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Статті в журналах з теми "Collaboration Horizontale":
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Huang, Yuan, Weixi Han, and Douglas K. Macbeth. "The complexity of collaboration in supply chain networks." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 25, no. 3 (January 8, 2020): 393–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-11-2018-0382.
Анотація:
Purpose This paper aims to investigate the complexity of collaborations in supply chain networks, particularly the influence of horizontal collaborations (e.g. international joint ventures) on vertical collaborations (e.g. supplier–manufacturer partnering relationships). Design/methodology/approach A multiple case study including four horizontal collaborations and five vertical collaborations within a supply chain network is presented in the context of the Chinese automotive industry. Data interpretation from interviews is structured by key collaborative activities and collaborative behaviors. Findings The analysis highlights a variety of collaborative behaviors under different types of collaboration and their interaction. The complexity of collaboration is revealed in a range of dimensions including culture diversity, drivers/facilitators, competitive/collaborative advantages and the engagement of all. Collaboration evolves as the structure of the supply chain changes; the key is to appreciate the existence of cooperation, competition and culture conflicts and to manage the trade-offs. Research limitations/implications A window of opportunity is presented for future research to investigate the complexity of supply chain collaboration in a wider industrial or geographical context, including statistical validation and comparative analysis. Practical implications A contingent view on supply chain collaboration is promoted to practitioners (e.g. international supply chain managers), where collaborative activities should be aligned with the motive and type of business relationships which may change as collaboration develops. Originality/value A rare empirical study captures the complexity of supply chain collaboration including the interaction between different forms. A dynamic collaboration approach recognizes the changing process, varying cooperation behaviors as well as characteristics of partners which have not been sufficiently reflected in the literature.
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Benstead, Amy V., Linda C. Hendry, and Mark Stevenson. "Horizontal collaboration in response to modern slavery legislation." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 38, no. 12 (December 3, 2018): 2286–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-10-2017-0611.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how horizontal collaboration aids organisations in responding to modern slavery legislation and in gaining a socially sustainable competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach Action research has been conducted in the textiles and fashion industry and a relational perspective adopted to interpret five collaborative initiatives taken to tackle modern slavery (e.g. joint training and supplier audits). The primary engagement has been with a multi-billion pound turnover company and its collaborations with 35 brands/retailers. A non-government organisation and a trade body have also participated. Findings Successful horizontal collaboration is dependent on both relational capital and effective (formal and informal) governance mechanisms. In collaborating, firms have generated relational rents and reduced costs creating a socially sustainable competitive advantage, as suggested by the relational perspective. Yet, limits to horizontal collaboration also exist. Research limitations/implications The focus is on one industry only, hence there is scope to extend the study to other industries or forms of collaboration taking place across industries. Practical implications Successful horizontal collaborative relationships rely on actors having a similar mindset and being able to decouple the commercial and sustainability agendas, especially when direct competitors are involved. Further, working with non-business actors can facilitate collaboration and provide knowledge and resources important for overcoming the uncertainty that is manifest when responding to new legislation. Social implications Social sustainability improvements aim to enhance ethical trade and benefit vulnerable workers. Originality/value Prior literature has focussed on vertical collaboration with few prior studies of horizontal collaboration, particularly in a socially sustainable supply chain context. Moreover, there has been limited research into modern slavery from a supply chain perspective. Both successful and unsuccessful initiatives are studied, providing insights into (in)effective collaboration.
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Leuprecht, Christian, and Todd Hataley. "Sûreté, sécurité civile et mesures d’urgence au sein du système canadien de gouvernance multiniveau." Télescope 19, no. 1 (July 15, 2013): 176–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017157ar.
Анотація:
Dans la panoplie de mécanismes de l’appareil gouvernemental moderne, aucune relation n’est plus semée d’embûches que celle qui existe entre le gouvernement et la société qu’il faut protéger à la fois des menaces extérieures et des troubles internes. La différenciation horizontale et verticale de diverses valeurs collectives, préférences et intérêts a donné lieu à une décentralisation asymétrique qui est le propre de la gouvernance multiniveau des mesures de sécurité, de protection civile et d’urgence au Canada. Cet article trace l’évolution constitutionnelle du système à travers les trois ordres de gouvernement et illustre son fonctionnement à l’aide de deux études de cas. L’effet de décentralisation et d’asymétrie et le désalignement constitutionnel entre les premiers intervenants aux niveaux municipal et provincial par rapport à la capacité d’intervention du fédéral rendent indispensable la collaboration entre les divers paliers.
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VERNY, Jérôme, Ouail OULMAKKI, and Marc DURAND. "Chaîne logistique des PMEs de la sous-traitance électronique : comment améliorer les process logistiques grâce aux technologies digitales ?" Revue Française de Gestion Industrielle 37, no. 2 (June 27, 2023): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.53102/2023.37.02.952.
Анотація:
L’industrie 4.0 ne cesse pas de se développer au sein de l’industrie mondiale alors que les petites et moyennes entreprise (PMEs) de sous-traitance électronique (EMS) françaises ont accumulé du retard sur la digitalisation de leurs processus supply chain. Souffrant d’une demande client très volatile et d’une importante valorisation de stock, elles n’avaient pas les ressources nécessaires pour mettre en place des outils facilitant la gestion de leur chaîne logistique. Quel sont les outils permettant de gérer au mieux la visibilité de la chaîne logistique des EMS ? L’arrivée des outils de pilotage intelligent, plus flexibles et moins coûteux est une opportunité pour ces PMEs de rattraper le retard accumulé. Disposant pour la plupart, de machines de production récentes, elles ont, grâce à l’internet des objets (IoT), la possibilité de lier leurs machines à de nouveaux systèmes d’informations pour pouvoir cartographier les flux et remonter de l’information dans le but d’optimiser la visibilité de leur chaîne logistique. De plus, les possibilités apportées par une récupération fiable de leurs données leur permettraient d’évoluer dans un environnement de collaboration horizontale et verticale dans le but de renforcer la place des PMEs dans cette industrie nouvelle. Dans cet article, nous tentons d’identifier l’apport des nouvelles technologies digitales à la chaine logistique des EMS, puis, de démontrer comment la collaboration-digitalisation-big-data constituent aujourd’hui les nouveaux paradigmes de la logistique et de l’industrie 4.0 à l’ère du digital.
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Pomponi, Francesco, Luciano Fratocchi, and Silvia Rossi Tafuri. "Trust development and horizontal collaboration in logistics: a theory based evolutionary framework." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 20, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-02-2014-0078.
Анотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this article is to provide academicians and practitioners alike with a theory-based framework regarding horizontal collaboration in logistics. The proposed tool is based on an incremental perspective, according to two main dimensions: mutual trust among partners and the extent of the cooperation. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a “synthesising” approach to gauge potential contributions previously spread across different streams of research and disciplines that are now integrated into the framework. We conduct a deep literature review to characterise the horizontal collaboration phenomenon along two levels of analysis. In doing so, we examined relevant literature in the field of horizontal cooperation in logistics to critically appraise aims of, impediments to and existing models for horizontal collaboration. Additionally, we reviewed seminal literature of four organisational theories to assess their potential to contribute to the theoretical foundations of the growing topic of horizontal collaboration. Transaction Cost Economics, Social Exchange, Resource Dependence and Social Dilemma represent the theoretical foundations to cast light to how to design and implement inter-organisational horizontal initiatives. Findings – The proposed tool organises horizontal collaborations within three steps for each of the two levels of classification: trust and extent of the cooperation. The organisational theories reviewed play different roles to help in different stages of the horizontal collaboration. Additionally, for each combination of trust/extent of the cooperation coherent pairs of aims of the collaboration and assets that are to be shared are defined. Research limitations/implications – The article represents the first attempt to analyse horizontal collaboration from within the discipline itself and from the wider field of SCM through other well-established theoretical lenses. The proposed tool has shed some light into the black box of (un)successful horizontal collaboration, but it is theory based – which represents its main limitations – thus, requiring further testing of the research streams suggested in the paper. Practical implications – The article not only gives insights into theoretical challenges of horizontal collaborations that needs further investigation but is also useful to companies involved in horizontal collaborations by helping define coherent assets that are to be shared to achieve specific goals. In its more theoretical underpinning, the framework can also inspire the partnership philosophy and help sketch a collaborative evolutionary path. Originality/value – The lack of a theoretically robust landmark that could help understand, design and implement horizontal collaborations has been defined as a major theoretical and practical shortcoming. The article represents the first contribution aimed at filling that gap.
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Zetzmann, Stefan, and Karl Fein. "The Missed Chance to Cut Logistics Costs." International Journal of Applied Logistics 7, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijal.2017010101.
Анотація:
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the current characteristics of the distribution logistics sector, assess the current status of logistic collaborations, as well as the readiness of the industry for horizontal shipper collaboration. Reviewed case studies prove that these collaborations can cut logistics costs. The data was collected from 158 shippers via an online survey. The research uses structural empirical methods to analyse the data. Practical case studies show the benefits of horizontal shipper collaboration. The focus of the research is to identify the current status of collaborations in distribution logistics and show with case studies that horizontal shipper collaboration is possible. Even though supply chain collaboration is widely discussed in the literature, it does not address horizontal shipper collaboration in distribution logistics adequately. The results educate managers to understand that horizontal shipper collaboration is an effective alternative to cut costs in distribution logistics.
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Buijs, Paul, and J. C. (“Hans”) Wortmann. "Joint operational decision-making in collaborative transportation networks: the role of IT." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 19, no. 2 (March 4, 2014): 200–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-08-2013-0298.
Анотація:
Purpose – This paper addresses horizontal supply chain collaboration among autonomous freight carriers in the less-than-truckload industry. The main purpose of the paper is to identify and explain the challenges with joint operational decision-making in this context and investigate the precise role of information technology (IT) therein. Design/methodology/approach – Empirical evidence is gathered by means of exploratory and explanatory case research, with multiple cases at the planning departments of European freight carriers operating in collaborative transportation networks. Findings – Collaborating carriers face fundamental challenges in joint operational planning and control of collaborative transportation, despite the broad availability of state-of-the-art IT. These operational supply chain challenges can be explained by technological differences of the available IT applications, which hinder integration. Research limitations/implications – Any expectations with regard to state-of-the-art XML or EDI-based IT integration for improved joint operational decision-making in collaborative transportation networks should be considered with care. In particular, the authors' research findings may encourage practitioners to consider new planning and control procedures and develop dedicated IT applications for collaborating freight carriers. Originality/value – The paper highlights the importance of horizontal supply chain collaboration for small and medium-sized freight carriers in the less-than-truckload industry and conceptualises how collaborative transportation networks are organised. Furthermore, an IT typology is introduced to explain the challenges with joint operational decision-making.
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Deak, Alexander, and Carlo P. Marinello. "Utilisation des logiciels CAO-FAO pour prothèses complètes." SWISS DENTAL JOURNAL SSO – Science and Clinical Topics 125, no. 6 (June 15, 2015): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.61872/sdj-2015-06-06.
Анотація:
La fabrication de prothèses totales avec la tech- nique de pressage classique nécessite plusieurs séances cliniques et la collaboration du techni- cien dentaire. En revanche, la réalisation de pro- thèses totales fraisées en utilisant la technologie de numérisation («scannage») est en mesure de simplifier grandement le travail clinique ainsi que le travail technique au laboratoire dentaire. Le but de cette contribution est de présenter étape par étape une nouvelle procédure (AvaDent®, Global Dental Science, Scottsdale), qui permet la réalisation de prothèses totales en deux séances seule- ment. Pour ce faire, la prise d’empreinte définitive des maxillaires est réalisée lors de la première séance, de même que la détermination de la dimension verticale et horizontale au moyen de l’enregistrement de l’arc gothique par stylet scripteur, ainsi que la détermination de la position esthétique et fonctionnelle des dents antérieures (ligne médiane, contour des bords incisifs, taille des incisives). Les prothèses sont insérées en bouche au cours de la deuxième séance. La technique permet la modélisation virtuelle totale et le fraisage d’une prothèse complète, sans modèles en plâtre et sans mise en moufle dis- pendieuse ni bourrage de la résine au laboratoire dentaire. Ce système permet donc la réalisation hautement efficiente de prothèses totales amovibles de haute qualité pour le patient édenté. Nous présentons ci-dessous une évaluation critique de ce procédé du point de vue de l’utilisateur.
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Hu, Jiale, Yan Yang, Michael D. Fallacaro, Brenda Wands, Suzanne Wright, Yiyan Zhou, and Hong Ruan. "Building an International Partnership to Develop Advanced Practice Nurses in Anesthesia Settings: Using a Theory-Driven Approach." Journal of Transcultural Nursing 30, no. 5 (May 6, 2019): 521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659619846248.
Анотація:
The International Federation of Nurse Anesthetists is calling for international collaboration to develop advanced nursing practice in anesthesia settings globally. However, international collaboration is challenging. Limited information is available about what process and factors specifically lead to a successful international collaboration partnership. This article aimed to describe a theoretical and empirical base that can be used to build and maintain long-term international partnerships. The Theoretical Framework of Developing International Partnerships was developed, which comprises seven interrelated concepts including partnerships, collaborations, environment, structure, process for collaborating, outcomes, and sustainability. It was used to guide an equitable horizontal collaboration partnership to develop anesthesia nursing care in local culture and context. Five major challenges were identified during the collaboration process. Sixty-six strategies were developed to facilitate collaboration using the theoretical framework. This work can inform others in establishing an international collaboration and partnership in advancing nursing knowledge and culturally congruent health care delivery.
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Melander, Lisa, and Ala Pazirandeh. "Collaboration beyond the supply network for green innovation: insight from 11 cases." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 24, no. 4 (June 11, 2019): 509–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-08-2018-0285.
Анотація:
PurposeThis paper aims to explore the how, why, who and what of collaborations in green innovation.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on 11 case studies conducted at high-technological firms where 30 top management representatives were interviewed.FindingsThe study shows that firms share knowledge on green innovation across industries through horizontal collaborations and their extended network, such as their suppliers’ and customer’s networks in other industries. The results also show that digitalization, connectivity and big data are considered important vessels to improve environmental sustainability, as firms believe that these technologies will result in large gains related to resource utilization. Finally, the firms in this study engaged to a wide extent in green innovation activities, which resulted in a variety of improved resource utilization related to energy efficiency, new materials, new technologies, limiting emissions and recycle management.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper contributes to the literature by showing that firms share knowledge on green innovation not only within their network but also across industries through horizontal collaborations and their extended network.Practical implicationsThe study points to the complexity of collaborating on green innovation. The authors show the importance of digitalization to improving environmental sustainability, with managers needing to develop business models and finding collaboration partners that can facilitate the transformation towards more connected products and services.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the field of supply network collaboration by studying how firms collaborate to improve environmental sustainability.
Дисертації з теми "Collaboration Horizontale":
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Xu, Xiaozhou. "Mécanisme de collaboration dans la collaboration logistique horizontale." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00957302.
Анотація:
À cause des stratégies de production et de marketing de plus en plus ambitieuses tellesque le Juste-À-Temps et la production adaptée au client, les approches de collaboration logistique verticale qui sont courantes atteignent une limite d'efficacité notamment en transport. La collaboration logistique horizontale (CLH) et plus particulièrement la mutualisation, dont l'efficacité a été prouvée dans la littérature et dans les cas réels, a attiré l'attention des chercheurs ainsi que des praticiens. Cependatn, un des obstacles principaux à la mise en œuvre des CLHs est l'absence d'un mécanisme de collaboration raisonné, en particulier un mécanisme de partage des gains. Nous identifions deux formes d'organisation des CLHs : centralisée limité en pratique à de petites coalitions et décentralisée pouvant comprendre de nombreux participants. Pour des CLHs centralisées, nous proposons un modèle de collaboration qui est un processus de conduite qui intègre les outils d'aide à la décision. Nous développons également un mécanisme de partage par la théorie des jeux. Ce mécanisme est applicable aux différentes catégories des CLHs centralisées, qui peuvent être modélisées par des jeux coopératifs super-additif et non-super-additifs. Afin de proposer un plan de partage crédible aux collaborateurs, ce mécanisme de partage prend en compte la contribution de chacun des collaborateurs, la stabilité de la coalition et leur pouvoir de négociation. Ce cadre est illustré par des exemples numériques issus de cas logistiques. Pour la mise en œuvre des CLHs décentralisées, nous proposons un cadre de travail de logistique collaborative qui est ouvert aux participants potentiels, et avons conçu des protocoles fondés sur le mécanisme d'enchère combinatoire, qui spécifient l'allocation de demande de livraison et la détermination de paiement pour faciliter les collaborations. Cette dernière partie s'appuie sur la théorie dite de Mechanism design.
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Winkelhaus, Mario. "Strategische Positionierung von horizontalen Distributionslogistikkooperationen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-203973.
Анотація:
Seit einiger Zeit kann zunehmend die Bildung von Unternehmensnetzwerken und Kooperationen beobachtet werden. Diese Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit horizontalen Logistikkooperationen. Hierbei streben Unternehmen die Erzielung von Größen- und Verbundeffekte mit Unternehmen auf der gleichen Wertschöpfungsstufe an.
In der Arbeit wird ein strukturiertes Vorgehensmodell entwickelt, welches Unternehmen bei der Entscheidungsfindung für oder gegen eine horizontale Kooperation unterstützt. Dazu zerlegt der Autor den Prozess der Kooperationsetablierung in einzelne Teilphasen, die er sowohl mit empirischen Erkenntnissen aus der Erfolgsfaktorenforschung als auch mit Methoden zur Bearbeitung dieser Phasen verknüpft. Dabei werden die Partnerauswahl und der Synergieermittlung ganzheitlich analysiert und zu einem klaren Vorgehensmodell ausgearbeitet.
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Mrabti, Nassim. "Contribution à l'optimisation de la distribution collaborative avec partage de gains sous critères de durabilité." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AMIE0072.
Анотація:
Les préoccupations liées au développement durable influencent de plus en plus le comportement des clients ainsi que les stratégies des entreprises. Ainsi, l'optimisation des réseaux de distribution par la collaboration horizontale devient une nécessité. Après une analyse exhaustive de la littérature, nous avons constaté que la plupart des travaux proposant des approches quantitatives abordent le niveau de décision opérationnelle par le biais de l'optimisation de la planification du transport. Par conséquent, nous traitons dans cette thèse les deux niveaux de décision : stratégique et tactique. Le premier niveau est étudié à travers le problème de conception des réseaux de distribution collaboratifs, tandis que le deuxième niveau s'intéresse au problème de répartition des coûts et des émissions de CO2. En outre, nous pensons que réduire tous les aspects de la durabilité en un seul objectif n'est pas recommandé. Dans ce contexte, nous abordons les deux problèmes en tenant compte de la durabilité économique, environnementale et sociale. Nous proposons des modèles mathématiques pour concevoir des réseaux de distribution à deux et à trois échelons. Par ailleurs, l'implication des indicateurs de durabilité lors du partage des bénéfices permet de récompenser les partenaires qui participent au mieux à la durabilité. Dans ce contexte, nous avons développé deux approches qui utilisent les niveaux de durabilité et de flexibilité de chaque partenaire dans le but de répartir d'une manière équitable les bénéfices de la collaboration. D'autre part, plusieurs scénarios sont comparés sur la base des indicateurs proposés. Au niveau de la résolution des modèles mathématiques, l'optimisation mono-objectif est effectuée d'une façon exacte et en utilisant l'algorithme génétique et le recuit simulé, tandis que l'optimisation multi-objectif est réalisée par la méthode ε-contrainte et le NSGA-II. Les résultats et les analyses obtenus montrent que la collaboration offre toujours une meilleure performance par rapport à la non-collaboration sur tous les niveaux de durabilité. Plusieurs décisions managériales sont présentées pour appliquer correctement la collaboration horizontale et améliorer davantage sa performance en termes de durabilitéSustainability issues are increasingly influencing customer behavior and corporate strategy. Consequently, the optimization of distribution networks through horizontal collaboration is becoming a necessity. After a comprehensive review of the literature, we found that most studies proposing quantitative approaches address the operational decision level through the optimization of transport planning. Therefore, in this thesis we deal with both strategic and tactical decision levels. The first level is studied by the collaborative distribution network design problem, while the second level is studied by the cost and CO2 emission allocation problem. Furthermore, we believe that reducing all sustainability dimensions to a single objective is not desirable. In this context, we address both problems by taking into account economic, environmental and social sustainability. We have developed mathematical models to design two- and three-echelon distribution networks. In addition, the inclusion of sustainability indicators in the profit-sharing process makes it possible to reward partners who best contribute to sustainability. In this context, we have developed two approaches that use the levels of sustainability and flexibility of each partner in order to distribute the benefits of the collaboration in a fair way. Furthermore, several scenarios are compared on the basis of the proposed indicators. Regarding the resolution of the mathematical models, the single-objective optimization is carried out in an exact way and by using the genetic algorithm and the simulated annealing, while the multi-objective optimization is carried out by the ε-constraint method and the NSGA-II. The results and analyses obtained show that collaboration always provides better performance compared to non-collaboration on all sustainability levels. Several managerial decisions are presented to properly apply horizontal collaboration and further improve its sustainability performance
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Zutz, Aaron Charles. "Web-based collaboration in horizontal construction." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2010. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1476361.
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FONTANA, Dario. "Horizontal arc routing collaboration: models and algorithms." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/61852.
Анотація:
In this work, we investigate horizontal collaboration, mainly on road transportation, among different companies, carriers and shippers.
Background motivations are: a still prevalent way of moving around goods in different parts of the world,
an increasing pressure on logistic providers and an higher customer expectations about requested service.
Therefore, we examine the existing literature on horizontal collaboration classifying different models and techniques used. An extensive literature review about these problems is given.
We study profit, benefit and cost allocation procedures in order to better investigate the impact and the effectiveness of collaboration for the collecting of profits and the cutting of costs.
Then, we develop a new profitable arc routing model to address a centralized partial cooperation among multiple carriers.
We study two different formulations of this problem taking into account the impact of collaboration on the stand alone carrier profit.
In the first one the goal is the maximization of the total profit of the coalition of carriers, independently of the individual profit of each carrier.
The second variant includes a lower bound on the individual profit of each carrier.
We formulate mixed integer programming models for the two variants of the problem and study their properties and their relations with well-known arc routing problems.
We solve them with a branch-and-cut algorithm and quantify the impact of collaboration on a large set of instances.
Finally, we develope two metaheuristic solution methods based on a Large Neighborhood Search and a Ruin and Repair heuristic framework. On one hand, we have a Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS), on the other hand, we have an Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS).
Both metaheuristics perform very well on a large set of instances solving almost all of them within few seconds.
Moreover, both find feasible solutions on larger and more realistic instances within few minutes.
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Zhu, Jie. "Logistics horizontal collaboration : an agent-based simulation approach to model collaboration dynamics." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2017. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/86456/.
Анотація:
Underutilized capacity, long shipping lead time, high cost and lack of sufficient scale are examples of logistics inefficiencies that have troubled many supply chain operations. Logistics horizontal collaboration (LHC) is believed to be an innovative approach to tackle the increasing logistics challenges. This kind of collaborative logistics is quickly gaining momentum in practice but relevant contributions in literature are scarce. So far it remains unclear how LHC could be structured and operated given the limited understanding of the various characteristics and forms of LHC between companies. Furthermore, the explicit impact of LHC on the participating partners, as well as on the supply chain system is understudied. Very few studies have explored the process of collaboration and how it links to performance behaviours. Case studies and Agent-Based Simulation are employed in this thesis to study the research gaps identified above. Case studies are initially conducted to examine the key elements which can support the design of LHC, and to make a classification of models for collaboration. These are followed by Agent-Based Simulation to model a typical collaboration process and work out what benefits would emerge if participating in horizontal collaboration and how the collaboration can produce the impacts on the supply chain operations for individuals and the system as a whole. The case studies suggest that “collaboration structures”, “collaboration objectives”, “collaboration intensity”, and “collaboration modes” are the four key elements critical to the design of a LHC project. Each element represents an important aspect of the collaboration and exhibits different characteristics and forms. Based on these key elements, several typologies are derived which together provide a comprehensive view to explain the different types of LHC in practice. The simulation modelling demonstrates that LHC can significantly benefit the logistics efficiency in terms of capacity utilization and customer service in the sense of order fill-rate, and such beneficial effects are consistently observed in different supply chain environments. In particular, LHC can produce better logistics performance in a relationship-based supply chain network where downstream customers can support upstream shippers with more stable and predictable demand. On the other hand, information sharing in the collaboration, for the most part, does not facilitate the higher collaboration gains for partners. Specifically, sharing either the demand or supply information in the horizontal collaboration is not helpful in increasing collaboration gains. Hence there is a difference for the value of information sharing in the context of horizontal collaboration as opposed to vertical collaboration, the latter of which is often justified as providing more beneficial gains. The research findings provide insights for practitioners and scholars about how to develop a type of collaboration project or study, as well as enabling a better understanding of the dynamic collaboration effects.
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Roesch, Robert Steven. "Transportation Service Provider Collaboration Problem: Potential Benefits and Solution Approaches." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/84897.
Анотація:
Truck-based freight transportation continues to play a vital role in the delivery of goods in the United States. Despite its size and importance, the truck transportation industry continues to struggle with fulfilling transportation requests in an efficient and sustainable manner. One potential solution to alleviate many of the current truck industry problems is for transportation service providers (TSPs) to collaborate by sharing volume, resources, and facilities. This research introduces the Transportation Service Provider Collaboration Problem (TSP-CP) to demonstrate the benefits of using optimal freight routing and consolidation decisions for collaborating TSPs. A mathematical model for the TSP-CP is introduced to describe the problem in detail. Additionally, two separate adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) heuristics are developed to provide solutions to industry representative problem instances. Finally, the benefits and insights achieved by enabling collaboration between TSPs using the TSP-CP are identified using industry representative data sets.
The representative data sets were derived from actual freight data provided by a freight pooling company that manages collaboration among TSPs. Carriers were chosen from the industry data to evaluate collaborative partnerships and to gain insights on the effects of partnership characteristics on overall benefit as well as the benefits obtained by individual carriers. The computational results suggested collaboration among TSPs offers the potential for substantial reductions in the total distance required to deliver all loads, in the number miles that were traveled completely empty, and the number of containers required for delivery compared to individual performance. Additionally, collaboration increased delivery resource capacity utilization as measured by the percentage of weighted full miles. Detailed analysis of the results from the TSP-CP revealed new insights into the collaboration between full truckload and less-than truckload carriers that have not been quantified or highlighted in previous research. These insights included the effect that an individual carrier's type and size had on the amount of benefit received to each carrier. Finally, the results highlighted the importance of building collaborative partnerships that consider a carrier's geographic location.Ph. D.
8
Palmer, Adrian J. "An analysis of the determinants of successful horizontal collaborative marketing organisations." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4170.
9
McCall, Clare. "The Relationship Between Collaboration Focused On Horizontal Intergration and Innovation within Agri-food SMEs." Thesis, Ulster University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516453.
10
Stephens, Charles. "Enablers and inhibitors to horizontal collaboration between competitors : an investigation in UK retail supply chains." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/1574.
Анотація:
Over the last half-century, the development of physical distribution
management has led to the establishment of logistics, which itself has
developed into one of the key components of supply chain management. As
different models of competition have developed in parallel, so the concept of
competition between supply chains, as opposed to between firms, has been
described. These two trends are striking in the context of UK grocery retailing.
This market sector is described as at the leading edge of innovation and is
arguably among the most efficient in the one world. The speed and efficiency
of these retail supply chains has underpinned customer offerings of range and
freshness and has contributed to the growth of supermarket chains and thus
the concentration of retail power in the UK grocery market.
These trends then raise two issues. Innovation in logistics and distribution
management appears to be easy to copy and thus goods ideas tend to be
adopted by competitors and best practise is quickly and uniformly applied.
Competitive advantage is, therefore, short term only. Secondly, new
organisational paradigms, such as the extended or virtual enterprise, support
the concept of competition between vertically integrated supply chains.
However, it is not necessarily the case that all elements of the supply chain
must be in competition. Whilst range, branding and procurement policies may
continue to offer competitive advantage over time, the logistics elements of
the supply chain might afford an opportunity for collaboration between
competing supply chains, as these elements contribute no long term
advantage to individual firms.
New models for corporate strategy argue that collaboration between
competitors is not only possible but desirable in certain areas of operations
and under certain circumstances. Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) offers
a set of tools for exploring potential areas of collaboration in the retail and
grocery markets. However, in spite of collaboration in other areas and predictions by authors of collaboration in logistics operations, there is little
evidence of applications in practise. This research set out to explore why this
might be so. Research in the UK grocery market led to the proposition of a
series of enablers and inhibitors for horizontal logistics collaborations, which
were then tested in two other UK retail contexts.
Книги з теми "Collaboration Horizontale":
1
Saenz, Maria Jesus, Eduardo Ubaghs, and Alejandra Isabel Cuevas. Enabling Horizontal Collaboration Through Continuous Relational Learning. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08093-2.
2
Limbrick, Peter. Horizontal teamwork in a vertical world: Exploring interagency collaboration and people empowerment. Clifford: Interconnections, 2012.
3
NAVIE+MAUREL-C. Collaboration Horizontale. DELCOURT, 2017.
4
Maurel, Carole, and Navie Maurel. Horizontal Collaboration. Korero Press, 2019.
5
Ayala Martínez, Citlali, and Ulrich Müller, eds. Towards Horizontal Cooperation and Multi-Partner Collaboration. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845289427.
6
Saenz, Maria Jesus, Eduardo Ubaghs, and Alejandra Isabel Cuevas. Enabling Horizontal Collaboration Through Continuous Relational Learning. Springer, 2014.
7
Saenz, Maria Jesus, Eduardo Ubaghs, and Alejandra Isabel Cuevas. Enabling Horizontal Collaboration Through Continuous Relational Learning. Springer, 2015.
8
Gordon, Mel. Horizontal collaboration: The erotic world of Paris, 1920-1946. 2015.
9
Clayton, Tyrus Ross. Leading Collaborative Organizations: Insights into Guiding Horizontal Organizations. iUniverse, 2013.
10
Improving vertical and horizontal governmental collaboration for strengthening fisheries surveillance in the Indonesian Seas Large Marine Ecosystem. FAO, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4060/cc1151en.
Частини книг з теми "Collaboration Horizontale":
1
Saenz, Maria Jesus, Eduardo Ubaghs, and Alejandra Isabel Cuevas. "Vertical Collaboration and Horizontal Collaboration in Supply Chain." In Enabling Horizontal Collaboration Through Continuous Relational Learning, 7–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08093-2_3.
2
Tuddenham, Philip, and Peter Robinson. "Coordination and Awareness in Remote Tabletop Collaboration." In Tabletops - Horizontal Interactive Displays, 407–34. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-113-4_17.
3
Cruijssen, Frans. "Logistics Developments Impacting Horizontal Collaboration." In Cross-Chain Collaboration in Logistics, 29–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57093-4_3.
4
Isenberg, Petra, Uta Hinrichs, Mark Hancock, and Sheelagh Carpendale. "Digital Tables for Collaborative Information Exploration." In Tabletops - Horizontal Interactive Displays, 387–405. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-113-4_16.
5
Saenz, Maria Jesus, Eduardo Ubaghs, and Alejandra Isabel Cuevas. "Model for Horizontal Collaboration Dynamics." In Enabling Horizontal Collaboration Through Continuous Relational Learning, 11–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08093-2_4.
6
Saenz, Maria Jesus, Eduardo Ubaghs, and Alejandra Isabel Cuevas. "Inter-organizational Learning and Collaboration." In Enabling Horizontal Collaboration Through Continuous Relational Learning, 5–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08093-2_2.
7
Rice, Rebecca M. "Local Knowledge and Experience as Horizontal Authority." In Communicating Authority in Interorganizational Collaboration, 54–78. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003129158-3.
8
Lyons, Andrew C., Adrian E. Coronado Mondragon, Frank Piller, and Raúl Poler. "Network Collaboration: Vertical and Horizontal Partnerships." In Customer-Driven Supply Chains, 95–111. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-876-0_5.
9
Saenz, Maria Jesus, Eduardo Ubaghs, and Alejandra Isabel Cuevas. "Introduction." In Enabling Horizontal Collaboration Through Continuous Relational Learning, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08093-2_1.
10
Saenz, Maria Jesus, Eduardo Ubaghs, and Alejandra Isabel Cuevas. "Case Studies." In Enabling Horizontal Collaboration Through Continuous Relational Learning, 21–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08093-2_5.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Collaboration Horizontale":
1
Xiao Wang, Fusheng Yu, and Huixin Zhang. "Implement the horizontal collaborative fuzzy clustering by optimizing the collaboration coefficient." In 2012 24th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc.2012.6243096.
2
Senaratne, S., Abhishek KC, S. Perera, and L. Almeida. "PROMOTING STAKEHOLDER COLLABORATION IN ADOPTING CIRCULAR ECONOMY PRINCIPLES FOR SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION." In The 9th World Construction Symposium 2021. The Ceylon Institute of Builders - Sri Lanka, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2021.41.
Анотація:
Circular Economy (CE) has been recognised as one of the most comprehensive way of attaining sustainable development, which considers every aspect; social, technical, economic and environmental, of sustainable development. For a building construction project that aims to achieve circularity, collaboration of project stakeholders both within vertical horizontal supply chains is vital. This research project establishes importance of such collaboration and proposes methodology to identify stakeholders responsible for attaining circularity in projects through collaboration between such stakeholders. This paper reports of the key literature findings of this on-going research. The key findings from the current paper are establishing importance of stakeholder collaborations to achieve circular buildings and potential of blockchain technology in this regard. loping countries.
3
Filali, Ameni, Chiraz Jlassi, and Najet Arous. "SOM variants for topological horizontal collaboration." In 2016 2nd International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Signal and Image Processing (ATSIP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/atsip.2016.7523117.
4
Yi, Chuanming, and Haengrae Cho. "Distributed Horizontal Collaboration Caching in Edge Computing." In 2018 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csci46756.2018.00287.
5
Pauchet, A., F. Coldefy, L. Lefebvre, S. Louis Dit Picard, L. Perron, A. Bouguet, M. Collobert, J. Guerin, and D. Corvaisier. "TableTops: Worthwhile Experiences of Collocated and Remote Collaboration." In Second Annual IEEE International Workshop on Horizontal Interactive Human-Computer Systems (TABLETOP'07). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tabletop.2007.13.
6
Robinson, Peter, and Philip Tuddenham. "Distributed Tabletops: Supporting Remote and Mixed-Presence Tabletop Collaboration." In Second Annual IEEE International Workshop on Horizontal Interactive Human-Computer Systems (TABLETOP'07). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tabletop.2007.15.
7
Yu, Fusheng, and Shengli Yu. "Prototypes-Based Horizontal Collaborative Fuzzy Clustering." In 2009 Second Pacific-Asia Conference on Web Mining and Web-based Application (WMWA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wmwa.2009.32.
8
Amer, Lamis E., and Amr B. Eltawil. "Analysis of quantitative models of horizontal collaboration in supply chain network design: Towards “green collaborative” strategies." In 2015 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (IEOM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieom.2015.7093759.
9
Iizuka, Tetsuya. "Semiconductor industry prosperity trough deeper horizontal collaborations." In 2009 International Symposium on VLSI Design, Automation and Test (VLSI-DAT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vdat.2009.5158082.
10
Wallace, James R., and Stacey D. Scott. "Contextual design considerations for co-located, collaborative tables." In 2008 IEEE International Workshop on Horizontal Interactive Human Computer Systems (TABLETOP). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tabletop.2008.4660184.
Звіти організацій з теми "Collaboration Horizontale":
1
Marsden, Eric. Partage des modèles de sécurité entre donneurs d’ordres et entreprises intervenantes. Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/360upb.
Анотація:
Ce document s’intéresse à la sécurité des activités industrielles dans lesquelles une part importante du travail est externalisée ou sous-traitée. Ces activités impliquent une collaboration entre de nombreuses entreprises, dont l’entreprise utilisatrice (dite aussi donneur d’ordres) et un ensemble d’entreprises intervenantes. Les relations entre entreprises utilisatrices et intervenantes sont très variables, certaines pouvant être proches de la mise à disposition de main d’œuvre, où les règles de sécurité, la formation aux risques et l’évaluation des risques des activités sont principalement déterminées par l’entreprise utilisatrice, selon son référentiel interne; et d’autres où l’expertise ainsi que la connaissance des risques des opérations conduites et des méthodes de travail sûres sont plus développées chez l’entreprise intervenante que chez l’entreprise utilisatrice. La sécurité ne peut être décrétée depuis le siège d'une grande entreprise, mais doit être co-construite par l'ensemble des acteurs: concepteurs des installations, rédacteurs des modes opératoires et du référentiel de sécurité, personnes préparant et planifiant les interventions, et personnes intervenant sur le terrain. La définition et la mise en œuvre passent donc d’une organisation verticale avec un donneur d’ordres à la tête, vers une organisation plus horizontale entre partenaires. Cette organisation nécessite une bonne coordination entre les acteurs, dans le cadre d'une relation partenariale. Ce document analyse différentes modalités de cette coordination entre les acteurs et leurs effets sur la sécurité. Il identifie un certain nombre de points posant problème dans la relation entre les entreprises utilisatrices et intervenantes, en particulier dans le domaine de la maintenance et les travaux neufs, et suggère un certain nombre de bonnes pratiques pour améliorer le partenariat et donner du sens à la notion de co-construction de la sécurité.
2
Sánchez- Sesma, Francisco José, Hiroshi Kawase, and Joseline Mena Negrete. Working Paper PUEAA No. 5. The collaboration between Mexico and Japan in earthquake engineering and seismology. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.003r.2022.
Анотація:
Despite their remoteness from each other, Japan and Mexico share a critical characteristic: the seismic hazard. In the past, both nations have been hit by great earthquakes that have caused serious human and material losses. Although the prediction of earthquakes is not yet possible, the development of early warning systems and their constant innovation is a priority, especially the studies of the horizontal-to-vertical spectral relationship of microseisms, which can help the study and understanding of earthquakes’ nature, as well as their impact on infrastructure. It is for mutual benefit to Japan and Mexico that cooperation between university institutions specialized in seismological studies increases to jointly create study and innovation mechanisms.
3
Guerra, Flávia, Marisol Romero Magallán, Acoyani Adame, Gorka Zubicaray, Michael Roll, and Lucas Turmena. TUC City Profile: Naucalpan, Mexico. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/exzo5502.
Анотація:
Naucalpan shares critical sustainability challenges with Mexico City due to geographic proximity, notably those related to transport. Furthermore, deindustrialization, lack of integrated urban planning and climate change exacerbate everyday problems in the municipality, including air and water pollution, poor waste management, inequality and poverty. Better understanding the links between these issues could inspire transformative climate action at the local level. A strategic long-term vision for a more sustainable Naucalpan could build upon existing multilevel collaboration agreements and transnational partnerships. Vertical and horizontal integration and formalization of climate change mitigation and adaptation programs and projects could help the municipality to bridge fragmented climate agendas, sectoral development projects and short-term administrations. Naucalpan residents are increasingly recognizing socio-environmental challenges and conflicts at the local level, as well as the shortcomings of the institutionalized channels for citizen participation. As a result, different informal spaces for citizens to voice their opinions regarding government decisions and projects are emerging in the municipality. Addressing significant gaps in municipal data, knowledge and capacity regarding climate change is critical to accelerate a transformation towards sustainability in Naucalpan. Furthermore, existing community-led initiatives could be leveraged to anchor climate action and ensure buy-in from different actors.
4
Turmena, Lucas, Flávia Maia, Flávia Guerra, and Michael Roll. TUC City Profile: Teresina, Brazil. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/eycc5652.
Анотація:
Climate injustice is obvious in Teresina. Although the city makes a small contribution to national and global emissions, it is situated in a global warming hotspot. Teresina is already affected by extreme heat, and models anticipate that it will become even hotter and drier in the coming years. The city's high vulnerability to climate change particularly affects Black, Indigenous and People of Colour (BIPOC) groups living in low-income neighbourhoods. Social injustice and racism are tied together in the urban development process of Teresina. Flood-prone areas often overlap with vulnerable neighbourhoods at the fringes of the city, resulting in precarious living conditions. Climate action at the city level must simultaneously favour racial and climate justice to promote transformative changes towards sustainability. Teresina will likely have to absorb climate-induced migration from its surroundings, which may increase the challenges of already overloaded basic services and infrastructure. Urban planning in Teresina must accommodate future projections by combining climate mitigation with adaptation to provide low-carbon and resilient development. Urban climate governance is still emerging in Teresina, which makes this a key moment for transformative action towards sustainability. Entry points for transformation in the city include: promoting vertical and horizontal coordination to implement the climate agenda; increasing climate-related technical knowledge within the municipal government and awareness at the community level; fostering collaboration to generate and disseminate municipal climate data and amplify bottom-up climate initiatives; creating new climate narratives; strengthening citizen participation while recognizing and including vulnerable groups; declaring a climate emergency; and leveraging additional public and private funds for climate action.
5
Malkinson, Mertyn, Irit Davidson, Moshe Kotler, and Richard L. Witter. Epidemiology of Avian Leukosis Virus-subtype J Infection in Broiler Breeder Flocks of Poultry and its Eradication from Pedigree Breeding Stock. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586459.bard.
Анотація:
Objectives 1. Establish diagnostic procedures to identify tolerant carrier birds based on a) Isolation of ALV-J from blood, b) Detection of group-specific antigen in cloacal swabs and egg albumen. Application of these procedures to broiler breeder flocks with the purpose of removing virus positive birds from the breeding program. 2. Survey the AL V-J infection status of foundation lines to estimate the feasibility of the eradication program 3. Investigate virus transmission through the embryonated egg (vertical) and between chicks in the early post-hatch period (horizontal). Establish a model for limiting horizontal spread by analyzing parameters operative in the hatchery and brooder house. 4. Compare the pathogenicity of AL V-J isolates for broiler chickens. 5. Determine whether AL V-J poses a human health hazard by examining its replication in mammalian and human cells. Revisions. The: eradication objective had to be terminated in the second year following the closing down of the Poultry Breeders Union (PBU) in Israel. This meant that their foundation flocks ceased to be available for selection. Instead, the following topics were investigated: a) Comparison of commercial breeding flocks with and without myeloid leukosis (matched controls) for viremia and serum antibody levels. b) Pathogenicity of Israeli isolates for turkey poults. c) Improvement of a diagnostic ELISA kit for measuring ALV-J antibodies Background. ALV-J, a novel subgroup of the avian leukosis virus family, was first isolated in 1988 from broiler breeders presenting myeloid leukosis (ML). The extent of its spread among commercial breeding flocks was not appreciated until the disease appeared in the USA in 1994 when it affected several major breeding companies almost simultaneously. In Israel, ML was diagnosed in 1996 and was traced to grandparent flocks imported in 1994-5, and by 1997-8, ML was present in one third of the commercial breeding flocks It was then realized that ALV-J transmission was following a similar pattern to that of other exogenous ALVs but because of its unusual genetic composition, the virus was able to establish an extended tolerant state in infected birds. Although losses from ML in affected flocks were somewhat higher than normal, both immunosuppression and depressed growth rates were encountered in affected broiler flocks and affected their profitability. Conclusions. As a result of the contraction in the number of international primary broiler breeders and exchange of male and female lines among them, ALV-J contamination of broiler breeder flocks affected the broiler industry worldwide within a short time span. The Israeli national breeding company (PBU) played out this scenario and presented us with an opportunity to apply existing information to contain the virus. This BARD project, based on the Israeli experience and with the aid of the ADOL collaborative effort, has managed to offer solutions for identifying and eliminating infected birds based on exhaustive virological and serological tests. The analysis of factors that determine the efficiency of horizontal transmission of virus in the hatchery resulted in the workable solution of raising young chicks in small groups through the brooder period. These results were made available to primary breeders as a strategy for reducing viral transmission. Based on phylogenetic analysis of selected Israeli ALV-J isolates, these could be divided into two groups that reflected the countries of origin of the grandparent stock. Implications. The availability of a simple and reliable means of screening day old chicks for vertical transmission is highly desirable in countries that rely on imported breeding stock for their broiler industry. The possibility that AL V-J may be transmitted to human consumers of broiler meat was discounted experimentally.
6
Asmare, Fisha, Seid Yimam, and Etsehiwot Semreab. Presumptive Taxation and Equity: Evidence from the Ethiopian Informal Sector. Institute of Development Studies, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2023.056.
Анотація:
Presumptive tax has become a popular way of taxing businesses operating in the informal sector across middle- and low-income countries. However, evidence on the unintended effects of presumptive tax systems is scant and the effects themselves are not yet clearly known. Presumptive taxation in general has been much criticised, and public outcry and complaints have emerged due to its alleged unfairness and a lack of clarity in its implementation. The case of Ethiopia is no different. It is expected that a simple imposition of the presumptive tax system to tax the informal sector without considering stylised facts in the sector would have various negative consequences, especially in terms of the repercussions on equity. This study examines the issue empirically in the case of Ethiopia and is probably the first study of its kind in the country. We explore the equity implications of the presumptive tax system to tax the informal sector in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. We also critically evaluate income distribution among informal sector operators considering various social stratifiers such as gender. The main dataset we use to address our research questions is the informal micro enterprise (IME) survey data collected by BAN-Development Research Centre for Excellence (BAN-DRCE) in collaboration with Stichting Nederlandse Vrijwilligers (SNV) Ethiopia from Addis Ababa in 2021. Employing descriptive analysis and a representative taxpayer approach, we find that informal sector taxation using the turnover-based presumptive tax system would be both horizontally and vertically inequitable. Our analysis shows that about 44 per cent of informal sector businesses which participated in the survey earn below the minimum formal sector business income tax threshold. Most of these 44 per cent of businesses are owned by women. The plausible reasons for the inequitable taxation of the informal sector are the complexity of how the presumptive tax burden is determined, and lack of clarity on this process. Therefore, the presumptive tax system in Ethiopia requires a serious discussion that extends up to revision.
7
Céspedes, Nelly Yolanda, and Claudia Teresa Vela. Reflexión sobre la Educación matemática en la formación de licenciados bilingües en ÚNICA. Institucion Universitaria Colombo Americana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26817/paper.20.
Анотація:
Co-teaching strategies, co-teaching roles, collaborative teaching benefits, assessment in EFL, language student teachers' Education desde la construcción de un currículo en Matemática aplicada a la formación de licenciados bilingües no matemáticos se deben dimensionar las necesidades del escenario educativo, con el fin de plantear un currículo diverso e innovador, que se encuentre relacionado con las necesidades de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la Matemática, a través de los contextos que le permita a los estudiantes reconocer la riqueza de los escenarios educativos promovidos por la Matemática En este sentido, pensar un currículo en matemática para la formación de licenciados no matemáticos, debe presentar nuevas expectativas frente a un tema específico y al mismo tiempo generar en los estudiantes una posibilidad más real de comprender las aplicaciones de los saberes disciplinares que conforman la Matemática no sólo de manera formal sino a través de situaciones didácticas, que proporcione una producción de conocimiento más vivencial en su desarrollo profesional. Por lo tanto, como marco de referencia la Matemática que se ha venido planteando ha pasado por una transición de contenidos rígidos hacia una flexibilización didáctica del contenido, sin perder el horizonte académico y los procesos pedagógicos que deben estar presentes en la generación de aprendizajes en el aula. La construcción de un currículo en Matemática se encuentra ligado al conocimiento del contexto, los actores y los actos educativos, en donde se deben dimensionar las necesidades del escenario educativo, con el fin de plantear un currículo diverso e innovador, que se encuentra relacionado con las necesidades de vincular a la enseñanza de la Matemática, todas las técnicas y métodos precisos, que les permitan a los estudiantes generar un proceso de conocimiento aplicado a las ciencias del conocimiento.
8
Løvschal, Mette, Havananda Ombashi, Marianne Høyem Andreasen, Bo Ejstrud, Renée Enevikd, Astrid Jensen, Mette Klingenberg, Søren Munch Kristiansen, and Nina Helt Nielsen. The Protected Burial Mound ‘Store Vejlhøj’, Vinderup, Denmark: First Results. Det Kgl. Bibliotek, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aulsps-e.479.
Анотація:
An archaeological excavation of the protected burial mound Store Vejlhøj in northwestern Denmark was carried out in October-November 2021. The excavation formed part of the ERC-funded research project called ANTHEA, focusing on the deep history of anthropogenic heathlands. It was conducted by Aarhus University in collaboration with Holstebro Museum and Moesgaard Museum. The aim was to test a new method of sampling pollen data from different construction stages in a burial mound and comparing them with pollen data from nearby lake sediments with a view to improving our understanding of prehistoric anthropogenic heathland dynamics. Prior to the excavation, soil cores were collected from two nearby peat sediments as well as six burial mounds (including Store Vejlhøj) within a 1 km range of Lake Skånsø, where previous pollen analyses had been carried out. Based on these preliminary corings, Store Vejlhøj was selected for further archaeological investigation. A dispensation for excavating the protected mound was granted by the Danish Palaces and Culture Agency. The excavation was based on a 5 m long trench through the barrow, moving from its foot inwards. The surface vegetation and 40 cm topsoil were removed by an excavator, after which the remainder of the trench was manually dug in horizontal layers. Observation conditions were good. The excavation revealed a series of well-defined barrow construction stages, as well as unusually wellpreserved turf structures. Only two archaeological finds could be related to the barrow, both of which were later than its initial construction: a secondary urn in the top layer, and the base of a second urn at the foot of the mound. The burial mound was constructed using a minimum of three shells, which could be observed in the trench profile. Turfs were most probably collected locally in a landscape dominated by grass pastures, where no previous turf cutting had taken place. A total of 34 soil samples were collected for paleoecological analyses (pollen, Non-Pollen Polymorphs (NPPs), macrofossils) and geoarchaeological analyses (micromorphology, bulk samples). Preliminary pollen and macrofossil results from the burial mound revealed poor preservation conditions, which prompted a trench extension of 0.5 m by 0.2 m to find better preservation conditions. This extension resulted in the collection of a single final macrofossil sample, although there was no identifiable change in the in-situ preservation conditions. The dating results of the mound have not yet been completed and will be included as appendix 4-6 in 2023.
9
Mazzoni, Silvia, Nicholas Gregor, Linda Al Atik, Yousef Bozorgnia, David Welch, and Gregory Deierlein. Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis and Selecting and Scaling of Ground-Motion Records (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/zjdn7385.
Анотація:
This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 3 (WG3), Task 3.1: Selecting and Scaling Ground-motion records. The objective of Task 3.1 is to provide suites of ground motions to be used by other working groups (WGs), especially Working Group 5: Analytical Modeling (WG5) for Simulation Studies. The ground motions used in the numerical simulations are intended to represent seismic hazard at the building site. The seismic hazard is dependent on the location of the site relative to seismic sources, the characteristics of the seismic sources in the region and the local soil conditions at the site. To achieve a proper representation of hazard across the State of California, ten sites were selected, and a site-specific probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) was performed at each of these sites for both a soft soil (Vs30 = 270 m/sec) and a stiff soil (Vs30=760 m/sec). The PSHA used the UCERF3 seismic source model, which represents the latest seismic source model adopted by the USGS [2013] and NGA-West2 ground-motion models. The PSHA was carried out for structural periods ranging from 0.01 to 10 sec. At each site and soil class, the results from the PSHA—hazard curves, hazard deaggregation, and uniform-hazard spectra (UHS)—were extracted for a series of ten return periods, prescribed by WG5 and WG6, ranging from 15.5–2500 years. For each case (site, soil class, and return period), the UHS was used as the target spectrum for selection and modification of a suite of ground motions. Additionally, another set of target spectra based on “Conditional Spectra” (CS), which are more realistic than UHS, was developed [Baker and Lee 2018]. The Conditional Spectra are defined by the median (Conditional Mean Spectrum) and a period-dependent variance. A suite of at least 40 record pairs (horizontal) were selected and modified for each return period and target-spectrum type. Thus, for each ground-motion suite, 40 or more record pairs were selected using the deaggregation of the hazard, resulting in more than 200 record pairs per target-spectrum type at each site. The suites contained more than 40 records in case some were rejected by the modelers due to secondary characteristics; however, none were rejected, and the complete set was used. For the case of UHS as the target spectrum, the selected motions were modified (scaled) such that the average of the median spectrum (RotD50) [Boore 2010] of the ground-motion pairs follow the target spectrum closely within the period range of interest to the analysts. In communications with WG5 researchers, for ground-motion (time histories, or time series) selection and modification, a period range between 0.01–2.0 sec was selected for this specific application for the project. The duration metrics and pulse characteristics of the records were also used in the final selection of ground motions. The damping ratio for the PSHA and ground-motion target spectra was set to 5%, which is standard practice in engineering applications. For the cases where the CS was used as the target spectrum, the ground-motion suites were selected and scaled using a modified version of the conditional spectrum ground-motion selection tool (CS-GMS tool) developed by Baker and Lee [2018]. This tool selects and scales a suite of ground motions to meet both the median and the user-defined variability. This variability is defined by the relationship developed by Baker and Jayaram [2008]. The computation of CS requires a structural period for the conditional model. In collaboration with WG5 researchers, a conditioning period of 0.25 sec was selected as a representative of the fundamental mode of vibration of the buildings of interest in this study. Working Group 5 carried out a sensitivity analysis of using other conditioning periods, and the results and discussion of selection of conditioning period are reported in Section 4 of the WG5 PEER report entitled Technical Background Report for Structural Analysis and Performance Assessment. The WG3.1 report presents a summary of the selected sites, the seismic-source characterization model, and the ground-motion characterization model used in the PSHA, followed by selection and modification of suites of ground motions. The Record Sequence Number (RSN) and the associated scale factors are tabulated in the Appendices of this report, and the actual time-series files can be downloaded from the PEER Ground-motion database Portal (https://ngawest2.berkeley.edu/)(link is external).