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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 22 червня 2024

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1

Merck, Clinton, Meymune N. Topcu, and William Hirst. "Collective mental time travel: Creating a shared future through our shared past." Memory Studies 9, no. 3 (June 30, 2016): 284–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698016645236.

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We connect two areas of research: psychological research on mental time travel as a way of understanding memory and the interdisciplinary work on collective memory. For individuals, remembering the personal past and imagining the personal future are closely related. We explore whether the link can extend to the collective realm. We review two recent studies that support this hypothesis and outline questions that should be addressed by future research. We conclude by addressing the relations between memory, simulation, and group identity.

2

Michaelian, Kourken, and John Sutton. "Collective mental time travel: remembering the past and imagining the future together." Synthese 196, no. 12 (May 26, 2017): 4933–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1449-1.

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3

Al-Abdullah, Mufeed. "Mental Time Travel in Shakespeare’s Sonnets: Aesthetic Art in Neuropsychological Perspectives." English Language and Literature Studies 10, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v10n1p67.

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This study means to analyze Shakespeare’s use of mental time travel (MTT) in his collection of sonnets, especially those addressed to his young friend. It also hopes to amplify that Shakespeare’s versification of MTT anticipates modern neuropsychological studies on the topic. The article tackles MTT in light of four different premises induced from the sonnets subject to analysis: first, MTT occurs in the sonnets in correlation with objective time; second, the dual constructive and destructive nature of time triggers the need for the memory-based MTT; third, the disparaging effect of time on the poet and the friend’s mother is meant to stimulate the young friend to heed the future of his extraordinary beauty under the strokes of ruthless time; and, fourth, the destructive force of time on non-human beings and natural phenomena provides another stimulus to urge the young friend to heed the dangers of time on his future.

4

Abin Nizar, Aprilian Ihza. "APLIKASI RESERVASI TRAVEL MENGGUNAKAN PAYMENT GATEWAY DI UD LAJU JAYA TOUR AND TRAVEL BERBASIS WEB." JURNAL PILAR TEKNOLOGI Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Ilmu Teknik 8, no. 2 (December 29, 2023): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33319/piltek.v8i2.152.

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The rapid development of information technology in the current era of modernization has changed many humanlifestyles in all fields, both private and government agencies to the general public. Laju Jaya Tour & Travel providestransportation services that are known to be on time in the departure schedule. The problem faced is the lack of departureschedule information which makes consumers do not know the departure schedule. Even ordering tickets is not efficientbecause they still use the recording process. To solve this problem, a Travel Reservation web was created to make it easierfor customers to order tickets. Data collection was carried out by conducting interviews directly related to the object understudy and reviewing the necessary needs. This system was built using the JavaScript programming language and MERNStack technology, namely the Mysql database, the ExpressJs framework on the backend, ReactJs on the frontend and NodeJs. In making this information system using the waterfall method. This system has been tested using blackbox testing to getthe expected results and the system is feasible to use. The system is expected to be able to assist in managing travelreservation data where as long as ticket ordering is still done manually. This system has limited features so that it can bedeveloped to make it even better and is expected to have high performance in terms of its software developmentinfrastructure, so it needs regular development.

5

Pan-ngum, Wirichada, Tassawan Poomchaichote, Giulia Cuman, Phee-Kheng Cheah, Naomi Waithira, Mavuto Mukaka, Bhensri Naemiratch, et al. "Social, ethical and behavioural aspects of COVID-19." Wellcome Open Research 5 (June 25, 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15813.2.

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Introduction: Vaccines and drugs for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 require robust evidence generated from clinical trials before they can be used. Decisions on how to apply non-pharmaceutical interventions such as quarantine, self-isolation, social distancing and travel restrictions should also be based on evidence. There are some experiential and mathematical modelling data for these interventions, but there is a lack of data on the social, ethical and behavioural aspects of these interventions in the literature. Therefore, our study aims to produce evidence to inform (non-pharmaceutical) interventions such as communications, quarantine, self-isolation, social distancing, travel restrictions and other public health measures for the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study will be conducted in the United Kingdom, Italy, Malaysia, Slovenia and Thailand. We propose to conduct 600-1000 quantitative surveys and 25-35 qualitative interviews per country. Data collection will follow the following four themes: (1) Quarantine and self-isolation (2) social distancing and travel restrictions (3) wellbeing and mental health (4) information, misinformation and rumours. In light of limitations of travel and holding in-person meetings, we will primarily use online/remote methods for collecting data. Study participants will be adults who have provided informed consent from different demographic, socio-economic and risk groups. Discussion: At the time of the inception of the study, United Kingdom, Italy, Malaysia, Slovenia and Thailand have initiated strict public health measures and varying degrees of “lockdowns” to curb the pandemic. These public health measures will change in the coming weeks and months depending on the number of cases of COVID-19 in the respective countries. The data generated from our study could inform these strategies in real time.

6

Pan-ngum, Wirichada, Tassawan Poomchaichote, Giulia Cuman, Phee-Kheng Cheah, Naomi Waithira, Mavuto Mukaka, Bhensri Naemiratch, et al. "Social, ethical and behavioural aspects of COVID-19." Wellcome Open Research 5 (May 7, 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15813.1.

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Introduction: Vaccines and drugs for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 require robust evidence generated from clinical trials before they can be used. Decisions on how to apply non-pharmaceutical interventions such as quarantine, self-isolation, social distancing and travel restrictions should also be based on evidence. There are some experiential and mathematical modelling data for these interventions, but there is a lack of data on the social, ethical and behavioural aspects of these interventions in the literature. Therefore, our study aims to produce evidence to inform (non-pharmaceutical) interventions such as communications, quarantine, self-isolation, social distancing, travel restrictions and other public health measures for the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study will be conducted in the United Kingdom, Italy, Malaysia and Thailand. We propose to conduct 600-1000 quantitative surveys and 25-35 qualitative interviews per country. Data collection will follow the following four themes: (1) Quarantine and self-isolation (2) social distancing and travel restrictions (3) wellbeing and mental health (4) information, misinformation and rumours. In light of limitations of travel and holding in-person meetings, we will use online/remote methods for collecting data. Study participant will be adults who have provided informed consent from different demographic, socio-economic and risk groups. Discussion: At the time of writing, United Kingdom, Italy, Malaysia and Thailand have initiated strict public health measures and varying degrees of “lockdowns” to curb the pandemic. It is anticipated that these public health measures will continue in some countries (e.g. Italy, Malaysia) or be tightened further in other countries (e.g. Thailand, UK) to control the spread of the disease in the coming weeks and months. The data generated from our study could inform these strategies in real time.

7

Mach, Leon John. "Surf Tourism in Uncertain Times: Resident Perspectives on the Sustainability Implications of COVID-19." Societies 11, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc11030075.

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Surf tourism is the principal development driver in many coastal communities around the world. Surf tourism development brings economic opportunities to residents in coastal destinations, but has also been criticized for associations with gentrification, pollution, and inequity. While many have speculated that surfers represent a crisis-resistant tourist segment, this had not yet been empirically demonstrated, nor had the sustainability implications of their travel during crises been explored. Building on ethnographic observations and two interview phases with 25 resident surfers in Bocas del Toro, Panama, this is the first study to do both. The findings reveal that the pandemic exacerbated existing sustainability challenges by accelerating development near surf-breaks, fomenting tensions within the surf community (related to surf tourism business operations and the distribution of benefits) and facilitating residents to surf more frequently—exacerbating surf-resource crowding. Evidence also revealed, however, a potential shift in surfers’ collective consciousness in the context of the pandemic, which reduced conflicts between visiting and resident surfers. This paper exposes the urgent need for stakeholders in surf communities, and particularly surf tourism business owners, to cooperate in order to preserve surf experiences that are vital to resident mental/physical health and well-being, as well as the attractiveness as a surf tourism destination.

8

Karanayil, Gayathri, and Sadir Altaan. "Is There a Role for Digital Psychiatry in Older Adults Mental Health Services in the Post Pandemic World?" BJPsych Open 9, S1 (July 2023): S164—S165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2023.436.

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Aims1.To evaluate the clinical practice and documentation of remote patient consultations in memory assessment service during COVID-19 pandemic2.To gather the views of clinicians and patients on the benefits and challenges of remote patient consultations 3.To understand the role of digital psychiatry in our services after the pandemicMethodsAn audit tool and feedback questionnaires for patients and clinicians were completed through discussions and consensus with multidisciplinary team. RCPsych guidance for cognitive assessments was also considered.A random sample of 20 patients was identified who had virtual consultations. Rio clinical records were used for data collection using audit tool.Patients and clinicians were sent questionnairesResultsEvaluation of clinical practiceThe audit demonstrated that all the relevant documentation was completed in vast majority of cases and the clinical practice was not significantly affected by the consultations being carried out virtually. Mental state examination was identified as one aspect which got partially completed in 4 out of 20 assessments during the remote consultationsPatient surveyPatient survey showed that the purpose of the consultation was mostly served by remote appointments. Almost 90% fedback that the communication was clear and they were able to engage freely and effectively with the clinicians. 55% reported preference for face to face meetings in future. 28% preferred remote consultations citing not having to travel as the main reason for their choice. Another benefit identified was relatives who don't live locally could also attend the virtual meetings to support the patients and to offer useful informationClinicians’ surveyFrom clinicians’ perspective, the main advantages were reduced travel time, improved time efficiency, and reduced risk of infection. The main disadvantages were inability to get the full clinical picture compared to face-to-face appointments, technological challenges, and lack of personal touch.43% reported that the job satisfaction has improved from hybrid workingConclusionThere are certainly benefits and advantages for remote consultations from the perspective of both patients and clinicians. While majority of clinicians prefer a combination of remote working and face-to-face consultations, more than half of patients expressed preference for face-to-face appointments. This audit demonstrates that, although remote consultation is not the gold standard method in assessing cognitive functions and dementia diagnosis, it was useful for obtaining most of the relevant information to enable diagnosis and initiating treatment in timely manner. We also found that approximately 437 miles of travelling was prevented because of the possibility of virtual meetings

9

Crossley, Scott, Nicholas D. Duran, YouJin Kim, Tiffany Lester, and Samuel Clark. "The action dynamics of native and non-native speakers of English in processing active and passive sentences." Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 10, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 58–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.17028.cro.

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Abstract This study investigates processing of passive and active constructions between native speakers (NS) and non-native speakers (NNS) of English using traditional on-line mechanisms such as response time in conjunction with techniques that capitalize on the parallel activation of distributed mental representations during online syntactic processing. In the current study, hand motions captured by a mouse-tracking system were used to index listeners’ cognitive processes while making commitments to different choice alternatives during the processing of English passive and active structures. During data collection, 57 NNS and 43 NS carried out an aural forced-choice picture identification task. Data analysis indicated differences and similarities between NS and NNS participants such that NS participants are faster at responding to passive and active stimuli, travel less distance, and make fewer directional changes when compared to NNS participants. However, all participants showed similar trends for passive processing, suggesting comparable difficulties in processing passive constructions.

10

Barkasi, Michael, and Melanie G. Rosen. "Is mental time travel real time travel?" Philosophy and the Mind Sciences 1, no. 1 (May 26, 2020): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33735/phimisci.2020.1.28.

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Episodic memory (memories of the personal past) and prospecting the future (anticipating events) are often described as mental time travel (MTT). While most use this description metaphorically, we argue that episodic memory may allow for MTT in at least some robust sense. While episodic memory experiences may not allow us to literally travel through time, they do afford genuine awareness of past-perceived events. This is in contrast to an alternative view on which episodic memory experiences present past-perceived events as mere intentional contents. Hence, episodic memory is a way of coming into experiential contact with, or being again aware of, what happened in the past. We argue that episodic memory experiences depend on a causal-informational link with the past events being remembered, and that, assuming direct realism about episodic memory experiences, this link suffices for genuine awareness. Since there is no such link in future prospection, a similar argument cannot be used to show that it also affords genuine awareness of future events. Constructivist views of memory might challenge the idea of memory as genuine awareness of remembered events. We explain how our view is consistent with both constructivist and anti-causalist conceptions of memory. There is still room for an interpretation of episodic memory as enabling genuine awareness of past events, even if it involves reconstruction.

11

Ray, Colter D. "The trajectory and determinants of loneliness during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 38, no. 6 (May 12, 2021): 1920–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02654075211016542.

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In March of 2020, state governments in the United States began implementing stay-at-home orders in an attempt to curtail the spread of COVID-19. As a result, most people experienced a decrease in face-to-face interactions as they limited their participation in social gatherings, travel, and in-person work. Although these orders aimed to stop the spread of COVID-19, a potential unintended consequence of these guidelines was an increase in loneliness, which has several negative mental and physical health consequences. The goals of the present study were to investigate the extent that one’s romantic relationship status and living arrangements affected self-reports of loneliness and to track how self-reports of loneliness changed over the span of 1 month following the first stay-at-home orders in the United States. Participants ( N = 311) reported their loneliness at three time points in 2-week intervals. Results showed considerable overlap between living arrangements and romantic relationship status in predicting loneliness; however, it appears that living with another person has a greater protective effect against loneliness compared to relationship status. That is, whereas living with others or being in a romantic relationship both predicted lower loneliness scores, one’s living arrangements accounted for variance in loneliness scores beyond what was accounted for by one’s relationship status. The researcher also explored whether loneliness increased across three time points throughout data collection. Results showed that loneliness levels remained approximately the same across time. An unhypothesized interaction effect did emerge between time and age. Subsequent probing of this interact effects showed that young adults experienced the greatest level of loneliness but this loneliness decreased over the month, whereas older adults experienced less loneliness but experienced a small increase in loneliness over the during this time. Together, these results suggest that certain groups of people were more likely to experience loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic.

12

Levy, Cari, Anne Hale, Emily Galenbeck, and Leah M. Haverhals. "VETCONNECT: A VA TELEHEALTH PROGRAM PROVIDING TREATMENT, EDUCATION AND TRANSITIONS OF CARE TO NURSING HOME VETERANS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S338—S339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1228.

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Abstract Transporting nursing home Veterans to hospitals for outpatient care can present many challenges, including lengthy time in transit, coordination difficulties between the hospital and nursing home, and travel burden on Veterans. In June 2017, the VetConnect program began offering Veterans in Colorado residing in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) contracted Community Nursing Homes (CNHs) and State Veteran Nursing Homes (SVHs) telehealth appointments in Geriatrics, Mental Health, Palliative Care, and Psychiatry via clinicians at the Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center (VAMC). Then in June 2018, VetConnect expanded to offer Virtual Tours for Veterans transitioning out of inpatient care to CNHs the opportunity to virtually tour the CNH, connecting with CNH staff through video for a more stress-free and informed transition from hospital to CNH. In winter 2018, VetConnect expanded once more to include Dementia Educational Outreach Series for CNH and SVH staff, allowing them to connect virtually to VA staff with expertise in dementia care and other Veteran-specific topics such as treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To date, VetConnect has provided 502 telehealth visits, 18 Virtual Tours, and 4 dementia ECHO trainings (with 58 nursing home staff participants). Evaluation measures to be presented include collection and analysis of telehealth nurse field notes (who are present with Veterans at CNHs/SVHs during telehealth visits), creation of process maps, conducting key stakeholder interviews, and identification of potential impacts the VetConnect program has had on VA to CNH and SVH relationships and Veteran health.

13

Levine, Brian, Gary R. Turner, Danielle Tisserand, Stephanie J. Hevenor, Simon J. Graham, and Anthony R. McIntosh. "The Functional Neuroanatomy of Episodic and Semantic Autobiographical Remembering: A Prospective Functional MRI Study." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16, no. 9 (November 2004): 1633–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0898929042568587.

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Autobiographical memory comprises episodic and semantic components mediated by dissociable states of consciousness, one promoting the experience of the self at a specific moment in the past, and the other involving self-knowledge that does not require “mental time travel.” These components can be difficult to dissociate using retrospective autobiographical stimuli collection. In this study, we manipulated the episodic/semantic distinction within prospectively collected autobiographical stimuli. Over several months, participants made recordings documenting specific episodes, repeated episodes, and world knowledge. These recordings were later played back to participants during scanning with functional MRI. The results indicated overlapping but distinct patterns of brain activity corresponding to episodic and semantic autobiographical memory. Both episodic and semantic autobiographical memory engaged the left anteromedial prefrontal cortex associated with self-reference, but the episodic condition did so to a greater degree. The episodic condition uniquely engaged the medial temporal, posterior cingulate, and diencephalic regions associated with remote memory recovery. Whereas the episodic condition engaged the right temporo-parietal cortex involved in reconstruction of spatial context and attentional orienting, the semantic condition engaged the left temporo-parietal and parieto-frontal systems involved in egocentric spatial processing and top-down attentional control. Episodic recollection was also associated with suppression of emotional paralimbic regions. These findings support a functional neuroanatomical dissociation between episodic and semantic autobiographical memory, providing concordance to amnesic syndromes with disproportionate impairment in one of these two forms of autobiographical memory.

14

Ganeri, Jonardon. "Mental Time Travel and Attention." Australasian Philosophical Review 1, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 353–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24740500.2017.1429794.

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15

Suddendorf, Thomas, and Janie Busby. "Mental time travel in animals?" Trends in Cognitive Sciences 7, no. 9 (September 2003): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6613(03)00187-6.

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16

Donaldson, D. I. "MRI of mental time travel." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 3, no. 8 (August 1999): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6613(99)01367-4.

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17

Aranyosi, István. "Mental Time Travel and Disjunctivism." Review of Philosophy and Psychology 11, no. 2 (March 10, 2020): 367–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13164-020-00467-9.

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18

Winfield, Hannah, and Sunjeev K. Kamboj. "Schizotypy and mental time travel." Consciousness and Cognition 19, no. 1 (March 2010): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2009.11.011.

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19

Cheke, Lucy G., and Nicola S. Clayton. "Mental time travel in animals." Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science 1, no. 6 (September 13, 2010): 915–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcs.59.

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20

Blake, David, and John Pickles. "Mental Time Travel and Retirement Savings." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 12 (December 3, 2021): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14120581.

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We portray the valuation of retirement savings in terms of a mental time travel journey in which a proposed contribution to a pension plan is projected forward to the plan member’s retirement date and this projected value is then discounted back to today, thereby giving a present or personal value. We set this within a broader framework of pension planning, which seeks to smooth consumption over the lifecycle. We explain how two psychological biases—exponential growth bias and present bias—can lead to a difference between the initial value of a pension contribution and its present value, such a difference reflecting an asymmetry between projection and discounting, and how such a difference might lead to inadequate retirement savings and hence to a lower than desired standard of living in retirement. We consider how the two biases might be mitigated.

21

Dias, Álvaro Machado, and Luiz R. G. Britto. "Consciousness minus retrospective mental time travel." Cognitive Neuroscience 1, no. 3 (August 18, 2010): 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2010.497583.

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22

León, Felipe. "Mental Time Travel and Joint Reminiscing." Australasian Philosophical Review 1, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24740500.2017.1411145.

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23

Corballis, Michael C. "Mental time travel, language, and evolution." Neuropsychologia 134 (November 2019): 107202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107202.

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24

Polyn, Sean M., and Per B. Sederberg. "Brain rhythms in mental time travel." NeuroImage 85 (January 2014): 678–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.06.084.

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25

Brüne, Martin, and Ute Brüne-Cohrs. "The costs of mental time travel." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, no. 3 (June 2007): 317–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07002026.

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AbstractA species like ours, whose life critically depends on the ability to foresee, plan, and shape future events, is vulnerable to dysfunction if any one facet contributing to what Suddendorf & Corballis (S&C) call “mental time travel” (MTT) is affected by disease. Although the authors mention brain pathology as a potential cause of disturbed MTT, they fail to explore psychopathological syndromes as a source to better understand the significance of MTT for normal functioning and adaptive behaviour.

26

D'Argembeau, Arnaud, and Martial Van der Linden. "Emotional aspects of mental time travel." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, no. 3 (June 2007): 320–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07002051.

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AbstractWe consider three possible reasons why humans might accord a privileged status to emotional information when mentally traveling backward or forward in time. First, mental simulation of emotional situations helps one to make adaptive decisions. Second, it can serve an emotion regulation function. Third, it helps people to construct and maintain a positive view of the self.

27

Raby, Caroline, Dean Alexis, Anthony Dickinson, and Nicola Clayton. "Empirical evaluation of mental time travel." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, no. 3 (June 2007): 330–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07002166.

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AbstractAlthough the mental time travel (MTT) hypothesis provides a rich, conceptual framework, the absence of clear, empirically tractable, behavioural criteria for determining the capacity for MTT restricts its usefulness in comparative research. Examples of empirical criteria for evaluating MTT in animals are given. We also question the authors' evaluation of semantic foresight and their even-handedness in assessing human and nonhuman behaviour.

28

Boyer, Pascal. "Evolutionary economics of mental time travel?" Trends in Cognitive Sciences 12, no. 6 (June 2008): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2008.03.003.

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29

Suddendorf, Thomas. "Mental time travel: continuities and discontinuities." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 17, no. 4 (April 2013): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.01.011.

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30

Walsh, E., J. Busby Grant, and J. Brinker. "Methodological advances regarding mental time travel." Personality and Individual Differences 60 (April 2014): S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.082.

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31

Miles, Amanda. "Cuing methodologies in mental time travel." Nordic Psychology 65, no. 2 (June 2013): 120–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19012276.2013.807660.

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32

Sant’Anna, André, Kourken Michaelian, and Denis Perrin. "Editorial: Memory as Mental Time Travel." Review of Philosophy and Psychology 11, no. 2 (June 2020): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13164-020-00484-8.

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33

Xu, Yanyan, and Marta C. González. "Collective benefits in traffic during mega events via the use of information technologies." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, no. 129 (April 2017): 20161041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.1041.

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Information technologies today can inform each of us about the route with the shortest time, but they do not contain incentives to manage travellers such that we all get collective benefits in travel times. To that end we need travel demand estimates and target strategies to reduce the traffic volume from the congested roads during peak hours in a feasible way. During large events, the traffic inconveniences in large cities are unusually high, yet temporary, and the entire population may be more willing to adopt collective recommendations for collective benefits in traffic. In this paper, we integrate, for the first time, big data resources to estimate the impact of events on traffic and propose target strategies for collective good at the urban scale. In the context of the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, we first predict the expected increase in traffic. To that end, we integrate data from mobile phones, Airbnb, Waze and transit information, with game schedules and expected attendance in each venue. Next, we evaluate different route choice scenarios for drivers during the peak hours. Finally, we gather information on the trips that contribute the most to the global congestion which could be redirected from vehicles to transit. Interestingly, we show that (i) following new route alternatives during the event with individual shortest times can save more collective travel time than keeping the routine routes used before the event, uncovering the positive value of information technologies during events; (ii) with only a small proportion of people selected from specific areas switching from driving to public transport, the collective travel time can be reduced to a great extent. Results are presented online for evaluation by the public and policymakers ( www.flows-rio2016.com (last accessed 3 September 2017)).

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Coelho, Sara, Manuela Guerreiro, Catarina Chester, Dina Silva, João Maroco, Fabio Paglieri, and Alexandre de Mendonça. "Mental time travel in mild cognitive impairment." Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 41, no. 8 (July 2019): 845–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2019.1632269.

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Roberts, William A., and Miranda C. Feeney. "The comparative study of mental time travel." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 13, no. 6 (June 2009): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2009.03.003.

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Vierra, Andrew. "Psychopathy, Mental Time Travel, and Legal Responsibility." Neuroethics 9, no. 2 (November 9, 2015): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12152-015-9243-6.

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Shao, Yi, Xiang Yao, Stephen J. Ceci, and Qi Wang. "Does the self drive mental time travel?" Memory 18, no. 8 (November 2010): 855–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2010.514272.

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Fernández, Jordi. "Self-Referential Memory and Mental Time Travel." Review of Philosophy and Psychology 11, no. 2 (November 20, 2019): 283–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13164-019-00453-w.

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Stins, John, Laura Habets, Rowie Jongeling, and Rouwen Cañal-Bruland. "Being (un)moved by mental time travel." Consciousness and Cognition 42 (May 2016): 374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2016.04.014.

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Roberts, William A. "Mental Time Travel: Animals Anticipate the Future." Current Biology 17, no. 11 (June 2007): R418—R420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2007.04.010.

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41

Craver, Carl F., Florian Cova, Leonard Green, Joel Myerson, R. Shayna Rosenbaum, Donna Kwan, and Sacha Bourgeois-Gironde. "An Allais paradox without mental time travel." Hippocampus 24, no. 11 (July 11, 2014): 1375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22318.

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42

Gauthier, Baptiste, and Virginie van Wassenhove. "Cognitive mapping in mental time travel and mental space navigation." Cognition 154 (September 2016): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2016.05.015.

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Clayton, Nicola, and Clive Wilkins. "Memory, mental time travel and The Moustachio Quartet." Interface Focus 7, no. 3 (April 21, 2017): 20160112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2016.0112.

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Mental time travel allows us to revisit our memories and imagine future scenarios, and this is why memories are not only about the past, but they are also prospective. These episodic memories are not a fixed store of what happened, however, they are reassessed each time they are revisited and depend on the sequence in which events unfold. In this paper, we shall explore the complex relationships between memory and human experience, including through a series of novels ‘The Moustachio Quartet’ that can be read in any order. To do so, we shall integrate evidences from science and the arts to explore the subjective nature of memory and mental time travel, and argue that it has evolved primarily for prospection as opposed to retrospection. Furthermore, we shall question the notion that mental time travel is a uniquely human construct, and argue that some of the best evidence for the evolution of mental time travel comes from our distantly related cousins, the corvids, that cache food for the future and rely on long-lasting and highly accurate memories of what, where and when they stored their stashes of food.

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von Petersdorff, Friedrich. "Aspects of Mental Time Travel Within Historical Research." Australasian Philosophical Review 1, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 444–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24740500.2017.1411146.

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Ganeri, Jonardon. "Mental Time Travel and Attention: Replies to Commentators." Australasian Philosophical Review 1, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 450–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24740500.2017.1428880.

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Anelli, Filomena, Elisa Ciaramelli, Shahar Arzy, and Francesca Frassinetti. "Age-Related Effects on Future Mental Time Travel." Neural Plasticity 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1867270.

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Mental time travel (MTT), the ability to travel mentally back and forward in time in order to reexperience past events and preexperience future events, is crucial in human cognition. As we move along life, MTT may be changed accordingly. However, the relation between re- and preexperiencing along the lifespan is still not clear. Here, young and older adults underwent a psychophysical paradigm assessing two different components of MTT: self-projection, which is the ability to project the self towards a past or a future location of the mental time line, and self-reference, which is the ability to determine whether events are located in the past or future in reference to that given self-location. Aged individuals performed worse in both self-projection to the future and self-reference to future events compared to young individuals. In addition, aging decreased older adults’ preference for personal compared to nonpersonal events. These results demonstrate the impact of MTT and self-processing on subjective time processing in healthy aging. Changes in memory functions in aged people may therefore be related not only to memory per se, but also to the relations of memory and self.

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Hegdé, Jay. "Mental time travel sickness and a Bayesian remedy." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, no. 3 (June 2007): 323–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07002099.

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AbstractMental time travel is a principled, but a narrow and computationally limiting, implementation of foresight. Future events can be predicted with sufficient specificity without having to have episodic memory of specific past events. Bayesian estimation theory provides a framework by which one can make predictions about specific future events by combining information about various generic patterns in the past experience.

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Mesoudi, Alex. "Has mental time travel really affected human culture?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, no. 3 (June 2007): 326–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07002129.

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AbstractSuddendorf & Corballis (S&C) claim that mental time travel has significantly affected human cultural change. This echoes a common criticism of theories of Darwinian cultural evolution: that, whereas evolution is blind, culture is directed by people who can foresee and plan for future events. Here I argue that such a claim is premature, and more rigorous tests of S&C's claim are needed.

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Corballis, Michael C. "Mental time travel: a case for evolutionary continuity." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 17, no. 1 (January 2013): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2012.10.009.

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Corballis, Michael C. "Mental time travel and the shaping of language." Experimental Brain Research 192, no. 3 (July 19, 2008): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-008-1491-9.

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