Дисертації з теми "Communauté numérique"
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Faticati, Aurélie. "Le tableau numérique interactif : une intégration dans une communauté coopérative Freinet." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26929.
This study focuses on the use of ICT in education, specifically the Interactive Whiteboard (IWB). The research was conducted within the field mathematics with students in two primary Freinet-based classrooms. Housed in what is referred to as dialogical-based pedagogy, a pedagogy closely related to Freinet educational theory and practice, three units of observation were analysed according to three discussion types : cumulative, conflictual and exploratory. The purpose of the study was to understand the differing kinds of discussions students produced while using the IWB within a dialogically oriented pedagogical context to see the degree to which students discussions were exploratory (exploratory discussions being those said to most favour learning). To this end, a problem based-learning activity in geometry was collaboratively developed with two classroom teachers, then integrated into six student groups using the IWB. Our results denote some of the educational affordances of both the IWB and the web application (Tinkercad). This research foregrounds the complexities of considering a single analytical factor (discussion analysis) when looking at digitally based student learning.
Putigny, Herve. "Dynamiques socioculturelles et algorithmiques d'entrée dans une communauté cybercriminelles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UBFCH019.
The increasing generalization of conventional computer technologies and the emergence of the Internet of Things are probably founding principles of a new digital world order. The omnipresence, the interdependence of networks and the convergence of the components of cyberspace, catalyze the formation of social groups in an object such as the Internet and in particular in social media. The thesis will study in particular the birth of cybercriminal communities, as well as the rites and ties of affinity of the members of these societies. Beyond highlighting the elements of socio-cultural dynamics related to the creation of these digital spaces and their maintenance, the thesis will tend to show that there is a form of logic in the process of integration and the development of these virtual communities. cybercriminal
Rao, Ya. "Apprentissage du chinois (CLE) et du français (FLE) dans une communauté numérique bilingue." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3009/document.
This transdisciplinary research is at the intersection of language teaching, intercultural studies, linguistics and information and communication technologies for education. Drawing on theories around community of practice, strategies for interactive writing , intercultural awareness, and bilingual communication, this thesis attempts to demonstrate how a learning community develops, what are the intercultural and bilingual practices used by the members of the community to co-construct knowledge in a context of webcollaboration.For this experiment, we chose a class e-twinning with a group of students learning Chinese in France and a group of students learning French in China. The pedagogical framework was based on an action-based scenario and a collaborative project. We designed for this purpose an exchange platform including a blog and a forum where participants could interact. The analysis of our corpus was both quantitative and qualitative. Our purpose was to describe the emergence of a learning community, the different levels of intercultural awareness, as well as the bi-multilingual practices and reflections
Fonseca, dos Santos Manuela. "Apolônio Alves dos Santos : sauvegarde numérique et mise à disposition de l'œuvre du poète pour la communauté scientifique." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT5030.
Batmanov, Kirill. "Modélisation spatiale des effets de communauté." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00977082.
Benabid, Myriam. "Les modes informels d’apprentissage numérique : le cas des travailleurs du savoir." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED010/document.
This doctoral work examines the learning experience as an operational and self-sufficient development through informal paths of digital learning reinforced by an increasing interconnected world. We purpose an analysis with those whose function is to create, disseminate or sell knowledge : the knowledge workers.Our theoretical framework is inspired by Bandura (1962), which provides a reading grid of vicarious learning, i.e. learning from others. First, our analysis identifies four informal learning practices that we describe as "anthropocentric". Second, we explain the conditions of such learning by mobilizing the prism of “apprenance” which allows us to identify the factors favoring the use of these practices .Finally, we question the link between practices and factors in order to highlight informal modes of digital learning. We put forward four paths evoking the famous characters of Goscinny and Uderzo :Asterix mobilizes all the necessary resources to meet a specific ambition ;Idéfix updates his knowledge in reaction to changes ;Obelix responds effectively to the right need, at the right time ;Panoramix, reveals the creation and the diffusion of contents.Our work enriches and refines existing models of vicarious learning and “apprenance” with the specificity of the symbolic world.This distinction of four paths allows organizations to better distinguish learner profiles among collaborators as well as the appropriate support methods in their learning
Quéré, Nolwenn. "Numérique et genèses documentaires : études de collectifs de professeurs d'anglais producteurs de ressources." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0068.
In this PhD, I study the collective work of language teachers and its consequences for collectives and individuals, particularly with regard to the design and use of digital resources. To do this, I analyse the activity of three collectives of the region of Rennes by mobilising the theory of the documentational approach to didactics and that of the communities of practice. I first specify the community documentation, by proposing a description of the collective resource system, before explaining the community knowledge identified during the design work. In a second step, I describe the effects of the integration of this/these resource(s), collectively designed, in the practice of some teachers. To do this, I rely on the analysis of key episodes to uncover ongoing documentational genesis. My work introduces a schematization of the community resource system represented under a double level of description including the definition of blocks of situated collective resources. Finally, I propose a description of the schemes individually developed by teachers, articulating the document table and the design capacity concept
Inghilterra, Xavier. "L’apprenance collective entre pairs à l’aune du modèle transmissif : Impact des dispositifs de partage social sur les communautés d’apprentissage en ligne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUL0002.
This research is interested in the effects led by the digital devices plans of social sharing on the pratices of collaboration, communication and mediation of students in context of distance learning. The goal is the understand the origin of the collaborative process of collective apprenance which is illustrated in the communities of apprenticeship outside the academic institution. A netnographic observation is conducted whith Bachelor and Master's degree in a private training center ; our corpus is made of 1405 messages taken in the forums of the institutional platform and on Facebook or Google +. We assume the information and communication sociotechnical devices participate in the horizontalisation of student's practices. We highlight the paradox of these learning communities which are, unwittingly, in a process of social domination by having choosing a priori a decentralized structure
Inghilterra, Xavier. "L’apprenance collective entre pairs à l’aune du modèle transmissif : Impact des dispositifs de partage social sur les communautés d’apprentissage en ligne." Thesis, Toulon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUL0002/document.
This research is interested in the effects led by the digital devices plans of social sharing on the pratices of collaboration, communication and mediation of students in context of distance learning. The goal is the understand the origin of the collaborative process of collective apprenance which is illustrated in the communities of apprenticeship outside the academic institution. A netnographic observation is conducted whith Bachelor and Master's degree in a private training center ; our corpus is made of 1405 messages taken in the forums of the institutional platform and on Facebook or Google +. We assume the information and communication sociotechnical devices participate in the horizontalisation of student's practices. We highlight the paradox of these learning communities which are, unwittingly, in a process of social domination by having choosing a priori a decentralized structure
Journot, Julie. "L'émancipation des patient·es par l'éducation thérapeutique : approche info-communicationnelle des usages d'une plateforme numérique de médiation des savoirs médicaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCH003.
This CIFRE thesis, carried out within a healthcare start-up, proposes an infocommunicational approach to the phenomena of emancipation of people categorised as obese through digital therapeutic education systems. More specifically, our study aims to analyse the uses of a digital platform for mediating medical knowledge, focusing on its educational aspect and the community possibilities it offers. We are looking specifically at the reception and commitment of patients connected to this tool. We seek to understand whether contact with a digital device for mediating medical knowledge, combining pedagogy, game dynamics and online socialisation, enables users to achieve the emancipation sought by the tool's creators. The first part of the thesis sheds light on the emancipation levers present in the platform studied. In the second part, we expand on these initial observations by focusing our analysis on the hindrance that the institutional dynamics of the platform under study seem to cause to the development of playful engagement and socialisation within the community. Finally, we conclude by opening up perspectives for further research into the place of digital TPE platforms in the healthcare system, questions that have emerged from our particular fieldwork
Pierot, Edwige. "Humanités numériques et organisation des connaissances : proposition d'un modèle d'interopérabilité entre les communautés épistémiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0600.
Our doctoral research is carried out within the framework of the “information society” and the “knowledge economy”. They draw a paradigm which constitutes an economical, technological, political and cultural model of development. Its success is related to the deployment of information and communication activities by the members of this society. While these activities require the use of digital libraries that contribute to the circulation of knowledge in the networked environment of the web, we have observed the conditions under which these socio-technical devices make it possible to implement information and communication processes that are in line with the information needs of users with heterogeneous informational profiles. The study of these audiences from a community typology perspective highlighted that information and communication processes and instrumental knowledge organization systems contribute to the development of epistemic communities and to the creation of informational common goods. They invite us to explore the conditions under which collective intelligence is possible. After having identified the necessary components for collective intelligence in the web's informational environment, we propose an instantiation under the form of a model dedicated to interoperability between epistemic communities
Le, Bellu Sophie. "Capitalisation des savoir-faire et des gestes professionnels dans le milieu industriel : mise en place d’une aide numérique au compagnonnage métier dans le secteur de l’énergie." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21825/document.
In large industrial companies, the transmission of the embodied in professional practices traditionally takes place as part of a series of training courses given by former operators and of journeyman practices implemented directly on site. This situation will undoubtedly change, because nowadays many companies are facing the problem of a massive departure of operators into retirement. This requires, on the one hand, the preservation of the appropriate professional gestures for the maintenance of aging technical plant, and on the other hand an adaptation of the professional gestures to technological evolution. In the energy sector, Electricité de France (EDF) is also confronted with this issue of the evolution of these journeyman practices. For the company, the situation is rendered more complex as a result of highly variable practices due to the presence of almost one hundred power generation plants with a wide geographic distribution, and with diversified generation methods involving different cultural practices (nuclear, thermal, hydraulic).The present research addresses two objectives:(1) On the theoretical level, we sought to understand, based on field data, the nature of the explicit and implicit transmission and formalization of knowledge underlying the performance of professional gestures. This takes place: - on the one hand, by means of the confrontation of the existing approaches in the different schools, at international level, with the empirical reality; - and, on the other hand, by means of the identification of the gap in the literature as concerns the treatment and modelling of tacit knowledge and embodied know-how as compared to the practical requirements of transmission.(2) On the practical level, we sought to develop an approach to situational learning of embodied know-how by exploring the recourse to digital ethnography tools. This aims:- on the one hand, to perpetuate the knowledge linked to the gestures;- and, on the other hand, to devise a method for the creation of structured, video-based educational supports. This practical phase has afforded the opportunity to test our models on real life cases. The combination of technical, theoretical and methodological tools we applied has led to the design of several products.We designed, and tested on the field, a method for the capture and analysis of professional gestures. This method is based on dual video recordings: an external camera and a subjective camera mounted on the safety helmet of the operator performing the gesture. This recording is coupled to a specific protocol of oral expression whilst performing the gesture.We also modelled, tested and formalised a teaching resource in an educational setting: the Multimedia platform for APprenticeship (MAP). It is based on a decomposition and structuring of the gesture illustrated primarily by annotated video but also by means of functional schematics images, photos, etc. This decomposition results from the analysis of the gesture carried out upstream and based on Russian Activity Theory and Perceived Quality.These two products provide an operational chain intended for the trainers of EDF’s Training Division, for the capture and transmission of the tacit and explicit knowledge involved in professional gestures. The incorporation of the MAP into EDF’s educational system, in real life training sessions, has been very positively evaluated and received by both trainers and trainees. In May 2011 it was decided to launch the industrialization phase of the method and the MAP throughout the company
Le, Bellu Sophie. "Capitalisation des savoir-faire et des gestes professionnels dans le milieu industriel : mise en place d'une aide numérique au compagnonnage métier dans le secteur de l'énergie." Phd thesis, Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00630386.
Cocq, Mathieu. "Capital communautaire et organisation du travail des joueurs dans l'industrie du jeu vidéo." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN053/document.
This thesis frames players' activities in the gaming industry as labor. Based on various qualitative date (field studies, observation, case studies, video analysis, sectoral data), the thesis proposes that firms profitability in the gaming industry is based on the constitution and exploitation of a specific form of intangible capital coined as communitarian capital. The shift from a product to a service industry is described, putting the relationship between the firm and its users and between users themselves at the forefront of firms profit. The concept of community is heavily discussed. Using a framework based on the digital labor theory as well as economics of conventions, the hypothesis of players' labor is formulated. Because players' interactions is so crucial to understanding contemporary business models in the gaming industry, the thesis integrates theses interactions as part of the value production process. The devices used by firms to extract value from players are thoroughly investigated during a long-term field study in a leading french firm of the sector. The thesis concludes by analyzing the case of the Twitch platform, on which some players professionaze and gain revenues by constituting and managing their own communities. The communitarian capital framework this thesis proposes can be applied beyond the case of the gaming industry, and aims at understanding mutations linked to the digital economy, both concerning labor and capital
Landaverde, Johany Vanessa. "Médias et réseaux socio-numériques des minorités en France : le rôle des médias ethniques et socio-numériques dans la communication et l’intégration des communautés ethniques et immigrantes : le cas de la communauté cap-verdienne." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR2012/document.
Since long back, traditional media produced by and for immigrant and ethnic minorities, have been the preferred communication tools of these communities. Through the democratization of the access to new technologies such as Internet and ‘the Web’, and in particular through the expansion of social networks, these minorities have become consumers and producers of user generated content. Such tools also allow them to stay in contact with their relatives and the members of their community in the adopted country. Thus, this media has a double function: it facilitates keeping in touch with the user’s community, and it provides a means for sharing information relevant for the latter. Moreover, the social dimension of these digital tools gives them a third functionality: it establishes connections with the society of the foster country. Thanks to this online sociability, a relation is formed and this contributes to the integration of the communities within their new social, linguistic and cultural environment. In order to study this potential integration process, I have since 2011 worked with teenage members of a Cape Verdean community living in Nice, France. The objective has been to analyze their social networking online and offline, and their use of Facebook. From a methodological standpoint, this study has been conducted by the use of social network ethnography and of Netnography. The work is the results of seven years of observations of practices in the online and offline worlds, with the objective to provide an understanding of how social media can contribute to the integration of ethnic and immigrant minorities in France
Pintus, Christine. "La contribution de la communication par le web au développement de praxéologies professionnelles infirmières." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0521.
This study concerns the occupational environment of nurses, their vocational training and the place which occupy the exchanges on the social networks within the framework of professional discussions. This research has a double theoretical framework: the anthropological theory of the didactic (TAD) and more particularly the notion of praxeology and the communities of practice. We examine the way the professional praxeologies as well as professional questions express themselves on the social networks. It are these two research topics which will study the way digital communication can support the development of the professional praxeologies of the nursing students and from in service professionals. Our study turns to the necessity of a teaching model compatible with the paradigm of questioning the world to support preservice training thanks to digital communication in order to improve the dialectic between profession and training, necessary for any vocational training
Baldino, Putzka Martine. "Cyberlangue et ritualités numériques." Thesis, Toulon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUL0013/document.
This study examines the impact of cyberlanguage, induced by the development of InfoCom technologies, on mediated communication situations, up to the ritualization of interactions on socio-technical devices. This work mobilizes a theoretical and methodological pluralism, a quantitative and typological approach. It relies on a native digital data field on an online discussion forum, in the field of reality show. In support of the concepts of language, reduction of uncertainty, cyber-language, device, community, network, rites and rituals, and the theories of conversation, social bond, ritual bond, "intentional posture" and online interaction rites, an exploratory study identifies elaborate and creative writing processes and establishes an enriched typology of cyberlanguage markers.In a survey, the confrontation of uses with representations makes it possible to understand the perception of the cyberlanguage by Internet users. In the micro-communities identified by the interactions measurements, the presence of interactors, the weight and concentration of cyberlanguage markers and the polarity of the interactional discourse, the study of ritual situations makes it possible to identify a typology of associated interaction rituals to certain cyberlanguage markers and to correlate the pacification potential of the cyberlanguage with the intentional distancing and compensation of the interactors, in a dynamics of coconstruction for the maintenance of the social bond
Baldino, Putzka Martine. "Cyberlangue et ritualités numériques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUL0013.
This study examines the impact of cyberlanguage, induced by the development of InfoCom technologies, on mediated communication situations, up to the ritualization of interactions on socio-technical devices. This work mobilizes a theoretical and methodological pluralism, a quantitative and typological approach. It relies on a native digital data field on an online discussion forum, in the field of reality show. In support of the concepts of language, reduction of uncertainty, cyber-language, device, community, network, rites and rituals, and the theories of conversation, social bond, ritual bond, "intentional posture" and online interaction rites, an exploratory study identifies elaborate and creative writing processes and establishes an enriched typology of cyberlanguage markers.In a survey, the confrontation of uses with representations makes it possible to understand the perception of the cyberlanguage by Internet users. In the micro-communities identified by the interactions measurements, the presence of interactors, the weight and concentration of cyberlanguage markers and the polarity of the interactional discourse, the study of ritual situations makes it possible to identify a typology of associated interaction rituals to certain cyberlanguage markers and to correlate the pacification potential of the cyberlanguage with the intentional distancing and compensation of the interactors, in a dynamics of coconstruction for the maintenance of the social bond
Rouissi, Soufiane. "Intelligence et normalisation dans la production des documents numériques : cas de la communauté universitaire." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30047.
Our object of study is the numerical document, in particular taking into consideration use of members of the university community brought more and more to produce some. The actual situation requires the use of open and shared specifications to produce and describe the numerical documents (we present the specifications in the educational field). Our approach is based on the production in autonomous mode of the numerical documents. This production is favoured according to us by the new characteristics of the document (numerical), by the possibilities of generation automated in a standardized context. We pose the following assumption : in the numerical context, in particular in the numerical work environments (ENT), teachers produce, diffuse and use numerical documents, in particular for a teaching context. Our problem is thus to see how they could do it in a standardized way. Our demonstration is based on a study of the specifications in order to check their applicability according to the principle of production in autonomous mode (and semi autonomous) and on a study of the uses in progress (starting from an investigation) near members of the university community (Aquitaine, France). Our work thus consists in contributing to the reflexion in progress on the numerical document in particular in a standardized form for the teaching context at the University
Kocijancic, Essonnier Nataly. "Étude de la conception collaborative de ressources numériques mathématiques au sein d’une communauté d’intérêt." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1068/document.
Our study bring to the fore social creativity that occurs during the collaborative design of digital resources fostering creative mathematical thinking elaborated within the framework of the MC Squared European project (http://www.mc2-project.eu/) aiming at developing a socio-technological environment for design. We focus on two aspects. On the one hand, we explore factors that trigger, or hinder, social creativity among the designers. On the other hand, we investigate the relations between the designers’ resource systems and professional knowledge and the choices they make in the design of digital resources. We draw on activity theory and the theory of boundary crossing to study the activity of the resource design by community of interest, and on the documentational approach to didactics to investigate the documentational genesis related to the resource design. Our methodology relies on two case studies, namely the design of two different resources aiming at teaching and learning elementary algebra and mathematical modelling respectively
Aynaud, Thomas. "Détection de communautés dans les réseaux dynamiques." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066438.
Most complex networks have a particular structure in which nodes are arranged in groups, called communities, with many internal links but only a few between them. The identification of communities gives insights on the structure of the graph and is important in many contexts. We will study this structure in the case of dynamic networks using two different approaches. The first approach consists in tracking communities over time by detecting them at every timestep and following their evolution. We will see that although very natural, this approach raises many questions of stability: the algorithms tend to change their results a lot even if the network changes only a little. This implies that the observed changes in the communities are in fact related to the algorithm and not to real transformations in network structure. We therefore propose an analysis of the instability of three algorithms and a solution to the instability. The second approach consists in detecting the community structure not just for a moment but for a period of time called the time window. The length of the time window is then a crucial problem and we propose a hierachical time segmentation method in time windows. Moreover, the time windows do not have to be contiguous allowing for example to detect a repeating structure. Finally, we conclude with applications to event detection on the Internet and segmentation of videos. We will show that we can detect events by finding the times when the structure changes abruptly. For the segmentation of videos, we also had stability issues and thus we have developed a more stable tracking and detection algorithm
Pourchez, Arnaud. "Impact de la diapause sur la dynamique de communautés planctoniques dans un écosystème Arctique numérique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29871.
Raimond, Élodie. "L'encadrement marchand des communautés de consommateurs sur Internet." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20146/document.
The devices of publication and exchange of information on Internet have interested marketing services that take advantage of their creativity and information provides on products and services. In the thesis, we try to report on the work of supervision of communities of users by market professionals on the Internet. Indeed, the organization of users in networks, exchanging expertise and opinions on companies, products and services, can complicate the implementation of capture devices. The framing can first consist in channeling information exchanged on products and services, within communities. We first explored the market of devices aimed at monitoring discussions between users and specific uses of these tools by a large Internet service provider. In a second step, we analyzed the relational work undertaken by professionals of communication with target bloggers in order to promote a positive discourse on products and services. We demonstrate that they develop strategies for calculating their interests in the long run and talk about the brands according to their editorial strategies. To ensure the continuity of links with a larger number of clients, professionals can choose to implement sociotechnical framework, in order to host communities. We reported the framing devices of links from local exchanges between a client and a brand to horizontal linkages between community and professional around the products thanks to an ethnographic observation of communities set up by companies of goods and services. Social networking sites permit specific configuration of links between consumers and products, and they also organize collective expressions in order to avoid breaking links between companies and consumers. We have been interested in two devices that highlight this work: an institutional forum set up by a major supplier of services, and also a platform that hosts debates between experts and users of a large transport company. The interviews and data collections on the sites show us that the users can circumvent the rules and official and unofficial professionals in interaction with customers have to adjust their roles
Gadek, Guillaume. "Détection d'opinions, d'acteurs-clés et de communautés thématiques dans les médias sociaux." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMIR18/document.
Online Social Networks have taken a huge place in the informational space and are often used for advertising, e-reputation, propaganda, or even manipulation, either by individuals, companies or states. The amount of information makes difficult the human exploitation, while the need for social network analysis remains unsatisfied: trends must be extracted from the posted messages, the user behaviours must be characterised, and the social structure must be identified. To tackle this problem, we propose a system providing analysis tools on three levels. First, the message analysis aims to determine the opinions they bear. Then, the characterisation and evaluation of user accounts is performed thanks to the union of a behavioural profiling method, the study of node importance and position in social graphs and engagement and influence measures. Finally the step of user community detection and evaluation is accomplished. For this last challenge, we introduce thematic cohesion scores, completing the topological, graph-based measures for group quality. This system is then applied on two corpora, extracted from two different online social media. The first is constituted of messages published on Twitter, gathering every activity performed by a set of 5,000 accounts on a long period. The second stems from a ToR-based social network, named Galaxy2, and includes every public action performed on the platform during its uptime. We evaluate the relevance of our system on these two datasets, showing the complementarity of user account characterisation tools (influence, behaviour and role), and user account communities (interaction strength, thematic cohesion), enriching the social graph exploitation with textual content elements
Georges, Fanny. "Sémiotique de la représentation de soi dans les dispositifs interactifs : l'hexis numérique." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00332747.
Spieth, Grégory. "Le rôle des flux numériques participatifs dans le management des communautés urbaines françaises : une analyse à travers la gestion du service des transports." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE0036.
The desinstitutionalization movement of public administrations (marked by the 1982 law of decentralization) considerably modified French society. This new conception of the management of public actions put in practice by the French government tries to limit the economic inefficiency of administrations. In practice this new conception is a shift from effectiveness logic to an efficiency logic in addition with a consolidation of competences. Local authorities which are the first administrative and territorial level in France (cities) became major actors. Their importance is identified through their budget, their missions of public service and through their investments. With the modernization of juridical techniques and managing processes, representatives in cities began to wonder about the role of citizen (whom is a user, a taxpayer and a client at the same time) in the performance research of public management. This emerging phenomena which signs the institutionalization of the consultation of population on a local level, includes very different devices; their common goal is to associate ordinary citizens with the discussion of collective issues. . .
Zéringer, Léa. "Les Sermones ad monachos attribués à Fauste de Riez : une série plurielle au coeur de la collection d'Eusèbe Gallican." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 2, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LYO20085.
The Eusebius Gallicanus collection, also called collectio gallicana, constitutes a patristic compendium of late-antique Provençal sermons, whose complexity is mainly based on the uncertainties linked to their attribution and their organization in the form of a collection. The methodological difficulties of this corpus explain the small number of studies on it, despite the importance of its manuscript transmission in the Middle Ages. This thesis proposes astudy of the Eusebius Gallicanus collection based on a new methodological approach, whichis built on two complementary objectives : 1. observing this corpus in a dynamic way, indiachrony ; 2. analysing the continuum between the late-antique predication, the medieval compilation and its transmission. The first part of this research thus constitutes a methodological questioning aimed at better understanding the nature and functioning ofcompilations, through the analysis of the Eusebius Gallicanus collection. Beyond the generalobservation of this collection, this research is founded on the more precise analysis of a seriesfrom this collection, the ten Sermones ad monachos, attributed to Faustus of Riez, third abbotof Lérins in the middle of the fifth century. The examination of this autonomous series revealsthe existence of two parallel versions, associated respectively to the name of Caesarius or thatof Eusebius. This characteristic requires an adaptation of the methodological tools to this typeof corpus, proposing a double edition project, showing the complementarity between a paperedition and a digital edition. This one allows to show the dynamic nature of the parallel series and provides a new contribution to the studies of patristical collections of sermons. The second part of this research work develops the analysis of the Sermones ad monachos through a thematic commentary dealing with the different issues of this series, from a diachronic point of view and under different aspects, literary, religious and historical. These different readings aim to better appreciate the functions of the asceticism developed by the series, both from anexclusively monastic perspective, in the particular context of Lérins in the 5th century, but also more widely in a pastoral discourse addressed to all Christians. The third part of this study presents a new edition of the Sermones ad monachos, in its Eusebian version, with an un published and commented translation
Ciocca, Jean-Luc. "La planification d’une activité Maker : une planification dynamique et flexible pour répondre aux besoins des élèves." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38916.
Rual, Coline. "Quels effets d’empowerment et de valorisation de la consommation induits par l’utilisation régulière de dispositif numérique ? : Le cas des objets de quantifield-self et des communautés virtuelles dans la consommation sportive active." Thesis, Lorient, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORIL547.
The advances in digital technologies (DT) are transforming consumer behavior and how they consume. They no longer accept the role of a passive consumer and shift the power from suppliers to empowered consumers. It is now more than ever a challenge for marketers to know how to meet consumer’s need to gain more control and for live personalized experience. Customer perceived value of the offer is a priority to compete. Today’s DT are often used to enhance value of the experience perceived by the customer, but, does DT really enrich the consumer experience? Literature suggests that not much research has been conducted on this topic. Most studies focus on technology adoption and intrinsic perceived value of DT. The rare studies about DT’s effects on consumer experience highlight the existence of a diversity of effects. Such research focuses on one-time use of DT, mostly during extraordinary consumption (museum visit). Based on the approach of perceived value framework, this research examines the effect of the regular use of two DT in sports (QS: quantified-self; VC: virtual community) on the active sportsmen regulatory experience by the mediating role of empowerment. We carried out an experiment involving 1833 participants. Results show that the use of QS influences neither perceived value of experience nor consumer empowerment rather even tends to negatively influence intention to pursue active sport. In contrast, the use of VC indirectly influences intention to pursue the activity by enriching the perceived value of the experience by the mediating role of empowerment. To conclude, DT can enrich the perceived value of experience and positively influence behavioral intention by increasing perceived empowerment
Le, Crosnier Hervé. "Réseau, bibliothèques et documents numériques : architecture informatique et construction sociale." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Caen, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00204139.
Avec le développement accéléré du numérique et des réseaux, nous sommes les témoins d'un basculement fantastique des activités humaines, qui porte sur l'expression de la culture et de la communication, la transformation des processus industriels, les relations inter-personnelles, les activités de travail et de loisir des individus, les conditions d'exercice de la démocratie.
En moins d'une vingtaine d'années, le nombre et la puissance des ordinateurs mis dans les mains des individus a explosé, offrant aux personnes et aux groupes une capacité de traitement inimaginable auparavant. Leur couplage avec l'interconnexion des réseaux a bousculé la donne culturelle, relationnelle, économique, politique, géopolitique, éducative, sociale, médiatique....
La maîtrise de techniques symboliques (traitement d'images, stockage de fichiers numériques, usage du réseau comme ressource d'information, recherche documentaire, transcodage de la musique, écriture et publication personnelle) s'est répandue comme une traînée de poudre dans le monde entier.
Les tranches d'âge concernées se sont élargies en quelques années. La jeunesse et plus encore l'adolescence faisant un large usage des médiations techniques dans sa sociabilité et son apprentissage personnel. Le troisième âge découvre avec intérêt les techniques numériques, de l'appareil photo au mail, qui les gardent en contact avec leur descendance. Les différences d'usage entre les sexes se réduisent, et le travail des groupes de femmes pour utiliser la technologie comme un outil d'égalité et de libération porte des fruits dans tous les types de communautés, notamment dans les pays en développement.
Les divers réseaux et pratiques immatérielles convergent de plus en plus vite vers un réseau ubiquitaire, mêlant intimement les activités de communication, de production symbolique (culture, connaissance et divertissement) et de diffusion. Les terminaux se diversifient, se font mobiles (baladeurs, ordinateurs portables, PDA, téléphones mobiles nouvelle génération...) et s'incrustent dans toutes les activités (travail, culture, loisir, vie quotidienne).
Les principes d'individualité, de vie privée, d'autonomie et même de citoyenneté ne sont plus des qualités intrinsèques aux personnes, mais ressortent de l'émergence de " technologies de la personnalité " et de systèmes d'exposition et de gestion de la personnalité (réseaux sociaux, systèmes d'identification, auto-publication, partage d'environnements culturels ou de jeux, mondes virtuels...).
Le " système nerveux " de l'économie mondiale repose sur ces échanges immatériels accrus, sur les formes nouvelles de production qu'ils permettent, et sur la valorisation et la monétarisation des activités de connaissance, de communication, d'éducation et d'échange. Ces événements technologiques accompagnent et rendent possibles, ou imaginables, d'autres bouleversements dans l'organisation du monde, souvent regroupés sous le terme de " mondialisation " d'une part et de " société de l'information " de l'autre.
Ces bouleversements massifs et en profondeur méritent une attention particulière de la recherche, afin d'analyser ce phénomène au moment même de son bouillonnement, et d'en dégager des principes, des concepts et des grilles d'analyse qui permettent :
- de proposer de nouvelles applications, protocoles et architectures, d'une part pour les sciences de l'ingénieur ;
- de replacer les pratiques sociales, économiques et culturelles qui se cristallisent et se recomposent dans le réseau et le numérique, au sein du fil global de l'histoire et des données de long terme ;
- de repérer les fractures qui se constituent, afin que les sciences humaines et sociales puissent jouer un rôle éclairant pour les citoyens et les acteurs politiques et économiques.
[...] et les derniers mots de la conclusion
Les questions du domaine public et des biens communs de l'information, parce qu'elles permettent d'imaginer une société dans laquelle la transmission et le partage des connaissances serait un moment essentiel de la socialisation et de la vie collective me semblent des questions centrales, qu'il faut encore polir et repolir sur le métier de la recherche sur le document numérique et les réseaux.
Le numérique nous apporte des promesses inégalées de coopération et d'extension de la culture et de la connaissance. Comment permettre à tous les habitants de la planète d'en profiter ? Quels verrous faut ils ouvrir ? Quels ressorts de rêve et d'utopie peuvent être remontés pour que se libère une énergie libératrice ? Comment les réflexions techniques peuvent-elles accompagner un projet social mondial ?
Le chercheur, l'intellectuel et le citoyen sont convoqués pour travailler la compréhension de cet univers du numérique qui irrigue et transforme si profondément nos sociétés. Et faire coopérer les solutions techniques, juridiques, sociales et organisationnelles pour ouvrir des espaces publics mondiaux nouveaux. Ici et maintenant.
Violet, Clément. "Approches quantitatives pour comprendre et prédire l'écologie, la distribution et la biodiversité des habitats benthiques dans l'Anthropocène." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BRES0092.
This thesis aims at better understanding and predicting coastal benthic biodiversity with a specific focus on the role of biogenic habitats in maintaining ecosystem structure and functioning. This thesis explored how different innovative and complementary numeric tools and pipelines can address these objectives at different scales: 1) joint species distribution modelling across two biogenic habitats at a regional scale, and 2) using Machine Learning approaches, defining and modelling the distribution of benthic habitats states at a global and at a national scale. These complementary approaches quantify the relative influence of the environmental and anthropogenic factors (including marine heatwaves and fishing intensity) that determinecoastal biodiversity and the state of benthic habitats. While in both case studies the predictability of the considered species or states was low, these studies have identified future avenues to optimise models inference and prediction of benthic communities. Thus, this thesis provides a critical perspective on existingapproaches available to study and characterise coastal biodiversity; and on the future developments required to better anticipate future ecological responses related to anthropogenic impacts
Imhoff, Camille. "Penser la collaboration dans les organisations à partir des communautés virtuelles sur le réseau social d’entreprise : rapports sociaux et modes de régulation émergents : continuités, contradictions et/ou ruptures." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CNAM1174/document.
Today it seems to be commonly recognized in corporate communication, business publications, as well as in scientific publications, that in our information society the ability to innovate, to build collective intelligence and to capitalize on the knowhow and behavior of the coworkers are essential to the organization performance. For that purpose, collaborative platforms such as Enterprise Social Network (ESN) are massively deployed to provide a powerful tool for formalization, centralization and knowledge management. They support the continuous transformation of the current organizations towards collaborative organizations, in the sense that collaboration means a collective approach of the activity with direct interactions without intermediates at the opposite of the coordination by a third party. However, the collaboration within online communities seems at first rather specific for two main reasons. The first reason is that these collaborative practices indeed refer to a community idealistic model but within a well-organized and hierarchized context with its established rules. The second reason is that we are talking of specific collaborative practices in the sense it is a facilitated collaboration and that finding the right way to manage online communities is key to enable and to ensure collaboration. Indeed, the role of the community manager, manager / facilitator / administrator of the virtual community appears to be a central role in the collaboration strategy of a given organization. Behind the appearance of spontaneity and self-sufficiency of the members, it is a central role not only to launch the community but also to keep it up and running as well as to motivate the members to collaborate. It is also essential and in a more structural way in the marketing and managerial instrumentalization of socialization
Le, Kim-Marlène. "The role of creative communities and entrepreneurs in producing digital content without formal intellectual property : the case of alternative pornography." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAB007/document.
Business models for mainstream porn were extensively explained by Darling (2014).While the role of communities was intentionally overlooked for this segment of the industry, I argue that it is central to the production of alternative pornographies. The research question, then, consists in investigating the role of creative communities and entrepreneurs in producing digital sex-positive pornography in a context of a weak intellectual property regime. I used a qualitative method to tackle this question,in order to document community and entrepreneurial activity in the sex-positive niche. As a conclusion, I find that sex-pos pornographic content is specifically exploited mostly through informal means, based on intrinsic motivation and reputational mechanisms. More specifically, these communities and entrepreneurs are central to the creation of copyrighted content, as they act as informal instruments of intellectual property exploitation and appropriation
Costecalde, Pierre. "Les télévisions celtiques (TG4, S4C, BBC ALBA, FRANCE 3 Bretagne, Brezhoweb) : de l’espace des lieux à l’espace des flux : territorialisation et déterritorialisation." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20026/document.
The television channels broadcasting in a Celtic language (TG4, Ireland), S4C (Wales), BBC ALBA (Scotland), FRANCE 3 Bretagne’s programmes in Breton and BREZHOWEB (France/Bretagne) rest on languages whose linguistic demographics is worrying. These languages are supported by laws and strategies and by the European Charter on Regional and Minority Languages. In a bilingual environment, they depend on favourable public opinions and on language education. Their expression and promotion is boosted by the Celtic television channels. Faced with a very strong competition in a hyper-fragmented mediascape, they are centers of resistance against globalization, located .in the “space of places” (Manuel Castells), broadcasting for “imagined” language communities (Benedict Anderson). Their dependence on financial flows (Arjun Appadurai) creates a permanent tension between economy and media. The financial and economic crisis has triggered a reduction or a stagnation of these channels’ budgets, resulting in social and economic difficulties for them and their independent producers. Most of the channels are now deterritorializing some of their programmes through internet. They increase their audience rates among their diasporas and the public at large by resorting to optional subtitles andadapting international formats such as soap operas or sitcoms. Part and parcel of convergence, these channels are available on numerous digital platforms. Therefore, their future will depend on a post-Brexit agreement, on the implementation of the European Digital Single Market, but above all on the younger generation’s approach towards learning Celtic languages and their use on the many audio-visual digital platforms
Lecomte, Maxime. "Approche hybride de modélisation explicable du métabolisme des écosystèmes microbiens." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0094.
Microbial communities are complex systems composed of various species of microorganisms interacting with each other and with their environment. Systems biology offers a framework for their study, combining experimentation, high-throughput data generation and the integration of the latter into computer models. Understanding these ecosystems requires the analysis of their metabolism and of the exchange of molecules between members, which can have positive or negative impacts on each other. Metabolism is a set of biochemical reactions that can be represented as a genome-scale metabolic network through the association of genes and reactions in an organism. These networks can be used to build metabolic models, mathematical representations of organism behavior under given environmental conditions. Scaling up to the analysis of a community composed of a few species under controlled conditions, or several hundreds in natural environments, raises methodological difficulties in the construction of models. This thesis manuscript deals with the construction of computational models for the analysis of metabolism and metabolic interactions in microbial ecosystems, with a particular attention on explaining the cellular mechanisms underlying bacterial interactions. Numerical solutions are mainly used - ensuring the accuracy of results - but they face combinatorial issues generated by bacterial interactions in large-scale communities. Discrete approaches overcome this problem, but are limited to pairwise analysis. In order to identify a putative methodological tradeoff reconciling the advantages of both approaches, i.e. finding a hybrid approach, a first contribution focuses on the development of a dynamic and accurate numerical model of a cheese bacterial community composed of three strains. Our iterative strategy enables the integration of heterogeneous data through refinement and dynamic calibration steps. This back-and-forth between knowledge and model ensures the accurate prediction of metabolite concentrations and bacterial densities during cheese production. We propose as a second contribution a reasoning-based model for deciphering cooperative and competitive potentials in bacterial communities. This model relies on the inference of logical rules motivated by biology in order to evaluate and compare community interaction potentials. Ecosystem-specific interactions potentials are retrieved, and the fast execution of the reasoning-based approach facilitates the screening of collections of communities. Finally, the third contribution is a reflection on the enrichment of the logic model. We propose a prototype based on the inference of logical rules, enabling (i) the selection of the best community based on biological constraints and (ii) the inference of a temporal notion, which can impact interaction potentials. Through this thesis, we demonstrate that the construction of a hybrid model of metabolism is not required but that a hybrid approach, using numerical models for small communities and discrete models for rapid analysis of full-size communities, seems to be relevant
Guiet, Jérôme. "Environmental impact on fish communities in the global ocean : a mechanistic modeling approach." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT134/document.
The marine biosphere plays a fundamental role in the earth system dynamics (carbon cycle, atmosphere composition, etc.) and provides numerous essential services to humanity (fisheries, carbon sequestration). Its vulnerability to global change (climate change, growing exploitation of natural resources, pollution) makes the study of its evolutions imperative. In this framework, the aim of this thesis is the study of the structuring of the marine biodiversity by hydro-climatic variability of the global ocean, as well as how this structuring impacts on the ecosystems functioning. First, a modelling framework is developed to account for the impact of environment from individuals to populations to communities. It is based on a biomass size spectrum model which represents fish communities with individuals size and species maximum length as only variables. Detailed in Maury O. & Poggiale J. C. (2013) the model is implemented to represent a generic fish community. Indicators of structure, diversity and metabolism are developed to study so represented ecosystems. Once the methodogical framework defined the model is used for the idealized study of the biomass size spectrum properties when constrained with different environmental conditions. The impact of distinct constant primary production and temperature levels are investigated. First the static impact, forcing ecosystems with constant levels. Communities present similar properties for increasing primary production or decreasing water temperature. A succession of four domains characterized by similar fish community features are observed with increasing primary production, decreasing temperature. These distinct charateristics will induce distinct sensitivities of ecosystems function of the level of primary production or temperature. In order to link the results of these numerical experiments to reality the properties of ecosystems along latitudes are also computed. The community biomass spectrum is simulated along stations at different latitudes from pole to equator forcing with mean primary productions and temperatures. The properties of so represented communities enlight the observation of increasing species length with latitude, the so called Bergmann's rule. After the results for static spectra, the dynamic properties of fish community spectra are analyzed through the seasonality. Forcing communities at different latitudes with a seasonal primary production and temperature cycle a more or less strong species sucession is observed. The succession impacts the capacity of communities to maintain larger species during the bad season of poor conditions between two peaks of primary production. Once the properties of the biomass community spectrum investigated in an idealized manner, the model is implemented in the ecosystem model APECOSM in order to account for the spatial interactions and the link with habitat. Applied in the global ocean and forced with physical and biogeochemical NEMO-PISCES domains the model allows the modelling of ecosystems characteristics. Different known characteristics of marine ecosystems are reproduced, especially Bergmann's rule. The current models describing marine ecosystems provide a simplified representation of biodiversity (e.g. NPZD type biochemical models, Ewe or Atlantis type box models, OSMOSE and APECOSM type models). It induces a limitation of their use in the study of the impact of climate change on biodiversity and reversely; for the study of the impact of biodiversity changes on the functioning of ecosystems. The model we describe mechanistically allows the representation of the dynamic of ecosystems from individual bioenergetic and predation interactions while keeping diversity
Boyé, Aurélien. "Diversité taxinomique et fonctionnelle des habitats benthiques dans l'espace et dans le temps : une perspective régionale et décennale Constancy despite variability: Local and regional macrofaunal diversity in intertidal seagrass beds ?, in Journal of Sea Research 130, December 2017." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0110.
This thesis takes advantage of long-term monitoring data covering a regional scale to better apprehend the maindrivers of the diversity of coastal seafloors. Through consideration of multiple spatial and temporal scales and different facets o fcommunity diversity, the main objective of this work was to provide a better predictive understanding of the responses of benthic communities to environmental changes. In particular, this thesis addressed the potential consequences of the on-going homogenisation of the seafloor and the global loss of biogenic habitats, havens of diversity made by foundation species. Through comparison of two such habitats, intertidal seagrass meadows and subtidal maerl beds, with bare sediment devoid of foundationspecies, this thesis has highlighted the key role of biogenicstructures for long-term maintenance of the diversity andfunctioning of benthic communities. Indeed, these habitats mediate the dynamics and responses of benthic communities to environmental conditions, ensure a greater stability of their spatial structures at regional scale, and appeared essential for the long-term maintenance of the ecological functions benthic invertebrates are associated with. This work also highlighted that foundation species may affect benthic communities through different mechanisms, and that has implications on the structure and vulnerability of these communities. Lastly, this the sisemphasized a strong spatial and temporal stability of community richness despite important underlying changes in composition and there by stressed the need to better characterise these compositional variations to guide conservation. These variations contributed, for instance, to an unexpectedly high taxonomic and functional richness of bare sediment at regional scale,similar to those of biogenic habitats, despite being locally depauperate. Overall, broad-scale monitoring programs are fundamental assets to bridge local empirical and theoretical ecological knowledge to the broader scales at which society manage and benefits from natural ecosystems
Fraslin, Marie. "Evaluating the capacity of a virtual r&d community of practice : The case of ALSTOM power hydro." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENI059/document.
In this dissertation, we explore the potential of a forum to support collaboration and knowledge sharing among Virtual Communities of practice. We thus propose a coding scheme based on the Rainbow model and test it in order to analyze the content of two forums of R&D VcoP. We demonstrate that a forum supports asynchronous argumentative activities and thus enhances global collaboration and knowledge sharing among R&D VcoP members. We then propose an enriched model based on the work of Line Dube and tested it to characterize the R&D VcoP studied. We prove that the community configuration has a direct impact on the online dynamic of the community. We point out the main factors that play a key role in fostering online collaboration and knowledge sharing between R&D Virtual community members
Mansilla, Juan Camilo. "Résistance culturelle hybride des jeunes des quartiers populaires à l’ère du numérique : étude de cas et analyse quali-quantitative comparée (AQQC-QCA) de Medellin, Paris et Sao Paulo." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA123/document.
Based on a qualitative comparative analysis (QQA), a method developed by (Ragin, 1987), we propose a theoretical model of the emergence of transmission of the cultural resistance practices of the low income youth from popular neighborhoods of Medellín (Colombia), Paris (France) and São Paulo (Brazil). Our results indicate that the cultural resistance practices of this population appears in two different settings. The first one (M[P+A] → R) happens when the moral communities (that is, not necessarily located in the same geographical area) reach a strong cultural identity, feeds on stigmatizing information flows from the central media sphere of the city (SMCV), and have either information resources offered by the set of public policies of popular intervention or widespread and free use of information and communication technologies related to the Internet. The second one (OA → R), occurs when the use of the TICs by this youth wins density following the growing perception that the government is not interested in attending theirs demands and needs. The current context of global exchange of real and virtual information a) modifies the cultural hybrid networks associated with moral communities and b) builds an urban experience of individuals starting with hybrid public spaces. Our theoretical proposition serves a better understanding of the evolution of the symbolosphere of the peripheral moral communities in the cities of the digital age and the nature of the information as developed by Schumann et Logan (2005) et Logan (2012)
A partir de un análisis cualitativo comparado (QCA), método concebido por Ragin (1987), proponemos un modelo teórico sobre la emergencia y la transmisión de las prácticas de resistencia cultural de los jóvenes de barrios populares de Medellín (Colombia), Paris (Francia) et São Paulo (Brasil). Nuestros resultados indican que las prácticas de resistencia cultural híbrida de estos jóvenes se producen en dos escenarios. El primero (M[P+A] → R) aparece cuando las comunidades morales (i.e., no necesariamente ubicadas en la misma zona geográfica) con una fuerte identidad colectiva, se alimentan de flujos de información estigmatizantes procedentes de la esfera mediática central de la ciudad (SMCV), y disponen ya sea de recursos informacionales ofrecidos por la existencia de políticas públicas de intervención popular, o bien de un acceso generalizado y libre a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación relacionadas con Internet (TICi). El segundo (OA → R) emerge cuando el uso de las TICi por parte de estos jóvenes aumenta y tienen la percepción de que el gobierno no se interesa en ellos, ni en sus demandas ni en sus necesidades. El contexto global actual de intercambio presencial y virtual de información a) modifica las redes culturales híbridas asociadas a las comunidades morales, y; b) construye la experiencia urbana de los individuos a partir de espacios públicos híbridos. Nuestra propuesta teórica sirve, de manera general, para entender la evolución de la “simbolosfera” de las comunidades morales periféricas urbanas en la era digital, así como la naturaleza de la información propuesta por Schumann et Logan (2005) et Logan (2012)
Com base em uma análise qualitativa comparativa ou “Qualitative Comparative Analysis” (QCA), método desenvolvido por (Ragin, 1987), propomos um modelo teórico da emergência e da transmissão de práticas de resistência cultural entre jovens de baixa renda em territórios populares de Medellín (Colômbia), Paris (França) e São Paulo (Brasil). Nossos resultados indicam que as práticas de resistência cultural híbrida desses jovens seguem dois roteiros. O primeiro (M[P+A] → R), quando as comunidades morais (ou seja, não necessariamente localizados na mesma área geográfica) alcançam forte identidade coletiva, alimenta-se de fluxos de informação estigmatizantes oriundos da esfera de mídia central da cidade (SMCV) e dispõem seja de recursos de informação oferecidos pelo conjunto de políticas públicas de intervenção popular, seja de um aceso generalizado e livre as tecnologias de informação e comunicação relacionadas à Internet (TICi). O segundo (OA → R), quando o uso das TICs por esses jovens ganha densidade na medida em que amadurecem a percepção de que o governo não está interessado em atender suas demandas e necessidades. O atual contexto global de troca presencial e virtual de informações a) modifica as redes culturais híbridas associadas a comunidades morais e b) constrói a experiência urbana de indivíduos a partir de espaços públicos híbridos. Nossa proposta teórica serve, mais amplamente, para entender a evolução da “simbolosfera” das comunidades morais periféricas das cidades na era digital e a natureza da informação tal como desenvolvida por Schumann e Logan (2005) e Logan (2012)
Brochu, Sébastien. "Archivage et transmission des films de famille dans l’environnement numérique." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21911.
Lafite, Clément. "La communauté à l’épreuve de la technologie : les groupes et centres autogérés de cinéastes au Québec et en Ontario à l’heure de la digitalisation." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11128.
Combe, Celik C. "PRATIQUES DISCURSIVES DANS UNE FORMATION EN LIGNE A LA DIDACTIQUE DU FRANÇAIS LANGUE ETRANGERE : une analyse de la communication pédagogique asynchrone." Phd thesis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00508363.
Roufs, Emma. "Esprit du don, dispositifs et reconnaissance : de "Diaries, Notes and Sketches : Also Known as Walden" (1969) à "The First Forty" (2006) de Jonas Mekas." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10385.
Having spent more than 4 years in camps of forced labor, Jonas Mekas, Lithuanian, is deported by the United-Nations in 1949 to the United States. With his brother, both survivors of the Second World War, they manage to acquire a bolex 16 mm camera. Outside the Hollywood cinematographic industry, Mekas participates to the institutionalization of the underground artistic community by creating cooperatives, associations and magazines. Mekas is devoting his time to make experimental film genre accessible and allows it to become publicly recognized for its artistic value, which would lead towards protecting and preserving it. In 1969, Mekas produced "Diaries, Notes and Sketches: Also Known has Walden" which condense 4 years of capturing everyday events, people, New York, nature. From his Walden, Mekas will reuse some sequences found in this first draft when comes the time to edit new films. In 2006, Mekas produces his “first digital essay” entitled "The First Forty" (2006). It consists in a presentation of his cinematic labor to a new public, his “new Internet Audience”, in which sequences of Walden appear. Accessible on his official website, this digital piece is composed by videos and their textual descriptions, reminding us of Diaries, Notes and Sketches: Also Known has Walden and its table of content drafted by the artist in 1969. These two apparatus have a similar function : by them, Jonas Mekas explicitly gives these two pieces to the spectators. By investigating the sociological “gift theory” developed by the Jacques T. Godbout, our project was to reveal how “the gift spirit" can be found within those two creations. This study allows us to believe that audiovisual/cinematographic apparatus created by Mekas are “objects” which can be received such as gifts leading to arrouse the spectator’s desire to give in his turn. In this way, they are personal and collective symbolic cement necessary for the fulfillment of the process of “recognition” which involves the gift spirit.
Labelle-Dion, Étienne. "Le rôle de la photographie dans la mise en scène des influenceurs sur Instagram : le cas Camille DG." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24162.
The term "influencer" emerged in the 1990s to describe certain bloggers’ actions. The influencer is, in fact, a mediator between a brand and its consumers. Close to consumers, since s/he is one, the influencer often proves to be much more persuasive than a simple advertising campaign. The power of influence is not new. In the 13th century, the Latin word “influencia” was already used to evoke the action of the stars on human destiny. From stars to modern-day influencers, the power of influence over a given population has always fascinated our curiosity. On digital social networks, the term "influencer" is generally used to describe a person with a large number of subscribers. However, there has been little research on these web "stars" as they are a relatively recent phenomenon. This research focuses on the role of photography in the staging of the influencer Camille Dg on the successful digital platform Instagram. We have built on her personal experience by adopting a methodology based on online ethnography, participant observation and semi- directed individual interviews. This research has shown us that photography plays an important role in maintaining a community, getting a message across, acquiring business partners and maintaining relationships. As such, this dissertation contributes to the literature surrounding the process of “mise en scène” on digital social networks.
Boyé, Aurélien. "Diversité taxinomique et fonctionnelle des habitats benthiques dans l’espace et dans le temps : une perspective régionale et décennale." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22582.