Дисертації з теми "Communicating Materials"

This thesis is intended to help eliminate misconceptions and missing information over the realm of smart materials, by offering a newly structured &lsquo
Information Hierarchy for Smart Materials Communication for Industrial / Product Design&rsquo
. Industrial and product designers are invited to use the findings of the thesis to assist in developing a common smart materials language and culture, enriched by details, technicalities, opportunities, and creative and innovative material attributes. The study commences with the creation of a concise and compact reservoir of technical knowledge on smart materials and critically contrasts two established systems of classification for smart materials. Then, the subject of materials information appropriate to industrial design is discussed, highlighting channels through which smart materials information may be communicated at an optimum level so as to be amenable to exploitation by industrial designers. A sectoral analysis of smart materials use follows, including the presentation of factors that may hinder their more extensive exploitation in major industrial sectors. v The thesis concludes that smart materials have potential to initiate a breakthrough in the materials universe, and that industrial designers have a role in promoting smart materials knowledge, the capabilities of smart materials, and their innovation possibilities. It is recomended that since smart materials are a new generation of materials quite different from the conventional, they be promoted carefully through the proposed Information Hierarchy.

The work herein described aimed to create tools to investigate self-assembly of compartments and how these compartments might be used in concert to produce synergistic effects in a prebiotic setting, to further our understanding of the transition from non-living to living matter. This could be described as research into the Origins of Life, or could also be framed in understanding how building the complexity of soft matter systems and taking a population, or systems, -view can yield exciting emergent group behaviours.

The application of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for the numerical analysis of complex electromagnetic problems related to wireless communications is considered. Since exact solutions to many complex electromagnetic problems are difficult, if not impossible, the FDTD method is well suited to modelling a wide range of electromagnetic problems. Structures considered include single and twin-slot antennas for millimetre-wave applications, monopole antennas on mobile handsets and chokes for the suppression of currents on coaxial cables. Memory efficient techniques were implemented for the split-field perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition. The frequency-domain far-field transformations were used for the calculation of far-field radiation patterns. Dipole, slot and mobile handset antenna benchmark problems verified the accuracy of the FDTD implementation. The application of slot antennas for millimetre-wave imaging arrays was investigated. An optimal feed network for an offset-fed single-slot antenna was designed for the X band with numerical and experimental results in excellent agreement. A twin-slot antenna structure reduced surface wave coupling by 7.6 dB in the substrate between coplanar waveguide-fed slot antenna elements in a planar array. The reduction of substrate surface waves for the twin-slot antenna allows for closer element spacings with less radiation pattern degradation in array applications. Suppression techniques for currents flowing on the exterior surface of coaxial cables were investigated. These include the use of ferrite beads and a quarter-wave sleeve balun. The frequency dependent behaviour of ferrite based chokes showed highly resonant effects which resulted in less than 5 dB of isolation at the resonant frequencies of the bead. An analysis of air-gaps between the ferrite bead and cable are shown to be extremely detrimental in the isolation characteristics of ferrite bead chokes. An air-gap of 0.5 mm can reduce the isolation effectiveness of a bead by 20 dB. The first rigorous analysis of a quarter-wave sleeve balun is presented, enabling an optimal choke design for maximum isolation. A standard 0.25[symbols] sleeve balun achieved 10.9 dB isolation with [symbols]=4, whereas a choke of optimal length 0.232[symbols] had an isolation of better than -20 dB. Several techniques for the measurement of antenna characteristics of battery powered handsets were compared and perturbation effects associated with the direct connection of a coaxial cable to a mobile handset was quantified. Significant perturbation in both return loss and radiation pattern can occur depending on cable location on the handset chassis. The effectiveness of ferrite chokes in any location was marginal. However, the application of an optimal quarter-wave sleeve balun in the centre of the largest plane of the handset, orthogonal to the primary polarisation resulted in minimal perturbation of both radiation patterns and return loss.

The application of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for the numerical analysis of complex electromagnetic problems related to wireless communications is considered. Since exact solutions to many complex electromagnetic problems are difficult, if not impossible, the FDTD method is well suited to modelling a wide range of electromagnetic problems. Structures considered include single and twin-slot antennas for millimetre-wave applications, monopole antennas on mobile handsets and chokes for the suppression of currents on coaxial cables. Memory efficient techniques were implemented for the split-field perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition. The frequency-domain far-field transformations were used for the calculation of far-field radiation patterns. Dipole, slot and mobile handset antenna benchmark problems verified the accuracy of the FDTD implementation. The application of slot antennas for millimetre-wave imaging arrays was investigated. An optimal feed network for an offset-fed single-slot antenna was designed for the X band with numerical and experimental results in excellent agreement. A twin-slot antenna structure reduced surface wave coupling by 7.6 dB in the substrate between coplanar waveguide-fed slot antenna elements in a planar array. The reduction of substrate surface waves for the twin-slot antenna allows for closer element spacings with less radiation pattern degradation in array applications. Suppression techniques for currents flowing on the exterior surface of coaxial cables were investigated. These include the use of ferrite beads and a quarter-wave sleeve balun. The frequency dependent behaviour of ferrite based chokes showed highly resonant effects which resulted in less than 5 dB of isolation at the resonant frequencies of the bead. An analysis of air-gaps between the ferrite bead and cable are shown to be extremely detrimental in the isolation characteristics of ferrite bead chokes. An air-gap of 0.5 mm can reduce the isolation effectiveness of a bead by 20 dB. The first rigorous analysis of a quarter-wave sleeve balun is presented, enabling an optimal choke design for maximum isolation. A standard 0.25[symbols] sleeve balun achieved 10.9 dB isolation with [symbols]=4, whereas a choke of optimal length 0.232[symbols] had an isolation of better than -20 dB. Several techniques for the measurement of antenna characteristics of battery powered handsets were compared and perturbation effects associated with the direct connection of a coaxial cable to a mobile handset was quantified. Significant perturbation in both return loss and radiation pattern can occur depending on cable location on the handset chassis. The effectiveness of ferrite chokes in any location was marginal. However, the application of an optimal quarter-wave sleeve balun in the centre of the largest plane of the handset, orthogonal to the primary polarisation resulted in minimal perturbation of both radiation patterns and return loss.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Microelectronic Engineering
Full Text

In this dissertation, liquid crystal materials and devices are investigated in meeting the challenges for photonics and communications applications. The first part deals with polymer-stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC) materials and devices. Three polymer-stabilized liquid crystal systems are developed for optical communications. The second part reports the experimental investigation of a novel liquid-crystal-infiltrated photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and explores its applications in fiber-optic communications. The curing temperature is found to have significant effects on the PSLC performance. The electro-optic properties of nematic polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) at different curing temperatures are investigated experimentally. At high curing temperature, a high contrast, low drive voltage, and small hysteresis PNLC is obtained as a result of the formed large LC micro-domains. With the help of curing temperature effect, it is able to develop PNLC based optical devices with highly desirable performances for optical communications. Such high performance is generally considered difficult to realize for a PNLC. In fact, the poor performance of PNLC, especially at long wavelengths, has hindered it from practical applications for optical communications for a long time. Therefore, the optimal curing temperature effect discovered in this thesis would enable PSLCs for practical industrial applications. Further more, high birefringence LCs play an important role for near infrared photonic devices. The isothiocyanato tolane liquid crystals exhibit a high birefringence and low viscosity. The high birefringence LC dramatically improves the PSLC contrast ratio while keeping a low drive voltage and fast response time. A free-space optical device by PNLC is experimentally demonstrated and its properties characterized. Most LC devices are polarization sensitive. To overcome this drawback, we have investigated the polymer-stabilized cholesteric LC (PSCLC). Combining the curing temperature effect and high birefringence LC, a polarization independent fiber-optical device is realized with over 30 dB attenuation, ~12 Vrms drive voltage and 11/28 milliseconds (rise/decay) response times. A polymer-stabilized twisted nematic LC (PS TNLC) is also proposed as a variable optical attenuator for optical communications. By using the polarization control system, the device is polarization independent. The polymer network in a PS TNLC not only results in a fast response time (0.9/9 milliseconds for rise/decay respectively), but also removes the backflow effect of TNLC which occurs in the high voltage regime.
Ph.D.
Other
Optics and Photonics
Optics

Orientador: Anna Paula Silva Gouveia
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T05:36:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Quattrer_Milena_M.pdf: 13017481 bytes, checksum: 7a1eb170e2c609135ce2bcc111f72ed5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
esumo: A presente dissertação de Mestrado tem como objetivo compreender o quanto a relação entre a cor e os outros elementos do infográfico interfere no processo de transmissão da informação e como os infográficos, publicados em jornais e revistas, contribuem para o aprimoramento daqueles destinados aos livros didáticos. Para tanto, realizei: o levantamento dos infográficos impressos, publicados em jornais e revistas, premiados nas edições 18, 19 e 20 dos 'Premios Internacionales Malofiej de Infografía¿, e dos infográficos impressos, publicados nos livros didáticos adotados através do 'Programa Nacional do Livro Didático¿ - 2011, nas disciplinas de Geografia, História e Ciências do ensino fundamental da EMEF CAIC 'Prof. Zeferino Vaz¿, localizada no município de Campinas/SP; entrevistas com os docentes responsáveis por essas disciplinas na unidade escolar e com membro do júri dos 'Premios Internacionales Malofiej de Infografía¿. Ademais, apresento, nesta dissertação, duas iniciativas de projeto, realizadas sob minha orientação, com alunos da EMEF CAIC 'Prof. Zeferino Vaz¿, sendo que uma delas, em especial, objetivou discutir a importância da informação, as formas de organizá-la e transmiti-la no contexto escolar e na sociedade, através do estímulo à pesquisa e à elaboração de infográficos. As reflexões geradas a partir das iniciativas de projetos realizados com os alunos, das análises dos infográficos e das entrevistas forneceram apontamentos importantes sobre o que pode ser aproveitado dos infográficos premiados para o aprimoramento dos que são destinados aos livros didáticos, em especial no uso da cor, e demonstraram como é importante proporcionar situações de ensino-aprendizagem, nas quais o aluno tenha a oportunidade de se apropriar dos códigos visuais e, consequentemente, ampliar sua cultura visual
Abstract: This research aims to understand how the relationship between color and other elements of the infographics interfere with the process of information transmission, and how infographics published in newspapers and magazines can contribute to improve the ones used in Schoolbooks. To achieve these goals, a survey of infographics printed in newspapers and magazines, which have won the 'Malofiej International Infographics Awards' in the 18th, 19th and 20th editions, and of infographics printed in Schoolbooks used in the EMEF CAIC ' Prof. Zeferino Vaz (Cam-pinas/SP/Brazil) elementary School for Geography, History and Science (these books were se-lected by a Federal Government Program "Programa Nacional do Livro Didático ¿ 2011¿) was made. Interviews with teachers responsible for the above-mentioned subjects and with the jury members of the 'Malofiej International Infographics Awards' were also performed. Furthermore, two projects under, my supervision, with the students of the above mentioned elementary school were also performed. The main goal of one of these projects was to discuss the importance of information and the ways to organize it and communicate it either in the school or in the society, encouraging the research and the development of infographics. The reflections generated after the projects undertaken with the elementary school students, analysis of infographics and interviews, provided important notes about what can be availed from the awarded infographics in order to improve the infographics made for the schoolbooks, especially in regards of the use of color. Finally, the present research demonstrated how important it is to provide teaching-learning situations in which the students have the opportunity to appropriate the visual codes and hence their visual culture
Mestrado
Artes Visuais
Mestra em Artes Visuais

Visible light communication (VLC) is a novel complement to Radio Frequency Communication (RFC) and has many applications in wireless communication, indoor positioning and where RFC is not applicable. The problem is that the technology is black-boxed and therefore hard to apply in today’s design process. For designers to be able to use VLC in their creative process, this study uses the Inspirational Bits approach to expose the materiality of VLC by asking the question: How can we design artefacts that allow designers to engage in a conversation with Visible Light Communication as a material? Through Constructive Design Research, the technology was studied in iterations by building prototypes and reflecting on them. The prototypes are evaluated in two design workshops through observation and gathered feedback from 11 participants. As a result, seven artefacts were constructed to expose seven potential material properties of VLC. The observations and collected feedback show also that the artefacts help designers to gain tacit knowledge about VLC. The artefacts use the Arduino platform and standard electrical components. A by-product of this study is the "lumoino" toolkit for tinkering and prototyping with VLC. Eventually, strengths and weaknesses are discussed, and future work sections show the potential extensions of the artefacts and expansions of the toolkit.
”Kommunikation med synligt ljus” (VLC) som ett design material är ett komplement till ”radio frekvens kommunikation” och har många applikationer inom trådlös kommunikation, Inomhuspositionering, och situationer där RFC inte är applicerbart. Problematiken med teknologi är att den ofta inte är synlig, och därför är svår att inkludera i dagens design processer. För att designers ska kunna använda sig av VLC i deras kreativa process, utgår denna studie från ”Inspirational Bits” förhållningsätt till design, och ämnar utforska följande frågeställning: Hur kan vi designa artefakter som tillåter designers att engagera sig i en konversation med ”kommunikation med synligt ljus” (VLC) som ett design material? Genom ”konstruktiv designforskning”, studerades prototyper av teknologin följt av analys. Processen upprepades med ett flertal modeller. Prototyperna utvärderades i två design-workshops, genom observation av och respons från 11 deltagare. Som resultat, byggdes sju stycken artefakter för att belysa sju stycken potentiella materiella egenskaper av VLC. Observationerna och den samlade responsen visade också att artefakterna hjälpte designers att få taktil kunskap om VLC. Artefakterna baserades på ”the Arduino Platform” och elektriska standard komponenter. En biprodukt av denna studie är ”the lumoino toolkit for tinkering and prototyping with VLC”. Eventuella styrkor och svagheter diskuteras och stycket framtida arbete visar potentiella utvecklingar och expantioner av ”the lumoino toolkit”.

Tesis por compendio
[ES] La presente tesis doctoral se centra en el diseño, síntesis y caracterización de varios nanodispositivos híbridos orgánico-inorgánicos, utilizando como soporte nanopartículas de sílice mesoporosa equipadas con enzimas y puertas moleculares, los cuales muestran capacidades comunicativas además de la evaluación de diferentes estrategias de comunicación. El primer capítulo incluye un resumen de diferentes conceptos sobre los que se fundamentan los estudios realizados tales como nanotecnología, materiales de sílice mesoporosa, materiales con puertas moleculares que reaccionan a estímulos específicos, partículas Janus y biocomputación. Finalmente, se incluyen conceptos básicos acerca de la comunicación química, materiales y estrategias empleados hasta ahora y ejemplos representativos. A continuación, en el segundo capítulo, se presentan los objetivos generales de esta tesis doctoral que son abordados en los siguientes capítulos experimentales. El tercer capítulo muestra un sistema de biocomputación para liberación basado en nanopartículas Janus de oro-sílice mesoporosa capaces de comunicarse con el entorno procesando la información e imitando la función lógica booleana propia de un demultiplexer y que resulta en la liberación controlada de la carga. Se muestra que dicho nanodispositivo puede llevar a cabo sus funciones en medios complejos como en células cancerígenas. En el cuarto capítulo, se presenta un modelo circular de comunicación dentro de una red de tres nanopartículas diferentes basado en el intercambio jerárquicamente programado de mensajes químicos. La parte mesoporosa del nanodispositivo 1 (S1βgal) es cargada con la especie fluorescente [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 y tapada con cadenas de oligo(etilenglicol) que contienen puentes disulfuro y que funcionan como puertas moleculares, mientras que la enzima β-galactosidasa es unida a la parte del oro. En la nanopartícula 2 (S2galox), la enzima galactosa oxidasa es inmovilizada en la cara del oro mientras que la sílice mesoporosa es cargada con 4-(bromometil)benzoato de metilo y los poros tapados con un derivado de arilboronato autoinmolante sensible a H2O2 que forma un complejo huéspedanfitrión con β-ciclodextrina. Finalmente, el nanodispositivo 3 (S3est) es funcionalizado con la enzima esterasa en la parte del oro, cargada con la especie reductora hidroclururo de tris(2-carboxietil)fosfina (TCEP) en la parte mesoporosa y tapada con una nanoválvula supramolecular que responde a pH (βciclodextrina:benzimidazol). En el quinto capítulo, se muestra un modelo interactivo de comunicación química entre una nanopartícula Janus abiótica y un organismo vivo (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). En particular, el nanodispositivo está basado en nanopartículas funcionalizadas con glucosa oxidasa en la parte del oro, cargadas con el genotóxico fleomicina y tapadas con la puerta molecular sensible a pH (βciclodextrina:benzimidazol). El microorganismo usado en el estudio es una levadura modificada que expresa GFP bajo el control del promotor del gen RNR3; la transcripción de dicho gen es inducida con la exposición a agentes que dañan el ADN. La ruta de comunicación interactiva empieza con la adición de sacarosa (estímulo de entrada) la cual es hidrolizada en glucosa por la invertasa localizada en el espacio periplásmico de las levaduras y que difunde al nanodispositivo donde es trasformada en el correspondiente ácido por la glucosa oxidasa de la parte del oro. La bajada local de pH da lugar a la apertura de la nanoválvula sensible a pH del nanovehículo y con ello a la liberación de fleomicina (mensaje de vuelta) que induce la expresión de GFP (señal de salida) en las levaduras. En el sexto capítulo, proponemos una estrategia para establecer una comunicación lineal entre dos microorganismos diferentes que no interactúan entre ellos mediada por un nanodispositivo que actúa como traductor químico. Finalmente, las conclusiones generales de la presente tesis doctoral son expuestas en el capítulo siete. El estudio de las capacidades comunicativas de los nanodispositivos mesoporosos funcionalizados con enzimas permite la construcción de estrategias de cooperación entre diferentes entidades que permiten funcionalidades que van más allá que aquellas llevadas a cabo por agentes individuales.
[CA] La present tesi doctoral es centra en el disseny, síntesi i caracterització de diversos nanodispositius híbrids orgànic-inorgànics, utilitzant com a suport nanopartícules de sílice mesoporosa equipades amb enzims i portes moleculars, i que mostren capacitats comunicatives a més de l’avaluació de diferents estratègies de comunicació. El primer capítol inclou un resum de diferents conceptes sobre els quals es fonamenten els estudis realitzats com ara nanotecnologia, materials de sílice mesoporosa, materials amb portes moleculars que reaccionen a estímuls específics, partícules Janus i biocomputació. Finalment, s’inclouen conceptes bàsics sobre la comunicació química, materials i estratègies utilitzades fins ara i exemples representatius. A continuació, en el segon capítol, es presenten els objectius generals d’aquesta tesi doctoral que són abordats en els següents capítols experimentals. El tercer capítol mostra un sistema de biocomputació per alliberament basat en nanopartícules Janus d’or-sílice mesoporosa capaços de comunicar-se amb l’entorn processant la informació i imitant la funció lògica booleana pròpia d’un demultiplexer i que resulta en l’alliberament controlat de la càrrega. Es mostra que aquest nanodispositiu pot dur a terme les seves funcions en mitjans complexos com en cèl·lules canceroses. En el quart capítol, es presenta un model circular de comunicació dins d’una xarxa de tres nanopartícules diferents basat en l’intercanvi jeràrquicament programat de missatges químics. La part mesoporosa del nanodispositiu 1 (S1βgal) es carrega amb l’espècie fluorescent [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 i es tapa amb cadenes d’oligo(etilenglicol) que contenen ponts disulfur i que funcionen com portes moleculars, mentre que l’enzim β-galactosidasa s’immobilitza a la part de l’or. A la nanopartícula 2 (S2galox), l’enzim galactosa oxidasa s’immobilitza a la cara de l’or mentre que la sílice mesoporosa es carrega amb 4-(bromometil)benzoat de metil i els porus són tapats amb un derivat d’arilboronat autoimmolant sensible a H2O2 que forma un complex hoste-amfitrió amb β-ciclodextrina. Finalment, el nanodispositu 3 (S3est) es funcionalitza amb l’enzim esterasa en la part de l’or, es carrega amb l’espècie reductora hidroclurur de tris (2-carboxietil) fosfina (TCEP) a la part mesoporosa i es tapa amb una nanoválvula supramolecular que respon a pH (β-ciclodextrina:benzimidazol). En el cinqué capítol, es mostra un model interactiu de comunicació química entre una nanopartícula Janus abiòtica i un organisme viu (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). En particular, el nanodispositiu està basat en nanopartícules funcionalitzades amb glucosa oxidasa en la part de l’or, carregades amb el genotòxic fleomicina i tapades amb la porta molecular sensible a pH (βciclodextrina:benzimidazol). El microorganisme utilitzat en l’estudi és un rent modificat que expressa GFP sota el control del promotor del gen RNR3; la transcripció d’aquest gen és induïda amb l’exposició a agents que danyen l’ADN. La ruta de comunicació interactiva comença amb l’addició de sacarosa (estímul d’entrada) la qual és hidrolitzada en glucosa per la invertasa localitzada en l’espai periplasmàtic dels rents i que difon al nanodispositiu on és transformada en el corresponent àcid per la glucosa oxidasa de la part de l’or. La baixada local de pH dona lloc a l’obertura de la nanoválvula sensible a pH del nanovehicle i amb això l’alliberament de fleomicina (missatge de tornada) que indueix l’expressió de GFP (senyal de sortida) en el rent. En el sisé capítol, proposem una estratègia per establir una comunicació lineal entre dos microorganismes diferents que no interactuen entre ells facilitada per un nanodispositiu que actua com a traductor químic. Finalment, les conclusions generals de la present tesi doctoral són exposades en el capítol set. L’estudi de les capacitats comunicatives dels nanodispositius mesoporosos funcionalitzats amb enzims permet la construcció d’estratègies de cooperació entre diferents entitats que permeten funcionalitats que van més enllà que aquelles dutes a terme per agents individuals. Esperem que els resultats obtinguts inspiren aplicacions futures en diferents àrees com ara biomedicina, nanorobots, materials que imiten la naturalesa i tecnologies de la informació.
[EN] This PhD Thesis is focused on the design, synthesis and characterization of several hybrid organic-inorganic nanodevices using mesoporous silica nanoparticles equipped with enzymes and molecular gates which display communication capabilities as well as the design and evaluation of different communication strategies. The first chapter includes an overview of the different concepts which lay the foundations of the presented studies such as nanotechnology, mesoporous silica materials, stimuli-responsive gated materials, Janus particles and biocomputing. Basic concepts of chemical communication, materials and enabling technologies employed so far and representative examples in this field are also included. Next, in the second chapter, the general objectives of this PhD Thesis that are addressed in the following experimental chapters are presented. The third chapter shows a biocomputing delivery system based on Janus gold-mesoporous silica nanoparticles capable of chemically communicating with the environment and processing the information mimicking a demultiplexer Boolean logic function which results in a programmed cargo release. Finally, it is shown that such nanodevice is operative in complex media such as cancer cells. In the fourth chapter, it is presented a circular model of communication within a network of three different nanoparticles based on the hierarchically programmed exchange of chemical messages. The mesoporous face of nanodevice 1 (S1βgal) is loaded with the fluorescent dye [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 and capped with disulfidecontaining oligo(ethylene glycol) chains acting as gatekeepers, whereas the enzyme β-galactosidase is attached to the gold face. In nanoparticle 2 (S2galox), the enzyme galactose oxidase is immobilized on the Au face, while the mesoporous silica is loaded with methyl 4-(bromomethyl)benzoate and the mesopores capped with a H2O2-sensitive self-immolative arylboronate derivative which forms a host-guest complex with β-cyclodextrin. Finally, the nanodevice 3 (S3est) is functionalized with the enzyme esterase on the Au face, loaded with the reductive species tris(2- carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) in the mesoporous face and capped with a pH-responsive supramolecular nanovalve (β-cyclodextrin:benzimidazole). In the fifth chapter, it is showed an interactive model of chemical communication between an abiotic Janus nanoparticle and a living organism (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). In particular, the nanodevice is based on Janus goldmesoporous silica nanoparticles functionalized with glucose oxidase on the Au face, loaded with the genotoxin phleomycin and capped with a pH-responsive (βcyclodextrin:benzimidazole) gatekeeper. The microorganism used in the studies is an engineered budding yeast that expresses GFP under the control of the RNR3 promoter; RNR3 gene transcription is induced upon exposure to DNA-damaging agents. The interactive communication pathway starts with the addition of sucrose (input) which is hydrolyzed into glucose by invertase located in periplasmic space of yeasts and diffuses to the nanodevice where it is transformed into the corresponding acid by glucose oxidase on the Au face. The local drop in pH leads to uncapping of the pH-sensitive nanovalve in the nanocarrier and the release of phleomycin (feedback messenger) that induces GFP expression (output) in yeasts. In the sixth chapter, we propose a strategy to establish linear communication between two different non-interacting microorganisms mediated by a nanodevice which acts as a chemical “nanotranslator”. Finally, the general conclusions from this PhD Thesis are presented in chapter seven. The study of communication capabilities of enzyme-functionalized mesoporous nanodevices enables the construction of strategies of cooperation between different entities allowing sophisticated functionalities that go beyond those carried out by individual agents. We hope that the obtained results inspire future applications in different areas such as biomedicine, nanorobots, life-like materials and information technologies.
The authors wish to thank the Spanish Government (projects RTI2018-100910-B-C41 and RTI2018-101599-B-C22 (MCUI/AEI/FEDER, UE), CTQ2017-87954-P), the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO 2018/024), the Comunidad de Madrid (IND2017/BMD7642) and CIBER-BBN (NANOCOMMUNITY project) for support.
De Luis Fernández, B. (2021). Development of enzyme-functionalized hybrid mesoporous nanodevices for advanced chemical communication [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/171506
TESIS
Compendio

Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 121-128).
Fibers and fabrics are among the earliest forms of human expression, and yet they have not progressed much from a functional standpoint over the course of history. Recently, a new family of fibers composed of conductors, semiconductors and insulators has emerged. These fibers can achieve device attributes, yet are fabricated using scalable preform-based fiber-processing methods, yielding kilometers of functional fiber devices. Co-draw of different materials is possible for numerous material combinations and sizes, where one of the limiting factors to a continuous feature size in fibers is the Rayleigh-Plateau capillary instability. In my thesis I have shown that it is possible to utilize this adverse fluid instability phenomenon to fabricate uniformly sized and uniformly structured spherical particles internal to the fibers. Judicial choice of the materials and control over the kinetics of this process allowed to integrate the spherical particles into an active fiber device. We have introduced additional ability to control the structure of the fiber by making this process selective, forming high density array of self-assembled spherical photodetectors, connected to continuous electrodes. This fiber structure shows enhanced photoconductivity and sensitivity to wavelength variation, due to spherical geometry of the photoresistive domains. Additionally, an alternative strategy for integrating active devices into fibers was demonstrated. Rather than addressing all the challenges of thermal drawing, we have developed a method to directly integrate commercial functional devices (light emitting diodes, photodetectors etc.) into fibers through thermal drawing. We package these devices internal to the fibers in high density and integrate them with conductive buses, during the thermal draw. This approach enables to combine the benefits of several technologies - high-efficiency devices integrated into kilometer long fibers, which could be weaved into highly functional fabrics. Endowing fibers with active devices will potentially establish a new generation of multifunctional fibers, with highly desired electronic properties. For example, flexible and resilient light emitting fibers could be integrated into textiles to enable covert, optical signal transmission from the soldier uniform to the external world, or high bandwidth photodetectors could be embedded into garments to allow high volume information reception via LiFi (WiFi through light).
by Michael Rein.
Ph. D.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed Mar. 13, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

The novel Ga(NAsP)-based semiconductors have recently grown in popularity due to applications such as development of energy efficient long-term stable semiconductor lasers on silicon substrates for optical computing applications. GaAsSb-based active materials have also recently been extensively investigated for the development of temperature stable uncooled semiconductor lasers for 1.3 !-lm optical communications applications. Electrical injection lasing operation at room temperature (RT) is demonstrated in Ga(NAsP) / GaP quantum well (QW) lasers with a threshold current density, J th of 4 kA/ cm2 at the lasing wavelength of 981 nm: From temperature dependence measurements we find that the threshold current is dominated by non-radiative recombination process(es), which account for at least 92% of Jth at RT. The characteristic temp_erature, To (TI) is measured to be ~104K (~99K) around 200K, which drops to ~58K (~37K) aroundRT. Hydrostatic pressure measurements reveal a strong increase in threshold current with increasing pressure. This . implies that current leakage dominates carrier recombination, which is also responsible for their low characteristic temperatures, To and TI at RT. The band-structure properties of novel BxGal_xP alloys are also investigated. These layers are utilized as strain-compensating layers for the lattice-matched integration of Ga(NAsP) . quantum well lasers on an exact (001) silicon substrate. Experimental and-theoretical studies reveal the dependence of the direct and indirect band gaps for strained BxGal_xP layers grown on silicon as a function of Boron composition from which we derive the properties of free- standing BxGal_xP' For Boron fractions up to 6%. We find that the bowing parameter for the lowest (indirect) band gap is -6.2±0.2 eV. High crystalline quality and promising optical material properties are demonstrated and applied to monolithically integrated Ga(NAsP) / (BGa)P multi-quantum well heterostructures on (001) silicon substrates. Electrical injection lasing operation is demonstrated for the first time up to 165K in Ga(NAsP) / (BGa)P QW lasers monolithically integrated on a (001) silicon substrate. The devices show aJth of 1.6 kA/ cm' at the lasing wavelength of 860 nm at 165 K. The To (TI) in the devices is ~198K (~99K) at 100 K;decreasing to ~73K (~35 K) at 165 K. Temperature dependence of the "Z" analysis shows that Zth increases from 1.7 at 40 K to 2.3 at 165 K. The value of Zth < 2 at low temperatures signifies that the monomolecular (defect) current contribution at threshold in these devices is significant. The non-radiative contribution accounts for ~ 83% (of which at least ~40% is monomolecular recombination) of Jth even at a low temperature of 165K. It is proposed that defects originate due to the non-optimized miscut angle of the silicon substrate and due to diffusion of Nitrogen from active region to the barrier regions. A strong increase in Jth with increasing pressure at 165K suggests the presence of, carrier leakage. The temperature and press~e dependence of Jth for GaAsSb/GaAs QW lasers with different device characteristics are investigated. Thermally activated carrier leakage via defects is observed in the GaAsSb/GaAs QW devices. Devices grown under optimal conditions reduce the nonradiative recombination mechanism from 93% to 76% at RT, compared with a device grown under non-optimized conditions. This improvement in carrier recombination mechanisms leads to a large improvement in the Jth from 533 Acm-2/QW to 138 Acm-2/QW and the characteristic temperature, To (TI) from ~51K (~104K) to ~62K (~138K) near RT.

This thesis is the culmination of five years of communication design research (2006 – 2010) on a specific area of healthcare—breast cancer detection and screening. It is a project-­‐based doctoral work, underpinned by a practice-­‐led research journey of a graphic designer. The result is this written thesis with an accompanying set of uniquely designed objects: • a series of posters on breast cancer detection • an educational leaflet and risk assessment form • a series of working website prototypes (see worldwidebreastcancer.com) This thesis offers an in-­‐depth case study that demonstrates and contextualises the need for using communication design in patient engagement and education efforts in order to create a more patient-­‐centred experience in breast cancer detection. The significant contributions of this thesis are: • the development of a human-­‐centred design thinking methodology, known as the ‘USER’ model, which helps a designer develop a product for use within a system in an iterative, intuitive and analytical way. This is the first design thinking model of its kind to embed a framework for analysing objects within a systems framework; • the production and testing of visual metaphor, which was found to improve patient literacy and confidence. The significance of this has been to increase the potential for symptoms to be reported early and decrease mortality rates; • a map illustrating the patient journey of breast cancer screening that illustrates roles, communications and detection activities. This has been developed for general practices and imaging centres in a visually clear and distinct way; • a risk assessment tool that encourages doctors and patients to engage in collaborative decision-­‐making in the planning of breast cancer screening activities. Finally, the work presented here has profound implications for future studies of patient engagement and health literacy in breast cancer detection. The research journey, findings and objects in this thesis may lead to improved patient communication experiences and decreased mortality in breast cancer. This thesis also acts as a model for exploring and developing design solutions for other health causes.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 178-194).
Integrated optoelectronics has shown exciting promise for high speed optical communication systems. For better system performance and lower cost, monolithic optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEICs) are highly desirable. A novel optoelectronic integration technology for high performance OEICs was proposed and partially developed and termed Aligned Pillar Bonding (APB) process. The work began with applying GaAs-based Epitaxy-on-Electronics (EoE) technology to integrate matched pairs of 1.55 micron InGaAs photodetectors with high speed GaAs electronics, which requires the direct growth of InGaAs on lattice-mismatched GaAs substrates using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). A customized OEIC chip was designed and fabricated. Lattice-mismatched MBE growth was studied and InGaAs photodetectors on GaAs were produced using the relaxed buffer growth. However, the device performance and uniformity deteriorated significantly from those on lattice-matched InP substrates, and thus unsuitable for high speed OEICs. Aligned pillar bonding (APB) process was hence proposed. APB integrates lattice mismatched materials using aligned, selective area wafer bonding at reduced temperature. The photonic device structures are grown on their lattice matched substrates under optimal growth condition. These structures are patterned into pillars, aligned and bonded into the designated wells on the electronic chips. Subsequent substrate removal and device fabrication results in high density OEICs. 1.55 micron InGaAs photodetectors on GaAs were demonstrated using reduced temperature Pd-assisted wafer bonding, resulting in superior device performance. While the conventional dry etching techniques are impractical to pattern the desired deep pillars, electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) enhanced reactive ion etching (RIE) of InP using chlorine/helium chemistry has been developed, resulting in fast, deep, smooth, and highly anisotropic etching at room temperature. The etching characteristics have been calibrated for both InP and GaAs. Fast etching of InGaP, InAlAs, AlAs, and GaP has also been demonstrated. The etched pillars were subsequently bonded onto a OEIC chip, and initial study of small area pillar to well bonding was performed. APB allows independent optimization of both photonics and electronics for OEIC integration, inherits the wealth of the existing electronics industry, maintains good planarization and high density, permits low parasitics and high performance, and is naturally compatible with large scale manufacturing.
by Hao Wang.
Ph.D.

Many museums in the United Kingdom house fabulous collections of Chinese ceramics. These objects demonstrate, on the one hand, how craftsmen, connoisseurs and literati users made tactile contact with the object in the cultural context of traditional China and, on the other hand, reveal the interesting processes by which they were collected, adopted into museum culture and have created new meanings for British museum visitors. However, I argue that these objects are generally silent, because museum interpretation tends to reduce their materiality to visual narration, confining their interactions with visitors to the detached and static. This research aims to transform and animate object-human relationship through the development of an interpretive model highlighting sensory experiences, aesthetic sensibilities and reflective understanding. The proposed model outlines three interpretive principles - emphatic responses, metaphorical associations and multi-sensory designs - that define the object as an active enterprise embodying sensuous and emotive experiences of the past. In addition, it advocates a tactile mode of looking that empowers objects to speak of human experiences through their perceptual qualities while encouraging visitors to undergo self-discovery journeys in connection with the work. To ground my theory within a practical museum context, I examined visitors' interpretive strategies and conducted a series of interpretive experiments, involving Chinese material culture, at the Bristol City Museum (BCM) and the Museum of East Asian Art at Bath (MEAA). Informed by visitors' responses and my theoretical construction, these experiments aimed to develop a dynamic mode of object-human communication in exhibitions and to expand the scope of museum experiences. In relation to professional museum concerns with diversity and accessibility, it is contended that a sensuous theory of material culture will explore diverse voices embodied by the objects and contribute to the development of a truly communicative and inclusive culture in museums.

The research described in this thesis reports on a 10-month quantitative/qualitative classroom-based study, carried out at a Japanese university, investigating the potential of authentic materials to develop learners’ communicative competence. It was hypothesised that the ‘richer’ input provided by authentic materials, combined with appropriate awareness-raising activities, would be better able to develop a range of communicative competencies in learners (linguistic, pragmalinguistic, sociopragmatic, strategic and discourse competences). Ninety-two 2nd year English major students, of similar proficiency levels, were assigned to either a control or experimental group for the period of the trial. The control group received input from two textbooks commonly used in Japanese universities, while the experimental group received input from authentic materials (films, documentaries, ‘reality shows’, TV comedies, web-based sources, home-produced video of native speakers, songs, novels and newspaper articles), designed to allow students to ‘notice’ features of the discourse which could help them develop some aspect of their communicative competence. The hypothesis was tested with a batch of eight pre/postcourse measures, designed to tap into different aspects of learners’ communicative competence or language skills: a) Listening; b) Pronunciation; c) ‘C’-Test; d) Grammar; e) Vocabulary; f) Discourse completion task (DCT); g) IELTS oral interview; h) Student-student role-play. These were supported with qualitative results from learners’ diaries, case-study interviews with subjects from both groups and transcripts of classroom interaction. Univariate analysis of the pre/post-course tests, using ANCOVA, indicated statistically significant differences between the two treatment groups, with the experimental group out-performing the control group in five of the eight communicative competence measures. The qualitative results of the trial helped to account for these differences in performance, suggesting that the authentic materials, and their associated tasks, allowed learners to notice a wider range of discourse features than those generally available in textbook input. They also indicated a clear preference in the experimental group for authentic materials over textbooks, suggesting that learners found them more interesting, varied and challenging, and better able to meet their perceived future language needs. Finally, the qualitative results demonstrated that, for learners, social goals often override instructional goals in the classroom, suggesting that classroom-based research benefits from both an emic and etic perspective in order to fully account for results.

Orientadores: Jose Carlos Paes de Almeida Filho, Brian Tomlinson
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: O objetivo, deste trabalho, foi estudar o processo de composição de um material didático em abordagem comunicacional para um curso de PLE (de 35-40 horas). O material foi construído com o propósito de propiciar momentos de uso de língua na comunicação, por meio de conteúdos da formação social e histórica da população brasileira. A ênfase deste estudo situou-se no entendimento da concepção de produção da autora, ou seja, no que ¿fez acontecer¿ certas ações na sala de aula, numa tentativa de explicitar os conhecimentos formais e informais envolvidos na produção de textos e atividades. A primeira versão desse material surgiu em trabalho de Mestrado (1994-1996) e a segunda, no Doutorado (2004); ambas elaboradas para alunos que já possuíam um nível mínimo de proficiência, suficiente para interpretar e produzir textos versados sobre o tema escolhido. A curiosidade para produzir um material alicerçado em conhecimentos teóricos hoje disponíveis e investigar esse processo partiu da dificuldade de entender como ¿autores produzem livros¿. Dois eixos permearam a narrativa e discussão desse trabalho: um de avaliação de MD, que possibilitou explicitar os conhecimentos formais e informais envolvidos na produção do material, assim como as atitudes tomadas; e outro, de produção, que permitiu estudar como formas de ação foram criadas segundo aqueles conhecimentos. Acrescemos à pesquisa dados da implementação do material e informação coletada com sete outros autores acerca de suas concepções próprias em obras que produziram. A metodologia utilizada foi a da pesquisa-ação, cujo foco num primeiro momento foi a tomada de conscientização de aspectos que envolveram a produção daquele material, para depois associar as exigências sentidas, à mobilização de modificações em um nível do ¿fazer¿, superando empecilhos encontrados. Além de sinalizar conhecimentos significativos à produção de um material, os dados mostraram padrões comuns e singulares à gênese de nossa composição e à dos sete autores analisados. Os resultados permitiram-nos apontar possíveis fatores de sucesso à produção de novos materiais e destacar a necessidade de se obter clareza das reais funções do autor na produção de materiais-fonte e do professor na condução desses materiais nas aulas (já menos difusas) para poder direcionar ações tanto de produção de obras como de preparação à docência em abordagem comunicacional. Dessa forma, poderemos modificar antigos papéis acríticos de subordinação e dependência do professor aos textos e atividades propostos em livros e incentivar o desenvolvimento da requerida autonomia do professor e a tomada de risco para novas produções
Abstract: The objective of this thesis was to study the process implicated in the development of a textbook of Portuguese for foreigners, which was built in accordance with the principles of the communicative approach in language teaching and intended for a 35- to 40-hour course. The textbook was organized around six topics dealing with the social and historical scenery at the time of the discovery of Brazil, focusing mainly on the ethnic groups that have contributed to form today¿s Brazilian population. The material was planned for students at an intermediate level of language who had already acquired enough language knowledge to interpret and produce short texts about the chosen content. This research was partly an attempt to make explicit the formal and informal knowledge and attitudes involved in gathering texts and creating learning activities for our material, and also an attempt to discuss the difficulties encountered in applying theoretical knowledge in AL to the production of materials. There were two versions of the same book used in this study: a first version done during our Master¿s course (1994-1996) and a second one which came out reformulated in the PhD programme (2004). The research was motivated by our interest on understanding ¿how authors produce books¿ with the purpose to shed some light on the production of materials based on recent theoretical knowledge. The methodology used for this study was the action-research through which we gained consciousness of many aspects involved in the process of producing textbooks. Some data collected from piloting the material in class relevant to the materials¿ design, was added to the research, plus data from interviews which we conducted with seven authors who talked about their own conceptions on producing textbooks. Besides signalizing some relevant aspects of our conception of production in the two versions of the same book, this study showed the common and distinctive patterns of the genesis of composing textbooks by different authors. The results pointed to possible factors of success in producing materials for PFL and made salient the necessity of obtaining clarification of the real role of the authors when producing support materials and of teachers when they apply them in class. Thus we direct actions not only to the production of textbooks in the communicative approach, but also to teacher¿s education. We hope that this research can help teachers reflect on ways to modify old roles of dependence on textbooks and encourage the development of their autonomy and attitudes of the risk taking needed for teacher¿s actions to be performed in alignment with this approach
Doutorado
Lingua Estrangeira
Doutor em Linguística Aplicada

O objeto de estudo da tese foi a comunicação pública procedente do Ministério da Saúde e direcionada à população da terceira idade que utiliza os serviços das unidades de saúde, especificamente na cidade de São Paulo; bem como entender as atitudes constitutivas da população idosa que a recebeu. Para tanto examinamos a trajetória, desde seu planejamento até a sua recepção, da cartilha Viver Mais e Melhor. Nossas metas foram analisar a forma e o conteúdo do instrumento; sua adequação ao público alvo; avaliar qualitativamente a efetividade do conteúdo informativo da publicação para o idoso usuário das unidades públicas de saúde e, também, identificar que mídias são consideradas importantes na transmissão de informações sobre saúde, na visão do público alvo, dos técnicos de comunicação e dos técnicos de saúde. Os resultados indicam que a seleção da mídia e os modos de produção da cartilha, pelo Ministério da Saúde, seguiram procedimentos recomendados na Política de Saúde do Idoso. O órgão, em decorrência de precária pesquisa, não considerou adequadamente as especificidades do receptor, ao escolher a forma e o conteúdo das mensagens com o objetivo de contribuir para a melhoria de saúde e qualidade de vida; mas a recepção pelo idoso foi adequada, apesar dessa mídia não ser a preferida desse grupo etário.
This thesis research examines public communications carried out by the Ministry of Health targeted to the elderly population that utilizes health services in the city of São Paulo and the attitude in response to the communications of the receiving elderly population. Specifically studied was the progression from the planning process to receipt of the booklet Viver Mais e Melhor (Live Better and Longer). Our goals were to analyze the form and the content of the instrument; its suitability for the target public; qualitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the informative content of the publication for the elderly who use public health services, as well as identify the media that was considered important for the transmission of information about health, according to the vision of the target public, communications experts and health service staff. Results indicate that the selection of media and the production of the booklet by the Ministry of Health followed procedures in accordance with elderly health policy. Because of inadequate research, the organization did not adequately consider the preferences of the receiver in the choice of form and content of messages intended to contribute to improved health and quality of life. However reception by elderly was adequate, in spite of the fact that the media was not the preferred choice of this age group.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the course Eng 311, Advanced Communication Skills, offered by the Department of Modern Languages at Middle East Technical University. To fulfill this aim two questionnaires were designed to be administered to 198 out of 923 students taking this course, one at the beginning of the term and the other at the end of the term. What is more, another questionnaire was designed to be e-mailed to 114 graduate students who took this course before they graduated. In addition, a different version of the questionnaires was designed to be administered to 22 instructors teaching this course. Later, five of these instructors were also interviewed by the researcher. In this way, all these participants&rsquo
opinions about the objectives, materials and the assessment in Eng 311 were identified. The quantitative data gathered from the questionnaires were analysed by conducting t-tests, ANOVA tests and chi-square tests. The qualitative data gathered fro the open-ended questions in the questionnaires and the interviews were analysed by content analysis by the researcher. The results of the study revealed that the participants were satisfied with the course. Most of the objectives of the course were considered as important by most for the participants. As regard the materials, although there were some complaints about some parts of the textbook, it was considered as effective as a whole. The type of materials that were rated the lowest were CDs and videos. As for the assessment, it was revealed by the results that there were some problems regarding standardization in the department, and the breakdown of points. In addition to these, some instructors also complained that the time allotted to the components of this lesson was not sufficient.

Hypotheses on the efficiency of evidence-based printed materials can be directed by health communication concepts. These concepts can provide a general framework that goes beyond the traditional vulgarization point of view: instead, it points towards a strategy to obtain health outcomes and provoke behavior change, from a disease prevention, management and health promotion perspective. The present study proposes a comprehensive framework based on concepts from health risk communication, Tarde's theory of social values, usability, readability and plain language. Using the mapping approach, an evaluation grid was applied to printed evidence-based materials with proven effectiveness, in order to reveal the underlying strategy and isolate the characteristics of effective materials. The results allowed us to define two types of printed evidence-based materials, according to the robustness of the evidence they contain and the target audience. It was also possible to identify indicators of notions that are translated into operationalized items, frequent in those materials that might be responsible for their efficiency: clear purpose of the documents, limited scope, learning motivation and correspondence to the logic, experience and language of readers. Effectiveness of printed evidence-based materials could also be correlated to numeracy, objectiveness, standard definitions, constant timeframes and denominators, risks enumerated in order of importance, effective response, and high degree of threat, urgency, novelty and visibility of the disease. It was also possible to identify some missing communication concepts: cultural diversity, narrative, increased easiness of procedures and aesthetic advantage for the patient. In the process of work, the theory of social values emerged as a dynamic component that can bring together and explain many concepts, as well as physician’s acceptance of the guidelines. Value in terms of usefulness and truth plays a major role in cognitive appreciation of the documents. This concept gives a strategic meaning to the whole work and allows us to better understand attitude and behavior change.

The ability to communicate orally in a foreign language is fundamental and highly evaluated by both students and teachers. Therefore it is important that educational materials can provide communicative activities that improve this ability. A study of educational materials for young French learners revealed that the activities aimed to practice oral communication in fact were not really communicative. This investigation analyzes three educational materials for beginners in Spanish. The purpose is to see which kinds of activities the materials can offer for practice of oral and interactive communication, to compare them with educational theories and the Swedish curriculum and to detect similarities with the former study. The results show that the majority of the activities used in the materials, are not really communicative, they are mostly based on prepared phrases and there are few possibilities for creativity.

The purpose of this research was to determine which of the commonly used wireless telecommunication site concealment materials has the least effect on signal potency. The tested materials were Tuff Span® fiberglass panels manufactured by Enduro Composite Systems, Lexan® XL-1 polycarbonate plastic manufactured by GE Corporation and Styrofoam™ polystyrene board manufactured by The Dow Chemical Company. Testing was conducted in a double electrically isolated copper mesh screen room at the University of North Texas Engineering Technology Building in Denton, Texas. Analysis of the data found no differences exist between the radio frequency transmissiveness of these products at broadband personal communication service frequencies. However, differences in the signal do exist with regards to the angle of incidence between the material and the transmitting antenna.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Comunicação e Expressão
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Estudo crítico da abordagem comunicativa descrito por Littlewood, Larsen Freeman, Canale e outros para analisar materias de ensino. O estudo usa o modelo da análise da conversação desenvolvido por Sacks, Schegloff e Jefferson para criticamente analisar o conteúdo lingüístico, exercícios e mais especificamente os diálogos inseridos nos materiais de ensino "our turn" e comparar os diálogos produzidos pelos alunos que usam os materiais nas suas atividades rotineiras de aprendizagem na escola com as estruturas dos diálogos dos materiais.

Orientador: Claudiney Rodrigues Carrasco
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: A presente dissertação de mestrado aborda a inserção da música na linguagem publicitária e sua influência no processo de comunicação. Através de um levantamento histórico e analítico, procura-se entender como a música atuou dentro do contexto publicitário nas décadas de 1950 e 1960. Para tanto, com base na teoria da publicidade e música de cinema, foram analisados filmes publicitários e anúncios de rádio produzidos nas cidades de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro nesse período
Mestrado
Mestre em Música

The potential of Calcium-Vanadium garnet loaded binary composites for use in the production of planar frequency agile microwave devices has been investigated. A WR90 rectangular waveguide system using the transmission/reflection technique has been used to compare effective medium theory predicted permittivities and permeabilities for unmagnetised and transversely magnetised composites with actual measured composite properties. Use of the the Bruggeman effective medium theory with manufacturer supplied garnet permittivity and values of garnet permeability calculated using simple empirical models were demonstrated to be as accurate as predictions made using the measured properties of the composites' individual constituents. Errors in predicted material properties for unmagnetised and transversely magnetised samples relative to measured data were less than 5% across almost half of the 8.2 -12.4GHz measurement band and within a worst-case error of 15% across the whole band. A series of end-coupled linear microstrip resonators using garnet-loaded composite substrates has been fabricated and tested. Tunabilities in resonance of up to 3.9% at 9.2GHz have been demonstrated for DC magnetic bias fields applied transverse to the microwave magnetic field component. An entirely new and previously unpublished broadband microstrip technique for the measurement of the effective permittivity and permeability of bulk gyromagnetic and gyromagnetic material loaded composite substrates subject to transverse DC magnetic bias fields is presented. This will have wide application in the design of frequency agile microwave integrated circuits.

Hearing can be evaluated through the presentation of tones or speech. Speech audiometry determines an individual's speech recognition threshold and word recognition score. Traditionally these materials were developed using familiar, frequently used, monosyllabic words. Currently, there are various types of word recognition materials including those which use word lists, short half-lists, and materials which use sentences level stimuli with competing noise. Word recognition materials were first developed in Standard American English; today, materials are now readily available in many other languages. When possible, word recognition materials are developed digitally to standardize their presentation. Currently, no recorded word recognition materials are commercially available for native speakers of Samoan. Bisyllablic words were chosen, rated, recorded, and prepared for subject testing. All subjects were native speakers of Samoan with adequate hearing, meeting required standards for audiological research. Results indicated that no significant differences were found among bisyllabic word lists or half-lists developed in the current study. Subject word recognition performance and psychometric function slopes were comparable to the results of other related studies. All materials were recorded onto CD and made commercially available. It is hoped that this resource will aid trained professionals in the diagnosis and remediation of hearing loss in Samoan-speaking individuals.

Sedan mitten av 90-talet när internet fick sin framfart har konsumtionssamhället exploderat. Vem som helst har tillgång till vad som helst, och genom webbshopar kan också vem som helst starta sin egen digitala butik. En person vill ge sig in på webbhandelsmarknaden genom att börja sälja inredningsprodukter som skulpturer, lampor och tavlor, egentillverkade i naturmaterial. Detta ska göras i en webbshop vid namn Timmar. Föreliggande studie undersöker hur denna webbshop kan formges på bästa sätt för att framhäva produkterna och tilltala målgruppen, som består av inredningsintresserade personer mellan 25 och 50 år. Som grund ligger tidigare forskning, en förstudie och underlag från Timmar. Med hjälp av detta har det genom brainstorming tagits fram olika designkoncept med tillhörande idéer. Dessa har sållats ner till slutligen två designkoncept med hjälp av tankekartor och en värderingsmatris. De två slutliga designkonceptens kallas modernt och naturligt och formgivningsmässigt innehåller dessa varsin logotyp, bilder, färger, teckensnitt samt återkommande element. Koncepten har analyserats utifrån en enkätundersökning och intervjuer med företagets målgrupp samt en intervju med en webbdesigner. Värderingen landade i att konceptet naturligt rekommenderas, dock med vissa modifikationer för att behålla en modern känsla.

Within recent decades speech audiometry materials have been developed in various languages in order to more accurately identify and evaluate hearing impairment in native speakers. This advantage, however, is not available to native Cebuano speakers. The purpose of this study was to develop, digitally record, evaluate, and psychometrically equate a set of Cebuano bisyllabic word lists for use in measuring word recognition ability. This process began with recording 260 commonly used bisyllabic Cebuano words by a native speaker noted for his quality and pleasantness of speech in his native tongue. These recordings were then evaluated by 20 normally hearing native Cebuano listeners (21 to 63 years old). Of these words, 200 were selected and then divided into 4 lists of 50 bisyllabic words and 8 half-lists of 25 bisyllabic words. Statistical analysis of the word recognition materials found no significant difference among the lists or half-lists. The mean psychometric function slope at 50% for the bisyllabic word lists and half-lists is 7.3%/dB. The mean 50% threshold for the lists was 19.7 dB HL (SD = 0.1dB). Adjustments were not necessary. The results of the current study are comparable to those found in other languages. Digital recordings of the bisyllabic word lists are available on compact disc.

The performance of a planar Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) cannot be changed or adapted once the manufacturing process has been completed. In practice, however, it would be advantageous to be able to do so, in order to increase flexibility of performance in multiband systems for example. This thesis examines a novel electromagnetict echniquet hat has beend eveloped,w hereby the frequencya nd/or the angular response of FSS's can be tuned in situ over a wide range of frequencies and/or steering angles. The technique employed is passive and relies upon the displacemento f closely separated( and therefore closely coupled) arrays with respect to each other. A global loading of the array results so that the reconfigurable FSS (RFSS) will produce a broadband and/or multibeam response without altering the individual array design. The experience and understanding gained during this work was subsequently used to produce FSS responses of extreme angular stability. In this case a static, double layer structure has been used to make use of the high coupling between the layers i.e. two FSS's printed on a single dielectric substrate to form a close coupled FSS (CCFSS). It was found that the coupling between the two layers was highly dependent on the relative displacement between arrays. This displacement is introduced statically during the manufacture of the FSS. The cases described use two identical layers. A further development of this concept makes use of complementary conducting and aperture elements giving rise to a complementary FSS (CFSS). The CFSS is also manufactured on a common dielectric and produces ultra stable resonant frequencies for both TE and TM oblique incidences. Theoretical verification of the measured results has been achieved, and the measured and predicted results agreed very closely. Modal analysis, using a novel coupled integral equation technique, has been used to predict the response of the RFSS and CFSS. The correlation between the predicted and measured transmission response of the RFSS was very good and it was discovered that operational stability of the bandwidths and band spacing ratios were significantly improved over conventional static FSS.

SiC MESFETs and GaN HEMTs posses an enormous potential in power amplifiers at microwave frequencies due to their wide bandgap features of high electric field strength, high electron saturation velocity and high operating temperature. The high power density combined with the comparably high impedance attainable by these devices also offers new possibilities for wideband power microwave systems. Similarly Si-LDMOS being low cost and lonely silicon based RF power transistor has great contributions especially in the communication sector. The focus of this thesis work is both device study and their application in different classes of power amplifiers. In the first part of our research work, we studied the performance of transistors in device simulation using physical transistor structure in Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD). A comparison between the physical simulations and measured device characteristics has been carried out.  We optimized GaN HEMT, Si-LDMOS and enhanced version of our previously fabricated and tested SiC MESFET transistor for enhanced RF and DC characteristics. For large signal AC performance we further extended the computational load pull (CLP) simulation technique to study the switching response of the power transistors. The beauty of our techniques is that, we need no lumped or distributive matching networks to study active device behavior in almost all major classes of power amplifiers. Using these techniques, we studied class A, AB, pulse input class-C and class-F switching response of SiC MESFET. We obtained maximum PAE of 78.3 % with power density of 2.5 W/mm for class C and 84 % for class F power amplifier at 500 MHz. The Si-LDMOS has a vital role and is a strong competitor to wideband gap semiconductor technology in communication sector. We also studied Si-LDMOS (transistor structure provided by Infineon Technologies at Kista, Stockholm) for improved DC and RF performance. The interface charges between the oxide and RESURF region are used not only to improve DC drain current and RF power, gain & efficiency but also enhance its operating frequency up to 4 GHz. In the second part of our research work, six single stage (using single transistor) power amplifiers have been designed, fabricated and characterized in three phases for applications in communications, Phased Array Radars and EW systems. In the first phase, two class AB power amplifiers are designed and fabricated. The first PA (26 W) is designed and fabricated at 200-500 MHz using SiC MESFET. Typical results for this PA at 60 V drain bias at 500 MHz are, 24.9 dB of power gain, 44.15 dBm output power (26 W) and 66 % PAE. The second PA is designed at 30-100 MHz using SiC MESFET. At 60 V drain bias Pmax is 46.7 dBm (~47 W) with a power gain of 21 dB. In the second phase, for performance comparison, three broadband class AB power amplifiers are designed and fabricated at 0.7-1.8 GHz using SiC MESFET and two different GaN HEMT technologies (GaN HEMT on SiC and GaN HEMT on Silicon substrate). The measured maximum output power for the SiC MESFET amplifier at a drain bias of Vd= 66 V at 700 MHz the Pmax was 42.2 dBm (~16.6 W) with a PAE of 34.4 %. The results for GaN HEMT on SiC amplifier are; maximum output power at Vd = 48 V is 40 dBm (~10 W), with a PAE of 34 % and a power gain above 10 dB. The maximum output power for GaN HEMT on Si amplifier is 42.5 dBm (~18 W) with a maximum PAE of 39 % and a gain of 19.5 dB. In the third phase, a high power single stage class E power amplifier is implemented with lumped elements at 0.89-1.02 GHz using Silicon GaN HEMT as an active device. The maximum drain efficiency (DE) and PAE of 67 and 65 % respectively is obtained with a maximum output power of 42.2 dBm (~ 17 W) and a maximum power gain of 15 dB.

[ES] La presente tesis doctoral titulada "Nanodispositivos mesoporosos híbridos funcionalizados con enzimas para detección, liberación controlada y comunicación molecular" se centra en el diseño, preparación, caracterización y evaluación de distintos nanodispositivos híbridos orgánico-inorgánicos utilizando como soporte nanopartículas tipo Janus de oro y sílice mesoporosa, que se equipan con enzimas, especies fluorescentes y puertas moleculares. Como conclusión general, los estudios realizados muestran que la incorporación de enzimas sobre nanopartículas permite introducir funciones de reconocimiento con alta especificidad y diseñar nanodispositivos avanzados para distintas finalidades. La combinación de nanopartículas híbridas con grupos orgánicos como puertas moleculares, efectores enzimáticos y especies cromo- fluorogénicas o fármacos puede resultar muy versátil; y se espera que los resultados obtenidos puedan inspirar el desarrollo de nuevos materiales inteligentes con aplicación en distintas áreas como la nanomedicina y la detección de moléculas de interés.
[CAT] La present tesi doctoral titulada "Nanodispositius mesoporosos híbrids funcionalitzats amb enzims per a detecció, alliberació controlada i comunicació molecular" es centra en el disseny, preparació, caracterització i avaluació de distints nanodispositius híbrids orgànic-inorgànics utilitzant com a suport nanopartícules tipus Janus d'or i sílice mesoporosa, que s'equipen amb enzims, espècies fluorescents i portes moleculars. Com a conclusió general, els estudis realitzats mostren que la incorporació d'enzims sobre nanopartícules permeten introduir funcions de reconeixement amb alta especificitat i dissenyar nanodispositius avançats per a distintes finalitats. La combinació de nanopartícules híbrides amb grups orgànics com portes moleculars, efectors enzimàtics i espècies cromo-fluorogèniques o fàrmacs pot resultar molt versàtil; i s'espera que els resultats obsessos inspiren el desenvolupament de nous materials intel·ligents amb aplicació en distintes àrees com la nanomedicina i la detecció de molècules d'interés.
[EN] This PhD thesis entitled "Enzyme-functionalized hybrid mesoporous nanodevices for sensing, controlled release and molecular communication" is focused on the design, synthesis, characterization and evaluation of several hybrid organic-inorganic nanodevices using Janus gold-mesoporous silica nanoparticles as scaffolds, equipped with enzymes, fluorescent species and molecular gates. In conclusion, these studies show that the incorporation of enzymes on nanoparticles allows to introduce recognition capabilities with high specificity and to design advanced nanodevices for different purposes. The combination of hybrid nanoparticles with organic groups such as molecular gates, enzymatic effectors and chromo-fluorogenic species or drugs can be very versatile; and we hope that the obtained results inspire the development of new smart materials with application in different areas such as nanomedice and sensing.
Llopis Lorente, A. (2019). Enzyme-functionalized hybrid mesoporous nanodevices for sensing, controlled release and molecular communication [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/117612
TESIS

Ett av de mest populära community:n på internet och en av världens mest populärastewebbplats i dag är videotjänsten YouTube. Strömmande tjänster blir alltmer efterfrågade i taktmed att tekniken utvecklas och bandbreddens prestationsförmåga inte längre är en begränsning.Inte minst har strömmande tjänster, i synnerhet YouTube, blivit populärt på grund av desskopierade innehåll av användare, i motsats till det egenskapade. Många av de uppladdadevideoklippen är upphovsrättsskyddade och just sådana videoklipp har visat sig tendera att varasärskilt efterfrågade bland användarna.I den här uppsatsen tittar jag på användarnas beteenden på YouTube i form av en observationnär de laddar upp upphovsrättsskyddat material. Jag undersöker hur användare ställer sig tillupphovsrätten och de regler som råder på YouTube genom en enkätundersökning. Slutligenintervjuar jag två advokater specialiserade inom området för att ta del av deras professionellasynsätt. Uppsatsen presenterar de observerade användarstrategierna och reflektionerna.

Estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura científica com a finalidade de identificar e analisar as características da comunicação dos materiais escritos impressos elaborado por enfermeiros brasileiros, que subsidiam as orientações em Enfermagem, baseado em 22 artigos nacionais selecionados no Portal BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) e BVS temática em Enfermagem, sem limite de período, a partir de descritores previamente definidos e palavras-chave, visto o baixo número encontrado só com descritores (quatro artigos). A análise dos estudos apontou que quanto aos objetivos, o de maior frequência foi relatar o processo de elaboração do material, 7 (32,0%). Quanto aos delineamentos de pesquisa, identificamos que 11 (50,0%) são estudos qualitativos, quando o público alvo são os pacientes, 11 (79,0%) artigos são destinados aos adultos e quando destinados aos acompanhantes, 6 (43,0%) são direcionados para acompanhantes de neonatos. Com relação à especialidade para qual o material se destina se destacam: neonatologia e oncologia, representando 4 (18,0%) cada uma delas. Quanto ao local onde o material escrito é utilizado destacam-se os hospitais e ambulatórios, com 9 (41,0%) cada um deles. Em relação ao nome utilizado para o material escrito, o mais frequente foi cartilha, com 6 (27,0%). Observou-se que 15 (68,0%) dos estudos apresentavam preocupação com a elaboração do material escrito, sendo que o aspecto relevante mais citado foi conteúdo, com 12 (26,0%). Em 10 (45,0%) artigos houve avaliação do material escrito, sendo em 8 realizada por pacientes e em 2 por profissionais. Pelos números e resultados apresentados concluímos que o tema materiais escritos impressos de orientação em enfermagem é pouco estudado e que a enfermagem precisa desenvolver pesquisas cientificas em relação ao tema. Os resultados apontam uma grande variedade e pouco consenso entre os autores quanto à terminologia usada para o material escrito impresso de orientação. Conclui-se ainda que haja questões a serem respondidas no processo de avaliação dos materiais, no que se refere à periodicidade dessa avaliação.
Study integrative review of the scientific literature in order to identify and analyze the characteristics of printed communication of written materials prepared by Brazilian nurses who subsidize Nursing guidelines based on 22 national articles on selected Portal VHL (Virtual Health Library) and VHL theme in Nursing, unlimited period, from previously defined descriptors and keywords, since the low number found only with descriptors (4 items). The studies showed that the aims, the most frequent was to report the process of preparing the material 7 (32,0%). Regarding research designs, we identified 11 (50,0%) are qualitative studies, when the target audience are the patients, 11 (79,0%) articles are intended for adults and when intended for caregivers, 6 (43,0%) are targeted for companions neonates. Regarding the art to which the material is intended as: oncology and neonatal, representing four (18,0%) each. As to where the written material is used to highlight the hospitals and clinics, with 9 (41,0%) each. Regarding the name used for the written material, the most frequent was primer, with 6 (27,0%). It was observed that 15 (68,0%) of the studies were concerned with the preparation of written material, and the most important aspect was quoted content, with 12 (26,0%). In 10 (45,0%) articles were written evaluation of the material being performed in 8 patients and in 2 by professionals. By the numbers and conclude that the results presented written materials printed issue guidance in nursing is understudied and that nursing needs to develop scientific research on the topic. The results show a wide variety and little consensus among authors as to the terminology used for printed material written guidance. It is concluded that there are still questions to be answered in the evaluation of materials, with regard to the periodicity of the evaluation.