Статті в журналах: "Coal mine waste"

1

Hossain, M. B., M. Kumruzzaman, and M. Roknuzzaman. "Study of Engineering Behavior of Coal Mine Waste Generated From Barapukuria Coal Mine As Road Subgrade." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.884.2018.

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This study is focused on the possibility of using coal mine wastes as a replacement for conventional road subgrades. Various laboratory tests carried out on fresh coal mine waste collected from Barapukuria Coal Mine (Located at Dinajpur, Bangladesh) showed that, it behaves like low strength soil with 0.71% CBR and 18.74% plasticity index which is unsuitable for engineering utilization. Later, fine sand and cement were added with the waste. Three different cement proportion were tested (5%, 8% and 10% of total weight) keeping a constant sand proportion (20% of total weight). The unconfined compression strength and CBR value were found to increase greatly. Analyzing the test results, waste mixed with 8% cement and 20% sand showing 27.44% CBR and 9.09% plasticity index was found to be effective for using as subgrade. Chemical analysis of waste detected the presence of lead as 0.026 ppm which may cause groundwater contamination.

2

Wang, Hai Xia, and Ming Liang Zhang. "Removal of Sulfate and Iron from Coal Mine Waste by Using SRB Batch Bioreactor." Advanced Materials Research 651 (January 2013): 414–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.651.414.

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Leachate from coal mine waste is a serious environment problem, which has been considered as the major pollution problem associated with coal mining activities owing to high concentrations of sulfate, iron and other heavy metals. Biological treatment by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) has been considered as one promising alternative method for the treatment of acid leachate from coal mine waste. The treatment is based on the metabolism of SRB with organic carbon as electron donor and sulfate as electron acceptor, and the process can remove heavy metals as sulfide precipitates. In this study, ethanol was investigated as carbon source required for SRB to treat coal mine waste leachate by batch experiment. Inoculation of coal mine waste in batch reactors with SRB resulted in the efficient neutralization and high removal of sulphate (84.3%) and iron (97.2%). The result showed that the removal of sulfate and iron by inoculating coal mine waste pile with SRB could be a potential alternative to traditional treatment of coal mine waste.

3

Zhang, Dong Sheng, Tao Dong, and Gang Wei Fan. "Clean Mining Technology of Waste Not Discharged From Coal Mine." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 552–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.552.

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In order to solve the problem of heaping waste in aboveground, a cleanly mining technique of waste not discharged from coal mine was proposed. It includes two key points as follows: one is waste separation underground; the other is mining technique with preset packing body of waste without coal pillars. After the waste from the coal mining face had been separated out, the waste was used to preset packing body of waste. It is able to decrease stress of mine hoisting. The technique has been successfully used in Gaozhuang Coal Mine.

4

Sanliyuksel Yucel, D., M. A. Yucel, and B. Ileri. "MONITORING METAL POLLUTION LEVELS IN MINE WASTES AROUND A COAL MINE SITE USING GIS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W4 (November 13, 2017): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w4-335-2017.

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In this case study, metal pollution levels in mine wastes at a coal mine site in Etili coal mine (Can coal basin, NW Turkey) are evaluated using geographical information system (GIS) tools. Etili coal mine was operated since the 1980s as an open pit. Acid mine drainage is the main environmental problem around the coal mine. The main environmental contamination source is mine wastes stored around the mine site. Mine wastes were dumped over an extensive area along the riverbeds, and are now abandoned. Mine waste samples were homogenously taken at 10 locations within the sampling area of 102.33 ha. The paste pH and electrical conductivity values of mine wastes ranged from 2.87 to 4.17 and 432 to 2430 μS/cm, respectively. Maximum Al, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn and Ni concentrations of wastes were measured as 109300, 70600, 309.86, 115.2, 38 and 5.3 mg/kg, respectively. The Al, Fe and Pb concentrations of mine wastes are higher than world surface rock average values. The geochemical analysis results from the study area were presented in the form of maps. The GIS based environmental database will serve as a reference study for our future work.

5

Gilyazidinova, Natalya, Vladimir Duvarov, and Akparali Mamytov. "Studies of the Possibility of Using Coal Mining Waste in Concrete for Mine Construction." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017401012.

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The article discusses the possibility of using coal waste for the preparation of mine concrete. As a result of the research, scientific and prac- tical results were obtained. It has been experimentally proved that when a small fraction of coal, which is a waste of coal mining, is added to mine concrete, the strength of concrete decreases, but with a certain ratio of this strength it is sufficient to ensure the required properties. A series of experi- ments was carried out with the addition of liquid glass to the concrete to control the setting time of the mixture. The properties of coal wastes were determined and the possibility of their use in mine concrete was investigated. It has been established that the introduction of a fine fraction of coal in the optimum quantity into the composition of mine concrete is possible without reducing technological parameters.

6

Gu, Xiao Wei, Peng Fei Wang, Qing Wang, You Yi Zheng, Jian Ping Liu, and Bin Chen. "A Push-Back Sequencing Model for Production Planning in Open-Pit Coal Mining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 88-89 (August 2011): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.88-89.219.

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A dynamic sequencing method has been developed to simultaneously optimize the coal production rate, waste stripping rate, mining sequence, and mine life of an open-pit coal mine. The method first establishes a geological seam model of a bedded coal deposit which estimates the relevant attributes of coal seams at the center of each block on the X-Y plane. Based on the seam model, a sequence of “geologically optimum push-backs” is generated in the final pit. The geologically optimum push-backs are then put into a dynamic sequencing model and economically evaluated. The best production schedule which has the highest NPV is obtained, which indicates the best quantities of coal and waste to be mined in each year, the best zone to be mined in each year, and the best number of years to mine the entire final pit.

7

Liu, Jia You. "Waste Heat Utility Technology in Coal Mine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 2723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.2723.

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Coal mine drainage, exhaust air and bathing wastewater, etc. contain a large amount of waste heat resource. Using the waste heat effectively is beneficial to achieve energy conservation and emissions reduction and improve economic benefit for coal mine. Heat pump and heat pipe are thermal devices recycling waste heat effectively. The ways and purpose of recycling waste heat in coal mine by using water-source heat pump, air-source heat pump and heat pipe exchanger is given. The performance of heat pump and heat pipe is briefly evaluated.

8

Zhang, Xin Guo, Ning Jiang, Heng Wang, and Yang Yang Li. "Study on Basic Experiment of Coal Waste Paste Filling Material." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.384.

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Based on present situation that coal mining under buildings, water bodies and railways, and solid wastes mainly including coal waste, fly ash in coal mine of our country, optimization proportioning of paste filling material and hydration reaction mechanism is systematicaly researched combining with project practice of paste filling in Daizhuang Coal Mine, Zibo Mining Group. The result shows that: Proportioning design P10 can be used as the optimal proportion results, the rate of cementing material is that the proportion: fly ash: coal waste is 1:4:6, quantity concentration is 74%; Coal waste paste XRD diffraction patterns of different instar shows that its hydration products at different instar stage are mainly gelation of CH, Aft and C-S-H; Relative content of each material in hydration products is different at different instar stage; With scanning electron microscope a certin ettringite is producted after coal waste paste hydrated 8h, and content of C-S-H gelation and CH gelation is increased gradually; Hydration process of portland cement is speed up and the strength of paste is enhanced.

9

Růžek, L., M. Růžková, K. Voříšek, J. Vráblíková, and P. Vráblík. " Slit seeded grass-legume mixture improves coal mine reclamation." Plant, Soil and Environment 58, No. 2 (March 5, 2012): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/397/2011-pse.

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Slit seeding (sowing into shallow cuts to the soil surface) was evaluated on coal mine reclamation in the North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin (Czech Republic) between 2001 and 2008, on plots both with and without biodegradable waste enrichment. Prior to experimentation (in 2000, once) were applied dehydrated, anaerobically digested wastewater sludge, 200 (41) t/ha fresh mass (dry mass), together with paper mill waste, 400 (131) t/ha, and bark substrate Envima, 400 (145) t/ha. Spontaneous herbaceous cover was enhanced each end of April from 2001 to 2003 by slit seeded grass-legume mixture containing Festuca pratensis L. (46%); Lotus corniculatus L. (22%); Coronilla varia L. (18%); Festuca rubra L. (9%); and Medicago lupulina L. (5%). All slit seeded species proliferated better on surface strip mine deposits without biodegradable waste enrichment and brought beneficial changes in a number of parameters over the ensuing five years due to lower competition with native expanding eutrophic species including Calamagrostis epigejos L.; Cardaria draba L.; Urtica dioica L.; and Galium aparine L. Available organic carbon (extracted from field-moist soil by 0.5 mol/L K2SO4) showed a notable tendency toward values 10–66 mg C/kg DM (dry mass), microbial biomass 302–1131 mg C/kg DM, basal respiration 3.9–5.8 mg C/kg DM/h, and metabolic quotient (basal respiration/microbial biomass carbon) × 1000 = 5.2–7.9.

10

Chowdhury, Chotan. "Shear Strength Behavior of Coal Mine Waste Stabilized by Cement, Lime and Fly Ash." October 2022 3, no. 4 (December 9, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebel.2022.1744.

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In this paper, description of the results of this study which was the determination of shear strength behaviour of coal mine waste stabilized by cement, lime and fly ash. The mine is found at Parbatipur upazila in Dinajpur, this is often the as it were dynamic mine in Bangladesh. Mining workplaces opened in Dhaka and exchange was helped by British Rail arrange in India. In 1962 the study found 1.05 million ton of coal in Jamalganj, Sunamganj Locale. The another huge revelation came in 1985 when Geographical Overview of Bangladesh found coal in Dinajpur. Bangladesh has an assessed 2 billion tonnes of coal in underground saves within the Northwest locale of the nation. Fine coal waste obtained from Barapukuria to ascertain its suitability for use as a construction material. Coal mine waste samples were tested by treating with cement, lime and fly ash. In the present investigation, laboratory test of Triaxial tests were conducted on waste samples added with various percentages of cement, lime and fly-ash by the weight of dry waste. It was observed that addition of about 1%, 3% and 5% cement, lime and fly ash to coal waste, increased the shearing strength significantly. The fine coal waste, alone or with cement, lime or fly ash admixtures, possesses acceptable strength characteristics. It appears from the test results that the fine coal waste used in this study can be properly stabilized for use in construction of highway subgrades.

11

Petlovanyi, Мykhailo V., Dmytro S. Мalashkevych, and Kateryna S. Sai. "The new approach to creating progressive and low-waste mining technology for thin coal seams." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 29, no. 4 (December 27, 2020): 765–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112069.

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The problem of mining low-thickness coal seams in the Western Donbas is described in the article. Technological, economic and environmental reasons reducing the effectiveness of traditional technologies for their development are analyzed in detail and the new progressive approach is proposed to solve it. Attention is paid to the importance of hard coal for Ukraine energy independence and thin coal seams, which is the lowest indicator among coal deposits exploited in the developed countries worldwide. The key role of the Western Donbas mines in the Ukraine coal mining industry development is shown, where coal seams with a geological thickness in a range of 0.55 – 0.80 m take more than 50% of coal reserves. It leads to coal clogging and rising of the further enrichment costs. The interrelation of mining, geological seam thickness, and wall rock undercut is established, as well as decade-long tendency out of seam size increase is evaluated. It appropriately correlates with the general tendency of a geological thickness decrease and it leads to an increase of total ash content. The sources are defined and the volumes of waste rock run from coal mine to the surface are quantified, where 80 – 90% are underground mine working development and wall rock undercut while longwall mining operations. The negative influence of the applied mining technologies for low-thickness seams is shown. Whereby existing waste rock dumps are additionally replenished annually by 3.0 – 3.5 million of large-sized coal enrichment wastes and transported back onto waste rock dumps for very high expenses. It is determined that three waste dumps are located near urban settlements, which increases the environmental fee for their placement in three times. The new approach for selective mining of low-thickness seams with rock undercut placement in the gob area is proposed and it is characterized by the addition to the mechanized support of horizontally-closed scraper backfilling conveyor with a tamping device for rock compaction, which reduces the mine rock output by 25 – 30%. The preliminary calculations of parameters and prospective economic efficiency of the proposed mining technology for low-thickness coal seams are carried out in case of one typical longwall face taking into account the mined rock transportation cost to coal-preparation plant and its enrichment, reducing the cost of mine working supports. Its technology is by 17% more cost effective, than traditional mining technology while rough coal ash content does not exceed 21%.

12

Bzowski, Zbigniew. "Integrated Analytical System in the Monitoring of Carboniferous Mine Wastes from the “Bogdanka” Hard Coal Mine." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 12, no. 1 (June 26, 2014): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2014-0003.

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Abstract In order to evaluate usefulness of wastes for utilization it is necessary to use modern chemical testing methods. The proposed analytical system of the XRD-XRF-ICP-GC methods enables to conduct an examination of carboniferous waste rocks. The offered system of chemical testing is less time consuming and much more efficient. Within a reasonably short period of time, it allows to obtain information about mineralogical and chemical properties of the carboniferous waste rocks. In the paper application of such an integrated system has been illustrated with the examples drawn from the monitoring of the carboniferous wastes rocks from the “Bogdanka” coal mine.

13

Arefieva, Olga D., Alina V. Nazarkina, Natalia V. Gruschakova, and Daria V. Sidorova. "Impact of Waste Coal on Chemical Composition of Soil Solutions in Industrial Areas of Abandoned Coal Mines (Evidence from Avangard Mine, South of the Russian Far East)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.402.

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Waste coal impact degree on chemical composition of soil solutions were studied by key hydrochemical parameters in the industrial area of abandoned Avangard coal mine. It was found that the impact of waste coal and mine waters is seen in accumulation of sulfides and silicon compounds in humus soil horizons; iron, chrome and copper in mineral horizons. Close correlation between chemical composition of mine waters and composition of soil solution was found.

14

Kutepov, Yuriy, Aleksandr Mironov, Maksim Sablin, and Elena Borger. "Substantiation of Safe Conditions During Undermining of Hydraulic Waste Disposal." E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184101007.

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This article considers mining and geological conditions of the site “Blagodatny” of the mine named after A.D. Ruban located underneaththe old open pit coal mine and the hydraulic-mine dump. The potentially dangerous zones in the undermined rock mass have been identified based onthe conditions of formation of water inflow into mine workings. Safe depthof coal seams mining has been calculated depending on the type of water body – the hydraulic-mine dump.

15

BRYK, Dmytro, Oleg GVOZDEVYCH, Lesya KULCHYTSKA-ZHYHAYLO, and Myroslav PODOLSKYY. "Technogenic carbonaceous objects of the Chervonohrad mining and industrial district and some technical solutions for their using." Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals 4, no. 181 (December 27, 2019): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2019.04.045.

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Ukraine has significant coal resources. Chervonohrad Mining and Industrial District is the main coal complex in the west of Ukraine. In recent years, the average annual coal production in the mines of Chervonohrad Mining and Industrial District has amounted to 1.5 bn t, coal ash varies over a wide range of 25 to 53 %, average coal ash content of about 40 %. Coal mining has produced millions of tons of coal waste every year. Concentration of technogeneous coal objects (mines, mining infrastructure, coal-mining waste dumps and wastes of coal enrichment) in a relatively small area has caused environmental degradation. Therefore, technological and environmental aspects of carbon-containing technogenic objects are particularly important and actual. Coal-waste dumps in the territory of Chervonohrad Mining and Industrial District are characterized in detail. The dumps cover different areas – from 9–10 to 29–30 ha, the height of the dumps reaches 62 m at the mostly heights of 25–40 m. The total waste deposit in the dumps of existing mines has a volume of more than 20 million m3. The coal wastes from Mezhyrichanskaya mine coal-waste dump was investigated to determine the suitability for thermochemical processing. Technical characteristics of taken coal-waster samples is presented. The technogenic carbonaceous objects and the impact to the environment are evaluated. The developed and patented technical and technological solutions for the technogenic carbonaceous objects using are considered. It is shown that the concept of industrial development of coal wastes dumps is based on two aspects – extraction of valuable mineral components and energy utilization of carbonaceous wastes of coal production. Its patented as Patents of Ukraine technological schemes for terrestrial process in of solid carbonaceous raw material from dumps and sludges with the production of coal tar and synthesis gas CO + H2 are presented, as well as the scheme of a system for utilization of heat from coal dump. Recommendations for the implementation of innovative technologies are based on the results of the laboratory research. The purpose of the resolution is to obtain valuable components and energy from coal wasters while improving the environment.

16

Wang, Xingming, Lei Chu, Zhaoxia Chu, and Zhongbing Dong. "Vegetation Development on Coal Waste Pile in Panyi Coal Mine." Asian Journal of Chemistry 25, no. 10 (2013): 5778–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2013.oh91.

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17

Gosar, Mateja, Robert Šajn, Miloš Miler, Ana Burger, and Špela Bavec. "Overview of existing information on important closed (or in closing phase) and abandoned mining waste sites and related mines in Slovenia." Geologija 63, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 221–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5474/geologija.2020.018.

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The presented work provides a comprehensive inventory of data on closed (or in closing phase) and abandoned underground and surface mines and mining waste sites in Slovenia, collected within the framework of the Geological Survey of Slovenia (GeoZS) over the last two decades. Furthermore, a detailed overview of information on closed and abandoned mining waste sites in Slovenia is given. In order to establish the inventory, a definition of the work methodology, a comprehensive research of the archived and published literature, and the harmonisation and management of the collected data was carried out. Based on a selected methodology, the inventory contains information on 33 metal mines, 43 coal mines, 51 non-metallic mineral resource mines, 156 waste sites from metal mines and 18 waste sites from coal mines. The inventory is in the open access Google Earth file. It provides a basis for further research into the environmental impact of mining waste, which has been carried out since the EU Directive on the management of waste from extractive industries (Directive 2006/21/EC hereafter) was adopted into national law. In general, about 11,621,333 m3 of waste sites from metal mines and 76,188,000 m3 of waste sites from coal mines are covering about 678 hectares of Slovenian territory. More than half (64 %) of the waste from metal mines was produced in the Mežica lead and zinc mine, while the other two mines with a still significant share of produced waste were the Idrija mercury mine (18 %) and the Žirovski vrh uranium mine (15 %). Among the closed coal mines, the largest amount (46 %) of waste was generated by the coal mine Trbovlje-Hrastnik, while the other two coal mines with still significant share of waste produced were Kočevje (28 %) and Kanižarica (17 %).

18

Zhang, Jun, Bo Xiao, Hong Xia Du, Li Wang, Bi Zhou Ge, and Hui Shi. "Emergy Evaluation of Pollutants Emission in Coal Mine: A Case Study of DaLiuTa Mine in Northern Shaanxi Province, China." Advanced Materials Research 599 (November 2012): 428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.428.

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Based on emergy theory and calculation methods of emergy values, the environmental support due to pollutants emission was estimated in the DaLiuTa coal mine located in the northern China. The negative effects of waste emission were analyzed from changes of production scale in the mine ecosystem. Moreover, the impacts on environment and potential effects on human health caused by pollutants emission from coal mining wastes were assessed using an index of disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in emergy unit so that sustainability of the mining ecological systems was evaluated on a uniform standard.

19

Liskovec, Alexandr, Natalya Gilyazidinova, Vladimir Duvarov, and Victor Tacienko. "Study of the strength dependence of concrete for mine construction on the content of coal mining waste in it." E3S Web of Conferences 315 (2021): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131502006.

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The possibility of using coal mining waste in mine concrete mixing is considered in the article. As a result of the research, scientific and practical results have been obtained that make it possible to evaluate the strength properties of mine concrete, depending on the content of coal dust particles - the waste of mining - in it. It has been experimentally proven that when a fine fraction of coal is added to mine concrete, the strength of concrete decreases at a certain ratio, but this strength is sufficient to ensure the required properties. As a result of the experiments, samples of concrete for mine construction were manufactured, into which a fine fraction of coal - coal dust - was added in various ratios. A series of mine concrete tests was carried out to determine its physical and mechanical properties; the optimal composition was determined, which provides process and strength performance of the mixture. The conclusions have been drawn about the quantitative content of a fine fraction of coal in mine concrete, which make it possible to maintain process performance of the mixture and the strength of structures.

20

Yoo, Jung Whan, Jin Ho Jung, and Hyung Tae Kim. "Synthesis and Characterization of Clay Brick Using Coal Wastes." Materials Science Forum 486-487 (June 2005): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.486-487.403.

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Utilizing coal waste byproducts formed during mine development or use is important in solving environmental problems and recycling of waste materials. In this study, specimens prepared by mixing coal waste of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 % into clay brick have been investigated in terms of water absorption and compressive strength according to coal waste amounts and calcination temperature. As coal waste content increased water absorption increased and compressive strength decreased. When up to 30% coal waste was mixed into clay at 1300 oC, specimens satisfied 1st-class brick of Korea Standard requirements (water absorption 10%>, compressive strength 210 kgf/cm2<).

21

Saik, Pavlo. "Study of Methods and Development of Technological Scheme for Heat Removal from Rock Waste Dump." Advanced Engineering Forum 25 (November 2017): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.25.128.

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The aim of this paper is to study the methods and develop technological scheme for thermal energy removal from coal mine rock waste dumps. The prospects of renewable energy sources development in Ukraine are analyzed. A number of available ways for using the sources of waste heat of mining enterprises, namely: outlet ventilation flow, mine water and other rock waste dumps, are investigated. The technological scheme of heat recovery from rock waste dump using heat pumps, which are component segments of the heat pump geosystem on the basis of borehole underground coal gasification, is developed.

22

Qureshi, Asif, Christian Maurice, and Björn Öhlander. "Potential of coal mine waste rock for generating acid mine drainage." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 160 (January 2016): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2015.10.014.

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23

Petlovanyi, M. V., and V. Yu Medianyk. "Assessment of coal mine waste dumps development priority." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 4 (August 2018): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29202/nvngu/2018-4/3.

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24

Drumm, E. C., M. Mauldon, and C. R. Tant. "Stabilization of coal mine waste with soil nails." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement 2, no. 4 (October 1998): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/gi.1998.020401.

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25

Smołka-Danielowska, Danuta, and Agata Walencik-Łata. "The Occurrence of Selected Radionuclides and Rare Earth Elements in Waste at the Mine Heap from the Polish Mining Group." Minerals 11, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11050504.

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The paper presents the results of research on rare earth elements (REY) and selected radionuclides in barren rocks deposited on a heap at a mine belonging to the Polish Mining Group (the largest producer of hard coal in EU countries). The maximum concentration of REEs determined in silstones was 261.6 mg/kg and in sandstones 221.2 mg/kg. The average uranium and thorium content in silstones was 6.8 mg/kg and 11.6 mg/kg, respectively. On the other hand, the samples of burnt coal shales contain on average 3.5 mg/kg of uranium and 9.7 mg/kg of thorium. In all coal waste samples, the REE values are higher than in hard coal (15.7 mg/kg). Carriers of REY, uranium, and thorium in coal waste are detritic minerals: monazite and xenotime, which are part of the grain skeleton of barren rocks. Coal waste samples are characterized by a variable distribution of REY concentrations as well as a variable content of radionuclides. The 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K measurements in the investigated samples were performed using the gamma spectrometry technique. The concentrations of the analyzed isotopes differed depending on the mineralogical composition of the investigated samples. The present study results may be important in determining the possibility of utilization of wastes of barren rocks stored in the mine heap and in assessing environmental and radiological hazards.

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Faisal, Ahmad, and Syarifudin A. "Dosis Optimum Larutan Kapur untuk Netralisasi pH Air Limbah Penambangan Batubara." JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.31964/jkl.v11i1.10.

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Abstrak: Optimum Dose of Hydrated Lime for pH Neutralizing in Coal Mine Waste-water. Coal mines release chemicals such as pyrite (Fe2S), produce acid waste water (H2SO4). This research aims to know the optimum dose of hydrated lime to neutralize the pH of coal mining wastewater. This research was experimental study with pretest-postest with control group design, measured pH before and after treatment. Coal mines wastewater was sampled with composite sampling method. The result showed that the average of waste-water’s pH before added 2% hydrated lime were 4,9, while wastewater added by variated dose of hydrated lime, the pH changed. Added 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 ml hydrated lime, the pH particularly to be 5,3, 7,1, 8,2, 9,7 and 10,5. Statistical test using One Way Anova showed the p value = 0,000, ore less than α = 0,05. There was the difference significantly between pH’s average of coal mine wastewater at variation in dose of 2% hydrated lime. Test of Linier regression found equation; y = 4,906 + 0,649x with correlation value (R) = 0,982. Optimum dose of 2% hydrated lime for pH neutralizing 1 litre of coal mine wastewater was 3,23, pH=7.Keyword: Air limbah batubara; larutan kapur; pH

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Shao, Ai Jun, Shi Wen Wang, Lin Lin Chai, Qiang Wang, Ying Liu, and Song Yang. "Utilization of Coal Mine Water." Applied Mechanics and Materials 707 (December 2014): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.707.202.

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China is a big country of coal production, in the coal mining process, the great massive mine drainage has caused not only the waste of groundwater resource, but also environmental pollution. On the other hand, mining production and life supply water is very scarce. According to the mine water features, the majority of mine drainage water belonging to the mine water containing suspended, the mine water needs to do the necessary purification then can be used. What the purification mainly eliminates is the suspended. In this paper, the method of purification and the technological process about mine water are discussed. The main methods of handling are coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection. According to different characteristics of water quality, different ways of handling and technological processes have to be chosen. Finally, the purification and utilization of mine water are shown through practical examples, Pingdingshan Coal Group Company, Wannian Coal Mine of Fengfeng Group Limited Company and Tangshan Coal Mine of Kailuan Group Company, to have obvious social, economic and environmental benefits.

28

Popovych, V., A. Voloshchyshyn, P. Bosak, and N. Popovych. "Waste heaps in the urban environment as negative factors of urbanization." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 915, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/915/1/012001.

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Abstract Urbanization in Ukraine has led to the development of the Lviv-Volyn coal basin. One of the main negative factors in the operation of coal basins are mine dumps. In addition to environmental hazards, waste heaps of coal mines violate the attractiveness and aesthetics of towns. The wastewater from waste heaps is a secondary factor in reducing the environmental safety of the coal-mining region. These waters are concentrated at the foot of landfills forming the man-made reservoirs. The research presents the negative factors of mine dumps and the results of physical and chemical analysis of subtericone wastewater and its impact on environmental pollution. It is established that the most polluted is the wastewater from waste heaps of the Mezhyrichanska mine which is caused by its operating process. The man-made polluted wastewater from heaps is a secondary factor in reducing the level of ecological danger of the coal-mining region. These waters are concentrated at the foot of landfills in the form of man-made reservoirs. The aim of the research is to indicate the negative factors of urban waste heaps by studying the physical and chemical properties of underspoil waters within the cities of Chervonograd and Novovolynsk.

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Wu, Zhaopeng, Junhui Wang, Zhijun Wan, Jingyi Cheng, Luchang Xiong, Lizhu Zhao, and Xiaogang Liu. "A Case Study of Cyclic Top Coal Weakening Process Based on Highly Tough Coal Seam with Partings." Shock and Vibration 2021 (January 4, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8862044.

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The top coal weakening process is an effective mean to increase the coal output, reduce the coal resource waste, and promote the sustainable development in a mine. The conventional blast weakening process and water injection weakening process are more widely applied in fully mechanized caving mining of hard thick coal seams, but under some special complex geological conditions, no desirable performance has been achieved in top coal weakening by one weakening process alone after substantial investment in capital and equipment. In the context of highly tough top coal with partings at working face 110501 for fully mechanized top coal caving mining in Yushutian Coal Mine, effects of parting band and high toughness on top coal breaking were studied in terms of mechanism and extent, a multifunctional compound drilling field integrating blast weakening, water injection weakening, and gas extraction was purposefully designed, and a cyclic top coal weakening process for highly tough coal seams with partings was proposed. Engineering practice and performance testing show that degree of fragmentation and mobility of top coal was improved, mean top coal recovery ratio at the working face increased by about 35%, coal resource waste decreased, and potential risks of gas explosion and mine fire were eliminated, which provides reference for top coal weakening process under similarly complex engineering conditions.

30

Chalmers, Mark. "TRAIL Spotlight: Fires in Abandoned Coal Mines and Waste Banks." DttP: Documents to the People 47, no. 4 (December 6, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/dttp.v47i4.7212.

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Coal is a readily combustible rock of carbon and hydrocarbons that is found all across the United States. Due to its combustive properties and relative abundance, burning coal has been and still is a substantial fraction of the US energy market. However, also due its combustive properties, coal veins and mines tend to, well, catch fire. Lewis and Clark reported seeing burning veins of coal in 1805 when they were exploring the Missouri River in what is now central North Dakota. Maybe you have heard of the still burning mine fire in Centralia, Pennsylvania where a strip mine has been burning since 1962 and could continue to burn for over 250 years. Abandoned coal mines that catch fire are serious health, safety, and environmental hazards that the US government has been trying to address for decades.

31

Mien, Tran. "Mine waste water management and treatment in coal mines in Vietnam." Geosystem Engineering 15, no. 1 (March 2012): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2012.674430.

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32

Petlovanyi, Mykhailo, Dmytro Malashkevych, Kateryna Sai, and Serhii Zubko. "CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS FOR A NON-WASTE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT OF MINING THIN COAL SEAMS." SCIENTIFIC PAPERS OF DONNTU Series: “The Mining and Geology”, no. 1(27)-2(28)2022 (2022): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2073-9575-2022-1(27)-2(28)-7-17.

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Purpose. Development and generalization of a set of key elements for a non-waste technology concept of mining high-quality coal from thin coal seams, based on the processes of backfilling the mined-out space with waste rocks from stope and tunneling operations. Methods. A comprehensive methodical approach, containing the systematization and generalization of the constituent elements of a non-waste coal mining technology based on the implementation of theoretical studies and substantiations, is used in the research. Findings. The main hypothesis of a new approach to non-waste coal mining has been formed, in which the priority is not only the process of leaving the maximum waste rock volume in underground cavities, but also its use to form backfill mass, thereby improving the geomechanical conditions for mining thin coal seams. A wide range of mining tasks has been formulated and systematized for using a non-waste coal mining technology. The conditions for the harmonious functioning of the proposed conceptual scheme of a non-waste coal mining technology within the extraction field boundaries have been determined and substantiated. The conceptual foundations for the functioning of a new highly efficient non-waste technology for mining high-quality thermal coal from thin coal seams have been developed. Originality. The scientific novelty is in revealing the mechanism for the effective logistic functioning of rock-transport systems for the accumulation of waste rocks in the underground space using a non-waste technology of coal mining from thin coal seams. Practical implication. The research results can be used in planning non-waste technological schemes for mining the coal with an increased energy potential. Keywords: non-waste technology, waste mine rocks, backfill, selective mining, stope, drifting face, transportation.

33

Azadi, Mehdi, Mansour Edraki, Faezeh Farhang, and Jiwhan Ahn. "Opportunities for Mineral Carbonation in Australia’s Mining Industry." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (February 27, 2019): 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051250.

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Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) via mineral carbonation is an effective method for long-term storage of carbon dioxide and combating climate change. Implemented at a large-scale, it provides a viable solution to harvesting and storing the modern crisis of GHGs emissions. To date, technological and economic barriers have inhibited broad-scale utilisation of mineral carbonation at industrial scales. This paper outlines the mineral carbonation process; discusses drivers and barriers of mineral carbonation deployment in Australian mining; and, finally, proposes a unique approach to commercially viable CCUS within the Australian mining industry by integrating mine waste management with mine site rehabilitation, and leveraging relationships with local coal-fired power station. This paper discusses using alkaline mine and coal-fired power station waste (fly ash, red mud, and ultramafic mine tailings, i.e., nickel, diamond, PGE (platinum group elements), and legacy asbestos mine tailings) as the feedstock for CCUS to produce environmentally benign materials, which can be used in mine reclamation. Geographical proximity of mining operations, mining waste storage facilities and coal-fired power stations in Australia are identified; and possible synergies between them are discussed. This paper demonstrates that large-scale alkaline waste production and mine site reclamation can become integrated to mechanise CCUS. Furthermore, financial liabilities associated with such waste management and site reclamation could overcome many of the current economic setbacks of retrofitting CCUS in the mining industry. An improved approach to commercially viable climate change mitigation strategies available to the mining industry is reviewed in this paper.

34

Trinh, L. H., and V. N. Nguyen. "Mapping coal fires using Normalized Difference Coal Fire Index (NDCFI): case study at Khanh Hoa coal mine, Vietnam." Gornye nauki i tekhnologii = Mining Science and Technology (Russia) 6, no. 4 (December 26, 2021): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2021-4-233-240.

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Khanh Hoa coal mine (Thai Nguyen province) is one of the largest coal mines in the north of Vietnam. For many years, this area suffered from underground fires at coal mine waste dumps, seriously affecting production activities and the environment. This paper presents the results of classification of underground fire areas at Khanh Hoa coal mine using Normalized Diference Coal Fire Index (NDCFI). 03 Landsat 8 OLI_TIRS images taken on December 2, 2013, December 10, 2016, and December 3, 2019 were used to calculate NDCFI index, and then classify the underground fire areas by thresholding method. In the study, the land surface temperature was also calculated from Landsat 8 thermal infrared bands data, and then compared with the results of underground coal fire classification at Khanh Hoa coal mine. The obtained results showed that the NDCFI index can be used effectively in detecting and monitoring underground fire areas at coal mines. The use of the NDCFI index also has many advantages due to its calculation simplicity and rapidness compared to other methods for classifying underground coal fire areas.

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Pawlik, Tomasz, Daniel Michalik, Malgorzata Sopicka-Lizer, and Marcin Godzierz. "Manufacturing of Light Weight Aggregates from the Local Waste Materials for Application in the Building Concrete." Materials Science Forum 904 (August 2017): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.904.174.

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The aim of those research was to find out the technique of the car windshield glass waste utilization. The research was performed in cooperation with the Polish small company, active in the waste utilization. Manufacturing of the light weight aggregates (LWAs) for application in the building concrete has been chosen as an appropriate solution. The local coal mine slates, the fine-grained coal mine wastes and fly ash from the local power station were tried for making the suitable mixture for granulation and sintering. All waste materials were characterized for their granulation, chemical composition and thermal behavior (DTA, TG/DTG, linear changes). Several mixtures with various composition were prepared, milled, homogenized and pelletized with water addition and finally sintered at 950°C. Thermally treated granules were tested for their density, porosity and mechanical properties. Some specimens were observed in scanning microscope. It has been shown that by variation of the composition of the waste materials it is possible to produce aggregates with a large variety of mechanical properties and porosities.

36

Dawson, R. F., N. R. Morgenstern, and A. W. Stokes. "Liquefaction flowslides in Rocky Mountain coal mine waste dumps." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 35, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 328–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t98-009.

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Over the past 25 years there have been a large number of long runout flowslides from Rocky Mountain coal mine waste dumps. The waste dumps are constructed as end-dumped fills with an angle of repose of 38°. Dump heights range between 100 and 400 m. The dumps are normally founded on mountain slopes that are covered with a thin veneer of granular colluvial and dense stony till materials. Conventional stability analyses carried out for these dumps using friction angles equal to the angle of repose for the waste rock and typical values ranging from 30 to 32° for the foundation materials indicate that many should be stable. The flowslides occur rapidly and display surprisingly long runouts of up to 2 km in some cases. Detailed studies of three of these events indicate that static collapse of saturated or nearly saturated sandy gravel layers within the dumps may be responsible for the initial failure and the generation of high pore pressures which result in high runout mobility.Key words: mine waste dumps, flowslide, static liquefaction, collapse mechanics.

37

Pak, Iurii, Dmitrii Pak, Zhmagul Nuguzhinov, and Anar Tebaeva. "Natural radioactivity of coal in the context of radioecological safety and rational use." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2021-1-97-106.

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Introduction. Environmental contamination with natural radioactive elements is an urgent ecological problem of the coal industry. Radiation hazard associated with natural radionuclides in coals and enclosing rock is a poorly studied problem requiring special attention. Radionuclides and their combustion products in coals, i. e. ash and slag waste and gas aerosol emissions, released into the biosphere, become the sources of pollution. Radiation monitoring is required in the course of geological prospecting, deposits development and rational use. The research aims to systematize research and analytical material on specific radioactivity of coal and their combustion products, and update the problem of radioecological safety monitoring. Methodology includes studying data on specific radioactivity of coal at various deposits, studying natural radioactivity of coal, enclosing rock and ash and slag waste, describing ash and slag waste and radon as a source of radioactive contamination, assessing potential radon hazard of mine workings, and analyzing ash composition characteristics for toxicologic estimation of ash dumps and their effect on the environment. Results. Generalized data on radionuclide concentration in coal burned at the CHP facilities, slag and fly ash are presented. Radionuclide specific concentration is much higher in ash and slag waste of coal heat power industry than in initial coal. It is caused by the radionuclide concentration in the products of coal combustion. Potential hazard of radon released from rock is revealed, and ash composition is characterised for toxicologic estimation of ash dumps. Conclusions. Uncontrolled coal combustion exacerbates the problem of radioecological safety due to radioactive aerosol emission and the formation of ash and slag waste with increased concentration of natural radionuclides. System monitoring of radioactivity level in the course of geological prospecting, mining, processing and combustion will allow reducing radionuclides entering the fuel cycle and environment.

38

Zhou, Hong Ying, and Guo Xiang Xu. "The Research and Application of Reclamation Technology in Complex Matrix of VA Mycorrhiza on Coal Mine Abandoned Wasteland." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2224–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2224.

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The exploitation of coal resources will lead to land damage and the emission of solid wastes, and will also lead to structural differences in mining wasteland, nutrient poor, low microbial activity, and vegetation planting difficult, causing serious environmental problems. Draw sludge into mine waste, construct different weight ratio of sludge, coal gangue and fly ash mining complex matrix, study the effect on the physical and chemical properties of composite matrix in mine lot which affected by mycorrhizal fungi through the soil property recover experiment of host plants inoculated with mycorrhizal clover ochratoxin, CIT. Preliminary studies show that inoculate mycorrhizal fungi and add appropriate amount of sludge can improve the matrix fertility in mine site, increase soil microbial activity and accelerate the process of mining land reclamation.

39

Fečko, Peter, Alena Kašpárková, Eva Pertile, Vlastimil Kříž, Barbara Tora, Andrzej Jarosiński, and Iva Janáková. "Application of pyrolysis residue from waste materials in black coal flotation." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 12, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-010-0020-3.

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Application of pyrolysis residue from waste materials in black coal flotation The paper deals with the verification of the floatability of pyrolytic oils, which were obtained through the pyrolysis of waste, namely mixed plastics, tyres and waste rubber in combination with black coal from Lazy Mine, and classical collector Montanol 551 in black coal flotation. Black coal from ČSA OKD, a.s. coal preparation plant was used for flotation tests. The results imply that it is possible to produce collectors from waste materials which may be applied in the flotation of black coal. Next, the paper focused on the identification of a suitable combination of pyrolytic oils and Montanol 551 in order to reach ash content in the concentrate below 10%.

40

Shao, Ai Jun, and Zhi Guang Li. "New Technologies of Purification and Utilization on Mine Water." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.543.

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China is a big country of coal production, in the coal mining process, the great massive mine drainage has caused not only the waste of groundwater resource, but also environmental pollution. On the other hand, mining production and life supply water is very scarce. According to the mine water features, the majority of mine drainage water belonging to the mine water containing suspended, the mine water needs to do the necessary purification then can be used. That purification mainly eliminates is the suspended. In this paper, the method of purification and the technological process about mine water are discussed. The main methods of handling are coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection. According to different characteristics of water quality, different ways of handling and technological processes have to be chosen. Finally, the purification and utilization of mine water are shown through practical examples, Pingdingshan Coal Group Company, Wannian Coal Mine of Fengfeng Group Limited Company and Tangshan Coal Mine of Kailuan Group Company, to have obvious social, economic and environmental benefits.

41

Liu, Ye Hui. "Design of Multi-Protocol Converter under Coal Mine Based S3C2440." Applied Mechanics and Materials 539 (July 2014): 563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.539.563.

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In recent years, China's coal industry accidents occur frequently, seriously affect the development of the coal industry, for the job site in the coal mine monitoring system installed several monitoring of coal mine production equipment to ensure safety and reliable operation of equipment. However, a plurality of building monitoring system meets some problems, such as reducing the waste of resources and production costs, and improve the level of safety management, the use of embedded technology designed S3c2440 based multi-protocol converter, prompting the original coal use different protocols and applications compatible with a variety of monitoring systems, monitoring of information data seamless transfer and access into the Ethernet switch, the status of the mine production equipment is transferred to the centralized control center for centralized management. This paper will be based on coal mine multi-protocol converter design S3c2440 detailed analysis and research.

42

Xu, Jing Jing, Bei Lei Wei, Yang Yu, and Ji Yong Zeng. "Experimental Investigation on Triclosan to Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 2654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2654.

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Microbial activities intensified the oxidation of sulfide and acidification of coal mine waste. We had an investigation on bactericidal effect of triclosan in this experiment, taking the pH, Eh, Fe2+oxidation rate, Fe2+concentration and oxidation inhibition rate as the indexes. The lab experiment shows that this bactericide is effective. When they were treated by 0.05 mmol/L triclosan, most of the acidthiobacillus ferroxidans were deactivated. Bactericide techmology could promote the revegetation of coal mine waste and reach the goal of controlling the source pollution.

43

Vuppaladadiyam, Sai Sree Varsha, Zenab Tariq Baig, Abdul F. Soomro, and Arun K. Vuppaladadiyam. "Characterisation of overburden waste and industrial waste products for coal mine rehabilitation." International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment 33, no. 8 (November 20, 2017): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2017.1386758.

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44

Li, Zhenghu, Junhui Zhang, Hui Chen, Xiuzhi Shi, Yanyang Zhang, and Yanjun Zhang. "A Safe and Efficient Mining Method with Reasonable Stress Release and Surface Ecological Protection." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 28, 2022): 5348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095348.

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Coal is an important basic energy source, widely distributed throughout the world, but resource abundance is uneven. Despite the need to develop and form new energy sources, coal energy maintains its dominant position. However, due to the uneven distribution and non-renewable nature of coal resources, the relationship between the supply and demand of coal resources is tight. The rational exploitation of coal and reducing resource mining wastes are particularly important at the present stage. The original mining method of the Zhangjiamao coal mine resulted in a large waste of coal resources. After replacing the “110 construction method”, the original advanced end-support was canceled, which saved a lot of process time and engineering costs and greatly improved the mine production efficiency. With an average mining depth of +300 m, the working face is in a safe and stable state, and the 110-mining process has little impact on surface subsidence. Its successful application provides a reference experience for other mines to promote resource-saving and efficient mining.

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Prokopenko, S. A., V. S. Ludzish, Yu V. Lesin, M. A. Tyulenev, and A. V. Sushko. "Structural Peculiarities of Coal Mine Waste Piles in Kuzbass." Journal of Mining Science 53, no. 1 (January 2017): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1062739117011896.

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46

Vidler, Andrew, Olivier Buzzi, and Stephen Fityus. "Effect of coal on mine tailings’ water permeability and water retention." E3S Web of Conferences 195 (2020): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019503004.

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For safe and efficient mining operations to occur the management of waste materials is required, which often takes the form of geotechnical structures constructed from this waste. The safe use of these structures requires a number of resources, one of these being sufficient information about the waste material properties. For example, the drying process of a tailings dam is predicted with the water retention and permeability of the tailings. When considering coal tailings, which are comprised of coal and mineral soil particles (typically), the presence of coal may be problematic. The localised hydrophobicity of coal molecules may have a unique effect on water permeability and retention; this is relevant to geotechnical analysis where hydrophilic behaviour is assumed. To explore the possible effect of localised hydrophobicity, mine tailings were obtained from a coal mine of the Hunter Valley, NSW, Australia, and the coal fraction was separated via density separation. After this, three materials were available: unchanged mine tailings and a coal and mineral fraction of tailings. The goal was to characterise the three materials and allow deeper insight on what effect the addition of coal has on retention and hydraulic properties. Characterization involved measuring particle size distribution, pore size distribution, soil water retention curve, and saturated water permeability. The results show that there are distinct differences in the water retention and permeability properties of each material, and a number of these differences could be explained by the differing particle/pore sizes observed in each material. However, the coal containing materials desaturated at low suctions (< 10 kPa) compared to the mineral fraction, which could not be explained by particle/pore size differences and points towards localised hydrophobicity as a possible cause.

47

Yang, Deng Pan, Jun Ou, and Xi Rong Guo. "Research on Water Monitoring System of Coal Mine Based on Ontology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 1923–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.1923.

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With the exploitation of coal, the water pollution is increasingly severe. The quality of waste water treatment becomes the key point to the sustaining exploitation of coal resources .According to the need of coal mine water monitoring, the water monitoring system based on internet of things is designed. The system contains: data collection, data transmission, data storage and data inference. By ontology, the model foundation and deduction of the monitor data are both carrying on to realize the intelligent management on the coal mine water.

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Sriningsih, Wahyu, Iskandar Iskandar, and Dyah Tjahyandari Suryaningtyas. "Utilizing fine coal waste as a topsoil substitute on mine reclamation." Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 9, no. 4 (July 1, 2022): 3595. http://dx.doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2022.094.3595.

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<h3 align="left"> </h3>Topsoil in post-mined land generally has a low fertility level. Its availability is not always in sufficient quantities to meet minimal needs for mine reclamation, so substitute materials and ameliorants are needed to increase its quantity and quality. Fine coal and fly ash-bottom ash (FABA) are wastes expected to reduce the demand for topsoil and, at the same time, may improve topsoil quality. This study aimed to examine the application of fine coal as a topsoil substitution and its effect on changes in the chemical properties of topsoil and the growth of jabonv (Anthocephalus chinensis). The study was conducted in a greenhouse with a completely randomized design model with two factors. The first factor was fine coal with four levels of 0, 10, 20, and 50% from the topsoil (w/w), and the second factor was FABA with three levels of 0, 500, 1000 g/15 kg of growing media. The jabon plant was grown for 24 weeks. The results showed that up to 50% fine coal could be used as a topsoil substitution. The interaction of fine coal and FABA increase pH, organic C, total N, cation exchange capacity, available P, base saturation, exchangeable cations, and micronutrients, and reduce the amount of exchangeable Al in the soil. FABA with a dose of 1000 g/15 kg of growing media and 50% fine coal was the best treatment to increase the growth of the jabon plant.

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Kray, Claudio Henrique, Marino José Tedesco, Carlos Alberto Bissani, Clesio Gianello, and Kelly Justin da Silva. "Tannery and coal mining waste disposal on soil." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 32, spe (December 2008): 2877–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832008000700035.

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Tannery residues and coal mine waste are heavily polluting sources in Brazil, mainly in the Southern States of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. In order to study the effects of residues of chrome leather tanning (sludge and leather shavings) and coal waste on soybean and maize crops, a field experiment is in progress since 1996, at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Experimental Station, county of Eldorado do Sul, Brazil. The residues were applied twice (growing seasons 1996/97 and 1999/00). The amounts of tannery residues were applied according to their neutralizing value, at rates of up to 86.8 t ha-1, supplying from 671 to 1.342 kg ha-1 Cr(III); coal waste was applied at a total rate of 164 t ha-1. Crop yield and dry matter production were evaluated, as well as the nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn) and Cr contents. Crop yields with tannery sludge application were similar to those obtained with N and lime supplied with mineral amendments. Plant Cr absorption did not increase significantly with the residue application. Tannery sludge can be used also to neutralize the high acidity developed in the soil by coal mine waste.

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Bauerek, Arkadiusz, Jean Diatta, Łukasz Pierzchała, Angelika Więckol-Ryk, and Alicja Krzemień. "Development of Soil Substitutes for the Sustainable Land Reclamation of Coal Mine-Affected Areas." Sustainability 14, no. 8 (April 12, 2022): 4604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084604.

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The main purpose of this paper was to outline a novel approach for the use of industrial by-products generated in coal mines and coal-fired power plants as the components for artificial soils. Several coal combustion by-products, coal mine waste and organic waste materials were tested at laboratory scale for use in the reclamation of areas degraded by coal mining activity. The role of artificial soils was the land rehabilitation of the high acidic waste heap. The results revealed that the amounts of organic matter (14.87–25.01%) and nutrients in the soil substitutes were sufficient to support plant growth, i.e., N (0.37–0.51%), P (0.23–0.47%), K (1.78–3.17%), Ca (4.93–8.39%) and Mg (1.16–1.71%). A phytotoxicity test using white mustard (Sinapis alba) seeds under laboratory conditions showed good germination results (56–66%) for three soil substitutes that did not contain fly ash from biomass combustion, compared to the reference soil (84%). The relationships established for the aqueous leachate parameters of soil substitutes vs. the Sinapis alba germination revealed negative correlations with electrical conductivity (r = −0.88), SO42− (r = −0.91) and Cl− (r = −0.70) ions; the two latter ones were responsible for the salinity which hampered the germination process of the soil substitutes. Moreover, quite similar correlations were obtained between the germination of Sinapis alba and the trace elements of the soil substitutes: Fe (r = −0.69), Cd (r = −0.72), Cu (r = −0.80), Pb (r = −0.78) and Zn (r = −0.74). However, negative and significant correlations in aqueous leachates were shown only with Ni concentration (r = −0.73). The relevance of these results for the effect of salinity on germination and the early growth of S. alba was discussed in detail and was confirmed with the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The study proved that the physicochemical characteristic of recycled wastes exhibited their potential usefulness for the reclamation of affected areas such as mine waste heaps.

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