Статті в журналах: "Common-Feeding"

1

Creaser, Edwin P., Herbert C. Perkins, and Fran Pierce. "Common Loons Feeding on Lobsters." Maine Naturalist 1, no. 4 (1993): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3858183.

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2

Walker, Marsha. "Conquering Common Breast-feeding Problems." Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing 22, no. 4 (October 2008): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jpn.0000341356.45446.23.

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3

Ogle, Karen S., and Mary A. Alfano. "Common problems of initiating breast-feeding." Postgraduate Medicine 82, no. 6 (November 1987): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1987.11700038.

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4

Sealock, Robert Jay, and Khushboo Munot. "Common Gastrostomy Feeding Tube Complications and Troubleshooting." Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 16, no. 12 (December 2018): 1864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2018.07.037.

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5

Evans, Murray C., Cate Macgregor, and Peter J. Jarman. "Diet and feeding selectivity of common wombats." Wildlife Research 33, no. 4 (2006): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr05047.

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The seasonal diets and feeding selectivity of common wombats (Vombatus ursinus) in mountainous eucalypt forest, eucalypt woodland and pasture were determined using faecal analysis. Grass species contributed the largest proportion (95%) of epidermal fragment area in faecal pellets, with at least 20 species being eaten. The most abundant grasses in pellets in all seasons were the tough, wiry snow grasses (Poa sieberiana and P. labillardieri), with Microlaena stipoides comprising a substantial proportion of the diet in summer and autumn. Grass leaf was the most abundant plant part in pellets (81%), with grass stem and grass sheath comprising 11%. The seasonal proportion of grass seedhead in pellets varied from just traces during autumn and winter to a substantial component of the diet during summer (21% of epidermal fragments in pellets). Forbs comprised less than 1% of pellet material, and tree or shrub species were not detected in the diet. Feeding selectivity (and hence dietary niche breadth) varied seasonally; wombats become less selective in their feeding as plant diversity and abundance decreased. Positive selection was shown for monocots and negative selection for forbs. Grass species were eaten in broadly similar proportions to their abundances in the field, but with moderate to strong selection or rejection of a few species.

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6

Strong, Paul I. V., and John A. Bissonette. "Feeding and Chick-Rearing Areas of Common Loons." Journal of Wildlife Management 53, no. 1 (January 1989): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3801308.

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7

BELL, KATHY K., and NORMA L. RAWLINGS. "Promoting Breast-feeding by Managing Common Lactation Problems." Nurse Practitioner 23, no. 6 (June 1998): 102???108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006205-199806000-00002.

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8

Rogerson, C. M. "Feeding the common people of Johannesburg, 1930–1962." Journal of Historical Geography 12, no. 1 (January 1986): 56–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-7488(86)80010-x.

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9

Mazanec, Z., and M. J. Justin. "FEEDING AND NON-FEEDING STAGES WITHIN LARVAL INSTARS OF PERTHIDA GLYPHOPA COMMON (LEPIDOFTERA: INCURVARIIDAE)." Australian Journal of Entomology 28, no. 2 (May 1989): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1989.tb01206.x.

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10

R., Yogendra Prasad, Chandrakala P., and Manasa G. "Common breast feeding problems in mothers in early postnatal period." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 2 (February 22, 2017): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20170721.

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Background: Breast feeding is the optimal method of feeding in infants and provides improved short and long term health outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify common breast feeding problems in mothers in early postnatal period.Methods: Four hundred and ninety-four mothers in early postnatal period admitted in Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre were enrolled in this study during the period from March 2016 to June 20016.All the mothers were questioned regarding about their knowledge of breast feeding, health education received during Antenatal visits, the problems during breast feeding and were also observed for any mistakes of mothers during breast feeding.Results: In this study, the age of the mothers was in the range between 18-38 years. Out of them most were house wives (87.5%) and from urban area (78.4%). This study showed lacking antenatal education of mothers about breast feeding. Among the study group only about 13% had the knowledge about breast feeding, which reflects real breast feeding problems especially in the postnatal period which is critical period in starting and continuation of breast feeding. Among the problems encountered, majority of the mothers had no experience how to hold the baby in right position for breast feeding (16.5%), mothers believed that milk was not sufficient (13%) and the refusal of the baby to suckle (8.7%).Conclusions: This study clearly shows that there is lack of knowledge regarding importance of breast feeding and its benefits to the baby by mothers, during antenatal visits which leads to all problems during breast feeding and hence has to be tackled earlier during pregnancy by educating them about breast feeding.

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11

Al-Faiz, Nawras A., Amer A. Jabir, and Abdul Karim T. Yesser. "Variance salinity concentrations effects on survival, growth and feeding of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE 6, no. 2 (2009): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijaq.2009.6.2.1.

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12

Przybył, Antoni, Jan Mazurkiewicz, Bartosz Wudarczak, Marta Molińska-Glura, and Krzysztof Moliński. "A usability trial of erythrocyte meal in feeding juveniles of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L." Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36, no. 1 (June 30, 2006): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3750/aip2006.36.1.08.

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13

Juškaitis, Rimvydas. "FEEDING BY THE COMMON DORMOUSE (MUSCARDINUS AVELLANARIUS): A REVIEW." Acta Zoologica Lituanica 17, no. 2 (January 2007): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13921657.2007.10512827.

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14

Finney, Jack W. "Preventing Common Feeding Problems in Infants and Young Children." Pediatric Clinics of North America 33, no. 4 (August 1986): 775–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36072-2.

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15

Morris, Ralph D. "Seasonal differences in courtship feeding rates of male common terns." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-074.

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Courtship feeding rates by male common terns (Sterna hirundo) nesting late in the 1982 breeding season were markedly lower than those of peak nesters in that year. In 1983, however, there were no differences in courtship feeding rates between peak and late nesters. Both groups of males in 1983 fed females at similar rates before the first eggs were laid, and both rates declined after the second eggs were laid. Larger fish were fed to the females later in the season. Late nesting males adjusted their feeding rates to the size of fish delivered; males feeding larger fish fed them at a lower rate than males feeding smaller fish. There was no difference in the weights of three-egg clutches laid by peak and late nesting females, and there was no correlation between courtship feeding rate and clutch weight. As all females were apparently able to obtain sufficient nutrition to provision their eggs adequately, I suggest that 1983 was an unusually favourable food year at Port Colborne. This view accepts courtship feeding as an adaptation enabling the female to obtain sufficient nutrients before and during egg laying. Other functions of the behaviour at other times during a breeding bout are not precluded.

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16

Wittenrich, Matthew L., Nicole R. Rhody, Ralph G. Turingan, and Kevan L. Main. "Coupling osteological development of the feeding apparatus with feeding performance in common snook, Centropomus undecimalis, larvae: Identifying morphological constraints to feeding." Aquaculture 294, no. 3-4 (September 2009): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.06.006.

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17

Hoogenboezem, Wim, Eddy H. R. R. Lammens, Yvette van Vugt, and Jan W. M. Osse. "A model for switching between particulate-feeding and filter-feeding in the common bream, Abramis brama." Environmental Biology of Fishes 33, no. 1-2 (January 1992): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00002549.

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18

Cox, Lynne S., and Julie A. Mattison. "Increasing longevity through caloric restriction or rapamycin feeding in mammals: common mechanisms for common outcomes?" Aging Cell 8, no. 5 (October 2009): 607–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-9726.2009.00509.x.

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19

McClintock, James B., Daniel P. Swenson, Deborah K. Steinberg, and Anthony A. Michaels. "Feeding-deterrent properties of common oceanic holoplankton from Bermudian waters." Limnology and Oceanography 41, no. 4 (June 1996): 798–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1996.41.4.0798.

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20

Marsh, Karen J., Ian R. Wallis, and William J. Foley. "DETOXIFICATION RATES CONSTRAIN FEEDING IN COMMON BRUSHTAIL POSSUMS (TRICHOSURUS VULPECULA)." Ecology 86, no. 11 (November 2005): 2946–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/05-0303.

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21

Jones, Jody J., and Ronald D. Drobney. "Winter Feeding Ecology of Scaup and Common Goldeneye in Michigan." Journal of Wildlife Management 50, no. 3 (July 1986): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3801102.

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22

Öst, Markus, and Tekla Tierala. "Synchronized vigilance while feeding in common eider brood-rearing coalitions." Behavioral Ecology 22, no. 2 (2011): 378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arq223.

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23

Liu, Zhibin, Michel Vancassel, and Rene Quris. "FEMALE FEEDING AID IN COMMON EARWIG FORFICULA AURICU-LARIA L." Insect Science 4, no. 1 (March 1997): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7917.1997.tb00074.x.

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24

Hongjian, Wang, Hao Qiyan, Yi Min, Zhang Dehai, Dong Xingchao, Liu Yang, and Chen Xue. "Multi‐frequency dual polarisation radiometer common aperture antenna feeding system." IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 12, no. 11 (July 25, 2018): 1765–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2018.5158.

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25

Shimeno, Sadao, Takafumi Shikata, Hidetsuyo Hosokawa, Toshiro Masumoto, and Driss Kheyyali. "Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp, Cyprinus carpio." Aquaculture 151, no. 1-4 (May 1997): 371–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(96)01492-5.

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26

Cooke, Lucy, Claire Higgins, and Úna McCrann. "Managing common feeding difficulties in toddlers and pre-school children." Paediatrics and Child Health 27, no. 8 (August 2017): 366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2017.04.001.

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27

You, Ji Hyun, Hae Jin Jeong, Hee Chang Kang, Jin Hee Ok, Sang Ah Park, and An Suk Lim. "Feeding by common heterotrophic protist predators on seven Prorocentrum species." ALGAE 35, no. 1 (March 15, 2020): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4490/algae.2020.35.2.28.

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28

Epps, Mary Jane, and Clint A. Penick. "Facultative mushroom feeding by common woodland ants (Formicidae, Aphaenogaster spp.)." Food Webs 14 (March 2018): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2017.12.001.

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29

Kuz’mina, V. V. "Influence of feeding regime and of food biochemical composition upon feeding behavior in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)." Journal of Ichthyology 49, no. 1 (January 2009): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0032945209010135.

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30

Kwak, Thomas J., Michael J. Wiley, Lewis L. Osborne, and R. Weldon Larimore. "Application of Diel Feeding Chronology to Habitat Suitability Analysis of Warmwater Stream Fishes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, no. 7 (July 1, 1992): 1417–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-157.

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Diel feeding chronology and daily ration were determined from stomach or foregut contents of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), golden redhorse (Moxostoma erythrurum), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), and longear sunfish (Lepomis megalotis) in the Vermilion River, Illinois. Feeding was highly variable among individuals, hours, and months for each species. Discontinuous feeding was detected in common carp, golden redhorse, and channel catfish. Common carp and the two centrarchid species fed with greatest intensity near sunrise and sunset; golden redhorse and channel catfish feeding was highest at night. Daily ration estimates were higher for fishes with stomachs than those for stomachless species. Microhabitats occupied by fish over the diel period were identified using nondisruptive techniques: direct observation, prepositioned electrofishing, and radiotelemetry. Microhabitat use during high-feeding periods was significantly different [Formula: see text] than that during low feeding for at least one habitat variable in each species examined. Association with cover also varied between feeding regimes. Our findings suggest that realism of instream flow assessments may be improved if habitat suitability criteria are stratified by feeding regime.

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31

Baraskewich, Jessica, Kristin M. von Ranson, Adam McCrimmon, and Carly A. McMorris. "Feeding and eating problems in children and adolescents with autism: A scoping review." Autism 25, no. 6 (March 2, 2021): 1505–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361321995631.

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Feeding problems, such as picky eating and food avoidance, are common in youth with autism. Other feeding and eating problems (e.g. disordered eating, fear of trying new foods, and insistence on specific food presentation) are also common in this population. This scoping review describes the nature and extent of feeding and eating problems in autistic youth and reports characteristics of autistic youth who experience such issues. Thirty-four studies were included in the current review, with almost all studies (91%) investigating feeding problems. Only 9% of studies examined concern with weight, shape, and/or body image, but several authors noted that disordered eating attitudes and behaviors may occur more frequently in those with autism than their peers without autism. No common individual characteristics (e.g. cognitive functioning and autism symptom severity) were identified for youth who experience feeding or eating problems. Although differentiating “feeding” from “eating” problems is critical for accurate identification and treatment of these issues, the existing literature has failed to do so. We propose that in future research “eating problems” be used when behaviors involve preoccupation with food, eating, or body image, and “feeding problems” be used when such preoccupation is absent. Lay abstract Feeding problems, such as picky eating and food avoidance, are common in youth with autism. Other, broader difficulties with feeding and eating (eating disorder symptoms such as restricting food intake or preoccupation with body shape or weight and insistence on specific food presentation) are also common in autistic individuals. Here, we describe the nature and extent of feeding and eating problems in youth with autism. We found no common characteristics (such as severity of autism symptoms) that best describe autistic youth who experience problems with feeding or eating. Almost all studies we reviewed focused on problems with feeding (selective or picky eating), and only a few studies focused on eating disorder symptoms (concern with weight, shape, and/or body image). However, some researchers reported that eating disorder symptoms may occur more often in autistic individuals compared to their peers without autism. Many studies used the terms “feeding” and “eating” problems interchangeably, but understanding the difference between these problems is important for researchers to be consistent, as well as for proper identification and treatment. We suggest future researchers use “eating problems” when behaviors involve preoccupation with food, eating, or body image, and “feeding problems” when this preoccupation is absent. We highlight the importance of understanding whether feeding or eating problems are separate from autism traits, and the role of caregivers and other adults in the child’s treatment. Considerations for health-care providers to assist with diagnosis and treatment are also provided.

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32

Pelto, Gretel H., Emily Levitt, and Lucy Thairu. "Improving Feeding Practices: Current Patterns, Common Constraints, and the Design of Interventions." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 24, no. 1 (January 2003): 45–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482650302400104.

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We propose a set of “best-practice complementary feeding behaviors,” which were derived by combining principles of psychosocial care with current knowledge in nutritional sciences. We provide a theoretical rationale for assessing and describing complementary feeding practices in terms of what is fed, how food is prepared and given, who feeds the child, when food is fed (frequency and scheduling), and the feeding environment (where ). We also discuss the significance of selected sociocultural determinants of these practices for the design of interventions. We then review 18 case studies in relation to these practices and their determinants. The exercise, in which we abstracted data from ethnographic reports, revealed areas of congruence and deviations from best-practice behaviors. The data on feeding practices are described with a common framework to facilitate comparison across sites. Key themes emerging from the studies include the significance of the larger family, the effects of competing maternal time demands, and the importance of parental perceptions and cultural constructs in affecting complementary feeding practices. Finally, we discuss the implications of the findings for future interventions.

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33

Dharmaraj, Rajmohan, Rasha Elmaoued, Razan Alkhouri, Pankaj Vohra, and Ricardo O. Castillo. "Evaluation and Management of Pediatric Feeding Disorder." Gastrointestinal Disorders 5, no. 1 (February 16, 2023): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gidisord5010008.

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Feeding disorders are increasingly common in children, especially as medical advancements improve the life expectancy of children born with prematurity and complex medical conditions. The most common symptoms include malnutrition, refusal to eat and drink, food pocketing, disruptive feeding behavior, slow feeding, food selectivity or rigid food preferences, limited appetite, and delayed feeding milestones. A unifying diagnostic definition of pediatric feeding disorder has been proposed by a panel of experts to improve the quality of health care and advance research. Referral to specialized care should be considered when feeding problems are complex or difficult to resolve. In this review, we provide an overview of the evaluation and management of pediatric feeding disorders and information that may be useful when considering whether referral to specialized care may be beneficial.

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34

Zambrano-Cevallos, Ricardo, Ariatna Villarreal, Susana León Yánez, and Benjamin Øllgaard. "Unusual feeding record for a Neotropical rodent: a common Andean lycophyte." Notas sobre Mamíferos Sudamericanos 02, no. 1 (December 2020): 001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31687/saremnms.20.0.40.

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35

Breathnach, Ailish, Rosemary Geoghegan, and Edina Moylett. "Parental intentions regarding introduction of common food allergens during complimentary feeding." Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 32, no. 6 (April 18, 2021): 1384–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pai.13512.

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36

Foley, Gabriel J., and Lyndsie S. Wszola. "Observation of Common Nighthawks (Chordeiles minor) and Bats (Chiroptera) Feeding Concurrently." Northeastern Naturalist 24, no. 2 (June 2017): N26—N28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/045.024.0208.

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37

Wiggins, David A., and Ralph D. Morris. "Courtship Feeding and Copulatory Behaviour in the Common Tern Sterna hirundo." Ornis Scandinavica 19, no. 2 (May 1988): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3676467.

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38

Labib, E., E. Omar, A. E. Tag-El-Din, and A. M. Nour. "Utilization of Egyptian mallow in feeding common carp (Cypronus carpio L.)." Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 7, no. 2 (June 1, 1994): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1994.191.

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39

Barry, Robert. "Feeding the Comatose and the Common Good in the Catholic Tradition." Thomist: A Speculative Quarterly Review 53, no. 1 (1989): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tho.1989.0050.

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40

Prakash, Manu, and Miles Steele. "The hungry fly: Hydrodynamics of feeding in the common house fly." Physics of Fluids 23, no. 9 (September 2011): 091110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3640023.

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41

Shabrawi, H., A. M. EL-Shikha, M. E. Ghazy, and Y. Abd El-Salam. "Investigation an Electronic Device to Complemet the Common Planter Feeding Device." Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering 10, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2019.62231.

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42

Kang, Hee Chang, Hae Jin Jeong, Kim So Jin, Ji Hyun You, and Jin Hee Ok. "Differential feeding by common heterotrophic protists on 12 different Alexandrium species." Harmful Algae 78 (September 2018): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2018.08.005.

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43

Das Gupta, Rajat. "Feeding Practices among Infants in a Rural Community in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Medical Students 2, no. 3 (September 15, 2014): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2014.99.

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Background: Proper feeding practices during infancy are necessary for the growth and development of infants and to prevent malnutrition. This study was conducted to describe the feeding practice among infants in a rural area in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and June 2013. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews of 212 mothers using a pretested questionnaire. Results: Exclusive breast feeding and complementary feeding rates were 40.6% and 97.3%, respectively. One third of the mothers practiced prelactal feeding, and honey was the most common item. Maternal illness (72.7%) was the most common reason for not giving breast milk. Infant formula was used as an alternative food in majority of the cases (72.7%). Conclusion: Percentage of exclusive breast feeding was not satisfactory. Encouragement of female education is recommended to improve feeding practices and infant care

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44

Mugode, Raider Habulembe, Musonda Mofu, and Oliver Mweemba. "Common Complementary Feeding Practices Among Under-Five Children: The Case of Zambia." International Journal of Nutrition 4, no. 3 (July 5, 2019): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-19-2721.

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Introduction In the past several decades, Zambia has suffered high levels of under nutrition particularly stunting among children below 5 years of age. Although appropriate complementary feeding practices are reported to reduce child deaths by 6%, they have not received the adequate attention from programme officers and caregivers in terms of implementation. Objectives The objective was to investigate issues surrounding the common complementary feeding practices practised by caregivers of children below five years in health facilities and areas where high rates of malnutrition admission come from. Design A cross sectional research using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The study used mostly proportions based mostly on global indicators on complementary feeding. Qualitative data was also analysed according to themes of global complementary feeding indicators Setting The study was conducted in five hospitals, namely Arthur Davison, Solwezi Central, Kabwe and Livingstone General, and University Teaching Hospital. Subjects The target populations were mothers whose children were admitted for malnutrition and those with children 0-59 months living in communities with the highest number of malnourished cases admitted to selected hospitals Results About45.2% (190) of caregivers introduced liquids before six months of age and 7.6% (32) after 6 months attributing child thirst, medication and advice from health worker as the main reasons. Slightly above half (54.2% of 224) of mothers/caregivers used cups to feed their babies. The use of feeding bottles was still common (8.2% of 34). Responsibility to feed the child is mostly left to the mother (86.4%, 362). In addition, children were being feed about 2.67 (SD 0-72) per day. Conclusions Child feeding practices were still poor. This contributes to poor child growth and health. More interventions should be planned to improve child care behaviour.

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45

Pradana, Andiko, Julie Ekasari, Dedi Jusadi, Shela Marlinda, and Ichsan Achmad Fauzi. "Evaluation of color-based classical conditioning as feeding stimuli in common carp, Cyprinus carpio." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1033, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1033/1/012012.

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Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the application of classical conditioning using light and color as a feeding trigger for common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Common carp (average size 38.8 g, stocking density ten fish/tank) was reared in a 120 l glass aquarium equipped with a top filter, thermostat, and aeration. The designated treatment that used in this study is (1) CTRL treatment whereas color, light position, and feeding position assigned randomly (2) FEED treatment whereas green color was associated with feeding (3) FEEDxSTRESS treatment whereas green color was associated with feeding and red color were associated with stress by giving disturbance in the tank for a short period of time (4) negative control whereas no treatment was given. To evaluate feeding responses, we observe time required for 80% of fish to gather in the feeding area (T80%), the number of fish gather around in the feeding area at 5 seconds after LED that associated with feeding was switched on (DF5s), and total feed intake of the fish. Using two-way ANOVA, the result shows improvement in T80% of FEED treatment compared to initial measurement (178 s vs. 85 s, P=0.012), while no difference was found in DF5s and feed intake.

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Crowell, Cierra N., and Erin B. Perry. "PSII-15 Investigations of feeding preferences for common palatants in equine weanlings." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.585.

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Abstract Work in other species has demonstrated an impact of gestational exposure on flavor preferences. Although equine palatability preferences in mature horses have been identified, feeding behaviors in growing horses are not well documented. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of exposure to common palatants in utero on feeding preferences of weanlings. Stock-type weanlings (n = 4) weighing 225(±18.15) kg at 29(±2.55) weeks of age were used in a side-by-side comparison test with a divided feeding platform. Common palatants (apple and anise) were utilized throughout the broodmare gestational period. A novel palatant, peppermint, was withheld during gestation to identify impacts associated with neophobic tendencies. Treatments were offered once daily for three consecutive days across three periods (4 weeks apart) using a pelleted concentrate feed with an application rate of 0.375 mL/0.23 kg. Weanlings were allowed free access to the feeding platform with identical pans spaced 6” apart for 20 minutes. Treatment location within the feeding platform was changed daily to limit effects associated with side-eating. Data were measured as a Chi Square test of SAS using PROC FREQ statement with α ≤. 0.05. Despite gestational exposure to apple and anise, no preference was measured in palatability assessments including First Sniff (P = 0.29), First Consumed (P = 0.70), First Finished (P = 0.29). These data suggest that exposure in utero failed to elicit a preference for common palatants in weanling horses. Additionally, these data fail to demonstrate a neophobic effect for a novel palatant, peppermint.

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Deepika, Kumari, Atul Bhatnagar, Rajesh Bansal, and Aprajita Verma. "Management of Feeding Problems in Infants with Cleft Palate and Review on Pierre-Robin Syndrome." JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY DENTAL RESEARCH 8, no. 1 (July 8, 2022): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.38138/jmdr/v8i1.21.15.

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Pierre Robin syndrome is a congenital disorder with triad of features micrognathia, glossoptosis which result in airway obstruction and feeding difficulties and cleft palate. Cleft palate is the most common congenital anomalies of craniofacial region seen in Pierre-Robin syndrome. Infants with cleft palate have to face various problems. Difficulty in feeding is the most common problem faced by cleft palate neonates that made them difficult to maintain adequate nutrition, result in failure to thrive. There are many methods given in literature to overcome this problem including special type of nursing bottles. In this case report, fabrication of feeding plate to obturate the defect in palate and its use in managing feeding problem is described. Keywords: Cleft palate, Feeding plate, PierreRobin Syndrome

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Herrera, L. A., V. V. Kuhnen, and E. G. Sanches. "Does intensive feeding frequency affect growth performance of common snook Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792)?" Brazilian Journal of Biology 79, no. 3 (September 2019): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.186394.

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Abstract Salt water recirculation systems using automatic feeders are a new frontier for marine aquaculture. It is possible to decrease the vulnerability of the traditional fish farming in open systems and reduce wasteful feeding and discharge of effluents, as well as increase the economic returns. An experiment with common snook fingerings (4.31 ± 1.42 g and 8.4 ± 1.0 cm) was performed. Three feeding treatments were evaluated: six, twelve and eighteen feeding times per day. Each treatment had three replications. Among the three tested frequencies (fed 6, 12 and 18 times a day), the feeding frequency of 12 times per day (every two hours) showed the best values of the parameters evaluated for production performance. The final weight values, condition factor, specific growth rate and daily weight gain of the treatment 12 feeding times per day were all significantly higher than the lower and higher frequencies. Our results demonstrate that high feeding frequency is not synonymous of higher performance, but is extremely necessary to find out the best range for the target species. Besides, this relationship between feeding frequency and growth performance might change over weight range. Therefore, future studies should address higher weight ranges for comparison to our results.

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Taher, Majid Makky. "Effects of feeding ratio on growth and food conversion rate of common carp Cyprinus carpio reared in floating cages." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE 11, no. 1 (2014): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijaq.2014.11.1.2.

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Sorokin, YI. "Biomass, metabolic rates and feeding of some common reef zoantharians and octocorals." Marine and Freshwater Research 42, no. 6 (1991): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9910729.

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The biomass of individual polyps in most common octocorals ranged from 40 to 90 �g C, and the biomass of polyps per 1 g wet weight of colony ranged from 15 to 30 mg C. In the case of zoantharians, the corresponding values were 0.6 mg C and 3.7 mg C g-1 for Palythoa caesia and 9 mg C and 73 mg C g-1 for Zoanthus sociatus. In both octocorals and zoantharians, the percentage ratios of the biomass of zooxanthellae to the biomass of polyps were similar to those in scleractinians: 1.5-4.0%. The rate of photosynthesis ranged from 0.1 to 3.2 mg C g-1 dry weight of colony per day. The ratio of photosynthesis to respiration in most symbiotic octocorals was more than 1 (1.4-2.7); it was less than 1 only in Alcyonium molle and Lobophytum roxasi. Daily respiration in symbiotic octocorals and zoantharians represented 0.6-3.0% of the total biomass of their polyps; in asymbiotic species, it was around 2-5%. Heterotrophic predatory feeding, sedimentary feeding, and feeding on dissolved organic matter were quantified by radiocarbon labelling. The ability to prey on and use different kinds of food varied with taxonomic group. Also, zoantharians and octocorals were much poorer heterotrophic feeders than are scleractinians. By heterotrophic feeding at optimum food concentrations, most zoantharians and octocorals could satisfy 10-100% of their energy requirements (cf. 200-300% for scleractinian corals). The extent of success of zoantharians and octocorals in competition with scleractinians is discussed.

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