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Rêgo, Carla, Luís Pereira-da-Silva, and Ricardo Ferreira. "CoFI - Consenso Sobre Fórmulas Infantis: A Opinião de Peritos Portugueses sobre a Sua Composição e Indicações." Acta Médica Portuguesa 31, no. 12 (December 28, 2018): 754. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.10620.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: Breastfeeding has unique health benefits. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended during the first six months of life and should be maintained during complementary feeding. Alternatively, infant formulas, which are designed to mimic human breastmilk to promote similar metabolic and growth profiles, can be used. This study aimed to assess the opinion of Portuguese paediatricians with expertise in nutrition on the composition, benefits and indications of commercialised infant formulas.Material and Methods: A survey based on the Delphi method with application of a questionnaire developed by a scientific committee was issued to a panel of paediatricians with expertise in nutrition. An initial questionnaire that included 65 items covering 11 areas was administered in two rounds.Results: Twenty-one experts participated, and the final response rate was 87.5%. The panel was in agreement in 68.3% of the enquired items, namely that infant formulas should be used only when breastfeeding is not possible. Notwithstanding, the opinion of the panel was heterogeneous on a number of issues, particularly those related to the advantages and indications of ‘special’ or modified infant formulas (partially hydrolysed formulas and anti-colic, anti-constipation and anti-regurgitation formulas) and of young child formulas (‘growing-up formulas’).Discussion: A wide consensus was recorded on the nutritional quality, food safety and indications attributed to commercialized infant formulas.Conclusion: The opinion of Portuguese experts was consensual in most of the enquired topics. The absence of consensus was mostly related to issues that remain under debate in the literature and lack robust scientific evidence.
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Kawahara, Kazuki, Hiroya Oki, Shunsuke Fukakusa, Takahiro Maruno, Yuji Kobayashi, Daisuke Motooka, Tooru Taniguchi, et al. "Cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis of CofB, the minor pilin subunit of CFA/III from human enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 71, no. 6 (May 20, 2015): 663–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x15005890.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Colonization factor antigen III (CFA/III) is one of the virulence factors of human enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli(ETEC) that forms the long, thin, proteinaceous fibres of type IV pili through assembly of its major and minor subunits CofA and CofB, respectively. The crystal structure of CofA has recently been reported; however, the lack of structural information for CofB, the largest among the known type IV pilin subunits, hampers a comprehensive understanding of CFA/III pili. In this study, constructs of wild-type CofB with an N-terminal truncation and the corresponding SeMet derivative were cloned, expressed, purified and crystallized. The crystals belonged to the rhombohedral space groupR32, with unit-cell parametersa=b= 103.97,c= 364.57 Å for the wild-type construct anda=b= 103.47,c= 362.08 Å for the SeMet-derivatized form. Although the diffraction quality of these crystals was initially very poor, dehydration of the crystals substantially improved the resolution limit from ∼4.0 to ∼2.0 Å. The initial phase was solved by the single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD) method using a dehydrated SeMet CofB crystal, which resulted in an interpretable electron-density map.
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Miglietta, E., A. Lasalvia, P. Sara, G. Zanatta, S. Zoppei, G. Dimitri, C. Comacchio, et al. "Admission to In-patient Psychiatric Care in the Veneto Region (Italy), Specialisation vs. Personal Continuity of Care Approach. Preliminary Findings from the COFI Study-Italian Sites." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.992.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
IntroductionIn Italy, considerable variations exist in the organisation of out- and in-patient mental health care. One main issue is whether to prioritise specialisation (distinct clinicians for inpatient and outpatient care) or personal continuity of care (same primary clinician for a given patient within the two settings).AimsTo study the use of psychiatric in-patient units in the Veneto region (Italy) and to evaluate differences between personal continuity of care and specialization systems.MethodsStudy conducted in the context of the COFI, multisite naturalistic EU-funded research aiming to compare the two care approaches in 5 European countries. In Italy, baseline data collection was carried out in 14 in-patient units. Data on hospitalisation, diagnosis, severity of the illness (Clinical Global Impression Scale- CGI) and patients’ appraisal of inpatient care (Client Assessment of Treatment Scale- CAT) were collected.ResultsOverall, 1118 patients were assessed. Most frequent diagnostic categories were mood (41.6%) and psychotic (38.3%) disorders, while anxiety disorders were less represented (11.9%). The majority of patients were at least at their second admission (69.4%) and had been voluntary admitted (91.5%). Length of stay and CGI scores were significantly higher for patients with mood and psychotic disorders. No difference in CGI score between the two systems was found. Patients in the continuity of care systems reported higher level of satisfaction with initial treatment and longer hospital stay (P < .001).ConclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest higher service satisfaction for personal continuity system, possibly reflecting a more individualised and comprehensive focus on the patient's needs, rather than on symptoms reduction only.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Miller, Anastasia. "Emergency medical service personnel injury and fatality in the United States." Journal of Epidemiological Research 4, no. 2 (May 23, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jer.v4n2p9.
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Introduction: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel comprise an intricate part of the public safety net in the US. The purpose of this study was to synthesize data sources to understand the major workplace dangers facing EMS providers. Methods: This study examined four data sources: The BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI), BLS Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII), Firefighter Fatalities and Statistics from USFA, and the EMS Voluntary Event Notification Tool (E.V.E.N.T.). Characteristics of the most common causes of injury and fatalities were described and compared. Results: SOII reports covered 13 years and 64,780 nonfatal reported cases. COFI covered 12 years and 149 fatalities. 111 fatalities from the USFA dataset who had been identified as EMS in some manner in their rank between 2003-2016 were inspected. 21 cases where a firefighter died in the course of providing EMS/patient care were also identified and discussed. All events submitted to E.V.E.N.T. were read and categorized. 214 events were identified as near-miss EMS provider injuries and included in the study. Conclusions: The biggest mortal threat to private EMS personnel is vehicular incidents. Among firefighters/EMTs Heart Attacks was the most common nature of death. The biggest nonfatal concerns are violence, slips, trips, and falls, and overexertion in addition to vehicular incidents. Most violent events were the result of a patient with a Temporarily Altered Mental Status. There is clearly a need for further research to develop evidence-based methods and policies to reduce injury and death in EMS personnel from an agency level.
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SIDDIQUI, SHAMOON AHMAD. "DFT STUDY OF COFn(n = 1-6) NANO CLUSTERS: AN INVESTIGATION OF SUPERHALOGEN PROPERTIES." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 11, no. 04 (July 16, 2012): 723–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633612500484.
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Superhalogen properties of CoFn (n = 1 - 6) clusters have been investigated using density functional theory. These calculations reveal the unusual properties of a Cobalt (Co) atom interacting with fluorine (F) atoms. Up to six F atoms are bound to a single Co atom, which results in increase of electron affinities as successive fluorine atoms are attached, reaching a peak value of 7.43 eV for CoF5 . The large HOMO–LUMO energy gap, both in neutral and anionic form, further provide evidence of their stability. These unusual properties brought about by involvement of inner shell 3d-electrons, which not only allow CoFn (n = 1 - 6) clusters to belong to the class of superhalogens but also show that its valence can exceed the nominal value of 2 or 3.
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Sesé, Lucile, Hilario Nunes, Vincent Cottin, Shreosi Sanyal, Morgane Didier, Zohra Carton, Dominique Israel-Biet, et al. "Role of atmospheric pollution on the natural history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis." Thorax 73, no. 2 (August 10, 2017): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-209967.
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IntroductionIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has an unpredictable course corresponding to various profiles: stability, physiological disease progression and rapid decline. A minority of patients experience acute exacerbations (AEs). A recent study suggested that ozone and nitrogen dioxide might contribute to the occurrence of AE. We hypothesised that outdoor air pollution might influence the natural history of IPF.MethodsPatients were selected from the French cohort COhorte FIbrose (COFI), a national multicentre longitudinal prospective cohort of IPF (n=192). Air pollutant levels were assigned to each patient from the air quality monitoring station closest to the patient’s geocoded residence. Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the impact of air pollution on AE, disease progression and death.ResultsOnset of AEs was significantly associated with an increased mean level of ozone in the six preceding weeks, with an HR of 1.47 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.92) per 10 µg/m3 (p=0.005). Cumulative levels of exposure to particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5 were above WHO recommendations in 34% and 100% of patients, respectively. Mortality was significantly associated with increased levels of exposure to PM10 (HR=2.01, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.77) per 10 µg/m3 (p=0.03), and PM2.5 (HR=7.93, 95% CI 2.93 to 21.33) per 10 µg/m3 (p<0.001).ConclusionThis study suggests that air pollution has a negative impact on IPF outcomes, corroborating the role of ozone on AEs and establishing, for the first time, the potential role of long-term exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 on overall mortality.
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caslan, Fethiye, Ekrem Cicek, Sumeyra Gungoren, Meryem Kutuk, and Ali Tufan. "Peer bullying, anxiety, and depression levels among Turkish children with Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD): A single-center, case-control study." Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20220412092734.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD) is associated with elevated levels of emotional/ behavioral problems and peer bullying. Studies on Turkish children with COFD are limited. We aimed to evaluate rates of peer bullying and its relationships with stuttering severity and symptoms of depression and anxiety among Turkish children with COFD. Method: Forty 8-12 years old children with COFD without comorbid neurological/ medical disorders and 36 age- and gender-matched controls were evaluated with self-report scales for depression, trait/ state anxiety and peer bullying. Stuttering severity was evaluated with Stuttering Severity Instrument-4. Multivariate and bivariate analyses were used in comparisons. P was set at 0.05. Results: COFD group had significantly elevated depression and state anxiety scores while trait anxiety was elevated but at trend levels. 52.5 % of children with COFD was bullied while this rate was 27.8 % for controls (Odds Ratio= 2.9). Bullying was not related with gender, self-reported symptoms and stuttering severity. Conclusion: Standardized trainings/practices should be introduced among Turkish speech and language therapists to screen and address peer bullying, depression, and anxiety among children with COFD in collaboration with child and adolescent psychiatrists.
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Zhou, Chuncheng, Nan Hu, Jianlin Wu, and Jibao Gu. "A new scale to measure cross-organizational cultural intelligence." Chinese Management Studies 12, no. 3 (August 6, 2018): 658–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-10-2017-0309.
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Purpose Cross-organizational cultural intelligence (COCI) is conceptualized as an ability of individuals to interact effectively with persons from different organizational cultures. To deal with culture differences in cross-organizational context, organizations need to select employees with high COCI. This study aims to develop an instrument to measure employees’ COCI in a cross-organizational context. Design/methodology/approach The present study was conducted in three steps to develop a scale to measure COCI. First, 39 statements were identified based on a series of interviews. Then, via a survey of 275 part-time MBA students, 18 statements were categorized into four dimensions, namely, cognition, motivation, collaborative communication and behavioral adaptability. Finally, convergent, discriminant, predictive and incremental validity of the scale were tested. Findings This study extends the cultural intelligence to the cross-organizational context. The COCI concept provides theoretical support for cultural intelligence research in the cross-organizational context. Therefore, the present study broadens the research field of cultural intelligence. A four-dimensional scale was developed to measure COCI, which includes cognition, motivation, collaborative communication and behavioral adaptability. High COCI can enhance employee’s performance in a cross-organizational context. Research limitations/implications This study still has several limitations. First, the self-report questionnaire indicated that the relationship between COCI and other constructs may be stronger because of single-source, self-reported data collection. Second, the new scale was developed in China. Although some respondents came from foreign companies, most surveyed employees belonged to Chinese enterprises. Based on the current results, COCI scale exhibits promise as a measurable criterion, but it requires more refinement and validation. Additional work in this area can explore factors that can influence or improve individual COCI. A theoretical network of COCI that includes predictors, consequences, mediators and moderators by theoretical research can be established. Practical implications The COCI scale can be used in organizational management. Also, the COCI scale can help organizations understand the meanings of the employees’ COCI and select employees with high COCI during the recruitment. It makes managers easier to choose qualified candidates for inter-organizational projects. Beyond that, organizations can develop employees’ COCI according to the proposed four dimensions. Originality/value The development of the valid COCI scale will facilitate future research on boundary spanning. The COCI scale can measure individual cultural intelligence in a cross-organizational context. The present study has verified that COCI is different from emotional intelligence and provided a new perspective to explore the importance of individual ability in boundary-spanning activities. The instrumental support can help researchers effectively understand COCI and explore its potentials in boundary-spanning activities.
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Chirita, M., G. Robins, R. L. Stamps, R. Sooryakumar, M. E. Filipkowski, C. J. Gutierrez, and G. A. Prinz. "Brillouin light scattering study of magnetic coupling in CoFe/Mn/CoFe." Physical Review B 58, no. 2 (July 1, 1998): 869–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.58.869.
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Chen, S. Y., Y. D. Yao, and J. M. Wu. "Magnetoresistance study and interlayer coupling of CoFe/Os/CoFe thin films." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 304, no. 1 (September 2006): e37-e40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.02.068.
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Xi, Li Fei, Christoph Schwanke, Kathrin M. Lange, and Marcel Risch. "In Situ ATR Infrared Study of Cobalt-Borate Water Oxidation Catalysts." Materials Science Forum 998 (June 2020): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.998.123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Understanding the process of water oxidation, especially intermediate species, represents an important step toward gaining a mechanistic understanding of new emerging catalysts. The aim of this study is exploring the process of water oxidation and electrolyte orientation under external potential when using an emerging water oxidation catalyst, CoBi, in sodium borate (NaBi) buffer using in situ attenuated–total-reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. CoBi is generated via electrodeposition from aqueous solutions containing borate and Co2+. IR spectra were obtained for CoBi films under applied potentials supporting water oxidation catalysis. The spectra of water and CoBi on ZnSe/Cr/Au electrode surfaces change in intensity and their slope depends on the potential, which is rarely reported. The appearance of new bands at certain potentials is interpreted in terms of the potential-dependent re-alignment of water and borate molecules both from the film and electrolyte. A superoxide surface intermediate at 1027 cm-1 was observed in both thin and thick films. It is proposed to be Co (III)OO*H bridging and relates to a fast water oxidation process. The chemical structure of the intermediate species is proposed finally.
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Ou-Yang, Ze-Yue, Yao Feng, Yi-Fan Yang, Ning-Xin Chen, Xiao-Lin Su, Qian Zhang, Meng-Mei Zhong, et al. "Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Chinese Chronic Orofacial Pain Patients with Psychological Health Problems: A Moderated Mediation Model." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (February 13, 2023): 3244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043244.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Psychological therapies are important for comprehensive chronic orofacial pain (COFP) treatment. This study is to validate the effects of psychological factors on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among COFP patients in China. Pain catastrophizing, which is a subjective cognitive emotion used to manage the psychological aspects of pain among COFP patients, was examined in relation to COFP severity and OHRQoL. All 479 participants were recruited in Changsha, Hunan Province, China. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients (0.868–0.960), composite reliability scores (0.924–0.969), and average variance extracted from each construct (0.555–0.753) all indicated a good model fit. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that age and education status have a positive correlation with COFP severity, pain catastrophizing, and anxiety. COFP severity was related to anxiety, depression, and COFP-OHRQoL. Pain catastrophizing was related to employment status. Anxiety and depression symptoms indirectly mediated the correlation between COFP severity and COFP-OHRQoL. As a second-stage moderator, pain catastrophizing moderated the mediating effects of anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms. Our findings suggest that anxiety, depression, and pain catastrophizing should be evaluated jointly to improve COFP-OHRQoL among COFP patients. This evidence will help therapists to comprehensively treat patients for the best treatment effect.
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Zheng, Yong, Dong-Yan Liu, Zheng-Wei Zhu, Hong-Lin Liu, and Bang Liu. "Experimental Study on Slope Deformation Monitoring Based on a Combined Optical Fiber Transducer." Journal of Sensors 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7936089.
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Landslide monitoring is very important in predicting the behavior of landslides, thereby ensuring environment, life, and property safety. On the basis of our previous studies, a novel combined optic fiber transducer (COFT) for landslides monitoring and the related analysis methods are presented. Based on the principles of optical fiber microbending loss, the empirical formula of the shearing displacement of sliding body versus optical loss was established through a stretching test of optical fiber bowknot. Then the COFT grouting direct shearing tests, a large-scale landslide model test, and numerical modeling verification with FLAC3D are carried out. According to the results, the initial measurement precision of the designed COFT in sandy clay is 1 mm; its monitoring sliding distance is larger than 26.5 mm. The calculated values based on empirical formula are in good agreement with the laboratory tests and numerical simulation results. When the ratio of cement and sand in mortar is 1 : 5, the error between the calculated displacement and the measured displacement of sliding surface is the smallest. The COFT with expandable polystyrene (EPS) as its base material performs better in monitoring sandy clay slopes because both the error and the mean square deviation of the empirical formula are smaller.
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Iacopino, Daniela, Ledi Menabue, and Monica Saladini. "Crystallographic Study on Metal(II) Complexes with N-(2-Nitrophenylsulfonyl)glycine." Australian Journal of Chemistry 52, no. 8 (1999): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch99036.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The interaction of MII ions (MII =Mn II, CoII, NiII, CuII, ZnII, CdII, PbII) with N-(2-nitrophenylsulfonyl)- glycine (NO2psglyH2) leads to the formation at acidic pH of the complex carboxylate-type M(NO2psgly- O)2.x H2O species. At higher pH the deprotonation reaction of the sulfonamide nitrogen takes place, leading to the formation of the M(NO2psgly-N,O).x H2O species where the ligand acts as a chelating agent toward the metal ion through the carboxylic oxygen and the deprotonated sulfonamide nitrogen. In ternary systems the addition of 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) allows the deprotonation of the sulfonamide nitrogen also in presence of metal ions such as ZnII, CoII and NiII, which were inactive in the binary system, and the solid compounds isolated are in the M/bpy/L molar ratio 1 : 1 : 1 (MII = CuII , ZnII ) or 1 : 2 : 1(MII = CoII , NiII, CdII). Here we describe the crystal and molecular structures of NO2psglyH2 (1), [Pb(NO2psgly-N,O)]n (2), [Cd(bpy)2(NO2psgly-N,O)].H2O (3) and [Cu(bpy)(NO2psgly-N,O)(H2O)] (4).
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Janyasupab, Metini, and Chen Wei Liu. "Electrocatalytic Study of Low-Cost Bimetallic Cobalt/Iron Catalyst on Carbon for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor in Human Urine." Materials Science Forum 962 (July 2019): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.962.137.
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This study investigated an electrocatalytic behavior of non-enzymatic glucose detection in urine by using low-cost non-precious metal CoFe catalyst on carbon (C) supported. The bimetal catalyst was prepared by the reduction of oleic acid and loaded 10% wt. metal onto the activated carbon. Due to the synergistic effect, CoFe exhibited its intrinsic electrocatalytic property, suitable for the chemisorption of glucose molecule and the d-electron of metal. For morphology and elemental composition, CoFe/C was characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), exhibiting Co (111) and Fe2O3(104) with the nanocluster average diameter of 25 nm. More importantly, electrocatalytic behaviors of CoFe/C were assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) on the glassy carbon rotating disk electrode for glucose detection (0-3 mM) in modified artificial urine (mAUM), and human urine specimens. In particular, excellent sensitivities from the lower range of glucose level (< 1 mM) and the higher level by DPV in mAUM were estimated to be 318.42 and 82.20 μA.cm-2.mM-1 with the correlation coefficient (R2) values of 0.90 and 0.94, respectively. Furthermore, the as-prepared CoFe/C biosensor also demonstrated practical measurement in human urine sample with the sensitivity of 59.72 μA.cm-2.mM-1 (R2 = 0.99) without any electron facilitators (e.g. sodium hydroxide), thereby providing a promising cost-effective catalyst design for future technology of non-enzymatic glucose sensing applications in urine.
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Blanco-Gutiérrez, V., M. J. Torralvo-Fernández, and R. Sáez-Puche. "Innovative study of superparamagnetism in 3 nm CoFe2O4 particles." RSC Advances 6, no. 91 (2016): 87995–8000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra18942c.
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Tankodara, K. D., P. K. Sharma, and M. K. Choudhary. "FACTORS AFFECTING PERCEIVED USEFULNESS OF THE SORGHUM GROWERS ABOUT CoFS 29 VARIETY." Gujarat Journal of Extension Education 33, no. 2 (June 25, 2022): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.56572/gjoee.2022.33.2.0018.
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Sorghum is one of the most important fodder crops. In middle Gujarat, farmers of Kheda district mainly grow single cut variety sorghum, pearl millet and maize as a fodder crop as this district possesses good number of livestock population. After understanding the importance of multi cut variety of sorghum, KVK Kheda conducted FLDs on CoFS 29 variety from year 2017. To understand the factors responsible behind perceived usefulness of this variety and to understand the problems realized among its users as well as to get the suggestions from them to overcome the problems, this study was conducted on 200 CoFS 29 user sorghum growers whom KVK Kheda selected as FLD farmers. The profile characteristics were also studied of the selected CoFS 29 users. Ex-post-facto research design was used and interview schedule was prepared in light with the objective. Frequency, percentage, arbitrary method, mean score and coefficient of correlation were major statistical tools used for analysis of the study. From the study, it was observed that more number of CoFS 29 users were from middle age group with secondary level of education, 1 to 2 ha land, 4 to 6 animals and up to 1 lakh rupee annual income. Majority of them were getting yield from CoFS 29 variety was 120 to 130t, very low level of social participation, and medium level of extension contact. More number of farmers had high level of mass media exposure, medium level of scientific orientation and innovativeness and using bore well for irrigation. Profile characteristics like land holding, annual income, yield and scientific orientation were positive and significantly associated with perceived usefulness about CoFS 29 variety for their users. Major problems realized by the CoFS 29 variety user sorghum growers were high price of seeds; difficulty in availability of seeds and more irrigation are required. Major suggestions offered by the sorghum growers to overcome the problems realized by them while utilizing CoFS 29 variety were price of seeds of CoFS 29 variety should be less and seeds of CoFS 29 variety should be made available easily.
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Shin, Ji Yeh, Ha Jin Kim, BeLong Cho, Yun Jun Yang, and Jae Moon Yun. "Analysis of Continuity of Care and Its Related Factors in Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study." Korean Journal of Family Medicine 43, no. 4 (July 20, 2022): 246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.21.0145.
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Background: Continuity of care in primary care settings is crucial for managing diabetes. We aimed to statistically define and analyze continuity factors associated with demographics, clinical workforce, and geographical relationships.Methods: We used 2014–2015 National Health Insurance Service claims data from the Korean registry, with 39,096 eligible outpatient attendance. We applied multivariable logistic regression to analyze factors that may affect the continuity of care indices for each patient: the most frequent provider continuity index (MFPCI), modified-modified continuity index (MMCI), and continuity of care index (COCI).Results: The mean continuity of care indices were 0.90, 0.96, and 0.85 for MFPCI, MMCI and COCI, respectively. Among patient factors, old age >80 years (MFPCI: odds ratio [OR], 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74–0.89; MMCI: OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76–0.92; and COCI: OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.74–0.89) and mild disability were strongly associated with lower continuity of care. Another significant factor was the residential area: the farther the patients lived from their primary care clinic, the lower the continuity of diabetes care (MFPCI: OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.70–0.78; MMCI: OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.66–0.73; and COCI: OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.70–0.78).Conclusion: The geographical proximity of patients’ residential areas and clinic locations showed the strongest correlation as a continuity factor. Further efforts are needed to improve continuity of care to address the geographical imbalance in diabetic care.
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Peltz, Carrie B., Kimbra Kenney, Jessica Gill, Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Raquel C. Gardner, and Kristine Yaffe. "Blood biomarkers of traumatic brain injury and cognitive impairment in older veterans." Neurology 95, no. 9 (June 22, 2020): e1126-e1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000010087.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ObjectiveTo determine whether blood-based biomarkers can differentiate older veterans with and without traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cognitive impairment (CogI).MethodsWe enrolled 155 veterans from 2 veterans' retirement homes: 90 without TBI and 65 with TBI history. Participants were further separated into CogI groups: controls (no TBI, no CogI), n = 60; no TBI with CogI, n = 30; TBI without CogI, n = 30; and TBI with CogI, n = 35. TBI was determined by the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method. CogI was defined as impaired cognitive testing, dementia diagnosis, or use of dementia medication. Blood specimens were enriched for CNS-derived exosomes. Proteins (neurofilament light [NfL], total tau, glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], α-synuclein, β-amyloid 42 [Aβ42], and phosphorylated tau [p-tau]) and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor–α [TNF-α], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and interleukin-10) were measured using ultrasensitive immunoassays.ResultsVeterans were, on average, 79 years old. In participants with TBI history, 65% had mild TBI; average time from most recent TBI was 37 years. In adjusted analyses, the TBI and CogI groups differed on CNS-enriched exosome concentration of p-tau, NfL, IL-6, TNF-α (all p < 0.05), and GFAP (p = 0.06), but not on Aβ42 or other markers. Adjusted area under the curve (AUC) analyses found that all significantly associated biomarkers combined separated TBI with/without CogI (AUC, 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74–0.95) and CogI with/without TBI (AUC, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.77–0.99).ConclusionsIncreased levels of blood-based, CNS-enriched exosomal biomarkers associated with TBI and CogI can be detected even decades after TBI.Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class II evidence that in veterans with a history of TBI, CNS-enriched exosome concentration of p-tau, NfL, IL-6, and TNF-α are associated with CogI.
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Jin, Bo-Ram, Se-Yun Cheon, Hyo-Jung Kim, Myoung-Seok Kim, Kwang-Ho Lee, and Hyo-Jin An. "Anti-Proliferative Effects of Standardized Cornus officinalis on Benign Prostatic Epithelial Cells via the PCNA/E2F1-Dependent Cell Cycle Pathway." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 9567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249567.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cornus officinalis, widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits pharmacological effects against erectile dysfunction and pollakisuria, which are pathological symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Although traditional usage and a study on BPH have been reported, to our knowledge, no study has investigated the exact molecular mechanism(s) underlying the anti-proliferative effects of standardized C. officinalis on prostatic cells. We standardized C. officinalis 30% ethanol extract (COFE) and demonstrated the therapeutic effects of COFE on human BPH epithelial cells and testosterone-induced BPH in rats. In vitro studies using BPH-1 cells demonstrated an upregulation of BPH-related and E2F Transcription Factor 1(E2F1)-dependent cell cycle markers, whereas treatment with COFE clearly inhibited the proliferation of BPH epithelial cells and reduced the overexpression of G1 and S checkpoint genes. Additionally, COFE administration alleviated the androgen-dependent prostatic enlargement in a testosterone-induced BPH animal model. COFE exerted these anti-BPH effects by the inhibition of anti-apoptotic markers, suppression of PCNA expression, and regulation of E2F1/pRB-dependent cell cycle markers in rats with BPH. These results suggest that COFE exerts anti-proliferative effect by regulating PCNA/E2F1-dependent cell cycle signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. These findings reveal the therapeutic potential of COFE, which could be used as a substitute for BPH treatment.
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Diwakara, Shashini D., Gregory T. McCandless, Sampath B. Alahakoon, and Ronald A. Smaldone. "Synthesis of Side-Chain-Free Hydrazone-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks through Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Activation." Organic Materials 03, no. 02 (April 2021): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1477-5123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) activation provides milder conditions to process covalent organic frameworks (COFs) without compromising their crystallinity and porosity. To this end, three hydrazone COFs (TFPB-DHz COF, TFPT-DHz COF, Py-DHz COF) were synthesized with a terephthaloyl dihydrazide linker (DHz) which has no substituents. To date, the synthesis of hydrazone COFs without a narrow range of alkoxy linkers has not been possible. The scCO2-activated hydrazone-linked COFs in this study were crystalline and had high surface areas (surface areas of TFPB-DHz COF, TFPT-DHz COF, and Py-DHz COF were 790, 1199, and 932 m2/g, respectively). This study shows the significance of using milder activation methods for making hydrazone-linked COF structures that were previously inaccessible.
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Khadda, Balbir Singh, Kanak Lata, Raj Kumar, S. Khajuria, and A. K. Rai. "An impact and yield gap study of frontline demonstrations on fodder sorghum variety CoFS-29 in Panchmahal district of central Gujarat." International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2021.2221.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sorghum plays an important role as fodder, in the health and nutrition of a large livestock population in India. The productivity of green fodder per unit area could be increased by adopting recommended scientific and sustainable packages and practices using a suitable high yielding variety. The present study was conducted to find out the yield gap, economics and impact assessment study of fodder sorghum variety CoFS-29 in Panchmahal district of Central Gujarat. ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra-Panchmahal was planned and conducted 40 front-line demonstrations on fodder sorghum to demonstrate the production potential and economic benefits of improved practices comprising of high-yielding variety CoFS-29 in Panchmahal district during 2019-20 and 2020-21. The results of the present study revealed that the improved variety of fodder sorghum variety CoFS-29 recorded significantly higher green fodder yield (482.50 qt ha-1) as compared to local check (308.50 qt ha-1). The percentage increase in the yield over local check was found to be 56.40. The extension gap, technology gap, and technological index of lucerne fodder sorghum variety CoFS-29 were found to be 174 qt ha-1, 1117.50 qt ha-1 and 69.84 percent, respectively. Economic analysis of the yield performance revealed that front line demonstrations variety CoFS-29 recorded higher net return (Rs. 66125 ha-1) with higher benefit cost ratio (3.18) which was very lucrative as compared to local checks (2.14). The farmer’s mean knowledge score had increased significantly by 39.36 after implementation of frontline demonstrations. The impact of front-line demonstrations was also analyzed which had reflected significant improvement in knowledge and satisfaction level on the part of farmers.
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Singh, Neha, Drishtant Singh, Anup Kumar Kesavan, Nadiyah M. Alabdallah, Mohammed A. Alshehri, Samy Sayed, Mohammad Javed Ansari, and Madhu Bala. "Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit II: Potential Marker for the Identification of Forensically Significant Species of Coleoptera—A Preliminary Study." Diversity 14, no. 5 (May 6, 2022): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14050369.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The foremost concern in forensic entomology is the explicit identification of the species recovered from the crime scene. From the different orders of insects, Diptera is the prime focus in this field, followed by Coleoptera, whose identification can be extremely helpful for corpses in later decomposition stages. In this study, cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) was used to check its adequacy as a genetic marker and to create a reference database for eleven species belonging to five families of Coleoptera, namely, Silphidae, Staphylinidae, Histeridae, Dermestidae and Scarabaeidae, from two different states in India to assist in the accurate identification of imperative beetle species in medico-legal entomology. To achieve this, standard protocols of DNA isolation, amplification and sequencing were followed. We concluded that the COII gene can be used as a molecular marker for the identification of forensically relevant species, as observed from the similarities between the phylogenetic relationship constructed by COII and morphological data.
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Andersen, Henrik L., and Mogens Christensen. "In situ powder X-ray diffraction study of magnetic CoFe2O4 nanocrystallite synthesis." Nanoscale 7, no. 8 (2015): 3481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr06937d.
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Sun, Kena, Jie Li, Hongliang Zhang, Tianshuang Li, and Jiaqi Li. "First-Principles Study on the Mechanism of Greenhouse Gas Generation in Aluminum Electrolysis." Metals 11, no. 7 (July 13, 2021): 1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11071118.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Greenhouse gases emitted by the aluminum electrolysis industry have brought great challenges to environmental protection. To address this problem, understanding the micro-generation mechanism of greenhouse gases in the electrolysis process is of great significance to their source suppression. Based on the first principles calculation method, the formation paths of CO, CO2 and COF2 during normal electrolysis were obtained by studying the adsorption behavior of oxygen and fluorine complex anions (short for [O]2−, [F]−) on the anode surface in cryolite alumina molten salt. The calculation results indicate that the O and F atoms prefer to adsorb at bridge site 1 of Model A, with the adsorption energies of −4.82 eV and −3.33 eV. In the [O]2− priority discharge stage, Path 3 is the most likely path for CO2 generation, while in the [O]2−, [F]− co-discharge stage, Path 3 is the most likely path for COF2 generation. It is deduced that the thermal decomposition of COF2 at high temperature should account for the generation of CF4 with a low concentration of the so-called non-anode effect PFC (NAE-PFC). Experiments were also conducted to verify the calculation by disclosing the bonding information of C, O and F, which are in good accordance with the results calculated by the first principle.
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Liu, Chao, Xin Xue, Qiming Yuan, Yang Lin, Yan Bao, Yinkun He, and Wenbo Zhang. "Preparation and Tribological Properties of Bismaleimide Matrix Composites Reinforced with Covalent Organic Framework Coated Graphene Nanosheets." Polymers 14, no. 16 (August 12, 2022): 3289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14163289.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The poor compatibility between the polymer matrix and complex modification processes greatly affects the excellent tribological properties of graphene in the polymer matrix. In this study, a covalent organic framework (COF)-coated graphene hybrid lubricating filler (G/COFs) was synthesized in situ using a sample one-step mechanochemical synthesis process. This was used to improve the tribological properties of bismaleimide (BMI) resin. The morphology and microstructure of the G/COFs hybrid were characterized, and the effect of the added amount on the tribological properties of the G/COFs/BMI composites was studied. The results showed that the G/COFs hybrid could improve the stability of the friction coefficient and decrease the volume wear rate of BMI composites. Compared to the neat BMI, the 0.6 wt% G/COFs/BMI composites showed optimal tribological performance, with the friction coefficient and volume wear rate decreasing from 0.35 to 0.14 and from 48 × 10−6 to 10.6 × 10−6 mm3/(N‧m), respectively. In addition, the G/COFs/BMI composites showed lower friction coefficient fluctuations and volume wear rates than G/BMI composites. This is mainly attributed to the fact that the deposition of COFs can not only effectively prevent the aggregation of graphene nanosheets, but can also significantly improve the compatibility and interfacial bond between the graphene and BMI matrix. Moreover, the good synergistic effect between the lamellar COFs and graphene nanosheets can generate high-quality self-lubricating transfer films during the friction process. The excellent dispersibility, efficient chemical functionalization, better friction reduction and wear-resistance properties, and facile preparation method make graphene/COFs hybrid nanoparticles promising as an excellent lubricating filler.
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Hathwar, Venkatesha R., Marian Stingaciu, Bo Richter, Jacob Overgaard, and Bo B. Iversen. "Variable-temperature structural studies on valence tautomerism in cobalt bis(dioxolene) molecular complexes." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 73, no. 2 (March 29, 2017): 304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520616019235.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A variable-temperature single-crystal structural study of five valence tautomeric cobalt molecular complexes, CoII(3,5-DBSQ)2(DBPy)2(1), CoII(3,5-DBSQ)2(DBPy)2·1.33C7H8(1S), CoII(3,5-DBSQ)2(DCPy)2·C7H8(2S), CoII(3,5-DBSQ)2(TBPy)2(3) and CoII(3,5-DBSQ)2(TCPy)2(4) (S = toluene, 3,5-DBSQ = 3,5-di-tert-butylsemiquinonate, DBPy = 3,5-dibromopyridine, DCPy = 3,5-dichloropyridine, TBPy = 3,4,5-tribromopyridine and TCPy = 3,4,5-trichloropyridine) is reported. The re-crystallization of (1S) in toluene at 277 K resulted in a concomitant formation of a solvent-free polymorph, CoII(3,5-DBSQ)2(DBPy)2(1). Thermally induced valence tautomerism (VT) is observed only in (1S), (1) and (2S) [hs-CoII(3,5-DBSQ)2L2↔ ls-CoIII(3,5-DBSQ)(3,5-DBCat)L2(hs = high spin, ls = low spin, 3,5-DBCat = 3,5-di-tert-butylcatecholate)], whereas (3) and (4) remain locked in the hs-CoII(3,5-DBSQ)2state during cooling of the sample. Multi-temperature single-crystal studies demonstrate the change in cobalt coordination environment during the VT conversion. The non-solvated compound (1) shows a sharp VT transition (T1/2∼ 245 K with ΔT∼ 10 K) from hs-CoII(3,5-DBSQ)2(DBPy)2to ls-CoIII(3,5-DBSQ)(3,5-DBCat)(DBPy)2oxidation state, whereas the other polymorph with lattice solvent (1S) results in a broad transition (T1/2∼ 150 K with ΔT∼ 100 K). This increase in the VT transition temperature for (1) relative to (1S) illustrates the effect of lattice solvent on the VT transition mechanism. Additionally, the influence of halogen substitutions on the pyridine ring is discussed with respect to observed VT behaviour in the studied compounds.
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López, José Alberto. "Collimated Outflows in Planetary Nebulae." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 209 (2003): 483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900209418.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study of collimated outflows (COFs) in planetary nebulae (PNe) has experienced vigorous activity since the last IAU symposium on PNe, held in Groningen in 1996, for the understanding of the origin and evolution of these outflows is directly linked to the mechanisms of PN formation. Collimated outflows in planetary nebulae (PNe) have diverse characteristics and are observed as bipolar, multipolar, point-symmetric and jet-like outflows. The Hubble Space Telescope has been instrumental in revealing the complex structure and pervasive presence of COFs in a large number of PNe during the last lustrum. Significant advances have also been achieved in the study of the molecular component associated with these outflows. On the theoretical side, models that incorporate the influence of binary cores and magnetic fields have gained particular strength in explaining the origin of COFs. This review attempts to summarize some of the main progresses in the study of COFs during the last years.
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Zhu, Haijin, Tiantian Xu, Long Chen, and Maria Forsyth. "Proton transport in crystalline, porous covalent organic frameworks: a NMR study." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 40 (2020): 20939–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta06927b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work highlights the importance of both the surface chemistry and the persistence length of crystalline pores in COFs. Protons are found to transfer predominantly through grain boundary regions instead of the crystalline pores.
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Pham, Hung Q., Dong Q. Le, Nguyen-Nguyen Pham-Tran, Yoshiyuki Kawazoe, and Duc Nguyen-Manh. "Electron delocalization in single-layer phthalocyanine-based covalent organic frameworks: a first principle study." RSC Advances 9, no. 50 (2019): 29440–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra05159g.
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Alattal, Yehya, and Ahmad Algamdi. "Assessment of genetic variation in Apis mellifera jemenitica (Hymenoptera: Apidae) based on mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit II and III." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): e0265454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265454.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Morphometric and genetic characterization of many Apis mellifera subspecies are well-documented. A. m. jemenetica occurs naturally in Africa and Asia. In this study, genetic variation of mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase II (COII) and III (COIII) were analysed in 133 specimens of the endemic honeybee colonies within Saudi Arabia. The COII gene sequence length was 684 bp comprising nine synonymous (1.3%) and two non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (0.87%). Five variants of COII were not previously documented, one variant (MT755968) showed an extra restriction site when subjected to type II restriction endonuclease from Arthrobacter protophormiae (Apol) or to Haemophilus influenzae Rf (Hinf1). Changes in COII sequence separated samples into three haplogroups. Whereas, COIII gene sequence length was 780 bp, including 18 synonymous and five non-synonymous SNPs. Furthermore, variation in COII sequence was more informative based on restriction profiles and on amino acid changes compared with COIII gene sequence. Variants of COIII showed identical restriction sites when subjected to type II restriction endonuclease from Deinococcus radiophilus (DraI), and revealed high similarity to African subspecies. Results of this study are very useful in understanding genetic diversity and characterization of A. mellifera subspecies.
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Lessard, B. D., J. F. Wallman, and M. Dowton. "Incorrect report of cryptic species within Chrysomya rufifacies (Diptera:Calliphoridae)." Invertebrate Systematics 23, no. 6 (2009): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is09019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chrysomya rufifacies is an ecologically and forensically important blowfly, widespread in Australasia, the Orient and the Americas. The recent molecular studies of Wallman et al. (2005) showed significant levels of nucleotide divergence between Australian populations of this species based on the cytochrome oxidase subunit two (COII) gene, suggesting that Ch. rufifacies is in fact two species. The present study used COII to verify the existence of these two putative species. A 642-bp fragment of COII was sequenced from 37 specimens sampled from 35 diverse Australian geographical locations and analysed using the Kimura-two-parameter distance model and Bayesian methods. Surprisingly, all Ch. rufifacies sequences demonstrated typical levels of mean intraspecific variation (mean = 0.042%, range = 0.000–0.315%, standard error = 0.003) and were resolved as a monophyletic group on the Bayesian tree. Reassessment of the original COII data of Wallman et al. (2005) showed that the high nucleotide divergence within Ch. rufifacies was attributed to two COII sequences actually derived from specimens of Lucilia porphyrina. Ultimately, this study does not support the hypothesis that Australian Ch. rufifacies comprises two cryptic species but instead confirms its existing status as a single taxon.
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Chan, Chang-Chuan, Lian-Yu Lin, Ching-Huang Lai, Kai-Jen Chuang, Ming-Tsang Wu, and Chih-Hong Pan. "Association of Particulate Matter from Cooking Oil Fumes with Heart Rate Variability and Oxidative Stress." Antioxidants 10, no. 8 (August 23, 2021): 1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081323.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Many studies have reported various cardiovascular autonomic responses to ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution, but few have reported such responses to occupational PM exposures. Even fewer have demonstrated a relationship between PM pollution and oxidative stress in humans. This panel study evaluates the association between occupational exposure to PM in cooking oil fumes (COFs), and changes in both heart rate variability (HRV) and oxidative stress responses in 54 male Chinese cooks. Linear mixed-effects regression models were adopted to estimate the strength of the association between PM and HRV. Participants’ pre- and post-workshift urine samples were analyzed for 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Exposure to PM in COFs from 15 min to 2 h were associated with a decrease in HRV and an increase in heart rate among cooks. The urinary 8-OHdG levels of cooks were significantly elevated after workshift exposure to COFs. The levels of PM2.5, PM1.0, and particulate benzo(a)pyrene in COFs were all positively correlated with cross-workshift urinary 8-OHdG levels. Furthermore, the levels of benzo(a)pyrene in COFs were positively correlated with cross-workshift urinary MDA levels. The effects of COFs on HRV were independent of cross-workshift urinary 8-OHdG levels. Exposure to COFs leads to disturbed autonomic function and an increased risk of oxidative DNA injury among cooks in Chinese restaurants.
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Molina, Teresa, Tetine Sentell, Randall Q. Akee, Alvin Onaka, Timothy J. Halliday, and Brian Horiuchi. "The Mortality Effects of Reduced Medicaid Coverage Among International Migrants in Hawaii: 2012–2018." American Journal of Public Health 110, no. 8 (August 2020): 1205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.305687.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objectives. To study the impact on mortality in Hawaii from the revoked state Medicaid program coverage in March 2015 for most Compact of Free Association (COFA) migrants who were nonblind, nondisabled, and nonpregnant. Methods. We computed quarterly crude mortality rates for COFA migrants, Whites, and Japanese Americans from March 2012 to November 2018. We employed a difference-in-difference research design to estimate the impact of the Medicaid expiration on log mortality rates. Results. We saw larger increases in COFA migrant mortality rates than White mortality rates after March 2015. By 2018, the increase was 43% larger for COFA migrants (P = .003). Mortality trends over this period were similar for Whites and Japanese Americans, who were not affected by the policy. Conclusions. Mortality rates of COFA migrants increased after Medicaid benefits expired despite the availability of state-funded premium coverage for private insurance and significant outreach efforts to reduce the impact of this coverage change.
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Kaur, Gagandeep, Dinesh Kumar, Subramanian Sundarrajan, Seeram Ramakrishna, and Pawan Kumar. "Recent Trends in the Design, Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Covalent Organic Frameworks." Polymers 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15010139.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The most recent and advanced class of crystalline and permeable compounds are covalent organic frameworks (COFs). Due to their exceptional qualities, such as their porous structure, high surface area, strong chemical and thermal stabilities, low density, good water stability, luminescent nature, and so on, COFs have seen remarkable growth over the past ten years. COFs have been successfully researched for a number of applications based on these characteristics. The current state of COFs has been reported in this study, with particular attention paid to their design, topology, synthesis, and a variety of biological applications, including drug delivery systems, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, biosensing, bioimaging, etc. Moreover, several miscellaneous applications, such as catalysis, gas storage and separation, photocatalysis, sensors, solar cells, supercapacitors, and 3D printers, have also been explored. It is significant that we have examined current research on COFs with a focus on the biological applications, which are infrequently covered in the literature. Descriptions of the difficulties and prospective outcomes have also been given.
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Daver, Naval, Daniel A. Pollyea, Karen W. L. Yee, Pierre Fenaux, Joseph M. Brandwein, Norbert Vey, Giovanni Martinelli, et al. "Preliminary Results from a Phase Ib Study Evaluating BCL-2 Inhibitor Venetoclax in Combination with MEK Inhibitor Cobimetinib or MDM2 Inhibitor Idasanutlin in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory (R/R) AML." Blood 130, Suppl_1 (December 7, 2017): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v130.suppl_1.813.813.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Introduction: Effective treatment options for patients (pts) with R/R AML are limited and novel therapies are needed. Previous pre-clinical data have shown that venetoclax (VEN) plus cobimetinib (cobi) or idasanutlin (idasa) may be synergistic. MEK and MDM2 inhibition have been shown to down-regulate MCL-1, overcoming a resistance pathway to BCL-2 inhibition in AML (Han, ASH 2016; Pan, ASH 2014). We report preliminary results from a dose-escalation study evaluating VEN plus cobi or idasa in pts with R/R AML. This is the first study evaluating novel-novel oral combinations with VEN in pts with AML. Methods: This open-label, multicenter study evaluates the safety, tolerability and efficacy of VEN + cobi or idasa in pts ≥60 yrs old with R/R or secondary AML who have received therapy for a prior antecedent hematological disease and are not eligible for cytotoxic therapy (NCT02670044). Two-dimensional dose escalation is being used to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for each combination. Pts on Arm A received VEN PO daily + cobi PO on Days 1-21, and pts on Arm B received VEN PO daily + idasa PO on Days 1-5 in 28-day cycles. Dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) were assessed for the first cycle. Results: As of 25 April 2017, 42 pts were treated in the dose-escalation stage. Arm A included 4 cohorts: VEN 400 mg + cobi 40 mg (n=4), VEN 600 mg + cobi 40 mg (n=7), VEN 800 mg + cobi 40 mg (n=4) and VEN 400 mg + cobi 60 mg (n=7); Arm B included 3 cohorts: VEN 400 mg + idasa 200 mg (n=3), VEN 600 mg + idasa 200 mg (n=8) and VEN 400 mg + idasa 400 mg (n=9). Median age was 72 (range 60-93) yrs and median number of prior therapies was 2 (range 1-10). 19% (8/42) were ECOG 2, 62% (26/42) of pts were refractory to last therapy and 48% (20/42) of pts had secondary AML. According to ELN risk classification, 29% were intermediate-I, 34% intermediate-II and 34% were adverse risk. Most common AEs in both arms are summarized in Table 1. In the VEN + cobi arm, the majority of deaths on study were due to progressive disease (PD); 3 deaths were due to AEs of sepsis, pneumonia and respiratory failure. Three DLTs were reported: 1 diarrhea (Gr 3) in VEN 600 mg + cobi 40 mg and 1 diarrhea (Gr 3) and 1 decrease in ejection fraction (EF) (Gr 3) in VEN 400 mg + cobi 60 mg. The Gr 3 decrease in EF occurred in the setting of sepsis and was subsequently not considered related to study treatment. Due to the higher rates of Gr ≥3 diarrhea (57%) in VEN 400 mg + cobi 60 mg, this dose level will no longer be evaluated in this study. The VEN 800 mg + cobi 40 mg cohort is ongoing. In the VEN + idasa arm, the most common cause of death was PD; 1 death was due to an AE of sepsis. Four DLTs were reported: 1 generalized muscle weakness (Gr 3) and 1 diarrhea (Gr 3) in VEN 600 + idasa 200 mg and 1 acute coronary syndrome (Gr 3) and 1 elevated bilirubin (Gr 4) in VEN 400 mg + idasa 400 mg. Additional dose cohorts evaluating VEN + idasa are ongoing. When compared to monotherapy data at the same dose, preliminary PK analyses suggest that VEN exposure is slightly lower, while cobi and idasa exposures are similar. Preliminary efficacy for the VEN + cobi arm showed 2 CRs (9%), 1 CRp (4.5%) and 1 CRi (4.5%) for an overall response rate (ORR) of 18% (4/22); duration of response (DOR) ranged from 1 to 5 mo, with 1 response ongoing at data cut-off. For the VEN + idasa arm, 1 CR (5%), 1 CRp (5%), 1 CRi (5%) and 1 PR (5%) were achieved for an ORR of 20% (4/20); DOR ranged from 1.3 to 6.7 mo, with 1 response ongoing at data cut-off. In the VEN 600 mg + idasa 200 mg cohort, the ORR was 38% (3/8) with 1 CR, 1 CRp, and 1 CRi. Of the pts who did not achieve a response by IWG criteria, anti-leukemic activity was seen in an additional 7 pts who achieved ≥ 50% bone marrow blast reduction from baseline (3/22 [14%] pts on VEN + cobi and 4/20 [20%] pts on VEN + idasa). Baseline mutation profiling was available in 32 of 42 pts and is summarized for responders in Table 2. Of the 9 pts who had an IDH1/2 mutation at baseline, 44% (4/9) achieved a response (1 on VEN + cobi and 3 on VEN + idasa). Of the 3 pts with known p53 mutations on the VEN + idasa cohorts, none achieved a response. Conclusions: Preliminary results show that VEN plus cobi or idasa can be administered with appropriate risk mitigation measures for GI toxicity and early evidence of clinical activity in R/R AML pts. Dose finding is ongoing and the MTD for both combinations has not yet been determined. Preliminary ORR for the VEN 600 mg + idasa 200 mg cohort was encouraging at 38%. Safety, PK and efficacy data will be updated at the time of presentation. Disclosures Daver: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Consultancy; Pfizer Inc.: Consultancy, Research Funding; Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc.: Consultancy; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Research Funding; Incyte Corporation: Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Daiichi-Sankyo: Research Funding; Jazz: Consultancy; Immunogen: Research Funding; Kiromic: Research Funding; Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.: Consultancy, Research Funding. Pollyea: Takeda, Ariad, Alexion, Celgene, Pfizer, Pharmacyclics, Gilead, Jazz, Servier, Curis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Agios, Pfizer: Research Funding. Yee: Oncoethix: Research Funding; Novartis Canada: Honoraria; Astex: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Research Funding; Celgene Canada: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Fenaux: Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Astex: Honoraria, Research Funding; Astex: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding. Kelly: Abbvie: Honoraria; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria; Jannsen: Honoraria. Roboz: Cellectis: Research Funding; AbbVie, Agios, Amgen, Amphivena, Array Biopharma Inc., Astex, AstraZeneca, Celator, Celgene, Clovis Oncology, CTI BioPharma, Genoptix, Immune Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Juno, MedImmune, MEI Pharma, Novartis, Onconova, Pfizer, Roche Pharmace: Consultancy. Kshirsagar: Genentech, Inc: Other: Services via contractor. Dail: Genentech, Inc.: Employment. Wang: Genentech: Employment. Mobasher: Roche: Equity Ownership; Genentech: Employment. Chen: 4. F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Employment, Equity Ownership. Hong: Genentech: Employment; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Equity Ownership.
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Zhang, Xiaoyang, Yonghua He, Quanhui Lin, Lili Huang, Qunwei Zhang, and Youqiong Xu. "Adverse effects of subchronic exposure to cooking oil fumes on the gonads and the GPR30-mediated signaling pathway in female rats." Molecular & Cellular Toxicology 16, no. 1 (December 11, 2019): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13273-019-00053-w.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background Cooking oil fumes (COFs) are composed of particulate matter, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, aldehydes, and ketones, and are currently a global health concern. Some agents in COFs are mutagenic and carcinogenic. However, only a few reports have addressed the hazardous effects of COF exposure on the female reproductive system. In this study, we explored the effects of subchronic exposure to COFs on female gonads in vivo and the possible involvement of the G-protein-coupled receptor 30 signaling pathway. Methods COFs were generated by heating commercially available canola oil in an iron pot. Adult female Wistar rats at 2 months of age were exposed to COFs at 32 mg/m3 for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 h/day for 56 days. The estrous cycle in rats was studied twice at 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on the 43rd treatment day until the current estrous cycle was complete. The rat body weight was measured before the experiment and at day 56 post-exposure. At the end of the experiment, rat blood was collected for gonadal hormone assay, and ovaries were collected for histology and mRNA isolation. The mRNA levels of GPR30, EGFR, STAT3, and ERK were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Results At a concentration of 32.21 ± 5.11 mg/m3, COF exposure extended the estrous cycle in rats, and ovary coefficient decreased. COFs showed various effects on the sex hormone levels and follicles, depending on its exposure level. Exposure to COFs led to the changes in mRNA levels of the G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Conclusion This study indicated that cooking oil fume exposure disrupted the estrous cycle, sex hormone patterns, and follicle development in female rats in a dose-dependent manner. These adverse effects of cooking oil fumes on female reproductive health were correlated with the G-protein-coupled receptor 30-mediated signaling pathway. Highlights Subchronic exposure to COFs for 56 days had gonadal toxicity in female rats, that disrupted the estrous cycle, sex hormone patterns, and follicle development in a dose-dependent manner. Reproductive endocrine disruption might be one of the female gonadotoxicity mechanisms of COFs. These adverse effects of COFs on female reproductive health were correlated with the GPR30-mediated signaling pathway.
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Bruce, R. Douglas, P. Winkle, J. M. Custodio, X. Wei, M. S. Rhee, B. P. Kearney, S. Ramanathan, and Gerald H. Friedland. "Investigation of the Interactions between Methadone and Elvitegravir-Cobicistat in Subjects Receiving Chronic Methadone Maintenance." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 12 (September 30, 2013): 6154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01229-13.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTInteractions between HIV and opioid dependence therapies are known to occur. We sought to determine if such interactions occurred between methadone and elvitegravir boosted with cobicistat (EVG/COBI). We performed a within-subject open-label pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of 11 HIV-seronegative subjects stabilized on at least 2 weeks of methadone. Subjects underwent baseline and steady-state evaluation of the effect of elvitegravir 150 mg once a day (QD) boosted with 150 mg QD of cobicistat (EVG/COBI) on methadone pharmacokinetic parameters. Safety and pharmacodynamics were monitored throughout the study. Compared to baseline values, theR-methadone mean area under the concentration-time curve to the end of the dosing period (AUCtau) (5,550 versus 6,210 h · ng/ml) and mean maximum concentration of drug in serum (Cmax) (316 versus 337 ng/ml) did not significantly increase in the presence of EVG/COBI. Compared to baseline values, theS-methadone mean AUCtau(7,040 versus 7,540 h · ng/ml) and meanCmax(446 versus 452 ng/ml) did not significantly increase in the presence of EVG/COBI. The AUCtau,Cmax, andCtauof elvitegravir and cobicistat did not significantly differ from those of historical controls. Opioid withdrawal or overdose was not observed among subjects in this study. The addition of EVG/COBI to stabilized patients receiving methadone did not affect methadone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. These two agents can be safely coadministered.
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Mateen, Abdul, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Saleem, Alexandra Golubenkova, Leonid Voskressensky, Asma A. Alothman, Mohamed Ouladsmane, Awais Ahmad, and Muhammad Sufyan Javed. "A Novel High-Performance Anode Material with an Enlarged Potential Window for a Hybrid Energy Storage System." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 9577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249577.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cobalt-iron (CoFe) layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have received much interest for supercapacitors (SCs) because of their ion-insertable layer structure. However, there is still a need for more effort to increase their potential window and overall electrochemical energy storage capability as SC electrodes. In this work, we present a straightforward approach to synthesizing CoFe-LDHs on zinc oxide seeded carbon cloth (ZnO@CC) via a one-step hydrothermal reaction; the obtained electrode is denoted as CoFe-LDH@ZnO@CC. The electrochemical energy storage properties of CoFe-LDH@ZnO@CC are tested as an anode material using a three-electrode setup for SC applications in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. It can operate in a wider potential window reaching up to 1.6 V, exceeding most previously reported anode materials. The CoFe-LDH@ZnO@CC displayed capacitive charge storage accounting for 76% of the total charge stored at 20 mV/s. The CoFe-LDH@ZnO@CC anode delivered a maximum capacitance of 299.8 F/g at 2 A/g, outstanding cycle stability, and retained 97.7% of the initial capacitance value for 5000 cycles at 16 A/g. This study introduces a new strategy for structurally designing electroactive materials for energy storage devices, which might be useful as an anode for SCs.
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Riverso, Michael, Yaseen Perbtani, Jonathan Shuster, Joydeep Chakraborty, Tony Brar, Mitali Agarwal, Han Zhang, et al. "Carbon dioxide insufflation is associated with increased serrated polyp detection rate when compared to room air insufflation during screening colonoscopy." Endoscopy International Open 05, no. 09 (September 2017): E905—E912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-116382.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background and study aims Sessile serrated adenomas (SSA) and traditional serrated adenomas (TSA) have been increasingly recognized as precursors of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of carbon dioxide insufflation (CO2I) vs. room air insufflation (AI) on serrated polyp detection rate (SPDR) and to identify factors associated with SPDR. Patients and methods Single-center retrospective cohort study of 2083 screening colonoscopies performed with AI (November 2011 through January 2013) or CO2I (February 2013 to June 2015). Data on demographics, procedure characteristics and histology results were obtained from a prospectively maintained endoscopy database and chart review. SPDR was defined as proportion of colonoscopies in which ≥ 1 SSA, TSA or hyperplastic polyp (HP) ≥ 10 mm in the right colon was detected. Multi-variate analysis (MVA) was performed to identify predictors of SPDR. Results A total of 131 histologically confirmed serrated polyps (129 SSA, 2 TSA and 0 HP ≥ 10 mm) were detected. SPDR was higher with CO2I vs. AI (4.8 % vs. 1.4 %; P < 0.0001). On MVA, CO2I was associated with higher SPDR when compared to AI (OR: 9.52; 95 % CI: 3.05 – 30.3). Both higher body mass index (OR 1.05; 95 % CI:1.02 – 1.09) and longer colonoscope withdrawal time (OR 1.11; 95 % CI: 1.07 – 1.16) were also associated with higher SPDR. Conclusion CO2I is associated with higher SPDR when compared to AI during screening colonoscopy. While the mechanism remains unknown, we speculate that the favorable gas characteristics of CO2 compared to room air results in improved polyp detection by optimizing bowel insufflation. These findings suggest an additional reason to prefer the use of CO2I over AI during colonoscopy.
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Fagbemi, Temitope Olamide, Olubunmi Florence Osemene, and Oyinlade Agbaje. "Management Entrenchment, Firm Characteristics and Earnings Management Of Conglomerate Companies In Nigeria." Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis 9, no. 1 (March 22, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jab.v9i1.28576.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sometimes the rivalry between shareholders and management is an indication of the level of entrenchment within the corporate environment. Managers are believed to routinely manipulate earnings in order to mislead shareholders about their company's actual economic outlook or performance. As a result, the study investigated the impact of managerial entrenchment, firm characteristics and earnings management of conglomerate companies in Nigeria. Employing the ex-post facto research design, the data was gathered from secondary source of the 6 listed conglomerate companies for the 11-year period running (2008-2018). The study used discretionary accruals a proxy for earnings management and to calculate discretionary accruals, the study used modified Jones model. The result showed that management entrenchment and firm characteristics have Impact on multinational firms ' earnings management in Nigeria. Specifically, from the conglomerate’s entrenchment proxies, CEO’s tenure has a positive and significant impact on earnings management (coff. =1.062821, p-value =0.0367) and management entrenchment as measured by CEO’s shareholding has a negative and insignificant effect on earnings management (coff. =-6252391, p-value = 0.4090) while firm size, profitability and leverage indicated a significant and positive impact on earnings management (coff, = 0.124587, p-value = 0.0000; coff. = 0.006647, p-value = 0.0431 and coff. = 0.032065, p-value = 0.0000). The study therefore recommended among others that management should reduce the debt in their capital structure in order to improve their companies’ value and their capital structure should be majorly financed by equity rather than debt and reduce CEOs tenure to minimise earnings management practices.
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Chen, Hsieh, and Chung. "Continuity of Care, Follow-Up Care, and Outcomes among Breast Cancer Survivors." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 17 (August 22, 2019): 3050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16173050.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This retrospective cohort study examined the effects of care continuity on the utilization of follow-up services and outcome of breast cancer patients (stages I–III) in the post-treatment phase of care. Propensity score matching and generalized estimation equations were used in the analysis of data obtained from national longitudinal databases. The continuity of care index (COCI) was calculated separately for primary care physicians (PCP) and oncologists. Our results revealed that breast cancer survivors with a higher oncology COCI were more likely than those with a lower oncology COCI to use mammography or breast ultrasound during the follow-up period (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.19–1.32; OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.06–1.18; respectively). In terms of health outcomes, a higher oncology COCI was associated with a lower likelihood of hospitalization (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.71–0.85) and emergency department use (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.82–0.95). A higher PCP COCI was also associated with a lower likelihood of hospitalization (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.70–0.85) and emergency department use (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.68–0.82). Overall, this study determined that ambulatory care continuity is positively associated with the likelihood of using recommended follow-up care services and negatively associated with adverse health events among breast cancer survivors.
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Franco, Nuno, Eduardo Alves, M. Rickart, Anibal Guedes, Paulo Freitas, and Nuno P. Barradas. "X-Ray Diffraction Study of Ordered Antiferromagnets for Tunnel Junctions." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.314.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Antiferromagnets (AF) such as MnPt and MnNi can be used in spin valves and tunnel junctions due to their high exchange coupling, high blocking temperature, and fair corrosion resistance. They are used as pinning layer in a AF/FM/barrier/FM structure, where FM is a ferromagnet such as CoFe and the barrier is an ultra-thin insulating layer. However, as deposited MnPt and MnNi films with thickness around 20 nm are in the fcc phase, and show no exchange bias in AF/FM bilayers. A transition from fcc to fct is required, and takes place upon annealing. We present an X-ray diffraction study of the phase transition in glass/Ta 7nm/Ru 3 nm/MnPt 20 nm/CoFe 5 nm/Ta 3 nm AF/FM bilayers. We observe the MnPt phase transition from fcc to fct around 250°C. We correlate the phase transition with the change of the bilayers magnetic properties.
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Mao, Yanpeng, Shanxiu Yang, Chao Xue, Miaomiao Zhang, Wenlong Wang, Zhanlong Song, Xiqiang Zhao, and Jing Sun. "Rapid degradation of malachite green by CoFe 2 O 4 –SiC foam under microwave radiation." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 6 (June 2018): 180085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180085.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study demonstrated rapid degradation of malachite green (MG) by a microwave (MW)-induced enhanced catalytic process with CoFe 2 O 4 –SiC foam. The catalyst was synthesized from CoFe 2 O 4 particles and SiC foam by the hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to confirm that CoFe 2 O 4 particles were settled on the surface of SiC foam. In this experiment, a novel fixed-bed reactor was set up with this catalyst for a continuous flow process in a MW oven. The different parameters that affect the MW-induced degradation rate of MG were explored. The MW irradiation leads to the effective catalytic degradation of MG, achieving 95.01% degradation within 5 min at pH 8.5. At the same time, the good stability and applicability of CoFe 2 O 4 –SiC foam for the degradation process were also discussed, as well as the underlying mechanism. In brief, these findings make the CoFe 2 O 4 –SiC foam an excellent catalyst that could be used in practical rapid degradation of MG.
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Wang, Panfeng, Jingcai Xu, Yanbing Han, Bo Hong, Hongxiao Jin, Dingfeng Jin, Xiaoling Peng, Jing Li, Hongliang Ge, and Xinqing Wang. "Magnetic CoFe2O4/carbon nanotubes composites: fabrication, microstructure and magnetic response." Modern Physics Letters B 28, no. 12 (May 19, 2014): 1450095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798491450095x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
By combining the unique microstructure of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with the good magnetism of CoFe 2 O 4 ferrites, CoFe 2 O 4/CNTs nanocomposites were prepared by the solvothermal method for the application of targeting therapy and tumor hyperthermia. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravity analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were introduced to study the influence of the solvothermal temperature, time and the CNTs content on the microstructure and magnetic properties of CoFe 2 O 4/CNTs nanocomposites. The diameter of CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles coating on the surface of CNTs and the saturation magnetization (Ms) increased with the solvothermal temperature. CoFe 2 O 4/CNTs nanocomposites prepared at 180°C, 200°C and 220°C exhibited superparamagnetism at room temperature, while the samples prepared at 240°C and 260°C presented ferromagnetism. And the solvothermal time and CNTs content slightly affected the microstructure and magnetic properties, Ms and coercivity (Hc) increased slightly with the increasing solvothermal time and the decreasing CNTs content.
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Drinkall, Scott, Jackie Leung, and Kapiolani Micky. "Migration in the Midst of a Pandemic: A Case Study of Pacific Islanders in Oregon." Journal of Disaster Research 17, no. 3 (April 1, 2022): 372–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2022.p0372.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Pacific Islander population in the United States continues to grow due to outmigration and a unique immigration arrangement. Under the Compacts of Free Association (COFA), citizens from three Remote Oceania countries can travel to the United States to live and work without restriction. Given the special status of COFA migrants, there is a growing interest among policymakers and researchers to better understand this population, which has often been overlooked. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic has recently spotlighted this community due to their exceedingly high rates of infection, hospitalization, and morbidity. This study examines how migration is experienced during a pandemic via a case study of first-generation Micronesians living in Oregon’s Willamette Valley, one of the largest Micronesian communities in the United States. Interviews reveal how social determinants of health – such as economic stability, non-discrimination and equal treatment, access to healthcare, employment, and housing – may contribute to unequal health outcomes between Pacific Islander immigrants and other racial and ethnic populations. These determinants also contribute to human dignity. Using the emergent Migration with Dignity framework, this study assesses how the pandemic has challenged the six dimensions of dignity and disrupted the migration experience, including the push-pull factors for deciding to emigrate to and stay in the United States. Finally, the study assesses resources available for COFA citizens and avenues for improved support.
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Buckley, Peter. "China goes global: provenance, projection, performance and policy." International Journal of Emerging Markets 14, no. 1 (January 21, 2019): 6–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-01-2017-0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the provenance, projection, performance and policy concerning Chinese outward foreign direct investment (COFDI) and speculate on the existence of “China’s international strategy”. Design/methodology/approach This study includes a comprehensive review of COFDI. Findings There is evidence of not only the successful coordination of COFDI, but also context, conflict and independent decision making (in Chinese firms) playing an essential role in the determination of the direction, control and outcomes of the outward FDI, respectively. Research limitations/implications There is a great scope for further research on COFDI, as the lack of data prevents definitive conclusions, particularly on the outcomes and performance of the investments. Originality/value The paper presents an original synoptic view of key elements in the globalisation of the world economy and in the projection of Chinese economic power.
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McElfish, Pearl A., Rachel S. Purvis, Sheldon Riklon, and Seiji Yamada. "Compact of Free Association Migrants and Health Insurance Policies: Barriers and Solutions to Improve Health Equity." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 56 (January 2019): 004695801989478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0046958019894784.
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This commentary outlines the health insurance disparities of Compact of Free Association (COFA) migrants living in the United States. Compact of Free Association migrants are citizens of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, and the Republic of Palau who can live, work, and study in the United States without a visa. Compact of Free Association migrants make up a significant proportion of the rapidly growing Pacific Islander population in the United States. This article describes the historical and current relationships between the United States and the Compact nations and examines national policy barriers constraining health insurance access for COFA migrants. In addition, the commentary describes the state-level health policies of Arkansas, Hawai’i, and Oregon, which are the states where the majority of COFA migrants reside. Finally, policy recommendations are provided to improve health equity for COFA migrants.
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Asgharizadeh, S., M. Sutton, Z. Altounian, M. Mao, and C. L. Lee. "Ruthenium nano-oxide layer in CoFe-Ru-CoFe trilayer system: An x-ray reflectivity study." Journal of Applied Physics 103, no. 9 (May 2008): 094904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2903560.
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Chen, Zhengpu, Carl Wassgren, and Kingsly Ambrose. "Measurements of Grain Kernel Friction Coefficients Using a Reciprocating-Pin Tribometer." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 3 (2020): 675–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13748.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Highlights A tribometer was used to measure the friction coefficients of corn and wheat kernels. Both static and dynamic friction coefficients were measured for particle-wall interaction. Data analysis processes were developed to calculate dynamic friction coefficients for inter-particle interaction. Abstract. Various devices have been developed to measure the coefficient of friction (COF) of grain kernels; however, the majority of these tests measure the particle-wall COF at a bulk level. A method that can accurately measure both particle-wall and inter-particle COFs at a single-particle level remains to be developed. The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of using a reciprocating-pin tribometer to measure static and dynamic COFs between grain kernels and between grain kernels and wall materials. In this study, the methodology of the test was developed, and representative data from the particle-wall and inter-particle friction tests were reported. It was found that the static COFs of corn-steel, corn-acrylic, wheat-steel, and wheat-acrylic are 0.24 ±0.05, 0.22 ±0.03, 0.32 ±0.02, and 0.29 ±0.03, respectively. The dynamic COFs of corn-steel, corn-acrylic, corn-corn, wheat-steel, wheat-acrylic, and wheat-wheat are 0.22 ±0.06, 0.16 ±0.01, 0.09 ±0.02, 0.30 ±0.02, 0.20 ±0.02, and 0.18 ±0.04, respectively. The current study demonstrates that the reciprocating-pin tribometer is suitable for measuring the particle-wall and inter-particle COFs of grain kernels. Keywords: Coefficient of friction, Grain kernel, Reciprocating-pin tribometer