Дисертації з теми "Colonialisme français"
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Scheele, Isabell. "Togo allemand - Dahomey français : relations transcoloniales à l'apogée de l'impérialisme européen." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0319.
Повний текст джерелаThe PhD dissertation analyses the relations between German Togo and French Dahomey during the German colonial period (1884-1914). It defends the thesis according to which French-German relations in the Golf of Benin were characterized by an imbalance. The French colony was enlarged and developed faster, due to higher financial and political support. The German policy was aimed at limiting colonisation to the protection of the German trade establishments that were already implanted overseas. Set up as a model colony, Togo was supposed to sustain itself by its own means, without major financial support. The faint endorsement led some German officials to develop feelings of frustration and bitterness toward the government. The French-German relations in West Africa were characterised by general cordiality, a repeated cooperation and a high-valued solidarity between white men. Nevertheless, the colonial officials on the spot perceived each other as rivals. In Berlin and Paris, preventing a French-German conflict in Africa was, at least before the Moroccan crisis (1905 and 1911) seen as priority, which put a brake on local rivalries. The local rulers tried to take advantage of European rivalries. Their attempts in doing so were rarely successful; nevertheless, it allowed them to maintain a certain agency in the process of border demarcation. In Togo, the perception of the German past is nowadays rather positive, and the transport and telecommunication infrastructure largely contribute to this valorization. The present investigation however reveals that the development of infrastructures was much slower in Togo than in neighbouring French Dahomey
Montalbano, Gabriele. "Les Italiens de Tunisie : la construction de l’italianité dans un contexte colonial français (1896-1918)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP056.
Повний текст джерелаThe Tunisian colonial society was characterised by a strong presence of Italian nationals who for a long time were the largest group of foreigners in the Protectorate, outnumbering, at least until the thirties of the 20th century, the French population. Even though the period between the end of the 19th century and the First World War has been understudied in the research on the Italians of Tunisia, in those years there was a strong immigration in the Regency and, at the same time, a reconfiguration of Italian colonial ambitions in Africa. The first part of the thesis explains the diachronic pathways of Mediterranean mobility which allowed the settling in the Beylicat of groups recognised as Italian nationals, after the political unification of Italy. In 1896, Conventions regulate the Franco-Italian diplomatic tension that had begun after the French occupation of Tunisia. This diplomatic agreement guarantees to Italian nationals the maintenance of national citizenship for children born in Tunisia, as well as the preservation of the associative and school network previously established. The second part analyses the structure and the social dynamics of associations and schools, which aim to build a sense of national belonging. The purpose of this associative network, managed by the upper-class and supported by the consular institutions, is to make the group of Italian citizens of Tunisia an Italian community within the Tunisian colonial society. Finally, the third part examines how the Tunisian production of extraterritorial Italianness overlaps both with Italian colonial ambitions and with processes of racialisation within the community. The Italo-Turkish war and the First World War are analysed as a vector of the nation-building in this community. The support of the Italians of Tunisia for the conquest and colonisation of Libya, and their military, social and economic engagement in the Great War, show us the project of a particular form of colonial Italianness formed within the French Protectorate of Tunisia
Leslie, Paul. "Juifs d'Algérie, juifs de Tunisie : leurs parcours historiques comme citoyens et comme protégés français jusqu'au début de la fin du colonialisme." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040020.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis hinges on a comparative analysis which aims at explaining the divergences between the socio-political development of the Algerian jews, French citizens since the collective naturalization decreed in 1870, and that of their Tunisian coreligionists, whose legal status remained essentially unchanged. The ways in wich the Algerian variant of political antisemitism developed towards the end of the nineteenth century are studied in depth, the successes of the Algerian anti-jews being contrasted with the inability of their Tunisian imitators to make headway. By analysing certain aspects of the impact of the Great War upon the different elements of the Tunisian population the last part of the thesis makes possible an improved understanding of the violent anti-jewish disorders of august 1917 and november 1918
Goheneix-Minisini, Alice. "Le français colonial : politiques et pratiques de la langue nationale dans l’Empire (1880-1962)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0052.
Повний текст джерелаPublications dealing with « Francophonie » both emphasize the role of African independence leaders and underplay its colonial origins. We produce a more balanced history, highlighting the ambigous role assigned to language in the natives’ acculturation process based on two streams of sources. The rationale developed by the fathers of the French colonial idea, the founders of the Alliance Française and by Onésime Reclus, who coined the term “Francophonie” in 1880 is one major set. The other includes legislative documents and school curricula dealing with lingustic matters in the colonies. The ambiguity stems from a simultaneous desire to create resemblance (so as to assert imperial power and stimulate trade with the colonies) and to maintain, through differential mastery of the language, a distance between colonial agents and natives. French inculturation was thus designed to avoid, on the one hand, that too many natives be left out at the risk of becoming hostile to colonization and, on the other hand, to keep natives out of the community of French citizens. In the final analysis, the « francophone project » that emerged during the independence movements led by a minority of highly educated “french-speaking” natives remains ambiguous. French nationalism provides a successful account of the project’s civilizing mission, which allowed colonized populations to conceptualize their emancipation while simultaneously allowing to keep them within a French cultural sphere of influence. Conversly, it is also possible to analyze the project as a legacy of the “Negritude” movement and the uprooting of the language from its national origins
ANDRADE, Catarina Amorim de Oliveira. "Corpos e paisagens: construção de memória e identidade em imagens e narrativas do cinema de Claire Denis e Abdellatif Kechiche." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18583.
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Este trabalho apresenta uma reflexão a propósito da presença e das diferentes formas de representação de grupos marginalizados, social e culturalmente, no cinema francês contemporâneo, tendo como corpus específico os filmes dos cineastas Claire Denis e Abdellatif Kechiche, e atenta para importantes questões, como a ideia de fronteira na pósmodernidade e aquelas envolvidas no processo de descolamento-ajustamento, intrínseco aos constantes trânsitos dos sujeitos que deixam seu local de origem para habitar um outro. Para tanto, pensamos que é essencial procurar entender as transformações sociais, políticas, culturais e estéticas do mundo contemporâneo e sua complexa conjuntura, assim como aprofundar as discussões acerca das construções históricas de suas identidades, especialmente através do conceito de memória (Bergson, 2010). A partir da perspectiva da teoria do póscolonial (Shohat; Stam, 2003, 2006), (Bhabha, 2007), (Hall, 2003a, 2003b), (Said, 2007, 2011), (Fanon, 2002, 2008) – campo interdisciplinar que envolve história, economia, literatura, cinema etc., e que examina questões do acervo colonial e da identidade pós-colonial –, fizemos, inicialmente, um breve percurso histórico pela filmografia francesa, a fim de estabelecer uma construção da representação da alteridade nesse cinema para, posteriormente, buscar compreender esse Outro representado no cinema francês contemporâneo. Observamos, assim, que as filmografias de Denis e Kechiche fazem parte de um cinema que Laura Marks (2000, 2010) denomina de intercultural, uma vez que enfocam a complexidade das novas formas de convívio fixadas na pós-modernidade, apontando para um contexto que não está confinado a uma única cultura, e são capazes de criar novas imagens a partir de uma memória de sentidos. Além disso, os próprios diretores se identificam com mais de uma cultura e, portanto, possuem mais de um repertório cultural. Nesse sentido, empreendemos uma análise comparativa de quatro filmes de cada um dos diretores e observamos se, e de que modo, essas imagens e suas narrativas contribuem para a construção e a consolidação da memória e da identidade francesas.
Ce travail propose une réflexion sur la présence et les différentes formes de représentation de groupes marginalisés, socialement et culturellement, dans le cinéma français contemporain, ayant comme corpus spécifique les films des cinéastes Claire Denis et Abdellatif Kechiche, et traite de questions importantes telles que l'idée de frontière dans la postmodernité et les questions liées au processus de détachement/ajustement, intrinsèque aux constants transits des personnes qui quittent leur lieu d'origine pour en habiter un autre. Par conséquent, nous pensons qu'il est essentiel de chercher à comprendre les transformations sociales, politiques, culturelles et esthétiques du monde contemporain et sa conjoncture complexe, ainsi que d'approfondir les discussions sur les constructions historiques de leurs identités, en particulier à travers le concept de mémoire (Bergson, 2010). Partant de la théorie post-coloniale (Shohat; Stam, 2003, 2006), (Bhabha, 2007) (Hall, 2003a, 2003b), (Said, 2007, 2011), (Fanon, 2002, 2008) – domaine interdisciplinaire impliquant l'histoire, l'économie, la littérature, le cinéma, et examinant les questions de l’héritage colonial et de l'identité post-coloniale – nous avons, dans un premier temps, réalisé un bref parcours historique de la filmographie française afin d'établir une construction de la représentation de l'altérité dans ce cinéma, pour ensuite chercher à comprendre cet Autre représenté dans le cinéma français contemporain. Nous avons ainsi noté que les filmographies de Denis et Kechiche font partie d'un cinéma que Laura Marks (2000, 2010) appelle interculturel, étant donné qu’elles donnent à voir la complexité des nouvelles formes de vivre ensemble fixées dans la postmodernité, mettant en lumière un contexte qui ne se limite pas à une seule culture, et capable de créer de nouvelles images à partir d'une mémoire des sens. En outre, les réalisateurs eux-mêmes s’identifient à plus d'une culture et ont donc plus d'un répertoire culturel. En ce sens, nous avons entrepris une analyse comparative de quatre films de chacun des réalisateurs et avons observés si, et comment, ces images et leurs récits contribuent à la construction et à la consolidation de la mémoire et de l'identité française.
Menelet, Brian. "L'influence des groupes de pression dans la politique coloniale française (1860-1920)." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOD005.
Повний текст джерелаThe most recent studies about pressure groups action in the public decision process show that their current practice knows a great evolution. The comeback of pressure groups in political science literature as subject of academic studies must not make us forgetting that this fact is ancient. Some studies put in evidence the fact that this behavior may be already observed in the middle of the 19th Century. However, few of them explain the importance of the historical emergence of these groups. The study of the influence of pressure groups onto the French colonial policy confirms the oldness of the phenomena of specific interest representation enterprises. This study, about a public policy in a great area and a very long term, leads us to say that the relations between Civil Society and French State about French colonial policy may be dated on the middle of the 19th Century, this moment or a real change in the modalities of collective action. It is also the occasion to confront historical evidence with current political science theories and to put in evidence their lacks and limits
Tai, Li-Chuan. "L'ethnologie française entre colonialisme et décolonisation (1920-1960)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0068.
Повний текст джерелаBampoky, Providence [UNESP]. "A representação da resistência no romance Les bouts de bois de dieu de Ousmane Sembène." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150635.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Ce travail de recherche a pour objectif l´étude du roman Les bouts de bois de dieu (1960) de Ousmane Sembène, afin d'analyser la représentation de la résistance, en mettant l'accent sur le mouvement révolutionnaire des cheminots noirs du Dakar-Niger (1947-1948). Pour mieux comprendre ce scénario de résistance, nous partons, en premier lieu, d’une rétrospective de l´occupation coloniale française en Afrique Occidentale (plus précisément au Sénégal et au Soudan français) qui a débuté la procédure vers la dernière décennie du XIX siècle dans cette région et dont le processus a occasionné la naissance d´une littérature négro-africaine d´expression française. Cette perspective s´avère pertinente en ce sens qu'elle permet, en second lieu, d´ouvrir une discussion sur l'émergence d´une nouvelle conscience du colonisé qui décide de se battre contre l'hégémonie du colonisateur dans le but de récupérer sa dignité. Ce refus de soumission et d´exploitation génère tout au long de ce récit, une série d'affrontements entre noirs et blancs; ces derniers étant les seuls détenteurs du pouvoir économique et politique. Dans le traitement de cette thématique, nous nous proposons d'analyser et de discuter, en dernier lieu, les prises de position et les actions de résistance menées par les femmes, lors de la grève des cheminot, comment elles se sont donné des coups de pouce pendant les manifestations et en même temps comment elles ont contribué à l'acceptation des revendications des grévistes (ajustement salarial, allocations familiales, retraite, congés rémunérés, entre autres). Elles ont réellement lutté, et, in fines contribué à la décolonisation du pouvoir administratif et au changement de la mentalité sociale.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo o estudo do romance Les bouts de bois de dieu (1960) de Ousmane Sembène, com o intuito de analisar a representação da resistência, dando ênfase ao movimento revolucionário dos operários negros da ferrovia Dakar-Níger (1947-1948). Para compreender um pouco mais esse cenário de resistência, partimos, em primeiro lugar, de uma retrospectiva da ocupação colonial francesa na África ocidental (especificamente, no Senegal e no Sudão francês) que se iniciou processualmente a partir da última década do século XIX nessa região e cujo processo propiciou o surgimento de uma literatura negro-africana de expressão francesa. Essa perspectiva torna-se relevante na medida em que possibilita levantar, em segundo lugar, uma discussão sobre o surgimento de uma nova consciência do colonizado que decide lutar contra a hegemonia do colonizador no que tange à recuperação da sua dignidade. Esta postura de recusa à subserviência e à exploração desperta no decorrer desta narrativa uma série de confrontos entre negros e brancos, sendo esses últimos os únicos detentores do poder econômico e político. No tratamento desta temática, propomo-nos analisar e discutir, por fim, o modo como a tomada de posição e as ações de resistência protagonizadas pelas mulheres durante a greve dos operários deram um impulso nas manifestações e contribuíram para a aceitação das reivindicações dos grevistas (ajuste salarial, aposentadoria, férias renumeradas, abonos de família, entre outros). Fatos marcantes na descolonização do poder administrativo e da mudança da mentalidade social.
The purpose of this research on the novel by Ousmane Sembène Les bouts de bois de dieu (God’s Bits of Wood, 1960) is to try to analyze the resistance representation, focusing on the revolutionary movement of the first we will talk about a retrospective of the french colonial occupation in West Africa, mainly in Senegal and in French Soudan where the process started to the last decade of the XIX century in the region, which gave birth to a french negro-african literature. This pespective seems to us relevant since it will allow us to open a discussion on the emergence of a new consciousness of the people under colonial domination who have decided to fight against the egemony of the colonizer in order to recover their dignity. This will to refuse submission and exploitation generates all this narrative a succession of confrontation between black and white people, the latter being the only holder of the economic and political power. When dealing with this theme, we want to analyze and discuss eventually the position and resistance fights waged by women during the strike of railway workers : how they helped one another along during the demonstrations and at the same time how they contributed to the acceptance of labour demands (wage adjustment, child benefits, retirement pension, paid holidays, among others). They really fought to finally contribute to decolonize administrative power and to change social mentality.
CNPq: 190590/2014-9
Ngando, Blaise Alfred. "La présence française au Cameroun (1916-1959) : colonialisme ou mission civilisatrice ?" Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32040.
Повний текст джерелаFrom 1916 to 1959 France managed Cameroun. Which was the true range in this territory of Africa? Colonialism or civilizing mission? Such is the object ofthis thesis which analyzes the complexity of the French action oscillating between the generous ideas of the republic and imperial obsession. F, between 1916 and 1946, segregationist measurements appreciably have objected the civilizing mission and nourishes colonialism, the permanence of the imperial ideology durably registered Cameroun in the wake of Western civilization. No matter what paternalist France introduced there its principles and its values of right. As in the post-colonial whole of Africa, Cameroun remained rather largely unfavourable being studied of the traditional right considered as an obstacle to progress. The supremacy of the Europeens rights prolongs consequently the process of acculturation started since the colonial period. Unfortunately that has the disadvantage of making the Cameronians foreign to themselves by occulting the richness of their otherness. Ln the hour or Africa pains to find its place in liberal universalization its challenge is to build its own way while drawing from its traditional heritage but also from the contributions of the civilizing mission which are from now on his
Danon, Rachel. "Voix de marronnage dans la littérature française au XVIIIé siècle." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENL044.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation, entitled Maroons’ Voices in 18th-Century French Literature, attempts to understand the various modes of resistance and escape which African slaves have constantly opposed to the colonial system of slavery. In the absence of slave narratives in French, our goal was to hear their lost voices through a close analysis of their echoes within texts written by a number of French authors who staged them, with many diffractions and deformations. Emphasis is put on the agency expressed in these countless forms of resistance, by populations who are too often misrepresented as passive victims.This study being literary in nature, it focuses on the structures and forms of enunciations encountered in these apparently derivative works written between 1730 and 1792, in order to frame the refracted presence of maroons’ voices through their transmission, translation, and deformations. What types of resistance to colonial oppression filter through these indirect and often ambivalent forms of literary testimony? How can a literary sensitivity help us grasp their historical, political and cultural stakes? Such questions are discussed through a series of close readings of selected narratives of escape, denunciations, struggles, rebellion and vengeance, taken from a variety of literary genres, all written in the colonizers’ language. In conclusion, these texts written 300 years ago are revisited in the light of recent developments in Caribbean writings
Nadi, Selim. ""L'Europe est foutue" : fascisation et décolonisation : anticolonialisme et crainte du fascisme dans la genèse des nouvelles gauches radicales ouest-allemandes et françaises (1954-1975)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0026.
Повний текст джерелаThis work aims at focusing on the entanglement between the West German and the French radical Lefts during the decolonisation process after World War II. We will study how this encounter has brought the European Left (and especially the French and West-German Lefts) to question the transformations of the post-1945 World and to participate in the birth of a New European Radical Left at the beginning of the 1970s. While the colonial tradition of Germany was not as strong as the French one, the question of fascism was at the centre of many debates within the radical Lefts. Hence, the emergence of the Third-World as a political subject, the disintegration of colonial Empires and the ongoing anti-imperialist struggles have crossed these fears of a possible fascisation. Thus, we aim at questioning the theoretical and political circulations between the French and the West-German Lefts during decolonisation in order to analyse both the birth of a wider anticolonial and anti-imperialist political consciousness but also the constitution of a New Left (in France and in West Germany) through the way in which “external” issues (colonialism) have crossed debates on internal issues (the fear of the fascisation)
Mentor, Renseg. "Impacts du colonialisme dans certaines aires créolophones." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030118/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study is to be considered from a sociolinguistic view. It aims at highlighting the pathologlossical nature of the ties of some creole speakers with their mother tongue. This process pays special regard to the inhabitants of the Caribbean islands during the colonial period so as to demonstrate the roots of French-based creoles. However it shows the utmost importance to the former colony of Reunion (located in the Indian Ocean and institutionally French).It also deals with the ancient American colonies (Dominica, Haiti, St Lucia) and those of the Indian Ocean (Mauritius, the Seychelles) which escape the French linguistic planification. It tries to establish possible links between the speakers relations to their native language and the servile conditions which gave birth to their language.Such a study grants special treatment to the linguistic planification. It focuses on the intrusion of politics in the various uses of languages on the pathologlossical impacts of a conditioning that attaches little importance to human beings.It offers a humanistic approach in defining a linguistic policy in order to reduce the gap among other things as regards school or social loss
Thiem, Ninon Franziska. "Vom Imaginieren eines Raumes : das postkoloniale Indochina als literarisches Konstrukt." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100106/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe issue of this project will be the post-colonial imagining of Indochina in mainly French literature. Starting with the historical and geographical roots, it is shown that the imagining of a territory called Indochina began in the 19th century and still has an impact on the narration of the territory. The creation of a colony with this name began in 1862 and ended with the battle of Dien Bien Phu in 1954. Until today, this aspect of the French past is a taboo.The publication of Marguerite Duras' novel „L'amant“ in 1984 gave a new impetus to this subject. Others followed. The objective of this project is to follow these traces left mainly in texts but also in maps, films, and pictures included in the novels. The digressions between the media leads to a comparison which shows that all media apart from the literature tend to limit their view on Indochina and to cover up the darker parts. The novels develop a critical view on historical science and question its task to maintain history by remaining neutral. It is shown that by telling the story of Indochina without skipping the resulting disastrous impact on the whole society literature has an important task. Creating a story by imagining and by intensifying the narration, literature as a commentary in the sense of Michel Foucault helps to remember why war is still part of every man's and woman's life and why it should stop
Aka, Koffi Sabine. "Les romanciers ivoiriens face à l'Histoire. 1990 - 2009. Textes et contexte." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA062.
Повний текст джерелаThe postcolonial novel is linked to the interpretation of History inherent to the african native writer. Without any acceptable understanding for the people concerned, fiction examines and brings out various occulted aspects of History. This study' s purpose is to underline some ways to interpret History other than from a western point of view, allowing the understanding of present History, a theme more and more present with contemporary Ivorian novelists. We propose to analyze the way Ivorian novelists, from the 90's until today, are treating History and how and why they integrate it into their fiction. The management of a european-centered History is a touchy but essential exercise to break the deadlock. Writers are willing to give their people an african History, complicated by colonialism. The study's goal is to show how this development is an urgency for the authors: in fact they try, through fiction, to find answers to the weakening of state structures and to ward off the specter of civil war initiated by the manipulation of the concept of "Ivoirité". The analysis focuses on the mental and cultural representations and we will go through the various literary categories, in order to summarize the way they induce a vision of History
Mergen, Ludovic. "Les diplomaties française et britannique face à la question de Palestine (1917-1948)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAG009.
Повний текст джерелаThe diplomatic positions of the Quai d’Orsay and the Foreign Office on the Palestine question are rarely studied directly and on a long-term basis. If the establishment of the mandate system after World War I and the creation of Israel after World War II have been subjected to an intense historiographical production, a study of the attitudes and interests of the French and British diplomacies towards Palestine from 1917 (year of the Balfour declaration) to 1948 (year of the first Arab-Israeli war) was missing. The analysis of diplomatic documents allows to establish the reasons behind Paris and London’s support to Zionism, as well as their own understanding of the objectives of Jewish nationalism. Western powers had believed that they could shape Zionism and use it to achieve their colonial agendas in the Middle-East. By forcing their Zionist project on Arab populations, they contributed to fueling the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
Allouache, Ferroudja. "Réception et fabrication du texte littéraire "francophone" dans la presse française : du prix Goncourt attribué à René Maran (1921) aux lendemains des Soleils des indépendances d'Ahmadou Kourouma (1970)." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080050.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis is to understand the manufacturing of the “Francophone” literary text, from the perspective of its reception in the French press (magazines and newspapers), restoring the archeology of this categorization of the works written by French authors born outside France, particularly in the colonies.Which is the intellectual, ideological, aesthetic posture observed towards those writers? Why are their writings never connected to the memory of the national literature? How does the literary critic read the works of authors from French colonies? What is his role in the development of the contemporary category of "francophone literature"?The corpus chosen begins in 1921, when R. Maran received the Prix Goncourt for Batouala and ends in the aftermath of the publication of The Suns of Independence by A. Kourouma in 1970.The critical review in the press provides elements of interpretation enabling the identification of the reasons why this literary production, long remained unseen, never related to literary history, is confined to anthropology and has mostly received the attention because of its documentary, revendicative dimension.The analysis of the mechanisms used to classify, sort, in order to build borders, margins between what is non-literary vs literary, shows the manufacturing process of the concept of "francophone literature" after the independence. The manufacturing of this category is involved in the development and perception of a separate, broken world at the opposite of that, the porous, hybrid, creolized, promoted by E. Glissant
Vasconcelos, Machado Everton. "Christianisme, castes et colonialisme dans le roman "Les Brahmanes" (1886) du goannais Francisco Luís Gomes (1829-1869)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040245/document.
Повний текст джерела[?]
Este trabalho propõe-se a estudar a maneira como o escritor goês de língua portuguesa Francisco Luís Gomes (1829-1869) aborda em seu romance de tese Os Brahamanes (1866) o cristianismo, o sistema de castas hindu e o colonialismo. Liberal e católico convicto, Gomes foi bastante marcado pelos ideais da Revolução Francesa e teria podido ser inscrito na corrente do romantismo “reformador”, da qual faziam parte Lamartine, Lamennais e Hugo. Inspirado em um fato histórico (a Revolta dos Cipaios de 1857, primeiro movimento inssurrecional indiano de envergadura contra a dominação inglesa), Os Brahamanes poderia ser considerado como sendo não apenas a primeira obra de ficção a atacar as castas da Índia mas também o primeiro romance da literatura moderna a denunciar os abusos do colonialismo. O discurso de Gomes comporta entretanto alguns problemas, pois o autor acaba por legitimar em seu livro o fato colonial. A ação de Os Brahamanes não se passa na Índia portuguesa, de onde era o escritor, mas na Índia britânica, o verdadeiro alvo do romance. Ora, este contribui tanto para o mito segundo o qual Portugal teria agido, enquanto conquistador de povos, de uma maneira “doce” e igualitária, quanto para o “estilo ocidental de dominação, de reestruturação e de autoridade sobre o Oriente” chamado “orientalismo” (Edward Saïd)
Muñoz, Azócar Diego. "Diaspora Rapanui (1871-2015). L’île de Pâques, le Chili continental et la Polynésie française : une ethnographie historique de la mobilité dans une société transnationale." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0066/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe present thesis revolves around a group of about 5000 people, native to Easter Island and how they construct their society, and their relationships within their island and their diasporic communities. It is about the construction of Rapanui identity, how and who is and recognized as "Rapanui". Although the island is the reference point par excellence for Rapanui identity, "Rapanui society" is not limited to this eastern Polynesian island, but includes its migrant communities located in mainland Chile (about half of the population) that lives mainly in the large metropolitan area of Santiago, plus a small number of people that live in Tahiti, French Polynesia. For the Rapanui, Tahiti is an important place in the history of the island and of the diaspora and in the configuration of a Polynesian identity. Rapanui diaspora is not a fixed diaspora but is characterized by the mobility of its people between these different places. The characterization of this diasporic process is the main theme of this thesis. Our study is anthropological and historical. We observed and analyzed contemporary communities in their daily lives (occupations, kinship relations, land tenure, relationship to history). Several field seasons were conducted between 2006 and 2014 in Hanga Roa, the only town of Rapa Nui, as well as in the extensive urban network of Santiago and in the Pamatai neighborhood in Tahiti, where a group of Rapanui settled during the second half of the nineteenth century. Formal and informal interviews and conversations were carried out with Rapanui people of all conditions and ages. The characteristics of the diaspora are the result of a long, often dramatic history, that is threads of which are traced in the preserved and transmitted memories, and the analysis of previously unknown archival documentation. As elsewhere in Oceania, this story includes the arrival of missionaries and settlers. But for Rapanui this history also includes the drama of the slave raids from Peru, the massive exodus to Tahiti and Mangareva colluded by missionaries and merchants, as well as by a unique Chilean colonial policy of confinement that transformed the entire island into a private sheep station until 1966. This policy of confinement would lead to several Rapanui to escape from their home and island, at the risking of their lives. Today the story is very different: it is the story of "overflowing tourism", of the re-appropriation of their archaeological heritage, of the reaffirmation of a Polynesian identity and of the beginnings of an economic development in which the Rapanui finally recover the fruits of their island and their history
En esta tesis se estudia la sociedad rapanui, unas 5000 personas, que tiene como lugar de origen y de referencia a Rapa Nui, o Isla de Pascua. A pesar de que la isla es el lugar de referencia identitaria por excelencia, la « sociedad rapanui » no se limita solamente a esta isla de la Polinesia oriental, sino que incluye a sus comunidades de emigrantes instaladas en Chile continental (cerca de la mitad de la población) principalmente en la región metropolitana de Santiago, más un pequeño número en Tahiti, Polinesia francesa. Para los rapanui, Tahiti es un lugar importante en la historia de la isla, de la diáspora y en la formación de una identidad polinésica. El objetivo de esta tesis es comprender la configuración de la comunidad rapanui, comprender de qué manera aquellos que se reconocen « Rapanui » construyen su sociedad a través de diferentes tipos de relaciones, organizando una diáspora, una diáspora que no es fija sino que se establece en la movilidad entre los diversos lugares. Nuestro estudio es antropológico e histórico. Observamos y analizamos las comunidades contemporáneas en sus vidas cotidianas (ocupaciones, relaciones de parentesco, tenencia de la tierra, relación a la historia), a partir de varias investigaciones de terreno realizadas entre 2006 y 2014, tanto en Hanga Roa, el único pueblo de Rapa Nui, como en la extensa red urbana de Santiago y en el barrio de Pamatai en Tahiti, donde un grupo de rapanui se instaló durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Son vidas evocadas en diálogos con personas rapanui de todas la condiciones y edades. Las diferentes características de la diáspora son el resultado de una larga historia, más de una vez dramática, de la cual es preciso reconstruir la trama mediante las memorias conservadas y transmitidas, así como por documentos de archivo, muchas veces desconocidos hasta ahora. Como en otras partes de Oceanía esta historia incluye la llegada de misioneros y colonos. Sin embargo, la historia rapanui está definida por el drama que significaron las redadas esclavista venidas del Perú, el masivo éxodo a Tahiti y Mangareva planeado por misioneros y comerciantes, así como por una política colonial chilena de encierro que transformó a la isla entera en una estancia ovejera privada hasta 1966. Este encierro condujo a varios rapanui a intentar escapar de la isla, arriesgando sus vidas. Actualmente es una otra historia, aquella de un «turismo desbordado», de la apropiación de una herencia arqueológica, de la reafirmación de una identidad polinésica y de los inicios de un desarrollo económico por el cual los rapanui recuperan, al fin, parte de las riquezas de la isla y de su historia
Blanchard, Pascal. "Nationalisme et colonialisme : Idéologie coloniale, discours sur l'Afrique et les Africains de la Droite nationaliste française, des années 30 à la Révolution Nationale." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010596.
Повний текст джерелаThe nationalist, reactionary, fascist and "maurrassienne" right elaborate from the 1930's a discourse and a spedifici ideology about the colonial attempt. Since 1880-1910 the nationalist right express an "anticolonialism" until its understanding of the empire during the 20's about which the final will be the imperial glorification, mainly during the Vichy period : the "revolution nationale". The purpose of this study is to present the structure and the influence of the colonial ideology of the "droites". In this outline, the main point studied is the france colonial domain of africa, which is the main concern of the different right parties from the 1920's to 1940-1944. Then it is underlined a "representation" of the Africa and the African natives during this period. This thesis is based upon the analysis of the printing press corpus which represent all the tendancies of the right, and also an investigation to a representative sample of the extreme right and at last this study of the literature during the period. This thesis underline the position of the french right in the colonial structure and its ascendancy on an important fringe of the politic opinion besides the left colonial "ideology" and the "parti colonial". We hope to show throw this study that the french extreme right has a specific colonial ideology and. .
Allouache, Ferroudja. "Réception et fabrication du texte littéraire "francophone" dans la presse française : du prix Goncourt attribué à René Maran (1921) aux lendemains des Soleils des indépendances d'Ahmadou Kourouma (1970)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080050.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis is to understand the manufacturing of the “Francophone” literary text, from the perspective of its reception in the French press (magazines and newspapers), restoring the archeology of this categorization of the works written by French authors born outside France, particularly in the colonies.Which is the intellectual, ideological, aesthetic posture observed towards those writers? Why are their writings never connected to the memory of the national literature? How does the literary critic read the works of authors from French colonies? What is his role in the development of the contemporary category of "francophone literature"?The corpus chosen begins in 1921, when R. Maran received the Prix Goncourt for Batouala and ends in the aftermath of the publication of The Suns of Independence by A. Kourouma in 1970.The critical review in the press provides elements of interpretation enabling the identification of the reasons why this literary production, long remained unseen, never related to literary history, is confined to anthropology and has mostly received the attention because of its documentary, revendicative dimension.The analysis of the mechanisms used to classify, sort, in order to build borders, margins between what is non-literary vs literary, shows the manufacturing process of the concept of "francophone literature" after the independence. The manufacturing of this category is involved in the development and perception of a separate, broken world at the opposite of that, the porous, hybrid, creolized, promoted by E. Glissant
Bocco, Yao Emmanuel-Isidore. "Mémoire, nostalgies et stratégies autour du Togo et du Cameroun (1919-1939)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0107.
Повний текст джерелаTogo et Cameroon now independant nattions have in commun some héritages (culture and german time buildings) wich testimony the backgrpound of the german protectorates. For the Memory, nostalgies and strategies around Togo and Cameroon, this dissertation has for main method to renew the heuristic from frend, english and german archives and the french military pieces from the SHAT (Service Historique de l'Armée de Terre - Chateau de Vincenne) as well. The diversification of evidence melt french viewes with the german archives consultes in Potsdam (Bundesarchiv Abteilung VII) and the federal archives like the Kolonial Rundschau, the Taschenbuch Koloniale - Fa series, they all are involved in the Bundesarchiv - Finkel Allee - Beril) and the Library of the ministry of Foreign Affairs (Berlin). Thus began the colonial revisionnism under the Weimer rule. Thus grew the german colonialism without colonies thanks to the activism of the petitionnists in the League of Nation (Mandate Permanent Commission) til to the III° Reich that never resign the colonial question (Kolonial Frage) In the memory, nostalgies and stratégies challenge around Togo and the Cameroon is now a little more known, the german archives must be counsidered as the main contribution then they show this paradoxal attachment of togolese and cameroonese indigenous to Germany nearly a century after the german defeat in the first world war the "réseaux d'amis de France" never succed to overthrow the german influence
Pope, Julie. "Émancipation et création poétique. De la Négritude à l' écriture féminine à l'exemple d'Aimé Césaire, Léopold Sedar Senghor, Ahmadou Kourouma, Calixthe Beyala." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030067.
Повний текст джерелаIn the context of the independences of former French colonies, the poetic impetus of militant authors such as Aimé Césaire, Léopold Sédar Senghor or Léon-Gontran Damas is adamantly linked to the rebuttal of colonialism and to political activism. Intellectuals, writers, and artists strongly condemn European imperialisms. For the “Négritude” poets, poetry stands as the most obvious testimony of political and literary commitment. Their poetic works, relying both on oral practices inherited from Africa and on relatively classic prosodic styles, is the vehicle for political messages and reclaiming of African culture. Subsequently, novel writing in sub-Saharian Africa tackles more and more themes of slavery, colonization, colonial alienation, neo-colonialism, all of this becoming empowering processes. The question is to open on a renewed vision of the world, giving the French language a new creative trace, through the authors’ representation. Therefore, Francophone literature reclaims its singularity. This is especially true with Cameroon and Congo: for instance, Ahmadou Kourouma posits that his literature is malinké. Tchicaya U. Tam’si declares that if the French language is colonizing him, then he colonizes it in turn. The colonized rebellion paradoxically leans on the French colonizer language, while trying to displace and advance it through writing. Francophone literature in sub-Saharian Africa is the place of differences and of “différances”, for it bears the traces of many sociological reflexions, and becomes, through its diversity, a place for creativity, liberty and hybridity. We also witness the rise of political protest novel against dictatures, corruption, civil wars ; for example Ahmadou Kourouma, writing Allah n’est pas obligé, does not bother anymore with the rules of literature but excels in the practice of a “rotten language” to describe an atrocious war. This is a form of creativity similar to the one that give birth to creole, “français petit-nègre”, “camfranglais” and one that African sub-Saharian literature explore. It is in this perspective opened by subversive writing and reading practices that women emancipation in Africa takes place. The case of Calixthe Beyala, among others, illustrates this evolution of the status of women in society, beyond the sexual male/female divide. This process stems from post-colonialism and independentist movements gaining power and focus in the XXth century. Women distinguish themselves thanks to their writing and speech in a public sphere reserved to men. Novels written by sub-Saharian African women carefully describe traditional practices, polygamy, forced marriages. These writers, through their acquired freedom speech, have gained the power to participate in the public debate. This form of emancipation takes hold of a language and an art formerly reserved to men because of traditions. Violence, slang words, obscene or pornographic language are no longer part of a male monopoly on poetic language. This poetic creation is vested differently by women writers, who are therefore able to express themselves
Copin, Henri. "L'Indochine dans la littérature française des années vingt à 1954 : exotisme et altérité." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040302.
Повний текст джерелаThe common history of France and Indochina during the colonial years gave birth to a rich production of literary works which today remains partly unknown. This research aims to outline and question the literary pictures through which this country is portrayed. The period covered here extends from the years following the First World War till 1954, which marks the end of the colonial yeas. The geographical area includes Vietnam, Kampuchea and Laos as they are known today. The method adopted consists of examining number of works grouped around significant themes. Initially the situation and the evolution of exoticism in its relationship to what is known as literature colonial is studied, firstly in its wider sense, and then more particularly in Indochina. The research then concentrates successively on the different crises in the nineteen thirties and their literary expression, the intimate affairs between European and Asian, the myth of the decivilized and finally to the resulting drama of half-caste integration. The last part is concerned with postwar Indochina as it is mainly portrayed through Jean Hougron's Romanesque literary works. Within the general framework of culture exchanges between Europe and Asia, and within the context of the colonial relationship. One can follow, through intertwining of representations and myths, and through the narrative techniques, the evolution of exoticism which moves towards otherness this movement goes from a passive observation to a genuine interest in the other
Bennair, Hakima. "Réception de l’œuvre de Kateb Yacine dans les champs littéraire, intellectuel et éditorial parisiens de 1947 à 1958." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040018.
Повний текст джерелаEditing the work of a “native” poet , when Algeria was a French colony, requires a change in the perception habits of the French society, but furthermore, writing in French a piece which is intended to be emancipated and liberating demands a particular effort and definitely a particular political choice. In the aftermath of World War II, Kateb Yacine’s work which enunciates itself in and by history, is in line with a French literary and intellectual field in reconstruction. Publishing companies choose editorial strategies influenced by intellectuals desirous to change the society and creators of new life philosophies: Personalism, Existentialism. Some writers crystallize this founding power: Mounier, Sartre, Jeanson, Senghor, Césaire, Fanon. The role and the evolution of the magazine Esprit, an intellectual media and receptacle, are exemplary and take great part in the evolution of French society and politics. The union between Esprit and Seuil editions helps spreading these ideas. The fight against colonialism, which finds its sources in philosophical ideas, and, ultimately, in the experience of the Resistance, directs the intellectual field and compels clear-cut intellectual positions. This history conditions the reception of his work today. The reading of the work, particularly Nedjma, cannot be separated from political and cultural issues: illustration of the French-speaking world, acknowledgement of a part of the French young people coming from the North African immigration. It appears in the programming of French lessons
Hricovová, Zuzana. "La comparaison des héritages coloniaux britanniques et français dans les systèmes politiques d'Afrique de l'Ouest." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193689.
Повний текст джерелаBablee, Pascaline. "La déconstruction de l'exotisme insulaire dans la littérature indianocéanique." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30009/document.
Повний текст джерелаPrimary exoticism as defined by Victor Segalen is still very relevant to the modern society mainly when it refers to insularity. This phenomenon is not only maintained by the numerous literary productions of the periods of colonial conquest and the establishment of empires but also by the media and the cinema overusing indefatigably the idyllic imaging of the island. However, this representation recedes widely in Indian Ocean literature where the second generation of writers in particular frees itself from the colonial ideals always perceptible in the first generation. The initial objective of our study is therefore to highlight the insular archetypes forged during the colonial period and to demonstrate the various processes of their erosion in the literature of the Indian Ocean over the generations. It is then a question of understanding why are the island paragons deconstructed in this literary field. Through their approach, do the authors of the Indian Ocean want to express the desire of an identity, linguistic, territorial and historic reappropriation ? Do they besides wish to assert their inscription in a regional literature to open better to the mondialité as defined by Édouard Glissant ? With the support of postcolonial theories, mouvements and concepts at the same time taken up by different studies on Exoticism, Insularity, Creoleness and Littérature-Monde, we so want to propose avenues for analysis and reflection leading to a better comprehension if not apprehension of the aesthetic universes found in the Indian Ocean basin
Mary, Julien. "Réparer l’histoire : les combattants de l’Union française prisonniers de la République démocratique du Vietnam de 1945 à nos jours." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30019/document.
Повний текст джерелаDuring the Indochina war (1945-1954), more than 20,000 French combatants, legionnaires and Africans, are listed "prisoners and missing". Prisoners of war (POW) of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN) for the majority, they are subjected to a food and health regime that, if it is close to that of the Vietnamese, wreaks havoc in their ranks. But the terrible rhythm of the dead is not the only shock awaiting them in captivity, where they are forced to undergo a political education aimed at opening their eyes to the condition of the military proletariat they form, as well as to that of the Vietnamese people exploited by the French colonialism. Disorientated by these conditions of captivity, the POWs find their social and moral landmarks singularly put to the test. In order to survive, the POWs are forced to "play the game" of their jailers' propaganda, thereby violating their duty as soldiers. In each camp, captive micro-groups aggregate and disintegrate, causing important cleavages, still sensitive today, between them. This triple reading - here considered with nuance - thus forges, for decades to come, the conditions for the possibility of the former POWs of the DRVN becoming victims.But the experience is not as painful for all the POWs: when they come into contact with the Vietnamese, they also become subjects of an extraordinary international experience; some feel that they have even gained "a certain enriching vision" from this experience, at least they express their wish to understand the extraordinary experience they have just had. For officers in particular, this experience take the form of a first "duty to remember". Never again such defeats claim many Indochina veterans who fall into the "Algerian War", modeling "psychological action" suffered in captivity with the prospect of a French-style "counter-insurgency". "Never again!", claim many former POWs with the legitimacy of an empirical anti-communism, condemning, in France, the May 1968 movement, the "Union de la Gauche", or the massacres committed in the name of Marxism elsewhere in the world. For some, the experience of captivity is even sublimated into a form of practical ethics that will help to lead some of them to the highest political level, from where they will participate in initiating the fight that will take off from the 1980s onwards for the recognition and repair of the traumatisms suffered by the DRVN's POWs.In the spirit of the late twentieth century, witnesses mobilize trauma as a resource for mobilization initiated in the name of the memory of their experience. The testimony then becomes, at the same time, a material of historical expertise with the thesis of the former POW R. Bonnafous in 1985, of medico-legal expertise after the adoption in 1989 of the "prisoner of Viet Minh" status, and of judicial expertise during the "Boudarel affair". The fall of the Soviet Union, the collapse of the Third World and the anti-colonialism, and the advent of the "era of the victim", indeed, allow the former POWs of the DRVN, whose collective is institutionalised with the creation of the ANAPI in 1985, to recognize themselves as victims and to work to be recognized as such. This victimized reading of the war captivity in Indochina ultimately offers the key to a relative patrimonialization of their experience on the paradigmatic mode of memory of Nazi crimes and genocides... all against a background of the rehabilitation of the French colonization
Agostini, Aldo D'. "Phénoménologie du discours sur le panislamisme dans les sources françaises à la fin du XIXe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10046.
Повний текст джерелаAinouche, Azzedine. "L'administration française et l'organisation officielle du culte musulman en Algérie coloniale, 1830-1907 : contribution à une étude des rapports Islam et politique en Algérie." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX32035.
Повний текст джерелаIn the spite of the solemn promise made by bourmont at the algiers surrender in july 1830 to respect the property and the religion of the algerian moslems, the french colonial welfare in algeria soon turned to be brutal when dealing with the religions matters of islam (structures and property). Thus, it did not conform to its neutrality as far as religion is concerned. Owing to the fact that the foreign rules ignored the religions structures inherited from the algiers regency, altogether with their unsteady colonial government, the results of revolutionary changes that upset france herself, the french colonial policy in algeria appears to be hesitating. However, it is characterised by an overwhelming tendancy to seize the property called (habus) and the rule over islam in algeria. Very much attached to a religion that ignores any notion of separation from politics moslem people to demonstrate in various ways their hostility to the exactions commited against their cult which passed from relative autonomy (regency period) to absolute subordination to a government that did not share their cread. Yet, the moslems will put up with these conditions, till the disestablishment of the churches act (1907) was pursued by an enactment issued for the purpose of the colony. This measure met with considerable disapproval on behalf of the moslem elites (both religious and political) who endeavoured to entertain relationships in statu-quo with the colonial authorities
Grondin, Reine-Claude. "La colonie en province : diffusion et réception du fait colonial en Corrèze et en Haute-Vienne (c. 1830-c. 1939)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010645.
Повний текст джерелаDuteil, Simon. "Enseignants coloniaux : Madagascar, 1896-1960." Le Havre, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LEHA0029.
Повний текст джерелаOn the entire Madagascar’s French colonization period, thousands of people work in official colonial education with a "European" status which distinguishes them from the colonized. As agents of the colonial State, these teachers are daily actors of French colonialism. Studying these teachers, from the moment they enter the "Service de l'enseignement" to the one they leave, studying the group's composition, their routes, work and place in the colonial society enables to tackle colonial situation under a new point of view, taking account of the complexities and the internal differences within the colonizer's group. This history applies not only to the precise territory of Madagascar, it also clarify some aspects of teachers' social history in the metropole. A thematic approach was used in order to bring to light convergence and rupture points which belongs to the studied phenomena along with chronological approaches in order to analyse precise evolutions, in particular for the perception of colonialism and "civilizing mission" so as the cases of the state agents who were "made available again" to the metropole. This work highlights discrepancies and common interests of these teachers going from differences in the occupations, status and gender but also from variables used in a prosopographical way, like the duration of the presence in the colony, geographical origins or type of education in which they work (European or indigenous)
Mo, Zhexun. "A Few Essays on the Political Economy of Inequalities in Africa and China." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0057.
Повний текст джерелаThis Ph.D. dissertation speaks to my general research interests at the intersections of development economics, political economy and economic history. Specifically, my research agenda centers around two main axes. On the one hand, by digitizing large-scale historical datasets, I explore the long-term vicissitudes of inequalities in multi-dimensional forms in both Africa and East Asia, in particular their historical determinants (via the advent and end of colonialism, the rise and fall of different political regimes, etc) and their long-run interactions with contemporary development and growth outcomes. On the other hand, I zoom in from a more micro perspective, by designing cross-country survey experiments, in order to understand how people subjectively perceive inequalities and form preferences for redistribution, especially in developing countries where the strong presence of traditional institutions and unique growth trajectories could have shaped citizens to view inequality and development in alternative manners and the insights from which could also inform policy-making for more sustainable development in the longer run. In this Ph.D. thesis, I attempt to answer these questions centering around the aforementioned research dimensions in four chapters, traversing the territories of West Africa and East Asia. In the first chapter, I examine the historical determinants over the design of French colonial institutions in West Africa. In particular, I zoom in on one of the most draconian forced labor episodes embedded in the conscription system at the time, specifically in colonial Mali where military reservists were exploited for public works and railway construction, and estimate the long-term developmental repercussions of colonial forced labor by hand-collecting an enormous historical dataset on colonial soldiers in Mali together with my colleagues researching on development in contemporary Mali. In my second and third chapters, I depart away from colonialism in West Africa, and dive into investigating inequality perceptions and the formation of redistributive preferences in contemporary China. Via two consecutive survey experiments with my co-authors, we find that Chinese citizens’ attitudes towards inequalities and preferences for redistribution differ significantly from the western ideals,and we attempt to rationalize this unique set of preferences with China’s transitional economic experience and low political agency of the population. In my final chapter, I go back into the history of China in the 20th century, and together with my co-authors, we estimate the long-run evolution of Chinese national wealth accumulation from the founding of the Republic of China (1911) till 2020. We find very striking patterns with regards to the dynamics of wealth accumulation of a country having undergone drastic political and development trajectories over the past century, which paves the way for more dialogues on understanding the intricate relationship between inequality and growth in China and the developing world at large in the future
Rugy, Marie de. "Cartes et constructions de territoires impériaux dans le nord de la péninsule indochinoise, 1885-1914." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H048.
Повний текст джерелаMy dissertation offers a connected history of Northern lndochinese Peninsula during the early years of colonization (1885-1914). I discuss the link between cartography and the empire and question the construction of the imperial territories through maps. I see how the border areas that were disputed by the colonial and national States have been represented and constructed, between 1885 and 1914, by the different actors: British, French and Chinese empires, Siam realm, local peoples. I argue the central value of a spatially marginalized territory, for which Willem van Schendel has spoken of a "geography of ignorance". Mostly unknown from the Europeans, inhabited by ethnic minorities, it is actually a border space. Looking at the empires from their borders is a good way of studying the central imperial politics. Besides, cartography plays a role in the international relations in a context of high competition. Finally, there are links between the different cartographies at that lime, which show the rote of cartographic knowledge in the colonial encounter in Burma and in Vietnam as well
Choplin, Cédric. "La représentation des peuples exotiques et des missions dans Feiz ha Breiz (1865-1884)." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00370510.
Повний текст джерелаBraeuner, Hélène. "Les représentations du canal de Suez (15ème-20ème s.) : esthétiques et politiques d'une vision." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG042.
Повний текст джерелаThe history of the Suez canal is a field of study that is still as alive and sensitive as ever, one that elicits mixed feelings. It is the story of its symbolism and the fantasies and projections that have sprung from it that is studied through a heretofore-unexamined literary and iconographical corpus. The originality of this research lies in its multiple approaches and the number of works assembled, which enables one to step out of a narrow chronology of the digging of the canal. It seeks to go beyond the restrictive vision of an endeavour that cannot be considered French colonial action yet is shot through with an ideology of conquest. It brings a fresh approach to the representation of orientalist travel. The artistic heritage born of this universal public work finally poses the question of its reception and how its memory is shared between East and West, with as much at stake today as ever
Bundu, Malela Buata. "L'Homme pareil aux autres: stratégies et postures identitaires de l'écrivain afro-antillais à Paris, 1920-1960." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210803.
Повний текст джерелаPour ce faire, notre démarche s’articule en deux temps :(1) examiner les conditions de possibilité d’un champ littéraire afro-antillais à Paris (colonisation française et ses effets, configuration d’un champ littéraire pré-institutionnalisé, etc.) ;(2) analyser les processus de consolidation du champ, ainsi que les luttes internes qui opposent deux tendances émergentes représentées d’abord par Senghor et Césaire, ensuite par Beti et Glissant, dont les prises de position littéraires mettent en œuvre des « modèles empiriques » ;ceux-ci régulent et unifient leurs rapports au monde et à l’Afrique.
This study relates to afro-carribean literature in colonial period (1920-1960). We want to examine the strategies of agents like René Maran, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Aimé Césaire, Édouard Glissant and Mongo Beti ;and we want to understand how they invente literary and social identity.
Our approach is structured in two steps: we shall analyse (1) the conditions for an afro-carribean literary field to appear in Paris (french colonialism and its consequences, configuration of literay field.) ;(2) the consolidation of this field and the internal struggles between two tendances represented by Senghor and Césaire, by Glissant and Beti whose literary practice shows the “empirical model” that regularizes and consolidates their relation with the world and Africa.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation langue et littérature
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Sassi, Fouad. "Le personnage arabe dans le cinéma français." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7350.
Повний текст джерелаPour respecter les droits d'auteur, la version électronique de cette thèse ou ce mémoire a été dépouillée, le cas échéant, de ses documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale de la thèse ou du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.
Bérubé, Justin. "Le monde raconté aux petits Canadiens français dans trois revues jeunesse, 1921-1947." Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1935/1/M10767.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBréelle, Dany. "Le discours français de géographie régionale et l'Indochine coloniale : Les modèles des thèses de Charles Robequain et Pierre Gourou." Phd thesis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00363032.
Повний текст джерелаCes deux œuvres sont analysées en tant que discours (chapitres 1 et 2) qui sont comparés aux autres discours de l'Entre-deux-guerres et déconstruits à travers une approche contextuelle répondant à trois conditions majeures: les contextes de l'École française de géographie, colonial, et extrême-oriental, analysés dans les chapitres 3 à 7.
Le chapitre de conclusion met en lumière la manière dont deux géographes ayant reçu une formation universitaire similaire et travaillant sur le terrain colonial ont construit deux discours contrastés qui s'apparentent à leur culture française tout en participant parallèlement à la mise en place d'un savoir franco-vietnamien rendant compte des mécanismes de fonctionnement internes de la paysannerie vietnamienne.
Lee-Hone, Chloe. "Entre le Saguenay et la Huronie : les perles de verre du lac Abitibi et la route du Nord au XVIIe siècle." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22436.
Повний текст джерелаHamila, Ahmed. "Les minorités (in)-visibles au sein de la sphère politique française." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10405.
Повний текст джерелаThis research investigates the political representation of ethnic minorities in France. Nearly 10% of the French population is from an ethnic minority, however, only 2% of the politicians are from an ethnic minority. Thus, ethnic minorities are underrepresented in both Parliament and Government. From a twofold structural and cultural perspective, this study focuses on the three steps of the electoral process — recruitment, selection, and election — to suggest several research paths to explain the political underrepresentation of ethnic minorities. The purpose of this study is twofold. First, we try to identify the main barriers that hinder ethnic minorities’ political advancement, without claiming a causal effect between these barriers and the political underrepresentation of ethnic minorities. Second, we try to propose several hypotheses that can be operationalized and evaluated in potential future researches.
Kadiri, Hassani Hasnaa. "La traduction au Maroc sous le protectorat français 1912-1956 : étude de trois auto-traducteurs de l’IHEM." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12343.
Повний текст джерелаLes Textes arabes de l’Ouargha (Lévi-Provençal, 1922), les Textes arabes de Rabat (Brunot, 1931) et les Textes arabes des Zaër (Loubignac, 1952), relatifs à trois régions marocaines, attirent l’attention par leur organisation méthodique, mais aussi par les thématiques abordées. Les Textes, comportant une préface arabe, une transcription en caractères latins et une traduction annotée, donnent une image du Maroc colonial entre 1912 et 1956. Sur les traces de l’orientaliste William Marçais, les trois auto-traducteurs se sont intéressés à l’ethnographie marocaine dans ses différentes facettes. Pour sonder le travail de ces auto-traducteurs, nous avons étudié leur traduction non seulement d’un point de vue comparatif, mais aussi du point de vue du paratexte. De plus, nous avons fait une étude sociohistorique des traducteurs, qui s’est avérée utile pour mieux comprendre leur idéologie et surtout qui a mis en lumière leur appartenance à la communauté d’érudits. Pour ce faire, notre cadre théorique s’est appuyé sur deux volets : volet archéologique et volet critique afin de dégager les normes sous-jacentes dans les interventions délibérées. La préface et les nombreuses notes démontrent clairement le projet de traduction des trois auto-traducteurs, qui est celui de « solidifier l’édifice » de l’Administration française. Force est toutefois d’admettre que l’analyse de l’auto-traduction n’a pas décelé des interventions marquées des traducteurs et donc l’analyse de la transcription en dialecte marocain a pris une grande place dans notre recherche. Cependant, la lecture de cette transcription, soit la traduction intralinguistique de l’oral à l’écrit, et la connaissance de ses tenants et aboutissants mettent en lumière le rôle joué par les auto-traductions, effectuées par des traducteurs au service de l’IHEM, qui est celui de façonner l’image du Marocain et de consolider le projet colonial français au Maroc.
The Textes arabes de l’Ouargha (Lévi-Provençal, 1922), the Textes arabes de Rabat (Brunot, 1931) and the Textes arabes des Zaër (Loubignac, 1952), dealing with three regions in Morocco, draw attention to their methodological organization, as well as to their themes. The three works, consisting of an Arab version, a transcription using Latin characters and an annotated translation, provide a portrait of colonial Morocco between 1912 and 1956. Following in the footsteps of Orientalist William Marçais, the three self-translators concerned themselves with Moroccan ethnography in all its facets. To examine the works of these self-translators, we studied their translation not only from a comparative perspective, but also from a paratextual standpoint. In addition, we conducted a socio-historical study of these translators that proved useful to better understand their ideology and above all shed light on their membership in the community of scholars. For this purpose, our theoretical framework was based on both an archaeological component and a critical component in order to identify the norms underlying the translators’ intentional interventions. The preface and numerous notes clearly illustrate the different translation projects, namely, to “strengthen the edifice” of the French administration. Admittedly, our analysis of the self-translations did not reveal significant interventions and, thus, the study of the Moroccan dialect transcription became an important part of my research. A reading of each transcription – an intralinguistic translation from the oral to the written – and a grasp of all its aspects demonstrate that the role of each of the three self-translations, done by translators in the service of the IHEM, was to shape the image of Moroccans and consolidate the French colonial project in Morocco.
Marques, Carlos Alexandre Ferreira. "Influência francesa em África no século XXI: o caso do Níger." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/49563.
Повний текст джерелаA presente dissertação pretende analisar a relação entre a França e o Níger no século XXI. O objetivo principal é verificar qual o grau de influência que a França dispõe atualmente no século XXI no Níger. Procuramos identificar se após mais de 60 anos das independências formais concedidas às suas ex-colónias, a França mantêm algum tipo de influência em território africano. A investigação pretende analisar os meios que o governo francês dispõe para manter ainda a sua influência na zona francófona em África. Apesar de estarmos num mundo cada vez mais globalizado, o que facilita um maior número de alternativas aos países Africanos, estes continuam a priorizar o seu relacionamento com França. Como iremos ver no decorrer desta investigação, a França exerce a sua influência através dos seus meios (políticos económicos, socioculturais, militares) de que dispõem para beneficiar-se economicamente. Esta situação acontece desde 1960 até aos dias de hoje, no entanto, em menor grau que em décadas passadas. A utilização do Franco CFA – única moeda colonial ainda em circulação - por parte das ex-colónias francesas, limita em vários aspetos os países africanos, principalmente no comércio internacional e sobretudo no desenvolvimento económico da nação. Vigoram determinadas regras desde 1945, por parte do Banco Central francês que os países devem cumprir. Apesar das independências concedidas na década de 60 e de estarmos num mundo mais globalizado, a França exerce ainda hoje, no século XXI, uma considerável influência na zona francófona.
The objective of this essay is to analyse the relation between France and Niger during the XX century. The main goal is to see how many influence France has on Niger nowadays in XXI century. We try to see if after 60 years of formal independence give to their ex colonies France still having any influence in this countries/ in African territories. The investigation pretend to analyse the tools that French government has to maintain their influence in the francophone zone in Africa. Even if we are in a world more and more globalize who facilitates the communication with other countries they still prioritising the relation with France. During this essay we will see France influencing these countries through their tools (economic, political, socio-cultural and military) in order to have economical benefits. This situation occurs since 1960 but nowadays is less important than on the past. The utilization of Franc CFA - the only colonial currency in circulation at this moment - by the ex French colonies is a drawback mainly for the international exchanges and above all for the economic development. Some laws by the French central bank still into effect since 1945 and these countries had to follow them. Even after the independencies given in the 60's and being in a globalize world France still having a non-negligible influence in the francophone zone nowadays.