Статті в журналах: "COMMON COUPLING POINT (CCP)"

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Coman, Ciprian Mihai, Adriana Florescu, and Constantin Daniel Oancea. "Improving the Efficiency and Sustainability of Power Systems Using Distributed Power Factor Correction Methods." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 13, 2020): 3134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083134.

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For the equipment connected to the three-phase or single-phase grid, the power factor represents an efficiency measure for the usage of electrical energy. The power factor improvement through correction methods reduces the load on the transformers and power conductors, leading to a reduction of losses in the mains power supply and a sustainable grid system. The implications at the financial level are also important. An example of load that generates a small power factor is represented by a motor without mechanical load or having a small mechanical load. Given the power factor correction (PFC), the costs are reduced through the elimination of penalties, applying only in the common coupling point (CCP). The advantages of using equipment for the power factor correction are related also to their long operation duration and the easiness of their installation. The device presented in this article takes advantage of the advances in information and communication technology (ICT) to create a new approach for telemetry and remote configuration of a PFC. This approach has flexibility and versatility, such that it can be adapted to many loads, easily changing the capacitance steps and settings of the power factor correction device.

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Maataoui, Yassir, Hamid Chekenbah, Omar Boutfarjoute, Vicenç Puig, and Rafik Lasri. "A Coordinated Voltage Regulation Algorithm of a Power Distribution Grid with Multiple Photovoltaic Distributed Generators Based on Active Power Curtailment and On-Line Tap Changer." Energies 16, no. 14 (July 10, 2023): 5279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16145279.

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The aim of this research is to manage the voltage of an active distribution grid with a low X/R ratio and multiple Photovoltaic Distributed Generators (PVDGs) operating under varying conditions. This is achieved by providing a methodology for coordinating three voltage-based controllers implementing an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The first controller is for the On-Line Tap Changer (OLTC), which computes its adequate voltage reference. Whereas the second determines the required Active Power Curtailment (APC) setpoint for PVDG units with the aim of regulating the voltage magnitude and preventing continuous tap operation (the hunting problem) of OLTC. Finally, the last component is an auxiliary controller designed for reactive power adjustment. Its function is to manage voltage at the Common Coupling Point (CCP) within the network. This regulation not only aids in preventing undue stress on the OLTC but also contributes to a modest reduction in active power generated by PVDGs. The algorithm coordinating between these three controllers is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK and tested on a modified IEEE 33-bus power distribution grid (PDG). The results revealed the efficacy of the adopted algorithm in regulating voltage magnitudes in all buses compared to the traditional control method.

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Grigoraș, Gheorghe, Livia Noroc, Ecaterina Chelaru, Florina Scarlatache, Bogdan-Constantin Neagu, Ovidiu Ivanov, and Mihai Gavrilaș. "Coordinated Control of Single-Phase End-Users for Phase Load Balancing in Active Electric Distribution Networks." Mathematics 9, no. 21 (October 21, 2021): 2662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9212662.

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In the paper, a coordinated control methodology of single-phase (1-P) end-users switching operations on the phases of an active electric distribution network (AEDN) has been proposed to obtain a minimum unbalance degree at the coupling common point (CCP) level with the main distribution system. The phase load balancing (PLB) process considers the smart devices that switch the 1-P end-users (consumers and prosumers) from one phase to another to compensate for the phase load unbalance. The proposed methodology has been tested successfully in an AEDN belonging to a Romanian Distribution Network Operator (DNO) containing 114 end-users (104 consumers/10 prosumers) integrated into the Smart Metering System (SMS). The optimal solution leads to a value of the objective function by 1.00, represented by the unbalance factor (UF), which could be identified with the ideal target. A comparative analysis was conducted considering other possible PLB cases (the consumer-level PLB and prosumer-level PLB), obtaining similar values of the UF (1.027 vs. 1.028), slightly higher than in the hybrid-level PLB. Additionally, the significant technical benefits were quantified through an energy-saving of 58.73% and decreasing the phase voltage unbalance rate by 91% compared to the initial case (without PLB). These results emphasized the positive impact of the proposed coordinated control methodology on the PLB process and evidenced its effectiveness and applicability in the AEDNs.

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Mohammed, Saidu Kumo, Norman Mariun, Mohd Amran Mohd Radzi, and Noor Izzri Abdul Wahab. "Impact of Inverter Controller on Efficiency and Islanding of Photovoltaic Distributed Generation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 785 (August 2015): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.785.167.

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The increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) Distributed Generation (DG) systems in the electric power distribution system necessitates the development of power electronics inverter to interface the PV DG with the grid. The output parameters of the DG are determined by the inverter control strategy. An open-loop control (NCTRL) and two close-loop controls; Constant-Current Control (CCC) and Constant-Power Control (CPC) were considered for the inverter. The impact of inverter control techniques are compared based on power transformation efficiency and islanding behaviour of the DG. A grid-connected PV DG and the control techniques were simulated using MATLAB Simulink. A mathematical formulation of the inverter islanding voltage at the point of common coupling was driven and validated by simulation. Results indicated that a closed loop control of inverter is essential for maximum efficiency and stability of DG in post islanding

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5

Baan, Mirko van der. "Processing of anisotropic data in the τ-p domain: II — Common-conversion-point sorting". GEOPHYSICS 70, № 4 (липень 2005): D29—D36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1993708.

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Common-conversion-point (CCP) sorting of P-SV converted-wave data is conventionally done by first sorting data into common asymptotic-conversion-point (CACP) gathers and then computing the involved CCP shifts from analytic approximations. I explore an alternative method where the latter step is replaced by an entirely data-driven approach. Moveout curves of correlated P-P and P-SV reflections in collocated CMP and CACP gathers are first scanned for points of equal slowness. A common-source slowness indicates that the downgoing branches of the P-P and P-SV waves overlap if the conversion occurs at the reflecting interface. The P-SV conversion point is then assumed to be situated underneath the associated P-P wave midpoint. A migration of amplitudes from CACP to CCP gathers is straightforward once the exact CCP position is known. This data-driven approach requires kinematic information only and is exact for laterally homogeneous media with arbitrary strength of anisotropy if horizontal symmetry planes are present at all depths. Both time-offset and τ-p domain implementations are possible, although the latter are preferred.

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6

MacArthur, Sandra L., Matthew D. Johnson, and Daniel D. Lewis. "Biomechanical Comparison of Two Conical Coupling Plate Constructs for Cat Tibial Fracture Stabilization." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 33, no. 04 (April 21, 2020): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1708497.

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Abstract Objective This study aimed to compare the biomechanical characteristics of two conical coupling plate (CCP) constructs in an ex vivo feline tibial fracture gap model. Study Design Paired tibiae harvested from eight recently euthanatized cats were alternately assigned to one of two stabilization groups. One tibia was stabilized with a standard, 6-hole, 2.5-mm CCP and the contralateral tibia was stabilized with a 6-hole, 2.5-mm prototype CCP (pCCP). Non-destructive cyclic four-point craniocaudal bending, mediolateral bending and axial compression testing were performed, and stiffness was recorded. The specimens were then loaded to failure in axial compression, and yield and failure loads were recorded. Results During non-destructive testing, the pCCP constructs were significantly stiffer than the CCP constructs in both modes of bending and axial loading. Both constructs demonstrated significantly greater craniocaudal bending stiffness compared with mediolateral bending. Yield load and failure load were significantly greater for the pCCP constructs. Conclusion The augmented design of the pCCP yielded superior mechanical characteristics during both non-destructive and destructive testings compared with constructs employing standard CCP. The more rigid design of the pCCP suggests that this implant may be better at withstanding greater loads, particularly when applied in a bridging fashion, during the postoperative convalescence. Further investigations are warranted to prospectively evaluate the clinical performance of the pCCP.

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Zhong, Benshan, Xixiang Zhou, Xuecai Liu, and Yule Jiang. "A new strategy for CCP stacking." GEOPHYSICS 60, no. 2 (March 1995): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443788.

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Raypaths for P-SV‐converted waves are asymmetrical and the reflected events are not hyperbolic. Consequently, standard routines for NMO correction of P‐waves cannot be applied in a straightforward manner. This is a major difficulty in data processing of P-SV‐converted waves. This paper proposes a new strategy for common conversion point (CCP) stacking. The technique accomplishes reflection point migration, nonhyperbolic moveout, and CCP stacking in one step.

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Hottmann, Natasha M., Matthew D. Johnson, Scott A. Banks, David Tuyn, and Daniel D. Lewis. "Biomechanical Comparison of Two Locking Plate Constructs for the Stabilization of Feline Tibial Fractures." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 33, no. 02 (December 13, 2019): 089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399572.

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Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical characteristics of locking compression plate (LCP) and conical coupling plate (CCP) constructs for the stabilization of experimentally induced gap fractures in cat tibiae. Materials and Methods Pelvic limbs were harvested from eight cat cadavers. Paired tibiae were stripped of all soft tissues, and randomly assigned to the LCP or CCP stabilization group. An eight-hole 2.7 mm LCP or a six-hole 2.5 mm CCP was applied to the medial surface of each tibia. A 1-cm segment of the tibia was excised centrally beneath the plate. The specimens were potted, then tested in non-destructive four-point craniocaudal and mediolateral bending, followed by non-destructive axial compression. Each construct was subsequently loaded to failure in axial compression. Bending and axial stiffness, yield load and failure load were calculated for each specimen. Results The LCP constructs were significantly stiffer than the CCP constructs when subjected to non-destructive bending and axial loading. Craniocaudal bending stiffness was significantly greater than mediolateral bending stiffness for both constructs. Yield load and failure load were significantly greater for LCP constructs compared with CCP constructs. Clinical Significance LCP may be a more suitable implant for stabilizing complex diaphyseal tibial fractures in cats. Additional supplemental fixation should be considered when using CCP to stabilize unreconstructed diaphyseal tibial fractures in cats. Further clinical investigation of both implants is recommended.

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Novruzov, A. G., U. J. Aliyeva, and E. A. Alaskarov. "Interpretation of dynamic parameters of local anomalies of refracted waves." SOCAR Proceedings, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 004–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5510/ogp20210400608.

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The «common contour point» (CCP) technique for finding oil and gas deposits is based on identifying simple local minima on the graphs of the amplitude and energy of seismic waves passing through the reservoir. Simple local minima according to the CCP technique are provided by the identification of crossline profile geophones, the stability of the critical angle of the refracted wave, minor changes in the geometric divergence of seismic waves and the source-receiver distance. Other anomalies caused by local inhomogeneities of the geological environment are overcome based on the correlation of the dynamic parameters of waves recorded from different directions in the crossline profile. The article experimentally demonstrates obtaining simple minima by eliminating the distorting effect of local heterogeneity in the upper part of the section, determining the corresponding characteristic points of minima, as well as the contour and depth of the predicted reservoir. Keywords: oil and gas reservoir; direct search; seismic wave amplitude; local anomaly; «Common contour poin» technique.

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10

Chun Li and Wilsun Xu. "On defining harmonic contributions at the point of common coupling." IEEE Power Engineering Review 22, no. 7 (July 2002): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mper.2002.1016848.

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Lyngsøe, Bente Kjær, Claus Høstrup Vestergaard, Dorte Rytter, Mogens Vestergaard, Trine Munk-Olsen, and Bodil Hammer Bech. "Attendance of routine childcare visits in primary care for children of mothers with depression: a nationwide population-based cohort study." British Journal of General Practice 68, no. 667 (January 15, 2018): e97-e104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp18x694565.

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BackgroundDepression is a common and potentially debilitating illness worldwide. Attendance to routine childcare appointments is a key point of interest in the effort to improve the health and care for families facing depression.AimTo evaluate the association between maternal depression and offspring non-attendance to the Danish childcare and vaccination programme (CCP) for children from 0–5 years of age. The CCP consists of seven separate visits and several vaccinations. To investigate if exposure to recent and previous depression may affect attendance differently.Design and settingPopulation-based cohort study using Danish nationwide registers.MethodParticipants were all live-born children (n = 853 315) in Denmark in the period from 1 January 2000 until 31 August 2013, and their mothers. The outcome of interest was non-attendance of each one of the seven scheduled childcare visits and two vaccination entities in the CCP. Exposure was maternal (both previous and recent) depression. All information was obtained from Danish national registries.ResultsThe risk of not attending CCP was higher for children of mothers with depression. For children of mothers with previous depression, the relative risk (RR) was 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98 to 1.03) at the 5-week childcare visit, and 1.12 (95% CI = 1.09 to 1.14) at the 5-year childcare visit. For children of mothers with recent depression, the RR was 1.07 (95% CI = 1.03 to 1.13) at the 5-week visit, and 1.15 (95% CI = 1.13 to 1.17) at the 5-year visit. Furthermore, the risk of missing at least four of the seven childcare visits was higher for children of females with maternal depression (RR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.19).ConclusionMaternal depression seems to compromise CCP attendance. These findings suggest a need for careful clinical attention to these vulnerable families, even years after a diagnosis of depression.

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Syed, Mazheruddin, Ali Mehrizi-Sani, Maria Robowska, Efren Guillo-Sansano, Dong Wang, and Graeme Burt. "Dynamically robust coordinated set point tracking of distributed DERs at point of common coupling." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 143 (December 2022): 108481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108481.

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Khavari, Farshad, Ali Badri, and Ali Zangeneh. "Energy management in multi-microgrids considering point of common coupling constraint." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 115 (February 2020): 105465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.105465.

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Al-Qarni, Abdullah Saeed, and Sreerama Kumar Ramdas. "Voltage Sag Assessment and Mitigation Techniques of a Solar PV Integrated 110 kV/13.8 kV Saudi Substation." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 7, no. 6 (November 23, 2022): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2022.7.6.2902.

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The point of common coupling of a photovoltaic energy conversion system (PVES) to the utility grid is the most critical interface point where voltage sag issues arise. This paper involves a comparative evaluation of Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) and Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) in mitigating the voltage sag at the point of common coupling of a photovoltaic energy conversion system integrated onto AC auxiliary distribution system in a 110 kV/13.8 kV transmission substation in the national power grid in Saudi Arabia. The voltage sag due to a three-phase short circuit at the point of common coupling of the photovoltaic system with the AC auxiliary distribution system is investigated. The results indicate that the DVR is better than the D-STATCOM in mitigating the voltage sag issue.

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Sun, Yuanyuan, Peixin Li, Shurong Li, and Linghan Zhang. "Contribution Determination for Multiple Unbalanced Sources at the Point of Common Coupling." Energies 10, no. 2 (February 4, 2017): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en10020171.

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Litwin, Mateusz, Dariusz Zielinski, and K. Gopakumar. "Remote Micro-Grid Synchronization Without Measurements at the Point of Common Coupling." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 212753–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040697.

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Hua, Junlin, Karen M. Fischer, Nicholas J. Mancinelli, and Tiezhao Bao. "Imaging with pre-stack migration based on Sp scattering kernels." Geophysical Journal International 220, no. 1 (October 10, 2019): 428–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz459.

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SUMMARY Sp receiver functions have been widely used to detect the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB) and other mantle discontinuities. However, traditional common conversion point (CCP) stacking can be biased by the assumption of horizontal layers and this method typically underestimates scattering amplitudes from velocity boundaries with significant dips. A new pre-stack migration method based on recently developed Sp scattering kernels offers an alternative that more accurately captures the timing and amplitude of scattering. When calculating kernels, Sp-S times are estimated with the fast-marching method, and scattering amplitude versus direction, geometrical spreading and phase shifts are accounted for. To minimize imaging artefacts with larger station spacing, Sp receiver functions are interpolated to more closely spaced pseudo-stations using either compressive sampling or spatial averaging algorithms. To test the kernel-based stacking method, synthetic Sp phases were predicted using SPECFEM2D for velocity models with a flat Moho and a negative mantle velocity gradient with a ramp structure. The kernel-based stacking method resolves horizontal interfaces equally well as CCP stacking and outperforms CCP stacking when imaging boundaries with dips of more than 8°, although dip resolution is still limited. Use of more vertically incident phases such as SKSp improves retrieval of dipping discontinuity segments. A second approach is to down-weight the portions of the kernels that have the greatest positive interference among neighbouring stations, thus enhancing scattering from dipping structures where positive interference is lower. With this downweighting, the kernel-based stacking method applied to Sp data is able to continuously resolve LAB discontinuities with dips up to 15° and to partially resolve continuous LAB discontinuities with dips of ∼20°. The intrinsic properties of teleseismic Sp phase kernels limit their ability to resolve LAB structures with dips of ∼20–35°, but still larger dips of ∼40–50° are resolvable with dense and appropriately placed stations. Analysis of Sp scattering kernels also explains the effectiveness of CCP stacking for quasi-horizontal interfaces.

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Rajeshbabu, S., and B. V. Manikandan. "Power Quality Assessment and Enhancement in a Grid Connected Renewable Energy System Using Dynamic Voltage Restorer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 716–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.716.

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Renewable energy sources provide the additional/satisfy the power to the consumer through power electronics interfaces and integrated with the grid. In grid integration power quality is one of the important parameter that need to be paying more attention. This proposed work focuses on power quality issues in a grid connected renewable energy system. Power quality issues will arises due to many factors here with the by introducing a fault condition in a grid connected renewable energy system the measurements were made at the point of common coupling and the mitigation is done with the help of a dynamic voltage restorer. The dynamic voltage restorer is a device which offers series compensation activated by neural network based controller. The sag improvement and the total harmonic assessment were made at the point of common coupling. Keywords: Neural network, Point of common coupling, Renewable energy source, Power quality, Dynamic voltage restorer ,electric grid.

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Jafari, M., S. B. Naderi, M. Tarafdar Hagh, M. Abapour, and S. H. Hosseini. "Voltage Sag Compensation of Point of Common Coupling (PCC) Using Fault Current Limiter." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 26, no. 4 (October 2011): 2638–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2011.2161496.

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Papichev, E. V., B. V. Zavodovsky, L. E. Sivordova, Yu R. Akhverdyan, and Yu V. Polyakova. "SERUM FETUIN-A LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS." Rheumatology Science and Practice 57, no. 4 (September 16, 2019): 426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1995-4484-2019-423-430.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the second most common rheumatic disease. In recent decades, there has been an active search for and study of biologically active substances involved in the pathogenesis of RA, which can serve as a starting point in designing new drugs for targeted therapy of this disease. The hepatokine fetuin-A (FA) is one of these substances.Objective: to investigate serum FA levels in patients with RA.Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 110 patients with RA. All the patients underwent the following set of studies: general blood test and determination of the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), serum FA, rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, cartilage degradation products (CartiLaps), and urine creatinine. A control group consisted of 30 apparently healthy individuals whose serum FA level was determined in order to obtain reference values.Results and discussion. The normal FA level varied from 653.55 to 972.19 μg/ml. All the patients with RA were divided into two groups: 1) 23 patients with a low FA level (<653.55 μg/ml) and 2) 87 patients with a normal FA levels (≥653.55 μg/ml). The groups differed significantly in anti-CCP antibody concentrations, disease activity, radiological stages, functional classes, and the presence of complications. Patients with lower FA levels were noted to have increased CRP concentrations, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and CartiLaps/urine creatinine ratio. The mean FA concentration was considerably and significantly lower in patients with higher DAS28 scores. Conclusion. Our investigation has revealed that there is a relationship between the levels of FA and the individual clinical manifestations of RA. The lower FA level is associated with higher disease activity and the aggressive phenotype of RA (the presence of anti-CCP antibodies, radiological stages III and IV, extra-articular manifestations and complications).

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Wood, Chris, Tom Burnley, Ardan Patwardhan, Sjors Scheres, Maya Topf, Alan Roseman, and Martyn Winn. "Collaborative Computational Project for Electron cryo-Microscopy." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 71, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1399004714018070.

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The Collaborative Computational Project for Electron cryo-Microscopy (CCP-EM) has recently been established. The aims of the project are threefold: to build a coherent cryoEM community which will provide support for individual scientists and will act as a focal point for liaising with other communities, to support practising scientists in their use of cryoEM software and finally to support software developers in producing and disseminating robust and user-friendly programs. The project is closely modelled on CCP4 for macromolecular crystallography, and areas of common interest such as model fitting, underlying software libraries and tools for building program packages are being exploited. Nevertheless, cryoEM includes a number of techniques covering a large range of resolutions and a distinct project is required. In this article, progress so far is reported and future plans are discussed.

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Nasr, Z., and F. Kheirandish. "On the localized quantum oscillators in a common heat bath." International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 15 (March 23, 2017): 1750122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979217501223.

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To remedy the failure of minimal coupling method in describing the quantum dynamics of two localized Brownian oscillators interacting with a common medium, a scheme is introduced to model the medium by a continuum of complex scalar fields or equivalently two independent real scalar fields. The starting point is a Lagrangian of the total system and quantization is achieved in the framework of canonical quantization. The equations of motion, memory or response functions and fluctuation–dissipation relations are obtained. An induced force between oscillators is obtained originating from the fluctuations of the medium. Ohmic and non-Ohmic regimes are discussed and the positions of oscillators are obtained approximately in large time limit and weak coupling regime. Quantum entanglement between localized oscillators is obtained in zero temperature and strong coupling regime.

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Zhu, Xiao Jun, Xiang Li, Bin Fu, Ang Fu, Min You Chen, and Feng Li. "A Novel Method for Determining Harmonic Emission Responsibilities at the Point of Common Coupling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 2380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.2380.

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This paper presents a novel method for determining the harmonic emission responsibilities of utility and customer at the point of common coupling (PCC). The proposed approach is based on robust partial least squares regression (robust PLS), which estimates system harmonic impedance by utilizing the signals of harmonic voltage and current measured synchronously at PCC. Consequently the harmonic emission responsibilities are calculated. The presented method reduces or removes the effect of outlying data points. The simulation and the practical engineering results indicate that the proposed method is valid and feasible.

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Ayodeji Stephen, Akinyemi, Kabeya Musasa, and Innocent Ewean Davidson. "Enhancement of Large Renewable Distributed Generation Penetration Levels at the Point of Common Coupling." Energy Engineering 119, no. 6 (2022): 2711–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/ee.2022.023069.

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Han, Jong-Hoon, Kyebyung Lee, Chong Suk Song, Gilsoo Jang, Gilsung Byeon, and Chang-Hyun Park. "A New Assessment for the Total Harmonic Contributions at the Point of Common Coupling." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/jeet.2014.9.1.006.

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Perera, Brian, Philip Ciufo, and Sarath Perera. "Advanced point of common coupling voltage controllers for grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) systems." Renewable Energy 86 (February 2016): 1037–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.09.028.

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Kamble, Saurabh, Pankaj Thote, Chandrakant Rathore, and Anirudha Marothiya. "Estimation of various PQ indices at point of common coupling using empirical wavelet transform." IET Science, Measurement & Technology 13, no. 6 (August 1, 2019): 862–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-smt.2018.5635.

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Dunne, F. P. E., R. Kiwanuka, and A. J. Wilkinson. "Crystal plasticity analysis of micro-deformation, lattice rotation and geometrically necessary dislocation density." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 468, no. 2145 (May 2, 2012): 2509–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2012.0050.

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A gradient-enhanced crystal plasticity model is presented that explicitly accounts for the evolution of the densities of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) on individual slip systems of deforming crystals. The GND densities are fully coupled with the crystal slip rule. Application of the model to two distinct and technologically important crystal types, namely hcp Ti and ccp Ni, is given. For the hcp crystals, slip is permitted with a -type slip directions on basal, prismatic and pyramidal planes and c + a -type slip directions on pyramidal planes. First, a single crystal under four-point bending is simulated as the uniform strain gradient expected in the central span provides a good validation of the code. Then, uniaxial deformation of a model near- α Ti polycrystal has been analysed. The resulting distributions of GND densities that develop on the various slip system types have been compared with independent experimental observations. The model predicts that GND density on the c + a systems is approximately an order of magnitude lower than that for a -type systems in agreement with experiment. For the ccp case, slip is considered to take place on the <110>{111} slip systems. Thermal loading of a single-crystal nickel alloy sample containing carbide particles of size approximately 30 μm has been analysed. Detailed comparisons are presented between model predictions and results of high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements of the micro-deformations, lattice rotations, curvatures and GND densities local to the nickel–carbide interface. Qualitatively, good agreement is achieved between the coupled and decoupled model elastic strains with the EBSD measurements, but lattice rotations and GND densities are quantitatively well predicted by the coupled crystal model but are less well captured by the decoupled model. The GND coupling is found to lead to reduced lattice rotations and plastic strains in the region of highest heterogeneity close to the Ni matrix/particle interface, which is in agreement with the experimental measurements. The results presented provide objective evidence of the effectiveness of gradient-enhanced crystal plasticity finite element analysis and demonstrate that GND coupling is required in order to capture strains and lattice rotations in regions of high heterogeneity.

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Kesraoui, Mohamed, Ahmed Chaib, Boujemaa Bendaoui, and Djalloul Achour. "Grid voltage local regulation by a doubly fed induction generator–based wind turbine." Wind Engineering 41, no. 1 (August 1, 2016): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309524x16656671.

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Voltage regulation at point of common coupling using a doubly fed induction generator–based wind energy conversion system is achieved through reactive power control. Wind energy conversion system produces reactive power when the voltage is less than grid nominal voltage and it consumes it in the opposite case. In this article, a method to achieve this goal is proposed. It consists of controlling the reference value of the vector control system in order to affect the wind energy conversion system reactive power output. Two situations have been simulated. Sudden voltage increase and decrease were applied to the control system. Satisfying results have been obtained since the voltage at point of common coupling has been restored back to its initial value.

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30

Khavari, Farshad, Ali Badri, and Ali Zangeneh. "Energy management in multi-microgrids via an aggregator to override point of common coupling congestion." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 13, no. 5 (March 12, 2019): 634–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.5922.

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31

Guo, Zhiqiang, Deshang Sha, and Xiaozhong Liao. "Energy management by using point of common coupling frequency as an agent for islanded microgrids." IET Power Electronics 7, no. 8 (August 2014): 2111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2013.0564.

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32

Mumtaz, Majid, Saima I. Khan, Waqas A. Chaudhry, and Zafar A. Khan. "Harmonic incursion at the point of common coupling due to small grid-connected power stations." Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology 2, no. 3 (December 2015): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesit.2015.06.005.

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33

Nayak Bharothu, Jyothilal. "Method for Enhancement of Power Quality at Point of Common Coupling of Wind Energy System." American Journal of Energy Engineering 1, no. 1 (2013): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20130101.12.

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34

Wilsun Xu and Yilu Liu. "A method for determining customer and utility harmonic contributions at the point of common coupling." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 15, no. 2 (April 2000): 804–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.853023.

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35

Fernandez, Francis Manuel, and P. S. Chandramohanan Nair. "Method for separation of customer and utility contributions of harmonics at point of common coupling." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 7, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2012.0361.

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36

Li, Qinci, Imma Palomeras, and Xiaohong Meng. "Lithospheric structure beneath southern Iberia and northern Morocco constrained by 3D Kirchhoff-approximate GRT imaging." Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 18, no. 2 (April 2021): 268–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jge/gxab012.

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Abstract The slab beneath the Alboran Sea is a consequence of the collision between two continents (Europe and Africa), which was initiated along the northeastern Spanish coast, experienced slab rollback and migrated to the area adjacent to the two continents. The tectonic background in this area includes episodes of collisions with adjacent continents as well as extension of those basins in the western Mediterranean. Here, we present three-dimensional (3D) Kirchhoff-approximate generalized Radon transform (GRT) images to further constrain the lithospheric structures previously identified by other researchers. The GRT images were calculated from the same P-to-S (Pds or Ps) teleseismic receiver functions (RFs) as the previous common conversion point (CCP) stacking, but the GRT data provide figures with greater resolution than the Pds RFs CCP results. This study indicates that the Alboran Slab may have completely detached from the crustal base under the western Betics Mountains and that a larger range of lithospheric ‘peeling off’ developed beneath the western part of the Betics Mountains than some previous results have claimed. The observed thin lithosphere under the Middle Atlas (MA) and eastern High Atlas (HA) may have a geodynamic relationship with lithospheric delamination under the eastern part of the Rif Mountains, which has also led to the thin lithosphere under the eastern Rif. According to the thick lithosphere under the western HA, the shallow LAB under the MA and eastern HA may have no heat-flow connection with the Canary mantle plume, as stated in several previous studies.

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37

Subash Kumar, C. S., and V. Gopalakrishnan. "Modified Synchronous Reference Frame Based Harmonic Extraction for Shunt Active Filter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 6, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v6.i4.pp897-905.

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<p>This paper presents the modified synchronous reference frame based Shunt Active Filter (SAF) for the instantaneous compensation of harmonic current present at the Point of Common Coupling. The harmonics generated by the non linear load are extracted using the positive frame and negative frame of the input signal using the modified synchronous reference frame theory with extended Multiple Reference Frame based PLL (EMRFPLL). Based on the harmonics extracted, pulse width modulation signals are generated using Artificial Neural Network based Space Vector Pulse width Modulation technique (ANNSVPWM). Using this switching technique the losses can be reduced and compensation can be done more accurately The concept was verified using MATLAB / Simulink Simulation and the results confirm the THD at point of common coupling is below the required standards.</p>

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38

Desinova, O., M. Starovoytova, L. P. Ananyeva, O. Koneva, L. Garzanova, R. Shayakhmetova, and O. Ovsyannikova. "AB0440 CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS-OVERLAP SYNDROMES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1248.2–1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2550.

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Background:Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) overlap syndromes (SSc with polymyositis / dermatomyositis (PM/DM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), etc.) still remain a group of very heterogenous and not very well studied clinical variants of SSc that are characterized by certain clinical and immunological features.Objectives:Identify clinical and immunological features of the SSc-overlap syndromesMethods:80 pts with SSc-PM/DM and 35 pts with SSc-RA undergoing standard clinical examination and laboratory immunological evaluation.Results:ANA Hep2 was positive in 98% of SSc-PM/DM pts; a-Scl-70 was in 34%, a - PM-Scl and RF were in 20%. ACA (6%), a-RNP (9%), and a - Jo-1 (5%) were significantly less common. Correlation analysis showed significant prevalence of conduction abnormalities in pts with a-Scl-70- (p<0.03); PM-Scl was rarely associated with cardiac arrhythmia (p<0.02) and pericarditis (p<0.03), but there was an association between ACA and presence of digital ischemia (p<0.04). Three pts with limited skin had Scl-70 and PM-Scl antibodies, two of them manifested clinical features of DM. A-Jo-1 was found in 3 pts with a longstanding disease (14,10 and 7 years), and one of these pts was also positive for a-Scl-70. All pts had limited skin and two had interstitial lung disease with FVC values of 79% and 74.8%.ANA Hep2 was positive in 96% of SSc-RA pts; a-Scl-70 – in 28%, and a-RNP - in 30%. RF-positivity was in 72% of pts, and Anti-CCP - in 27%. Simultaneous Anti-CCP and a-Scl-70 was found in one case, and Anti-CCP - anti-RNP – in another, both were associated with low RF titers. All pts had early joint involvement which became prevailing in subsequent years, and onset of the disease between 30 and 36 years. There was a correlation between laboratory signs of inflammatory activity and immunological disorders: ESR and a-Scl-70 (p<0.03). Anti-CCP and a-Scl-70 co-positivity was a significantly less frequent phenomenon (p<0.04). There was a remarkable 28% proportion of a-Scl-70 cases in SSc-RA with limited cutaneous which is usually characterized by ACA-positivity.Conclusion:SSc-PM/DM and SSc-RA appear to be an active disease from the immunological point of view, confirming therefore an important role of immune alterations in disease progression. Laboratory findings display specific pathogenetic features of SSc-overlap syndromes; laboratory abnormalities can be used to measure the activity and specify characteristics of the pathological process.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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39

Chi, Tsung-Chih, Young-Fo Chang, and Bor-Shouh Huang. "Receiver Function Imaging of the Crustal Structure Beneath Northern Taiwan Using Dense Linear Arrays." Geosciences 12, no. 3 (March 15, 2022): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12030136.

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In order to realize the crustal structure in Taiwan, the receiver function method was used to analyze the teleseismic waveforms recorded by two orthogonal broadband linear arrays deployed in northern Taiwan in the east–west and south–north directions by the TAiwan Integrated GEodynamics Research (TAIGER) project from 2007 to 2009. By incorporation with Common Conversion Point (CCP) stacking, the Moho discontinuities beneath northern Taiwan were imaged. Based on the CCP stack of receiver functions in the east–west direction array, a collision boundary between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate appears at the east of Taiwan. The Moho depth of the Eurasian Plate in west Taiwan is flat and 30 km; the Moho depth of the Philippine Sea Plate below the Central Mountain Range is about 55 km; in the east, the Moho depth of the Ryukyu arc is about 40 km. The south–north profile shows a brittle–ductile transition zone at depths of 15–20 km beneath central Taiwan from south to north. Moreover, the Moho depth of the Eurasian Plate is about 20–25 km in northern Taiwan. The Moho depth appears to deepen from north to south. The deepest Moho is located at the junction of the two profile lines, the Philippine Sea Plate, and has a depth of 60 km. According to these Moho depths, the crustal structure is thin and flat in the west part of northern Taiwan which is similar to the thin-skin model. However, the lithosphere is deformed and forms the mountain root in the east part which is similar to the lithospheric collision model.

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40

Ye, Jian, and Hoay Beng Gooi. "Phase Angle Control Based Three-phase DVR with Power Factor Correction at Point of Common Coupling." Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 8, no. 1 (2020): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35833/mpce.2018.000428.

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41

Ghorbani, Mohamad, Ali Mosallanejad, and Sobhan Mohamadian. "A new method to point of common coupling voltage control in distribution grid-connected photovoltaic systems." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 28, no. 2 (December 18, 2017): e2491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etep.2491.

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42

Alathamneh, Mohammad, Haneen Ghanayem, Xingyu Yang, and R. M. Nelms. "Three-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter Power Control under Unbalanced Grid Conditions Using a Proportional-Resonant Control Method." Energies 15, no. 19 (September 26, 2022): 7051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197051.

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Proposed in this article is bidirectional real and reactive power control of a three-phase grid-connected inverter under unbalanced grid conditions using a proportional-resonance controller. Different unbalanced grid conditions have been studied, such as unbalanced three-phase load and unbalanced grid impedance. These unbalanced scenarios generate unbalanced grid currents and unbalanced point-of-common-coupling (PCC) voltages, causing large oscillations in both real and reactive power transferred to the grid. The purposes of the suggested technique are to balance the grid currents and point-of-common-coupling voltages as well as control the power injected into the grid. As a result, balanced PCC voltages are guaranteed, the oscillation in real and reactive power is reduced, and power control is achieved. The proposed method’s performance has been verified in MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation software, and different experimental results have been obtained using a real-time interface platform, dSPACE DS1202.

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43

Barthel, R. "Common problematic aspects of coupling hydrological models with groundwater flow models on the river catchment scale." Advances in Geosciences 9 (September 26, 2006): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-9-63-2006.

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Abstract. Model coupling requires a thorough conceptualisation of the coupling strategy, including an exact definition of the individual model domains, the "transboundary" processes and the exchange parameters. It is shown here that in the case of coupling groundwater flow and hydrological models – in particular on the regional scale – it is very important to find a common definition and scale-appropriate process description of groundwater recharge and baseflow (or "groundwater runoff/discharge") in order to achieve a meaningful representation of the processes that link the unsaturated and saturated zones and the river network. As such, integration by means of coupling established disciplinary models is problematic given that in such models, processes are defined from a purpose-oriented, disciplinary perspective and are therefore not necessarily consistent with definitions of the same process in the model concepts of other disciplines. This article contains a general introduction to the requirements and challenges of model coupling in Integrated Water Resources Management including a definition of the most relevant technical terms, a short description of the commonly used approach of model coupling and finally a detailed consideration of the role of groundwater recharge and baseflow in coupling groundwater models with hydrological models. The conclusions summarize the most relevant problems rather than giving practical solutions. This paper aims to point out that working on a large scale in an integrated context requires rethinking traditional disciplinary workflows and encouraging communication between the different disciplines involved. It is worth noting that the aspects discussed here are mainly viewed from a groundwater perspective, which reflects the author's background.

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44

Yun, Luo. "An Islanding Detection Method for Photovoltaic Power Generation System Using Fluctuation Characteristic of PCC Harmonic Voltage." Advanced Materials Research 998-999 (July 2014): 574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.998-999.574.

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In the photovoltaic power generation system, the harmonic voltage of the point of common coupling (PCC) is determined by system disturbance, local load and photovoltaic power generation system itself together. Based on the fluctuations of this harmonic voltage, a new islanding detection method for the PV system is proposed. By extracting the higher harmonic components from the wavelet transformation of point of common coupling (PCC) voltage, and then taking its fluctuations as the islanding identification and detection index, non-detection zone (NDZ) can be eliminated, without a plus disturbance. According to IEEE Std.1547, simulated verification of the proposed method is accomplished in the ideal photovoltaic grid system. When the PCC voltage and frequency are within the normal range, it can not only give a fast and accurate detection to the occurrence of islanding, but also identify the false islanding, such as voltage dips and switching loads, effectively avoiding false detection caused by the false islanding.

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45

de la Peña, L., A. Valdés-Hernández, and A. M. Cetto. "Entanglement of particles as a result of their coupling through the common background zero-point radiation field." Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 42, no. 3 (January 2010): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2009.06.049.

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46

Herath, H. M. A. I., and J. P. Karunadasa. "A Novel Sensor to Measure the DC Bias at the Point of Common Coupling of Distribution Transformers." Engineer: Journal of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka 51, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/engineer.v51i2.7292.

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47

Shojaie, Mehdi, and Hosein Mokhtari. "A method for determination of harmonics responsibilities at the point of common coupling using data correlation analysis." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2013.0111.

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48

Shklyarskiy, Yaroslav, Aleksandr Skamyin, Iaroslav Vladimirov, and Farit Gazizov. "Distortion Load Identification Based on the Application of Compensating Devices." Energies 13, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13061430.

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The article provides an analysis of the existing methods of identifying the consumer’s contribution to voltage distortion at a point of common coupling. The considered methods do not allow correctly and fairly determining the source of harmonic distortions, or they have limited application and difficulties in implementation. The paper proposes new methods for determining the source of high harmonics. The developed methods and techniques are based on the analysis of the grid operation modes with two connected consumers using compensating devices, such as reactive power compensation devices and passive harmonic filters. It is shown that the most promising method is the application of harmonic filters, which allows determining the share of the consumer’s contribution to the voltage distortion. The present research is carried out using a computer simulation of the existing electrical grid, to which consumers with nonlinear electric load are connected. These methods can be implemented to assess the power quality and the shareholding of different consumers connected at the point of common coupling. Furthermore, such methods appear to be feasible, as almost every enterprise currently has such facilities in operation.

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49

Nazir, Muhammad Shahzad, and Ahmed N Abdalla. "The robustness assessment of doubly fed induction generator-wind turbine during short circuit." Energy & Environment 31, no. 4 (October 16, 2019): 570–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x19880879.

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Energy sources, such as wind, solar, hydro, etc., are an important source of energy, and wind power generators are important energy conversion machines. The doubly fed induction generator has wide industrial and commercial applications due to its superior performance, combined with fault and eco-friendly properties. However, the fault current dynamics of wind farms identify the potential impacts of fault currents and the voltage on the protection. This study focuses on wind farms (employing doubly fed induction generators) perturbation during symmetrical (three-phase) symmetrical short circuit (SSC) at different points. The detail of analyzing the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) performance during transient conditions, control and modeling is studied in this paper. These two points are selected as grid-side converter and point of common coupling, respectively. These comparison results fetched the more precise understanding of the fault diagnosis reliability with reduced complexity, stability, and optimization of the system. The present findings illustrated the main difference between point of common coupling and grid-side converter under SSC faults and the robustness of these two mentioned points.

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50

Maréchal, Amandine, Jing-Yang Xu, Naho Genko, Andrew M. Hartley, Francis Haraux, Brigitte Meunier, and Peter R. Rich. "A common coupling mechanism for A-type heme-copper oxidases from bacteria to mitochondria." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 17 (April 14, 2020): 9349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2001572117.

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Mitochondria metabolize almost all the oxygen that we consume, reducing it to water by cytochrome c oxidase (CcO). CcO maximizes energy capture into the protonmotive force by pumping protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Forty years after the H+/e− stoichiometry was established, a consensus has yet to be reached on the route taken by pumped protons to traverse CcO’s hydrophobic core and on whether bacterial and mitochondrial CcOs operate via the same coupling mechanism. To resolve this, we exploited the unique amenability to mitochondrial DNA mutagenesis of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to introduce single point mutations in the hydrophilic pathways of CcO to test function. From adenosine diphosphate to oxygen ratio measurements on preparations of intact mitochondria, we definitely established that the D-channel, and not the H-channel, is the proton pump of the yeast mitochondrial enzyme, supporting an identical coupling mechanism in all forms of the enzyme.

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