Дисертації з теми "Cognitive precursor"
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Beck, Corbatto Deborah. "Trust as a Precursor of Flow| A Social Cognitive View of Flow in Elite Coach/Athlete Dyads." Thesis, George Mason University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10792355.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of the present study was to explore the influence of trust, help seeking/help giving, and relation-inferred self-efficacy on the onset of flow experience in a dyadic relationship between an elite athlete and their coach. The social cognitive theory of triadic reciprocal determinism was used to examine the relationship of the elite athlete and their trusted coach in a high-pressure athletic environment as it related to the ability of the elite athlete to achieve a flow state. Using a multiple case study approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five coach-athlete dyads. Data were analyzed using thematic network analysis (i.e., looking for thematic ties to established theory, as well as emerging themes). Prior research has focused on flow as a personally experienced phenomenon arising due to constructs that are largely self-controlled (e.g., loss of self-consciousness, merging of action and awareness, autotelic nature, centering of attention, feeling in control). Findings of this study, based on the triadic reciprocal determinism model, showed support for a more expansive model for flow in elite sport dyads, including behavioral, personal, and environmental influences, particularly in the area of trust. Based on findings of this study, recommendations are made for further research, including the necessity for sports flow research to move to a more applied focus using social cognitive theory. Implications of this line of research include uncovering the method by which an elite coach might create an environment in which flow experiences and improved performance outcomes might ideally occur for the athlete.
Smotherman, Jesse M. "The Impact of Causative Genes on Neuropsychological Functioning in Familial Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984161/.
Повний текст джерелаÖsterman, Hanna. "Olfactory performance and neuropathology in the Tg6799 strain of Alzheimer’s disease model mice." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-56816.
Повний текст джерелаPlaufcan, Melissa R. "An Examination of Social Cognitive Precursors of Lesbians’ Vocational Interests." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1310435272.
Повний текст джерелаDiaz, Alicia Alina. "Attributional fairness theory : the cognitive precursors of organizational justice judgments /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486402957197436.
Повний текст джерелаSteinhauser, Robert [Verfasser], Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Steinhauser, and Søren [Akademischer Betreuer] Andersen. "Pre-error cognition: insights into cognitive control through neural precursors of performance errors [cumulative dissertation] / Robert Steinhauser ; Marco Steinhauser, Søren Andersen." Eichstätt-Ingolstadt : Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1151573175/34.
Повний текст джерелаTorres, Carolina Akkari. "Glicogênio sintase quinase3B e proteína precursora do amilóide em plaquetas de indivíduos com comprometimento cognitivo leve e doença de Alzheimer." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-12032010-143731/.
Повний текст джерелаAlzheimer\'s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline of memory and other cognitive functions, affecting mainly elderly. The abnormal metabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and protein TAU hyperphosphorylation are cellular hallmarks of this disease. Glycogen synthase kinase 3B (GSK3B) is an enzyme highly expressed in the central nervous system and of great importance in the regulation of neuronal plasticity and also the mechanisms of cell survival. Studies have associated GSK3B with the mechanisms that lead to the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in AD. Given the difficulty to establish the precise clinical diagnosis of AD, especially in the early stages of the disease, identification of biomarkers is particularly important, especially in peripheral tissues. This work evaluated two candidate biochemical markers for AD, using two different preparations. We investigated the ratio between 130kDa and 110kDa APP fragments (APPr) and between phosphorylated and total GSK3B (phospho-GSK3B / total-GSK3B) in platelets of patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), comparing their results with those from healthy older adults (controls). The expression of APP fragments and GSK3B was assessed by Western blot using specific antibodies. No statistically significant differences in APPr were found between the study groups (p=0.847). We found statistically significant differences in mean total GSK3B and GSK3B ratio across disgnostic groups (p=0.05 and p=0.06, respectively). APPr and GSK3B ratio were not correlated, but the latter parameter did correlate with the performance on memory tests, as shown by the CAMCOG sub-score. The present data indicate that platelet GSK3B ratio may indicate biological changes that occur in the MCI-AD continuum
Walsh, E. "Exploring the cognitive precursors of movement using a sensory-detection task." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446183/.
Повний текст джерелаCosta, Hiwet Mariam. "Precursors of mathematics learning: identification and intervention." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/11005.
Повний текст джерелаThe studies presented in this thesis contribute to the growing body of knowledge regarding the relationships between domain general precursors, domain specific precursors and mathematical learning. Given the previous inconsistent results about the link between ANS acuity and mathematical abilities (i.e. Kolkman et al., 2013) we were interested in the investigation of the relation between the ANS and early mathematics abilities in preschool years. This relationship was explored by using two different approaches: in Chapter 2 the relationship between ANS and different mathematical measures, measured concurrently, were investigated; Chapter 3 examined the possibility to improve the ANS abilities in preschool children by using intensive adaptive training over a relatively short period. Moreover, the transfer effects of the training on mathematical abilities were also examined. The second aim of this dissertation concerned the potential role played by STM and WM skills in supporting domain-specific precursors of mathematics. The few studies that considered the role of WM in simple quantity comparison abilities did not provide a strong basis for any firm conclusions on such a relationship (Mussolin, Nys, Leybaert, & Content, 2012; Soltész, Szűcs, & Szűcs, 2010) since they didn’t assess all of the WM components. Chapter 2 focuses on uncovering which specific WM component is involved in non-symbolic approximate quantity comparison processing in the preschool age. Moreover, in ordered to further explore the relationship between WM abilities and ANS, Chapter 3 investigated whether training focusing on the improvement of ANS abilities produced a far-transfer effect on WM abilities. Several studies found that WM abilities are related to overall mathematical skills (Gersten et al., 2005; Jordan et al., 2006; Passolunghi & Lanfranchi, 2012), therefore Chapter 4 investigated a possible causal relationship between domain-general working memory abilities and domain-specific numerical competence through a training study during the preschool years. The third aim of this dissertation was to explore the malleability of cognitive precursors of mathematical learning. In Chapter 3, the possibility to improve ANS abilities was investigated, whereas Chapter 4 aimed to verify and compare the effects on early numerical competence of two types of training. One type of training focused on the enhancement of domain-general precursors, working memory abilities; while the other focused on the enhancement of domain-specific precursors, early numeracy abilities. In the field of intellectual disabilities, some studies suggested that WM skills of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (like Down’s syndrome) tend to be impaired and very poor compared to typically developing children of a similar mental age (Gathercole & Alloway, 2006). In Chapter 5, the efficacy of a school-based visuo-spatial WM training on STM and WM skills for two individuals with DS was examined. The main findings emerging from overall studies and limitations, future directions and implications of the research are finally discussed in Chapter 6.
Gli studi presentati in questa tesi forniscono nuovi risultati riguardo la relazione tra precursori dominio-generali e precursori dominio-specifici dell’apprendimento matematico. Le ricerche che si sono occupate di indagare la relazione tra Approximate Numer System (ANS) e abilità matematiche finora hanno prodotto risultati contrastanti (Kolkman et al., 2013). Ci siamo quindi interessati ad approfondire lo studio della relazione tra ANS e matematica in età prescolare utilizzando due diversi approcci. Nel capitolo 2 è stato indagata la relazione tra ANS e diverse abilità matematiche, misurati contemporaneamente. Nel Capitolo 3 è stata indagata la possibilità di potenziare le abilità di ANS in bambini in età prescolare, utilizzando un training intensivo per un periodo relativamente breve. Inoltre, sono stati esaminati gli effetti del training di ANS sulle abilità matematiche. Il secondo obiettivo di questa tesi è stato quello di indagare il ruolo svolto della memoria a breve termine e della memoria di lavoro nello sviluppo dei precursori dominio-specifici dell’apprendimento matematico. I pochi studi che hanno considerato la relazione tra abilità di memoria e abilità di confronto di quantità non sono giunti a conclusioni certe su tale relazione in quanto non hanno analizzato in maniera completa il ruolo svolto da ogni componente della memoria di lavoro (Mussolin, Nys, Leybaert, & Content, 2012; Soltész, Szűcs, & Szűcs, 2010). Con lo studio descritto nel Capitolo 2 abbiamo voluto indagare quale specifica componete della memoria di lavoro sia coinvolta nel processo di comparazione di quantità in età prescolare. Inoltre, per analizzare ulteriormente tale relazione nel Capitolo 3 abbiamo indagato l’effetto, sulle abilita di memoria di lavoro, di un training focalizzato sul potenziamento delle abilità di ANS. Dato che diversi studi confermano la relazione tra memoria di lavoro e abilità matematiche (Gersten et al., 2005; Jordan et al., 2006; Passolunghi & Lanfranchi, 2012), nel capitolo 4 abbiamo esaminato la possibile relazione causale tra le capacità dominio-generali di memoria di lavoro e precursori dominio-specifici (abilità matematiche precoci) tramite uno studio di training in età prescolare. Il terzo obiettivo di questa tesi è stato quello di esplorale la malleabilità dei precursori cognitivi dell’apprendimento matematico. Nel Capitolo 3 è stata indagata la possibilità di potenziare le abilità di ANS mentre nel capitolo 4 abbiamo voluto verificare l’efficacia di due diversi tipi di training sul potenziamento della abilità matematiche in età prescolare. Il primo training era focalizzato sul potenziamento della memoria di lavoro (precursore dominio-generale) mentre il secondo training era focalizzato sul potenziamento delle abilità matematiche precordi (precursore dominio-specifico). Gli studi nel campo delle disabilità intellettive, suggeriscono che le competenze di memoria di lavoro di bambini con disturbi dello sviluppo neurologico (come la sindrome di Down) tendono ad essere compromesse e molto scarsa in confronto alle abilità di memoria di bambini con sviluppo tipico ma stessa età mentale (Gathercole e Alloway, 2006). Nel capitolo 5, è stata indagata l'efficacia di un training di memoria di lavoro visuo-spaziale sulle abilità di memoria a breve termine e di memoria di lavoro di due persone con sindrome di Down. I principali risultati della tesi, le direzioni future e le implicazioni delle ricerche sono state discusse nel Capitolo 6.
XXVII Ciclo
1987
Altenburger, Lauren E. "Father-Child Relationships: Early Precursors and Consequences for School-Aged Children’s Social and Cognitive Adjustment." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524175659835137.
Повний текст джерелаPaterson, Sarah Jane. "Language and number in Williams Syndrome and Down's Syndrome : from infant precursors to the mature phenotype." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1348745/.
Повний текст джерелаHuman, Jan-Hendrik. "Investigating distress cognition for farm businesses as a precursor to turnaround in the South-African context." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64855.
Повний текст джерелаMini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
za2018
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
Brecht, Katharina Friederike. "A multi-faceted approach to investigating theory of mind in corvids." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/266917.
Повний текст джерелаSteele, Ann M. "Tracing syndrome-specific trajectories of cognitive development : the impact of attention profiles on precursors of literacy and numeracy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5d2e5704-b7f9-4ecb-b073-3616a45c2890.
Повний текст джерелаZainaghi, Isis Amaral. "Fosfolipase A2, fluidez de membrana e proteína precursora do amilóide em plaquetas na doença de Alzheimer e comprometimento cognitivo leve." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-03052007-093430/.
Повний текст джерелаAlzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes cognitive impairment in the elderly. The clinical diagnosis of AD is complex. Thus, there is a great need for sensitive techniques to detect neurodegeneration in the early stages to asset in the diagnosis and to follow the effectiveness of therapy. The biochemical alterations in the AD brain result from cellular processes such as amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism, tau phosphorylation, oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid dysregulation. So far there are no biochemical markers to help the AD diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate three possible candidates to biochemical marker of AD. The APP 130/110 kDa ratio, membrane fluidity and phospholipase A2 activity in platelets of patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were investigated compared to their results with healthy elderly controls. The membrane fluidity of platelets was assessed by the fluorescence anisotropy of DPH (diphenyl-hexatriene); the levels of APP isoforms were evaluated by Western Blot analysis using 22C11 antibody and the PLA2 activity was measured by radio-enzymatic assay with enzyme specific substrate and calcium concentrations for each one of the three main groups of the enzyme. The APP ratio (APPr), the sPLA2 and iPLA2 activity were markedly decreased in AD in comparing with controls, whereas a cPLA2 and membrane fluidity didn\'t show any alteration between the groups evaluated. The APPr and iPLA2 also showed significant differences between MCI e AD, and were correlated with cognitive parameters MMSE and CAMCOG. The APPr was also correlated with DPH anisotropy.
Bickham, Grace Antia. "Major Depressive Disorder: Precursors, Predictors, and Coping Mechanism Among Undergraduate Students." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/743.
Повний текст джерелаMcClung, Jennifer. "Cognition in inter-group relations : the effect of group membership on theory of mind and its precursors." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3657.
Повний текст джерелаCargnelutti, Elisa. "Children and mathematics: beyond the role of cognitive abilities in early math achievement." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/10022.
Повний текст джерелаThe field of mathematical learning has received in recent years increasing attention in research, clinical and educational settings. The leading research line is dedicated to the investigation of the cognitive abilities fundamental for the acquisition and application of math concepts. Among general abilities, there is a wealth of evidence in favor of the recruitment of both working memory and short-term memory, despite there is no agreement concerning the involvement of the related subcomponents. Conflicting results pertain also the role of intelligence. Even major debate concerns more specific cognitive abilities, therefore those closely related to mathematics. In particular, it has not been elucidated the involvement of basic skills entailing approximate judgments about magnitudes and identified with ANS. Moreover, it is not yet clear how the recruitment of all these abilities can vary in dependence on stage of development and level of instruction. The other research line, almost independent from the previous, is dedicated to the evaluation of constructs non-cognitive in nature, for instance affective and motivational factors but also self-perceptions, in relation to academic achievement. Mainly studied are constructs such as self-efficacy and anxiety, with particular reference to a subtype of anxiety that is specific to math. Other relevant aspects are represented by constructs such as self-concept and self-esteem, but also depression. Nevertheless, this kind of studies is usually conducted on old children, typically in those attending secondary school or college, whereas less attention is dedicated to younger students. Starting from these considerations, the purpose of the current dissertation has been that of elucidating which are the factors, both cognitive and non-cognitive, that can assume a greater relevance at the beginning of schooling, i.e., in the first grades of primary school. These factors have been inspected both separately and by trying to find a possible interrelation between them. In CHAPTER 1, the topics that are object of the present work are illustrated by delineating the state-of-the-art pertinent to each of them. CHAPTER 2 is dedicated to the description of Study 1, where a broad range of cognitive abilities including memory, intelligence and ANS has been investigated just at the beginning of formal instruction and therefore in relation to early math competence. Having proved the significant involvement of all tested skills, the consequent aim was that of exploring to which extent the same are suitable in the prediction of math performance in following grades. This investigation has represented the topic of Study 2, illustrated in CHAPTER 3. In this study, children were longitudinally followed from first to third grade, observing that the tested abilities can successfully predict future math learning, but with a leading role of working memory. Once having shed light on the involvement of cognitive abilities, a second purpose was the investigation of the possible involvement in young students of non-cognitive factors. These constructs were thus assessed in Study 3, reported in CHAPTER 4. The sample was represented by second graders and more relevant aspects resulted to be self-efficacy and general anxiety. Contrary to expectations, anxiety specific to math appeared be non-significantly related to math performance. For this reason, Study 4, described in CHAPTER 5, was dedicated to an extensive evaluation of this constructs in third graders, in order to inspect when it could become relevant. Results suggested the association with math performance to establish in third grade, with particular impact of anxiety related to learning math rather than that associated to the math testing condition. The main findings emerging from overall studies and limitations, future directions and implications of the research are finally discussed in CHAPTER 6.
Negli ultimi anni, lo studio dell’apprendimento della matematica ha iniziato a ricevere crescente attenzione nel campo della ricerca, ma anche in quello clinico ed educativo. Maggiore interesse è dedicato allo studio delle abilità cognitive che sottostanno all’apprendimento e all’applicazione dei concetti matematici. Tra le abilità a carattere generale, in letteratura esiste un forte consenso sul ruolo cruciale della memoria, sia di lavoro che a breve termine, nonostante non sia del tutto chiarito il coinvolgimento relativo delle varie componenti della stessa. Dibattito sussiste anche in merito al ruolo dell’intelligenza. Ancora maggiori divergenze permangono in merito al ruolo di abilità più specifiche, ovvero strettamente pertinenti alla matematica. In particolare non c’è accordo sul ruolo di abilità molto di base, indicate come ANS, e che consistono nel fornire giudizi approssimati in merito a grandezze e quantità. In aggiunta, non è chiaro il coinvolgimento relativo delle sopraccitate abilità in relazione a determinati stadi dello sviluppo o livelli di istruzione. Il secondo filone di ricerca, perlopiù indipendente dal precedente, è rappresentato dalla valutazione di aspetti prettamente non-cognitivi, quali quelli affettivi e motivazionali, ma anche percezioni che gli individui formano in merito a se stessi e alle proprie capacità. I costrutti maggiormente indagati sono quelli dell’auto-efficacia e dell’ansia, sia generale che specifica per la matematica. Altri aspetti rilevanti sono rappresentati dal concetto di sé, dall’autostima e dalla depressione. Questi fattori sono tuttavia tipicamente valutati in studenti a partire dalla scuola secondaria, mentre minore attenzione viene dedicata a quelli frequentanti i primi anni del percorso scolastico. A partire da queste considerazioni, l’obiettivo primario del presente lavoro di tesi è consistito nella valutazione di quali fattori, sia cognitivi che non, hanno una maggiore rilevanza nell’ambito della prestazione matematica all’inizio della scolarità, più precisamente nelle prime classi della scuola primaria. Si è voluto valutare questi fattori sia indipendentemente, sia esplorandone la possibile influenza reciproca. Il CAPITOLO 1 è quindi dedicato alla discussione degli argomenti trattati in modo da fornire una panoramica sullo stato dell’arte attuale in merito alle ricerche condotte e ai relativi risultati. Il CAPITOLO 2 è centrato sulla descrizione dello Studio 1, in cui è stato testato un ampio spettro di abilità cognitive quali memoria, intelligenza e ANS, in bambini appena avviati all’istruzione formale e pertanto valutando il ruolo di queste abilità in relazione ad abilità matematiche precoci, prettamente informali. Verificato il coinvolgimento significativo di abilità tanto generali quanto specifiche all’inizio della scolarità, l’obiettivo conseguente è stato quello di verificare in che modo tali abilità siano in grado di predire l’apprendimento matematico negli anni successivi della scuola primaria. Questo obiettivo ha caratterizzato lo Studio 2, descritto nel CAPITOLO 3. Un campione di bambini è stato seguito longitudinalmente dalla classe prima alla classe terza, riscontrando che tutte le abilità indagate hanno un significativo impatto anche sull’apprendimento formale della matematica, ma con un ruolo primario assunto dalla memoria di lavoro. Una volta delineato il quadro delle abilità cognitive cruciali nei primi anni scuola, la volontà è stata quello di esplorare se anche costrutti non-cognitivi possano avere un impatto significativo. Lo Studio 3, illustrato nel CAPITOLO 4, si è quindi focalizzato anche sulla valutazione di questi aspetti in bambini di classe seconda, riscontrando un diretto coinvolgimento di auto-efficacia ed ansia generale. Contrariamente alle aspettative, l’ansia specifica per la matematica non è risultata avere alcun legame significativo con la prestazione matematica. A partire da questo risultato, l’obiettivo dello Studio 4, riportato nel CAPITOLO 5, è consistito nella valutazione più approfondita di questo costrutto in bambini di classe terza, in modo da esplorare quando lo stesso possa diventare rilevante ai fini della prestazione matematica. I risultati hanno dimostrato un ruolo significativo a questo livello, in particolare per quanto concerne l’ansia da apprendimento, piuttosto che di valutazione, della disciplina. Il CAPITOLO 6 è quindi dedicato alla discussione generale dell’elaborato in cui sono riassunti i principali risultati emersi e discusse le limitazioni, prospettive future ed implicazioni pratiche della ricerca.
XXVI Ciclo
1986
Alves, Marta Maria Osório. "Níveis séricos de fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro, citocinas e biomarcadores periféricos de estresse oxidativo e testes cognitivos em pacientes com leucemia linfoblástica aguda na infância e na adolescência." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/152798.
Повний текст джерелаThesis Title: Screening for Peripheral Arterial Disease: Impact on Pharmacological treatment of Hypertensive Patients and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Cardiovascular Risk Re-Stratification Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a syndrome in which atherosclerotic plaque causes obstruction in the arteries of the lower limbs. Smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes and hypertension are among the risk factors. While the latter is certainly the most frequent risk factor, the prevalence of PAD in this population has not been adequately evaluated. Only about 10% of affected individuals are symptomatic, and therefore diagnosis requires further examination. The ankle brachial index (ABI), which is the ratio of blood pressure measured in the dorsalis pedis or posterior tibial artey to the pressure measured on the brachial artery, is considered the gold standard for noninvasive diagnosis. Values below 0.9 are considered abnormal. There is a strong association between low ABI and incidence of cardiovascular events. In an effort to identify individuals who would more likely benefit from primary prevention, the ABI has been proposed as a tool for re-stratifying patients at intermediate cardiovascular risk. A decision regarding inclusion of this test in routine evaluation of such a large population must consider economic consequences; analyses of statin use on primary prevention have been published, and a study evaluating screening with high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein has also been published, but only considering an international scenario. To date, no economic assessment regarding the ABI has been conducted, neither abroad nor at national level. During literature review, we identified that guides for meta-analyzing data using widely available software were not available. We also encountered difficulty in graphically displaying descriptive data from observational studies. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in a reference hypertension outpatient clinic. A random sample of patients was selected and had ABI measured by two trained examiners. Two methods of calculating the ABI were used, considering the higher (HAP) and lower (LAP) ankle pressures. In a subset of patients the ABI was performed by both examiners to assess agreement. For the economic assessment, we conducted a cost-utility analysis from the public health system perspective. Markov model was designed to follow theoretical cohorts at intermediate-risk for cardiovascular events, comparing the strategies of usual care (no statins and no screening), ABI screening (and prescription of statins for patients with low ABI), and statins for all patients (without screening). Costs were based in public health system estimates and other parameters were based on a broad literature review. Results: A step by step description on performing a meta-analysis on Microsoft Excel was described, and a methodology for generating Forest Plots using this software was also developed. Spreadsheets with the formulas and a chart model was made available for download on an open access journal. On the cross-sectional study 222 patients were included (85.6% of the original sample). Most participants were females (71.7%), with a mean age of 64 ± 11.2. Prevalence of PAD was 14.9% (10.81% – 18.99%) considering the HAP and 33.8% (28.31% – 39.29%) considering LAP. Agreement between examiners was satisfactory by all assessments. Among the 38% of patients not receiving lipid therapy, 8.2% would change prescription after ABI screening by HAP (3% of the original sample). However, using the LAP method, up to 31.8% of those not using lipid lowering therapy would change prescription (12% of the original sample). On the cost-utility analysis, prescribing statins for all intermediate risk patients dominated the other strategies on the base case, yielding more utilities and fewer costs. The model was sensible to statin adverse effects, with a 1% decrement in quality of life negating statins benefits. In an alternative scenario considering costs for over the counter statins purchase, no screening would be the least costly alternative, and the ICERS for ABI screening and statins for all patients would be 72,317 and 83,325 R$/QALY for men and 47,496 and 77,721 R$/QALY for women. Main Conclusions: We identified that PAD is prevalent among hypertensive patients, particularly if the lower ankle pressure is considered. Among the main findings of this thesis, we conclude that measurement of ABI as a screening test in this population may lead to change in the pharmacological treatment of a significant number of patients. Nevertheless, the results of the economic analysis indicate that a strategy prescribing statins to all intermediate cardiovascular risk population would provide more utilities at a lower cost, once statins are considered a drug with little deleterious impact on quality of life and of a very low cost . In alternative scenarios where these assumptions may not hold, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of an ABI screening strategy could be within the acceptable standards for Brazil.
Martin, Antoine. "Méthodes d’ergonomie prospective pour l'exploration des besoins futurs : applications à l’hydrogène énergie pour l’habitat." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0074.
Повний текст джерелаEmerging hydrogen energy technologies will be integrated into future energy systems, which will not exist for several years. In this case, the analysis of current situations of uses is beneficial, but also insufficient, as it does not allow the identification of user needs that would be at odds with current uses. Ergonomics must therefore evolve to identify at an early stage the future needs that could be associated with these systems that do not yet exist. Nevertheless, anticipating future needs is difficult because users have a poor representation of the future and of future artefacts and activities. Moreover, designers have a representation of users that does not necessarily correspond to reality and they rely on the analysis of present situations to infer future needs. The definition of future artefacts’ ideas is also challenging because users do not have sufficient knowledge and designers focus on technical aspects, have difficulty integrating users and tend to limit themselves to their current knowledge of users and artefacts. This thesis aims at identifying methods that support a future user-centred ideation in the future fuzzy front end design phase. To meet this objective, this thesis proposes to evaluate and apply to hydrogen energy, a future fuzzy front end design phase methodology based on (1) the involvement of precursory users in needs anticipation interviews and (2) the use of the prospective persona method by experts. This thesis is based on three studies. Study 1 is a meta-analysis of the scientific literature on hydrogen energy. This study showed that the use of hydrogen energy for housing is little studied, even though it is a promising application, and that the users are insufficiently considered in this matter. Study 2 concerns the analysis of needs anticipation interviews on the theme of energy for housing. The results indicate that precursory users provide an opportunity to identify future needs that they are experiencing at present and that they have a rich representation of the field that enables them to imagine new future needs. Study 3 focuses on the analysis of creativity sessions carried out with ordinary persona, prospective persona or without persona. The results indicate that prospective persona promotes the generation of new and feasible artifact ideas
Bates, Mollie. "The development and evaluation of a 5-week readiness for change precursor to group cognitive-behavioral therapy for individuals with eating disorders." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/6351.
Повний текст джерелаStarr, Ariel. "From Magnitudes to Math: Developmental Precursors of Quantitative Reasoning." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9842.
Повний текст джерелаThe uniquely human mathematical mind sets us apart from all other animals. Although humans typically think about number symbolically, we also possess nonverbal representations of quantity that are present at birth and shared with many other animal species. These primitive numerical representations are thought to arise from an evolutionarily ancient system termed the Approximate Number System (ANS). The present dissertation aims to determine how these preverbal representations of quantity may serve as the foundation for more complex quantitative reasoning abilities. To this end, the five studies contained herein investigate the relations between representations of number, representations of other magnitude dimensions, and symbolic math proficiency in infants, children, and adults. The first empirical study, described in Chapter 2, investigated whether infants engage the ANS to represent the full range of natural numbers. The study presented in Chapter 3 compared infants' acuity for detecting changes in contour length to their acuity for detecting changes in number to assess whether representations of continuous quantities are primary to representations of number in infancy. The study presented in Chapter 4 compared individual differences in acuity for number, line length, and brightness in children and adults to determine how the relations between these magnitudes may change over development. Chapter 5 contains a longitudinal study investigating the relation between preverbal number sense in infancy and symbolic math abilities in preschool-aged children. Finally, the study presented in Chapter 6 investigated the mechanisms underlying the maturation of the number sense and determined which features of the number sense are predictive of symbolic math skill. Taken together, these findings confirm that number is a salient feature of the environment for infants and young children and suggest that approximate number representations are fundamental for the acquisition of symbolic math.
Dissertation
Γκούσκου, Ειρήνη. "Δυνατότητες εκπαιδευτικής αξιοποίησης εκ μέρους της τυπικής εκπαίδευσης του Μουσείου Φυσικής Ιστορίας α΄ γενιάς. Η επίδραση εκπαιδευτικών δραστηριοτήτων που λαμβάνουν χώρα στο Μουσείο Ζωολογίας του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών στην οικοδόμηση της έννοιας της ταξινόμησης από παιδιά προσχολικής ηλικίας". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/6999.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis presents the results of a research concerning the design, implementation and evaluation of a teaching intervention relevant to the classification of animals within the formal and non-formal education. This teaching intervention refers to preschoolers, is based on the principles of 'constructive' approach of teaching and learning of science and includes educational activities which take place both at school and at the zoological museum. According to the findings of the research, there is indications accordance to which children after the end of the teaching intervention are able to construct the concept of classification of animals using morphological characteristics instead of function or anthropomorphic ones. More specifically, this thesis gives indications according to which children after the teaching intervention are able (a) to improve their knowledge on the recognition and denomination of specimens of animals belonging to the categories of 'reptile', 'bird', 'fish' and 'mammal' and (b) to recognize a category of animals by an animal sample based on the morphological characteristics. Finally, it is also noted that the visit to the zoological museum and the educational activities carried out in situ seems to make a significant contribution in the transformation and progress of cognitive representations of children for the concept of classifying animals.
San, Pedro Maria Ofelia Clarissa Zapanta. "Middle School Learning, Academic Emotions and Engagement as Precursors to College Attendance." Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8RJ4JH7.
Повний текст джерелаLong, Justin M. "Novel regulation of neuronal genes implicated in Alzheimer disease by microRNA." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3758.
Повний текст джерелаAlzheimer disease (AD) results, in part, from the excess accumulation of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) as neuritic plaques in the brain. The short Aβ peptide is derived from a large transmembrane precursor protein, APP. Two different proteolytic enzymes, BACE1 and the gamma-secretase complex, are responsible for cleaving Aβ peptide from APP through an intricate processing pathway. Dysregulation of APP and BACE1 levels leading to excess Aβ deposition has been implicated in various forms of AD. Thus, a major goal in this dissertation was to discover novel regulatory pathways that control APP and BACE1 expression as a means to identify novel drug targets central to the Aβ-generating process. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short, non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression through specific interactions with target mRNAs. Global analyses predict that over sixty percent of human transcripts contain evolutionarily conserved miRNA target sites. Therefore, the specific hypothesis tested was that miRNA are relevant regulators of APP and BACE1 expression. In this work, several specific miRNA were identified that regulate APP protein expression (miR-101, miR-153 and miR-346) or BACE1 expression (miR-339-5p). These miRNAs mediated their post-transcriptional effects via interactions with specific target sites in the APP and BACE1 transcripts. Importantly, these miRNA also altered secretion of Aβ peptides in primary human fetal brain cultures. Surprisingly, miR-346 stimulated APP expression via target sites in the APP 5’-UTR. The mechanism of this effect appears to involve other RNA-binding proteins that bind to the APP 5’-UTR. Expression analyses demonstrated that these miRNAs are expressed to varying degrees in the human brain. Notably, miR-101, miR-153 and miR-339-5p are dysregulated in the AD brain at various stages of the disease. The work in this dissertation supports the hypothesis that miRNAs are important regulators of APP and BACE1 expression and are capable of altering Aβ homeostasis. Therefore, these miRNA may possibly serve as novel therapeutic targets for AD.