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Saldanha, Estanislau Sousa. "The Mediation Effects of Business Strategy on the Relations between Industrial Competition and Performance." Timor Leste Journal of Business and Management 1 (December 19, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51703/bm.v1i1.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to examine the mediation effects of differentiation strategy and cost leadership strategy on the relationship between industrial competition and the performance of the higher education industry in Timor-Leste. The total of 157 departments of 11 accredited tertiary institutions in Timor-Leste were chosen to fill in the questionnaires, while SMART-PLS 3.0 was used to test the hypothesis. The results of this study show that industrial competition does not significantly influence industrial performance, while both the differentiation and the cost leadership strategies fully mediate the relationship between industrial competition and the performance. This research contributes to the debate on competitive strategic fitness to sustain competitive advantage in regard to pure strategy or combined strategy which is still unsettled among researchers. This research also contributes to developing strategic policies in the higher education industry for improving competitive advantages which lead to superior performance. The higher education industry can also benefit from this research by considering a combined differentiation and cost leadership strategy as a competitive strategy to improve industrial performance.
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Zgarni, Asma, and Lamia Gharbi. "Pure Versus Hybrid Competitive Strategy: Evidence from Tunisian Manufacturing Industries." Asian Social Science 17, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v17n7p1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article proposes to decide on the impact of external and internal factors (competitive forces and strategic capabilities) on strategic competitive choices (pure or hybrid). Using a sample of Tunisian companies operating in the manufacturing industry, the results show that face to the competition’ intensity, companies opt for competitive hybrid strategies at the expense of pure ones only when they have strong combined strategic capabilities. However, when they have a stock of capabilities less rich and less diversified, they have interest to pursue a pure competitive strategy. Moreover, the study shows that the pure competitive strategy differs according to the nature of the strategic capabilities held.
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Mostert, Pierre, and Thelma Luttig. "Relationship intention and service quality as combined competitive strategy." International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 17, no. 1 (2018): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2018.088335.
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Mostert, Pierre, and Thelma Luttig. "Relationship intention and service quality as combined competitive strategy." International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 17, no. 1 (2018): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2018.10006899.
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Pei, Wen, and Jeng-Huan Li. "Research on the competitive dynamics and structured context analysis." Kybernetes 45, no. 10 (November 7, 2016): 1542–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-10-2015-0274.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The credit card business has been one of the key businesses for banks in Taiwan. The purpose of this paper is to use competitive dynamics and structured context analysis (SCA) to explore the competition relationships among market, resources, and strategies concerning the credit card issued banks in Taiwan. Design/methodology/approach The market commonality and resource similarity analysis of competitive dynamics in the first stage obtained the competitive mapping of four major credit card issue banks, as well as the differences of competition strategy. In the second stage, 1,968 pieces of data on credit card news from 2013 to 2014 were collected. SCA was used to analyze the competitive action, competitive response, number of responses, response lag, and response order. Findings The competitor mapping and four hypothesis obtained from competitive dynamics correspond to the credit card competition strategy, as obtained from SCA. Originality/value This research combined competitive dynamics and SCA to analyze the credit cards market in Taiwan. The research model could be used in the other financial market.
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H. Godiwalla, Yezdi. "Global Organizational Innovation Strategy." International Journal of Social Science Studies 6, no. 8 (July 24, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v6i8.3477.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Global innovation strategy makes a global (or international) organization more competitive and contributes to long term growth. A focus on newer trends and approaches in the technology and internal and external organizational processes would help the innovative and entrepreneurial spirit and endeavor. The proper organizational entrepreneurial goals, strategy and culture would generate greater connectedness with the relevant task environments for the global organization to explore and subsequently pursue newer product and services. Altogether, the integrated global sharing, joint experimentation among its subsidiaries and their combined innovation effort, the well-interfaced global supply chain’s innovative endeavors, and the well-planned and systematic innovation strategy, together would spur greater global competitiveness and growth. It is a combined global approach that would effectively generate innovation.
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Beal, Reginald M., and Masoud Yasai-Ardekani. "Performance Implications of Aligning CEO Functional Experiences with Competitive Strategies." Journal of Management 26, no. 4 (August 2000): 733–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600407.
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This study examines the performance consequences of aligning managerial functional experiences with generic competitive strategies and adopts a multidimensional view of generic competitive strategies involving low-cost leadership and several differentiation based strategies. Using data on a sample of 101 small manufacturing firms, the results of analysis provide substantial support for the alignment hypotheses. The study further tests a series of hypotheses on alignments between combined managerial experiences and hybrid strategies that combine low-cost leadership with differentiation based strategies. The findings indicate that superior performance results in conditions where managerial functional experiences are congruent with the requirements of particular generic or hybrid strategies.
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Yang, Ying, Weibin Huang, Guangwen Ma, Shijun Chen, Gang Liu, and Yue Liu. "Combined Bidding Strategy of Multi-owner Cascaded Hydropower Stations in Day-Ahead Market." MATEC Web of Conferences 246 (2018): 02036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824602036.
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Under the background of the electricity market reform, if the multi-owner cascade hydropower stations bid separately, the overall competitive advantages of river basin cannot be exerted, and the overall benefits cannot achieve the maximization. Based on the operation characteristics of cascade hydropower stations and the rule of competitive bidding, this paper established a bi-level optimal model for bidding game in day-ahead market, and used the Nash equilibrium principle of the game theory and genetic algorithm to solve this model, the optimal bidding strategies of the multi-owner cascade hydropower stations have been solved under the circumstances of bidding by oneself and alliance. The results from the calculating examples showed that the unified price declaration of the multi-owner cascade hydropower stations in day-ahead market can improve the overall and individual generation efficiency, and proved the effectiveness and feasibility of the combined bidding strategy in power market.
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Tuzlukova, A. V. "Competitive Strategy in Employees with Self-Oriented and Socially-Oriented Perfectionism." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 23, no. 1 (April 10, 2021): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2021-23-1-183-190.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present research featured competitive strategy aimed at achieving different goals in professional activity of employees with different intensity of perfectionism. It resulted in a definition of perfectionism based on the role of personality orientation in competitiveness, the subject content of personality orientation, and available publications on the subject content of perfectionism, its types, and their relationship. The type of perfectionism depends on personal characteristics that manifest themselves in competitive environment. Therefore, perfectionist orientation shapes completive strategy in employees. The research involved 142 employees (112 women, 30 men) aged 19–62. The procedure for identifying various types of perfectionist orientation combined the type of perfectionism, achievement motivation, and cognitive attitudes. The paper also introduces criteria for distinguishing self-oriented and socially-oriented perfectionism. The main goal of competition strategy in subjects with self-oriented perfectionism was formulated as demonstration of individual work pattern, while in subjects with sociallyoriented perfectionism it was high quality of activity. The first appeared to be fuelled by the internal motivation and dependence on others. However, criticism and disapproval can affect the desire to achieve the goal. The second was fuelled by security reasons and resulted in actions aimed at retaining the achieved advantages. Both groups hardly saw colleagues as rivals.
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Graham, Stephanie. "The Influence of External and Internal Stakeholder Pressures on the Implementation of Upstream Environmental Supply Chain Practices." Business & Society 59, no. 2 (December 4, 2017): 351–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650317745636.
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This study examines the independent and combined influences of internal and external antecedents to upstream environmental practices. Proactive environmental strategy is considered as an internal antecedent and competitive pressure as an external antecedent. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis is used to test the hypothesized relationships using data from a sample of 149 manufacturing companies located within the U.K. food industry. The results suggest that proactive strategy and competitive pressure exert both independent and combined influences on environmental supply chain practices. Proactive strategy appears to be a stronger driver of these practices, suggesting that internal stakeholders such as directors, managers, and employees may be more influential in the adoption of certain practices than external stakeholder pressures. This article builds upon the recent wave of research highlighting the potential for internal and external factors to generate a combined influence on the adoption of environmental practices within companies and their supply chains.
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Davidovici-Nora, Myriam. "e-Sport as Leverage for Growth Strategy." International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations 9, no. 2 (April 2017): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgcms.2017040103.
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While e-Sport today becomes a big business and a highly publicized industry, a big business and a highly-publicized industry, it is still studied from a descriptive perspective rather than from an analytical one. In this paper, the author proposes to analyze the relationship between e-Sport and the growth strategy of the game League of Legends (LoL) developed by Riot Games. How competitive community and casual community evolve together? What are the conditions for a virtuous growth? The author deepens the link between the traditional free-to-play dynamics based on acquisition-retention-monetization of players and the dynamics of e-Sport based on managing audience, pro-gamers, competitive events and broadcasting. The author finds that casual players and pro-gamers have specific roles that, combined with an active policy centered on player's experience developed by Riot Games and with a growing media ecosystem, create externalities on each other.
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Braun, Michael, Scott Latham, and Benedetto Cannatelli. "Strategy and business models: why winning companies need both." Journal of Business Strategy 40, no. 5 (September 3, 2019): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-01-2019-0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose This paper aims to highlight the importance of addressing both competitive strategy and business model for the long-term success of a company. The paper builds a prescriptive framework to help managers assess their companies’ positions based on the extent to which they attend to their strategies and business models simultaneously. In doing so, the paper offers four possible outcomes – idling, faceoff, breakdown and traction – providing examples to capture each scenario and managerial prescription. Design/methodology/approach The framework of this study is based on academic research in strategy and business model design, the authors’ scholarly work on innovation and their combined experiences and observations in the industry. The framework uses examples of well-known companies to make the case for why managers need to pay heed to both business models and strategies simultaneously to achieve long-term competitive profitability. Findings This study’s framework suggests that the delicate balance between strategy and business model design determines the long-term competitive advantage and profitability of a company. Focusing on strategy without paying heed to the business model can cause companies to lose sight of changing customer behaviors. Alternatively, managerial attention to business models at the exclusion of its strategy leaves the company vulnerable to competition. The framework points at the delicate strategy–business model balance required to manage winning companies. Originality/value Business models and strategies represent two separate yet inextricably linked domains under the purview of management. However, companies can be weakened because of an overemphasis on one at the expense of the other. This paper’s framework offers a simple yet effective guide to assist managers in assessing their organizations’ current positions while also providing direction toward addressing any shortcomings.
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Wang, Zong-Sheng, Jung Lee, Chang Geun Song, and Sun-Jeong Kim. "Efficient Chaotic Imperialist Competitive Algorithm with Dropout Strategy for Global Optimization." Symmetry 12, no. 4 (April 16, 2020): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12040635.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The imperialist competitive algorithm combined with chaos theory (CICA) demonstrates excellent performance in global optimization problems. However, its computational complexity increases with the introduction of chaotic maps. To address this, we integrate CICA with a dropout strategy that randomly samples the dimensions of each solution at each iteration of the computation. We investigate the potential of the proposed algorithm with different chaotic maps through six symmetric and six asymmetric benchmark functions. We also apply the proposed algorithm to AUVs’ path planning application showing its performance and effectiveness in solving real problems. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm not only has low computational complexity but also enhances local search capability near the globally optimal solution with an insignificant loss in the success rate.
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Khan, Nosheen Jawaid, Sarwar Azhar, and Zoofishan Hayat. "Strategic Approach to Job Design: An Issue in Strategy Implementation." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 5, no. 1 (January 11, 2015): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v5i1.6746.
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The field of strategy and strategic human resource management (SHRM) are combined to unveil the “black box” involved in strategy formulation and effective strategy implementation process. The SHRM new focus considered human capital as strategic resource utilized and deployed to strategic jobs that are designed to broaden its focus from task significance to strategically impact on employment of organizational capabilities or competencies at any level in the firm for the effective strategy implementation. Strategic job-design fit contribute to deploy organizational capabilities and competencies for the approach to effective strategy execution that leads to competitive advantage. The strategic capabilities of human capital exhibit certain behaviors that mediate the process of effective strategy implementation. It is suggested that without involvement of internal organization factors (Social Capital and Inter-functional coordination) behaviors cannot be applied appropriately for the convergence process. It is concluded that right pool of human capital should be strategically aligned with strategic jobs while recognizing and deploying organization capabilities and core competencies, manifested through appropriate behaviors rightly applicable through convergence process to smoothen the execution of the strategy.
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Siekmann, Ina-Katrin, Kevin Dierck, Sebastian Prall, Marianne Klokow, Julia Strauss, Sophia Buhs, Antonina Wrzeszcz, et al. "Combined inhibition of receptor tyrosine and p21-activated kinases as a therapeutic strategy in childhood ALL." Blood Advances 2, no. 19 (October 9, 2018): 2554–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2018020693.
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Abstract Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-dependent signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of childhood. However, the RTK-dependent signaling state and its interpretation with regard to biological behavior are often elusive. To decipher signaling circuits that link RTK activity with biological output in vivo, we established patient-derived xenograft ALL (PDX-ALL) models with dependencies on fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRB), which were interrogated by phosphoproteomics using iTRAQ mass spectrometry. Signaling circuits were determined by receptor type and cellular context with few generic features, among which we identified group I p21-activated kinases (PAKs) as potential therapeutic targets. Growth factor stimulation markedly increased catalytic activities of PAK1 and PAK2. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated or pharmacological inhibition of PAKs using allosteric or adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive compounds attenuated cell growth and increased apoptosis in vitro. Notably, PAK1- or PAK2-directed RNAi enhanced the antiproliferative effects of the type III RTK and protein kinase C inhibitor midostaurin. Treatment of FLT3- or PDGFRB-dependent ALLs with ATP-competitive PAK inhibitors markedly decreased catalytic activities of both PAK isoforms. In FLT3-driven ALL, this effect was augmented by coadministration of midostaurin resulting in synergistic effects on growth inhibition and apoptosis. Finally, combined treatment of FLT3D835H PDX-ALL with the ATP-competitive group I PAK inhibitor FRAX486 and midostaurin in vivo significantly prolonged leukemia progression-free survival compared with midostaurin monotherapy or control. Our study establishes PAKs as potential downstream targets in RTK-dependent ALL of childhood, the inhibition of which might help prevent the selection or acquisition of resistance mutations toward tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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FEDOSYUK, A. I. "CHOICE OF THE OPTIMAL STRATEGY IN THE MARKET WITH PERFECT COMPETITION." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 6 (2020): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.06.01.014.
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This article discusses the issue of choosing the optimal competitive strategy in markets with perfect competition. In the context of the rapid development of digital technologies, more and more market segments are subject to commoditization, which leads, on the one hand, to an essential depersonalization of suppliers of goods, works and services, and on the other hand, to the choice made by the consumer solely on the basis of price criteria. Over the past two decades, there has been a market segment in the Russian economy that is inherently close to perfectly competitive markets – the sub-federal debt market of the Russian Federation. The structure of the subfederal debt market, formed by numerous suppliers (credit organizations) and consumers (constituent entities of the Federation), and transparent bidding mechanisms existing under the Russian antitrust laws, combined with the uniformity of the goods being traded (cash loan) make it possible to consider it a market with perfect competition. But, unlike the classical commodity market, credit market transactions are characterized by the duration of the active interaction of the creditor (supplier) and the debtor (consumer), since the loan is provided for a certain period, after which it must be repaid with payment of all interest due. Thus, the behavior of the creditor bank is determined not only by the market situation at the time of the transaction, but also by the change in the state of the debtor during the loan period. With this in mind, the task of choosing the optimal market strategy becomes non-linear and can be solved using numerical methods of modeling the trading process.
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Pain, Matthew A., Chris Harwood, and Rich Anderson. "Pre-Competition Imagery and Music: The Impact on Flow and Performance in Competitive Soccer." Sport Psychologist 25, no. 2 (June 2011): 212–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.25.2.212.
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This article describes an intervention on the precompetition routines of soccer players during a 19-week phase of a competitive season. Specifically, we worked with players to develop an enhanced understanding of the effectiveness of personalized preperformance music and imagery scripts in facilitating flow states and performance. Five male players (M age = 20.5; S.D = 1.6) participated in a single-subject multiple baseline across individuals design with multiple treatments and without reversal. Following a preintervention phase, participants undertook the intervention during their prematch warm-up. Flow and perceived performance were assessed immediately after each match. Results indicated that asynchronous music and MG-M imagery when combined had a facilitative effect on flow and perceived performance. Postexperimental player comments supported these findings and suggest that the intervention strategy has great potential for athletes during precompetition. Consultancy guidelines for the use of music and imagery within competitive soccer are presented in the discussion.
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Shams, S. M. Riad, Demetris Vrontis, Alkis Thrassou, Christos Themistocleous, and Michael Christofi. "Stakeholder dynamics of contextual ambidextrous capabilities and authenticity: A conceptual synchronisation for competitive advantage." Journal of General Management 46, no. 1 (October 2020): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306307020913688.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The combined effect of strategic ambidextrous management (dynamic capabilities and contextual ambidexterity), marketing and brand communication management has been implicitly and explicitly identified as bearing critical implications for competitive advantage. However, the mutual influence of these knowledge streams on competitive advantage as well as its key component of contextual ambidexterity are much under-researched. This article follows an inductive constructivist method to develop a theoretically founded conceptualisation of the means through which the various stakeholder contextual ambidextrous dynamic capabilities can leverage the organisational authenticity learning process in cross-functional management to explore and exploit new competitive advantage scopes. Specifically, this research proposes a theoretically synchronised conceptual framework that focuses on identified key attributes of the knowledge streams, interlinking their individual and combined influences on brand positioning and corporate reputation for the creation of competitive advantage. Scholarly and empirical implications are also presented along with future research avenues.
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Kavaliou, A. V., and A. V. Hromava. "Strategy Design Method Based on Corporate Learning System." Science & Technique 19, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2020-19-2-119-124.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper proposes a method for a strategy design that corresponds to concept of dynamic capabilities. The advan-tages and disadvantages of the methods of strategy design used by various schools of strategic management are demonstrated. The authors postulate inconsistency between a new stage of scientific knowledge and the related technique of strategic analysis and strategy design methods. The purpose of the article is to develop a method for creation a strategy based on a learning system as a key element of a competitive advantage in the concept of dynamic abilities. The method compares favorably with approaches based on the analysis of the external environment, which have a methodological contradiction, since such a stra-tegy is available to all market actors, and it is easy to repeat it. Unlike the methods of the “basic” resource concept, the proposed one allows you to expand an approach to design a strategy precisely from the standpoint of strategic actions in relation to the resources, capabilities, and competencies of the company, which can be combined into clusters that provide a syner-gistic effect. The long-term horizon of the strategy invariably requires the inclusion of corporate learning system as a gene-rator of organizational capabilities into the various clusters. It has been noted that the speed of reaction to changes which is required in a contemporary competitive environment puts forward a corporate learning system as a key competency of a company. The method corresponding to the concept of dynamic capabilities creates the possibility of developing a strategy based on a corporate learning system and provides a dynamic sustainable competitive advantage.
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Sidhu, Mandeep Kaur, Kanwarpreet Singh, and Doordarshi Singh. "Strategic impact of SCM and SCQM practices on competitive dimensions of Indian manufacturing industries." TQM Journal 31, no. 5 (October 10, 2019): 696–721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tqm-01-2019-0010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the capabilities of total quality management (TQM) and supply chain management (SCM) and extract various significant factors which influence the implementation of SCM alone and synergy of both TQM–SCM in terms of business performance of Indian medium and large scale manufacturing industry. Design/methodology/approach In the present study, 116 Indian manufacturing organizations have been extensively surveyed to ascertain the inter-relationships between various success factors and competitive dimensions of SCM alone and for combined approach (TQM–SCM), through different statistical techniques. Further, to evaluate the significance of time period on competitive dimensions, two-tailed t-test has been deployed. Finally the discriminant validity test has been applied to extract highly successful and moderately successful organizations for both approaches. Findings The study compares the contributions played by only SCM initiatives and combined approach (TQM–SCM) initiatives toward realization of significant improvements of various competitive dimensions of Indian manufacturing organizations. Finally, this study reveals that synergistic relationship of TQM and SCM paradigms can be more helpful as compared to only SCM initiatives for Indian manufacturing industries to enhance overall business performance. Originality/value TQM and SCM are considered as performance improvement techniques by the manufacturing organizations. The present research work establishes that combined (TQM–SCM) initiatives have effectively contributed for realization of significant competitive dimensions, progressively from introduction to maturity phases. So, the study stresses upon the need for improving coordination between various manufacturing parameters as well as competitive dimensions of TQM and SCM paradigms to enjoy higher potential of business performance.
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Xiao, Xi Feng, and Lei Ji Zhou. "Combined PEG Immobilization on Polystyrene Microspheres: Ability of Protein Resistance." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 1214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.1214.
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Polyethylene glycol (PEG) fixation has been proved to significantly decrease nonspecific protein adsorption on varied substrates. Here, a strategy of surface modification using two kinds of PEGs with different chain lengths was developed to improve the surface ability of protein resistance. We designed different reaction routes and investigated their reaction conditions. The amount of nonspecific protein adsorption on the substrates after modification was measured by UV-Vis spectrometry. The results showed that higher performance of protein resistance on the solid surface was acquired from the two-step modification than other methods. A competitive mechanism of reaction was proposed to elucidate the interaction between distinct PEGs on the substrates.
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Du, Yunzhou, Phillip H. Kim, and Howard E. Aldrich. "Hybrid Strategies, Dysfunctional Competition, and New Venture Performance in Transition Economies." Management and Organization Review 12, no. 3 (September 2016): 469–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mor.2016.30.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTConventional wisdom suggests that new ventures can employ a combination of two general strategies to confront the challenges of operating in transition economies or regions known for their weak institutional conditions: These ventures may succeed by enacting a market-orientation strategy, which focuses on providing value to customers and implementing rapid responses to competitive situations. They can also engage in a more traditional political-networking strategy that engages government officials, which may yield public resources and enhance their organizational legitimacy. However, research results are inconclusive regarding the effectiveness of these strategies when they are combined in a hybrid form. We argue that the advantages of a hybrid strategy are contingent on the perception of a specific condition: dysfunctional competition. In our analysis of new venture performance in China, we show that political networking indeed amplifies the positive influence of market-orientation strategies on performance, but only in contexts where dysfunctional competition is perceived to be low. When such competition is high, political networking becomes counterproductive, diverting attention away from swift responses to market demands. By addressing how multiple strategies work together, we offer insights into the extent to which the effectiveness of hybrid strategies – incorporating both market-orientation and political-networking – depend on the context in which they are implemented.
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Pham, Canh V., Hieu V. Duong, Huan X. Hoang, and My T. Thai. "Competitive Influence Maximization within Time and Budget Constraints in Online Social Networks: An Algorithmic Approach." Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (June 1, 2019): 2274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9112274.
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Competitive Influence Maximization ( CIM ) problem, which seeks a seed set nodes of a player or a company to propagate their product’s information while at the same time their competitors are conducting similar strategies, has been paid much attention recently due to its application in viral marketing. However, existing works neglect the fact that the limited budget and time constraints can play an important role in competitive influence strategy of each company. In addition, based on the the assumption that one of the competitors dominates in the competitive influence process, the majority of prior studies indicate that the competitive influence function (objective function) is monotone and submodular.This led to the fact that CIM can be approximated within a factor of 1 − 1 / e − ϵ by a Greedy algorithm combined with Monte Carlo simulation method. Unfortunately, in a more realistic scenario where there is fair competition among competitors, the objective function is no longer submodular. In this paper, we study a general case of CIM problem, named Budgeted Competitive Influence Maximization ( BCIM ) problem, which considers CIM with budget and time constraints under condition of fair competition. We found that the objective function is neither submodular nor suppermodular. Therefore, it cannot admit Greedy algorithm with approximation ratio of 1 − 1 / e . We propose Sandwich Approximation based on Polling-Based Approximation ( SPBA ), an approximation algorithm based on Sandwich framework and polling-based method. Our experiments on real social network datasets showed the effectiveness and scalability of our algorithm that outperformed other state-of-the-art methods. Specifically, our algorithm is scalable with million-scale networks in only 1.5 min.
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DeGaspari, John. "High-Tech Delivery." Mechanical Engineering 126, no. 08 (August 1, 2004): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2004-aug-4.
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The US Postal Service is automating its vast infrastructure to stand up to its competition. The Postal Service is betting that investments in modern technology can help it improve efficiency and reduce costs. The tactic is part of an overall strategy, known as the Transformation Plan, to keep the Postal Service competitive in the face of competition from e-mail and private carriers, an expanding network of delivery points, and declining revenues. Wide Field of View cameras boost productivity of letter-sorting machines by reading a higher percentage of barcoded mail. The 534 Advanced Flat Sorter Machines, deployed in 2001, use optical character recognition and remote keying technology to sort mail into 120 separations. The Postal Service is integrating systems within processing facilities as tubs and trays are combined into larger wheeled containers for shipment. The Postal Service has established the Mail Technology Strategy Council to help it evaluate innovative technologies. The council consults with industry to get an idea of where modern technologies are headed and which ones are feasible to incorporate.
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Liu, Yingjie, and Hongzhong Shan. "Fresh Fruit Time based on STP analysis and statistics method (Changchun) Word-of-mouth marketing strategy research." E3S Web of Conferences 233 (2021): 02055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123302055.
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At this stage, the beverage market has become the Red Sea. HEYTEA, Naixue’s Tea at the top, and Michelle Ice City, which occupies third- and fourth-tier cities, account for most of the total market. How to gain a competitive advantage in the beverage market where competition is fierce and marketing methods tend to be consistent is a problem that Fresh Fruit Time (Changchun) needs to solve. This paper analyzes the existing marketing mix of Fresh Fruit Time (Changchun) and finds that it has shortcomings in word-of-mouth marketing. With the help of STP analysis and statistics method, combined with Fresh Fruit Time’s product characteristics and business philosophy, it identifies young white- collar women as the target market, positioning a healthy and comfortable buying environment, and proposing word-of-mouth marketing suggestions for creating topical events through related media, viral communication and search marketing optimization. The combination of STP and statistics method is an innovation, making statistical methods more realistic.
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Niu, Yunyun, Juanjuan He, Zhongyu Wang, and Jianhua Xiao. "A P-Based Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/169481.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The ability to solve optimization problems using membrane algorithms is an important application of membrane computing. This work combines membrane systems and genetic operators to build an approximated algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with time windows. The algorithm is based on a tissue-like membrane structure combined with cell separation rules and communication rules; during such processes membranes collect and disperse information. Genetic operators are used as the system's subalgorithms. We also design a special improvement strategy to speed up the search process in subsystems. The experimental results show that the solution quality from the proposed algorithm is competitive with other heuristic or metaheuristic algorithms in the literature.
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Belikan, Patrick, Lisa Nauth, Lars-Christopher Färber, Frédéric Abel, Eva Langendorf, Philipp Drees, Pol Maria Rommens, Ulrike Ritz, and Stefan G. Mattyasovszky. "Intramuscular Injection of Combined Calf Blood Compound (CFC) and Homeopathic Drug Tr14 Accelerates Muscle Regeneration In Vivo." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 2112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062112.
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Skeletal muscle injuries in competitive sports cause lengthy absences of athletes from tournaments. This is of tremendous competitive and economic relevance for both the athletes and their respective clubs. Therapy for structural muscle lesions aims to promote regeneration and fast-track return-to-play. A common clinical treatment strategy for muscle injuries is the intramuscular injection of calf blood compound and the homeopathic drug, Tr14. Although the combination of these two agents was reported to reduce recovery time, the regulatory mechanism whereby this occurs remains unknown. In this in vivo study, we selected a rat model of mechanical muscle injury to investigate the effect of this combination therapy on muscle regeneration. Gene expression analysis and histological images revealed that this combined intramuscular injection for muscle lesions can enhance the expression of pro-myogenic genes and proteins and accelerate muscle regeneration. These findings are novel and depict the positive effects of calf blood compound and the homeopathic drug, Tr14, which are utilized in the field of Sports medicine.
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Natunis, Rolfy Is. "Analisis Manajemen Pemasaran Rumah Produksi dan Promosi Alat Musik Tradisional Sasando." JURNAL TATA KELOLA SENI 4, no. 2 (August 2, 2019): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/jtks.v4i2.3085.
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Abstrak Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode desriptif kualitatif. Langkah yang digunakan yaitu melakukan analisis data dan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian pertama, berdasarkan tahap analisis terhadap strategi yang tepat dilakukan oleh pengelola dalam memasarkan Rumah Produksi dan Promosi Sasando adalah menjaga dan mempertahankan posisi pada indikator internal huruf E, yaitu memiliki jaringan kerja sama dengan pemerintah yang selama ini sudah dilakukan. Kebijakan yang umum dari strategi ini adalah dengan melakukan penetrasi pasar dan mengembangkan produk. Artinya pengelola perusahaan harus mempertahankan posisinya dengan terus mengembangkan karya-karya seperti membuat karya dalam bentuk alat musik dan miniatur/cendera mata. Kedua, berdasarkan kuadran analisis SWOT yang menunjukkan posisinya berada pada kuadran IV yaitu menggambarkan situasi organisasi sangat buruk, karena di samping berbagai kelemahan internal, timbul ancaman dari luar, strategi defensif dapat meningkatkan ketangguhan setiap keunggulan bersaing yang dimiliki perusahaan bila dikombinasikan dengan strategi ofensif untuk meningkatkan keunggulan bersaing perusahaan. Jenis strategi defensif dapat dibagi dalam dua bagian besar, yaitu strategi menangkis (deterrence) dan strategi tanggapan (response). Abstract In this resarch using qualitative descriptive method. The step used are doing data analysis and SWOT analysis. The first results of the research, based on the analysis phase of the appropriate strategy carried out by the manager in marketing Sasando Production and Promotion Houses, are maintaining and maintaining the position on the internal indicator letter E, which has a network of cooperation with the government. The general policy of this strategy is to penetrate the market and develop products. This means that company managers must maintain their position by continuing to develop works such as making works in the form of musical instruments and miniatures/souvenirs. Secondly, based on the SWOT analysis quadrant which shows its position in quadrant IV, it describes the organizational situation is very bad, because in addition to various internal weaknesses arising from outside threats, defensive strategies can increase the resilience of each company competitive advantage when combined with offensive strategies to improve competitive advantage company. This type of defensive strategy can be divided into two major parts, namely deterrence strategies and response strategies.
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Lykouris, Thodoris, and Sergei Vassilvitskii. "Competitive Caching with Machine Learned Advice." Journal of the ACM 68, no. 4 (July 7, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447579.
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Traditional online algorithms encapsulate decision making under uncertainty, and give ways to hedge against all possible future events, while guaranteeing a nearly optimal solution, as compared to an offline optimum. On the other hand, machine learning algorithms are in the business of extrapolating patterns found in the data to predict the future, and usually come with strong guarantees on the expected generalization error. In this work, we develop a framework for augmenting online algorithms with a machine learned predictor to achieve competitive ratios that provably improve upon unconditional worst-case lower bounds when the predictor has low error. Our approach treats the predictor as a complete black box and is not dependent on its inner workings or the exact distribution of its errors. We apply this framework to the traditional caching problem—creating an eviction strategy for a cache of size k . We demonstrate that naively following the oracle’s recommendations may lead to very poor performance, even when the average error is quite low. Instead, we show how to modify the Marker algorithm to take into account the predictions and prove that this combined approach achieves a competitive ratio that both (i) decreases as the predictor’s error decreases and (ii) is always capped by O (log k ), which can be achieved without any assistance from the predictor. We complement our results with an empirical evaluation of our algorithm on real-world datasets and show that it performs well empirically even when using simple off-the-shelf predictions.
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Kittilaksanawong, Wiboon, and Sinduja Kandaswamy. "Vodafone-Idea merger: emergence of a telecom giant amidst predatory price wars." CASE Journal 14, no. 6 (November 12, 2018): 609–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-10-2017-0099.
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Synopsis The Indian telecom market was witnessing a fierce price war, especially from an aggressive entry of a new player Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited (Jio) with a predatory pricing strategy. To react to the increasingly intense rivalry and maintain top positions, the second and third largest telecom operator like Vodafone India and Idea Cellular Limited (Idea) decided to merge together. The combined entity would become the largest wireless carrier in India. Was the merger the right competitive strategy for Vodafone India and Idea to fight against the wars? What synergies could the merger bring about? Given Vodafone India and Idea agreed to maintain their respective brands after the merger, would the two brands compete and cannibalize each other’s market share? As the Indian telecom industry was undergoing the liberalization of airwaves, how should the merged entity overcome potential regulatory hurdles? If this mega merger went through, what could be the impacts on the Indian telecom industry? If not, how should the companies move forward with the competition? Research methodology This case study research is based on published information of the focal companies and their operating environment. The case is written in such a way that can be depicted by related theoretical perspectives available from leading journals and books. There is no disguise of any actual persons or entities and no personal relationship between the authors and the organizations or individuals mentioned in the case. Relevant courses and levels The case study is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate level business school students in courses, including mergers and acquisitions, competitive strategies, industry analysis and marketing strategies. Theoretical bases The case is grounded on the industrial organization and resource-based theories, where the actions and reactions of competitors in the market are driven by their awareness, motivation and capability toward the competitive situation. Leveraging on a highly competitive and consolidated, unique Indian telecom market, the authors analyze competitive situations of the industry, evaluate potential synergistic benefits and market power from the merger of competitors, and give recommendations for the merged entity to overcome regulatory hurdles in the industry that is undergoing deregulation and to move forward with effective strategies to compete and strengthen market positions in such industry environment.
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Mohd Nasir, Nadirah, Zanariah Abdul Majid, Fudziah Ismail, and Norfifah Bachok. "Direct Integration of Boundary Value Problems Using the Block Method via the Shooting Technique Combined with Steffensen’s Strategy." Mathematics 7, no. 11 (November 8, 2019): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7111075.
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This study is intended to evaluate numerically the solution of second order boundary value problems (BVPs) subject to mixed boundary conditions using a direct method. The mixed set of boundary conditions is subsumed under Type 1: mixed boundary conditions of Dirichlet and Robin and Type 2: mixed boundary conditions of Robin and Neumann. The direct integration procedure will compute the solutions at two values concurrently within a block with a fixed step size. The shooting technique adapted to the derivative free Steffensen method is employed as the iterative strategy to generate the new initial estimates. Four numerical examples are given to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of the developed numerical scheme of order six. The computational comparison indicates that the proposed method gives favorably competitive performance compared to the existing method in terms of accuracy, total function calls, and time saving.
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Kim, Yong-Jeong, Joo-Hee Lee, Sang-Gun Lee, and Hong-Hee Lee. "Developing Sustainable Competitive Strategies in the Beauty Service Industry: A SWOT-AHP Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (September 29, 2021): 10852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910852.
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The purpose of this study is to provide concrete growth strategies and practical development methods in the beauty service industry. This study consists of a SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) analysis from the literature review and in-depth interviews with experts of the beauty service industry in South Korea. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is applied to the finalized SWOT matrix to incorporate experts’ ideas. The combined high priority factors present four types of strategic alternatives: Strength–Opportunity (SO), Strength–Threat (ST), Weakness–Opportunity (WO), and Weakness–Threat (WT). This study applies an environmental analysis framework from the management strategy field to construct a sophisticated SWOT matrix. Furthermore, this study quantifies the importance of SWOT components through AHP to determine priorities to lay the groundwork for timely and sustainable strategy development in the beauty service industry. Based on the SWOT-AHP analysis, this study suggests that beauty service companies should pay attention to the lack of profitability and employee stress with high turnover rates caused by poor working conditions and emotional labor. In addition, the Korean government should gradually shift away from the lack of an effective legal system to grow the beauty industry.
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Ieda, Masashi. "A dynamic optimal execution strategy under stochastic price recovery." International Journal of Financial Engineering 02, no. 04 (December 2015): 1550025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424786315500255.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the present paper, we study the optimal execution problem under stochastic price recovery based on limit order book dynamics. We model price recovery after execution of a large order by accelerating the arrival of the refilling order, which is defined as a Cox process whose intensity increases by the degree of the market impact. We include not only the market order, but also the limit order in our strategy in a restricted fashion. We formulate the problem as a combined stochastic control problem over a finite time horizon. The corresponding Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman quasi-variational inequality is solved numerically. The optimal strategy obtained consists of three components: (i) the initial large trade; (ii) the unscheduled small trades during the period; (iii) the terminal large trade. The size and timing of the trade is governed by the tolerance for market impact depending on the state at each time step, and hence the strategy behaves dynamically. We also provide competitive results due to inclusion of the limit order, even though a limit order is allowed under conservative evaluation of the execution price.
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Larpant, Nutcha, Pramod K. Kalambate, Tautgirdas Ruzgas, and Wanida Laiwattanapaisal. "Paper-Based Competitive Immunochromatography Coupled with an Enzyme-Modified Electrode to Enable the Wireless Monitoring and Electrochemical Sensing of Cotinine in Urine." Sensors 21, no. 5 (February 28, 2021): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051659.
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This paper proposes a combined strategy of using paper-based competitive immunochromatography and a near field communication (NFC) tag for wireless cotinine determination. The glucose oxidase labeled cotinine antibody specifically binds free cotinine in a sample, whereas the unoccupied antibody attached to BSA-cotinine at the test line on a lateral flow strip. The glucose oxidase on the strip and an assistant pad in the presence of glucose generated H2O2 and imposed the Ag oxidation on the modified electrode. This enabled monitoring of immunoreaction by either electrochemical measurement or wireless detection. Wireless sensing was realized for cotinine in the range of 100–1000 ng/mL (R2 = 0.96) in PBS medium. Undiluted urine samples from non-smokers exhibited an Ag-oxidation rate three times higher than the smoker’s urine samples. For 1:8 diluted urine samples (smokers), the proposed paper-based competitive immunochromatography coupled with an enzyme-modified electrode differentiated positive and negative samples and exhibited cotinine discrimination at levels higher than 12 ng/mL. This novel sensing platform can potentially be combined with a smartphone as a reader unit.
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Febriansyah, Ferry, Paulus Yuniarto, and Zaenal Mutaqien. "Usulan Strategi Bersaing Jasa Pengiriman Paket PT. POS Indonesia (Studi Kasus di UPT PT. POS Indonesia II BANDUNG)." Jurnal Teknik: Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Aplikasi Teknik 11, no. 2 (October 31, 2012): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26874/jt.vol11no2.188.
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As a BUMN in postal industry, PT. Pos Indonesia claimed to be survived in nowadays competition and also be able to give contribution to the government. To make it happen, it needs competitive strategy that match to the existing business, so that business can achieve the corporate goals. Strategies that will be conducted are correlated to the company's internal and external environment, including customer satisfaction. So with the analysis of environment and customer satisfaction, later on the company will be able to adapt for the change that happen in its business environment to its internal condition. Those things that make the writer recommend an appropriate formula of company's strategy that suitable with the internal and external condition of the company.To gather information about internal and external condition of the company, the writer uses a previous guestioner. With this guestioner, the writer knows the internal factors that strengths and weaknesses for the company and the external factors that could be either opportunities or threats to company. To know how big that environment influenced, we conducted a rating for those factors so we can know the company business position. This position can be known from GE (General Electric) Matrix which combined the industry attractiveness with business power. To know the customer satisfaction we use CSI (Customer Satisfaction Index), CSGI (Customer Satisfaction Gap Index), CSI Boxes, and Importance-Performance Matrix. With those things, we can formulate a competitive strategy that match to the company business environment.The result of this research, we know that business position of the company is on the selective growth level. About the customer satisfaction, the customer felt guit satisfy for the service that PT. Pos Indonesia gave with 63,38% of CSI. But if it's compared with Tiki, the guality service of PT. Pos Indonesia still loose.Aspect Industry Attractiveness, Score 3.82. Aspect Business Power, Score 3.61.The conclusion of this whole research is the formulating of business and functional level strategy. The formulated business strategies are growth strategy consist of market penetration, innovations, concentrations and alliance strategy. The functional strategies are the reduction of business strategies. The functional strategy conducted in marketing and distribution, operation, human resource, and financial section.
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Sanny, Lim. "Analisis Keunggulan Bersaing Nissan di Indonesia." Binus Business Review 1, no. 2 (November 30, 2010): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v1i2.1080.
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Automotive sales in Indonesia picked up sharply in 2010, and increase of prices does not lower the demand for automotive products. The large population of Indonesia and the low level of car ownership in the country suggest there is a lot of potential for expansion in the automotive industry. The aim of this research is to observe Nissan’s strategy in Indonesia to gain a spot in the top 10 of the best automotive seller in Indonesia. This research uses primary data with forecasting with monthly index to forecast the demand and to detect the selling target plans in 2010. Then, with combined porter five forces to determine the competitive strategy in the last 5 years.
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Miao, Kun, Qian Feng, and Wei Kuang. "Particle Swarm Optimization Combined with Inertia-Free Velocity and Direction Search." Electronics 10, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10050597.
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The particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is a widely used swarm-based natural inspired optimization algorithm. However, it suffers search stagnation from being trapped into a sub-optimal solution in an optimization problem. This paper proposes a novel hybrid algorithm (SDPSO) to improve its performance on local searches. The algorithm merges two strategies, the static exploitation (SE, a velocity updating strategy considering inertia-free velocity), and the direction search (DS) of Rosenbrock method, into the original PSO. With this hybrid, on the one hand, extensive exploration is still maintained by PSO; on the other hand, the SE is responsible for locating a small region, and then the DS further intensifies the search. The SDPSO algorithm was implemented and tested on unconstrained benchmark problems (CEC2014) and some constrained engineering design problems. The performance of SDPSO is compared with that of other optimization algorithms, and the results show that SDPSO has a competitive performance.
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Bloom, J. Dara, and C. Clare Hinrichs. "The long reach of lean retailing: Firm embeddedness and Wal-Mart’s implementation of local produce sourcing in the US." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, no. 1 (August 20, 2016): 168–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x16663207.
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With its corresponding concepts of societal, territorial, and network embeddedness, firm embeddedness offers a theoretical framework for analyzing how retailers develop strategies and business models determined by their home country context, but also adapted to new places, consumers, and networks. This paper uses firm embeddedness to examine food retailer adaptation within a changing home market, focusing on Wal-Mart’s efforts to implement local produce sourcing in the U.S. Growing consumer interest in local food has sufficiently shifted the competitive landscape within the U.S. market that Wal-Mart and other food retailers have sought to incorporate local produce into their operations. This paper asks whether Wal-Mart’s core lean retailing strategy facilitates or impedes such efforts to localize its U.S. produce supply chains. Qualitative field research conducted in 2011–2012 in one U.S. region centered on semi-structured interviews with 27 fresh fruit and vegetable producers involved in Wal-Mart’s local produce supply chains and 20 representatives of organizations facilitating commercial relationships between local growers and Wal-Mart. We find that the lean retailing model developed by Wal-Mart in response to historical circumstances in U.S. retailing and central to its present global retail dominance also limits Wal-Mart’s ability to engage in the bottom-up learning and adaptation to local contexts necessary for adjusting to the new competitive environment of local food. Wal-Mart’s centralized management and distribution systems, practices of cutting out intermediaries, and emphasis on standardization all presented some barriers to establishing the territorial and network embeddedness that could facilitate adaptation. However, we conclude that rather than simply failing to adapt to the challenges of localization, Wal-Mart applied a hybrid strategy in its local produce sourcing program. This hybrid strategy combined lean retailing—Wal-Mart’s traditional basis of competition—with selected, rather than comprehensive aspects of localization.
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Luechapattanaporn, Tossapon, and Winai Wongsurawat. "Competitive marketing through Confucian values in Malaysia: a case study." Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship 18, no. 2 (October 17, 2016): 162–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrme-11-2015-0048.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to stimulate debate about the advantages and disadvantages of incorporating Confucian values in personnel and marketing practices of a manufacturing firm in an ethnically diverse, emerging economy of Southeast Asia. Design/methodology/approach Primary data from the direct experience of the company’s manager were combined with secondary sources of information on the business landscape of Malaysia. Key lessons were developed from discussion and reflection on experiences of people involved with the company. Findings Cultivating warm, long-term relationships with customers through product dependability and gifts contributed to the firm’s marketing success. Family-like bonds between employees, “not strictly professional by Western standards” succeeded in keeping the turnover low. The paternalistic leadership style, however, came at the expense of a possible loss of constructive conflict through participatory decision-making. Research limitations/implications Analysis is restricted to the experience of a single company. Research findings are thus highly context-specific. Originality/value The case shows an example of successful implementation of key Confucian values in multiple business areas. The interplay between the East Asian values and the diverse ethnic context of Malaysia is also examined.
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Baumann, Chris, Michael Cherry, and Wujin Chu. "Competitive Productivity (CP) at macro–meso–micro levels." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 26, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 118–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-08-2018-0118.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to advance our understanding of competitiveness. The authors introduce the concept of Competitive Productivity (CP), supplementing shortcomings of traditional understandings of national, organisational and individual productivity which overlook the nature of competitiveness, i.e. outperforming the competition, or at least bettering one’s own performance. The authors offer definitions, components and construct measurements of CP at three levels: macro, meso and micro. Design/methodology/approach A review of the literature was conducted to evaluate the need for combining productivity and competitiveness into one new construct. There are theories that combine these ideas – e.g., the resource-based theory of the firm – but the authors are presenting these concepts differently, or in a novel way. The authors’ focus on CP makes necessary a new group of construct measures which are different from that of the strategy literature: the authors measure an agent’s tendency “to be better than the competition” along multiple dimensions. Based on the CP construct, the authors present three testable models to uncover determinants of CP at three levels (macro, meso and micro). Finally, the work around “emergent property” can be applied to examine CP itself as being a determinant for other higher-order outcomes such as welfare, profits and life satisfaction. CP forms a platform to explore likely interplay (bottom-up and/or top-down mechanisms) within the micro–meso–macro architecture. Findings Three CP models were developed and are briefly discussed in this paper: first, a National Competitive Productivity (NCP) model to capture the components/drivers of national CP (macro level). Second, a Firm Competitive Productivity (FCP) model to capture the components/drivers of firm CP within an industry context (meso). And finally, an Individual Competitive Productivity (ICP) model capturing the components/drivers of CP at the individual (micro) level. Originality/value The study provides a combined approach to capture productivity and competitiveness within one innovative concept: CP. It can be used by government and policy makers (NCP model), managers and organisations (FCP model), and individuals such as workers and students (ICP model) to evaluate and enhance their performance. A better understanding of the components/drivers of CP at the three levels and the suggested measurement of CP should provide a stronger theory of competitiveness of nations, firms and individuals. Not least should a focus on the three levels (macro, meso and micro) better prepare citizens, firms, workers and students to effectively function and work in the marketplace and in society. The authors’ work should eventually contribute to more effective benchmarking and continuous improvement in the competitiveness domain. Crucially, this conceptual paper forms the foundation for future empirical testing of CP components in the context of the relative values and moderated behaviour as captured by the ReVaMB model.
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Li, Nana, Yanmin Liu, Qijun Shi, Shihua Wang, and Kangge Zou. "Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization Based on Cosine Distance Mechanism and Game Strategy." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2021 (November 6, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6440338.
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The optimization problems are taking place at all times in actual lives. They are divided into single objective problems and multiobjective problems. Single objective optimization has only one objective function, while multiobjective optimization has multiple objective functions that generate the Pareto set. Therefore, to solve multiobjective problems is a challenging task. A multiobjective particle swarm optimization, which combined cosine distance measurement mechanism and novel game strategy, has been proposed in this article. The cosine distance measurement mechanism was adopted to update Pareto optimal set in the external archive. At the same time, the candidate set was established so that Pareto optimal set deleted from the external archive could be effectively replaced, which helped to maintain the size of the external archive and improved the convergence and diversity of the swarm. In order to strengthen the selection pressure of leader, this article combined with the game update mechanism, and a global leader selection strategy that integrates the game strategy including the cosine distance mechanism was proposed. In addition, mutation was used to maintain the diversity of the swarm and prevent the swarm from prematurely converging to the true Pareto front. The performance of the proposed competitive multiobjective particle swarm optimizer was verified by benchmark comparisons with several state-of-the-art multiobjective optimizer, including seven multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithms and seven multiobjective evolutionary algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate the promising performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of optimization quality.
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Johnson, K. "Measuring up: do you have a scorecard?" Water Supply 2, no. 4 (September 1, 2002): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0136.
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Performance measurement can be an effective tool in driving organization improvement to enable your utility to become more competitive, or improve customer satisfaction. WERF Project #99-WWF-7, Developing and Implementing a Performance Measurement System, is developing performance measurement systems by investigating a number of “best practices” in other industries and implementing selected practices at various water/wastewater utilities nationwide to determine how these practices can be adapted and applied. This joint WERF/AWWARF research project has been underway since mid-1999 to provide methods and tools that enable the utility to develop and implement a performance measurement system based on a demonstrated, proven approach. The Volume I Report summarizes the secondary research and project approach. Well designed, properly implemented performance measurement systems can enable utilities to achieve new levels of performance in terms of efficiency, quality, and effectiveness. Interest in performance measurement is increasing in all competitive businesses and industries today, and has been advanced through concepts such as the Balanced Scorecard. Utilities can employ these same concepts and learn “best practices” from other industries' experiences. While a performance measurement system alone does not improve performance or make a utility competitive, when combined with an appropriate business strategy and performance improvement initiatives, it can drive a cycle of change. A successful performance measurement system combines a holistic approach around improved business practices and effective human/organizational strategies in addition to actual performance information for operational decision-making.
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TAN, KAY CHUAN, MIN XIE, and XIAO-XIANG SHEN. "DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS USING KANO'S MODEL AND QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT." International Journal of Innovation Management 03, no. 03 (September 1999): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919699000141.
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Quality and innovation are two main issues involved in product development. When faced with increasingly intense competition from both national and international competitors, organisations usually consider quality and innovation as sources of competitive advantage. Customer satisfaction can be met and exceeded by providing customers with innovative products of high quality. Focusing on the early phases of product development, this paper suggests the combined use of quality function deployment and Kano's model. A case example is presented by employing the proposed method in a World Wide Web page design process. Customer requirements on Web pages were clearly recognised and deeply analysed. Also, further technical features were identified for delivering attractive Web pages. The results from the case example support the proposed framework as a means of innovative product development and attractive quality creation.
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Giubellino, Alessio, Petra Bullova, Svenja Nölting, Hana Turkova, James F. Powers, Qingsong Liu, Sylvie Guichard, Arthur S. Tischler, Ashley B. Grossman, and Karel Pacak. "Combined Inhibition of mTORC1 and mTORC2 Signaling Pathways Is a Promising Therapeutic Option in Inhibiting Pheochromocytoma Tumor Growth: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies in Female Athymic Nude Mice." Endocrinology 154, no. 2 (January 10, 2013): 646–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2012-1854.
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Several lines of evidence, including the recent discovery of novel susceptibility genes, point out an important role for the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in the development of pheochromocytoma. Analyzing a set of pheochromocytomas from patients with different genetic backgrounds, we observed and confirmed a significant overexpression of key mTOR complex (mTORC) signaling mediators. Using selective ATP-competitive inhibitors targeting both mTORC1 and mTORC2, we significantly arrested the in vitro cell proliferation and blocked migration of pheochromocytoma cells as a result of the pharmacological suppression of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, AZD8055, a selective ATP-competitive dual mTORC1/2 small molecular inhibitor, significantly reduced the tumor burden in a model of metastatic pheochromocytoma using female athymic nude mice. This study suggests that targeting both mTORC1 and mTORC2 is a potentially rewarding strategy and supports the application of selective inhibitors in combinatorial drug regimens for metastatic pheochromocytoma.
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Cohen, Itay, Si Naftaly, Efrat Ben-Zeev, Alexandra Hockla, Evette S. Radisky, and Niv Papo. "Pre-equilibrium competitive library screening for tuning inhibitor association rate and specificity toward serine proteases." Biochemical Journal 475, no. 7 (April 16, 2018): 1335–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20180070.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
High structural and sequence similarity within protein families can pose significant challenges to the development of selective inhibitors, especially toward proteolytic enzymes. Such enzymes usually belong to large families of closely similar proteases and may also hydrolyze, with different rates, protein- or peptide-based inhibitors. To address this challenge, we employed a combinatorial yeast surface display library approach complemented with a novel pre-equilibrium, competitive screening strategy for facile assessment of the effects of multiple mutations on inhibitor association rates and binding specificity. As a proof of principle for this combined approach, we utilized this strategy to alter inhibitor/protease association rates and to tailor the selectivity of the amyloid β-protein precursor Kunitz protease inhibitor domain (APPI) for inhibition of the oncogenic protease mesotrypsin, in the presence of three competing serine proteases, anionic trypsin, cationic trypsin and kallikrein-6. We generated a variant, designated APPIP13W/M17G/I18F/F34V, with up to 30-fold greater specificity relative to the parental APPIM17G/I18F/F34V protein, and 6500- to 230 000-fold improved specificity relative to the wild-type APPI protein in the presence of the other proteases tested. A series of molecular docking simulations suggested a mechanism of interaction that supported the biochemical results. These simulations predicted that the selectivity and specificity are affected by the interaction of the mutated APPI residues with nonconserved enzyme residues located in or near the binding site. Our strategy will facilitate a better understanding of the binding landscape of multispecific proteins and will pave the way for design of new drugs and diagnostic tools targeting proteases and other proteins.
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Gonzalez-Benito, Javier, and Gustavo Lannelongue. "An integrated approach to explain the manufacturing function's contribution to business performance." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 34, no. 9 (August 26, 2014): 1126–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-08-2011-0297.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – Prior research into the manufacturing function's contribution to business performance demonstrates two seemingly incompatible approaches: strategic alignment or the identification of best practices. In the former, practices are useful only if they are consistent with the strategy to be implemented; in the latter, better performance derives from certain practices, regardless of the strategic context. The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical framework to integrate these approaches according to two types of manufacturing alignment, external and internal, such that organizational performance depends on their interaction. Design/methodology/approach – The framework was tested over the information provided on a questionnaire by 148 Spanish companies in three industrial sectors: industrial and commercial machinery, electronic and other electrical equipment, and transportation equipment. Findings – The level of internal alignment depends on the manufacturing practices; some facilitate alignment under any competitive circumstances, whereas others only do so for specific competitive priorities. Originality/value – This study reinforces the idea that alignment between manufacturing capabilities and business strategy is fundamental, but it also recognizes some best practices that facilitate alignment in any circumstances. Therefore, it demonstrates that both, the approach based on strategic alignment and that based on the existence of best practices, can be combined to fully explain the potential of the manufacturing function.
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Wirtz, Jochen. "Giordano: positioning for international expansion." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621111110500.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Subject area Retailing, services marketing, marketing strategy. Study level/applicability Undergraduate Business and Management, MBA, MA Marketing/International Business. Case overview Giordano is one of Asia's most successful retailers, with operations in East Asia, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, and the Middle East. With a strong emphasis on customer service and value-for-money, Giordano was able to differentiate itself from its competitors. The question is: how can Giordano maintain its competitive advantage in the future? Amid increasingly stronger competitors and changing industry conditions, Giordano had to critically evaluate its sources of competitive advantage and key success factors, and perhaps consider repositioning itself in current and new markets. Expected learning outcomes This case is suited for a retailing or services marketing/management course. It demonstrates the power of a tight integration of marketing, operations, and human resource management to deliver value-for-money. Specifically, it can be used for the following teaching objectives: from a marketing perspective, this case can be used to demonstrate the successful integration of a strategy based on service orientation, value-for-money positioning, and aggressive advertising and promotions; and from a management perspective, the case can be used to highlight how the marketing strategy is being delivered through a clear focus on service staff (selection, training, and motivation) and operations (logistics, IT, and communications), combined with an organizational culture that encourages staff to try new things (and accept errors as a consequence). Supplementary materials Teaching notes.
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Bayer, Michael, Anders Haug, and Lars Hvam. "Differential effects of information technology on competitive positioning." Industrial Management & Data Systems 120, no. 10 (September 15, 2020): 1923–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-01-2020-0037.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PurposeInformation technology (IT), combined with complementary resources, can contribute to companies' competitive positioning. However, to assess the contribution of IT to value with respect to the contribution of complementary resources, it is crucial to understand the means by which IT creates value.Design/methodology/approachThis paper synthesizes empirical research on the inherent capabilities of IT and their moderating role to build an integrative model.FindingsWe found that IT creates value through three inherent capabilities: transactional, exchange and codification capabilities. These capabilities can be regarded as moderators of the relationship between IT and competitive advantage. This moderating role of IT in competitive positioning is illustrated by examples from previous empirical publications.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper contributes to IT business value (ITBV) literature by developing an integrative model that (1) conceptualizes an aspect of IT value creation, which, thus far, has received only limited attention (namely, inherent capabilities) and (2) illustrates the moderating role of these capabilities in competitive positioning.Practical implicationsInherent capabilities provide the theoretical foundation for a nuanced understanding of IT contribution with respect to complementary resources. This understanding may support IT executives in deriving adequate measurements and, thus, account for the differential effects of IT.Originality/valueCompared to the literature, the proposed model represents a more coherent and holistic perspective of ITBV. Thus, the model may constitute a foundation for future ITBV research and promote more detailed analytic perspectives of ITBV.
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Ribeiro, Vitor Miguel, Fernando Lobo Pereira, and Rui Gonçalves. "Explaining the definition of wholesale access prices in the Portuguese telecommunications industry." Journal of Dynamics & Games 9, no. 1 (2022): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/jdg.2021024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p style='text-indent:20px;'>The 2016–2018 triennium was a period marked by a fierce dispute between the European Commission and Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações, Portugal, on the need to regulate wholesale access prices. While the European Commission defended the imposition of Fiber-To-The-x regulation in non-competitive areas, the Portuguese sectoral regulator argued in favor of the persistence of Fiber-To-The-x deregulation. Following a Game Theory approach, the present study demonstrates that the transition from Fiber-To-The-x deregulation to Fiber-To-The-x regulation should only occur when a given territorial unit becomes a competitive area since the subgame perfect Nash equilibrium captures a regulatory framework optimally characterized by the imposition of active access price deregulation (regulation) in non-competitive (competitive) areas, that is, local administrative units characterized by a weak (strong) degree of vertical spillover, respectively. Meanwhile, ducts access regulation must be permanently imposed throughout the national territory, despite it can be relaxed in competitive areas if the regulator imposes intra-flexibility to establish a monopolistic bottleneck to ensure social welfare maximization. Previous conclusions require to introduce both facility-based and service-based competition at the entry stage as well as active and passive obligations at the regulation stage in a multi-stage game with complete information. The present analysis legitimizes the emergence of a new optimization theory in the telecommunications literature, whose modus operandi is contrary to (coincident with) the ladder of investment theory in non-competitive (competitive) areas, respectively. Differently from the view sustained by the ladder of investment theory, which defends that a short-term regulatory touch combined with long-term market deregulation is a socially optimal strategy, the new theory confirms that a regulatory intervention is socially desirable only in the long run. The conceptual refinement is meticulously explained and labeled as the <i>theory of creative creation</i> because, differently from the Schumpeterian gale of creative destruction, whose processes of industrial mutation are permanently market-driven by assumption, a period of regulatory holidays followed by successive regulatory interventions dependent on the degree of vertical spillover observed in the telecommunications industry can effectively promote investment realization that continuously revolutionizes the market structure from within, incessantly destroying the old technology. The theory of creative creation reflects the regulatory framework currently in force in the Portuguese Telecommunications Industry.</p>
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Lei, Yu, Maoguo Gong, Licheng Jiao, and Yi Zuo. "A memetic algorithm based on hyper-heuristics for examination timetabling problems." International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 8, no. 2 (June 8, 2015): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijicc-02-2015-0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – The examination timetabling problem is an NP-hard problem. A large number of approaches for this problem are developed to find more appropriate search strategies. Hyper-heuristic is a kind of representative methods. In hyper-heuristic, the high-level search is executed to construct heuristic lists by traditional methods (such as Tabu search, variable neighborhoods and so on). The purpose of this paper is to apply the evolutionary strategy instead of traditional methods for high-level search to improve the capability of global search. Design/methodology/approach – This paper combines hyper-heuristic with evolutionary strategy to solve examination timetabling problems. First, four graph coloring heuristics are employed to construct heuristic lists. Within the evolutionary algorithm framework, the iterative initialization is utilized to improve the number of feasible solutions in the population; meanwhile, the crossover and mutation operators are applied to find potential heuristic lists in the heuristic space (high-level search). At last, two local search methods are combined to optimize the feasible solutions in the solution space (low-level search). Findings – Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach obtains competitive results and outperforms the compared approaches on some benchmark instances. Originality/value – The contribution of this paper is the development of a framework which combines evolutionary algorithm and hyper-heuristic for examination timetabling problems.