Дисертації з теми "Coal gasification Waste disposal"
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Martin, R. Scott. "Chemchar gasification of radioactive, inorganic, and organic laden wastes /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9946277.
Повний текст джерелаMorlando, Rebecca A. "Chemchar gasification of metal-bearing wastes, chlorinated organics and doe surrogate wastes /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841325.
Повний текст джерелаGarrison, Kenneth E. "The evaluation of the Chemchar, Chemchar II, and Chemchar III gasification processes for the treatment of a variety of inorganic and organic laden wastes /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9988662.
Повний текст джерелаRezaee, Mohammad. "SUSTAINABLE DISPOSAL OF COAL PROCESSING WASTE STREAMS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/mng_etds/26.
Повний текст джерелаBushell, Andrew John. "Occurrence of trace elements in UK coals and their fate on gasification and disposal residues." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8518.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Jian 1957. "Pyrolysis and CO2 gasification of black liquor." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65338.
Повний текст джерелаSricharoenchaikul, Viboon. "Fate of carbon-containing compounds from gasification of kraft black liquor with subsequent catalytic conditioning of condensable organics." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10145.
Повний текст джерелаTrouillet-Richaud, Raphaelle. "Toxic emissions from the gasification and combustion of coal and biomass waste." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313145.
Повний текст джерелаSerage, Noah Magonagone. "Plasma gasification for converting municipal solid waste to energy." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20266.
Повний текст джерелаBasu, Kohinoor. "Feasibility of an Integrated Thin Seam Coal Mining and Waste Disposal System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9578.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Grimes, Janet A. "Economic and system feasibility study of municipal waste stowage in underground coal mines." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05092009-040521/.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Tian Fei. "Incineration characteristics of coal fired industrial wastes in grate and fluidised bed combustors." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310466.
Повний текст джерелаPonzio, Anna. "Thermally homogenous gasification of biomass/coal/waste for medium or high calorific value syngas production." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energi- och ugnsteknik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4902.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20100903
Ponzio, Anna. "Thermally homogeneous gasification of biomass/coal/waste for medium or high calorific value syngas production /." Stockholm : Industriell teknik och management, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4902.
Повний текст джерелаGosling, Christine. "Co-disposal of rejects from coal and sand mining operations in the Blue Mountains : a feasibility study /." View thesis, 1999. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030822.133548/index.html.
Повний текст джерелаAlbuquerque, Allwyn J. J. "Geoenvironmental aspects of coal refuse-fly ash blends /." This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12042009-020142/.
Повний текст джерелаGosling, Christine, University of Western Sydney, and School of Civic Engineering and Environment. "Co-disposal of rejects from coal and sand mining operations in the Blue Mountains : a feasibility study." THESIS_XXXX_CEE_Gosling_C.xml, 1999. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/824.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Engineering (Hons)
Guyemat, Mbourou Sarah Marielle. "Plastic waste gasification using a small scale IR reactor : experimental and modelling analysis." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2480.
Повний текст джерелаThe generation of municipal solid waste has increased significantly due to the exponential population growth and it has become a global issue. Gasification technology, an alternative method for waste treatment is a thermochemical process where carbon-based material are exposed to an environment deprived in oxygen, was used for this project. The aim of this thesis is to study the gasification of plastic waste which is a potential alternative energy source using infrared heaters. To achieve this goal, fundamental studies have been numerically and experimentally conducted for an infrared gasifier and subsequently establishing the temperature profile for gasification using a small scale reactor. A detailed study on low density polyethylene was conducted using Infrared Spectrometry and thermal decomposition techniques such as Thermogravimetry and Differential Scanning Calorimetry were performed to establish the temperature at which plastic pellets sample used for this research gasify. The gasification behaviour of pelletized low density polyethylene (plastic pellets) was tested and three case studies were done to evaluate the most suitable temperature profile for the reactor to gasify the low density polyethylene at high temperature for less amount of time. Subsequently, the reactor model was simulated and results validate the use of reactor at an optimum temperature of 800 °C for a gasification process with less residue content. The reactor designed for this research is fully functional and validates the temperature behaviour predicted during simulation. The experimental results show infrared heaters are suitable for gas production using this gasification process.
Muriithi, Grace Nyambura. "CO2 sequestration using brine impacted fly fish." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2786_1297918761.
Повний текст джерелаIt was hypothesized that South African FA and brine could sequester CO2 through mineral carbonation. A statistical approach was undertaken to optimize the % CaCO3 formed from FA/brine/CO2 interaction with input parameters of temperature, pressure, particle size and solid/liquid ratio (S/L) being varied. The ranges adopted for the input parameters were: temperature of 30 º
C or 90 º
C
pressure of 1 Mpa or 4 Mpa
four particle sizes namely bulk ash, >
150 &mu
m, <
20 &mu
m and 20 &mu
m- 150 &mu
m particle size range
S/L ratios of 0.1, 0.5 or 1. The FA/ brine dispersions were carbonated in a high pressure reactor varying the above mentioned input parameters. The fresh Secunda FA of various size fractions was characterized morphologically using scanning electron microscopy, chemically using X-ray fluorescence and mineralogically using qualitative X-ray diffraction. The carbonated solid residues on the other hand were characterized using quantitative X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetic analysis and Chittick tests. The raw brine from Tutuka together with the carbonation leachates were characterized using inductively coupled mass spectrometry and ion chromatography. Total acid digestion was carried out to evaluate the differences in the total elemental content in both the fresh ash and the carbonated solid residues. The results suggested that South African FA from Secunda belongs to class F based on the CaO content as well as the total alumina, silica and ferric oxide content, while the RO brine from Tutuka were classified as NaSO4 waters...
Adefeso, Ismail Babatunde. "Techno-economic analysis of a gasification system using refuse-derived fuel from municipal solid waste." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2753.
Повний текст джерелаThe search for alternatives to fossil fuel is necessary with a view to reducing the negative environmental impact of fossil fuel and most importantly, to exploit an affordable and secured fuel source. This study investigated the viability of municipal solid waste gasification for a fuel cell system. Potential solid fuels obtained from the study in the form of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) had high heating value (HHV) between 18.17 MJ/Kg - 28.91 MJ/Kg with energy density increased from 4142.07 MJ/m3 to 10735.80 MJ/m3. The molecular formulas of RDF derived from Ladies Smith drop-off site, Woodstock drop-off site and an average molecular formula of all thirteen municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal facilities were CH1.43O1.02, CH1.49O1.19, and CH1.50O0.86 respectively. The comparative ratios of C/H were in the range of 7.11 to 8.90. The Thermo Gravimetric Analysis showed that the dehydration, thermal decompositions, char combustions were involved in the production of gaseous products but flaming pyrolysis stage was when most tar was converted to syngas mixture. The simulation of RDF gasification allowed a prediction of the RDF gasification behaviour under various operating parameters in an air-blown downdraft gasifier. Optimum SFR (steam flowrate) values for RDF1, RDF2 and RDF3 were determined to be within these values 2.80, 2.50 and 3.50 and Optimum ER values for RDF1, RDF2 and RDF3 were also determined to be within these values 0.15, 0.04 and 0.08. These conditions produced the desired high molar ratio of H2/CO yield in the syngas mixture in the product stream. The molar ratios of H2/CO yield in the syngas mixture in the product stream for all the RDFs were between 18.81 and 20.16. The values of H2/CO satisfy the requirement for fuel cell application. The highest concentration of heavy metal was observed for Al, Fe, Zn and Cr, namely 16627.77 mg/Kg at Coastal Park (CP), 17232.37 mg/Kg at Killarney (KL), 235.01 mg/Kg at Tygerdal (TG), and 564.87 mg/Kg at Kraaifontein (KF) respectively. The results of quantitative economic evaluation measurements were a net return (NR) of $0.20 million, a rate of return on investment (ROI) of 27.88 %, payback time (PBP) of 2.30 years, a net present value (NPV) of $1.11 million and a discounted cash flow rate of return (DCFROR) of 24.80 % and 28.20 % respectively. The results of the economic evaluations revealed that some findings of the economic benefits of this system would be viable if costs of handling MSW were further quantified into the costs analysis. The viability of the costs could depend on government responsibility to accept costs of handling MSW.
Young, Christopher Michael. "Pressure Effects on Black Liquor Gasification." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11539.
Повний текст джерелаAlbuquerque, Allwyn J. "Geoenvironmental aspects of coal refuse-fly ash blends." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46095.
Повний текст джерелаThe separate land disposal of coal refuse and fly ash presents difficulties throughout
the Appalachian region, both in terms of disposal costs per acre and in terms of its potential
environmental impacts on soil, ground water, revegetation, and slope stability. The purpose
of this study was to determine how fly ash addition to coal refuse would impact on certain
geotechnical properties of the refuse disposal piles, and whether the refuse-fly ash blends
would be suitable as co-disposed materials. Accordingly, the compaction, permeability and
shear strength characteristics of the refuse-fly ash blends were experimentally determined for
varying fly ash percentages. The compaction test results indicated that, with increasing fly
ash, the maximum dry density of these blends marginally decreased. The permeability test
results showed that the permeability of the test specimens progressively decreased with the
increase in fly ash. The shear strength results demonstrated that the addition of fly ash did
not significantly influence the shear strength of the refuse. The critical factor of safety
determined during slope stability analysis revealed that the tested slope geometries were
stable for long term, drained conditions (using the STABGM computer program). The volume change analysis determined that there was a minimal expansion in the volume of
refuse when it was blended with fly ash. However, it may be noted that all the stated results
depend on a number offactors, including the nature of the refuse and fly ash used. Therefore,
these findings would be specific to bulk blends of coal refuse and fly ash only. In general,
this study indicates that fly ash can be beneficially reused with respect to the geotechnical
properties evaluated. Co-disposal of fly ash and coal refuse may be a reasonable alternative
to present disposal methods.
Master of Science
Stewart, Barry R. "Physical and chemical properties of coarse coal refuse from Southwest Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41626.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Rezaee, Mohammad. "Development of Strategies to Minimize the Release of Trace Elements from Coal Waste Sources." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/mng_etds/6.
Повний текст джерелаStewart, Barry Robert. "Physical and chemical properties of coarse coal refuse from Southwest Virginia." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03142009-040755/.
Повний текст джерелаPatel, Nikhil. "Studies On The Combustion And Gasification Of Concentrated Distillery Effluent." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/274.
Повний текст джерелаSchrier, Loren Clare. "Identification of by-products and investigation into the dechlorination mechanism of the Chemchar cocurrent flow gasification process by gas chromatography-mass selective detection /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9904867.
Повний текст джерелаTrademark symbol follows Chemchar in title. Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 130). Also available on the Internet.
Nelson, Gregory Douglas. "Contesting Risk, Expertise, and Environmental Justice on the Fenceline: The Cases of the Navajo Nation, Radford Arsenal, and Camp Minden." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72948.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Gurai, Chaitamwari. "Gasification kinetics of blends of waste tyre and typical South African coals / Chaitamwari Gurai." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15278.
Повний текст джерелаMIng (Chemical Engineering), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
Parvez, A. M., Iqbal M. Mujtaba, C. Pang, E. H. Lester, and T. Wu. "Effect of the addition of different waste carbonaceous materials on coal gasification in CO2 atmosphere." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/8280.
Повний текст джерелаIn order to evaluate the feasibility of using CO2 as a gasifying agent in the conversion of carbonaceous materials to syngas, gasification characteristics of coal, a suite of waste carbonaceous materials, and their blends were studied by using a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). The results showed that CO2 gasification of polystyrene completed at 470 °C, which was lower than those of other carbonaceous materials. This behaviour was attributed to the high volatile content coupled with its unique thermal degradation properties. It was found that the initial decomposition temperature of blends decreased with the increasing amount of waste carbonaceous materials in the blends. In this study, results demonstrated that CO2 co-gasification process was enhanced as a direct consequence of interactions between coal and carbonaceous materials in the blends. The intensity and temperature of occurrence of these interactions were influenced by the chemical properties and composition of the carbonaceous materials in the blends. The strongest interactions were observed in coal/polystyrene blend at the devolatilisation stage as indicated by the highest value of Root Mean Square Interaction Index (RMSII), which was due to the highly reactive nature of polystyrene. On the other hand, coal/oat straw blend showed the highest interactions at char gasification stage. The catalytic effect of alkali metals and other minerals in oat straw, such as CaO, K2O, and Fe2O3, contributed to these strong interactions. The overall CO2 gasification of coal was enhanced via the addition of polystyrene and oat straw.
Van, Rooyen Kenneth Carl. "An integrated method of coal discard and slurry disposal to reduce the environmental impact from coal residue." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9126.
Повний текст джерелаCoal mined in South Africa for the competitive international market, has to be selected to meet the many quality specifications of customers. This upgrading is done by washing the coal in a heavy medium separation plant. Marketable coal, discard and slurry are produced from this washing. Discard consists mainly of poor quality coal, carbonaceous shale and waste rock. Iron pyrite (FeS2) occurs in all of the above in higher concentrations than in the marketable coal. Both the carbonaceous materials and pyrites generate heat when oxidizing. If this oxidation is not arrested at an early stage on a discard dump and the temperature of the dump increases above BOoC, spontaneous combustion is quite likely. The South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) has estimated that smouldering discard dumps in the Eastern Transvaal highveld region contribute approximately 400 000 tons of S02 per annum to the atmospheric pollution in that area. As a result, significant localized acid rain occurs, Louw (1990). The oxidation of iron pyrites to sulphuric acid, and the oxidation of other trace elements, is accelerated under the high temperature conditions generated by spontaneous combustion. Leaching of these oxidation products results in local groundwater and surface water contamination. This study describes different disposal technique and pilot study aimed at minimising the oxidation within the dumps. Slurry, which consists of discard and/or coal of less than 1 mm in diameter is co-deposited with discard in sequential layers of approximately 200 mm thick. This has resulted in reducing the permeability, porosity and air and water exchange within the dump. This in turn has led to a reduction in spontaneous combustion, pollution and costs. A visual increase in stability of the discard dumps, moisture content and operational ease of placement were experienced. The saleable value of the dump as a low value heat source is also preserved.
England, Trevor. "The development of binderless, smokeless briquettes from bituminous colliery waste." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22763.
Повний текст джерелаSuperfines of less than 200 micron are generated when mining coal. They have not been successfully beneficiated in the past and are not acceptable to the consumer. A processh as been developed whereby the superfines are beneficiated, briquetted without the use of binders and devolatilised to produce a premium smokeless briquette which will attract a premium price in the export market. [Abbreviated abstract. Open document to view full version]
MT2017
Chwialkowski, Natalia Ewa. "Novel approaches in determining baseline information on annual disposal rates and trace element content of U.S. coal combustion residues : a response to EPA’s June 2010 proposed disposal rule." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-12-2386.
Повний текст джерелаtext
Qureshi, Asif. "Co-disposal of waste rock and lignite fly ash to mitigate the environmental impact of coal mining." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60261.
Повний текст джерела"Development of a pilot scale black liquor gasifier." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2754.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2005.
Li, Minsheng. "Life-cycle inventory (LCI) development for a solid waste/coal blend gasification system for production of power and chemicals." 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07072002-163217/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHarper, Elizabeth J. (Elizabeth Joy). "Optimization of capillary trapping of CO��� sequestration in saline aquifers." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35359.
Повний текст джерелаGraduation date: 2013
Ramagoma, Mbavhalelo Justice. "Coal fly ash waste management challenges in the South African power generation sector and possible recycling opportunities: a case study of Hendrina and Kendal power stations." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/25871.
Повний текст джерелаSouth Africa will be dependent on coal for power generation for many decades to come, before a complete transition is achieved where more energy will be generated from non-fossil fuel sources. Through case studies of Hendrina and Kendal Power Stations, this study explored how the management of fly ash (FA) waste in South Africa can be improved to minimise its impact on the environment and human health and examined the potential recycling applications that can benefit local communities. The study drew insights from an environmental justice framework to examine the pollution impacts that FA is exposing to the local community. The environmental justice theory is based on the principle that all people have a right to live in an environment that enhances their wellbeing. Empirical evidence obtained from local community’s in-depth interviews revealed that FA is impacting on the health of communities by exposing them to respiratory and other illnesses and it is also affecting their livelihoods which primarily involves farming. A just transition theory was employed to examine potential socio economic opportunities that can be derived from FA recycling to fulfil redistributive measures that can reduce inequality and eradicate poverty in local communities. Some of Eskom’s power stations like Hendrina are nearing the end of their lifespan since their commissioning in the 1960’s and 1970’s. To aid a just transition, ash recycling was found to have the potential to address the socio economic situation of the power station’s employees and the local communities. The study found that local communities generally lack knowledge about coal ash recycling and need to be empowered and supported to partake in ash recycling ventures. The study argues that a shift in the ash recycling regime is needed in order to benefit local communities and facilitate a just transition to a clean energy production.
MT 2018
Carlin, Nicholas T. "Optimum usage and economic feasibility of animal manure-based biomass in combustion systems." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-05-759.
Повний текст джерелаMbugua, John Mwai. "Hydrogeochemical modeling of the speciation and leaching of fly ash co-disposed with water, brines and organics : a case study of Sasol-Eskom coal ash disposal, South Africa." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10174.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2012.