Статті в журналах: "Colson (Firm)"

1

Maroni, Alessandra, Maria Dorly Del Curto, Lucia Zema, Anastasia Foppoli, and Andrea Gazzaniga. "Film coatings for oral colon delivery." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 457, no. 2 (December 2013): 372–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.05.043.

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2

Gumeniuk, K. V., I. P. Marcinkovsky, G. L. Bogush, and V. G. Verdesh. "RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF FIRE WOUNDS OF COLON." Kharkiv Surgical School, no. 5-6 (December 8, 2021): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37699/2308-7005.5-6.2021.11.

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The aim of the study. Evaluate the results of surgical treatment of wounded with gunshot wounds of the colon. Materials and methods of research. A retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 32 wounded with gunshot wounds of the colon, who were treated in the Central Medical Center and area of responsibility (II–IV level of medical care) from 2014 to 2017. Damage to the right half of the colon was observed in 12 wounded (37.4 %), the left half — in 17 (53.2 %), the rectum — in 3 (9.4 %). A differentiated approach to surgical treatment of colon injuries of different localization is applied. Results and discussion. The method of multi-stage surgical treatment “Damage Control Surgery” was used in 12.5 % of patients. The most common complications of the injury were adhesive intestinal obstruction in 6.3 % of cases, the formation of intestinal abscesses — in 6.3 %, the development of post-traumatic pneumonia in 25 % of patients. Conclusions. If the tactics of “Damage Control Surgery” are followed, it is possible to improve the results of surgical treatment of colon injuries in severe and extremely severe patients.

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3

Alfonsi, Laurence. "La réception du film Lucie Aubrac." Communication et langages 116, no. 1 (1998): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/colan.1998.2845.

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4

Kolonel, L. "Fat and colon cancer: how firm is the epidemiologic evidence?" American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 45, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/45.1.336.

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5

Li, Jie, Qiutian She, Wenxi Wang, Ru Liu, Ruiyun You, Yaling Wu, Jingzheng Weng, Yunzhen Liu, and Yudong Lu. "Label-Free SERS Analysis of Serum Using Ag NPs/Cellulose Nanocrystal/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Film Substrate in Screening Colon Cancer." Nanomaterials 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13020334.

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Label-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analysis shows tremendous potential for the early diagnosis and screening of colon cancer, owing to the advantage of being noninvasive and sensitive. As a clinical diagnostic tool, however, the reproducibility of analytical methods is a priority. Herein, we successfully fabricated Ag NPs/cellulose nanocrystals/graphene oxide (Ag NPs/CNC/GO) nanocomposite film as a uniform SERS active substrate for label-free SERS analysis of clinical serum. The Ag NPs/CNC/GO suspensions by self-assembling GO into CNC solution through in-situ reduction method. Furthermore, we spin-coated the prepared suspensions on the bacterial cellulose membrane (BCM) to form Ag NPs/CNC/GO nanocomposite film. The nanofilm showed excellent sensitivity (LOD = 30 nM) and uniformity (RSD = 14.2%) for Nile Blue A detection. With a proof-of-concept demonstration for the label-free analysis of serum, the nanofilm combined with the principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) model can be effectively employed for colon cancer screening. The results showed that our model had an overall prediction accuracy of 84.1% for colon cancer (n = 28) and the normal (n = 28), and the specificity and sensitivity were 89.3% and 71.4%, respectively. This study indicated that label-free serum SERS analysis based on Ag NPs/CNC/GO nanocomposite film combined with machine learning holds promise for the early diagnosis of colon cancer.

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6

Chen, Ling, Xiao Xi Li, Lin Li, and Bing Li. "Enzyme-Resistant Starch for Oral Colon-Targeting Drug Delivery System." Key Engineering Materials 288-289 (June 2005): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.288-289.129.

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Colon-targeting drug delivery systems (CDDSs) are employed to improve the bioavailability of protein and peptide drugs through the oral route. So it is important to prepare the drug carriers for oral CDDS. In this study, the Enzyme-Resistant starch (RS) was studied for use as a vehicle in oral colon-targeting drug delivery. The characteristics of RS powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction, polarizing microscopy, DSC and SEM, and their film were examined by enzymatic digestion test. The results showed that RS could be a promising film-former for pharmaceutical coatings, having good stability to enzymatic digestion. Furthermore, a novel peroral formulation using RS coating and bovine serum albumin as a model drug was studied for colon-specific drug delivery in vitro. Drug release studies have shown that RS coating could delivery the drug to the colon and the release rate in simulated colonic fluids was dependent on the biodegradation of RS and its coatings. It is indicated that the RS coated tablet is a potential system for oral CDDS.

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7

ESCANDE, Pauline. "Le film français à gros budget : une contradiction ?" Communication et langages 153, no. 1 (2007): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/colan.2007.4670.

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8

Gumenyuk, K. V., T. P. Yakymova, G. I. Gubina-Vakulyk, V. V. Nehoduiko, V. V. Makarov, and R. M. Mykhaylusov. "Histochemical assessment of colon damage degree in fire bullet injuries." Experimental and Clinical Medicine 91, no. 1 (March 3, 2022): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35339/ekm.2022.91.1.gyg.

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The article analyzes and evaluates the protein damage in the wall of the large intestine during its gunshot bullet injury at different times after the injury with the help of histochemical studies. The extent and depth of local proteolysis in the tissues of the colon wall near the site of resection after a gunshot wound was determined, and an assessment of the adequacy of retreat from the damaged tissues of the colon wall and the prognosis of successful healing of the suture on the colon wall was provided. It is shown that the Red/Blue indicator is integral for assessing the condition of the connective tissue of the injured large intestine. Comparative indicators of the volumes of carboxyl (RED) R/B groups and amino groups (BLUE) in the peripheral areas of the removed fragment of the large intestine depending on the result of intestinal suture are presented. It has been proven that in injured young people, violations of the structure, function and vital activity of the large intestine are less pronounced. The presence of an increase in the number of carboxyl groups in tissue proteins was determined, which is evidenced by the increase in red staining and the morphometrically determined increase in the value of the M. Calvo coefficient. When the state of proteins is normalized and the amino groups are activated, the blue color becomes dominant, and the R/B ratio decreases to 1.0 and below. That is, the Red/Blue indicator is integral to assessing the condition of the connective tissue of the injured intestine. Most likely, the initial state of metabolic disturbance plays an important role in healing, inflammation or suppuration. Conclusions were made about the expediency of conducting a histochemical analysis of the damaged colon for adequate therapy. Keywords: histochemical examination, gunshot wound, colon injury.

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9

Chime, Chukwunonso, Harish Patel, Kishore Kumar, Ahmed Elwan, Manoj Bhandari, and Ariyo Ihimoyan. "Colon Cancer with Streptococcus gallolyticus Aortic Valve Endocarditis: A Missing Link?" Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine 2019 (July 3, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4205603.

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Bacterial endocarditis is commonly encountered in clinical practice. Many bacterial species have been implicated; however, Streptococcus gallolyticus species (formerly “bovis”) has driven attention given a historical association with colon cancer. Colonoscopy is recommended in an individual with S. gallolyticus endocarditis or bacteremia to evaluate the possibility of high-grade adenoma or colon cancer. There has been no firm recommendation for prophylactic antibiotics to prevent bacterial endocarditis for patients undergoing endoscopic procedures and postcolonoscopy bacteremia in an individual with an endoscopic procedure indicated for S. gallolyticus bacteremia has not been reported. Studies have been aimed at understanding the association between colon cancer and this bacterial pathogen. There are suggestions that the systemic manifestation of S. gallolyticus, a commensal in the colon premalignant cells, may be further predisposed by patient’s immunocompromised status. We present a case of the 72-year-old man with the newly diagnosed multiple myeloma presented with aortic valve endocarditis and S. gallolyticus bacteremia. Colonoscopy revealed colon cancer and high-grade adenoma; few hours after procedure, he presented with Streptococcus mitis bacteremia. In conclusion, our case realigns association of S. gallolyticus to colon cancer, especially in an individual with altered immunity, and is novel to demonstrate the rare association of two distinct bacteria of Streptococcus species associated with cancer. Preendoscopic antibiotics use, though not standard of care, can be considered in the high-risk individual. Altered immunity can be considered the “missing link” inciting bacteremia in individuals with S. gallolyticus-associated colon cancer.

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10

Akhatov, A. R., M. R. Tozhiyev та R. Sh Shirinboyev. "YONGʻINNI VIDEOTASVIRDA RANGLI FILTRLASH BILAN INTENSIVLIK OʻZGARISHI ASOSIDA ANIQLASH". Journal of Science and Innovative Development 6, № 2 (14 квітня 2023): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36522/2181-9637-2023-2-2.

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The paper reviews achievements made in the field of video analytics and computer vision, which enable automatic detection of fires, based on video data. Various algorithms have been implemented in sought for effective fire detection methods using video. As one of these, a color-based fire detection algorithm is being described. However, using only one color model for fi re detection is an inefficient approach. The paper proposes a method for estimating temporal changes in pixel intensity, which is used to retrieve information about fires from fire-like objects in a video image. This method helps to calculate the average intensity value in a sequence of shots. A special software has been developed in the Python programming language using the OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision Library) library, and the corresponding findings have been gained in view to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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11

Malik, Mayank Kumar, Vipin Kumar, Vinoth Kumarasamy, Om Prakash Singh, Mukesh Kumar, Raghav Dixit, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, and Jaspal Singh. "Film Coating of Phosphorylated Mandua Starch on Matrix Tablets for pH-Sensitive Release of Mesalamine." Molecules 29, no. 13 (July 5, 2024): 3208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29133208.

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Chemically modified mandua starch was successfully synthesized and applied to coat mesalamine-loaded matrix tablets. The coating material was an aqueous dispersion of mandua starch modified by sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate. To investigate the colon-targeting release competence, chemically modified mandua starch film-coated mesalamine tablets were produced using the wet granulation method followed by dip coating. The effect of the coating on the colon-targeted release of the resultant delivery system was inspected in healthy human volunteers and rabbits using roentgenography. The results show that drug release was controlled when the coating level was 10% w/w. The release percentage in the upper gastric phase (pH 1.2, simulated gastric fluid) was less than 6% and reached up to 59.51% w/w after 14 h in simulated colonic fluid. In addition to in vivo roentgenographic studies in healthy rabbits, human volunteer studies proved the colon targeting efficiency of the formulation. These results clearly demonstrated that chemically modified mandua starch has high effectiveness as a novel aqueous coating material for controlled release or colon targeting.

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12

Tsutsumi, Shuntaro, and Kenji Suyama. "Design of FIR Filters with Discrete Coefficients using Ant Colony Optimization." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 132, no. 7 (2012): 1066–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.132.1066.

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13

Aslan, O., L. Cakir, IK Bekdik, Z. Dogan, and AS Tunc. "Cholangiocarcinoma of intrahepatic bile ducts with disseminated metastases in a Siamese cat: a case report." Veterinární Medicína 59, No. 7 (September 16, 2014): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7624-vetmed.

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This case report concerns a four-year-old female Siamese cat which presented with inappetence, vomiting and weight loss. During routine clinical examinations of the patient, numerous neoplastic masses were detected in the liver, lungs and abdomen. Upon a request from the owner, the cat was euthanised. At necropsy, the primary tumour was detected in the liver. The tumour was greyish-white, firm, and multi-nodular. There were metastases in the portal lymph nodes, diaphragm, omentum, colon, caecum and lungs. Histologically, the tumour was characterised by a tubular pattern with periodic acid-Schiff- positive secretory material in glandular and canal structures. The neoplastic cells were positive to broad-spectrum cytokeratin. Histochemical and immunohistochemical stains were consistent with an intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. This is the first case to report the metastasis of a cholangiocellular carcinoma to the colon in cats.

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14

Saha, Tapan Kumar, HA Nazmul Hakim, Sanjit Kumar Banik, Md Rajibul Haque, Tanvir Naz Chowdhury, and Md Tuhin Talukder. "Non Hodgkins Lymphoma In Herniated Sigmoid Colon Presenting as Irreducible Left Sided Inguinal Hernia A Case Report And Review of Literature." Journal of Dhaka Medical College 24, no. 1 (September 7, 2016): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v24i1.29568.

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Tumors presenting in the inguinal hernia sac are considered to be extremely rare, with the more common neoplasms metastazing from the gastro-intestinal tract, ovary and prostate. A case of non-Hodgkins lymphoma was identified in herniated sigmoid colonduring hernia repair while the hernia sac appeared unusual to the operating surgeon and the surgeon found sigmoid colon formed the posterior wall of hernia sac. This part of sigmoid colon could not be reduced and contained a firm growth, evaluation by the pathologists showed a malignant neoplasm, composed of anaplastic lymphocyte having excentical plasma nuclei and abundant cytoplasm. Histologic diagnosis is non-Hodgkins lymphoma. This is the first report of non-Hodgkins lymphoma found in herniated sigmoid colon. This case was reported in the Department of Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, and illustrates the value of routine microscopic evaluation of hernia sacs found from inguinal/femoral herniorraphies as it may be the primary presentation of an asymptomatic metastatic lymphoma. Additionally, it underscores the importance of surgeons role in screening by submitting only macroscopically abnormal specimans for microscopic evaluation.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 24, No.1, April, 2015, Page 73-75

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15

Gupta, Suresh K., and Romeo L. Caballes. "Adenocarcinoma of Colon in a Child." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 5, no. 6 (November 1986): 973–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1986.tb09223.x.

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SummaryThe diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the colon in juvenile subjects usually poses a difficult problem due to its clinical presentation, which usually mimics disorders that are commonly found in children. This article presents the case of a 13‐year‐old boy who was admitted 2 weeks earlier to another hospital, where his condition was not recognized. He presented with abdominal signs and symptoms suggestive of diseases such as gastroenteritis, appendicitis, and intussusception which are common in this age group. The x‐ray film showed dilated loops of small bowel and the proximal portion of colon, suggesting intestinal obstruction. At surgery, a 4 × 4 cm tumor in the transverse colon was resected. Microscopically, the lesion showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with foci of mucin production.

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16

Dodou, D., M. van den Berg, J. van Gennip, P. Breedveld, and P. A. Wieringa. "Mucoadhesive films inside the colonic tube: performance in a three-dimensional world." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 5, no. 28 (March 25, 2008): 1353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2008.0075.

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A self-propelling colonoscopic device moving inside the colonic tube should be able to periodically grip safely to the colonic wall as well as to manipulate the generated friction. The feasibility of achieving high grip and friction manipulation by covering the device with mucoadhesive films is experimentally tested. More precisely, the frictional behaviour of mucoadhesive films inside the colonic tube is tested in vitro in porcine colon. It appears that mucoadhesive films generate significantly higher friction than conventional materials (ANOVA p =0, 95% CIs=−3.04, −2.14). The geometry of the film plays a role as well. When holes are, for instance, present in the film geometry and are large enough so that the colonic tissue can wrap their borders, friction can be significantly increased (ANOVA p =0, 95% CIs=−2.53, −1.26). By altering the contact area or the film geometry, friction manipulation can be achieved. Moreover, a simple theoretical model is developed and experimentally verified ( R =0.92). The model can be used to estimate the level of the friction generated by three-dimensional configurations of mucoadhesive films as a function of their geometric characteristics and the material properties of the colon.

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17

Godge, Ganesh, and Shivanand Hiremath. "Colonic delivery of film coated meloxicam tablets using natural polysaccharide polymer mixture." International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 1, no. 9 (August 4, 2012): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9.11617.

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Now days natural polysaccharides are extensively used for the development of solid dosage forms for delivery of drug to the colon. The objective of the present study was to develop a site-specific drug, single unit formulation allowing targeted drug release in the colon. Solid unit dosage forms were prepared using polysaccharides or synthetic polymer included xanthan gum, pectin, chitosan and Eudragit-E. Meloxicam was used as a model drug. The prepared tablets were enteric coated with Eudragit-S 100 to give protection in the stomach. The coated tablets were tested in-vitro for their suitability as colon specific drug delivery systems. The dissolution data so obtained illustrates that enteric coated tablets containing 3% chitosan as a binder, showed only 12.5% drug release in the first 5 h, which is the usual upper gastrointestinal transit time, whereas, tablets prepared using xanthan gum as binder, were unable to protect drug release under similar conditions. Solid formulations containing pectin as a binder formed time-dependent release formulations. 28% drug release was observed in the usual upper gastrointestinal tract conditions, when used in a concentration of 5.92% in the tablets.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9.11617 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(9): 264-271

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18

Laila, K., T. K. Chowdhury, S. A. Talukder, and T. Banu. "Barium Enema in Hirschsprung’s Disease : Correlation of Clinical Outcome." Journal of Medical Science & Research 29, Number 2 (July 1, 2018): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47648/jmsr.2018.v2902.05.

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The anticipated level of aganglionosis can influence the surgical planning in Hirschsprung's disease (HD). The aim of this study was to find out the role of barium enema in diagnosis of HD. Barium enema is usually performed in patients referred for investigation for constipation. This prospective study was performed in the department of pediatric surgery Chittagong Medical College & Hospital. During this period a total of 198 patients were clinically diagnosed as HD. All patients were initially evaluated by plain x- ray abdomen in erect posture. Among 198 patients, 43 patients had perforation in plain x- ray and 31 were clinically unstable at presentation. Those 74 patients were excluded from the study. Rest 124 participating patients were divided into three groups: Neonate, Infant and children according to their age. Male to female ratio was 2.44: I. Barium enema X- ray early film, 24 hours delayed film (Antero-posterior and lateral view) were done for every patient. Length of radiological narrow zone (RNZ), radiological Transitional zone (RTZ) and Recto-sigmoid index (RSI) was measured in cm. Photo of X- ray was taken for every patient. RIZ was demonstrated in 74 (60%) patients. RNZ was demonstrated in 94 (75%) studied population. RSI was measured in 65 (52.42%) subjects. Retention of barium more than 24 hours was found in 95 (75%) patients. Redundant sigmoid colon was found in 54 (43.5%) patients. Right-sided sigmoid colon was present in 46(30.6%) patients. Saw-toothed appearance in spastic colon was seen in 38 (30.6%) patients. Mucosal edema and irregularities were present in 25 (20.2%) patients. Rounded transverse colon was seen in 6 children. Barium mixed with stool was found in 32 (25.8%) patients. Mosaic pattern of colon was present in 10 patients. Visualization of RTZ is a reliable sign ofH13. Besides the RIZ BE in HD has various other radiological features.

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19

Yarbrough, Tom B., Douglas L. Langer, Jack R. Snyder, Ian A. Gardner, and Tim R. O’Brien. "Abdominal radiography for diagnosis of enterolithiasis in horses: 141 cases (1990-1992)." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 205, no. 4 (August 15, 1994): 592–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1994.205.04.592.

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Summary Medical records of 245 horses that had been evaluated by use of abdominal radiography between January 1990 and December 1992 were reviewed. One hundred forty-one horses subsequently had a postmortem examination or surgical exploration performed for definitive lesion diagnosis. The signalment, diagnosis, site, and number of enteroliths were obtained from the medical records. Radiographs were evaluated individually by 3 reviewers for the presence of enteroliths, preferred diagnostic view, evidence of large colon tympany, and film quality. Of the 141 cases reviewed, 66.7% (94/141) had confirmed enterolithiasis. Enteroliths were identified in the right dorsal colon of 59 horses, in the transverse colon of 28, in the small colon of 24, and in the ventral colon of 1 (enteroliths were detected in multiple sites in 12 horses). For the 3 reviewers, mean sensitivity was 76.9% and specificity was 94.4%. Mean positive-predictive value was 96.4%, and negative-predictive value was 67.5%. Cases involving only large colon enteroliths were correctly diagnosed 83.2% of the time, compared with 41.6% of the time for cases involving small colon enteroliths. Enteroliths were evident in 54.8% of the horses with radiographic signs of large colon distention. Fifteen horses had enteroliths in the small colon, 4 in the transverse colon, and 4 in the dorsal colon. Radiographic quality was evaluated and scored as adequate (0), underexposed (−1), overexposed (1), or incomplete. Mean score was −0.5, and there were 21 (14.9%) incomplete studies. For the 75 cases correctly diagnosed via abdominal radiography, there were 14 (18.7%) incomplete studies and a mean score of −0.43. Of the 19 false-negative evaluations, there were 3 (15.8%) incomplete studies and a mean score of −0.69. The most common error leading to the missed diagnoses seemed to be inadequate penetration of the abdomen.

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20

Kumar, Ruchita, and Vivek Sinha. "Tailoring of drug delivery of 5-fluorouracil to the colon via a mixed film coated unit system." Acta Pharmaceutica 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10007-011-0023-5.

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Tailoring of drug delivery of 5-fluorouracil to the colon via a mixed film coated unit system The study was carried out to establish the effectiveness of a mixed film composed of ethylcellulose/Eudragit S100 for colonic delivery of 5-flourouracil (5-FU). Tablets cores containing 5-FU were prepared by direct compression method by coating at different levels (2-9 %, m/m) with a non-aqueous solution containing ethylcellulose/Eudragit S100. Coated tablets were studied for the in vitro release of 5-FU and the samples were analyzed spectrophotometrically at 266 nm. Drug release from coated systems depended on the thickness of the mixed film and the composition of the core. Channel formation was initiated in the coat by dissolution of the Eudragit S100 fraction at higher pH in the colonic region. The release was found to be higher in tablets containing Avicel as filler owing to its wicking action compared to that from lactose containing cores. Furthermore, batches containing superdisintegrant (1 %, m/m Cross-PVP) along with Avicel in the core released approximately 81.1 % drug during the colonic transit time. Kinetic studies indicated that all the formulations followed first-order release kinetics. The developed delivery system will expectedly deliver the drug to the colon.

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21

Zayoun, Bilal. "Queer and Adaptation Theory: Literature to Film in The Color Purple, The Hours, and Brokeback Mountain." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 5 (May 5, 2024): 550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24508214019.

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22

Santos, Maria J. H., and Steven Greer. "Adjuvant Psychological Therapy with a Terminally III Patient: A Case Report." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 19, no. 3 (July 1991): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0141347300013306.

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Adjuvant Psychological Therapy (APT), a cognitive behavioural treatment, has been developed to alleviate cancer-related anxiety and depression. It is being evaluated in a controlled study of patients with early cancer, but has not been used previously in patients with terminal cancer. This case report describes the use of APT in a severely anxious and depressed male patient with terminal carcinoma of the colon. His psychological progress until death is reported. Although no firm conclusions can be drawn from a single case, the results obtained were sufficiently encouraging to warrant a systematic study of APT in emotionally distressed patients with terminal illness.

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23

Karrout, Youness, Christel Neut, Daniel Wils, Florence Siepmann, Laetitia Deremaux, Pierre Desreumaux, and Juergen Siepmann. "Characterization of ethylcellulose: starch-based film coatings for colon targeting." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 35, no. 10 (May 8, 2009): 1190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03639040902858868.

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24

Nguyen, Minh N. U., Phuong H. L. Tran, and Thao T. D. Tran. "A single-layer film coating for colon-targeted oral delivery." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 559 (March 2019): 402–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.01.066.

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25

Chen, Jin, Xiaoxi Li, Ling Chen, and Fengwei Xie. "Starch film-coated microparticles for oral colon-specific drug delivery." Carbohydrate Polymers 191 (July 2018): 242–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.03.025.

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26

Ren, Yachao, Lei Jiang, Shuman Yang, Sainan Gao, Hui Yu, Jie Hu, Dandan Hu, Wenbin Mao, Haisheng Peng, and Yulong Zhou. "Design and preparation of a novel colon-targeted tablet of hydrocortisone." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 52, no. 2 (June 2016): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502016000200002.

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ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to design a new colon-targeted drug delivery system based on chitosan. The properties of the films were studied to obtain useful information about the possible applications of composite films. The composite films were used in a bilayer system to investigate their feasibility as coating materials. Tensile strength, swelling degree, solubility, biodegradation degree, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigations showed that the composite film was formed when chitosan and gelatin were jointly reacted jointly. The results showed that a 6:4 blend ratio was the optimal chitosan/gelatin blend ratio. In vitro drug release results indicated that the Eudragit- and chitosan/gelatin-bilayer coating system prevented drug release in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) and simulated gastric fluid (SGF). However, the drug release from a bilayer-coated tablet in SCF increased over time, and the drug was almost completely released after 24 h. Overall, colon-targeted drug delivery was achieved by using a chitosan/gelatin complex film and a multilayer coating system.

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27

Hoskins, Emily, Lauren W. Stranahan, Alice Blue-McLendon, and Raquel Rech. "Clostridial enterocolitis in an emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24070/bjvp.1983-0246.v15i1p69-72.

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Clinical History: A 25-year-old female emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) presented with a 1-week history of lethargy, hyporexia, and recumbency. The bird had lived its entire life at the Winnie Carter Wildlife Center in Texas and had an unremarkable medical history, apart from bilateral congenital blindness. Necropsy Findings: Within the coelomic cavity, the serosal surface of the intestines was coated with a moderate amount of tan to green, mucoid, opaque, foul-smelling fluid (fibrinoheterophilic coelomitis) (Fig. 1). The large intestine was diffusely dilated and filled with dark red fluid and strands of yellow, friable material (fibrin). The mucosa of the small intestine, and most severely the colon, was diffusely roughened, thickened, dull, and covered by a thick yellow to green, opaque, friable diphtheritic membrane (Fig. 2). The distal colon was diffusely, markedly distended and focally contained a 50x7x5 cm, semi-firm accumulation of feces coated by a 4-5 mm diameter layer of tan, friable material (fibrin) located 21 cm from the opening of the cloaca. Gross evaluation of the eyes revealed bilateral aphakia.

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Pesa, Nicholas L., and George S. Bause. "On Fire: Advertising the Burning Success of the Colton Dental Association." Journal of Anesthesia History 3, no. 1 (January 2017): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.janh.2016.06.003.

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29

Casasnovas, A. Bautista, R. Varela Cives, A. Villanueva Jeremias, M. Castro‐Gago, S. Cadranel, and R. Tojo Sierra. "Measurement of Colonic Transit Time in Children." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 13, no. 1 (July 1991): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1991.tb10288.x.

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SummaryTransit times through the whole colon and its segments were measured in 10 healthy children and 14 children suffering constipation secondary to myelomeningocele. The subjects ingested radio‐opaque markers on three successive days, and on the fourth a plain abdominal roentgenogram was taken using fast film. In the healthy children, total colonic transit time (mean ± SD) was 37.8 ± 6.2 h, with segmental times of 10.8 ± 3.5 h for the right colon, 12.2 ± 2.7 h for the left, and 14.7 ± 2.1 h for the rectosigmoid; upper normal limits of 17.8 h for the right colon, 17.6 h for the left, 19.1 h for the rectosigmoid, and 50.2 h for the total colonic transit time were established. In the constipated children, the total transit time was 59.9 ± 5.4 h, with segmental times of 15.9 ± 2.3 h for the right colon, 18.9 ± 2.3 h for the left, and 25.0 ± 2.6 h for the rectosigmoid. The technique described is simple, is easy to use in clinical practice, and involves a lower radiation dose than other methods. It may prove useful for measurement of colonic transit time in suitable patients.

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Mackenzie, Gerardo G., Shaheen Rasheed, William Wertheim та Basil Rigas. "NO-Donating NSAIDs, PPARδ, and Cancer: Does PPARδContribute to Colon Carcinogenesis?" PPAR Research 2008 (2008): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/919572.

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The chemopreventive NO-donating NSAIDs (NO-NSAIDs; NSAIDs with an NO-releasing moiety) modulate PPARδand offer the opportunity to revisit the controversial role of PPARδin carcinogenesis (several papers report that PPARδeither promotes or inhibits cancer). This review summarizes the pharmacology of NO-NSAIDs, PPARδcancer biology, and the relationship between the two. In particular, a study of the chemopreventive effect of two isomers of NO-aspirin on intestinal neoplasia inMinmice showed that, compared to wild-type controls, PPARδis overexpressed in the intestinal mucosa ofMinmice; PPARδresponds tom- andp-NO-ASA proportionally to their antitumor effect (p->m-). This effect is accompanied by the induction of epithelial cell death, which correlates with the antineoplastic effect of NO-aspirin; and NO-aspirin's effect on PPARδis specific (no changes in PPARαor PPARγ). Although these data support the notion that PPARδpromotes intestinal carcinogenesis and its inhibition could be therapeutically useful, more work is needed before a firm conclusion is reached.

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McCarty, Owen J. T., Shaker A. Mousa, Paul F. Bray, and Konstantinos Konstantopoulos. "Immobilized platelets support human colon carcinoma cell tethering, rolling, and firm adhesion under dynamic flow conditions." Blood 96, no. 5 (September 1, 2000): 1789–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.5.1789.

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Abstract Accumulating evidence suggests that successful metastatic spread may depend on the ability of tumor cells to undergo extensive interactions with platelets. However, the mechanisms mediating tumor cell adhesion to platelets under conditions of flow remain largely unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze the ability of 3 human colon carcinoma cell lines (LS174T, COLO205, and HCT-8) to bind to surface-anchored platelets under flow and to identify the receptors involved in these processes. Immobilized platelets support LS174T cell adhesion at wall shear stresses up to 1.4 dyn/cm2. Our data suggest that platelets primarily recruit LS174T cells through a 2-step, sequential process of adhesive interactions that shares common features but is distinct from that elaborated for neutrophils. Platelet P-selectin mediates LS174T cell tethering and rolling in a PSGL-1- and CD24-independent manner. Moreover, platelet αIIbβ3-integrins appear to be capable of directly capturing LS174T cells from the fluid stream, and also convert instantaneously transient tethers initiated by P-selectin into stable adhesion. This step is at least partially mediated by von Willebrand factor, but not fibrinogen or fibronectin, that bridges platelet αIIbβ3 with a yet unidentified receptor on the LS174T cell surface via an RGD-dependent mechanism. The sequential engagement of platelet P-selectin and αIIbβ3 is also requisite for the optimal adhesion of COLO205. Furthermore, HCT-8 cells, which fail to interact with P-selectin, tether minimally to surface-anchored platelets under flow, despite their extensive adhesive interactions under static conditions. This cascade of events depicts an efficacious process for colon carcinoma arrest at sites of vascular injury.

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McCarty, Owen J. T., Shaker A. Mousa, Paul F. Bray, and Konstantinos Konstantopoulos. "Immobilized platelets support human colon carcinoma cell tethering, rolling, and firm adhesion under dynamic flow conditions." Blood 96, no. 5 (September 1, 2000): 1789–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.5.1789.h8001789_1789_1797.

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Анотація:

Accumulating evidence suggests that successful metastatic spread may depend on the ability of tumor cells to undergo extensive interactions with platelets. However, the mechanisms mediating tumor cell adhesion to platelets under conditions of flow remain largely unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze the ability of 3 human colon carcinoma cell lines (LS174T, COLO205, and HCT-8) to bind to surface-anchored platelets under flow and to identify the receptors involved in these processes. Immobilized platelets support LS174T cell adhesion at wall shear stresses up to 1.4 dyn/cm2. Our data suggest that platelets primarily recruit LS174T cells through a 2-step, sequential process of adhesive interactions that shares common features but is distinct from that elaborated for neutrophils. Platelet P-selectin mediates LS174T cell tethering and rolling in a PSGL-1- and CD24-independent manner. Moreover, platelet αIIbβ3-integrins appear to be capable of directly capturing LS174T cells from the fluid stream, and also convert instantaneously transient tethers initiated by P-selectin into stable adhesion. This step is at least partially mediated by von Willebrand factor, but not fibrinogen or fibronectin, that bridges platelet αIIbβ3 with a yet unidentified receptor on the LS174T cell surface via an RGD-dependent mechanism. The sequential engagement of platelet P-selectin and αIIbβ3 is also requisite for the optimal adhesion of COLO205. Furthermore, HCT-8 cells, which fail to interact with P-selectin, tether minimally to surface-anchored platelets under flow, despite their extensive adhesive interactions under static conditions. This cascade of events depicts an efficacious process for colon carcinoma arrest at sites of vascular injury.

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Kashtalyan, M. A., Ye A. Kvasnevsky, O. A. Kvasnevsky, A. O. Kolotvin, L. I. Kolotvina, and V. Yu Ilyina-Stognienko. "APPLICATION OF “DAMAGE CONTROL SURGERY” FOR FIRE INJURIES OF THE INTESTINE." Odes’kij medičnij žurnal (The Odessa Medical Journal), no. 6 (2022): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54229/2226-2008-2021-6-7.

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Introduction. The current situation with the armed conflict in the east of the country is characterized by the presence of a significant number of patients with gunshot wounds in general. In the proposed article, the authors summarize the materials presented in the world literature and their own experience in the treatment of wounded servicemen with combat wounds to the abdomen, accompanied by injuries of the small and large intestine, often with traumatic shock, significant blood loss and high mortality. Taking advantage of the opportunities to apply the field or military experience of NATO medical services, we drew attention to the tactics of “Damage control surgery” (DCS), the use of which can significantly improve the effectiveness of treatment and provision of phased medical care in armed conflicts. Material and methods. DCS management were introduced in NATO military field surgery. Its essence is that in severe abdominal injuries, accompanied by traumatic shock III–IV degree, surgery is not performed simultaneously in full, but is divided into several stages. The first stage consists of a minimal amount of surgical interventions aimed at stopping intra-abdominal bleeding and preventing contamination of the abdominal cavity with intestinal contents. To do this, the damaged area of the colon or small intestine is either stitched with a stapler, or tied with a thick ligature, or sutured with one of the types of sutures, but the primary anastomoses are not formed. The internal organs are covered with sterile polyethylene, and the abdominal wall is temporarily closed in one way. The results of the analysis of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of wounded servicemen with gunshot wounds to the abdomen and intestines indicate the effectiveness of staged surgical tactics within the applied DCS tactics. Note that the proven effectiveness and positive results of treatment of the above significant contingent of patients is largely due to the development and use of the original clip, the use of which is convenient, fast, prevents contamination of the peritoneum during the intraoperative period and thus causes the corresponding positive effects of surgical treatment of gunshot wounds or small intestine by the tactics of “Damage control surgery” during the immediate postoperative period. Conclusion. The use of “Damage control surgery” tactics in wounded servicemen with gunshot wounds to the colon or small intestine avoids unwarranted surgical interventions and reduces the time spent on the operation itself and the postoperative period, which in this case runs faster and with fewer complications. The use of the original intestinal clip is effective in performing surgical interventions on wounded servicemen with gunshot wounds of the colon or small intestine according to the tactics of “Damage control surgery”. Key words: combat trauma, Damage control surgery, colon or small bowel injury.

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Yu, Qianqian, Hong Qiu, Mingsheng Zhang, and Xianglin Yuan. "Relationship between primary tumor location and prognosis in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with irinotecan/5-FU/leucovorin (FOLFIRI)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2017): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.4_suppl.557.

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557 Background: Clinical trials including CALGB/SWOG 80405 and FIRE-3 reveal differences in overall survival (OS) for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients treated with targeted therapy based on primary tumor location. We assessed the impact of tumor location on prognosis in a prospective series of patients with mCRC received FOLFIRI in first-line therapy. Methods: Patients treated with FOLFIRI were consecutively recruited between November 2010 and December 2014. Follow-up information was updated in February 2016 when 77.3% of the patients were deceased. We defined the right-sided colon = cecum to transverse colon, left-sided colon = splenic flexure to sigmoid descending colon, rectum = rectosigmoid plus rectal cancer, respectively. We measured median survival using Kaplan-Meier plots and 2-year survival probability using life tables. Associations between tumor locations and treatment outcomes were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model. Age and gender were included in adjusted Cox models to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for death of rectal and left-sided tumors relative to right-sided tumors. Results: Right-sided cancer had a shorter median survival (13.5 vs. 20.4 months) and worse 2-year survival probability (28% vs. 39%) than left-sided and rectal cancers, however the difference was of no statistical significance no matter in unadjusted (HR = 1.002, 95% CI 0.635-1.581) or adjusted models (HR = 1.037, 95% CI 0.657-1.639). Conclusions: mCRC patients with right-sided colon got comparative survival benefit from FOLFIRI in first-line treatment to the left-sided colon and rectum. This result needs to be validated in studies with larger sample size. Clinical trial information: NCT01282658.

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Lemke, Stefan, and Mont Kumpugdee-Vollrath. "Controlled Release of Tablets Containing Poorly Water Soluble Model Drug Coated with Kollicoat MAE 30DP." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 2186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.2186.

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In this project we have prepared the tablets with a coating of pH-sensitive polymer Kollicoat MAE 30DP. For this purpose the core tablets prepared from poorly water soluble model drug and other excipients were coated by a fluidized bed apparatus at the exhaust air temperature of 30°C and spraying rate of 0.55 g/min. The highest coating time was 384 min which leads to the film thickness of 648 µm. The coated tablets were gastric resistant for one hour and resistant against intestinal fluid pH 6.8 up to 70 min. The coating film has a good quality with smoothness and dense packing. However, if the thickness was high e.g. 600 µm the film surface had more wavy structure. The results served to formulate the colon delivery system.

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36

Cano-Vicent, Alba, Alberto Tuñón-Molina, Hamid Bakshi, Iman M. Alfagih, Murtaza M. Tambuwala, and Ángel Serrano-Aroca. "Biocompatible Alginate Hydrogel Film Containing Acetic Acid Manifests Broad-Spectrum Antiviral and Anticancer Activities." Biomedicines 11, no. 9 (September 16, 2023): 2549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11092549.

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Acetic acid, a colourless liquid organic acid with a characteristic acrid smell, is obtained naturally and has applications in both the food and pharmaceutical industries. It has been reported to have beneficial uses for lifestyle-related diseases, and its efficient disinfectant properties are well known. In this study, an alginate crosslinked with Ca2+ hydrogel film was treated with acetic acid to explore its biological properties for biomedicine. The results showed that the novel calcium alginate/acetic acid film was biocompatible in vitro using human keratinocyte cells and in vivo with Caenorhabditis elegans. It also had antiviral properties against enveloped and non-enveloped viruses and anticancer properties against melanoma and colon cancer cells. This novel film thus showed promise for the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries, with applications for fabricating broad-spectrum antiviral and anticancer materials.

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Pereira, Raquel M. d. F., Jeann L. de Araújo, Márcio A. Silva, Givaldo B. d. S. Filho, Hisadora A. d. S. C. Bom, Lorena D. A. Aires, Francisco d. A. L. Souza, and Fábio d. S. Mendonça. "Colonic papillary adenocarcinoma in a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous): Anatomopathological and immunohistochemical features." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24070/bjvp.1983-0246.v15i1p38-43.

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A captive 17-year-old male crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) presenting clinical signs of hyporexia and constipation for two weeks was found dead. On autopsy, a large and firm mass expanding the large intestine wall and totally obstructing the colon lumen was identified. Histopathology revealed a non-encapsulated poorly demarcated adenocarcinoma composed of cuboidal to pseudostratified columnar epithelium forming papillary projections of variable sizes. The cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells was immunopositive for CK7 and PAN-CK, but negative for VIM and CK20. Immunohistochemistry revealed an immunophenotype different from the enteric adenocarcinomas reported in humans and domestic dogs. This is the first case report of colonic papillary adenocarcinoma in a crab-eating fox.

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38

Yan, Jianhui, Hao Chen, Li Zhang, and Jinzhi Jiang. "Inactivation ofEscherichia colion Immobilized CuO/CoFe2O4-TiO2Thin-Film under Simulated Sunlight Irradiation." Chinese Journal of Chemistry 29, no. 6 (June 2011): 1133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.201190212.

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39

Thakkar, Yash, Arun Fernandes, Saurabh Mohite, and Deepak Phalgune. "Spontaneous combustile pneumoperitoneum." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 6 (May 28, 2019): 2216. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20192398.

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Fire and explosions in the operation theatre during surgery in the era of cautery usage have been reported since many years. Significant complications or death can ensue as a result of such fires or explosions and surgeons should be aware of these hazards. A 38 year old female patient on the 6th day of admission, developed abdominal distension. Patient was managed conservatively with flatus tube insertion and serial x-ray monitoring. On the 8th day, repeat x-ray showed gas under diaphragm. Emergency laparotomy was undertaken. On opening the peritoneum using cautery, a hissing escape of gas was heard and this caught fire. On attempting to stem gas flow from the peritoneal hole, the operating surgeon sustained burn to his index finger and the glove melted. The peritoneal cavity was surprisingly free of any spilled contents. Small bowel was opened through a small enterotomy and decompressed. The colon steadfastly refused to collapse. This necessitated a transverse colotomy which, after decompression, was converted into a loop transverse colostomy. She underwent colonoscopy after three weeks wherein the colon was found to be free of any obstruction. The colostomy was closed. If there is free gas on entering a peritoneum, it will be wiser to avoid electro surgery. Instead, scissors or a scalpel should be used.

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40

Nath, Bipul, and Lila Kanta Nath. "Design, Development, and Optimization of Sterculia Gum-Based Tablet Coated with Chitosan/Eudragit RLPO Mixed Blend Polymers for Possible Colonic Drug Delivery." Journal of Pharmaceutics 2013 (November 25, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/546324.

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The purpose of this study is to explore the possible applicability of Sterculia urens gum as a novel carrier for colonic delivery system of a sparingly soluble drug, azathioprine. The study involves designing a microflora triggered colon-targeted drug delivery system (MCDDS) which consists of a central polysaccharide core and is coated to different film thicknesses with blends of chitosan/Eudragit RLPO, and is overcoated with Eudragit L00 to provide acid and intestinal resistance. The microflora degradation property of gum was investigated in rat caecal medium. Drug release study in simulated colonic fluid revealed that swelling force of the gum could concurrently drive the drug out of the polysaccharide core due to the rupture of the chitosan/Eudargit coating in microflora-activated environment. Chitosan in the mixed film coat was found to be degraded by enzymatic action of the microflora in the colon. Release kinetic data revealed that the optimized MCDDS was fitted well into first-order model, and apparent lag time was found to be 6 hours, followed by Higuchi release kinetics. In vivo study in rabbits shows delayed , prolonged absorption time, decreased , and absorption rate constant (Ka), indicating a reduced systemic toxicity of the drug as compared to other dosage forms.

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Moutaharrik, Saliha, Luca Palugan, Matteo Cerea, Gabriele Meroni, Eleonora Casagni, Gabriella Roda, Piera Anna Martino, Andrea Gazzaniga, Alessandra Maroni, and Anastasia Foppoli. "Colon Drug Delivery Systems Based on Swellable and Microbially Degradable High-Methoxyl Pectin: Coating Process and In Vitro Performance." Pharmaceutics 16, no. 4 (April 7, 2024): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16040508.

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Oral colon delivery systems based on a dual targeting strategy, harnessing time- and microbiota-dependent release mechanisms, were designed in the form of a drug-containing core, a swellable/biodegradable polysaccharide inner layer and a gastroresistant outer film. High-methoxyl pectin was employed as the functional coating polymer and was applied by spray-coating or powder-layering. Stratification of pectin powder required the use of low-viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in water solution as the binder. These coatings exhibited rough surfaces and higher thicknesses than the spray-coated ones. Using a finer powder fraction improved the process outcome, coating quality and inherent barrier properties in aqueous fluids. Pulsatile release profiles and reproducible lag phases of the pursued duration were obtained from systems manufactured by both techniques. This performance was confirmed by double-coated systems, provided with a Kollicoat® MAE outer film that yielded resistance in the acidic stage of the test. Moreover, HM pectin-based coatings manufactured by powder-layering, tested in the presence of bacteria from a Crohn’s disease patient, showed earlier release, supporting the role of microbial degradation as a triggering mechanism at the target site. The overall results highlighted viable coating options and in vitro release characteristics, sparking new interest in naturally occurring pectin as a coating agent for oral colon delivery.

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Brozek-Pluska, Beata, Arkadiusz Jarota, Rafal Kania, and Halina Abramczyk. "Zinc Phthalocyanine Photochemistry by Raman Imaging, Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Femtosecond Spectroscopy in Normal and Cancerous Human Colon Tissues and Single Cells." Molecules 25, no. 11 (June 10, 2020): 2688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25112688.

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Photodynamic therapy is a clinically approved alternative method for cancer treatment in which a combination of nontoxic drugs known as photosensitizers and oxygen is used. Despite intensive investigations and encouraging results, zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) have not yet been approved as photosensitizers for clinical use. Label-free Raman imaging of nonfixed and unstained normal and cancerous colon human tissues and normal human CCD18-Co and cancerous CaCo-2 cell lines, without and after adding ZnPcS4 photosensitizer, was analyzed. The biochemical composition of normal and cancerous colon tissues and colon cells without and after adding ZnPcS4 at the subcellular level was determined. Analyzing the fluorescence/Raman signals of ZnPcS4, we found that in normal human colon tissue samples, in contrast to cancerous ones, there is a lower affinity to ZnPcS4 phthalocyanine. Moreover, a higher concentration in cancerous tissue was concomitant with a blue shift of the maximum peak position specific for the photosensitizer from 691–695 nm to 689 nm. Simultaneously for both types of samples, the signal was observed in the monomer region, confirming the excellent properties of ZnPcS4 for photo therapy (PDT). For colon cell experiments with a lower concentration of ZnPcS4 photosensitizer, c = 1 × 10−6 M, the phthalocyanine was localized in mitochondria/lipid structures; for a higher concentration, c = 9 × 10−6 M, localization inside the nucleus was predominant. Based on time-resolved experiments, we found that ZnPcS4 in the presence of biological interfaces features longer excited-state lifetime photosensitizers compared to the aqueous solution and bare ZnPcS4 film on CaF2 substrate, which is beneficial for application in PDT.

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Grechanyk, O. I., O. S. Gerasimenko, R. Ya Abdullayev, I. A. Lurin, K. V. Humeniuk, V. V. Negoduyko, D. O. Slesarenko, N. B. Alekseeva, and M. S. Sudmak. "CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF FIRE I NFLAMMATION INJURIES OF HOLLOW ABDOMINAL ORGANS (ATO / OOS EXPERIENCE)." Kharkiv Surgical School, no. 1 (February 20, 2022): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37699/2308-7005.1.2022.13.

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Among the features of radiological diagnosis for the wounded with injuries of the gastrointestinal tract, we can point to a set of radiological methods of research, among which the leading place is occupied by X-ray contrast studies of the abdomen — vulnerography, fistulography, enterography, irigoscopy. The most important task of special methods of X-ray examination of gastrointestinal injuries, accompanied by the introduction of X-ray contrast agents, is the control of the postoperative period, radiological support during surgery and diagnosis of failure of sutures, anastomoses, intraperitoneal walls fistula, phlegmon of retroperitoneal tissue. Materials and methods. The results of retrospective analysis of radiological diagnostics of 76 (7.5 ± 1.6) % of wounded in the abdomen, waist, retroperitoneal space from the total mass of subjects (n = 1013 people), due to the mechanical and multifactorial nature of the lesion. Of these, 42 subjects with a predominant abdominal component of gastric injury injuries were in 6 cases out of 42 (14.3 %), 3 (7.1 %) cases of esophageal and duodenal injuries, small bowel injuries were observed in 12 cases (28, 6 %), colon damage in 14 cases (33.4 %) and rectal damage in 4 cases (9.5 %). All X-ray contrast studies of different parts of the digestive tract were performed with one-time double contrast and other methods in the X-ray diagnostic department of the clinic (radiation diagnostics and therapy) of the National Military Medical Clinical Center «GVKG» on modern X-ray machine expert class OPERA SWING. Discussion of results. There are no fundamental differences in the tactics of radiation control of injuries (TCU) of the gastrointestinal tract in abdominal injuries. However, in the preoperative period of urgent radiological diagnosis of damage to the esophagus, stomach, small, colon, and other parts of the colon, preference is given to non-contrast radiological examination of the abdomen (review radiography in direct projection standing / lying, lateroposition and lateral projection). In the future, the postoperative period of the wounded is accompanied by the widespread use of X-ray contrast studies of internal organs with gastrointestinal damage for radiation support during surgery and diagnosis of complications in the early and late postoperative periods. Conclusions. Given the multiple and combined nature of gunshot and non-gunshot injuries to the abdomen, lower back, retroperitoneal space in the wounded with injuries of the esophagus, stomach, small, colon and other parts of the colon, immediate radiological diagnosis should be provided to all wounded. preoperative period to address the clinical and diagnostic problem of emergencies. Since the natural X-ray contrast of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space is very low, and damaged hollow organs increase pneumatization of the gastrointestinal tract, the use of artificial contrast (barium mixture, iodine-containing water-soluble X-ray contrast agents) significantly increases the diagnostic value. The use of special methods of X-ray examination with artificial contrast in the postoperative period is determined by the condition of the wounded and the specific clinical situation.

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Bolzam-Nascimento, Ricardo, Cláudio Saddy Rodrigues Coy, Yara Ematné Amaral Pereira, Raquel Franco Leal, Rosana Celestina Morandin Reis, Mário Mantovani, Maria de Lourdes Setsuko Ayrizono, Wu Feng Chung, and João José Fagundes. "Influence of omentoplasty on colonic anastomosis in animals submitted to hemorrhagic shock in rats." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 24, no. 3 (June 2009): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502009000300013.

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PURPOSE: To analyze influence of omentoplasty on anastomosis in descending colon of rats. Rats were submitted to the hypovolemic shock of the hemorrhagic type by the Biomechanical Test of Pressure of Rupture by Liquid Distension (BTPRLD). In addition, establish a type of acute anemia in rats that are provided to the study. METHODS: Comparative study between two groups of animals with ten rats in each one, all submitted to hemorrhagic shock for 30% volemic removal by the carotid artery. An anastomosis was performed in left colon. An anastomosis was performed in the left colon. Group 1 took place anastomosis with Polyvinyl Chloride (P.V.C) film to prevent the adhesions formation on sature line. Group 2 placed the great omentum around the anastomosis. Euthanasia occurred on the fifth day, when the anastomoses were submitted to the biomechanical test of pressure of rupture by liquid distension (BTPRLD). RESULTS: High rupture pressure was gained with omentoplasty group in relation to the group in which anastomosis was protected from adhesions formation. A statistical significance was noted. CONCLUSION: Protection by great omentum has increased the anastomosis resistance of the shocked animals. Also, the proposed hemorrhagic shock type has proven to be useful for this study.

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Dima, Augustin, Teodor Artenie, Daniel Florea, Florina Bold, and Paul Oprea. "Fever and abdominal tumoral masses." Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 119, no. 1 (January 21, 2016): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2016.119.1.10.

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49 year-old man presented to our clinic for pain in the right hypochondrium, diarrhea, and fever. The clinical examination highlights a tumoral formation in the right side of the abdomen, with firm consistency, poorly defined margins, and present mobility in the deep structures. On biological exams, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, inflammatory syndrome, and hypoalbuminaemia were identified. The first computed tomography exam described parietal thickening of the ascending colon, with infiltrative aspect, and multiple local adenopathies, lomboaortic and interaortocave. Moreover, four nodular liver tumors, with hypodense image in native examination, were identified. The lab tests for infectious diseases were all inconclusives: three hemocultures, three stool samples, and three coproparasitological exams were all negatives. Interdisciplinary examinations, internal medicine and infectious diseases, sustained the diagnosis of colonic neoplasm with peritumoral abscess and liver pseudo-tumoral masses. The colonoscopy did not revealed any bowel lesions relevant for neoplasia. This result as well as the bio-clinical context imposed abstention from surgical intervention. Wide spectrum antibiotics and symptomatic treatment were initiated. But, ten days after hospitalization, the second computed tomography exam showed reduction of the ascending colon wall thickness associated with significant increases of the liver tumors is so revealed. The investigations for other possible etiologies were so continued.

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46

Macleod, Graeme S., John T. Fell, John H. Collett, Harbans L. Sharma, and Anne-Marie Smith. "Selective drug delivery to the colon using pectin:chitosan:hydroxypropyl methylcellulose film coated tablets." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 187, no. 2 (October 1999): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(99)00196-9.

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47

Karrout, Youness, Christel Neut, Daniel Wils, Florence Siepmann, Laëtitia Deremaux, Marie-Pierre Flament, Luc Dubreuil, Pierre Desreumaux, and Juergen Siepmann. "Novel polymeric film coatings for colon targeting: Drug release from coated pellets." European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 37, no. 3-4 (June 2009): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2009.03.014.

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48

Negahi, Ali Reza, Parisa Hosseinpour, Mohammad Vaziri, Hamed Vaseghi, Pedram Darvish, Behnaz Bouzari, and Seyed Hamzeh Mousavie. "Comparison of Honey versus Polylactide Anti-Adhesion Barrier on Peritoneal Adhesion and Healing of Colon Anastomosis in Rabbits." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 10 (May 25, 2019): 1597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.284.

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BACKGROUND: Postoperative adhesion is still a consequence of intra-abdominal surgeries, which results in bowel obstruction and abdominopelvic pain. Bowel anastomosis as a common abdominal surgery has the incidence of leakage in up to 30% of patients that increase morbidity and mortality. Due to similar pathways of adhesion formation and wound healing, it is important to find a way to reduce adhesions and anastomosis leakage. AIM: This study was designed to compare antiadhesive as well as anastomosis healing improvement effect of honey and polylactide anti-adhesive barrier film. METHODS: Forty-five rabbits divided into three groups of honey, adhesion barrier film, and control group in an animal study. Under a similar condition, rabbits underwent resection and anastomosis of cecum under general anaesthesia. In the first group, honey was used at the anastomosis site, in the second one polylactide adhesion barrier film utilised, and the third one was the control group. Adhesion, as well as anastomosis leakage, was assessed after 21 days. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) for Windows version 25. RESULTS: Three groups of 15 rabbits were studied. The results showed that mean peritoneal adhesion score (PAS) was lower in the honey group (1.67) in comparison to the adhesion barrier film group (3.40) and the control group (6.33). CONCLUSION: Bio-absorbable polylactide barrier has an anti-adhesion effect but is not suitable for intestinal anastomosis in rabbits. Further studies needed to evaluate these effects on human beings.

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49

Helmis, Mario, and Mont Kumpugdee-Vollrath. "Polymer Mixtures as Colon Targeted Drug Delivery Systems." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 2131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2131.

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For the development of colon delivery systems (CDS) formulations have to be gastric resistant. The advantage of the CDS is the ability for a local treatment for colon diseases but also its systemic action. CDS can also increase the bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs e.g. resveratrol, which can be degraded in the upper gastrointestinal tract or by the First-Pass-Effect. In this project the coating technique with different polymer mixtures containing Kollicoat MAE-30DP, Eudragit-NM, Eudragit-L, and Eudragit-NE was investigated. Resveratrol was used as a model drug and all formulations were coated with a polymer mixture in a small scale fluidized bed apparatus. Morphology, roughness and film thickness of the coated tablets were determined by a scanning electron microscope and a 3D light microscope. Drug amount was determined by UV-spectrometry. Release studies were performed in a dissolution apparatus type II. Kinetic profiles of drug release were demonstrated. Results exhibit the advantages of polymer mixtures for CDS in comparison with results of pure Kollicoat MAE-30DP which were published in one of our latest publications.

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50

Shaikh, M. S. "Double Coated Tablets of Nimesulide for Colon Targeting." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 3, no. 2 (August 31, 2010): 1000–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2010.3.2.14.

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The present study was aimed at developing oral colon targeted drug delivery system for Nimesulide utilizing recently designed and patented system called CODESTM, which consisted of a lactulose containing core overcoated with both Eudragit E and Eudragit L designed to rapidly disintegrate in the colon, in order to give a new life for an existing banned drug. CODESTM tablets were prepared by tabletting Nimesulide and lactulose, followed with film coating of Eudragit. The prepared tablets were evaluated on the basis of in vitro dissolution study and in vivo disintegration study was performed by gamma scintigraphic evaluation in rats. The onset of Nimesulide release was found to dependent on the coating level of Eudragit E, and at Eudragit E coating level of 8% (coating weight gain), the onset of in vitro drug release was found to be optimum. When the same was subjected on scintigraphic evaluation for in vivo disintegration study, there was a reasonable agreement between the in vitro/in vivo data. It is concluded that Nimesulide can be targeted to hindgut by a novel approach of CODESTM.

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