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1
Park, Seon Jung, Heui Jung Seo, Seung Min Park, Seol Hwa Park, Ike Jang Ahn, and Gyeong Sik Seo. "The Analysis of Coastal Erosion and Erosion Impact Assessment in the East Coast." Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 33, no. 6 (December 31, 2021): 246–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.9765/kscoe.2021.33.6.246.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Various development projects occurring on the coast cause an imbalance of surface sediments, causing coastal disasters or irreversible coastal erosion. Coastal erosion caused by the influence of various port structures built through coastal development can be directly identified by evaluating changes in the sediment budget, long-shore sediment, and cross-shore sediment. In other words, it will be possible to evaluate the causality between coastal development and coastal erosion by classifying regions due to single cause and regions due to multiple causes according to the changes in the sediment classified into the three types mentioned above. In this study, the cause of long-term and continuous erosion was analyzed based on the analysis results of the coastal development history and the Coastal Erosion Monitoring targeting the coast of Gangwon-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do on the east coast. In addition, in order to evaluate the degree of erosion caused by the construction of artificial coastal structures, the concept of erosion impact assessment was established, three methods were proposed for the impact assessment. The erosion impact of Hajeo port was assessed using the results of satellite image analysis presented in the Coastal Erosion Monitoring Report, it was assessed that the development of Hajeo port had an impact of 93.4% on erosion, and that of the coastal road construction had an impact of 6.6%.
2
E SOUZA, CELIA REGINA DE GOUVEIA. "Coastal Erosion Risk Assessment, Shoreline Retreat Rates and Causes of Coastal Erosion Along the State of São Paulo Coast, Brazil." Pesquisas em Geociências 28, no. 2 (December 31, 2001): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.20320.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Monitoring on coastal erosion problems along the São Paulo shoreline have been carrying out by the author since mid the 80’s, including almost 87% of the whole 430 km length of sandy beaches. Eleven types of indicators of coastal erosional processes have been recognized, which have been attributed to seventeen causes, among them ten correspond to natural mechanisms and seven are due to anthropogenic interference. In this paper is presented rates of shoreline retreat based on the Bruun Rule application for six of the most threatened beaches, for a period as long as 56 years. Risk assessment is also estimated for these six beaches based on two criteria: (i) the total number (sum) of types of coastal erosion indicators found along the shoreline (frequency among the 11 types) and (ii) general spatial distribution (percentage of surface area) of coastal erosion indicators along the shoreline. Causes and effects of the coastal erosional processes are discussed for these six beaches. Results reveal high rates of shoreline retreat, even in non-urbanized areas, as well demonstrate that the six beaches are at very-high risk. Moreover, they indicate that natural mechanisms are very important as cause of coastal erosional processes in São Paulo, sometimes most them the human-induced causes. These studies have widely been supporting the State Plan for Coastal Zone Management, in order to create special rules for occupation and some activities along the shoreline, including engineering works, building and sand beach exploration. Besides, results are being recorded in a geoenvironmental information system for the Coastal Zone of the State of São Paulo (Project SIIGAL), which is in phases of implantation.
3
Mohd, Fazly Amri, Mohammad Aiman Azizi, Rohayu Haron Narashid, Noorfatekah Talib, Nor Aizam Adnan, Haris Abdul Rahim, and Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud. "Assessment of Coastal Landscape Along Kelantan Coast Using Geospatial Techniques." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1019, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1019/1/012036.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The social and economic development from the coastal area benefits human life. However, growing human and environmental pressures at coastal areas also bring significant impacts on coastal erosion and coastline changes. Nowadays, geospatial technology which utilized remote sensing and GIS techniques has been widely used to detect coastal erosion for controlling the development and coastal region sustainability. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the coastal erosion and accretion for the potential risk zone based on the characteristics of the landscape and land use land cover (LULC) at the Kelantan Coast using land use classification and GIS spatial interpolation techniques. In this study, the vulnerability level of the coastal profile at the Kelantan coast was determined from the beach profile survey and the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation method. Then, the Land Use Land Cover (LULC) along a 1 km buffer zone were classified by performing a supervised classification method on Sentinel 2 satellite images year 2020. The effect of these parameters on coastal erosion was determined from separated five management units (MU 1, MU 2, MU 3, MU 4, MU 5) along the Kelantan Coast based on the Malaysian Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID). It is found that MU 3 (0.8%) and MU 5 (0.6%) were the area with the lowest average slope profile percentages which is located at Pantai Sabak and Pantai Kemayang respectively. Thus, the infrastructure, LULC and coastal communities in Pantai Sabak and Pantai Kemayang were potentially vulnerable to erosion. This finding supports the significant use of geospatial techniques of important decision-making to protect and mitigate steps toward sustainable coastal management along the coastline.
4
Huang, Wei-Po, Chun-Jhen Ye, and Jui-Chan Hsu. "Forecasts of the Compound Coastal Erosion Risks Based on Time-Variant Assessment: A Case Study on Yunlin Coast, Taiwan." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 14505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114505.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A coastal erosion risk assessment was framed as the basis for the intervention of coastal adaptation strategies under time-variant scenarios. The framework was devised to assess the influence of coastal erosion on coastal defense, the coastal inundation induced by the erosion-induced malfunction of defense, and risks using a downscaling analysis and the mechanism of the compound hazard interaction, which are innovative and practical for the application of coastal management in Taiwan. In addition, the vulnerable socio-economy was also taken into consideration in risk assessment. The adaptive strategy is proposed in terms of the risk origins and time-variance of risk forecasts, and the risk origins were assessed based on the Fuzzy Delphi Method and the analytic hierarchy process instead of subjective consideration. Within the erosion-induced hazard and risk assessments, this study considered erosion rates, decreases in defense elevation due to land subsidence, and population development in time-variant scenario analyses to estimate risk forecasts. Furthermore, a case study of the Yunlin coastal area was undertaken to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. The presented results are informative for coastal hazard reduction and the promotion of the sustainable development of coastal zones.
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Marfai, Muh Aris. "Preliminary assessment of coastal erosion and local community adaptation in Sayung coastal area, central java – Indonesia." quageo 31, no. 3 (October 1, 2012): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10117-012-0028-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract . Dynamic environment in coastal area, especially due to coastal erosion process, has negative impact on human environment. Sayung coastal area, located in Central Java-Indonesia, has experienced severe impact of coastal erosion. As the result of the coastal erosion, hundreds of settlement located in coastal area has been destructed. Moreover, fishponds as the land use dominated in the coastal area also has been severely destroyed. Besides the coastal erosion, increasing of inundated area due to sea level rise also threaten the local community. Although devastating impact suffering the coastal area, the people of Tambaksari, as the part of Sayung area, decided to live and adapt with the coastal erosion. This paper aims to identify the coastal erosion and understand adaptation strategies held by the local community related to reduce the impact of the coastal erosion. Based on this research, various adaptation strategies has been identified, namely (1) Planting mangrove alongside the shoreline, (2) elevating the ground level, (3) building staged house, (4) utilizing deep well for freshwater supply, (5), maintaining social interaction with mainland community, (6) Collecting fish from the mangrove as the food, and (7) changing work into the tourism sector.
6
Xu, Lifen, Shiyong Wen, Dongzhi Zhao, and Xuegong Xu. "On the coastal erosion risk assessment indexes." Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response 3, no. 3 (2013): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jrarc.2013.3.3.4.
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Ghiffari, Rizki Adriadi, and Haryo Dwito Armono. "Coastal erosion risk assessment in the coastal area of Muara Asam Asam, Tanah Laut Regency." E3S Web of Conferences 325 (2021): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132501023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coastal erosion is the process of land erosion in coastal areas due to waves and ocean currents which reduce land and can adversely affect socio-economic activities in coastal areas. Coastal erosion risk assessment in the estuary is a development of previous research, because the erosion and accretion processes do not only occur along the shoreline, but also on the side facing river water bodies, due to the confluence of fluvial and marine processes. The landward shift of the shoreline in the Muara Asam Asam coastal area has reached 90 meters in the last 28 years, and has been detrimental because the area is a densely populated area with major economic activities in the fisheries and agriculture sectors. This study aims to determine the coastal erosion risk level zones based on the relationship among vulnerability and consequence parameters, through distance decay weighted based method. The results indicate that Muara Asam Asam has high risk zones of coastal erosion, especially in densely populated residential areas and dry land agriculture on the west side of the estuary, due to the lack of implementation of preventive measures through hard coastal structure and coastal zoning policy to protect socio-economic activities and coastal ecological environments.
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Lima, M., and C. Coelho. "Integrated Methodology for Physical and Economic Assessment of Coastal Interventions Impacts." Journal of Modeling and Optimization 13, no. 1 (June 15, 2021): 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jmo.2021.13.1.22.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to economic, environmental, and social interest of coastal areas, together with their erosion problems, different coastal management strategies can be considered, with different physical (shoreline evolution) and economic (net present value, ratio benefit-cost, break-even point) consequences and impacts. Therefore, this work presents an integrated methodology that aims to compare and discuss the most promising coastal intervention scenarios to mitigate erosion problems and climate change effects, considering costs and benefits related to each intervention. The proposed methodology takes a step forward in assessing the coastal erosion mitigation strategies, incorporating three well-defined and sequential stages: shoreline evolution in a medium-term perspective; structures pre-design; and a cost-benefit assessment. To show the relevance of the methodology, a hypothetic case study and several intervention scenarios were assessed. In order to mitigate costal erosion two different situations were analyzed: the reference scenario and the intervention scenarios. 34 intervention scenarios were proposed and evaluated to mitigate the erosion verified. Depending on the parameter considered (reduce erosion areas, protect the full extension of urban waterfronts, improve the economic performance of the intervention by increasing the net present value, the benefit-cost ratio or decreasing the break-even time), best results are obtained for different scenarios. The definition of the best option for coastal erosion mitigation is complex and depends on the main goal defined for the intervention. In conclusion, costs and benefits analysis are demanded and it is considered that the proposed methodology allows choosing better physical and economic options for future coastal interventions, helping decision-making processes related to coastal management.
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Kanwal, Shamsa, Xiaoli Ding, Muhammad Sajjad, and Sawaid Abbas. "Three Decades of Coastal Changes in Sindh, Pakistan (1989–2018): A Geospatial Assessment." Remote Sensing 12, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coastal erosion endangers millions living near-shore and puts coastal infrastructure at risk, particularly in low-lying deltaic coasts of developing nations. This study focuses on morphological changes along the ~320-km-long Sindh coastline of Pakistan over past three decades. In this study, the Landsat images from 1989 to 2018 at an interval of 10 years are used to analyze the state of coastline erosion. For this purpose, well-known statistical approaches such as end point rate (EPR), least median of squares (LMS), and linear regression rate (LRR) are used to calculate the rates of coastline change. We analyze the erosion trend along with the underlying controlling variables of coastal change. Results show that most areas along the coastline have experienced noteworthy erosion during the study period. It is found that Karachi coastline experienced 2.43 ± 0.45 m/yr of erosion and 8.34 ± 0.45 m/yr of accretion, while erosion on the western and eastern sides of Indus River reached 12.5 ± 0.55 and 19.96 ± 0.65 m/yr on average, respectively. Coastal erosion is widespread along the entire coastline. However, the rate of erosion varies across the study area with a general trend of erosion increasing from west to east in the Indus Delta region (IDR), and the highest average erosion rate is 27.46 m/yr. The interdecadal change during 1989–1999, 1999–2009 and 2009–2018 periods depicted an increasing linear trend (R2 = 0.78) from Karachi to Indus River (IR) East zone. The spatial trend from west to east is positively correlated with mean sea level rise, which has increased from 1.1 to 1.9 mm/year, and negatively correlated with topographic slope, which is found to be decreasing eastward along the coastline. The findings necessitate appropriate actions and have important implications to better manage coastal areas in Pakistan in the wake of global climate change.
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Rangel-Buitrago, Nelson, William J. Neal, and Victor N. de Jonge. "Risk assessment as tool for coastal erosion management." Ocean & Coastal Management 186 (March 2020): 105099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105099.
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Corbella, S., and D. D. Stretch. "Multivariate return periods of sea storms for coastal erosion risk assessment." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 12, no. 8 (August 24, 2012): 2699–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-2699-2012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The erosion of a beach depends on various storm characteristics. Ideally, the risk associated with a storm would be described by a single multivariate return period that is also representative of the erosion risk, i.e. a 100 yr multivariate storm return period would cause a 100 yr erosion return period. Unfortunately, a specific probability level may be associated with numerous combinations of storm characteristics. These combinations, despite having the same multivariate probability, may cause very different erosion outcomes. This paper explores this ambiguity problem in the context of copula based multivariate return periods and using a case study at Durban on the east coast of South Africa. Simulations were used to correlate multivariate return periods of historical events to return periods of estimated storm induced erosion volumes. In addition, the relationship of the most-likely design event (Salvadori et al., 2011) to coastal erosion was investigated. It was found that the multivariate return periods for wave height and duration had the highest correlation to erosion return periods. The most-likely design event was found to be an inadequate design method in its current form. We explore the inclusion of conditions based on the physical realizability of wave events and the use of multivariate linear regression to relate storm parameters to erosion computed from a process based model. Establishing a link between storm statistics and erosion consequences can resolve the ambiguity between multivariate storm return periods and associated erosion return periods.
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Aydın, Murat, and Murat Uysal. "Risk assessment of coastal erosion of Karasu coast in Black Sea." Journal of Coastal Conservation 18, no. 6 (October 1, 2014): 673–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11852-014-0343-y.
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Corbau, Corinne, Michele Greco, Giovanni Martino, Elisabetta Olivo, and Umberto Simeoni. "Assessment of the Vulnerability of the Lucana Coastal Zones (South Italy) to Natural Hazards." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 7 (June 28, 2022): 888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10070888.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coasts are highly dynamic and geo-morphologically complex systems that are exposed to several factors such as waves, extreme meteorological events and climate change. It is also well-recognized that coastal zones, characterized by an increasing population growth, are vulnerable to climate change. In addition, coastal erosion, resulting from natural environment changes and human activities, acts worldwide. Consequently, it is necessary to quantify coastal hazards vulnerability and develop tools to monitor coastal risks and support making targeted climate adaptation policies. In this paper, a framework to estimate coastal vulnerability to flooding and erosion has been developed for the Ionian Basilicata coast. It is based on two methods: the integrated vulnerability index (flooding and erosion) and the CeD physical vulnerability index (multi-risk assessment). Our results are in agreement with the recent shoreline evolution: the integrated coastal risk of the Ionian Basilicata coast is generally medium to high, while the “physical erosion vulnerability” is generally high to very high. In addition, the results highlight a spatial variability of the vulnerability, probably due to the morphology of the beach, which requires developing a strategic approach to coastal management and defining mitigation measures, considering relevant risk aspects as the vulnerability and exposure degree.
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Thangaraj, Kongeswaran, and Sivakumar Karthikeyan. "Assessment of shoreline positional uncertainty using remote sensing and GIS techniques: A case study from the east coast of India." Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic, SASA 71, no. 3 (2021): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ijgi2103249t.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The focus of this research was to assess the shoreline changes by comparing the satellite data from 1980 to 2020. The study area falls in the region between Kodiakarai and Nagapattinam of the east coast of India, which has frequently been distressed by storm surges and cyclones in the Bay of Bengal. The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) detects and measures the erosional and accretional shoreline positions through the statistics of the Shoreline Change Envelope, Net Shoreline Movement, End Point Rate, Linear Regression Rate, and Weighted Linear Regression. The results show that the shoreline from Kodiakkarai to Nagapattinam suffered severe erosion of 17.7% in total with an average annual erosion rate of 3.4 m/year from 1980 to 2020 and the rate of erosion ranged between 0.1 m/year to 19.8 m/year. About 90.5% of the total shoreline was faced high erosion during the period between 2000 and 2010. The maximum erosion was about 1061 m from 2000 to 2010, the maximum accretion was found to be 1002 m in transects at Kodiakkarai during 2010 to 2020. After the effect of 2004 tsunami, the corresponding changes in littoral currents caused the drastic erosion and accretion in this shoreline. The DSAS prediction model shows that 19.3% of the current shoreline will erode in 2030. The maximum predicted erosion is 406 m at Kodiakkarai and the maximum predicted accretion is 148 m at Nagapattinam region. The coastal zone from Kodiakkarai to Nagapattinam needs special attention to prevent the erosion and it is recommended to build suitable coastal protection structures along the coast for sustainable development and to execute the coastal zone management for this region.
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Vieira, Luís Russo, José Guilherme Vieira, Isabel Marques da Silva, Edison Barbieri, and Fernando Morgado. "GIS Models for Vulnerability of Coastal Erosion Assessment in a Tropical Protected Area." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 9 (September 10, 2021): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10090598.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coastal erosion is considered a major worldwide challenge. The vulnerability assessment of coastal areas, in relation to climate change, is a key topic of worldwide increasing interest. The integration of methodologies supported by Remote Sensing, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and in situ monitoring has allowed a viable identification of vulnerable areas to erosion. In the present study, a model was proposed to the assessment of the estuarine system of Cananéia-Iguape (Brazil), by applying the evaluation and prediction of vulnerability models for the conservation and preservation of mangroves. Approximately 1221 Km2 were classified, with 16% of the total presenting high and very high vulnerability to erosion. Other relevant aspects, were the identification and georeferencing sites that showed strong evidence of erosion and, thus, having a huge influence on the final vulnerability scores. The obtained results led to the development of a multidisciplinary approach through the application of a prediction and description model that resulted from the adaptation of the study system from a set of implemented models for coastal regions, in order to contribute to the erosion vulnerability assessment in the mangroves ecosystems (and associated localities, municipalities and communities).
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Kirishanthan, P. "Physical and social vulnerability to coastal erosion: An assessment of Kalutara Coastal Belt, Sri Lanka." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1109, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1109/1/012077.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The shoreline of Kalutara, Sri Lanka has become more prone to erosion because of environmental changes caused by natural and anthropogenic factors including climate change. The study aimed to assess and map the physical and social vulnerability to coastal erosion in the shoreline between the Kalu and Bolgoda River mouths in Southwest Sri Lanka. This study relied on secondary data sources such as topographic, digitized, and satellite maps obtained from the Survey Department and the website of the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) was calculated using only five variables namely coastal slope, geology, soil, shoreline change (End Point Rate), and Land Use and Land Cover (LULC). On the other hand, for the Social Coastal Vulnerable Index (SVI), several socioeconomic variables were examined. Kalutara North and Thotupala have been identified as having a higher risk of Physical and Social Coastal Vulnerability. This research, therefore, revealed that the coastal zone along Kalutara – Panadura in Sri Lanka is vulnerable both physically and socially due to the accelerating rate of coastal erosion. Because of the potential effects of climate change and rising sea levels, this scenario would pose a serious threat to the environment and communities in the foreseeable future.
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Murooka, Mizue, and Shigeko Haruyama. "Risk Assessment of Coastal Erosion for Suitable Rural Planning." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 24, Special_Issue (2005): S109—S114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.24.s109.
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Zhu, Zheng-Tao, Feng Cai, Shen-Liang Chen, Dong-Qi Gu, Ai-Ping Feng, Chao Cao, Hong-Shuai Qi, and Gang Lei. "Coastal Vulnerability to Erosion Using a Multi-Criteria Index: A Case Study of the Xiamen Coast." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010093.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The assessment of coastal vulnerability to erosion is urgently needed due to increasing coastal erosion globally. Based on the coastal characteristics of the Xiamen artificial coastline, which accounts for more than 80% of the coastline in this area, this study provides an integrated approach based on a multi-criteria index. The evaluation index system of the local coastal vulnerability to the erosion of Xiamen includes 12 indexes based on natural (coastal characteristics, coastal forcing), and socio-economic factors (coastal infrastructure, disaster reduction). The spatial differentiation characteristics of the coastal vulnerability to erosion along the Xiamen coast (2018) have been quantitatively assessed with the aid of GIS (Geographic Information System) and RS (Remote Sensing) technology. The results show that the very high vulnerability, high vulnerability, medium vulnerability, low vulnerability and very low vulnerability areas of coastal erosion accounted for 4.6%, 30.5%, 51.6%, 12.5% and 0.8% of the Xiamen coast, respectively. The coastal vulnerability to erosion classes of artificial coasts is significantly higher than those of natural coasts. This difference is mainly controlled by the coastal slope and coastal buffer ability. The results of the evaluation are basically consistent with the present situation. The rationality of the index system and the applicability of the theoretical method are well explained. The evaluation model constructed in this study can be extended to other areas with high ratios of artificial coasts.
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Vieira, Bárbara F. V., José L. S. Pinho, Joaquim A. O. Barros, and José S. Antunes do Carmo. "Hydrodynamics and Morphodynamics Performance Assessment of Three Coastal Protection Structures." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8030175.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coastal areas accommodate a great part of large metropolises as they support a great amount of economic and leisure activities. The attraction of people to coastal zones is contributing to an intense and continuous urbanization of these areas, while the ecosystems are threatened by the increase of natural extreme weather events (e.g., intensity and duration of storms, floods), which interfere with local wave climate and changes in morphological beach characteristics. Protection of coastal zones predisposed to coastline recession, due to the action of high tides, high sediment transport deficit, and high wave energy, may involve various coastal structures to reduce or at least to mitigate coastal erosion problems. Many of the current coastal protections (notably groins, seawalls, and emerged breakwaters) were built with a single purpose, which was to protect at all costs without environmental or economic concerns, especially maintenance costs, or the negative consequences that such structures could cause up to considerable distances along the coast. The current concept of integrated coastal zone management presupposes studies involving other types of concerns and more actors in the decision-making process for the implementation of coastal works. In this context, multifunctional structures emerge and are increasingly frequent, such as the so-called multifunctional artificial reefs (MFARs), with the aim of improving leisure, fishing, diving, and other sporting activities, in addition to coastal protection. MFARs are in fact one of the latest concepts for coastal protection. Behind the search for more efficient and sustainable strategies to deal with coastal retreat, this study focused on a comparison between the performance of two traditional coastal protection solutions (submerged detached breakwater and emerged detached breakwater) and an MFAR on a particular coastal stretch. In order to analyse the hydro- (wave height and wave energy dissipation) and morphodynamics (sediment accumulation and erosion areas, and bed level) of the structures and beach interactions, two numerical models were used: SWAN (Simulation WAves Nearshore) for hydrodynamics and XBeach for hydrodynamics and morphodynamics. In addition, a comparison between SWAN and XBeach hydrodynamic results was also performed. From the simulations conducted by SWAN and XBeach, it can be concluded that amongst all structures, the emerged detached breakwater was the most efficient in reducing significant wave heights at a larger scale due to the fact that it constituted a higher obstacle to the incoming waves, and that, regarding both submerged structures (detached breakwater and the MFAR), the MFAR presented a more substantial shadow zone. Regarding morphodynamics, the obtained results presented favourable tendencies to sediment accretion near the shoreline, as well as at the inward areas for the three structures, especially for the emerged detached breakwater and for the MFAR in both wave directions. However, for the west wave direction, along the shoreline, substantial erosion was observed for both structures with more noticeable values for the emerged detached breakwater. For all the northwest wave direction scenarios, no noticeable erosion areas were visible along the shoreline. Overall, considering the balance of erosion and accretion rates, it can be concluded that for both wave predominance, the submerged detached breakwater and the MFAR presented better solutions regarding morphodynamics. The MFAR storm wave condition performed in XBeach indicated substantial erosion areas located around the structure, which added substantial changes in the bed level.
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Lim, Changbin, Tae Kon Kim, Sahong Lee, Yoon Jeong Yeon, and Jung Lyul Lee. "Assessment of potential beach erosion risk and impact of coastal zone development: a case study on Bongpo–Cheonjin Beach." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 3827–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3827-2021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. In many parts, coastal erosion is severe due to human-induced coastal zone development and storm impacts, in addition to climate change. In this study, the beach erosion risk was defined, followed by a quantitative assessment of potential beach erosion risk based on three components associated with the watershed, coastal zone development, and episodic storms. On an embayed beach, the background erosion due to development in the watershed affects sediment supply from rivers to the beach, while alongshore redistribution of sediment transport caused by construction of a harbor induces shoreline reshaping, for which the parabolic-type equilibrium bay shape model is adopted. To evaluate beach erosion during storms, the return period (frequency) of a storm occurrence was evaluated from long-term beach survey data conducted four times per year. Beach erosion risk was defined, and assessment was carried out for each component, from which the results were combined to construct a combined potential erosion risk curve to be used in the environmental impact assessment. Finally, the proposed method was applied to Bongpo–Cheonjin Beach in Gangwon-do, South Korea, with the support of a series of aerial photographs taken from 1972 to 2017 and beach survey data obtained from the period commencing in 2010. The satisfactory outcomes derived from this study are expected to benefit eroding beaches elsewhere.
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Rajawat, A. S., H. B. Chauhan, R. Ratheesh, S. Rhode, R. J. Bhanderi, M. Mahapatra, M. Kumar, et al. "Assessment of coastal erosion along Indian coast on 1 : 25, 000 scaleusing satellite data." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (November 27, 2014): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-119-2014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The long stretch of coastline on the either side of Indian peninsula is subjected to varied coastal processes and anthropogenic pressures, which makes the coast vulnerable to erosion. There is no systematic inventory of shoreline changes occurring along the entire Indian coast on 1:25, 000 scale, which is required for planning measures to be taken up for protecting the coast at national level. It is in this context that shoreline change mapping on 1:25, 000 scale for the entire Indian coast based on multidate satellite data in GIS environment has been carried out for 1989–91 and 2004–06 time frame. The paper discusses salient observations and results from the shoreline change inventory. The results show that 3829 km (45.5 %) of the coast is under erosion, 3004 km (35.7 %) of the coast is getting accreted, while 1581 km (18.8 %) of the coast is more or less stable in nature. Highest percentage of the shoreline under erosion is in Nicobar Islands (88.7 %), while percentage of accreting coastline is highest for Tamil Nadu (62.3 %) and the state of Goa has highest percentage of stable shoreline (52.4 %). The analysis shows that the Indian coast has lost a net area of about 73 sq km during 1989–91 and 2004–06 time frame. In Tamilnadu, a net area of about 25.45 sq km have increased due to accretion, while along Nicobar Island about 93.95 sq km is lost due to erosion. The inventory has been used to prepare “Shoreline Change Atlas of the Indian Coast”, brought out as Six Volumes for the entire Indian coast.
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Leija, Mariana Gonzalez, and Soffa Fregoso Lomas. "ASSESSMENT OF A NATURE-BASED STRUCTURE TO MANAGE COASTAL DUNE EROSION IN YUCATAN, MEXICO." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.structures.57.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In Yucatan , one of the main causes of coastal erosion is the use of "remedy" measures (groins or "espolones") by communities whom refuses to eliminate them (Medellin, 2015, Ruiz,2016). The erosion management approach has been dominated by engineering schemes resulting in beach values degradation and despite the development of recovery programs, no actions for protection/restoration of coastal ecosystems particularly , dunes have never been undertaken. In addition , dune flattening and vegetation elimination are common practices associated to coastal land use. Today , 56.1% of coast lacks of any type of dune/vegetation and 32% of sandy beaches are
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Hoonhout, Bas, and Kees Den Heijer. "RELIABILITY OF DUNE EROSION ASSESSMENT ALONG CURVED COASTLINES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 17, 2011): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.sediment.37.
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The dune assessment methods used to ensure the safety of the lower areas in The Netherlands are based on simple empirical relations that are, strictly speaking, only valid for infinitely long, uniform and straight coasts. The wide application of these relations is mainly justified due to intentional overestimation of the expected dune erosion. In context of climate change and expected sea level rise, it is worthwhile to investigate the needs for this overestimation before any physical measures are taken. This paper describes a research to the influence on the dune erosion process of two longshore phenomena that are neglected in these relations so far: coastal curvatures and oblique wave attack. It is shown that the normative retreat distance can increase over 100% for curvatures relevant for The Netherlands. Furthermore, it is shown that the sensitivity of dune erosion models changes when working with curved coastlines. It is also shown that the importance of several model parameters is influenced by coastal curvatures and special attention should be paid to the correlations between storm surge levels and wave parameters.
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Blake, David, Petter Nyman, Helen Nice, Frances M. L. D'Souza, Christopher R. J. Kavazos, and Pierre Horwitz. "Assessment of post-wildfire erosion risk and effects on water quality in south-western Australia." International Journal of Wildland Fire 29, no. 3 (2020): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf18123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Investigations of wildfire impact on water resources have escalated globally over the last decade owing to an awareness of climate-related vulnerabilities. Within Australia, research into post-wildfire erosion has focused on water supply catchments in the south-eastern region. Here, we examine post-wildfire erosion risk and its potential for water quality impacts in a catchment in south-western Australia. The catchment of the Harvey River, which drains from forested escarpments onto an agricultural coastal plain and into valuable coastal wetlands, was burnt by wildfire in 2016. The aims of this study were to determine erosion risk across contrasting landforms and variable fire severity, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), and to determine whether post-fire water quality impacts could be detected at permanent river monitoring stations located on the coastal plain. RUSLE outputs showed erosion hot-spots at intersections of steep terrain and high fire severity and that these areas were confined to forested headwaters and coastal dunes. Monthly water quality data showed conspicuous seasonal patterns, but that sampling frequency was temporally too coarse to pick up predicted event-related effects, particularly given that the pre-existing monitoring sites were distal to the predicted zone of contamination.
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Mack, Elizabeth A., Ethan Theuerkauf, and Erin Bunting. "Coastal Typology: An Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Relationship between Socioeconomic Development and Shoreline Change." Land 9, no. 7 (July 4, 2020): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9070218.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Globally, coastal communities are impacted by hazards including storm events, rising water levels, and associated coastal erosion. These hazards destroy homes and infrastructure causing human and financial risks for communities. At the same time, the economic and governance capacity of these communities varies widely, impacting their ability to plan and adapt to hazards. In order to identify locations vulnerable to coastal hazards, knowledge of the physical coastal changes must be integrated with the socio-economic profiles of communities. To do this, we couple information about coastal erosion rates and economic data in communities along the Great Lakes to develop a typology that summarizes physical and economic vulnerability to coastal erosion. This typology classifies communities into one of four categories: (1) High physical and economic vulnerability to coastal erosion, (2) High physical but low economic vulnerability to coastal erosion, (3) Low physical and low economic vulnerability to coastal erosion, and (4) High economic but low physical vulnerability to coastal erosion. An analysis of this typology over three time periods (2005–2010), (2010–2014), and (2014–2018) reveals the dynamic nature of vulnerability over this fourteen year time span. Given this complexity, it can be difficult for managers and decision-makers to decide where to direct limited resources for coastal protection. Our typology provides an analytical tool to proactively address this challenge. Further, it advances existing work on coastal change and associated vulnerability in three ways. One, it implements a regional, analytical approach that moves beyond case study-oriented work and facilitates community analyses in a comparative context. Two, the typology provides an integrated assessment of vulnerability that considers economic vulnerability to coastal erosion, which is a contextual variable that compounds or helps mitigate vulnerability. Three, the typology facilitates community comparisons over time, which is important to identifying drivers of change in Great Lakes coastal communities over time and community efforts to mitigate and adapt to these hazards.
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Shamsuzzoha, Md, and Tofael Ahamed. "Shoreline Change Assessment in the Coastal Region of Bangladesh Delta Using Tasseled Cap Transformation from Satellite Remote Sensing Dataset." Remote Sensing 15, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15020295.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bangladesh is a global south hotspot due to climate change and sea level rise concerns. It is a highly disaster-prone country in the world with active deltaic shorelines. The shorelines are quickly changing to coastal accretion and erosion. Erosion is one of the water hazards to landmass sinking, and accretion relates to land level rises due to sediment load deposition on the Bay of Bengal continental shelf. Therefore, this study aimed to explore shoreline status with change assessment for the three study years 1991, 2006, and 2021 using satellite remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) approaches. Landsat 5, 7 ETM+, and 8 OLI satellite imageries were employed for onshore tasseled cap transformation (TCT) and land and sea classification calculations to create shore boundaries, baseline assessment, land accretion, erosion, point distance, and near feature analysis. We converted 16,550 baseline vertices to points as the study ground reference points (GRPs) and validated those points using the country datasheet collected from the Survey of Bangladesh (SoB). We observed that the delta’s shorelines were changed, and the overall lands were accredited for the land-increasing characteristics analysis. The total accredited lands in the coastal areas observed during the time periods from 1991 to 2006 were 825.15 km2, from 2006 to 2021 was 756.69 km2, and from 1991 to 2021 was 1223.94 km2 for the 30-year period. Similarly, coastal erosion assessment analysis indicated that the results gained for the period 1991 to 2006 and 2006 to 2021 were 475.87 km2 and 682.75 km2, respectively. Therefore, the total coastal erosion was 800.72 km2 from 1991 to 2021. Neat accretion was 73.94 km2 for the 30-year period from 1991 to 2021. This research indicates the changes in shorelines, referring to the evidence for the delta’s active formation through accretion and erosion processes of ‘climate change’ and ‘sea level rise’. This research projects the erosion process and threatens land use changes toward agriculture and settlements in the coastal regions of Bangladesh.
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Abdelaty, Emad. "Coastal Erosion Assessment of the Nile Delta Coast using Remote Sensing, GIS, and Modified Coastal Vulnerability Index." Alexandria Science Exchange Journal 42, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 645–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2021.188083.
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Rudiastuti, Aninda W., Ati Rahadiati, Ratna S. Dewi, Dewayany Soetrisno, and Erwin Maulana. "Assessing coastal vulnerability index of tourism site: the case of Mataram Coast." E3S Web of Conferences 153 (2020): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015303002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Many coastal areas and infrastructure suffered from unprecedented hazards such as storms, flooding, and erosion. Thus, it is increasing the vulnerability of urban coastal areas aggravated with the absence of coastal green infrastructure. Given the state of coastal environments, there is a genuine need to appraise the vulnerability of coastal cities on the basis of the latest projected climate scenarios and existing condition. Hence, to asses, the vulnerability level of Mataram coastal, the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) accompanied by pre-assessment of readiness to climate disruption. The CVI used to map coastal into five classes of using GIS. As a case study, this approach applied to Mataram City: one of the tourism destinations in Lombok. Two of sub-districts in Mataram City, Ampenan and Sekarbela, laying in the shorelines have undergone coastal flooding and erosion. One of them, Ampenan sub-district, experienced flooding due to river-discharge and became the most severe location during inundation. Results indicated that along ±9000 meters of Mataram coast possess vulnerability level in moderate to very high-risk level. The assessment also showed that sea-level rise is not the only critical issue but also geomorphology and shoreline changes, the existence of green infrastructure, also human activity parameters took important part to be assessed.
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Bianco, Francesco, Paolo Conti, Salvador García-Ayllon, and Enzo Pranzini. "An Integrated Approach to Analyze Sedimentary Stock and Coastal Erosion in Vulnerable Areas: Resilience Assessment of San Vicenzo’s Coast (Italy)." Water 12, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030805.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The assessment of coastal erosion risk is a major challenge, since environmental and geomorphic features, together with sea state parameters, can seriously change the configuration of coastal areas. In addition, the anthropic actions of the coastal communities may also drastically modify the configuration of the coast in vulnerable areas. In this study, a linkage between regional mapping guidelines and national geological cartography procedures is presented as a meaningful tool in the geomorphic trends analysis for the integrated mapping of the main morphological patterns of San Vincenzo’s coastal area, in the region of Tuscany (Italy). Comparing and joining different procedures—which have different scales and topics—requires adapting the fields and the information provided in maps and databases. In this case study, a GIS morpho-sedimentological approach is developed. This GIS approach enables us to cover several issues simultaneously, such as the representation of coastal active processes, the adaptation of regional and national cartography to coastal erosion assessment, and lastly the calculation of the sedimentary stock analysis, since it represents the first attribute of coasts to be preserved in a resilience-oriented integrated assessment.
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Bosom, E., and J. A. Jiménez. "Storm-induced coastal hazard assessment at regional scale: application to Catalonia (NW Mediterranean)." Advances in Geosciences 26 (August 2, 2010): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-26-83-2010.
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Abstract. A methodology for coastal hazard assessment at regional scale is presented and applied to the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean). The method separately evaluates erosion and inundation hazards by using wave time series and beach characteristics (slope and sediment grain size). Obtained hazard time series are fitted to extreme probability distributions for different coastal sectors which are defined in function of local wave climate. This approach allows to compare the spatial variation of hazard intensities for a given probability of occurrence and, thus, to objectively identify the most hazardous areas along the coast in terms of erosion and inundation. Obtained results indicate that the coast north of Barcelona is more hazardous than the southern coast regarding inundation for any given probability. With respect to storm-induced erosion, the central coast of Catalonia is the less hazardous area, although spatial variations in erosion along the coast are smaller than the observed for inundation.
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Sowmya, K., M. Dhivya Sri, Aparna S. Bhaskar, and K. S. Jayappa. "Long-term coastal erosion assessment along the coast of Karnataka, west coast of India." International Journal of Sediment Research 34, no. 4 (August 2019): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2018.12.007.
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Rahim, Haris Abdul, Nor Aizam Adnan, and Siti Aekbal Salleh. "Coastal Geomorphology and Geospatial Beach Profile Assessment for East Coast Monsoonal Coastlines." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1067, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1067/1/012042.
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Abstract The main concern for this research is slope estimation and the beach profiling with verification sensor-based remotely data (high spatial resolution). Thus, surveying and satellite extraction data need to be accurat. It had been proven to support the relationship between coastal erosion with beach slope changes along Kuantan, Pahang. Therefore, the actual coastline can be mapped from last vegetation features and determine physical condition of beach on coastal habitable land where the baseline has been changes due to sea-level rise event. Hence, the aim of this study is to monitor beach profile using high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery and GIS techniques to distinguish slope estimation from different sources in Kuantan, Pahang Site-verification are done to identify beach slope profiling along Kuantan coastline, Pahang. The objectives of this research are i) to generate coastal slope estimation and beach profile in year 2006 and 2014, ii) to quantify the estimated and observed beach slope from IFSAR data and slope site surveying (by NAHRIM) and iii) to visualise in 3-D view of coastal slope profile derived using IFSAR data. The accuracy values provided for the measurements made in open area, undisturbed area with slopes less than 10 %. From early reconnaissance of Kuantan beach, most of the area are flat and sandy profile to which are suitable for this application. Besides, we found out this method are reliable to produce appropriate slope profile along identified areas in selected Pahang coastline. The findings may indicated a better strategy for monitoring coastline changes is needed especially for vulnerable coastal erosion areas for future sustainable coastal management.
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Villarroel-Lamb, Deborah. "Quantitative Risk Assessment of Coastal Erosion in the Caribbean Region." Natural Hazards Review 21, no. 3 (August 2020): 04020021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)nh.1527-6996.0000388.
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Persson, Mats. "Impact assessment and project appraisal in cases of coastal erosion." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 1, no. 3 (October 2010): 297–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17595901011080887.
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Narra, Pedro, Carlos Coelho, Francisco Sancho, and Jaime Palalane. "CERA: An open-source tool for coastal erosion risk assessment." Ocean & Coastal Management 142 (June 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.03.013.
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Del Río, Laura, and F. Javier Gracia. "Erosion risk assessment of active coastal cliffs in temperate environments." Geomorphology 112, no. 1-2 (November 2009): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.05.009.
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Rivillas-Ospina, German Daniel, Rodolfo Silva, Edgar Mendoza, Gabriel Ruiz, Julieta Romero, and Yusif Nava. "COASTAL EROSION ASSESSMENT IN WETLANDS ON THE GULF OF MEXICO." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 34 (October 30, 2014): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v34.management.34.
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TAC, Daeho, and Hyuntaik OH. "Assessment and Improvement of Ocean Physics for Coastal Erosion Projects." Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education 28, no. 4 (August 31, 2016): 947–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.13000/jfmse.2016.28.4.947.
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Fachruddin Syah, Achmad. "Pengukuran Daerah Genangan Di Pesisir Bangkalan Akibat Naiknya Muka Air Laut [Pridiction Of Inundation Area At Bangkalan Coastal Region Resulted In Sea Level Rise]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 5, no. 1 (January 20, 2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v5i1.11427.
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Abstract Climate change and anticipates impacts of sea level rise such as increased coastal erosion, inundation, and salt water intrusion will affect all countries but mostly small island countries of oceans and low lying lands along coastlines. Indonesia as an archipelago country will also received this impact. Thus, a coastal vulnerability assessment of Indonesia to sea level rise is needed as a part of coastal zone management. Bangkalan one of Indonesia’s coastal regions has been dealing with coastal erosion and its vulnerability will more by sea level rise. Prediction to inundation at Bangkalan coastal region for next 20 and 50 years show that area of inundation will increase especially at several subdistricts such Kamal, Socah, Bangkalan dan Klampis
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Geertsen, Karl-Soren, Nanna Roland Knudsen, and Per Sorensen. "APPLYING XBEACH ON 7,300 KM COAST: COASTAL CLIFF RETREAT DURING A STORM." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 28, 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.sediment.6.
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Denmark is surrounded by more than 7,300 km soft coastline considered at high risk of storm erosion. The presence of more than 13,000 groins, shore parallel breakwaters and revetments clarify the need of protecting infrastructure and property against coastal erosion in a changing climate. The Danish Coastal Authority is responsible for carrying out a national risk assessment evaluating the risk level of storm erosion today, and in 2070 and 2120. This abstract focusses on the methodology for the calibration and validation of the numerical model Xbeach for calculating cliff retreat during storms using measured storm data. It is of highest priority to set up a model, which can perform on a national scale. In this work, it is shown that a single model setup is able to estimate the cliff retreat for all types of Danish coasts in both a 1D and 2D model approach.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/FUqgGu95g7M
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Boye, Cynthia Borkai, Peter Ekow Baffoe, and John Nyamekye Ketibuah. "Assessment of Shoreline Change Along The Sandy Beach of Ellembelle District of Ghana." Geoplanning: Journal of Geomatics and Planning 9, no. 1 (November 15, 2022): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/geoplanning.9.1.17-24.
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Sandy beaches are most popular tourists and fish landing sites, and serve as habitat for several endangered species. However, sandy beaches more vulnerable to coastal erosion, particularly those along open oceans. Assessment of shoreline change using reliable dataset aid in understanding the morphology of coastal landforms, the processes associated with their occurrence and support decision making. This paper analysed available multi-temporal spatial dataset and field observations using GNSS techniques to assess the shoreline change along the study area. The shoreline features were extracted from 1974 topographic map and 2005 orthophotographs using the High Water Line (HWL) in conjunction with 2020 spatial data. Shoreline change statistics were computed using DSAS. A geodatabase was created, transects were cast and the shoreline change rates computed using EPR, LRR and WLR methods. Both accretion and erosion were recorded with mean erosion rate of 0.97 m/year. It was observed that sections of the shoreline nourished by Ankobra and Amunzuri rivers were experiencing some accretion, particularly the mouth of the Amuzuri river. The estuary of Amunzuri river was found to be drifting eastwards at a rate of 5.4m/year possibly due to tides, waves and currents. The study concludes that in spite of the littoral drift eastwards, fluvial sediment supplied by coastal rivers accounts for the relative stability of shoreline in the area. Policy formulation regarding possible damming of coastal rivers by government under the ‘one district one dam’ agenda must be carefully considered to avert high levels of erosion along the western coast of Ghana.
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Ahmed, Naser, Newton Howlader, Muhammad Al-Amin Hoque, and Biswajeet Pradhan. "Coastal erosion vulnerability assessment along the eastern coast of Bangladesh using geospatial techniques." Ocean & Coastal Management 199 (January 2021): 105408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105408.
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Filippaki, Eleni, Evangelos Tsakalos, Maria Kazantzaki, and Yannis Bassiakos. "Forecasting Impacts on Vulnerable Shorelines: Vulnerability Assessment along the Coastal Zone of Messolonghi Area—Western Greece." Climate 11, no. 1 (January 14, 2023): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli11010024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The coastal areas of the Mediterranean have been extensively affected by the transgressive event that followed the Last Glacial Maximum, with many studies conducted regarding the stratigraphic configuration of coastal sediments around the Mediterranean. The coastal zone of the Messolonghi area, western Greece, consists of low-relief beaches, containing low cliffs and eroded dunes, a fact that, in combination with the rising sea levels and tectonic subsidence of the area, has led to substantial coastal erosion. Coastal vulnerability assessment is a useful means of identifying areas of coastline that are vulnerable to impacts of climate change and coastal processes, highlighting potential problem areas. Commonly, coastal vulnerability assessment takes the form of an “index” that quantifies the relative vulnerability along a coastline. Here, the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) methodology by Thieler and Hammar-Klose was employed, by considering geological features, coastal slope, relative sea-level change, shoreline erosion/accretion rates, and mean significant wave height as well as mean tide range, to assess the present-day vulnerability of the coastal zone of the Messolonghi area. In light of this, an impact assessment is performed under three different sea-level-rise scenarios. This study contributes toward coastal zone management practices in low-lying coastal areas that have little data information, assisting decision-makers in adopting best adaptation options to overcome the impact of sea-level rise on vulnerable areas, similar to the coastal zone of Messolonghi.
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Coelho, Carlos, Pedro Narra, Bárbara Marinho, and Márcia Lima. "Coastal Management Software to Support the Decision-Makers to Mitigate Coastal Erosion." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 11, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010037.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are no sequential and integrated approaches that include the steps needed to perform an adequate management and planning of the coastal zones to mitigate coastal erosion problems and climate change effects. Important numerical model packs are available for users, but often looking deeply to the physical processes, demanding big computational efforts and focusing on specific problems. Thus, it is important to provide adequate tools to the decision-makers, which can be easily interpreted by populations, promoting discussions of optimal intervention scenarios in medium to long-term horizons. COMASO (coastal management software) intends to fill this gap, presenting a group of tools that can be applied in standalone mode, or in a sequential order. The first tool should map the coastal erosion vulnerability and risk, also including the climate change effects, defining a hierarchy of priorities where coastal defense interventions should be performed, or limiting/constraining some land uses or activities. In the locations identified as priorities, a more detailed analysis should consider the application of shoreline and cross-shore evolution models (second tool), allowing discussing intervention scenarios, in medium to long-term horizons. After the defined scenarios, the design of the intervention should be discussed, both in case of being a hard coastal structure or an artificial nourishment (third type of tools). Finally, a cost-benefit assessment tool should optimize the decisions, forecasting costs and benefits for each different scenario, through definition of economic values to the interventions and to the land/services/ecosystems, weighting all the environmental, cultural, social and historical aspects. It is considered that COMASO tools can help giving answers to the major problems of the coastal planning and management entities, integrating transversal knowledge in risk assessment, physical processes, engineering and economic evaluations. The integrated coastal zone management needs these tools to ensure sustainable coastal zones, mitigating erosion and climate change effects.
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Lin, Shyang-Woei, Chia-Feng Yen, Chih-Hsin Chang, Li-Jin Wang, and Hung-Ju Shih. "Comprehensive Natural Environment and Landscape Signs in Coastal Settlement Hazard Assessment: Case of East Taiwan between the Coastal Mountain and the Pacific Ocean." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 7 (June 28, 2020): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8070478.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In East Taiwan, coastal settlements are scattered and narrowly confined between the Coastal Mountain and the Pacific Ocean. These settlements are currently at risk as there is no room for retreat. Therefore, it is essential to conduct a comprehensive and continuous hazard assessment in these coastal residential areas. In order to avoid biased towards the natural environment, the factors that cannot easily be built within the geographic information system (GIS) database are distinguished by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to conduct a vulnerability assessment of threats to coastal zones. The method: we used the east coast of Taiwan as an example, through GIS and statistical analysis in land-use status, vulnerable population groups and UAV landscape signs of indicators of erosion and accumulation. Through the main output of an intuition scatter map, the erosion landscape susceptibility, economical land-use exposure, and special population groups’ ratio allowed for the easy comparison of the vulnerability, risk level and resilience between different coastal settlements. These diverse observation aspects of risk assessment results can provide prevention and control strategies that meet the different needs of coastal risk management in restricting and strengthening the land-use development of communities.
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Martínez, Carolina, Patricio Winckler Grez, Roberto Agredano Martín, César Esparza Acuña, Iván Torres, and Manuel Contreras-López. "Coastal erosion in sandy beaches along a tectonically active coast: The Chile study case." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 46, no. 2 (December 23, 2021): 250–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03091333211057194.
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Coastal erosion in 45 sandy beaches covering nearly 2000 km along the tectonically active Chilean coast is assessed during the last four decades. The historical analysis is based on the assessment of decadal changes of the shoreline position extracted from topographic surveys, aerial photographs, satellite images and survey maps using the DSAS software. Results show that 80% of the sites presented erosion rates (>−0.2 m/y), 7% beaches accreted (>0.2 m/y) while 13% remained stable. Eroded beaches include headland bay beaches, embayed and pocket beaches. A discussion on the possible causes explaining these results is conducted. While changes in offshore wave climate are spatially smooth within the region, relative mean sea level changes are highly variable and modulated by tectonic activity; the reduction of the sediment supply explains erosion rates in few cases.
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Stark, Nina, Brendan Green, Nick Brilli, Emily Eidam, Kevin W. Franke, and Kaleb Markert. "Geotechnical Measurements for the Investigation and Assessment of Arctic Coastal Erosion—A Review and Outlook." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 7 (July 1, 2022): 914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10070914.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Geotechnical data are increasingly utilized to aid investigations of coastal erosion and the development of coastal morphological models; however, measurement techniques are still challenged by environmental conditions and accessibility in coastal areas, and particularly, by nearshore conditions. These challenges are exacerbated for Arctic coastal environments. This article reviews existing and emerging data collection methods in the context of geotechnical investigations of Arctic coastal erosion and nearshore change. Specifically, the use of cone penetration testing (CPT), which can provide key data for the mapping of soil and ice layers as well as for the assessment of slope and block failures, and the use of free-fall penetrometers (FFPs) for rapid mapping of seabed surface conditions, are discussed. Because of limitations in the spatial coverage and number of available in situ point measurements by penetrometers, data fusion with geophysical and remotely sensed data is considered. Offshore and nearshore, the combination of acoustic surveying with geotechnical testing can optimize large-scale seabed characterization, while onshore most recent developments in satellite-based and unmanned-aerial-vehicle-based data collection offer new opportunities to enhance spatial coverage and collect information on bathymetry and topography, amongst others. Emphasis is given to easily deployable and rugged techniques and strategies that can offer near-term opportunities to fill current gaps in data availability. This review suggests that data fusion of geotechnical in situ testing, using CPT to provide soil information at deeper depths and even in the presence of ice and using FFPs to offer rapid and large-coverage geotechnical testing of surface sediments (i.e., in the upper tens of centimeters to meters of sediment depth), combined with acoustic seabed surveying and emerging remote sensing tools, has the potential to provide essential data to improve the prediction of Arctic coastal erosion, particularly where climate-driven changes in soil conditions may bias the use of historic observations of erosion for future prediction.
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Mohamed Rashidi, Ahmad Hadi, Mohamad Hidayat Jamal, Mohamad Zaki Hassan, Siti Salihah Mohd Sendek, Syazana Lyana Mohd Sopie, and Mohd Radzi Abd Hamid. "Coastal Structures as Beach Erosion Control and Sea Level Rise Adaptation in Malaysia: A Review." Water 13, no. 13 (June 23, 2021): 1741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131741.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The shoreline of Malaysia is exposed to threats of coastal erosion and a rise of sea level. The National Coastal Erosion Study, 2015 reported that 15% of an 8840 km shoreline is currently eroding, where one-third of those falls under the critical and significant categories that require structural protection. The Study of Sea Level Rise in Malaysia, 2017 presented a sea-level increase of 0.67–0.74 mm on average yearly. This study reviewed selected coastal protection structures along the shoreline of Malaysia as an erosion control and sea-level rise adaptation based on coastal management strategies. Hard structures such as rock revetment and breakwater are commonly used as erosion protection systems in the “hold the line” strategy. Increased platform level of seawalls and earth bunds, considered as an “adaptation” approach, are effective in erosion protection and are adaptive to sea-level rise. Mangrove replanting is suitable as a “limited intervention” approach in minimizing the long-term impact of both threats. However, offshore breakwater, groyne, and geotextile tubes are solely for protection purposes and are not as effective for sea-level rise adaptation. As the sea level is continuously increasing, their function as coastal protection will also become less effective. In summary, this comprehensive review on coastal protection in Malaysia will benefit the related agencies on the future assessment.
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Sergeev, Alexander, Daria Ryabchuk, Vladimir Zhamoida, Igor Leont’yev, Alexander Kolesov, Olga Kovaleva, and Kaarel Orviku. "Coastal dynamics of the eastern Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea: toward a quantitative assessment." Baltica 31, no. 1 (June 15, 2018): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/baltica.2018.31.05.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The easternmost part of the Gulf of Finland is characterized by intense coastal processes dominated by wave erosion. Reliable prediction of the coastal zone development, as well as effective strategy for coastal protection, demands a quantitative assessment of beach transformation and volume of sediment loss as a result of extreme storms. The main goal of this study based on results of terrestrial laser scanning was to establish volumes of eroded, transported, and redeposited sand during storm surge events that occurred between 2012 and 2017, and to verify a mathematical model of beach profile changes within key areas located in the Kurortny District of St. Petersburg (Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea), where the longest set of levelling and terrestrial laser scanning was conducted. The resulting detailed 3D GIS models of coastal relief, based on high-resolution geodesic surveys, produced a highly reliable database of beachface transformation under the extreme storm impact and quantitative assessment of erosion volumes and sediment loss.
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Nazeer, Majid, Muhammad Waqas, Muhammad Imran Shahzad, Ibrahim Zia, and Weicheng Wu. "Coastline Vulnerability Assessment through Landsat and Cubesats in a Coastal Mega City." Remote Sensing 12, no. 5 (February 25, 2020): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12050749.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global mean sea levels may rise from 0.43 m to 0.84 m by the end of the 21st century. This poses a significant threat to coastal cities around the world. The shoreline of Karachi (a coastal mega city located in Southern Pakistan) is vulnerable mainly due to anthropogenic activities near the coast. Therefore, the present study investigates rates and susceptibility to shoreline change using a 76-year multi-temporal dataset (1942 to 2018) through the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). Historical shoreline positions were extracted from the topographic sheets (1:250,000) of 1942 and 1966, the medium spatial resolution (30 m) multi-sensor Landsat images of 1976, 1990, 2002, 2011, and a high spatial resolution (3 m) Planet Scope image from 2018, along the 100 km coast of Karachi. The shoreline was divided into two zones, namely eastern (25 km) and western (29 km) zones, to track changes in development, movement, and dynamics of the shoreline position. The analysis revealed that 95% of transects drawn for the eastern zone underwent accretion (i.e., land reclamation) with a mean rate of 14 m/year indicating that the eastern zone faced rapid shoreline progression, with the highest rates due to the development of coastal areas for urban settlement. Similarly, 74% of transects drawn for the western zone experienced erosion (i.e., land loss) with a mean rate of −1.15 m/year indicating the weathering and erosion of rocky and sandy beaches by marine erosion. Among the 25 km length of the eastern zone, 94% (23.5 km) of the shoreline was found to be highly vulnerable, while the western zone showed much more stable conditions due to anthropogenic inactivity. Seasonal hydrodynamic analysis revealed approximately a 3% increase in the average wave height during the summer monsoon season and a 1% increase for the winter monsoon season during the post-land reclamation era. Coastal protection and management along the Sindh coastal zone should be adopted to defend against natural wave erosion and the government must take measures to stop illegal sea encroachments.