Marefat, Sudip Nag, and Pedram Mohseni. "A 1–10-MHz Frequency-Aware CMOS Active Rectifier With Dual-Loop Adaptive Delay Compensation and >230-mW Output Power for Capacitively Powered Biomedical Implants." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 55, no. 3 (March 2020): 756–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2956883.

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47

Zyryanov, Vyacheslav, Roman Khatylenko, and Anton Potapenko. "Current and Voltage Harmonic Analysis of the Oil Production Enterprise with Abruptly Variable Load." E3S Web of Conferences 114 (2019): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911404002.

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The monitoring results of 6 kV diesel power plant mode parameters are presented in the paper. The diesel power plant supplies the drilling unit of the oil production enterprise. The main goal of the paper is to estimate electric power quality indexes connected with voltage unsinusoidality of the monitored off-grid power system, to compare them with specified in State Standard 32144-2013 [1] and to provide high harmonics reduce methods. The real mode parameters measurements of 3600 kVA diesel power plant in different technological processes connected with oil production were used during the research. The MATLAB software and integrated Fourier transform function were applied to elaborate the mode parameters measurements. Based on harmonic analysis generalized results it is obtained that in many technological processes electric power quality indexes fail to meet the requirements of State Standard 32144-2013 [1]. The filter compensating device with reactive power 1350 kvar installed on 6 kV bus doesn’t allow to supply required electric power quality indexes. The DC drive thyristors rectifiers and the frequency converters of the asynchronous motors of the drill unit parts are the main sources of high harmonics in steady-state modes. The harmonic composition essential changes and electric power quality indexes are reduced due to load power dumps and surges. The high harmonics in such modes are caused by transients in synchronous generators providing supply of the considered power system. The quick-operating electric energy storage system with active power filter function [2] has been proposed as a method to reduce the harmonics.

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48

Jung, Jun-Hyung, Hyun-Keun Ku, Yung-Deug Son, and Jang-Mok Kim. "Open-Switch Fault Diagnosis Algorithm and Tolerant Control Method of the Three-Phase Three-Level NPC Active Rectifier." Energies 12, no. 13 (June 28, 2019): 2495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12132495.

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This paper proposes a fault diagnosis and tolerant control methods for an open-switch fault caused in a three-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) pulse-width modulation (PWM) active rectifier. The open-switch fault in the three-level NPC active rectifier causes a distortion in the input phase current and a ripple in the DC-link capacitor voltage. Therefore, proper fault diagnosis and tolerant control methods are required to prevent additional failures and performance degradation in the rectifier system. This paper conducted a detailed analysis of the effect of the single open-switch fault on the NPC PWM active rectifier and proposed a fault diagnosis method utilizing the DC link voltage and the phase angle of the input grid voltage. Furthermore, this paper proposes a fault-tolerant control method to reduce the effect of the open-switch fault by compensating a distorted reference voltage. The effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis and tolerant control methods are verified through experimental results.

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49

Grigoryev, M. A., A. N. Gorozhankin, S. I. Kinas, and E. V. Belousov. "Dynamic parameters of active rectifiers." Russian Electrical Engineering 85, no. 10 (October 2014): 638–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068371214100083.

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50

DUDKIN, M. M., V. A. KUSHNAREV, and M. A. GRIGORIEV. "Synchronization devices for active rectifiers." Elektrotekhnika, no. 2 (2022): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.53891/00135860_2022_2_22.

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