Дисертації з теми "Cohérence faible"
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Laforce, Frédéric. "Holographie photoréfractive à faible cohérence." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1310.
Повний текст джерелаPalavicini, Cham Carlos Alberto. "Analyse de composants photoniques par réflectométrie à faible cohérence sensible à la phase." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000751.
Повний текст джерелаPalavicini, Cham Carlos Alberto. "Analyse de composants photoniques par réfléctométrie à faible cohérence sensible à la phase." Paris, ENST, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENST0002.
Повний текст джерелаThe emergence of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers and the inevitable increasing of bit rate have drastically augmented the complexity of optical transmission systems, imposing an evolution of photonic devices. Precise and reliable characterization techniques are therefore required to carry out an adequate analysis of these devices. Optical low-coherence reflectometry is a technique allowing for detection, localization and quantification of the parameters and performances of photonic devices. During this phd research, this technique has been applied to the analysis of several advanced photonic devices, such as fiber bragg gratings, specialty optical fibers and optical-injected semiconductor lasers. The results obtained position this technique as an accurate and reliable investigation tool permitting for assistance and support for the design and implementation of innovative photonic devices
Gottesman, Yaneck. "Exploration de la réflectrométrie à faible cohérence pour l'analyse des composants et circuits photoniques." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30069.
Повний текст джерелаThe high complexity of integration technologies obviously instigated the development of suitable analytical tools to probe into the properties of individual components in completely processed photonic circuits. In this regard, the non destructive optical low coherence reflectometry (OLCR) can be an useful tool to furnish valuable information to material and device processing engineers. This thesis recounts OLCR analysis undertaken on several key components for WDM photonic circuits still in development stage. A judicious combination of cautiously recorded (with and without bias) and computed reflectograms (Beam propagation, transfer Matrix) lias led to the proposition of a set of new methodologies. Their implementation together with a series of deliberately chosen and in-situ incorporated accessories (transmission, reflection, polarization control, tunable filter, electroluminescence. . . ) gave a whole range of information revealing the high potential of OLCR to analyse photonic circuits
Wiedmann, Uwe. "Conception et réalisation d'un réflectomètre a faible cohérence : application a la caractérisation de composants optoélectroniques actifs." Paris, ENST, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENST0031.
Повний текст джерелаBen, Houcine Karim. "Tomographie optique par interférométrie à faible longueur de cohérence : applications à l'imagerie optique en milieu diffusant." Saint-Etienne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STET4006.
Повний текст джерелаOptical imaging techniques through scattering medium are highly interesting in several areas more particularly in biology and medicine. The imaging system presented here is based on temporal selection by means of a low temporal coherence light source. The study has lead us to consider interferometric systems of low coherence length (or of wide spectral bandwidth) such as temporal optical correlations methods which allow to obtain, from a short time reference, the temporal response of probe objects. A significant point of this work comes from the spectral bandwidth sampling of the low coherent source by tuning the optical frequency of the laser. In spite of the storage time increase, this technique allows to filter and to access to more information on the correlation signal (phase measurement as well as amplitude) by observing signal evolution versus optical frequency. Experimental results with known objects permit to observe main phenomena in this kind of system and also make it possible to image the whole field
Gardette, Hubert. "Tomographie par interférométrie à faible cohérence optique et à champ large dédiée à l'imaginerie médicale in vivo en ophtalmologie." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066426.
Повний текст джерелаSchopfer, Félicien. "Cohérence Quantique et Effet Kondo dans les Nanostructures." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011250.
Повний текст джерелаLes expériences présentées dans cette thèse concernent les effets de la cohérence de phase électronique sur les propriétés de transport de conducteurs métalliques diffusifs.
Nous nous sommes d'abord intéressés aux mécanismes de déphasage électronique en mesurant la magnétorésistance de localisation faible de fils quasi-1D en or contenant des impuretés magnétiques de fer, à très basse température. Le comportement du temps de cohérence de phase électronique tf mesuré s'explique bien dans le cadre de la physique des impuretés Kondo, par la combinaison de l'effet Kondo à une impureté, et des interactions entre impuretés de type RKKY. Ce résultat est une contribution importante dans le débat sur la saturation de tf à très basse température.
Ensuite, nous avons étudié les oscillations quantiques de magnétoconductance, Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak (AAS), et Aharonov-Bohm (AB), dans des réseaux 2D d'anneaux en argent présentant différentes géométries. Notamment, à partir d'une théorie récente, nous avons extrait tf à partir des harmoniques de Fourier de l'oscillation AAS. La dépendance en température mesurée, différente de celle extraite d'un fil quasi-1D, laisse supposer un effet de la topologie sur le déphasage. Enfin, nous avons mesuré la dépendance en taille des amplitudes des oscillations AB et AAS dans des réseaux de 10^6 à 10 anneaux : lorsqu'une dimension du réseau devient inférieure à Lf, la moyenne d'ensemble des oscillations quantiques est non triviale, révélant que des interférences quantiques subtiles dominent le transport. C'est une signature spectaculaire de la transition dimensionnelle vers la physique mésoscopique.
Aberra, Guebrou Samuel. "Influence des plasmons de surface propagatifs sur la cohérence de systèmes optiques." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00798779.
Повний текст джерелаGRILLOT, Frédéric. "LASERS MONOMODES A FAIBLE SENSIBILITE A LA RETROACTION OPTIQUE POUR LES TRANSMISSIONS A 2,5GBit/s SANS ISOLATEUR." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007829.
Повний текст джерелаUdupa, Pramod. "Algorithmes parallèles et architectures évolutives de faible complexité pour systèmes optiques OFDM cohérents temps réel." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S039/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, low-complexity algorithms and architectures for CO-OFDM systems are explored. First, low-complexity algorithms for estimation of timing and carrier frequency offset (CFO) in dispersive channel are studied. A novel low-complexity timing synchro- nization algorithm, which can withstand large amount of dispersive delay, is proposed and compared with previous proposals. Then, the problem of realization of low-complexity parallel architecture is studied. A generalized scalable parallel architecture, which can be used to realize any auto-correlation algorithm, is proposed. It is then extended to handle multiple parallel samples from ADC and provide outputs, which can match the input ADC rate. The scalability of the architecture for higher number of parallel outputs and different kinds of auto-correlation algorithms is explored. An algorithm-architecture approach is then applied to the entire CO-OFDM transceiver chain. At the transmitter side, radix-22 algorithm for IFFT is chosen and parallel Mul- tipath Delay Commutator (MDC) Feed-forward (FF) architecture is designed which con- sumes lesser resources compared to MDC FF architectures of radix-2/4. At the receiver side, efficient algorithm for Integer CFO estimation is adopted and efficiently realized with- out the use of complex multipliers. Reduction in complexity is achieved due to efficient architectures for timing synchronization, FFT and Integer CFO estimation. Fixed-point analysis for the entire transceiver chain is done to find fixed-point sensitive blocks, which affect bit error rate (BER) significantly. The algorithms proposed are validated using opti- cal experiments by the help of arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) at the transmitter and digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) and Matlab at the receiver. BER plots are used to show the validity of the system built. Hardware implementation of the proposed synchronization algorithm is validated using real-time FPGA platform
Lupi, Cyril. "Réalisation et mise au point d'un banc de réflectomètrie à faible cohérence : Etude de fiabilité et caractérisation de fibres optiques passives et actives et de divers composants." Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT2029.
Повний текст джерелаChamaa, Nazem. "Conception d’un circuit oscillateur MMIC à 2 OCT commutés large bande à faible bruit de phase pour applications spatiales." Limoges, 2011. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/d936aeca-7ea0-4ac7-a431-210377fbb1db/blobholder:0/2011LIMO4043.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis research work is dedicated to the design of a wideband MMIC oscillator with low phase noise using InGaP/GaAs HBT for spatial applications. First chapter describes the transistor nonlinear model used in the design circuit and the required measurements to validate this model and the low frequency noise model. Besides, a modeling procedure of the varactor diode used in the circuit was realized based on experimental characterization. Second chapter of this thesis; explains the VCO’s fundamentals, their characteristics and their analysis main methods. In addition this chapter contains a nonlinear analysis of the VCO’s classical topologies in order to obtain a wide tuning band while using a methodology for minimizing the phase noise. The third chapter presents the design of the oscillator circuit using a switching technique. The simulation results of this circuit containing two switched VCOs show a tuning band between 2. 69 and 3. 66 GHz (i. E. More than 30% tuning band around 3. 175 GHz) and the phase noise at an offset of 100 kHz is less than -98. 5 dBc / Hz over the entire tuning band. Moreover, an output power greater than 3 dBm is achieved over the entire tuning band
Sabban, Manuel. "Sécurité en cryptographie quantique utilisant la détection homodyne d'états cohérents à faible énergie." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005898.
Повний текст джерелаMüller, Cord Axel. "Localisation faible de la lumière dans un gaz d'atomes froids : rétrodiffusion cohérente et structure quantique interne." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE5634.
Повний текст джерелаRecent experimental results show that the interference contrast observed in coherent backscattering (CBS) of light by cold atoms is drastically reduced with respect to classical disordered media. In the present theoretical contribution, we study the impact of the degeneracy of the atomic dipole transition on weak localization of light. The nonscalar components of the atomic scattering operator are characteristics of the internal structure, and strongly modify the interference properties of multiple light scattering. A systematic analysis in terms of irreducible tensors permits to calculate exact analytical expressions for the single and double scattering contributions to the CBS signal for arbitrarily degenerate atomic dipole transitions. Furthermore, we sum up the series of ladder and crossed diagrams that describe the average scattered light intensity and the weak localization corrections, respectively. We find that the degeneracy of the atomic transition has negligible impact on the average light amplitude, small impact on the average intensity, but decisive impact on the interference corrections. The internal degrees of freedom very effectively reduce the interference of weak localization and, therefore, the CBS signal for any degenerate atomic dipole transition
Nadji, Séverin Landry. "Développement de systèmes de contrôle in situ des propriétés optiques de filtres interférentiels." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0155.
Повний текст джерелаThe realization of complex filtering functions requires a perfect mastering of the deposition process as well as an accurate real time monitoring of the optical thickness of the deposited layers. During my PhD thesis, devoted to the development of new methods of in situ optical monitoring, I was particularly interested in two different subjects, namely:- On the one hand, the determination of the spectral dependence of optical constants (refractive index and extinction coefficient) of dielectric materials. A possible way to achieve this determination consist in using a broadband optical monitoring system in order to record the transmission spectra, in real time, of the stack during its formation. Indeed, the temporal evolution, at each wavelength, of these transmission spectra provide quantitative information related to the optical constants that we wish to determine.- On the other hand, the real time measurement of the reflection coefficient (r) of a stack, in amplitude and phase, during its deposition. Indeed, the optical monitoring methods based on intensity proprieties present some limitations that the knowledge of phase information should overcome. This measurement is performed by low coherence digital holographic interferometry on a substrate illuminated by its rear face and whose front face is equipped with an annular mask. This gives access to desired phase and amplitude information while avoiding the parasitic influence of the substrate motions induced by the vibrations of the deposition machine, and the rotation of the substrate holder at 120 rounds per minute
Liu, Yuan. "Représentation parcimonieuse basée sur la norme ℓ₀ Mixed integer programming for sparse coding : application to image denoising Incoherent dictionary learning via mixed-integer programming and hybrid augmented Lagrangian". Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMIR22.
Повний текст джерелаIn this monograph, we study the exact ℓ₀ based sparse representation problem. For the classical dictionary learning problem, the solution is obtained by iteratively processing two steps: sparse coding and dictionary updating. However, even the problem associated with sparse coding is non-convex and NP-hard. The method for solving this is to reformulate the problem as mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP). Then by introducing two optimization techniques, initialization by proximal method and relaxation with augmented contraints, the algorithmis greatly speed up (which is thus called AcMIQP) and applied in image denoising, which shows the good performance. Moreover, the classical problem is extended to learn an incoherent dictionary. For dealing with this problem, AcMIQP or proximal method is used for sparse coding. As for dictionary updating, augmented Lagrangian method (ADMM) and extended proximal alternating linearized minimizing method are combined. This exact ℓ₀ based incoherent dictionary learning is applied in image recovery, which illustrates the improved performance with a lower coherence
Robert, Kuhn. "Transport Cohérent d'Ondes de Matière dans des Potentiels Optiques Désordonnés." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00717232.
Повний текст джерелаLéger, Elodie. "Interprétation des pronoms clitiques objets chez les enfants avec TSA et chez les enfants avec TSL. : étude comparative en suivi du regard." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2025/document.
Повний текст джерелаIt is well-known that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often have language impairment. However, the nature of this impairment is still largely unknown. Some studies hold that language impairment in children with ASD is of the same nature as impairment found in children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI), whereas others argue that SLI and language impairment in ASD may be different both in their structure and their etiology. At the heart of this debate lies the difficulty of assessing language abilities of children with ASD, especially when active participation is required. Moreover, to date, few studies have investigated formal aspects of language in children with ASD in languages other than English. In this study, we explore real-time interpretation of grammatical cues in French-speaking children with ASD, with a focus on object clitics
Auvolat, Alex. "Probabilistic methods for collaboration systems in large-scale trustless networks." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021REN1S125.
Повний текст джерелаThe Internet is a formidable tool for education, communication and collaboration, however it is currently being monopolized by large corporations (GAFAM), which has consequences for many social issues such as respect of human rights and individual freedoms. This thesis focuses on ways to build decentralized applications: Internet applications that provide levels of functionality similar to those provided by the GAFAM, but that function in a decentralized manner, empowering the users to democratically decide of their functioning and their uses. We focus on epidemic algorithms, which are particularly suited to the context of very large open networks. We make contributions on causal broadcast in presence of Byzantine nodes, epidemic causal broadcast using an event store synchronized with an anti-entropy algorithm, random peer sampling in presence of Byzantine nodes and Sybil attacks, as well as a new epidemic total order broadcast which is tolerant to malicious nodes and provides high throughput message delivery
Duvinage, Isabelle. "Création et mise en cohérence de modèles structuraux à partir d'horizons extraits de données sismiques tridimensionnelles." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPL049N.
Повний текст джерелаSigwarth, Olivier. "Localisation faible de la lumière par un gaz d'atomes froids en présence d'un champ magnétique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006473.
Повний текст джерелаd'atomes froids en présence d'un champ magnétique. Plus précisément,
elle est consacrée à l'augmentation cohérente de l'intensité diffuse
dans la direction arrière, due à l'interférence entre chemins de
diffusion multiple rencontrant les mêmes diffuseurs dans l'ordre inverse.
Nous présentons des résultats théoriques rendant compte d'observations
expérimentales récentes sur la forme et l'amplitude du profil d'intensité.
En particulier, nous montrons qu'un champ
magnétique peut en augmenter l'amplitude si les atomes possèdent un niveau
fondamental dégénéré, à l'opposé de ce qui se produit pour des
diffuseurs classiques. Nous discutons l'intérêt de ce résultat en vue
de la localisation forte de la lumière.
Gabet, Renaud. "Étude expérimentale et théorique de l'injection optique dans un laser à semi-conducteurs : application à la détection de faibles signaux cohérents à 1.55 μm". Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10079.
Повний текст джерелаDubouloz, Samuel. "Développement d'architectures avancées pour communications ultra large bande (UWB) dans des applications bas débit." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003907.
Повний текст джерелаGrémaud, Benoît. "Transport quantique dans les systèmes complexes." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00292696.
Повний текст джерелаAdroguer, Pierre. "Propriétés de transport électronique des isolants topologiques." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00832048.
Повний текст джерелаYaacoub, Tina. "Nouvelles approches pour l'estimation du canal ultra-large bande basées sur des techniques d'acquisition compressée appliquées aux signaux à taux d'innovation fini IR-UWB." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0077/document.
Повний текст джерелаUltra-wideband impulse radio (IR-UWB) is a relatively new communication technology that provides an interesting solution to the problem of RF spectrum scarcity and meets the high data rate and precise localization requirements of an increasing number of applications, such as indoor communications, personal and body sensor networks, IoT, etc. Its unique characteristics are obtained by transmitting pulses of very short duration (less than 1 ns), occupying a bandwidth up to 7.5 GHz, and having an extremely low power spectral density (less than -43 dBm / MHz). The best performances of an IR-UWB system are obtained with Rake coherent receivers, at the expense of increased complexity, mainly due to the estimation of UWB channel, which is characterized by a large number of multipath components. This processing step requires the estimation of a set of spectral components for the received signal, without being able to adopt usual sampling techniques, because of the extremely high Nyquist limit (several GHz).In this thesis, we propose new low-complexity approaches for the UWB channel estimation, relying on the sparse representation of the received signal, the compressed sampling theory, and the reconstruction of the signals with finite rate of innovation. The complexity reduction thus obtained makes it possible to significantly reduce the IR-UWB receiver cost and consumption. First, two existent compressed sampling schemes, single-channel (SoS) and multi-channel (MCMW), are extended to the case of UWB signals having a bandpass spectrum, by taking into account realistic implementation constraints. These schemes allow the acquisition of the spectral coefficients of the received signal at very low sampling frequencies, which are not related anymore to the signal bandwidth, but only to the number of UWB channel multipath components. The efficiency of the proposed approaches is demonstrated through two applications: UWB channel estimation for low complexity coherent Rake receivers, and precise indoor localization for personal assistance and home care.Furthermore, in order to reduce the complexity of the MCMW approach in terms of the number of channels required for UWB channel estimation, we propose a reduced number of channel architecture by increasing the number of transmitted pilot pulses. The same approach is proven to be also useful for reducing the sampling frequency associated to the MCMW scheme.Another important objective of this thesis is the performance optimization for the proposed approaches. Although the acquisition of consecutive spectral coefficients allows a simple implementation of the MCMW scheme, we demonstrate that it not results in the best performance of the reconstruction algorithms. We then propose to rely on the coherence of the measurement matrix to find the optimal set of spectral coefficients maximizing the signal reconstruction performance, as well as a constrained suboptimal set, where the positions of the spectral coefficients are structured so as to facilitate the design of the MCMW scheme. Finally, the approaches proposed in this thesis are experimentally validated using the UWB equipment of Lab-STICC CNRS UMR 6285
Mallet, François. "COHERENCE QUANTIQUE, DIFUSION MAGNETIQUE ET EFFETS TOPOLOGIQUES." Phd thesis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00546850.
Повний текст джерелаMüller, Cord Axel [Verfasser]. "Localisation faible de la lumière dans un gaz d'atomes froids : rétrodiffusion cohérente et structure quantique interne = Schwache Lokalisierung von Licht in einem Gas kalter Atome / vorgelegt von Cord Axel Müller." 2001. http://d-nb.info/965849333/34.
Повний текст джерелаLAROSE, Eric. "Diffusion multiple des ondes sismiques et expériences analogiques en ultrasons." Phd thesis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010020.
Повний текст джерела