Статті в журналах: "Cognition of leadership"

1

Steers, R. M., C. J. Sanchez-Runde, and L. Nardon. "Culture, cognition, and managerial leadership." Asia Pacific Business Review 18, no. 3 (July 2012): 425–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602381.2011.640537.

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Voyer, John J., and Robert R. Faulkner. "Cognition and Leadership in an Artistic Organization." Academy of Management Proceedings 1986, no. 1 (August 1986): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.1986.4980478.

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3

Newman, Meredith A., Mary E. Guy, and Sharon H. Mastracci. "Beyond Cognition: Affective Leadership and Emotional Labor." Public Administration Review 69, no. 1 (January 2009): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2008.01935.x.

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4

Wray, Christopher. "A proposed new psychological model for judgement and decision-making." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 38, no. 4 (June 5, 2017): 549–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-06-2015-0120.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the implications for leadership development of a proposed new psychological model based on the integration of two distinct fields of research in cognitive science and neuroscience, namely, judgement and decision-making in the heuristics and biases tradition, and in particular the dual-process theory of cognition and its development into a tri-partite model; and the differences between the distinct modes of attention supported by left and right cerebral hemispheres. Design/methodology/approach The distinct fields of research are critically reviewed, the proposed new integrated conceptual framework is presented and compared with other relevant theory, and finally the implications for practice and the connection with contemporary leadership development theory are explored. Findings It is suggested that decision-makers’ performance in volatile or complex environments could be enhanced through the appropriate engagement of each among the expanded set of cognitive faculties identified in the proposed model, and that a decision-making methodology incorporating prompts to engage each of these aspects of cognition could be adopted by individuals or embedded in organisational processes. Research limitations/implications Potential connections for future research are suggested between the proposed new conceptual framework and existing theories concerning shared leadership in teams and reframing processes in a relational leadership context, and more comprehensive psychological theories of leadership incorporating relevant personality traits. Testable claims for future research are proposed, as the model is yet to be validated empirically. Originality/value This paper proposes a novel, integrated psychological model with potential relevance both as a conceptual framework for future research in contemporary leadership theory and as the basis for a decision-making methodology with practical application in leadership development.

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5

Zhang, Lin, and Xiaojun Zhang. "Contorted leadership in Chinese hierarchically oriented context." Chinese Management Studies 8, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 502–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-01-2014-0016.

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Purpose – The aim of this research is to explore the behavioral model of Chinese organizational leaders acquiring resources for the development of their organizations under the influence of hierarchically oriented social governance. Design/methodology/approach – The paper compares the differences between Western and Chinese contexts and conducts a grounded multi-case study to explore leadership behavioral model in the Chinese context. Findings – First, the Chinese social governance structure is hierarchically oriented, whereas the Western social governance structure is market oriented. Second, this unique inconformity found in the Chinese organizational leaders as contorted leadership, which refers to the inconsistency between leaders’ cognition and their behavior when acquiring resources for the development of their organizations, is defined. Third, the conflict between leaders’ cognition and behaviors is caused by the social governance mechanism within which leaders are embedded. Research limitations/implications – The authors have just made a first step to understand contorted leadership in the Chinese context, further researches should pay more attention to exploring the origins, functions and impacts of leaders’ contorted behaviors. Originality/value – First, leadership is linked with social governance by emphasizing on the core role of social governance in allocating the resources which organizational leaders scramble for. Second, a new kind of leadership –contorted leadership – in the Chinese context that emphasizes on the contradiction between leaders’ cognition and behavior, which deepens the understanding of leadership contextualization, is identified.

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MacDonald, Heather A., Lorne M. Sulsky, and Douglas J. Brown. "Leadership and Perceiver Cognition: Examining the Role of Self-Identity in Implicit Leadership Theories." Human Performance 21, no. 4 (October 14, 2008): 333–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08959280802347031.

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Anshori, Dadang S. "GENDER COGNITION IN RELIGIOUS DISCOURSE: A STUDY OF FRAMING IN THEMATIC HOLY KORAN INTERPRETATION." Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 6, no. 1 (July 29, 2016): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v6i1.2741.

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The study is aimed at describing gender cognition phenomenon in religious discourse in thematic interpretation (tafsir) of the Holy Koran published by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. Each interpretation book as a written discourse is different from each other due to author’s cognition frame. This study employs a constructive qualitative approach with technical framing analysis. The data are language data (religious text) that are obtainable from thematic interpretation of the Koran of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. Data analysis was performed on the following topics: the origins of the creation of men and women, women's leadership, women and inheritance rights, women and ownership, and women's testimony. The research findings show: (1) The lingual and religious discourse containing gender cognition are present in the forms of words, phrases, and sentences. The lingual form of religious discourse is related to the meaning of technical vocabulary that contains appropriate understanding of the discourse topic. (2) Discourse representing gender cognition is found on three topics: women leadership (nation leadership), waris (inheritance), and women’s testimony. In terms of inheritance and women’s testimony, this interpretation refers to conditions that are explicitly stated in the Holy Koran. Meanwhile, this interpretation views leadership of the nation as more worthy to be given to men than women. book looks is more worthy of leadership in the countries was given to men than women.

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8

Haroon, Saima, and Danish Ahmed Siddiqui. "Culturally-endorsed Leadership, Social cognition, and Entrepreneurial Orientation: An Empirical Inquiry." Business Management and Strategy 10, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bms.v10i2.16156.

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Entrepreneurial orientation can not only be influenced by leadership, culture, but also through social cognition induced through Job Demands and Resources. Moreover, higher Entrepreneurial orientation could further lead to job satisfaction. These intricate relationships were never explored before. Therefore, we proposed a theoretical framework combining (Stephan & Pathak, 2016) and (Ralph Kattenbach, 2018) models, and modifying them to include the concept of Job satisfaction. Stephan & Pathak (2016) investigated the impact of Culturally-endorsed implicit Leadership Theories (CLT) on individual entrepreneurship. CLTs is a concept of culture-level build on individual-level implicit leadership theory (ILT) proposed by (Robert G. Lord, 1991). (Ralph Kattenbach, 2018) modified (Bandura, 1997) social cognitive theory (SCT) to include Entrepreneurial orientation. SCT itself was a modified version of Job Demands-Resources Model proposed by (Demerouti, 2001). Empirical validity of the proposed theory was established by means of a survey based on close ended Likert scale type questionnaire that collected data from 200 corporate sector employees based in Karachi. It was later analyzed using structured equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis. This result showed that both cultural factors i.e. Uncertainty Avoidance and Collectivism have a significant and positive influence on both Self-Protective and Charismatic leadership. However, the effect of leadership on entrepreneurial orientation (EI) was not empirically significant. Similarly, the effect of both social cognitive factors i.e. Job Demand and Job resource on EI was positive and significant. EI and job demand had an insignificant effect on job satisfaction. However, job resource has a significant positive impact. This imply that job resource factors have a direct influence on EI as well as Job Satisfaction. But EI itself has no direct link with job satisfaction of employees. Hence, mapping and evaluating a culture of organization in consolidation with its employees’ job demand and resource factors may lead to higher job satisfaction.

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Holtz, Brian C., and Biyun Hu. "Passive leadership: relationships with trust and justice perceptions." Journal of Managerial Psychology 32, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-02-2016-0029.

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Purpose Despite its prevalence in organizations, passive leadership has received scant research attention compared to more active forms of leadership. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the significant impact that passive leadership can have on two core constructs in the organizational sciences – trust and perceptions of fairness. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected through self-report questionnaires (n=192), using a three-wave survey methodology in order to provide temporal separation between the predictor, mediator, and outcome variables. Findings Passive leadership was negatively associated with cognition-based trust. Further, passive leadership exerted a negative indirect effect on employee perceptions of justice, through cognition-based trust. Research limitations/implications Although this research was explicitly interested in employee perceptions, the use of self-report measures may be considered a study limitation. Practical implications This study underscores that passive leadership may represent a serious impediment to effective supervisor-employee relations. Employees do not trust supervisors who display a passive leadership style and a lack of trust can lead employees to perceive the supervisor as unfair. Originality/value This study contributes new insights into the psychological effects of passive leadership behavior by demonstrating the potential role of passive leadership in shaping employee perceptions of trust and fairness.

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Knap‑Stefaniuk, Agnieszka, and Eva Ambrozová. "Critical Thinking – the Basic Competency for Leadership in the 21st century." Perspektywy Kultury 33, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/pk.2021.3302.10.

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Critical thinking is the necessary competence for the processes of cognition, decision‑making, and taking‑action by managers. Its importance is increasing as fast, and relatively easy access to information of different quality and importance in terms of its possible impact can lead to decision paralysis or cognitive dissonance or result in an easier manipulation and influence. The article includes the essential aspects of critical thinking and the possibilities of developing and improving critical thinking in preparing students to be good leaders in the future.

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11

Naeem, Ayesha, Rab Nawaz Lodhi, and Aman Ullah. "How Transformational Leadership Influences the Knowledge-Sharing Process." International Journal of Knowledge Management 17, no. 2 (April 2021): 50–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkm.2021040103.

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This study aims to investigate the mediating effects of both affect-based and cognition-based trust on the relationship between using a transformational leadership style and the effectiveness of followers' knowledge sharing processes (i.e., knowledge donating and knowledge collecting). Using data collected from 287 employees at 32 pharmaceutical companies in Pakistan, the structural equation modelling (SEM) technique was utilised to analyse the hypothesised relationships. The results showed that leaders with a transformational leadership style directly affect their followers' knowledge donating and knowledge collecting processes. In addition, affect-based trust was found to fully mediate the relationships between transformational leadership and followers' knowledge donating and knowledge collecting processes, while cognition-based trust produced insignificant mediation effects. From a social exchange perspective, these findings demonstrate the importance of focusing on building affect-based trust between leaders and followers in order to develop transformational leadership that could positively influence the knowledge sharing process.

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Smith, David. "Study of Nigerian employees shows effect of change leadership on attitudinal support for changes." Human Resource Management International Digest 30, no. 1 (November 5, 2021): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hrmid-09-2021-0196.

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Purpose The purpose of the research was to examine how change leadership activities could help bring about employee support for planned organizational change. Design/methodology/approach The authors tested their theories on employees at Nigeria’s Federal Ministry of Education (FME), which was undergoing major reforms. The “Ministerial Strategic Plan” was to be implemented over four years from 2018 to 2022. Data came from employees at FME headquarters. Of the 212 respondents to a questionnaire, 58% were females, 85% were principal staff, while 15% were support staff. Findings Analysis showed that of the three hypothesized direct effects from change leadership, only the path from change leadership behaviors to cognitive appraisal (H1a) was statistically significant. The paths from change leadership to emotional response (H1b) and change leadership to intentions to support change (H1c) were not statistically significant. Meanwhile, hypothesis 2, which stated "employee cognition and emotion toward a change serially mediates the relationship between change leadership and employee behavioral intentions toward a planned change" was fully supported. Originality/value Previous studies had suggested an effect from change leadership behaviors, but there was a lack of the types of empirical evidence gathered in Nigeria. The results could also help managers to plan for changes by revealing the critical role of employees’ cognitive appraisal of the proposals. Change agents should focus on employee attitudes to changes as precursors to desired positive behavior.

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Retno Anggraini, Francisca Reni, and Fransiscus Asisi Joko Siswanto. "ETHICAL LEADERSHIP FOR INTERNAL AUDITOR: AN EXAMINATION OF SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY." Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia 16, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jaki.2019.09.

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Abstract This study aims to empirically examine the influence of subjective norms, behavioral control, and intention on the attitude of internal auditors to report fraud with ethical leadership as a moderating variable. This study used a scenario-based survey of internal auditors working in state-owned and mid-level private companies. The sample was chosen by the non-random method because the sample was taken from the participants of the SNIA (National Internal Auditor Symposium) and in total, 117 respondents were gathered as valid samples. Data were analyzed using Warp PLS 4.0. This study proves that subjective norms and behavioral control have a positive effect on the attitude of internal auditors to report fraud, while intention has a negative influence on the attitude. Ethical leadership strengthens the positive influence of subjective norms and behavioral control on the attitude of the internal auditors. It also reinforces the negative influence of intention on the internal auditors’ attitude. This research supports a model of integration between Theory of Planned Behavior and Social Cognitive Theory, which states that the environment, in this case ethical leadership, influences the internal auditor's cognition in making ethical decisions. However, this study cannot prove that ethical leadership can reduce the negative influence of intention on the attitude of internal auditors to report fraud.

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14

Jermier, John M. "The new leadership paradigm: Social learning and cognition in organizations." Leadership Quarterly 4, no. 2 (1993): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(93)90012-i.

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15

Chakim, Abdul. "DISCOURSE DEPUTY REGENT OF SAMPANG IN 2017 IN MUSREMBANG LEADERSHIP." Journal of Society & Media 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jsm.v3n1.p35-50.

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The 2017 Musrenbang Kabupaten was led by a vice Bupati. Because of the health condition, Bupati of Sampang cannot be present and leading the forum. The vice Bupati must show his leadership model as if he is the main leader. The success of Musrenbang forum depends on how a Bupati can manage, cooperate and lead all the participants in this forum. This study is to analyze the leadership discourse from 2017 Musrenbang Kabupten Speech Text and relevant literature. The methodology in this study is using discourse analysis. Then, it is led to Van Dijk Model Analysis. This model concerns on three part analyses. They are textual, social cognition and social context analyses. While textual analysis is based on the speech text, social cognition and context analyses are based on the external and what is behind of a discourse. Then, the result of this study is led to what kind of leadership model is showed by Vice Bupati of Sampang in Musrenbang Speech Text and why this speech text (concerned on the content) is produced. First, leadership model can be seen from the textual context in speech text. Second, why this speech text can be produced can be seen from the social cognition and context. So, the three approaches from Van Dijk Model Analysis can lead to two conclusions. They are the kind of leadership model and the background production of this speech text. The result of this study hopefully can be considered as a set of recommendation for the next Bupati in 2019

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Rivas-Campo, Yulieth, Patricia Alexandra García-Garro, Agustín Aibar-Almazán, Antonio Martínez-Amat, Gloria Cecilia Vega-Ávila, Diego Fernando Afanador-Restrepo, Felipe León-Morillas, and Fidel Hita-Contreras. "The Effects of High-Intensity Functional Training on Cognition in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review." Healthcare 10, no. 4 (April 2, 2022): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040670.

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(1) Background: High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) is a new exercise modality that emphasizes multi-joint functional movements adaptable to any fitness level and promotes greater muscle recruitment. Previous studies have evaluated the positive effects of HIFT on mental and cognitive health but have not evaluated it in older people. This study aims to conduct a systematic review of randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of HIFT on general cognition in older adults with cognitive impairment. (2) Methods: Following the PRISMA 2020 guideline, articles that did a high-intensity functional physical exercise intervention on cognitive performance in older adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment (MMSE > 10) or dementia, aged 55 years or older, published between 2011 and 2021 in five different electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane plus were included. (3) Results: 7 articles were included, all having general cognition as their primary outcome. All assessed general cognition using the Mini-Mental State Examination, the ADAS-Cog, or both. All studies had at least one HIFT experimental group with a frequency of 2 sessions per week and a variable duration between protocols of 12, 13, 16, and 26 weeks. Two articles showed that a progressive HIFT program improves general cognition, four articles showed no significant changes within or between groups and one article concluded that a HIFT intervention does not slow cognitive decline. (4) Conclusions: Evidence exists of the benefits of HIFT on general cognition in older adults with cognitive impairment, assessed using the MMSE, the ADAS-cog, or both. Two articles that showed improvement in cognitive function used progressive HIFT with 80% RM at 6, 12, and 1 weeks; however, in the other articles, due to the heterogeneity of intervention protocols, measurement time points, and control group activities, mixed results were evidenced

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Bozyigit, Elif. "The Importance of Leadership Education in University: Self-Leadership Example." International Education Studies 12, no. 4 (March 10, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v12n4p1.

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Self-leadership is a form of leadership that has emerged in the last quarter of a century. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in self-leadership strategies between students who choose leadership course and do not choose. The sample of this research consisted of 144 sports management students in 2018; 35 female (24.3%) and 109 male (75.7%). The average age of students is 22.38 (sd=2.88). While 30 students (20.8%) stated that they chose leadership course, 114 students (79.2%) stated that they did not choose leadership course. In this study, the Turkish version of Abbreviated Self-Leadership Questionnaire (ASLQ) was used as a data collection tool, but original ASLQ was developed by Houghton et al. (2012). The Turkish version of the scale was adopted by Şahin (2015). As a result of the reliability analysis, the Cronbach’s alpha value was found to be .74. There was a significant difference between ASLQ total scores of students who choose the leadership course and do not choose (yes/no). There was a significant difference between students who choose the leadership course and do not choose (yes/no) and the subscale scores; behavior awareness and volition, constructive cognition, and task motivation. According to the results obtained through the analysis, hypothesis 1 and 2 were accepted.

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Ennabih, Abdessamad, Allard C. R. Van Riel, and Zuzana Sasovova. "Leadership And New Product Development Project Performance: A Team Cognition Perspective." Academy of Management Proceedings 2016, no. 1 (January 2016): 16920. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.16920abstract.

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Gambrell, Kem M., Gina S. Matkin, and Mark E. Burbach. "Cultivating Leadership: The Need for Renovating Models to Higher Epistemic Cognition." Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 18, no. 3 (April 28, 2011): 308–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548051811404895.

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20

Herchen, Julia, Marcus Z. Cox, and Mark A. Davis. "Mitigating unethical pro-organizational behavior: Need for cognition and ethical leadership." Academy of Management Proceedings 2012, no. 1 (July 2012): 16415. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2012.16415abstract.

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21

Atkinson, Tim. "Using the Creative Cognition Approach in Essay Assignments in Leadership Education." Journal of Leadership Education 17, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12806/v17/i1/a3.

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22

Rose, Dennis Michael, and Raymond Gordon. "Age-related cognitive changes and distributed leadership." Journal of Management Development 34, no. 3 (April 13, 2015): 330–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-07-2013-0094.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the evidence for age-related changes in cognition and the implications for leadership styles. In particular, a case is argued for distributed forms of leadership that encourage contribution across the age spectrum and hierarchical levels. Design/methodology/approach – This paper takes a conceptual approach, combining the psychology and management literatures in arguing the case for newer leadership forms, appropriate to an ageing workforce. Findings – Three principal components of intelligence (fluid, and crystallised intelligence and working memory) are considered and it is argued that high levels of fluid intelligence, generally higher in younger employees, should be accessed while being balanced by crystallised intelligence (experience). Distributed leadership has been mainly applied in educational settings. This paper argues for distributed leadership to maximise creativity and innovation. Practical implications – Leadership forms that maximise creative input from staff across all age levels are likely to contribute to firm innovation and sustainability. Additionally, job satisfaction and turnover among junior staff may be positively influenced through opportunities for greater participation. Social implications – The elements discussed in this paper address important leadership issues for managing a multigenerational workforce. Originality/value – Distributed leadership has been discussed in educational and health literatures for some time; however it is only recently that this approach to leadership has appeared in mainstream management literature. The discussion of age-related changes and distributed leadership introduces and important topic for further research in newer forms of leadership.

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Ptak, Małgorzata M., and Mirosław J. Śmiałek. "(Nie)rozumienie zjawiska przywództwa w przestrzeni edukacyjnej." Studia Edukacyjne, no. 61 (June 15, 2021): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/se.2021.61.7.

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In the contemporary and dynamic educational reality, also known as socialization, a young person (or is it just a young one [sic!]) in a process of gaining experience, instead of understanding the environment better with time, gets lost, has problems with self-determination, struggles between the important and the irrelevant, the desired and the redundant, good and harmful. The wisdom and educational experience, the educational process and recognized educational influences should become helpful. The pragmatism of the theory of cognition often allows for conclusions and reflections on every process of scientific cognition. In the area of axiology, it may constitute a “pillar of pedagogical initiation”. In view of the holistic format of the majority of educational phenomena, the subject as a balanced dialogue and consistent in the autonomy of leadership (especially educational!) fits perfectly well the latest theories and trends of modern pedagogical, psychological and social knowledge as well as theories of inter-/intrapersonal management. The above indications are the basis for a wise leadership in education and an upbringing in leadership. Knowledge of leadership issues, understood as the process of socialization, may wisely support and strengthen educational influences. Otherwise, by unwise influences, from the pedagogical point of view, something can be irretrievably lost and wasted. To understand the phenomenon of leadership, you must first thoroughly analyze the issue of leadership in groups, trying to show relationships with other people in the process. This is vital due to the frequent confusion of the concepts of leadership and management, or leadership and command. Leadership is often recognized via its chief attribute by e.g. persistence of community, debates, personalization of tasks and actions, bonds of belonging, dynamisms of interpersonal relations (atmosphere and culture in task situations) and roles as an axiom of task decision-making.

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Triana, Hetti Waluati, Marlyna Maros, Martin Kustati, and Reflinaldi. "Struggling for Leadership Authority: Critical Discourse Analysis on Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono's Political Speech." Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication 38, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2022-3801-08.

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This study aims to determine the socio-cognitive dimensions of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono's (AHY) political speech as chairman of the Democratic Party (DP). The data was taken from AHY's speech entitled Konferensi Pers Ketua Umum Partai Demokrat Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono which was broadcasted on Agus Yudhoyono's YouTube channel. The lingual data was taken by using free listening techniques through the stages of transcription, reading and observation, sorting, storing and printing, re-reading, and determining the research subject. Meanwhile, non-lingual data was collected by using the Internet archive documentation method. The data were analysed through extra lingual matching technique, hermeneutics, and phenomenology. The analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data display, conclusion, and verification. The findings showed that AHY represents himself as a democratic, caring, vigilant, thorough, careful, and committed to party sovereignty leader. The social cognition aspect of AHY is dominated by his background as a former military officer and his status as party leader. The narrative built in his speech was influenced by the poor results of DP in the last 2 elections, the low electability of DP, and conflicts at the internal level of DP. The sociocognitive analysis showed that AHY constructs leadership authority by representing himself as a selective, strategic, and political leader. The three characters he builds are the strong influence of his social cognition. Through his speech, AHY strives to fight for his leadership authority, both as the general chairman of the DP, and for the wider community. Keywords: Leadership authority, critical discourse analysis, political speech, sociocognitive analysis, political speech.

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Murthy, Vikram, and Aasha Murthy. "Adaptive leadership responses." World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 10, no. 3 (July 8, 2014): 162–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-05-2013-0029.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to posit a hierarchical classification of enactments, practices and virtues that comprise an emerging adaptive leadership response to the prevailing volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) conditions. Design/methodology/approach – Reports and discusses the findings of two neo-classical grounded theory research studies to theorise augmented leadership repertoires for VUCA worlds. The first study was conducted with eight large regional and multinational organisations in Australia. The second is an on going, longitudinal study undertaken with 18 regional, national and multinational organisations in New Zealand. Findings – The first neo-classical grounded theory study in Australia identifies a set of emerging leadership practices labelled, “Zeitgeist – Integrating Cognition, Conscience and Collective Spirit”, as part of such a repertoire. The preliminary results of the second neo-classical grounded theory research extension in New Zealand, results in the further grounded theorising of the ensemble leadership repertoire (ELR), which is an emerging and hierarchical classification of leadership enactments, practices and virtues for prevailing times. The classification is robust because of its methodological similarities and conceptual congruence with other emerging and well-accepted classifications like, for example, character strengths in positive psychology. Originality/value – The grounded theorising provides a core category of the ELR which has its origins in substantive context. It lists 93 enactments inducted from leaders’ key phrases. These enactments in turn aggregate in relational sets through the process of constant comparison to describe 14 practices, which in sets of dyads and triads describe the five zeitgeist leadership virtues of being present, being good, being in touch, being creative and being global.

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Isaksen, Scott G., Barbara J. Babij, and Kenneth J. Lauer. "Cognitive Styles in Creative Leadership Practices: Exploring the Relationship between Level and Style." Psychological Reports 93, no. 3 (December 2003): 983–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2003.93.3.983.

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This study investigated the relationship between two measures used to assist change and transformation efforts, the Kirton Adaption–Innovation Inventory which assesses style or manner of cognition and problem-solving, not level or capability, and the Leadership Practices Inventory which measures the extent to which leaders exhibit certain leadership behaviors associated with accomplishing extraordinary results. These two measures of level and style should be conceptually distinct and show no or only modest correlation. Analysis yielded statistically significant and meaningful relationships between scores on the Kirton inventory and two scales of the Leadership Practices Inventory. Implications and challenges for research and practice were outlined.

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Maeneja, Reinaldo, Inês S. Ferreira, Cláudia R. Silva, and Ana Maria Abreu. "Cognitive Benefits of Exercise: Is There a Time-of-Day Effect?" Healthcare 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2022): 1766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091766.

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It is well established that physical activity benefits cognition. Further, the time of day one engages in physical activity has been suggested to influence cognition. Here, we aimed to understand if there is a time-of-day effect (morning or afternoon) of physical activity on cognition, i.e., if exercising in the morning or afternoon might bring greater cognitive benefits. A total of 56 participants were allocated to one of two groups with the same baseline cognitive performance as well as fitness level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire—IPAQ): 27 to the morning intervention (M) group; and 29 to the afternoon intervention (A) group. In both groups, the participants engaged in an intermittent recovery test (Yo-yo), 4 times a week for 12 weeks. All participants were assessed with the d2 Test of Attention and the Borg scale of perceived exertion pre- and post- acute and chronic intervention. After the first bout of exercise and after 12 weeks, we observed cognitive improvements both in the M and A groups. Surprisingly, we do not find differences between the time of day regarding cognitive benefits. Our results do not support the existence of a time-of-day effect for the attentional cognitive benefits of exercise.

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Raza, Ali, Moreno Muffatto, and Saadat Saeed. "Cross-country differences in innovative entrepreneurial activity." Management Decision 58, no. 7 (December 5, 2018): 1301–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-11-2017-1167.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between entrepreneurial cognition and innovative entrepreneurial activity (IEA) across countries using an institutional perspective. Design/methodology/approach The paper tests theoretical model using data collected by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness study and the Index of Economic Freedom (IEF). A multi-level analysis is performed based on set of 1,004,620 observations from 49 countries spanning 13 years (2001–2013). Findings The results suggest that in terms of formal regulations; the relationship between entrepreneurial cognitions and IEA becomes stronger when there is an increase in intellectual property right and business freedom regulations in a country. On the other hand, in terms of informal institutions the relationship between entrepreneurial cognitions and IEA becomes stronger when the level of institutional collectivism and uncertainty decreases and performance orientation increases. Originality/value The study indicates that entrepreneurship by innovation increases when the individuals possess high level of entrepreneurial cognition under suitable institutional conditions (e.g. intellectual property right, business freedom, institutional collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and performance orientation).

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CHEN, Zi-Guang. "The Differences in Cognition of Top Managers' Leadership Types in Chinese Enterprises." Japanese Journal of Administrative Science 8, no. 2 (1993): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5651/jaas.8.107.

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Spillane, James P., Richard R. Halverson, and John Diamond. "Théorisation du leadership en éducation : une analyse en termes de cognition située." Education et sociétés 21, no. 1 (2008): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/es.021.0121.

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Murase, Toshio, Dorothy R. Carter, Leslie A. DeChurch, and Michelle A. Marks. "Mind the gap: The role of leadership in multiteam system collective cognition." Leadership Quarterly 25, no. 5 (October 2014): 972–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2014.06.003.

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Chao, Chih-Yang, Chin-Wen Liao, Kung-Huang Lin, and Tsai-Hsiu Chen. "Staffs’ Cognition of National High School on Leadership Style of Novice Principal." International Journal of Learning: Annual Review 17, no. 7 (2010): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9494/cgp/v17i07/47130.

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Littrell, Romie Frederick. "Leadership, Charisma, Holistic &. Analytic Cognition and Potential Fallacies of Dimension Theories." Academy of Management Proceedings 2012, no. 1 (July 2012): 15479. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2012.15479abstract.

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Alnakhli, Hayam, Rakesh Singh, Raj Agnihotri, and Omar S. Itani. "From cognition to action: the effect of thought self-leadership strategies and self-monitoring on adaptive selling behavior." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 35, no. 12 (April 13, 2020): 1915–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-06-2019-0302.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate salespersons’ self-monitoring and its effect on adaptive selling behavior. As salespeople are constantly facing different customers with various needs and want and engaging in a different sales situation, salespeople must deploy their inner capabilities in practicing adaptive selling behavior during and across sales interactions. This study also investigates the impact of salesperson’s intrapersonal leadership – where leadership stems from the individuals with the purpose to influence oneself. Design/methodology/approach Authors draw on the social cognitive theory of self-regulation to develop our model and examine the relationship between self-monitoring, thought self-leadership and adaptive selling behavior. We empirically test the model using data from 335 pharmaceutical salespeople working across several countries in Asia. Findings The results support the role of self-monitoring and thought self-leadership as antecedents to adaptive selling. Further, the results suggest that self-monitoring positively moderates the relationship between thought self-leadership and adaptive selling behavior. In light of these results, we explore implications and limitations and conclude by suggesting directions for further research. Research limitations/implications The sampling method used was convenience sampling, which may limit the theoretical generalization of our results across all emerging markets. Moreover, this study examines the direct impact of self-management mechanism on adaptive selling behavior and the way it interacts with salesperson's thought self-leadership to strengthen adaptive selling behavior. However, the research model does not include organization-level drivers. Originality/value This study makes an important and original contribution to sales literature by demonstrating the direct and interaction effects of self-monitoring mechanism on a critical component of a business to business sales process, adaptive selling behavior. Results from this study highlight the critical importance of cognitive processes that drives positive selling behavior.

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Turner, John R., and Rose Baker. "Team Emergence Leadership Development and Evaluation: A Theoretical Model Using Complexity Theory." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 16, no. 02 (April 25, 2017): 1750012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649217500125.

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This paper presents a leadership development model that is designed to utilise the self-organising, self-managing, and self-regulating functions found in teams and small groups. This theoretical paper presents the Team Emergence Leadership Development and Evaluation Model as a new dynamic leadership development model designed to function in complex and non-predictive environments. Complexity theory, complexity leadership theory, and emergence were utilised to connect this theoretical model to leadership development, team cognition and learning, and knowledge management. This new theoretical model provides a new way of viewing leadership development, by incorporating naturally occurring team processes as a means of replicating the characteristics traditionally viewed as being related to leadership development. Emergent events occur through distributed leadership among various agents and are defined by levels of meaning, providing new knowledge to the agents, and allowing for the collective to move onto the next step towards goal attainment. Connecting leadership development competencies with the environmental factors is critical for successful leadership development programs. The methods and procedures within the evaluation plan and protocols should move beyond a reliance on competency development as confirmation of leadership development. Complexity theory can help to shed light on the formation of these connections while aiding other agents to become potential emerging leaders themselves.

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Yang, Kaijun, Riza Yosia Sunindijo, and Cynthia Changxin Wang. "Identifying Leadership Competencies for Construction 4.0." Buildings 12, no. 9 (September 13, 2022): 1434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091434.

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With the development of the times, the challenge of the construction industry entering Construction 4.0 and surviving in it is still formidable. Although many studies state the importance of effective leadership in the context of Construction 4.0, there is a need to investigate what leadership qualities can eectively provide guidance on leading construction organisations in this era. Through a focused review, this study aims to propose a series of key leadership competencies in the context of Construction 4.0 for guiding the digital transformation and the development of leaders in construction organisations, as well as complementing the existing Construction 4.0 research gap in organisational management. Through in-depth analysis of the retrieved literature, this research extracted and analysed 22 leadership competencies, classified them into four top-level themes (cognition, interpersonal communication, business, and strategy), and discussed the potential relationships among them. Theoretically, the article provides the basis and guidance for future leadership research by redefining and explaining the meaning of each competency. In practice, the paper provides construction industry practitioners with guidance on the development of effective leadership in the era of Construction 4.0.

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Barizi, Muhammad Mabrur. "Reading the Qur’an from the Contemporary Approach of Maqāṣid al-Sharī’a (A Case Study of Non-Muslim Leadership in Indonesia)". Ulumuna 22, № 1 (28 травня 2018): 112–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v22i1.290.

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This paper examines the Qur’anic verses on leadership from the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharīʻa. There has been an assumption that the norms and practices of Islamic law are incompatible to modern ideas. The Qur’an as a major source of shari’ah is here interpreted through a system approach that includes several components, namely natural cognition, inclusiveness, interrelation of hierarchy, multi-division and meaningfulness. The analysis comprises of four stages: identifying the correlated-focus verses, identifying their meanings, exploring the maqāṣid al-sharīʻa and contextualizing it to the Indonesian context. This method will be applied to conceive of the Qur’anic verses on leadership, including non-Muslim leadership. There are six special verses discussing about this issue and seven others in general. This study shows that although there are verses that restrict non-Muslim leadership for Muslims but other, more general, verses emphasize on the capability of leadership in upholding justice and peace. The ones that stress such gerenal conditions are relevant to the Indonesian context.

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Best, Deborah L., and Judith L. Gibbons. "Women Across the History of Cross-Cultural Psychology: Research and Leadership." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 53, no. 7-8 (August 2022): 976–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220221221112366.

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Across the years as interest in culture grew in the field of psychology, women contributed to its growth by leading research into new areas, such as children’s socialization and family dynamics, and acknowledging the critical role of the social and environmental context. Moreover, women were significant partners in team-led projects, developing methodologies that have been successfully employed to study cultural similarities and differences. Women have expanded psychological research in many domains, investigating the role of culture in cognitive areas, such as perceptual learning, cognition, and languages, as well as in social areas such as cultural stereotypes, acculturation, self-construal, attributions, and human development. Women have also investigated appropriate psychometric testing for valid assessments, critical for establishing equivalence in cross-cultural research. As women’s research voices grew, they have slowly advanced into important roles in academic organizations, such as IACCP. Although men continue to dominate leadership positions in IACCP and other similar organizations, women have become more visible in recent years. Indeed, women have made important research and leadership contributions to the growth and direction of cross-cultural psychology, and they will certainly continue to do so in the future.

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Yuan, Chuqin, Yanfei Wang, Wenyuan Huang, and Yu Zhu. "Can coaching leadership encourage subordinates to speak up? Dual perspective of cognition-affection." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 40, no. 4 (June 10, 2019): 485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-01-2018-0009.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the influencing mechanism of coaching leadership (CL) on employee voice behavior (VB) based on cognitive-affective system theory of personality (CAPS). Specifically, the study intends to build a model of psychological security (PS) and openness to change (OC) that mediate the relationship between CL and employee VB at an individual-level and group-level from cognitive-affective dual perspective.Design/methodology/approachCL, employee VB, PS and OC were assessed in an empirical study based on a supervisor–subordinate dyads sample of 287 employees and 72 team leaders from enterprises in Southern China.FindingsFrom CAPS theory perspective, the authors found that CL promotes employee VB and that PS and OC mediate the relationship between CL and VB.Practical implicationsResults underscore the importance of encouraging managers to engage in CL behaviors, which are conductive to enhancing employee PS and OC thereby improving employee VB. These results also highlight the significance of managerial attention to a secure voice atmosphere and the improvement of employees’ affective commitment to organizational change.Originality/valueThe research findings provide a significant contribution to the literature in that it shows PS and OC as crucial dual mediating mechanism through which CL influences VB. Moreover, this paper is one of the few studies answering the call to examine the effect of leadership at multiple levels.

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Neumann, Anna. "Context, Cognition, and Culture: A Case Analysis of Collegiate Leadership and Cultural Change." American Educational Research Journal 32, no. 2 (June 1995): 251–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/00028312032002251.

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Gorman, Jamie C., David A. Grimm, Ronald H. Stevens, Trysha Galloway, Ann M. Willemsen-Dunlap, and Donald J. Halpin. "Measuring Real-Time Team Cognition During Team Training." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 62, no. 5 (June 18, 2019): 825–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720819852791.

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Objective A method for detecting real-time changes in team cognition in the form of significant communication reorganizations is described. We demonstrate the method in the context of scenario-based simulation training. Background We present the dynamical view that individual- and team-level aspects of team cognition are temporally intertwined in a team’s real-time response to challenging events. We suggest that this real-time response represents a fundamental team cognitive skill regarding the rapidity and appropriateness of the response, and methods and metrics are needed to track this skill. Method Communication data from medical teams (Study 1) and submarine crews (Study 2) were analyzed for significant communication reorganization in response to training events. Mutual information between team members informed post hoc filtering to identify which team members contributed to reorganization. Results Significant communication reorganizations corresponding to challenging training events were detected for all teams. Less experienced teams tended to show delayed and sometimes ineffective responses that more experienced teams did not. Mutual information and post hoc filtering identified the individual-level inputs driving reorganization and potential mechanisms (e.g., leadership emergence, role restructuring) underlying reorganization. Conclusion The ability of teams to rapidly and effectively reorganize coordination patterns as the situation demands is a team cognitive skill that can be measured and tracked. Application Potential applications include team monitoring and assessment that would allow for visualization of a team’s real-time response and provide individualized feedback based on team member’s contributions to the team response.

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Lei, Han-Sheng, Chuan-Fu Lai, and Chih-Chang Chen. "How Does Project Supervisor Maintain Sustainability of Project Members? A Study from Leadership Perspective." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 6, 2018): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082785.

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Project members’ innovative behavior is crucial to their sustainability and successful implementation of the project. This research develops a conceptual model to explore the effect of project supervisor leadership skills on member’s innovative behavior. The model is examined by a sample of 437 project members in Taiwan. The results show that project supervisors’ emotional healing positively influences members’ innovative behavior through affect-based trust in their supervisor and supervisor conceptual skill has an inverted-U impact on members’ innovative behavior through cognition-based trust in their supervisor. This paper further discusses implications of these conclusions for additional research on the association between leadership skills and innovative behavior.

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Cho, Myung Hee, In Ja Jung, and Mi Kyung Park. "Variables related to self-leadership of Korean nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis." Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education 26, no. 3 (August 31, 2020): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5977/jkasne.2020.26.3.213.

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Purpose: This study considers the variables related to self-leadership of Korean nursing students and verifies the results of precedent studies through meta-analysis.Methods: This study selected a total of 48 precedent studies regarding the investigation of the correlation between variables related to self-leadership of nursing students conducted between 2009 and 2019 and carried out a meta-analysis.Results: For the effect size of variables related to self-leadership of nursing students, individual characteristics had a medium effect size (ESr=.49) and the effect size was larger for meta-cognition (ESr=.65), emotional intelligence (ESr=.58), and self-efficacy (ESr=.54). The characteristics of nursing competency (ESr=.45) also had a medium effect size and the effect size was larger for professional self-concept (ESr=.60), social support (ESr=.58), and critical thinking (ESr=.56). This result shows that individual characteristics were highly correlated with self-leadership compared to the characteristics of nursing competency.Conclusion: This study is significant in that it verified the effect of variables related to self-leadership and presented the direction and preliminary data for a follow-up study. It is necessary to include variables considering individual characteristics in the development of an educational program for improving self-leadership in the future.

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Lyndon, Shiji, and Ashish Pandey. "Deconstructing the shared leadership emergence process in entrepreneurial teams." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 28, no. 3 (February 17, 2021): 360–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-04-2020-0136.

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PurposeEntrepreneurship literature has not sufficiently explored the process of how, at different points in time, different members of the co-founding team emerge as leaders. The purpose of this paper is to deconstruct the phenomenon of shared leadership emergence process amongst co-founders in entrepreneurial teams.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a qualitative approach. 21 co-founders from 7 entrepreneurial teams participated in the study. In-depth interviews were conducted. The data were analysed using Nvivo 11 software.FindingsThe study elaborates the process model of shared leadership emergence. The study found that shared interpersonal cognition and trust amongst the co-founders lead to claiming and granting of leadership. The findings also illustrate various strategies used by co-founders to emerge as leaders.Practical implicationsThe findings provide key insights to entrepreneurial teams by illuminating what kind of leadership dynamics should be developed, right from the initial stages of the venture. Also, the findings would be beneficial to investors, mentors and coaches of the entrepreneurial teams and ventures, by highlighting team dynamics to be considered before making any investment or team development decisions.Originality/valueThe inductive approach adopted in the study helps in understanding the process of shared leadership emergence in entrepreneurial teams, which is not adequately answered by previous studies. The study extends both shared leadership and entrepreneurship literature by providing a process theory of leadership emergence.

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Eto, Naoko. "Effects of distributed leadership in high schools on students' and teachers' cognition and behavior." Japanese Journal of Administrative Science 26, no. 2 (2013): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5651/jaas.26.133.

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Griffith, Jennifer A., Carter Gibson, Kelsey Medeiros, Alexandra MacDougall, Jay Hardy, and Michael D. Mumford. "Are You Thinking What I’m Thinking?: The Influence of Leader Style, Distance, and Leader–Follower Mental Model Congruence on Creative Performance." Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 25, no. 2 (January 13, 2018): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548051817750537.

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Leaders have been classified as having charismatic, ideological, or pragmatic (CIP) leadership styles, each characterized by distinct patterns in cognition and interaction. Although each CIP style has been shown to facilitate certain aspects of the creative process for followers, questions remain regarding the impact of leadership style on overall follower creative performance. One factor likely to influence this relationship is leader distance, composed of the physical distance, perceived social distance, and perceived task interaction among leaders and followers. Past research has also emphasized the role of leaders’ mental models as they relate to follower performance. Less understood, however, is how the mental models of followers may affect this process. Using the CIP model of leadership, this study explores leader distance and leader–follower mental model congruence on follower creative performance. Results indicated that while leadership style does not directly influence follower creativity, it interacts with leader distance to shape creative outcomes. Results further indicated that while general mental model congruence is not predictive, alignment on specific mental model dimensions contributes to enhanced creative performance among followers. Implications and future research directions are discussed.

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Cosner, Shelby, Lisa Walker, Jason Swanson, Martha Hebert, and Samuel P. Whalen. "Examining the architecture of leadership coaching." Journal of Educational Administration 56, no. 3 (May 9, 2018): 364–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jea-05-2017-0049.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the coaching structures that aspiring principals associate with developmentally consequential coaching interactions; identify structural features/functions/attributes that shape a structure’s developmental utility and use; and consider how a multifarious coaching structure might advantage the learning experiences of aspiring principals. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study included multiple interviews with two cohorts of aspiring principals (n=20) from one preparation program and with their leadership coaches (n=5) and was framed using the theories of social capital and networks, situated learning, and distributed cognition. Findings The authors identified eight coaching structures that aspirants identified as consequential to their learning and development. The authors identified four structural features/functions/attributes that shape a structure’s developmental utility. The authors identified three factors that contribute to the developmental utility of this multifarious coaching model. Research limitations/implications This study includes a relatively small participant sample –70 percent of the aspiring principals from two cohorts within one preparation program. Data do not include direct observations of coaching interactions within the context of individual coaching structures. Practical implications The findings suggest that the structuring of leadership coaching is a critical consideration for those designing leadership coaching programs. This multifarious structuring of leadership coaching created three developmental affordances. Originality/value This paper generates new knowledge for the field of principal preparation related to the structuring of leadership coaching and ways in which structuring can shape aspirant learning experiences. These findings are likely to also be instructive to those interested in coaching more generally.

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Borda, Miguel Germán, Ana María Ayala Copete, Diego Alejandro Tovar-Rios, Alberto Jaramillo-Jimenez, Lasse Melvær Giil, Hogne Soennesyn, Camilo Gómez-Arteaga, et al. "Association of Malnutrition with Functional and Cognitive Trajectories in People Living with Dementia: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 79, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 1713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-200961.

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Background: In dementia, functional status depends on multiple factors in addition to cognition. Nutritional status is a potentially modifiable factor related to homeostasis and proper functioning of body systems and may contribute to cognitive and functional decline. Objective: This paper aims to analyze the association of malnutrition with the course of cognitive and functional decline in people living with dementia. Methods: This is an analysis of a longitudinal cohort study, the Dementia Study of Western Norway. Data of 202 patients diagnosed with mild dementia were analyzed; Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (n = 103), Lewy body dementia (LBD) (n = 74), and other dementias (OD) (n = 25). Cognition was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination and functional decline through the activities of daily living included in the Rapid Disability Rating Scale. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Index was used to determine nutritional status. Associations of nutritional status with cognitive and functional decline were evaluated through adjusted linear mixed models. Results: At baseline, the prevalence of general malnutrition was 28.7%; 17.3% were classified as moderate malnutrition and 11.38% as severe malnutrition (there were no significant differences between AD and LBD). Malnutrition at diagnosis and over follow-up was a significant predictor of functional-decline, but not of cognitive decline. Conclusion: According to our results malnutrition was associated with faster functional loss but, not cognitive decline in older adults with dementia. A more comprehensive dementia approach including nutritional assessments could improve prognosis.

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Furtner, Marco R., John F. Rauthmann, and Pierre Sachse. "The Socioemotionally Intelligent Self-Leader: Examining Relations Between Self-Leadership and Socioemotional Intelligence." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 38, no. 9 (October 1, 2010): 1191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2010.38.9.1191.

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For the first time, the associations among the relatively new construct of self-leadership (SL; Neck & Houghton, 2006) and socioemotional intelligence (SEI; Riggio & Reichard, 2008) are examined. One hundred and sixty-eight participants gave self-reports on SL and SEI. Generally, SL and subfacets correlated positively with SEI and subfacets, however, strong associations were found for social sensitivity and emotional expressivity, but no associations were found for emotional control. Findings are discussed in light of SL regulation strategies concerning cognition, emotion, and behavior.

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Lazutina, Galina, Chuanzhao Lin, and Olga Smirnova. "Modeling as a Method of Cognition in the Context of the Study of Leaders Representations." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 8, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 569–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2019.8(3).569-584.

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The article raises the problem of creating a theoretical basis for media representation of political leaders’ activities. To substantiate the relevance of the topic, the authors rely, on the one hand, on the importance of such media representation, and on the other hand, on the importance of modeling, a method that has proved to be the best way of cognition and construction of reality in modern science. Modeling makes it possible to make a sign model of the objects of reality. It helps to understand them and to find opportunities for their improvement. This process is extremely important for the development of political communication representation in the media. The authors characterize the essence of modeling as of a scientific method, its principles and algorithms; they highlight its main stages and procedures. They focus on the possibilities the modeling gives when studying political leadership and its media representation. The article gives a general description of this phenomenon, examines its theory, and draws attention to the importance of the synthetic leadership theory and the factors that determine the style of a political leader. The functions of a political leader and the structure of the activities necessary for the implementation of these functions are presented in detail. Political leader’s activity model is developed on these grounds. It includes the main components of the leader’s function, the types of the activities necessary to implement these functions, and the forms of work traditionally used in the practice of political leadership. The model is useful when studying media representation of some specific politicians. The authors suggest methods, as a research tool, that allow getting information about the content, structure and genre of the media presentations. The conclusions emphasize the importance of a journalist’s responsibility in working on a political media presentation, and consider the prospects the modeling has for improvement of media representation practice both in Russia and worldwide.

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