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1
Galofré, Jordi, José A. Jiménez, and Herminia I. Valdemoro. "BEACH RESTORATION IN THE TARRAGONA COAST (SPAIN); SAND MANAGEMENT DURING THE LAST 25 YEARS AND FUTURE PLANS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.risk.20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Erosion is the dominant behavior along worldwide coastlines. Although many factors can locally influence processes governing coastline evolution some common factors can be identified. Thus, the sediment budget has largely been modified in most of developed coasts, with river sand supplies being drastically reduced due to human influence in drainage basins. On the other hand, coastal segmentation due to infrastructures alters sediment transport patterns and induces and/or accelerates coastline erosion. Within this general context, artificial nourishment has been one of the most used coastal engineering measure by mimicking the role played by river sediment supplies to compensate local erosion problems. Since nourishment is not acting on the origin of the problems, erosive processes will continue to control shoreline evolution. Thus, the evolution of beach fills will be controlled by the sediment budget within the coastal cell where works have been done and, this will determine required sediment volumes to maintain the future shoreline. Within this context, we present data on long-term (25 years) shoreline evolution and nourishment operations in the Tarragona coast (Spain, NW Mediterranean). The main aim of the work is to analyze the coastal stability and the effects of beach fills along the coast taking into account the type of the coastal cell where works have been implemented. Once this has been evaluated, the sustainability of an adaptation strategy based on the use of this protection measure to cope with climate change induced scenarios is also assessed to propose a long- term sediment management plan.
2
Pollard, JA, T. Spencer, and SM Brooks. "The interactive relationship between coastal erosion and flood risk." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 43, no. 4 (August 22, 2018): 574–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133318794498.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coastal erosion and flooding are hazards that, when combined with facilitative pathways and vulnerable receptors, represent sources of coastal risk. Erosion and flooding risks are often analysed separately owing to complex relationships between driving processes, morphological response and risk receptors. We argue that these risks should be considered jointly and illustrate this through discussion of three ‘expressions’ of this interactive relationship: coastal morphology modifies flood hazard; future flood risk depends on changing shoreline position; and the simultaneous occurrence of erosion–flooding events. Some critical thoughts are offered on the general applicability of these expressions and the implications for coastal risk management policy.
3
Le Dissez, Aurélie, Eric Lagroy De Croutte, and Luc Hamm. "MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR CLIMATE RESILIENCE OF COASTAL AREAS IN TOGO." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.risk.22.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bight of Benin coast is highly vulnerable to climate change and one of its negative effects: sea level rise. It affects the coastal zones of Ghana, Togo and Benin. Within these areas, a substantial impact is expected not only on livelihoods but also on key infrastructure in coastal areas, leading to the destruction of coastal line and its habitats, socio-economic mutations and beach erosion increase. In Togo, the erosion retreat, due to improper coastal and infrastructure management, has been estimated between 5 to 10 meters per year during the period 1955-1985 and 20 to 30 meters per year during the period 1985-2009, forcing the coastal road linking Lomé to Aného to be moved twice. Taking into consideration climate change, this figure will progressively increase. Under the African Development Fund 13th cycle (2014 - 2017), the African Development Bank (AfDB) is supporting the Togolese government’s effort of strengthening regional integration through the financing of transport infrastructure, in particular the “rehabilitation of the corridor Lome-Cotonou and transport facilitation projectâ€. The main objective of AfDB project is to finance the related infrastructure and capacity building that will make coastal infrastructure, roads in particular, climate resilient.
4
Rangel-Buitrago, Nelson, William J. Neal, and Victor N. de Jonge. "Risk assessment as tool for coastal erosion management." Ocean & Coastal Management 186 (March 2020): 105099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105099.
Повний текст джерела
5
Lizondo, Susana, Kevin Barry, Joshua Reilly, Julie Ascoop, Howard Neil Southgate, Matilda Kitou, Daniel Walsh, Steve Lahiffe, and Tom Tiernan. "MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF COASTAL RISKS AT CLOUGHANINCHY (WEST COAST OF IRELAND)." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.management.7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this paper is to present the multidisciplinary approach adopted to undertake a detailed coastal flood and erosion risk management investigation at Cloughaninchy beach (Ireland). The site was severely affected by a series of extreme events with extreme high tide combined with a severe sea swell and onshore winds resulting in severe damage due to flooding and wave action as well as substantial retreat of the dune system. Based on a comprehensive assessment and multidisciplinary studies an appropriate plan was subsequently developed to best manage the risks identified and to further assess the feasibility of the recommended management plan options and measures. The project is an example of how vital the integration of specialized disciplines (coastal engineering, hydraulic flood modelling and coastal morphology) is in the determination of the appropriate protection measures for coastal sites.
6
Huang, Wei-Po, Chun-Jhen Ye, and Jui-Chan Hsu. "Forecasts of the Compound Coastal Erosion Risks Based on Time-Variant Assessment: A Case Study on Yunlin Coast, Taiwan." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 14505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114505.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A coastal erosion risk assessment was framed as the basis for the intervention of coastal adaptation strategies under time-variant scenarios. The framework was devised to assess the influence of coastal erosion on coastal defense, the coastal inundation induced by the erosion-induced malfunction of defense, and risks using a downscaling analysis and the mechanism of the compound hazard interaction, which are innovative and practical for the application of coastal management in Taiwan. In addition, the vulnerable socio-economy was also taken into consideration in risk assessment. The adaptive strategy is proposed in terms of the risk origins and time-variance of risk forecasts, and the risk origins were assessed based on the Fuzzy Delphi Method and the analytic hierarchy process instead of subjective consideration. Within the erosion-induced hazard and risk assessments, this study considered erosion rates, decreases in defense elevation due to land subsidence, and population development in time-variant scenario analyses to estimate risk forecasts. Furthermore, a case study of the Yunlin coastal area was undertaken to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. The presented results are informative for coastal hazard reduction and the promotion of the sustainable development of coastal zones.
7
Rosen, Sergiu Dov. "ASSESSING PRESENT AND FUTURE MEDITERRANEAN SEA LEVEL RISE IMPACT ON ISRAEL’S COAST AND MITIGATION WAYS AGAINST BEACH AND CLIFF EROSION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (February 1, 2011): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.management.4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents the outcome of a coastal engineering hydro and morpho-dynamic model study using a number of
numerical models which was conducted by the author on the erosion state of the Mediterranean coast of Israel for a
time horizon of 100 years. The study assessed future sea levels, and compared wave setup and runup and beach
profile erosion at the coastal cliffs in order to determine the relative sensitivity of the various coastal sectors of the
Israeli shore. Finally it investigated measures and means for effective the mitigation of the forecasted beach and cliff
erosion. The study was carried out as part of a multi disciplinary work involving various additional disciplines, and
was used to establish a national policy document in regards to the coastal cliffs collapse and erosion by natural and
anthropogenic induced factors, including global warming induced sea level rise and reduced return period of extreme
events. The approach and outcomes are estimated to be useful for coasts of similar conditions elsewhere on the globe.
8
Abdullah, Yusfida Ayu, Habsah Hashim, Na'asah Nasrudin, and Puziah Ahmad. "Nurturing Community Engagement in Coastal Erosion Risk Management in Kuala Selangor, Malaysia." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, no. 13 (March 24, 2020): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2053.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The coastal areas in Peninsular Malaysia have been experiencing immense coastal erosion issues. The government executed many initiatives to reduce coastal erosion and damages. This study aims at examining the local community's beliefs and role in protecting their coastal areas. Pantai Jeram and Pantai Remis became the case study, and a questionnaire survey using purposive sampling was conducted involving 212 respondents. A focus group discussion was also operated. Results demonstrated severe damage to the coastal area and revealed the awareness of the residents and their willingness to participate in community engagement programs.Keywords: Coastal Zone; Coastal Erosion; Coastal Risk Management; Community EngagementeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2053
9
E SOUZA, CELIA REGINA DE GOUVEIA. "Coastal Erosion Risk Assessment, Shoreline Retreat Rates and Causes of Coastal Erosion Along the State of São Paulo Coast, Brazil." Pesquisas em Geociências 28, no. 2 (December 31, 2001): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.20320.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Monitoring on coastal erosion problems along the São Paulo shoreline have been carrying out by the author since mid the 80’s, including almost 87% of the whole 430 km length of sandy beaches. Eleven types of indicators of coastal erosional processes have been recognized, which have been attributed to seventeen causes, among them ten correspond to natural mechanisms and seven are due to anthropogenic interference. In this paper is presented rates of shoreline retreat based on the Bruun Rule application for six of the most threatened beaches, for a period as long as 56 years. Risk assessment is also estimated for these six beaches based on two criteria: (i) the total number (sum) of types of coastal erosion indicators found along the shoreline (frequency among the 11 types) and (ii) general spatial distribution (percentage of surface area) of coastal erosion indicators along the shoreline. Causes and effects of the coastal erosional processes are discussed for these six beaches. Results reveal high rates of shoreline retreat, even in non-urbanized areas, as well demonstrate that the six beaches are at very-high risk. Moreover, they indicate that natural mechanisms are very important as cause of coastal erosional processes in São Paulo, sometimes most them the human-induced causes. These studies have widely been supporting the State Plan for Coastal Zone Management, in order to create special rules for occupation and some activities along the shoreline, including engineering works, building and sand beach exploration. Besides, results are being recorded in a geoenvironmental information system for the Coastal Zone of the State of São Paulo (Project SIIGAL), which is in phases of implantation.
10
Jongejan, Ruben, Roshanka Ranasinghe, and Han Vrijling. "A RISK-INFORMED APPROACH TO COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 30, 2011): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.management.8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Economic and population growth have led to an unprecedented increase in the value at risk in coastal zones over the last century. To avoid excessive future losses, particularly in the light of projected climate change impacts, coastal zone managers have various instruments at their disposal. These primarily concern land-use planning (establishing buffer zones) and engineering solutions (beach nourishment and coastal protection). In this paper, we focus on risk mitigation through the implementation of buffer zones (setback lines). Foregoing land-use opportunities in coastal regions and protecting coasts is costly, but so is damage caused by inundation and storm erosion. Defining appropriate setback lines for land-use planning purposes is a balancing act. It is however unclear what level of protection is facilitated by current approaches for defining setback lines, and whether this is, at least from an economic perspective, sufficient. In this paper, we present an economic model to determine which setback lines would be optimal from an economic perspective. The results provide a useful reference point in the political debate about the acceptability of risk in coastal zones. The main conclusions are (i) that it is useful to define setback lines on the basis of their exceedance probabilities, (ii) that the exceedance probability of an economically efficient setback line will typically be in the order of magnitude of 1/100 per year, (iii) that it is important to distinguish between situations in which morphological conditions are stationary and non-stationary, and (iv) that long-term uncertainties (e.g. due to climate change) influence the exceedance probability of efficient setback lines but only to a limited extent.
11
Capolupo, Alessandra, Cristina Monterisi, Alessandra Saponieri, Fabio Addona, Leonardo Damiani, Renata Archetti, and Eufemia Tarantino. "An Interactive WebGIS Framework for Coastal Erosion Risk Management." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 6 (May 24, 2021): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9060567.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Italian coastline stretches over about 8350 km, with 3600 km of beaches, representing a significant resource for the country. Natural processes and anthropic interventions keep threatening its morphology, moulding its shape and triggering soil erosion phenomena. Thus, many scholars have been focusing their work on investigating and monitoring shoreline instability. Outcomes of such activities can be largely widespread and shared with expert and non-expert users through Web mapping. This paper describes the performances of a WebGIS prototype designed to disseminate the results of the Italian project Innovative Strategies for the Monitoring and Analysis of Erosion Risk, known as the STIMARE project. While aiming to include the entire national coastline, three study areas along the regional coasts of Puglia and Emilia Romagna have already been implemented as pilot cases. This WebGIS was generated using Free and Open-Source Software for Geographic information systems (FOSS4G). The platform was designed by combining Apache http server, Geoserver, as open-source server and PostgreSQL (with PostGIS extension) as database. Pure javascript libraries OpenLayers and Cesium were implemented to obtain a hybrid 2D and 3D visualization. A user-friendly interactive interface was programmed to help users visualize and download geospatial data in several formats (pdf, kml and shp), in accordance with the European INSPIRE directives, satisfying both multi-temporal and multi-scale perspectives.
12
Lindemer, Christina, Jeffrey Gangai, Christopher Mack, Elena Drei-Horgan, and Darryl Hatheway. "COASTAL STORM INDUCED EROSION PREDICTIONS FOR FEMA FIS COASTAL HAZARD RISK MAPPING." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Flood Insurance Studies (FISs) produced by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) per the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) regulations and guidelines adopt storm-induced erosion criteria often called the “540 ruleâ€. The methods used in the erosion analysis have been in place since the 1980s. The method requires dunes to be classified as fully eroded, or “removedâ€, when their cross-sectional reservoir is smaller than 540 square feet. Since the rule’s first application, additional data and recent evidence have become available leading FEMA to identify this approach as an area of the program in need of updating and improvement. Experts involved in conducting coastal hazard analyses for FEMA studies recommend exploring opportunities to improve FEMA guidelines for erosion criterion and revise NFIP regulations and guidance, as needed, to ensure that storm-related erosion hazards are appropriately evaluated and mapped along US coastlines.
13
Eftimova, Petya, Nikolay Valchev, Nataliya Andreeva, Bogdan Prodanov, and Lyubomir Dimitrov. "CALCULATION OF MAXIMUM WAVE RUN-UP AND EROSION AT VARNA REGIONAL COAST (WESTERN BLACK SEA) USING EMPIRICAL MODELS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.management.17.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
European coasts suffer significantly from hazards caused by low-probability and high-impact hydro-meteorological events. The aim of the study is to assess in probabilistic terms the magnitude of stormâ€induced flooding and erosion hazards along Varna regional coast (Bulgaria, western Black Sea). The study is performed employing the Coastal Risk Assessment Framework (CRAF) developed within EU FP7 RISC-KIT project. It constitutes a screening process that allows estimation of relevant hazard intensities and extents within predefined sectors. Since total water level was the chief property considered for determination of coastal flooding hazard, the accurate calculation of maximum wave induced run-up is of utter importance. Therefore, a central part of the study is testing the applicability and validation of three empirical models – from which the Holman model was preferred to be applied on sandy beaches, as well as EurOtop formulation for artificial or rocky slopes. As for erosion hazard, the performance of the convolution model was assessed and subsequently employed for evaluation of shoreline retreat. Quantification of hazard intensities allowed hinterland extent to be roughly delineated. As a final result of the study, hazard indicators were obtained for both flooding and erosion, which were subsequently mapped and used for identification of the most susceptible sectors along the regional coast. It was found that their concentration is highest in Varna Bay.
14
Reeve, Dominic, Jose M. Horrillo-Caraballo, Andrew Fox, Dave Simmonds, Sum Kwan, Shunqi Pan, and Deborah Greaves. "COASTAL DEFENCE EVALUATION: AN SPRC APPROACH." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 18, 2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.37.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we show how the methodology based on the Source-Pathway-Receptor-Consequence (SPRC) approach can be used to identify the risks of flooding and erosion. The methodology is applied to the Teign Estuary in Devon, UK to define the linkages between physical loads (waves, tides), sea defences, areas liable to flooding and the impacts of flooding.
15
Beuzen, Tomas, Kristen D. Splinter, Ian L. Turner, Mitchell D. Harley, Lucy A. Marshall, Margaret L. Palmsten, Hilary F. Stockdon, and Nathaniel G. Plant. "A PROBABILISTIC MODEL OF REGIONAL-SCALE RESPONSE TO EXTREME STORM EVENTS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.risk.46.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Predicting beach erosion caused by extreme storms remains a key focus of the coastal engineering community, having important implications for both emergency and long-term coastal management and planning. In June 2016, an extra-tropical cyclone impacted the east coast of Australia, resulting in the largest erosion event recorded in this region for several decades. High-resolution data collected during this event included immediate pre and post-storm airborne LIDAR measurements of the subaerial beach along 400 km of coastline, as well as detailed modeling of inshore wave conditions. This unprecedented data set presents a unique opportunity to explore key drivers of the observed local and regional variability in the response of beaches to extreme storm events.
16
Corbau, Corinne, Michele Greco, Giovanni Martino, Elisabetta Olivo, and Umberto Simeoni. "Assessment of the Vulnerability of the Lucana Coastal Zones (South Italy) to Natural Hazards." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 7 (June 28, 2022): 888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10070888.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coasts are highly dynamic and geo-morphologically complex systems that are exposed to several factors such as waves, extreme meteorological events and climate change. It is also well-recognized that coastal zones, characterized by an increasing population growth, are vulnerable to climate change. In addition, coastal erosion, resulting from natural environment changes and human activities, acts worldwide. Consequently, it is necessary to quantify coastal hazards vulnerability and develop tools to monitor coastal risks and support making targeted climate adaptation policies. In this paper, a framework to estimate coastal vulnerability to flooding and erosion has been developed for the Ionian Basilicata coast. It is based on two methods: the integrated vulnerability index (flooding and erosion) and the CeD physical vulnerability index (multi-risk assessment). Our results are in agreement with the recent shoreline evolution: the integrated coastal risk of the Ionian Basilicata coast is generally medium to high, while the “physical erosion vulnerability” is generally high to very high. In addition, the results highlight a spatial variability of the vulnerability, probably due to the morphology of the beach, which requires developing a strategic approach to coastal management and defining mitigation measures, considering relevant risk aspects as the vulnerability and exposure degree.
17
Prieto-Campos, Antonio, Pilar Díaz-Cuevas, Miriam Fernandez-Nunez, and José Ojeda-Zújar. "Methodology for Improving the Analysis, Interpretation, and Geo-Visualisation of Erosion Rates in Coastal Beaches—Andalusia, Southern Spain." Geosciences 8, no. 9 (September 5, 2018): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8090335.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Erosion is one of the major issues currently facing coastal areas. Some consequences of this process are beach loss and higher flood risk, which will likely be exacerbated given ongoing sea-level rise. With this in mind, those responsible for conservation and management decisions need appropriate tools with which to identify critical coastal areas, as well as to analyse, interpret, and visualise them with the appropriate geomorphological and environmental background. The aim of this work was to present a methodology for improving the analysis and interpretation of coastal erosion rates, as well as to guarantee wide access and dissemination of erosion data. To that end, an approach for the production, management, and dissemination of shoreline erosion data for the Andalusian coast in Southern Spain was developed. This approach enables the analysis and interpretation of the erosion rates in coasts by linking erosion rates with geomorphological and thematic information using a data model. Additionally, this methodology was proven to be a valid and appropriate tool for the design of a web-based viewer, being the best way to represent the erosion rates obtained every 50 m of shore for the entire Andalusian coast, being an exposed coastal front 917 km long. This is particularly useful for integrated coastal zone management schemes, enabling quick and easy access to valuable information.
18
Coelho, Carlos, Pedro Narra, Bárbara Marinho, and Márcia Lima. "Coastal Management Software to Support the Decision-Makers to Mitigate Coastal Erosion." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 11, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010037.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are no sequential and integrated approaches that include the steps needed to perform an adequate management and planning of the coastal zones to mitigate coastal erosion problems and climate change effects. Important numerical model packs are available for users, but often looking deeply to the physical processes, demanding big computational efforts and focusing on specific problems. Thus, it is important to provide adequate tools to the decision-makers, which can be easily interpreted by populations, promoting discussions of optimal intervention scenarios in medium to long-term horizons. COMASO (coastal management software) intends to fill this gap, presenting a group of tools that can be applied in standalone mode, or in a sequential order. The first tool should map the coastal erosion vulnerability and risk, also including the climate change effects, defining a hierarchy of priorities where coastal defense interventions should be performed, or limiting/constraining some land uses or activities. In the locations identified as priorities, a more detailed analysis should consider the application of shoreline and cross-shore evolution models (second tool), allowing discussing intervention scenarios, in medium to long-term horizons. After the defined scenarios, the design of the intervention should be discussed, both in case of being a hard coastal structure or an artificial nourishment (third type of tools). Finally, a cost-benefit assessment tool should optimize the decisions, forecasting costs and benefits for each different scenario, through definition of economic values to the interventions and to the land/services/ecosystems, weighting all the environmental, cultural, social and historical aspects. It is considered that COMASO tools can help giving answers to the major problems of the coastal planning and management entities, integrating transversal knowledge in risk assessment, physical processes, engineering and economic evaluations. The integrated coastal zone management needs these tools to ensure sustainable coastal zones, mitigating erosion and climate change effects.
19
Yoshida, Jun, Keiko Udo, Yuriko Takeda, and Akira Mano. "CENTURY-SCALE SHORELINE CHANGES OF FIVE BEACHES IN JAPAN." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 15, 2012): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.35.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coastal erosion caused by sea level rise is a serious problem for people all over the world. Global sea level will rise from 0.18 to 0.59 m (IPCC, 2007). Along the coasts in Japan, sea level will rise from 0.09 to 0.27 m by the end of this century. The future estimation considers only thermal expansion due to rising sea temperature caused by global warming. However, considering the contribution of scale-down of Greenland and Antarctic ice sheet, there is potential of the increase in the rate of sea level rise. There are few studies which evaluate impacts of the future beach erosion on society by comparing with the past shoreline change resulting from natural forces and human activities. This study evaluates the long-term shoreline changes due to natural forces and human activities by using old maps. Shoreline changes were influenced by natural forces from 1900 to 1950 and were influenced by human activities from 1950 to 1990. Shoreline changes showed that the changes tended to be stable after 1990, and coastal erosion due to climate change would likely become obvious in the future.
20
Gallina, Valentina, Silvia Torresan, Alex Zabeo, Andrea Critto, Thomas Glade, and Antonio Marcomini. "A Multi-Risk Methodology for the Assessment of Climate Change Impacts in Coastal Zones." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 2, 2020): 3697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093697.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Climate change threatens coastal areas, posing significant risks to natural and human systems, including coastal erosion and inundation. This paper presents a multi-risk approach integrating multiple climate-related hazards and exposure and vulnerability factors across different spatial units and temporal scales. The multi-hazard assessment employs an influence matrix to analyze the relationships among hazards (sea-level rise, coastal erosion, and storm surge) and their disjoint probability. The multi-vulnerability considers the susceptibility of the exposed receptors (wetlands, beaches, and urban areas) to different hazards based on multiple indicators (dunes, shoreline evolution, and urbanization rate). The methodology was applied in the North Adriatic coast, producing a ranking of multi-hazard risks by means of GIS maps and statistics. The results highlight that the higher multi-hazard score (meaning presence of all investigated hazards) is near the coastline while multi-vulnerability is relatively high in the whole case study, especially for beaches, wetlands, protected areas, and river mouths. The overall multi-risk score presents a trend similar to multi-hazard and shows that beaches is the receptor most affected by multiple risks (60% of surface in the higher multi-risk classes). Risk statistics were developed for coastal municipalities and local stakeholders to support the setting of adaptation priorities and coastal zone management plans.
21
Binh, Tran Van, Le Dinh Mau, and Vu Van Phai. "Some issues of geomorphology to serve coastal environmental management of Quang Nam province." Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ biển 19, no. 4A (November 8, 2019): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/19/4a/14599.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents the results of studies on the coastal geomorphological processes, which have been happening, to serve the coastal environmental management of Quang Nam province. Research results show that the geomorphological process is mainly destruction or coastal erosion, which has been occurring in most of the shores formed by loose material. In particular, coastal erosion has occurred strongly on the beaches of Cua Dai ward (Hoi An), in the south of Cua Dai (Duy Xuyen) and the south of Cua Lo (Nui Thanh). On the other hand, using geomorphological research methods, in the study area, we have determined five different geomorphic units belonging to the nearshore seabed. Thus, the zonation is carried out for risk warning according to different levels of risk of geomorphological hazards. This can help managers get a general picture for planning as well as have a specific planning policy for each coastal region in the coastal strip of Quang Nam province.
22
Monti, Alejandro J. A. "Gestión del riesgo y complejidad en el litoral urbanizado de Puerto Madryn." Revista Estudios Ambientales - Environmental Studies Journal 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2013): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.47069/estudios-ambientales.v1i1.1064.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En este artículo se revisan críticamente los procesos de construcción de riesgo de erosión costera sobre el frente urbanizado de Puerto Madryn (Chubut). Sobre la base de interpretar a los escenarios de riesgos como sistemas complejos, se determinaron las relaciones y mutuas dependencias entre: a) la peligrosidad de erosión (subsistema físico-natural), b) la vulnerabilidad física de las construcciones expuestas (subsistema socio-económico) y c) las acciones de gestión junto con las decisiones de actores sociales involucrados en el desarrollo costero (subsistema jurídico-administrativo). La metodología incluyó reconocimientos de campo sobre los atributos físico-naturales y socio-económicos, para calificar las condiciones de peligrosidad, vulnerabilidad y riesgo de Punta Cuevas y Barrancas Norte, ubicadas en los extremos acantilados septentrionales y meridionales, respectivamente. Se complementó con búsqueda documental sobre: acciones de gestión vinculadas con las situaciones de ocupación costera actual, identificación de actores intervinientes y normatividad ambiental. Los resultados muestran que frente a las mismas condiciones de peligrosidad de erosión costera, la construcción del riesgo en el sistema litoral Barrancas Norte, evidencia un conjunto de decisiones compatibles con una perspectiva compensatoria del riesgo, así como el incumplimiento de la normativa ambiental y ausencia de articulación sinérgica entre actores sociales. Se comprueba que las acciones de prevención explicitadas en la normatividad ambiental, son condición necesaria pero no suficiente para asegurar un proceso de gestión prospectiva del riesgo. En sistemas costeros complejos con riesgo de erosión, es necesario además fomentar una fuerte articulación entre usuarios costeros y tomadores de decisión, ambos atributos del subsistema jurídico-administrativo, para avanzar en un proceso de planificación sustentable de usos costeros.
Abstract
In this article we review critically the construction processes of coastal erosion risk on the front urbanized Puerto Madryn (Chubut). On the basis of interpreting risk scenarios as complex systems, were determined mutual relationships and dependencies between: a) the hazardousness of erosion (natural-physical subsystem), b) physical vulnerability of buildings exposed (socio-economic subsystem) and c) management actions along with the decisions of social actors involved in coastal development (legal-administrative subsystem). The methodology included field surveys on natural-physical and socio-economic attributes, to qualify the conditions of hazard, vulnerability and risk of Punta Cuevas and Barrancas Norte located on the cliffs of the southern and northern sectors, respectively. Search was supplemented with documentary about: management actions related to the current coastal occupation situations, identification of actors involved, and environmental regulations. The results show that under the same conditions of coastal erosion hazard, the construction of risk in Barrancas Norte coastal system, evidence a set of decisions consistent with a compensatory perspective of risk, non-compliance with environmental regulations and lack of synergies are between social actors. It is found that explicit prevention efforts in environmental regulations are necessary but not sufficient to ensure a process of prospective risk management. In complex coastal systems at risk of erosion, it is also necessary to promote strong links between coastal users and decision makers, both attributes legal-administrative subsystem, to advance a sustainable planning process of coastal uses.
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Robichaux, Laura, Susan Owen, and Paul Kench. "FUZZY COGNITIVE MAPPING: PROPOSED ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR COASTAL RISK MANAGEMENT PROJECT PROCESSES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.risk.29.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As coastal development, understanding of coastal hazards and engineering capability have increased over the past century, it has become standard practice to implement risk reduction strategies to mitigate impacts of inundation, flooding and erosion on coastal communities. The implementation process of coastal risk management projects can be simplified to three phases: i) conceptualization, ii) engagement, and iii) execution with project termination possible at any stage. Each phase is affected by both actors and actants (non-human influencers). To date, there have been few attempts to robustly analyze and understand the technical, institutional, financial, social and temporal complexities of these risk management processes. Consequently critical factors that underpin implementation or abandonment of these projects are poorly resolved. For the purposes of this research, the ratio of projects that are constructed or policies which are enacted as compared to those that are abandoned prior to implementation is termed the “implementation gap†(Lowry, 1985). The implementation gap in coastal risk management in Germany over the past 30 years is approximately 50% (Becker, Huitema, & Aerts, 2015). Furthermore, the implementation gap for policy-centric retreat or adaptation projects is wider than for conventional defense (Gibbs, 2016; Heffernan, 2012). While singular case study approaches aid in understanding dynamics of a particular project and location, coastal risk management and climate change literature have both called for creation of a robust framework to examine decision making processes across several case studies to better understand the “adaptation deficit†in climate change adaptation or the “implementation gap†in coastal risk management (Eisenack, et al., 2014; Dow, et al., 2013). Here we summarize the methods undertaken to develop and test a framework reliant on fuzzy cognitive mapping that will allow comparison of the varied social, financial, and institutional influences driving project outcomes in the conceptual design, engagement, and execution phases of coastal risk management implementation. Testing of this framework will be performed with approximately 25 case studies in Hawke’s Bay, New Zealand and Terrebonne Parish, United States.
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Mohd, Fazly Amri, Mohammad Aiman Azizi, Rohayu Haron Narashid, Noorfatekah Talib, Nor Aizam Adnan, Haris Abdul Rahim, and Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud. "Assessment of Coastal Landscape Along Kelantan Coast Using Geospatial Techniques." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1019, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1019/1/012036.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The social and economic development from the coastal area benefits human life. However, growing human and environmental pressures at coastal areas also bring significant impacts on coastal erosion and coastline changes. Nowadays, geospatial technology which utilized remote sensing and GIS techniques has been widely used to detect coastal erosion for controlling the development and coastal region sustainability. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the coastal erosion and accretion for the potential risk zone based on the characteristics of the landscape and land use land cover (LULC) at the Kelantan Coast using land use classification and GIS spatial interpolation techniques. In this study, the vulnerability level of the coastal profile at the Kelantan coast was determined from the beach profile survey and the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation method. Then, the Land Use Land Cover (LULC) along a 1 km buffer zone were classified by performing a supervised classification method on Sentinel 2 satellite images year 2020. The effect of these parameters on coastal erosion was determined from separated five management units (MU 1, MU 2, MU 3, MU 4, MU 5) along the Kelantan Coast based on the Malaysian Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID). It is found that MU 3 (0.8%) and MU 5 (0.6%) were the area with the lowest average slope profile percentages which is located at Pantai Sabak and Pantai Kemayang respectively. Thus, the infrastructure, LULC and coastal communities in Pantai Sabak and Pantai Kemayang were potentially vulnerable to erosion. This finding supports the significant use of geospatial techniques of important decision-making to protect and mitigate steps toward sustainable coastal management along the coastline.
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Bruno, Maria Francesca, Giulia Motta Zanin, Angela Barbanente, and Leonardo Damiani. "Understanding the Cognitive Components of Coastal Risk Assessment." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 7 (July 18, 2021): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9070780.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nowadays, erosion and flooding risks represent a serious threat to coastal areas and this trend will be worsened due to climate change. The increasing concentration of population in coastal areas has a negative impact on the coastal ecosystem due to change in land use and the exploitation of natural resources, which has also increased exposure to coastal hazards. Risk assessment is hence a primary topic in coastal areas and are often affected by mismanagement and competition of interest between stakeholders. This paper presents an integrated model for coastal risk assessment as well as its application on a test site in the Puglia Region (Southern Italy). An innovative approach has been developed combining a traditional index-based model, exploiting a Drivers-Pressures-State-Impact-Response framework (DPSIR), with stakeholder’s and policy makers’ engagement by using the Future Workshop method and complementary individual working sessions structured through the use of Fuzzy-Cognitive Maps. The study shows that stakeholders’ and policy makers’ risk perception play a key role in coastal risk management and that the integration of physical risk with social perception is relevant to develop more effective management following the basics of Integrated Coastal Zone Management.
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Somphong, Chatuphorn, Keiko Udo, Sompratana Ritphring, Hiroaki Shirakawa, and So Kazama. "ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT TO FUTURE BEACH LOSS DUE TO SEA LEVEL RISE IN THAILAND." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.risk.13.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coastal erosion induced by seal level rise could become more serious problems worldwide (Hinkel et al., 2013; Udo and Takeda, 2017). There has been recent study regarding the projection of future (2100) erosion due to SLR in Thailand according to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) projection of SLR based on representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios. By overall, Thailand sandy beach areas are projected to be lost approximately 46% (RCP2.6) to 72% (RCP8.5) of its current condition (Ritphring et al., accepted) and the plan for its adaptation should be devised. Among variety of management strategies used for coastal protections, Yoshida et al. (2014) proposed a framework for a proper beach nourishment considering beach roles of environment conservation and recreation use and applied for Japanese beaches. Meanwhile, dike construction was adopted as an option in a global scale (Hinkel et al., 2013). Since there is no applicable adaptation framework to Thailand, this study provides a new framework to adapt to the sea level rise by cost-benefit analysis considering beach nourishment and dike construction as adaptation options.
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Ankrah, Johnson, Ana Monteiro, and Helena Madureira. "Shoreline Change and Coastal Erosion in West Africa: A Systematic Review of Research Progress and Policy Recommendation." Geosciences 13, no. 2 (February 17, 2023): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13020059.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Shoreline change and coastal erosion resulting from natural events such as sea level rise and negative anthropogenic activities continue to be problems in many of the world’s coastal regions. Many coastal socio-ecological systems have become vulnerable as a result, especially in developing countries with less adaptive capacity. We utilized the systematic method to understand the research progress and policy recommendations on shoreline change and coastal erosion in West Africa. A total of 113 documents were retrieved from Scopus and the Web of Sciences databases, and 43 documents were eligible following established criteria. It was revealed that research on shoreline change and coastal erosion has progressed substantially since 1998, with most research studies originating from the Ghanaian territory. Again, most of the shoreline change and erosion problems in West Africa result from natural events such as sea level rise. However, there was evidence of anthropogenic influences such as sand mining, dam construction, and human encroachment causing shoreline change and erosion in the region. Research in the region has also progressed in terms of methodological approaches. Since 2004, researchers have utilized remote sensing and GIS techniques to source and analyze shoreline change and erosion. However, a combination of remote sensing and field observation approaches is required to clearly depict the erosion problems and aid policy direction. The overall call to action regarding policy recommendations revolves around improving coastal adaptation measures and the resilience of communities, instituting proper coastal zone management plans, and improving shoreline change and coastal erosion research. To protect lives and property, policymakers in the region need to set up good coastal zone management plans, strengthen adaptation measures, and make coastal communities more resistant to possible risks.
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Barbaro, Giuseppe. "Management and Protection of Coastal Area, the Importance of Coastal Processes during the Planning Phase." Air, Soil and Water Research 6 (January 2013): ASWR.S12868. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/aswr.s12868.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coastal processes should be one of the main issues in coastal zone management; ignoring it could lead to wrong decisions which, in turn, could lead to environmental disaster. This letter shows some examples of coastal structures that are built without taking into account coastal processes, and discusses their impact on the environment, with the hopes that the examples provided can serve as a warning for any future decisions. The analyzed zone is the coast of the Calabria Region in southern Italy. The coast is being studied as part of an agreement between the Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria and the Calabria Basin Authority, concerning the redaction of the Coastal Erosion Risk Mitigation Plan. All data and results are obtained from a preliminary study of the coastal processes in Calabria. Calabria, with more than 700 km of coasts, is affected by coastal erosion, so the proper management and protection of the coastal zone represents an important issue that cannot be avoided.
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Ozyurt, Gulizar, Aysen Ergin, and Cuneyt Baykal. "COASTAL VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT TO SEA LEVEL RISE INTEGRATED WITH ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 29, 2011): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.management.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper discusses a parameter based coastal vulnerability assessment model to sea level rise. The model integrates physical characteristics and human activities with expert perception through an application of analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The results of AHP enables to assign weights to parameters of the model which determine vulnerability of a coastal area to the impacts of sea level rise such as coastal erosion, inundation, flooding due to storm surges, saltwater intrusion to groundwater and rivers. The results of AHP also indicates that sea level rise is not considered as one of the main driving forces of the impacts that might be already present contrary to the reports that state that sea level rise will trigger many problems along coastal areas. The application of the coastal vulnerability assessment model to two different coastal areas of Turkey showed that there is a need for overall evaluation of coastal areas in terms of vulnerability to sea level rise considering all the impacts. It is seen that assessing overall vulnerability is an important tool for national assessments. On the other hand, impact vulnerabilities are important when regional to local planning are considered since a region having a low overall vulnerability might show higher vulnerability for individual impacts. The proposed vulnerability methodology integrated with expert perception enables a simple yet effective representation of the coastal system while enabling decision makers to come up with proactive adaptation measures.
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Manno, Giorgio, Grazia Azzara, Carlo Lo Re, Chiara Martinello, Mirko Basile, Edoardo Rotigliano, and Giuseppe Ciraolo. "An Approach for the Validation of a Coastal Erosion Vulnerability Index: An Application in Sicily." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11010023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent decades, coastal erosion phenomena have increased due to climate change. The increased frequency and intensity of extreme events and the poor sediment supply by anthropized river basins (dams, river weirs, culverts, etc.) have a crucial role in coastal erosion. Therefore, an integrated analysis of coastal erosion is crucial to produce detailed and accurate coastal erosion vulnerability information to support mitigation strategies. This research aimed to assess the erosion vulnerability of the Sicilian coast, also including a validation procedure of the obtained scenario. The coastal vulnerability was computed by means of the CeVI (Coastal Erosion Vulnerability Index) approach, which considers physical indicators such as geomorphology and geology, coastal slope, sea storms, wave maxima energy flux and sediment supply to river mouths. Each indicator was quantified using indexes which were assessed considering transects orthogonal to the coastline in 2020. These transects were clustered inside natural compartments called littoral cells. Each cell was assumed to contain a complete cycle of sedimentation and not to have sediment exchange with the near cells. Physical parameters were identified to define a new erosion vulnerability index for the Sicilian coast. By using physical indexes (geological/geomorphological, erosion/sediment supply, sea storms, etc.), the CeVI was calculated both for each littoral cell and for the transects that fall into retreating/advancing coastal areas. The vulnerability index was then validated by comparing CeVI values and the coastline change over time. The validation study showed a direct link between the coastline retreat and high values of CeVI. The proposed method allowed for a detailed mapping of the Sicilian coastal vulnerability, and it will be useful for coastal erosion risk management purposes.
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Mills, Alexis K., Peter Ruggiero, John P. Bolte, Katherine A. Serafin, and Eva Lipiec. "Quantifying Uncertainty in Exposure to Coastal Hazards Associated with Both Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies: A U.S. Pacific Northwest Alternative Coastal Futures Analysis." Water 13, no. 4 (February 20, 2021): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040545.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coastal communities face heightened risk to coastal flooding and erosion hazards due to sea-level rise, changing storminess patterns, and evolving human development pressures. Incorporating uncertainty associated with both climate change and the range of possible adaptation measures is essential for projecting the evolving exposure to coastal flooding and erosion, as well as associated community vulnerability through time. A spatially explicit agent-based modeling platform, that provides a scenario-based framework for examining interactions between human and natural systems across a landscape, was used in Tillamook County, OR (USA) to explore strategies that may reduce exposure to coastal hazards within the context of climate change. Probabilistic simulations of extreme water levels were used to assess the impacts of variable projections of sea-level rise and storminess both as individual climate drivers and under a range of integrated climate change scenarios through the end of the century. Additionally, policy drivers, modeled both as individual management decisions and as policies integrated within adaptation scenarios, captured variability in possible human response to increased hazards risk. The relative contribution of variability and uncertainty from both climate change and policy decisions was quantified using three stakeholder relevant landscape performance metrics related to flooding, erosion, and recreational beach accessibility. In general, policy decisions introduced greater variability and uncertainty to the impacts of coastal hazards than climate change uncertainty. Quantifying uncertainty across a suite of coproduced performance metrics can help determine the relative impact of management decisions on the adaptive capacity of communities under future climate scenarios.
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Karanci, Ayse, Emily Berglund, and Margery Overton. "AN AGENT-BASED MODEL TO EVALUATE HOUSING DYNAMICS OF COASTAL COMMUNITIES FACING STORMS AND SEA LEVEL RISE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.management.23.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An agent-based model (ABM) is developed to explore the effects of storms and sea level rise (SLR) on soft-engineered coastal management actions and households’ housing decisions at the coastal town of Nags Head in North Carolina, USA. The ABM links the behavior of household agents (individual homeowners) and town agents (coastal managers) with morphological coastal evolution caused by long-term erosion, sea level rise, and storms. Storm impacts are determined by combining the process-based model XBeach (Roelvink, 2009) outputs with the ABM framework. The integrated ABM framework is applied to simulate occupation dynamics and community viability under forcing from storms and sea level rise over a time frame of 50 years. A timeline with storm events was created using historical data and the intensity of the storm in the midpoint of the timeline was varied to explore the effect of storm intensity on the community. Simulations demonstrated a strong link between the intensity of storms and household occupancy. Results suggest that increased storm intensity hinders development and in some cases can cause community occupation growth to stagnate or decline. The results also indicate a feedback loop between the natural processes, management decisions, and household decisions. After a severe storm, buildings are damaged, expenses are increased, and occupation declines. A diminished community cannot invest in protection measures and in turn becomes more vulnerable to future storms. A tipping point may occur, where the community stagnates with respect to its household occupation. To investigate the influence of varying sea level rise rates on community occupancy dynamics, the model was forced with different sea level rise scenarios, including no sea level rise, a constant rate of sea level rise, and two scenarios with accelerated sea level rise. The scenario with no sea level rise showed a considerably more attractive community than the scenarios with sea level rise. This was attributed to (1) absence of expenses incurred in other scenarios to mitigate recession caused by sea level rise and (2) lower flooding risk.
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Romagnoli, Claudia, Alessandro Bosman, Daniele Casalbore, Marco Anzidei, Fawzi Doumaz, Fabiana Bonaventura, Matteo Meli, and Carmelo Verdirame. "Coastal Erosion and Flooding Threaten Low-Lying Coastal Tracts at Lipari (Aeolian Islands, Italy)." Remote Sensing 14, no. 13 (June 21, 2022): 2960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14132960.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lipari is the largest and most populated island in the Aeolian Archipelago, a UNESCO site, and a highly frequented touristic destination. As in many other insular settings, the low-lying coastal stretches in the E and NE sectors of Lipari are locally exposed to coastal erosion and flooding, enhanced by subsidence effects leading to local sea level rise. Most of these coastal sectors appear critical, being narrow and increasingly threatened by the risk of permanent inundation and beach disappearance. In this study, this setting is placed in the wider context of the decadal evolution of the main beaches, analysed through a multidisciplinary approach, which includes remote sensing techniques (aero-photogrammetry, unmanned aerial vehicle survey, and satellite data), offshore geophysical surveys (high-resolution multibeam bathymetry), and field observations. The results show a variable interaction in space and time between natural and anthropogenic factors in the long- and mid-term evolution of the studied coastal areas. Considering that part of the local economy at Lipari depends on beach tourism, proper future management is required in the view of natural risk reduction and in the light of future climate changes and related impacts.
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Lazarus, Eli D., Sofia Aldabet, Charlotte E. L. Thompson, Christopher T. Hill, Robert J. Nicholls, Jon R. French, Sally Brown, et al. "The UK needs an open data portal dedicated to coastal flood and erosion hazard risk and resilience." Anthropocene Coasts 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/anc-2020-0023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the UK, coastal flooding and erosion are two of the primary climate-related hazards to communities, businesses, and infrastructure. To better address the ramifications of those hazards, now and into the future, the UK needs to transform its scattered, fragmented coastal data resources into a systematic, integrated portal for quality-assured, publicly accessible open data. Such a portal would support analyses of coastal risk and resilience by hosting, in addition to data layers for coastal flooding and erosion, a diverse array of spatial datasets for building footprints, infrastructure networks, land use, population, and various socio-economic measures and indicators derived from survey and census data. The portal would facilitate novel combinations of spatial data layers to yield scientifically, societally, and economically beneficial insights into UK coastal systems.
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Turriza, Román Canul, Edgar Mendoza, Gregorio Posada, and Rodolfo Silva. "AN ENGINEERING BASED ANALYSIS OF THE COAST OF CAMPECHE AS THE PATH TO SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT DECISIONS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.101.
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Chronic coastal erosion problems have been reported in Campeche State; however, beaches and ecosystems have not yet been degraded to the point of being at high risk. A proposal for coastal segmentation is presented here, in order to rank the coastal sectors according to the urgency required for intervention; given that this approach applies a large – scale perspective; the analysis is suited to any other coastal zone. The proposed methodology hierarchically identifies littoral segments in three steps: 1) dividing the study area into littoral cells, 2) assessing coastal vulnerability and 3) identifying the immediacy of intervention needed for each coastal sector.
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Michalsen, David R., Steven D. Babcock, and Lihwa Lin. "BARRIER ISLAND RESTORATION FOR STORM DAMAGE REDUCTION: WILLAPA BAY, WASHINGTON, USA." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (February 1, 2011): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.management.32.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District has completed a feasibility study and determined barrier island restoration to be the most appropriate long-term coastal flood and storm damage reduction measure for the Shoalwater Indian Reservation. Over the last century, Cape Shoalwater has receded more than 2.8 miles. By 1990, the Shoalwater Reservation’s only remaining protection from storm wave attack was a series of barrier islands fronting Tokeland Peninsula. Extreme water levels coincident with strong winter storms have historically inundated this low lying topography and are responsible for the erosion and overwash of the protective barrier island known as Graveyard Spit. Here a simple risk assessment tool is presented for identifying flood risk to the Shoalwater Reservation infrastructure. Statistical analysis of extreme water levels and numerical modeling is utilized to determine the extent of inundation. From the analysis it was determined 54% of the inventoried infrastructure is at risk during a storm event equivalent to the observed event on March 3, 1999. With the barrier island restoration it was found that this risk is reduced to 7%.
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Gruhn, Angelika, Dörte Salecker, Peter Fröhle, Holger Schüttrumpf, and Frank Thorenz. "ASSESSMENT OF HYDRAULIC LOADS AND DERIVATION OF FAILURE PROBABILITIES AS A BASIS FOR THE DEERMINATION OF FRAGILITY CURVES FOR FLOOD DEFENCE DUNES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (December 14, 2012): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.63.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Low lying coastal areas have always been preferred settlement areas as well as trading and industrial areas. Unfortunately, those areas are strongly endangered by extreme storm surges. In the event of a flood defence failure, protected areas are flooded and damages have to be expected. For the assessment and management of flood risk, the European Union approved the “Directive of the European Parliament and the Council on the assessment and management of flood risk”.
As one part of a risk and damage analysis the risk of flooding - being the product of failure probability of a certain flood defence and the damages resulting from a failure of this flood defence - has to be determined. One possibility for the assessment of the failure probability is provided by fragility curves. A method for the derivation of fragility curves for flood defence dunes is described. Hence, the applied dune erosion model as well as the method for the derivation of the required input data is explained. Furthermore, first results of the calculation of failure probabilities and fragility curves are presented.
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Pollard, James A. "Climate change and coastal policy: the need to address erosion-flooding interactions for effective coastal risk management." Geography 104, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00167487.2019.12094065.
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Lin, Shyang-Woei, Chia-Feng Yen, Chih-Hsin Chang, Li-Jin Wang, and Hung-Ju Shih. "Comprehensive Natural Environment and Landscape Signs in Coastal Settlement Hazard Assessment: Case of East Taiwan between the Coastal Mountain and the Pacific Ocean." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 7 (June 28, 2020): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8070478.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In East Taiwan, coastal settlements are scattered and narrowly confined between the Coastal Mountain and the Pacific Ocean. These settlements are currently at risk as there is no room for retreat. Therefore, it is essential to conduct a comprehensive and continuous hazard assessment in these coastal residential areas. In order to avoid biased towards the natural environment, the factors that cannot easily be built within the geographic information system (GIS) database are distinguished by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to conduct a vulnerability assessment of threats to coastal zones. The method: we used the east coast of Taiwan as an example, through GIS and statistical analysis in land-use status, vulnerable population groups and UAV landscape signs of indicators of erosion and accumulation. Through the main output of an intuition scatter map, the erosion landscape susceptibility, economical land-use exposure, and special population groups’ ratio allowed for the easy comparison of the vulnerability, risk level and resilience between different coastal settlements. These diverse observation aspects of risk assessment results can provide prevention and control strategies that meet the different needs of coastal risk management in restricting and strengthening the land-use development of communities.
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Romagnoli, Claudia, Flavia Sistilli, Luigi Cantelli, Margherita Aguzzi, Nunzio De Nigris, Maurizio Morelli, Maria Gabriella Gaeta, and Renata Archetti. "Beach Monitoring and Morphological Response in the Presence of Coastal Defense Strategies at Riccione (Italy)." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 8 (August 7, 2021): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080851.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The coastal area at Riccione, in the southern Emilia-Romagna littoral region, is exposed to erosive processes, which are expected to be enhanced by climate change. The beach, mostly composed of fine sand, is maintained through various defense strategies, including frequent nourishment interventions for balancing the sediment deficit and other experimental solutions for reducing coastal erosion. Artificial reshaping of the beach and “common practices” in the sediment management redefine the beach morphology and the sediment redistribution almost continuously. These activities overlap each other and with the coastal dynamics, and this makes it very difficult to evaluate their effectiveness, as well as the role of natural processes on the beach morphological evolution. Topo-bathymetric and sedimentological monitoring of the beach has been carried out on a regular basis since 2000 by the Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy of Emilia-Romagna (Arpae). Further monitoring of the emerged and submerged beach has been carried out in 2019–2021 in the framework of the research project STIMARE, focusing on innovative strategies for coastal monitoring in relation with erosion risk. The aim of this study is to assess the coastal behavior at the interannual/seasonal scale in the southern coastal stretch of Riccione, where the adopted coastal defense strategies and management actions mostly control the morphological variations in the emerged and submerged beach besides the wave and current regime. The topo-bathymetric variations and erosion/accretion patterns provided by multitemporal monitoring have been related to natural processes and to anthropogenic activities. The morphological variations have been also assessed in volumetric terms in the different subzones of the beach, with the aim of better understanding the onshore/offshore sediment exchange in relation with nourishments and in the presence of protection structures. The effectiveness of the adopted interventions to combat erosion, and to cope with future climate change-related impacts, appears not fully successful in the presence of an overall sediment deficit at the coast. This demonstrates the need for repeated monitoring of the emerged and submerged beach in such a critical setting.
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Gallina, Torresan, Zabeo, Rizzi, Carniel, Sclavo, Pizzol, Marcomini, and Critto. "Assessment of Climate Change Impacts in the North Adriatic Coastal Area. Part II: Consequences for Coastal Erosion Impacts at the Regional Scale." Water 11, no. 6 (June 21, 2019): 1300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11061300.
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Coastal erosion is an issue of major concern for coastal managers and is expected to increase in magnitude and severity due to global climate change. This paper analyzes the potential consequences of climate change on coastal erosion (e.g., impacts on beaches, wetlands and protected areas) by applying a Regional Risk Assessment (RRA) methodology to the North Adriatic (NA) coast of Italy. The approach employs hazard scenarios from a multi-model chain in order to project the spatial and temporal patterns of relevant coastal erosion stressors (i.e., increases in mean sea-level, changes in wave height and variations in the sediment mobility at the sea bottom) under the A1B climate change scenario. Site-specific environmental and socio-economic indicators (e.g., vegetation cover, geomorphology, population) and hazard metrics are then aggregated by means of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) with the aim to provide an example of exposure, susceptibility, risk and damage maps for the NA region. Among seasonal exposure maps winter and autumn depict the worse situation in 2070–2100, and locally around the Po river delta. Risk maps highlight that the receptors at higher risk are beaches, wetlands and river mouths. The work presents the results of the RRA tested in the NA region, discussing how spatial risk mapping can be used to establish relative priorities for intervention, to identify hot-spot areas and to provide a basis for the definition of coastal adaptation and management strategies.
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Coelho, Carlos, Raquel Silva, Fernando Veloso-Gomes, and Francisco Taveira-Pinto. "Potential effects of climate change on northwest Portuguese coastal zones." ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 7 (May 14, 2009): 1497–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp132.
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Abstract Coelho, C., Silva, R., Veloso-Gomes, F., and Taveira-Pinto, F. 2009. Potential effects of climate change on northwest Portuguese coastal zones. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1497–1507. Coastal erosion is a common problem in Europe; a result of the dynamic nature of its coastal zones, of anthropogenic influences, such as coastal interventions and littoral occupation, and of the effects of climate change. The increase in the occurrence of extreme events, the weakening of river-sediment supplies, and the general acceleration of sea level rise (SLR) probably tends to aggravate coastal erosion on decadal time-scales. Describing vulnerability and risk patterns for energetic environmental actions is important for coastal planning and management to rationalize the decision-making process. To minimize negative effects, the various processes causing erosion must be understood to assess the possible prediction scenarios for coastal evolution in the medium to long term. This paper describes the application of a coastal (shoreline evolution) numerical model to a stretch of the Portuguese coast to determine the effects of various scenarios of wave action and SLR that might result from climate change over the next 25 years. We conclude that the effects of SLR are less important than changes in wave action. The numerical model was also applied in a generic situation to compare shoreline evolution with and without anthropogenic intervention.
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Matos, Fábio André, Filipe Alves, Carlos Coelho, Márcia Lima, and André Vizinho. "Participatory Approach to Build Up a Municipal Strategy for Coastal Erosion Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 11 (November 10, 2022): 1718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111718.
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The Ovar coastline is characterized as one of the coastal areas with the highest vulnerability and risk of erosion in the Portuguese coast. The high-energy coast is further threatened by a permanent sediment deficit of anthropic origin, as well as sea level rise due to climate change. It is essential to define modern coastal adaptation strategies to minimize the impacts of these issues on the local communities, while considering social, environmental, and economic factors. It is in this territory that the INCCA project’s case study is located, involving stakeholders with technical, scientific, and operational knowledge in the co-management of the coastal stretch. In the scope of the involvement intended for the project’s development, five participatory events were held, involving local authorities, civil protection, public entities, academia, and the general community. These events allowed a multidisciplinary and multi-stakeholder analysis of the challenges and possible solutions to mitigate coastal erosion, representing the definition of a shared vision for the coastline’s future in this municipality. This work presents the main results of this participatory process as well as reflections on the importance of active citizenship instruments and stakeholder involvement for integrated coastal management in the 21st century.
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Narra, Pedro, Carlos Coelho, and Francisco Sancho. "Multicriteria GIS-based estimation of coastal erosion risk: Implementation to Aveiro sandy coast, Portugal." Ocean & Coastal Management 178 (August 2019): 104845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104845.
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Gonzalez Leija, Mariana Berenice, and Enrique Alvarez del Rio. "COASTAL EROSION MANAGEMENT AT YUCATAN, MEXICO: ENGINEERING EFFORTS AND EXPERIENCES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 9, 2012): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.posters.8.
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The coast of Yucatan, located in the Gulf of Mexico, is a fragile island barrier system where beach erosion has turned into a problem since the last 25 years. This, in combination with hurricane strikes (Gilbert (1988), Isidore (2002)), led to environmental damages along about 300 km, in 60 km of which, the coastal infra-structure is at risk; fact that decreased the coastal development. Mitigate the erosion required emergency protection works mainly made by beach property owners. The lack of planning and engineering design resulted in areas with high ero-sion rates and the destruction of neighboring beaches and properties.
Among the most important causes that enhanced erosion phenomena along Yucatan are: construction of Progreso pier affecting littoral drift causing ero-sion at the west side beaches, shore normal rock-timber and sand-bags groins constructed empirically by property owners accelerating erosion and stimu-lating even more groin construction, during 90´s groin construction shifted to the east (up-drift) of Progreso Port, and in the last 25 years urban, touristic and fisher industries growth in the region, force the construction of jetties for small harbours along the coast. Axis Ingeniería, and academic research institutions, in conjunction with federal and state authorities the promotion of programs for beach rehabilitation consisting on groins removal and the use of soft solutions (i.e. structures based on geosynthetics for shore protection). The Progreso Beach 7 km nourishment has been one of the most successful efforts resulting in the the development of a stable beach for about 10 years, even without maintenance works. Based on local knowledge obtained with the use of measures that have disregarded the equilibrium of sediment transport processes; Axis Ingenieria used these experiences in combination with technical, environmental legal requirements, capabilities of the local community and socioeconomic tools to implement soft and easily removal structures using geotextile tubes along the coast, that had resulted on positive experiences for beach/dune protection and recovery (i.e. Progreso to Chicxulub , Telchac and Las Coloradas beaches , Yucatan). This poster resumes the experiences from projects dealing with coastal erosion issues that AXIS Ingenieria has conducted being the goal the development and implementation of a Yucatan beach manage-ment program.
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Marengo, José Antonio, Lucí Hidalgo Nunes, Celia Regina de Gouveia Souza, Eduardo Kimoto Hosokawa, Greicilene Regina Pedro, Joseph Harari, Paula Franco Moreira, et al. "Risk management and vulnerability to sea level rise in Brazil, with emphasis to the legacy of the Metropole Project in Santos." Derbyana 43 (December 29, 2022): e768. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/derb.v43.768.
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Sea Level Rise (SLR) poses a range of threats to natural environments and built infrastructure in coastal zones around the world. Coastal cities in Brazil are vulnerable to the effects of SLR and to the intensity of storms that induce more storm surges and coastal inundation. Studies on vulnerability of coastal cities in Brazil have been developed by multidisciplinary and multinational collaboration between teams of natural and social scientists. Perhaps the best example is the METROPOLE Project (An Integrated Framework to Analyze Local Decision Making and Adaptive Capacity to Large-Scale Environmental Change), a partnership between Brazil, United States and United Kingdom developed to evaluate how local government, stakeholders and citizens may decide about adaptation options related to SLR and extreme events projections. In this paper we show how some results of the METROPOLE project have been considered in the definition of public polices of climate change adaptation and for practical actions to increase resilience of Santos by reducing beach erosion, to reduce climate risk.
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Reid, Vanessa, and Karen Milek. "Risk and Resources: An Evaluation of the Ability of National Soil Datasets to Predict Post-Depositional Processes in Archaeological Sites and Heritage at Risk." Heritage 4, no. 2 (May 8, 2021): 725–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4020041.
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Previous studies have demonstrated the vast range of physical, chemical and biological processes that influence the preservation of archaeological sites, yet characterisation at the site-level remains largely unexplored. National datasets on soil type, land use and erosion modelling have the potential to predict localised impacts but remain an untapped resource in the evaluation of heritage at risk. Using early medieval Scotland as a case study, this paper explores in detail some of the primary factors which have impacted the archaeological record and the degree to which site-based evidence contained in excavation reports compares with national datasets (Land Cover Map 2015, Soil Information for Scottish Soils and Soils of Scotland Topsoil pH) and coastal erosion models (Dynamic Coast National Coastal Change Assessment and Coastal Erosion Susceptibility Model). This provides valuable information on the preservation of Scotland’s early medieval settlement, as well as a methodology for using national datasets in the remote assessment of post-depositional factors across the broader archaeological landscape. Results indicate that agriculture, bioturbation and aggressive soil conditions are among the most significant factors impacting Scotland’s archaeological remains. While the national datasets examined have the potential to inform heritage management strategies on these processes, their use is limited by a number of theoretical and methodological issues. Moving forward, site-specific studies that characterise the preservation environment will be crucial in developing baseline assessments that will advance both local and global understandings of destructive factors and soil-mediated decay.
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Sarkar, Nabanita, Angela Rizzo, Vittoria Vandelli, and Mauro Soldati. "A Literature Review of Climate-Related Coastal Risks in the Mediterranean, a Climate Change Hotspot." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 30, 2022): 15994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315994.
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Direct and indirect impacts of climate change are alarming in the coastal areas of the world, including the Mediterranean coasts. Extreme events (such as marine storms, medicanes, etc.) are likely to increase the coastal risks in the region (e.g., erosion, flooding, and inundation), resulting in a significant socio-economic impact, loss of natural biodiversity and ecosystem services, and damage to cultural heritage along the affected coasts. Therefore, climate-related risk assessment procedures are crucial for the management and sustainable development of coastal areas. The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze the literature on the assessment of both the long- and short- term effects of climate change on coastal Mediterranean areas. It emphasizes methods and techniques to evaluate coastal vulnerability and sea level rise risk. This paper presents an overview of relevant scientific literature on the matter with a focus on approaches used in addressing the issues on climate change, as well as the geographic distribution of papers on the topic, highlighting the main aspects addressed in different Mediterranean countries.
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Dodds, W., J. A. G. Cooper, and J. McKenna. "Flood and coastal erosion risk management policy evolution in Northern Ireland: “Incremental or leapfrogging?”." Ocean & Coastal Management 53, no. 12 (December 2010): 779–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2010.10.017.
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Fachruddin Syah, Achmad. "Pengukuran Daerah Genangan Di Pesisir Bangkalan Akibat Naiknya Muka Air Laut [Pridiction Of Inundation Area At Bangkalan Coastal Region Resulted In Sea Level Rise]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 5, no. 1 (January 20, 2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v5i1.11427.
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Abstract Climate change and anticipates impacts of sea level rise such as increased coastal erosion, inundation, and salt water intrusion will affect all countries but mostly small island countries of oceans and low lying lands along coastlines. Indonesia as an archipelago country will also received this impact. Thus, a coastal vulnerability assessment of Indonesia to sea level rise is needed as a part of coastal zone management. Bangkalan one of Indonesia’s coastal regions has been dealing with coastal erosion and its vulnerability will more by sea level rise. Prediction to inundation at Bangkalan coastal region for next 20 and 50 years show that area of inundation will increase especially at several subdistricts such Kamal, Socah, Bangkalan dan Klampis