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Статті в журналах з теми "Co-Optimisation"
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Guan, X. "Supersonic wing-body wave drag co-ordinated optimisation based on FCE methodology." Aeronautical Journal 118, no. 1209 (November 2014): 1359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000010010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Wave drag reduction is important for the aerodynamic performance optimisation of supersonic cruise aircrafts, such as the supersonic civil transport and the supersonic cruise missile. In this paper a method of the supersonic wing-body wave drag optimisation, the wave drag co-optimisation based on far-field composite elements (CoFCE), is proposed based on class-shape-transformation (CST) parameterisation. Wave drag optimisation cases of a supersonic civil transport wing-body are presented, including the optimisation results and computation cost analyses. It is suggested that the supersonic wing-body wave drag can be significantly reduced by the proposed method with relatively small numbers of design parameter. In the optimisation case presented in this paper a 45% wave drag reduction is achieved. The wave drag optimised configuration also achieved significant lift to drag ratio improvements in small angles-of-attack supersonic cruise flight conditions.
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Kumar, K. C. Hari, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, and L. Delaey. "Thermodynamic optimisation of the Co–Nb system." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 267, no. 1-2 (March 1998): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388(97)00465-9.
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Yang, Liunan, Massimiliano Gobbi, Gianpiero Mastinu, Giorgio Previati, and Federico Ballo. "Multi-Disciplinary Optimisation of Road Vehicle Chassis Subsystems." Energies 15, no. 6 (March 16, 2022): 2172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062172.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two vehicle chassis design tasks were solved by decomposition-based multi-disciplinary optimisation (MDO) methods, namely collaborative optimisation (CO) and analytical target cascading (ATC). A passive suspension system was optimised by applying both CO and ATC. Multiple parameters of the spring and damper were selected as design variables. The discomfort, road holding, and total mass of the spring–damper combination were the objective functions. An electric vehicle (EV) powertrain design problem was considered as the second test case. Energy consumption and gradeability were optimised by including the design of the electric motor and the battery pack layout. The standard single-level all-in-one (AiO) multi-objective optimisation method was compared with ATC and CO methods. AiO methods showed some limitations in terms of efficiency and accuracy. ATC proved to be the best choice for the design problems presented in this paper, since it provided solutions with good accuracy in a very efficient way. The proposed investigation on MDO methods can be useful for designers, to choose the proper optimisation approach, while solving complex vehicle design problems.
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Wejnerowska, Grażyna, and Anna Ciaciuch. "Optimisation of oil extraction from quinoa seeds with supercritical carbon dioxide with co-solvents." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 36, No. 1 (February 28, 2018): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/122/2017-cjfs.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the present work supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide was performed to obtain oil from quinoa seeds. The effects of extraction variables – namely pressure, temperature, time, particle size, and co-solvent, on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction are investigated. Total extraction yields and compositions using pure CO<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> + selected co-solvents are compared. The maximum recovery for quinoa oil is found to be about 89%, and is obtained when extractions are carried out at 25 MPa, 40°C for 80 minutes. A significant effect on the oil recovery is exerted by size reduction of seeds to a particle size ≤ 0.50 mm and addition of co-solvent to seed in an amount of 20% – methanol/ethanol (1 : 1, w/w). Irrespective of the extraction method and conditions, the fatty acid composition is not substantially changed.
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Kim, H. J., J. Shin, S. Kang, S. J. Kim, and M. J. Tahk. "Ionic electroactive polymer control using co-evolutionary optimisation." Electronics Letters 43, no. 16 (2007): 859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20071315.
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Kianifar, Mohammed Reza, and Felician Campean. "Global Optimisation of Car Front-End Geometry to Minimise Pedestrian Head Injury Levels." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 2873–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.294.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe paper presents a multidisciplinary design optimisation strategy for car front-end profile to minimise head injury criteria across pedestrian groups. A hybrid modelling strategy was used to simulate the car- pedestrian impact events, combining parametric modelling of front-car geometry with pedestrian models for the kinematics of crash impact. A space filling response surface modelling strategy was deployed to study the head injury response, with Optimal Latin Hypercube (OLH) Design of Experiments sampling and Kriging technique to fit response models. The study argues that the optimisation of the front-end car geometry for each of the individual pedestrian models, using evolutionary optimisation algorithms is not an effective global optimization strategy as the solutions are not acceptable for other pedestrian groups. Collaborative Optimisation (CO) multidisciplinary design optimisation architecture is introduced instead as a global optimisation strategy, and proven that it can enable simultaneous minimisation of head injury levels for all the pedestrian groups, delivering a global optimum solution which meets the safety requirements across the pedestrian groups.
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Azizul, Nurul Husna, Hermizi Hapidin, Hasmah Abdullah, Maryam Azlan, Ahmad Azlina, and Ima Nirwana Soelaiman. "Optimisation of Human Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts Co-Culture Model." Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine 6, S1 (November 9, 2022): 78–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.535.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Osteoblasts (OBs) and Osteoclasts (OCs) are two main specialised cells involved in the bone-remodeling process which are responsible for new bone formation and aged bone resorption respectively [1]. However, these cells do not act independent of each other since several communication pathways have been identified between them [2]. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) are mainly produced by OBs in the bone play a central role in OCs differentiation (osteoclastogenesis) [3]. Therefore, OBs/OCs co-culture has provided a new approach for studying bone diseases in vitro since the cellular environment is closer to in vivo environment compared to monoculture [4]. However, establishment of OBs/OCs co-culture model are often time consuming. A study concluded that optimal osteoclast differentiation is between 9 and 16 days with M-CSF and RANKL stimulation [5]. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the optimal time-point for osteoclastogenesis in OBs/OCs co-culture without external stimulation to establish a novel, reliable and replicable human OBs/OCs co-culture system.
Human foetal osteoblastic cell (hFOBs 1.19) was used as the source of OBs while human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was used as the source of OCs. PBMCs were isolated from the blood of healthy donors after going through density centrifugation process. OBs were maintained in a T25 culture flask until 90% confluency. Three thousand cells/well of OBs was seeded in the 6 well plate. After 3 days, 1500 cells/well of PBMCs were directly added to OBs. Tartrate-resistance acid phosphate (TRAP) staining was conducted using a TRAP staining kit to validate the OCs maturation after 9 to16 days of co-culture. Quantitative analysis of TRAP activity in culture supernatants was measured using microplate reader at 540 nm optical density (OD).
Qualitative examination of OBs/OCs co-culture after 9 days of co-culture showed reddish appearance indicating TRAP-positive cells (Figure 1). This validates the differentiation of PBMCs into mature functioning OCs at day 9 of cultivation without any external stimulation. However, TRAP-positive cells are the most abundant at day 11 of co-culture. This is supported by quantitative analysis of TRAP activity in the co-culture supernatant which exhibited the peak of the TRAP activity at day 11 (Figure 2). A longer cultivation period did not improve TRAP activity. In previous report, TRAP-positive cells were observed at day 14 of co-culture without any artificial inducer [6]. However, in this study TRAP-positive cells already presence after 9 days of co-culture and the most abundance at day 11. This might be different depending on the cell concentration and size of the culture flask or well plate used.
This study demonstrates that OCs differentiation of PBMC could be reached after 9 days of co-culture. However, the optimum OBs/OCs co-culture duration was determined at 11 days since the TRAP-positive cells were more abundance and TRAP activity in the supernatant was higher. The longer co-culture period did not increase the TRAP-positive cells and TRAP activity. Therefore, a reliable bone cell co-culture system capable of mimicking the bone-remodelling process in humans could be achieved after 11 days of co-culture with 3000 cells/well of OBs and 1500 cells/well of PBMCs in 6 well plate.
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Gao, Yichen, Ming Zhao, and Xiaoyu Song. "Parameter co-evolution mechanism of particle swarm optimisation algorithm." International Journal of Simulation and Process Modelling 15, no. 3 (2020): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijspm.2020.10029339.
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Zhao, Ming, Xiaoyu Song, and Yichen Gao. "Parameter co-evolution mechanism of particle swarm optimisation algorithm." International Journal of Simulation and Process Modelling 15, no. 3 (2020): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijspm.2020.107327.
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Rashid, A. N. M. Bazlur, and Tonmoy Choudhury. "Cooperative Co-Evolution and MapReduce." International Journal of Information Technology Project Management 12, no. 1 (January 2021): 29–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitpm.2021010102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Real-word large-scale optimisation problems often result in local optima due to their large search space and complex objective function. Hence, traditional evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are not suitable for these problems. Distributed EA, such as a cooperative co-evolutionary algorithm (CCEA), can solve these problems efficiently. It can decompose a large-scale problem into smaller sub-problems and evolve them independently. Further, the CCEA population diversity avoids local optima. Besides, MapReduce, an open-source platform, provides a ready-to-use distributed, scalable, and fault-tolerant infrastructure to parallelise the developed algorithm using the map and reduce features. The CCEA can be distributed and executed in parallel using the MapReduce model to solve large-scale optimisations in less computing time. The effectiveness of CCEA, together with the MapReduce, has been proven in the literature for large-scale optimisations. This article presents the cooperative co-evolution, MapReduce model, and associated techniques suitable for large-scale optimisation problems.
Дисертації з теми "Co-Optimisation"
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Corner, Philip Anthony. "Pharmaceutical co-crystals : screening optimisation, utility and performance." Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12427/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Co-crystallisation is currently a ‘hot topic’ in pharmaceutical development among other fields. Modification of the physicochemical properties of the parent material by inclusion of a second component within the crystal structure, with the potential to lead to large improvements in useful attributes, being the key reason for the interest in co-crystals. Being able to efficiently utilise co-crystallisation to ameliorate problem properties of drugs or other compounds would be a boon to many industries, the pharmaceutical being an ideal example. Limitations in current ability to predict co-crystal formation and potential property modification presents a great opportunity for development in this research area. The work presented in this thesis encompasses the optimisation of a high-throughput ultrasonication based physical co-crystal screen paired with a computational pre-screen, the application of this optimised screen and the analysis of both co-crystalline and co-amorphous materials resulting from the screening. An initial optimisation of a manual physical co-crystal screen was later transferred to an automated screen implemented on a robotics platform. The implementation of the screen and subsequent analysis of products led to the discovery of the stabilisation of an amorphous form of highly polymorphic compound, ROY, through a predicted co-former interaction. The interactions responsible for the stabilisation were further investigated in the ROY:pyrogallol co-amorphous material and it was found that certain analogues of pyrogallol exhibit the same behaviour with ROY depending on the presence and position of specific functionality. Implementation of the optimised co-crystal screen to the antiprotozoal drug ornidazole led to the detection of 23 hits and the crystal structure of the 1:1 co-crystal of ornidazole and 5nitroisophthalic acid being determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Characterisation of this co-crystal found that it crystallised much more readily than pure ornidazole, potentially improving its processing characteristics, but that unexpectedly had a lower intrinsic dissolution rate than either of the parent components. In comparison, formulation and characterisation of the already known zafirlukast:piperazine co-crystals showed that large improvements in dissolution rates and oral bioavailability in relation to the parent drug are possible. Specifically, the 1:1 zafirlukast:piperazine co-crystal showed a large increase in dissolution rate in vitro and an accompanying six-fold increase in in vivo oral bioavailability.
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Scholey, D. W. "Optimisation of distillery co-products for poultry feed." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2012. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/144/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
EU legislation has led to an almost ten-fold increase in bioethanol production between 2003 and 2011. The current distillery co-product, distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS), is fed primarily to cattle due to the high fibre content but differentiation of the co-product stream would allow penetration of the large monogastric feed sector. The aim of this project was to evaluate a novel separation process producing a high protein yeast protein concentrate (YPC) from DDGS, and assess the potential of this product as a feed ingredient for poultry. A pilot plant study modelling the process confirmed the variability of the stillage, but highlighted the viability of the process for ameliorating some of these differences. Inter-batch variability was reduced from 10% to 1.2% in terms of protein content but dry matter content still varied by more than 8%, due to fibre contamination. The batches of yeast cream with increased fibre content had significantly reduced drying rates, from 37.3mg/min to 23.6mg/min, due to the larger particle sizes included. Additionally, the increased range of particle size introduced by fibre contamination would lead to product separation with detrimental implications for transport and handling of the dried product. It is vital to have measurements of amino acid content and digestibility for any new feed ingredient to ensure accurate feed formulation. Amino acid digestibility was measured in vivo in broiler chicks for five YPCs from potable and bioethanol sources produced using three drying technologies. Amino acid digestibility coefficients (COD) were significantly better for bioethanol produced YPC than potable (bioethanol 0.73 and 0.63 compared with 0.58 and 0.52 for potable). This is likely to be due to the addition of exogenous enzymes during the bioethanol process resulting in reduction of some of the detrimental effects of non-starch polysaccharides. Drying methodology affected both total amino acid content and digestible amino acid content, with spray drying being the least damaging method (COD 0.73 and 0.58) and ring drying the most damaging (COD 0.39). Lysine was particularly damaged during the heating process; reducing in total content from approximately 5% of protein to 2.3% of protein for ring dried material. Freeze dried YPC samples (COD 0.63 and 0.52) may have been negatively affected by the presence of fibre in the YPC due to processing inconsistencies. In terms of bird performance, bioethanol freeze dried YPC inclusion improved weight gain (p=0.003) and feed intake (p=0.006) compared with potable, again likely due to the enzyme addition during the bioethanol process. This was confirmed by the measured digesta viscosity increase in birds fed diets with increasing potable YPC inclusion (p=0.073). Spray dried YPC did not significantly affect FCR up to 20% inclusion, but both intake and bodyweight gain reduced with rate of inclusion. This may be attributed to spray drying producing a small particle size which increases feeding time and can increase viscosity, as was shown in this project (viscosity of spray dried YPC increased with RoI p=0.031). Ring dried YPC was incorporated into pelleted diets and therefore gave the best performance results. FCR for bioethanol YPC was improved from 1.68 for freeze dried material included at 9% of total diet to 1.4 for ring dried material at a higher rate of 12.5% of total diet. Finally the potential of YPC as a source of available phosphorus was considered, by assessing foot ash content of birds fed diets containing varying YPC levels. Increasing rate of YPC inclusion increased foot ash from 17.3% to 18.5% at 20% inclusion (p=0.031). YPC replaced 35% of supplemental phosphorus in chick diets with no significant effects on bone mineralization. The novel YPC from bioethanol distilleries appears to be a viable protein source for chicks at low inclusion levels (less than 6%). In pelleted diets the inclusion level could rise to 17.5% with no detrimental effects on bird performance. Additionally, YPC provides a source of available phosphorus, reducing the need for supplemental phosphorus in chick diets. The most appropriate drying method appears to be ring drying if care is taken to reduce residence time and heat damage. However there is substantial scope for further improvement of both the process and product as a feed ingredient for poultry.
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Camino, Jean-Thomas. "Co-optimisation charge utile satellite et système télécom." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30401.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'augmentation continue des besoins en télécommunications dans notre société se traduit par une suite de défis technologiques pour les systèmes fournissant ce type de services, qu'il s'agisse de télédiffusion, de téléphonie, ou bien d'échange de données. Les satellites de télécommunications sont ainsi particulièrement concernés par ce besoin d'innover, à la fois sur les technologies mises en orbite, mais aussi et surtout au niveau de l'exploitation de ces ressources embarquées. Sur ce dernier point, pour une mission de télécommunications définie précisément en termes de zone à servir, de type, de quantité et de qualité de service à fournir, il faut effectivement être capable de dimensionner de la manière la plus adéquate possible la charge utile du satellite de télécommunications, sous les différentes contraintes auxquelles elle est soumise : masse, volume, coût, et consommation énergétique des équipements embarqués. Cette thèse développe ainsi une approche algorithmique pour un tel dimensionnement dans le cas particulier des systèmes de télécommunications dits "multifaisceaux". Une procédure d'optimisation globale de ces systèmes satellitaires est ainsi proposée. Elle repose sur une décomposition en un ensemble de problèmes mathématiques interconnectés dont les complexités respectives, réduites par rapport au problème global, permettent d'espérer des solutions algorithmiques efficaces. Ce travail a permis d'exhiber deux problèmes phares dans ce dimensionnement de la charge utile satellite, adressés par l'angle de la recherche opérationnelle : l'optimisation du placement de faisceaux, et l'optimisation de plans de fréquences. Ce premier problème de placement de faisceaux sous contraintes de charge utile a été l'occasion de proposer des méthodologies inédites de gestion des contraintes en norme euclidienne sur des variables continues pour les problèmes mixtes non-linéaires non-convexes. Ces techniques ont alors été appliquées avec succès au sein de solutions à ce premier problème qui s'appuient pleinement sur la programmation linéaire mixte. Dans un deuxième temps, une exploitation novatrice de certaines propriétés du clustering en k-moyennes est proposée et permet de simplifier ces modèles mathématiques et ainsi accélérer l'optimisation du placement des faisceaux. Ces algorithmes de programmation mathématique sont ensuite confrontés à une heuristique gloutonne randomisée également développée dans le cadre de ces travaux. Le deuxième problème central de dimensionnement identifié au cours de ces travaux de thèse est la définition de plans de fréquences. Il s'agit d'une allocation de ressource disponible à bord du satellite aux différents faisceaux de ce dernier, tels qu'ils ont été définis dans le problème précédent de placement de faisceaux. Avec un objectif de minimisation du nombre d'un certain type d'équipement à embarquer dans la charge utile satellite, on cherche à satisfaire la mission de télécommunications qui s'exprime en une demande de chaque utilisateur au sol. Ce problème complexe a lui-même donné lieu à une décomposition en deux sous-problèmes d'allocation de fréquences, puis d'allocation d'équipements de la charge utile, qui sont traités par programmation par contraintes et programmation linéaire en nombres entiers, en exploitant des résultats théoriques qui servent à la fois à la modélisation des problèmes, mais aussi à leur résolutionThe continuous growth in telecommunication needs in our society translates into a series of technical challenges for the systems that provide such services, whether it is television broadcasting, telephone, or data exchange. The telecommunication satellites are particularly concerned by this need for innovation, both on the embarked technologies but also on the way the resulting resources are exploited for the end users. On the latter point, for a telecommunication mission defined precisely in terms of service zone, type, quantity and quality of service, one has to be able to size as adequately as possible the telecommunication satellite payload, under the several constraints it is subject to: mass, volume, cost, and power consumption of the embarked hardware. This thesis develops an algorithmic approach for a such a sizing in the particular case of the telecommunication systems that are said to be "multi-beam". A global optimization process of these satellite system is proposed. It relies on a decomposition into a set of mathematical problems whose respective complexities, reduced with respect to the original problem, allow to reasonably aim for efficient algorithmic solutions. This work allowed to identify two key problems in this satellite payload sizing, addressed through an operations research angle: the beam layout optimization and the frequency plan optimization. This first beam layout problem under payload constraints has been an occasion to propose novel ways to handle Euclidean norm constraints on continuous variables for non-convex non-linear mixed programs. These techniques have been then successfully applied in for the generation of solutions to this first problem that fully exploits the mixed integer linear programming formalism. Then, a novel exploitation of some of the properties of the k-means clustering has been proposed as it allows to simplify these mathematical models and therefore accelerate the beam layout optimization. These mathematical programming algorithms have been then compared to a greedy heuristic developed during this thesis work. The second central sizing problem that has been identified is the frequency plan definition. It consists in a resource allocation of on-board satellite resources to the several beams that have been defined in the preceding beam layout optimization problem. With an objective of minimizing the number of a certain type of hardware to be embarked on the payload, the satisfaction of the telecommunication mission defined by an individual demand of all the end users on the ground is aimed. This complex problem itself lead to a decomposition into two sub-problems of frequency and on-board payload hardware allocation, that are treated with constraints programming and integer linear programming, exploiting theoretical results that are useful both at the problem modeling and problem solving levels
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Pichot, Antoine. "Co-allocation de ressources distribuées : architectures, protocoles, optimisation." Phd thesis, Paris, ENST, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003806.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les applications de calcul intensif nécessitent de plus en plus de ressources. Ces ressources distribuées bien qu'appartenant à des entités juridiques et administratives différentes doivent être associées logiquement temporairement pour constituer une infrastructure virtuelle afin de résoudre un problème scientifique ou fournir un service donné. Une telle infrastructure virtuelle et le réseau sous jacent est appelée une grille. Les modèles actuels d'exploitation des grilles ne permettent pas de coallouer les ressources et n'offre pas une qualité de service prenant en compte les contraintes réseaux et applicatives. Cette thèse fourni une vision de l'état de l'art en matière de Co-allocation. Différentes architectures sont considérés: les Web Services, l'architecture IP Multimedia Subsystem et Generalized Multi-protocol Label Switching. Des extensions aux logiciels de gestion des grilles, ainsi qu'à ces trois architectures sont proposées. Dans un second temps, nous étudions plus en détail le cœur du système de Co-allocation: le protocole de communication entre l'ordonnanceur de la grille et les ordonnanceurs locaux. Enfin, des algorithmes modélisant l'utilisation des ressources de calcul et des ressources réseaux sont proposés pour déterminer quel est la meilleure interaction possible entre le gestionnaire de ressource réseau et celui des ressources de calcul. Un algorithme de Co-allocation est proposé pour améliorer l'efficacité du système. Un modèle analytique est proposé pour prédire et comprendre les performances, des simulations ont permis de vérifier la validité du modèle et des résultatsNew computing applications require nowadays a physical distribution of computing resources. These geographically distributed resources belonging to different organizations must be associated logically in order to solve cooperatively a given problem or to provide a given service. The virtual infrastructure corresponding to the set of these distributed and remote resources and to the inherent underlying networking facilities is called a Grid. Present models do not enable network and other resources such as computing or storage to be co-allocated on demand, nor do they guarantee the Quality of Service. The aim of this thesis is first to provide a review of the state of the art on co-allocation. For that purpose, various environments such as Web Services distributed resources management systems, IP Multimedia Subsystem and Generalized Multi-protocol Label Switching architecture are considered. We propose extensions to existing Grid toolkits, WS, IMS and GMPLS for dynamic resource co-allocation provisioning. The suitability of each of these approaches for Grid services provisioning is investigated and compared to the other alternatives. We then analyze a WS based protocol between a global resource coordinator (Grid Scheduler) and local resources managers (local schedulers). Algorithms are proposed to model the possible interactions between the grid scheduler, the network resource manager and the local schedulers. A co-allocation algorithm is proposed to improve the efficiency as seen by the end user and the resource providers. An analytical model is proposed to predict and understand the performance; simulations are run to verify the validity of the model and the results
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Sandberg, Peter. "Optimisation and co-operative perspectives on industrial energy systems /." Linköping : Univ, 2004. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2004/tek913s.pdf.
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Obhielo, Esgeboria. "Synthesis, characterisation and optimisation of novel adsorbents for CO₂ capture." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2015. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24838.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, a suite of novel CO₂ capture sorbents were prepared employing three facile synthetic routes: amine assimilation (co-synthesis), wet impregnation and in situ-impregnation synthesis, to develop a range of materials capable of efficiently adsorbing CO₂ while demonstrating their applicability as alternative materials for CO₂ capture from coal and gas fired power plants via post-combustion carbon capture. Prepared sorbents were characterised for individual physical and chemical properties, using, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analyses and N₂ sorption at 77 K. CO₂capture capacities were determined using gravimetric analysis under a range of analysis conditions (different temperature and pressure), with the corresponding effects of materials characteristics on CO₂ capacities investigated. The effect of amine incorporation was explored in detail, with findings first bench-marked against the corresponding amine free counterparts, and, then, the effect of increasing amine content analysed. So far, within the context of this study, results suggest that materials prepared via the synthetic routes adopted, exhibit high degrees of synthetic control; in addition, CO₂ capture capacities were determined to be dependent upon both textural properties but, more importantly, the basic nitrogen functionalities contained within these materials. This observation was prominent with amine in-situ impregnated silica and melamine resorcinol formaldehyde samples, but not wholly for bio-inspired amine silica samples, as the degree of amine functionalisation could not be controlled by the synthetic route chosen. Irrespective, all materials have shown enhanced adsorption performance as a result of the incorporation of basic nitrogen functionalities into the sorbent structures. Furthermore, prepared materials exhibited easy regeneration and maintained stable sorption capacities ≤ 99.9% over the cycles analysed, with results obtained suggesting new strategies for carbon capture materials development for efficient CO₂ capture from power plant flue gas and other relevant applications.
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Barrett, Colin Ronald Benjamin. "Co-designing software abstraction and optimisation for productivity and performance." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/codesigning-software-abstraction-and-optimisation-for-productivity-and-performance(1a567441-978e-4b91-a613-1af723fe5251).html.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Improving the execution time of applications is important, but there is a tendency to sacrifice programmability in its pursuit. This thesis investigates co-design approaches, in which APIs provide an abstraction that is strictly maintained using sound software engineering practices while performance is optimised within a managed runtime environment. Flexibility in APIs and weak encapsulation often results in hand-optimisation that restricts the effectiveness of performance improvements and obfuscates functionality. Domain specific applications contain semantics that general purpose languages cannot exploit during compilation. Hand-optimisation addresses this by manually improving the implementation of applications, requiring both expertise and time. Two application domains are used to demonstrate approaches for exploiting semantics to improve performance; MapReduce parallelism and SLAM in computer vision. Creating correct parallel software is challenging and, thus, frameworks have been developed to exploit the available performance of commodity hardware. MapReduce is a popular programming framework to facilitate the development of data analytics applications. Implementations hide the complexities of data management, scheduling and fault tolerance from users; as MapReduce frameworks evolve, new specialisations and optimisations are introduced. However, improvements often require manual integration into applications to enable performance gains. Hand-optimisation may be used because the semantics of the underlying abstraction or the scope of the compiler are unsuitable. This thesis demonstrates that the semantics of MapReduce may be used to extend the scope of the dynamic compiler. By analysing applications using a MapReduce framework with co-designed optimisation, it is possible to execute these applications in Java in a comparative time to hand-optimised C and C++. The benefits also include improved efficiency of memory management and reduction in the volume of the intermediate data generated. Hence, it is possible to speedup Java application performance twofold. Most importantly, it does not require any extension or rewriting of existing applications. Computer vision, SLAM in particular, contains a mix of regular and irregular vector operations. These are not addressed directly, for this domain, by existing abstractions because many of the data types used represent small vectors (2-7 elements). An array is the natural choice to contain the elements of a vector, but it is not optimal for performance or productivity. This thesis presents a new class collection for small vectors in Java using sound software engineering practice. By co-designing the data-level implementation with its interaction with the dynamic compiler, overheads introduced by the strict API have been eliminated during optimisation. This results in kernels, frequently used in SLAM applications, with improved performance relative to a popular C++ SLAM library. In addition to this, it is possible to demonstrate how the small vector implementation may exploit SIMD instructions and registers to improve performance further. When programmability is prioritised, performance should not be obtained by hand-optimisation because this tends to obfuscate application code. To compensate for this restriction, co-design approaches can extend the communication of application semantics. This thesis demonstrates that there is the potential for co-designed optimisations crossing abstraction boundaries for better performance without affecting productivity.
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Nwosu, Nkem O. E. "Optimisation of electroless co-deposited solid oxide fuel cell electrodes." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2013. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/6448.
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Research already carried out on the use of the recently patented electroless nickel ceramic codeposition technique as a method of manufacturing solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrodes has thus far indicated that, while functional electrodes can be manufactured by the technique, for optimum performance of the cell, amplification of the ceramic content of the coatings is still required. By mainly employing external agents such as surface active agents (surfactants) and magnetic fields (in a bid to aid ceramic particle stability), this research focused on the prospect of increasing the ceramic content of cermets co-deposited for use as SOFC electrodes. A total of 137 co-deposited samples were produced from different bath compositions. As a prelude to the study, the interactions between the ceramic powders used (yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ) / lanthanum strontium manganate (LSM)) and the medium for the deposition process – the electroless nickel solution, were investigated by zeta potentiometry and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy techniques. The results obtained from the studies led to a variation of a series of fundamental plating factors such as the ceramic bath loading and particle size of the powders. While the former was found to yield the highest ceramic content in the coating at a bath loading of 50 g/l, variation of latter notably produced mixed results. With the introduction of surfactants, it was noted that above the surfactant's (sodium dodecyl sulphate) critical micelle concentration, the incorporation of ceramic particles (YSZ) into the nickel matrix steadily increased to as much as 60 volume %. An inverse relationship was though found to exist between the coating thickness and the surfactant's bath concentration. Uniform coatings were found to be associated with low magnetic field strengths while although increased magnetic field strengths positively resulted in the amplification of particle incorporation into the coating, a lack of cohesion between the coating and the substrate – as indicated by coating flake-off, was observed at such strengths. It is suggested that because the magnetic flux was more dominant than the normally ionic plating mechanism, the particles co-deposited under the influence of a high magnetic field were relatively unstable after the coating process. Since LSM is alkaline in nature this work confirms that future research on the application of electroless nickel ceramic co-deposition as a method of manufacturing SOFC cathodes, be focused on the use of alkaline electroless nickel baths rather than the acidic solutions, which better suite YSZ particles.
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GKIKAKIS, ANTONIOS EMMANOUIL. "Mechanism and Behaviour Co-optimisation of High Performance Mobile Robots." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1045130.
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Mobile robots do not display the level of physical performance one would expect, given the specifications of their hardware. This research is based on the idea that their poor performance is at least partly due to their design, and proposes an optimisation approach for the design of high-performance mobile robots. The aim is to facilitate the design process, and produce versatile and robust robots that can exploit the maximum potential of today's technology. This can be achieved by a systematic optimisation study that is based on careful modelling of the robot's dynamics and its limitations, and takes into consideration the performance requirements that the robot is designed to meet. The approach is divided into two parts: (1) an optimisation framework, and (2) an optimisation methodology. In the framework, designs that can perform a large set of tasks are sought, by simultaneously optimising the design and the behaviours to perform them. The optimisation methodology consists of several stages, where various techniques are used for determining the design's most important parameters, and for maximising the chances of finding the best possible design based on the designer's evaluation criteria.
The effectiveness of the optimisation approach is proved via a specific case-study of a high-performance balancing and hopping monopedal robot. The outcome is a robot design and a set of optimal behaviours that can meet several performance requirements of conflicting nature, by pushing the hardware to its limits in a safe way. The findings of this research demonstrate the importance of using realistic models, and taking into consideration the tasks that the robot is meant to perform in the design process.
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Ramirez, Guerrero Diego Fernando. "Optimisation of oil recovery from sludges with surfactants and co-solvents." Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/69469/.
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Oil sludges are composed mainly of crude oil, water and sediments. These are hazardous wastes from petroleum extraction and refining processes, and the worldwide generation of oil sludges is approximately 60 million tonnes per year. Treatment of oil sludges to date has been focused on physicochemical and biological remediation. Oil recovery methods including oil sludge washing with surfactants and co-solvents have also been applied for reusing the oil. However, there is a need to optimise the oil recovery in this process. The main aim of this research was to assess whether the addition of surfactants (Triton X-100 and X-114, Tween 80, sodium dodecyl sulphate, and rhamnolipid) and the co-solvents (n-pentane, nhexane, cyclohexane, toluene and iso-octane) in the oil sludge washing enhances the oil recovery and reduces the burden of hydrocarbon contamination. Specifically, three oil sludge washing parameters were considered: surfactant to oil sludge ratio, surfactant type and surfactant concentration. Also, the influence of the co-solvent type and ratio to oil sludge was investigated. Oil sludges from different sources were analysed, and the toxicity of the residuals from oil sludge washing was assessed with the impact on the soil microbial respiration (dehydrogenase activity test) and ryegrass germination. Rhamnolipid, Triton X-100 and Triton X-114 had the highest oil recovery rates (50 – 70%) compared to SDS and T80. These values were higher compared to other studies (30 – 40%). It was demonstrated that the ratio of surfactant to oil sludge factor had a high impact on the oil sludge washing. Particularly, it was found that the surfactant concentration did not have an effect on the oil recovery, and the addition of surfactant was not significantly different in most of the oil sludges analysed. Only one sludge had a highly significant oil recovery rate when surfactants were used. Cyclohexane, as a more benign co-solvent, was confirmed to have similar oil recovery values to toluene; approximately 75% of recovered oil was obtained with each co-solvent. This work has confirmed that oil sludge washing was an efficient pretreatment method which can reduce the organic contaminant. According to the oil hydrocarbon fractions analysed, the recovered oil had the potential to be reused as a feedstock for light fuel production. The oil sludge washing residuals had an adverse impact on the soil microbiota activity (percentage decrease of 40%), and ryegrass germination. However, some dehydrogenase activity by the soil bacteria and a germination higher than 70% were detected implying that bioremediation techniques can be applied to treat the oil sludge washing residuals further if necessary. Based on these studies, a systematic approach to the extraction of oil from sludges was proposed at both laboratory and large scales. First, a quick bench scale experiment can be done to assess the oil recovery rates with surfactant and without surfactant at a low and high surfactant to oil sludge ratios (e.g. 1:1 and 5:1). By doing this first assay, it can be established if the surfactant is needed or not. If the surfactant is not required, the costs can be reduced. For this first assay, the surfactant can be added at lower concentrations because the results of this thesis showed no significant difference in the surfactant concentrations. The proposed application of this method to a large scale mentioned the possibility of adapting surfactant and co-solvent recycling systems to reuse these reagents in more cycles of oil sludge washing. The residual water obtained from the surfactant recycling step and the sediments at the bottom layer of the oil sludge washing tank can be mixed and considered as oil sludge washing residuals. Finally, these residuals can be further treated if needed with the landfarming and phytoremediation combined method in a designated area. Moreover, the use of soybeans was proposed as the phytoremediator species because these plants can also be used for biodiesel production purposes. Even though the oil sludge washing is a low-cost process compared to other treatments, the cost of applying the surfactant and solvent recycling systems is high due to the expensive equipment. In fact, it was found that about 70% of the total cost of the proposed method at a large scale goes towards these recycling systems. Indeed, it is important to consider the surfactant and co-solvent recovery steps carefully. However, if the proposed method is used on a frequent basis, the investment may be recuperated due to the profit obtained with the use of recovered oil as a feedstock for fuel production. In addition, if the phytoremediation with soybeans of the oil sludge washing residuals is implemented, the production of biodiesel can be a profitable source.
Книги з теми "Co-Optimisation"
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C, Vital João, and Franca José, eds. Systematic design for optimisation of pipelined ADCs. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.
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Schiemann, Anja, Clara Remke, and Katharina Büchler, eds. HEADS, KURS & Co. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845297866.
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The monitoring concepts of German federal states aim to protect the public from sex offenders and violent offenders at risk of recidivism, which is intended to be achieved through good cooperation and exchange of information between the agencies involved. This study evaluates these structures and the procedures within the concepts in 10 German federal states. Since those concepts are designed to minimise the risk of recidivism as a preventive measure, a process evaluation offers a good opportunity to examine the efficiency and effectiveness of the processes carried out. In a subsequent comparison, the study identifies weaknesses and mistakes in the concepts in order to submit proposals for their optimisation and initiate further research studies. With contributions by Anja Schiemann, Katharina Büchler, Inge Roith, Ilka Freyhat, Helge Risom, Thomas Heberer, Candy Sommer, Tina Beck, Sven Pahl, Christoph Dümmig, Maik Schröder, Daniel Sühling
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Goes, João, João C. Vital, and José E. Franca. Systematic Design for Optimisation of Pipelined ADCs. Springer London, Limited, 2006.
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Goes, João, João C. Vital, and José E. Franca. Systematic Design for Optimisation of Pipelined ADCs. Springer, 2010.
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Goes, João, João C. Vital, and José E. Franca. Systematic Design for Optimisation of Pipelined ADCs (The Springer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science). Springer, 2001.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Co-Optimisation"
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Maneeratana, Kuntinee, Kittipong Boonlong, and Nachol Chaiyaratana. "Multi-objective Optimisation by Co-operative Co-evolution." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 772–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30217-9_78.
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Ngo, Trung Dung. "Distributed Co-optimisation of Throughput for Mobile Sensor Networks." In Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics, 419–32. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55879-8_29.
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Nikfarjam, Adel, Aneta Neumann, Jakob Bossek, and Frank Neumann. "Co-evolutionary Diversity Optimisation for the Traveling Thief Problem." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 237–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14714-2_17.
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Purshouse, Robin C., Cezar Jalbă, and Peter J. Fleming. "Preference-Driven Co-evolutionary Algorithms Show Promise for Many-Objective Optimisation." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 136–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19893-9_10.
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Qi, Jianhui. "Multi-objective Optimisation for Supercritical CO$$_2$$ Radial Inflow Turbine Stator." In Simulation Tools and Methods for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Radial Inflow Turbine, 197–235. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2860-4_7.
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Dammers, J., G. R. Barnes, F. Weise, J. Gross, B. S. Clewett, A. A. Ioannides, and H. W. Müller-Gärtner. "Optimisation of Co-Registration Procedures for Biomagnetic Measurements Using a Thermoplastic Mask." In Biomag 96, 32–34. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1260-7_8.
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Gratzer, Alexander L., Alexander Schirrer, Sebastian Thormann, and Stefan Jakubek. "Platoon Control Concepts." In Energy-Efficient and Semi-automated Truck Platooning, 105–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88682-0_8.
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AbstractCooperative platoon control strategies utilise provided information from vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication to reduce energy consumption and improve traffic flow and safety. In this chapter, a distributed control concept for cooperative platooning is developed that combines trajectory optimisation and local model-predictive control of each vehicle. The presented control architecture ensures collision safety by design, platoon efficiency and situational awareness with the option of exploiting V2X communication. The resulting platoon control performance is tested and validated in a realistic setting by utilising a co-simulation-based validation framework with detailed vehicle dynamics.
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Gratzer, Alexander L., Alexander Schirrer, Sebastian Thormann, and Stefan Jakubek. "Platoon Control Concepts." In Energy-Efficient and Semi-automated Truck Platooning, 105–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88682-0_8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractCooperative platoon control strategies utilise provided information from vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication to reduce energy consumption and improve traffic flow and safety. In this chapter, a distributed control concept for cooperative platooning is developed that combines trajectory optimisation and local model-predictive control of each vehicle. The presented control architecture ensures collision safety by design, platoon efficiency and situational awareness with the option of exploiting V2X communication. The resulting platoon control performance is tested and validated in a realistic setting by utilising a co-simulation-based validation framework with detailed vehicle dynamics.
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Chao, Pingfu, Wen Hua, and Xiaofang Zhou. "An Iterative Map-Trajectory Co-optimisation Framework Based on Map-Matching and Map Update." In Database Systems for Advanced Applications, 305–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18590-9_34.
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Qi, Jianhui. "Development and Application of a Modularised Geometry Optimiser for Future Supercritical CO$$_2$$ Turbomachinery Optimisation." In Simulation Tools and Methods for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Radial Inflow Turbine, 161–96. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2860-4_6.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Co-Optimisation"
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Razavi, R., C. Androne, and H. Claussen. "Handover optimisation for co-channel WCDMA heterogeneous networks." In 2012 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - (PIMRC 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2012.6362913.
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Sathuluri, Akhil, Anand Vazhapilli Sureshbabu, and Markus Zimmermann. "Robust co-design of robots via cascaded optimisation." In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra48891.2023.10161134.
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Poladian, L., S. Manos, N. A. Issa, and W. E. Padden. "Biomimetic optimisation and co-design of microstructured optical fibres." In Proceedings of the First International Conference on ICOCN 2002. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812776280_0027.
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Datta, Ayan, James D. Warnock, Ankur Shukla, Saurabh Gupta, Yiu H. Chan, Karthik Mohan, and Charudhattan Nagarajan. "Design-Synthesis Co-Optimisation Using Skewed and Tapered Gates." In Proceedings of the 2016 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/9783981537079_0310.
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Wankhede, Moresh J., Neil W. Bressloff, and Andy J. Keane. "Combustor Design Optimisation Using Co-Kriging of Steady and Unsteady Turbulent Combustion." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-46420.
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In the gas turbine industry, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are often used to predict and visualize the complex reacting flow dynamics, combustion environment and emissions performance of a combustor at the design stage. Given the complexity involved in obtaining accurate flow predictions and due to the expensive nature of simulations, conventional techniques for CFD based combustor design optimisation are often ruled out, primarily due to the limits on available computing resources and time. The design optimisation process normally requires a large number of analyses of the objective and constraint functions which necessitates a careful selection of fast, reliable and efficient computational methods for the CFD analysis and the optimization process. In this study, given a fixed computational budget, an assessment of a co-Kriging based optimisation strategy against a standard Kriging based optimisation strategy is presented for the design of a 2D combustor using steady and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) formulation. Within the fixed computational budget, using a steady RANS formulation, the Kriging strategy successfully captures the underlying response, however with unsteady RANS the Kriging strategy fails to capture the underlying response due to the existence of a high level of noise. The co-Kriging strategy is then applied to two design problems, one using two levels of grid resolutions in a steady RANS formulation and the other using steady and unsteady RANS formulations on the same grid resolution. With the co-Kriging strategy, the multi-fidelity analysis is expected to find an optimum design in comparatively less time than that required using the high-fidelity model alone since less high-fidelity function calls should be required. However, using the applied computational setup for co-Kriging, the Kriging strategy beats the co-Kriging strategy under the steady RANS formulation whereas under the unsteady RANS formulation, the high level of noise stalls the co-Kriging optimisation process.
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Turkington, Kieron, George A. Constantinides, Peter Y. K. Cheung, and Konstantinos Masselos. "Co-optimisation of datapath and memory in outer loop pipelining." In 2008 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2008.4762359.
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Asenov, Asen. "TCAD Based Design Technology Co-Optimisation in Advanced CMOS Technology." In 2018 14th IEEE International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology (ICSICT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsict.2018.8564808.
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Karagiannopoulos, Stavros, Petros Aristidou, and Gabriela Hug. "Co-optimisation of planning and operation for active distribution grids." In 2017 IEEE Manchester PowerTech. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ptc.2017.7981112.
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Vournas, C. D. "Power system stabiliser co-ordination using a parameter optimisation method." In International Conference on Control '94. IEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19940166.
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Sabar, Nasser R., Ayad Turky, and Andy Song. "Adaptive Multi-optimiser Cooperative Co-evolution for Large-Scale Optimisation." In 2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8790022.
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