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Статті в журналах з теми "Co-design problem"
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Wiltschnig, Stefan, Bo T. Christensen, and Linden J. Ball. "Collaborative problem–solution co-evolution in creative design." Design Studies 34, no. 5 (September 2013): 515–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2013.01.002.
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Contreras, Luis, Sérgio Cruz, J. M. S. T. Motta, and Carlos H. Llanos. "Hardware and Software Co-design for the EKF Applied to the Mobile Robotics Localization Problem." International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing 5, no. 2 (April 2015): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijmlc.2015.v5.491.
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Halstrøm, Per Liljenberg, and Per Galle. "Design as Co-Evolution of Problem, Solution, and Audience." Artifact 3, no. 4 (July 28, 2015): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/artifact.v3i4.12815.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The meaning of ‘design’ can be captured in a general way by a good definition, but even the best definition cannot provide an understanding sufficiently deep to guide the professional designer or the student of design in the intricate deliberations of doing design in practice. Therefore we explore design beyond the level of definitions, reviewing canonical theories about design as a professional enterprise. We find that the well-established theoretical notion of ‘co-evolution’ of problem and solution in design has its merits in regard to understanding design deliberations; but also that existing theories leave the practitioner at a loss for guidance in some respects. To remedy this situation, we propose the notion of ‘triple co-evolution’ that also involves the ‘audience’ of a designed artefact. Furthermore, we conjecture that the study of so-called ‘constitutive rhetoric’ offers valuable conceptual resources for conceiving of design in terms of such triple co-evolution. For example, many design products may be thought of as offering an audience a ‘subject position’ that hint at whom they should become. In support of the case we make for thinking in terms of constitutive rhetoric in design, we present a small sample of design cases, arguably showing signs of triple co-evolution and understandable in terms of ‘audience constitution’.
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Dorst, Kees, and Nigel Cross. "Creativity in the design process: co-evolution of problem–solution." Design Studies 22, no. 5 (September 2001): 425–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-694x(01)00009-6.
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Li, Qing Song, Li Zhi Qin, Wei Yang, and Yong Hui Wang. "Design of Service Network of Huachuan Denso Co." Applied Mechanics and Materials 101-102 (September 2011): 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.101-102.352.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Location decision of Service Networks is important for an enterprise to dominate market and to improve service level. Characteristics and the decentralized control strategies of service network were discussed for the enterprise of Denso class. A 0-1 mixed integer programming model was established for location problem of spare parts centers and solved by ILOG along with sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, a dynamic programming model was established for location problem of sales model shop and calculated by a numerical listing method.
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Liu, Longfan, Yan Li, Yan Xiong, Juan Cao, and Ping Yuan. "An EEG study of the relationship between design problem statements and cognitive behaviors during conceptual design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 32, no. 3 (May 30, 2018): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060417000683.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIn the design process, different problem statements result in different problem-solving strategies. A proper problem statement is the key to effective problem-solving. Based on the characteristics of the product design process, we divided design problem statements into open-ended (OE), decision-making (DM), and constrained (CO) statements and attempted to investigate the influences of different problem statements on designers’ cognitive behaviors from three perspectives, namely divergent thinking, convergent thinking, and mental workload. Then we provided quantification description to these influences based on electroencephalography (EEG) technology. We conducted experiments on 19 participants and used the BrainProduct™ actiChamp-32 to record the EEG data. Results are as follows: (1) The higher task-related α power was found in the temporal and occipital regions in the OE task compared with that in the DM and CO tasks. The OE statement also would help designers get novel ideas by strengthening their divergent thinking. (2) In the DM and CO tasks, there was no significant difference in the impact of the brain region on convergent thinking, but activities in the left hemisphere were stronger than that in the right hemisphere. The DM and CO tasks have better performance in convergent thinking than the OE task. (3) In the CO task, the designer's mental workload is the highest and mainly related to the activation of the centroparietal and occipital regions. These findings help designers understand the design problem-solving process from the perspective of cognitive science and monitor their thinking modes in the design process so as to improve their design performance.
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GAO, ZHENXIAO, TIANYUAN XIAO, and WENHUI FAN. "COLLABORATIVE OPTIMIZATION WITH DIMENSION REDUCTION." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 01, no. 02 (June 2010): 179–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962310000134.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Collaborative optimization (CO) method is widely used in solving multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) problems, yet its computation requirement has been an obstacle to the applications, leading to doubts about CO's convergence property. The feasible domain of CO problem is first examined and it is proven that feasible domain remains the same during the CO formulation. So is the same with extreme points. Then based on contemporary research conclusion that the system-level optimization problem suffers from inherent computational difficulties, it is further pointed out that the employment of meta-heuristic optimization methods in CO could eliminate these difficulties. To make CO more computational feasible, a new method collaborative optimization with dimension reduction (CODR) is proposed. It focused on optimization dimension reduction and lets local copy of common shared design variables equal system shared design variables directly. Thus, the number of dimensions that CODR could reduce equal the number of common shared design variables. Numerical experiment suggests that CODR reduces computations greatly without losing of optimization accuracy.
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Studer, Jaryn A., Shanna R. Daly, Seda McKilligan, and Colleen M. Seifert. "Evidence of problem exploration in creative designs." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 32, no. 4 (October 5, 2018): 415–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060418000124.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractDesign problems are often presented as structured briefs with detailed constraints and requirements, suggesting a fixed definition. However, past studies have identified the importance of exploring design problems for creative design outcomes. Previous protocol studies of designers has shown that problems can “co-evolve” with the development of solutions during the design process. But to date, little evidence has been provided abouthowdesigners systematically explore presented problems to create better solutions. In this study, we conducted a qualitative analysis of 252 design problems collected from publically available sources, including award-winning product designs and open-source design competitions. This database offers an independent sample of presented problems, designers’ alternative problem descriptions, and innovative solutions. We report the results of this large-scale qualitative analysis aimed at characterizing changes to problems during the design process. Inductive coding was used to identify content patterns in “discovered” problem descriptions, with qualitative codes reliably scored by two independent coders. A total of 32 distinct patterns of problem exploration were identified across designers and presented problems. Each pattern is described in the form of a generalized strategy to guide designers as they explore problem spaces. The exploration patterns identified in this study are the first empirical evidence of problem exploration in independent design problems. Further, the presence of exploration patterns in discovered problems is associated with the selection of the corresponding solution as a challenge finalist. These empirically identified strategies for problem exploration may be useful for computational tools supporting designers.
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Ji, Bin, Xiaohui Yuan, and Yanbin Yuan. "Orthogonal Design-Based NSGA-III for the Optimal Lockage Co-Scheduling Problem." IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 18, no. 8 (August 2017): 2085–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tits.2016.2630718.
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Heiss, Leah, and Olga Kokshagina. "Tactile co-design tools for complex interdisciplinary problem exploration in healthcare settings." Design Studies 75 (July 2021): 101030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2021.101030.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Co-design problem"
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Souza, Débora de Oliveira Lemos Rocha de. "A coevolução no problema de design." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2015. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3823.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
FAPERGS - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Algumas ações do processo projetual se restringem aos pensamentos dos designers, gerando uma dificuldade para compreender o processo e torná-lo explícito. As pesquisas nessa área tentam transpor essas limitações, buscando perceber o modo como os designers resolvem os problemas para aprimorar a sua atuação. Esses problemas são caracterizados como mal-estruturados e podem ser vistos de diferentes perspectivas, gerando respostas distintas. O conceito de coevolução percebe a resolução de problemas de forma evolutiva: à medida que compreende-se um pouco mais o problema, as respostas tornam-se mais aprimoradas. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo geral compreender a coevolução do problema de design. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória em um workshop em design, coletando as informações por meio de grupos focais e do registro, em vídeo, do processo realizado pelos participantes. A técnica utilizada para analisar as informações coletadas nos grupos focais e nos vídeos foi a análise de conteúdo, com algumas adaptações necessárias à pesquisa realizada. Na análise, percebeu-se que a coevolução é influenciada: 1) pela formulação inicial do problema que funciona como uma força motora, impulsionando o processo de resolução do problema; 2) pela forma como as equipes se articulam, levando-se em conta o modo como os integrantes desempenham diferentes papeis e estabelecem um ritmo de resolução do problema de acordo com experiências anteriores que trazem para o projeto; 3) pelos questionamentos em relação ao problema ou à solução, caracterizando-se como uma das estratégias utilizadas pelos designers para avançar no espaço-problema ou no espaço-solução. Concluiu-se, assim, que não só o espaço-problema e o espaço-solução se modificam no percurso do projeto de forma a provocar uma evolução mútua, mas os diversos fatores que envolvem o processo projetual também influenciam na coevolução do problema de design.
Some actions in the design process are restricted to the designers’ thoughts, what may cause some difficulties in understanding the process itself and making it explicit. Studies in this area attempt to overcome these limitations by looking into the way designers solve problems to improve their performance. These problems are usually characterized as ill-structured and can be seen from different perspectives, leading to distinct answers. The concept of co-evolution regards problem resolution in an evolutive manner: as the problem is better understood, the answers become more refined. The overall objective of this work is to understand the co-evolution of the design problem. In order to do this, an exploratory research was conducted within a design workshop, where data was collected by means of both focal groups and videos recording the participants’ process. The technique used to analyse all this data was Content Analysis, with some necessary adaptations to the context of the present research. In the analysis, it was possible to observe that co-evolution is influenced by: 1) the initial formulation of the problem that works as a driving force, boosting the problem resolution process; 2) the way the groups manage themselves, taking into consideration the manner in which different members play distinct roles and establish a problem resolution pace based on previous experiences they bring to the project; and 3) inquiries related to the problem or the solution, which can be regarded as one of the strategies used by designers to move forward into the problem space or the solution space. In conclusion, all these observations lead to the understanding that not only the problem space and the solution space modify themselves in the course of the project, triggering mutual evolution, but the diverse aspects involved in the design context also have some influence on the co-evolution of the design problem.
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Forsgren, Olov. "Samskapande datortillämpningar : en systemteoretisk ansats för lösning av vissa förändringsproblem vid administrativ datoranvändning." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 1988. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-66934.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis starts by observing a change problem in a medical computer application. The change problem occurs when data and rules that make up the core of a computer application, degenerate. Sometimes the process is slow, but it is not unusual for the application to be out of date even before it has been put into use. The aim of this work is to develop a theoretical framework in which it is possible to formulate the change problem such that it becomes more accessible for conscious consideration and a base for design principles. Accordingly, the thesis follows a theoretical approach. In order to place the work in a historical perspective, some major lines of research in administrative data processing are outlined. The change problem has led the author to investigate the birth and change of facts. The result of this investigation is that two fundamental points of view can be identified. One is closely related to a view of knowledge that is characteristic of the age of enlightenment. The basic idea in this "depictive" view is that facts are more or less depictions of reality. The other point of view can be associated with philosophers such as Kant and Hegel. The fundamental idea in this "constructive" view is that facts are related to measuring systems that are created by man. The constructive view is developed to include computer applications, encompassing a concept with seven key elements. To demonstrate the usefulness of the concept, two case studies are discussed: a computer aided travel agency and the argumentation around a computer aided social research project. An attempt is then made to use the constructive view as an approach to the change problem. One important result of this work is that the change problem shifts into a problem of justice. The conclusion is that a depictive view of facts gives theoretical support for transforming every human activity into deterministic machinery. When this fails, we experience a change problem. A constructive view of facts gives theoretical support for participation in a redesigning process. When this fails we experience a problem of injustice among clients. Following that conclusion, one way to approach the injustice problem is to encourage clients to take part in a continuous reconstruction of the activity. This is the same thing as looking for solutions to the change problem. The focus of the thesis then turns to different strategies to encourage clients to participate in the reconstructive work, which is also knovyn as the question of implementation. The following complementary strategies for implementation are considered: The Metaphorical Strategy, the Heuristic Strategy, the Documentation Strategy, the Computer Application Strategy, the Education Strategy. These strategies are then applied to the first mentioned medical computer application. The thesis concludes with some outlines for further research and some fundamental questions conceiving constructive computer applications. These questions focused on the necessity for further work on ethical aspects of a constructive view.digitalisering@umu
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Khan, Zeashan Hameed. "Wireless network architecture for long range teleoperation of an autonomous System." Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0134.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La téléopération en réseau est une thématique émergente, où un humain (le maître) communique avec un esclave commandé à distance à travers un réseau de communication, pour l'échange des données de commande et de mesure. Pour la téléopération longue distance, ces informations traversent divers réseaux hétérogènes ou hybrides interconnectés ensemble. Nous traitons également le cas où un segment sera sans fil, ce qui permet d'envisager que l'esclave soit mobile (véhicule télé-opéré par exemple). Une étude indépendante des aspects commande et des aspects réseau entraîne l'atteinte d'objectifs locaux, qui peuvent le cas échéant être ensuite fortement dégradés après l'intégration des deux aspects. L'utilisation de réseaux partagés, comme internet, en lieu et place d'une liaison dédiée (point à point, liaison virtuelle) est également un défi, en particulier dans le cas de la longue distance. Les mécanismes de qualité de service (QdS) d'un réseau, en particulier du réseau hétérogène, doivent pouvoir être traités par les autres réseaux ; ces points sont assez souvent traités avec un point de vue d'applications multimedia, plus rarement avec le point de vue de la téléopération critique. L'approche de téléopération en réseau peut profiter de ces mécanismes de qualité de service en utilisant des priorités ou des réservations de bandes passantes en fonction des critères de commande et de transparence. Cela peut entraîner une adaptation des ressources réseau en fonction des besoins des objectifs de téléopération afin de transporter l'information en satisfaisant les besoins bout en bout de l'application, cette notion devant être précisée. Lorsqu'on considère la QdS avec un point de vue réseau, elle consiste principalement à la gestion de flux de communication, en prenant en compte des paramètres de besoin et d'ordonnancement. Si l'on prend en compte le point de vue de la téléopération, la QdS entraîne des conséquences sur la qualité de commande (QdC) ce qui inclut la stabilité, la transparence et la téléprésence. De plus, l'interface humaine peut également avoir des besoins spécifiques en termes de téléprésence, ce qui peut entraîner des conséquences sur la répartition de la charge du réseau. Afin d'intégrer les deux approches de QdS et de QdC pour apporter une meilleure réponse au problème posé, nous proposons une approche de coconception avec d'une part une adaptation de la QdS aux besoins de la Qdc (qualité de la transparence) et d'autre part une adaptation de la Qdc (par exemple dégradation de la qualité du flux vidéo) à la disponibilité du réseau. Nous avons considéré deux cas de figures. Dans un premier temps, sans tenir compte des mécanismes de QdS du réseau (approche dite du meilleur effort ou best effort) et par l'adaptation au mieux de l'application, pour répondre aux besoins de la téléopération. La seconde approche considère un réseau orienté QdS entre le maître et l'esclave, où différentes priorités peuvent être attribuées aux flux nécessaires à la téléopération, en fonction des contextes. L'approche proposée est finalement mise en oeuvre sur NeCS-Car, la voiture téléopérée disponible au LaboratoireNetworked teleoperation (NT) is an emerging area of technology, where human assisted Master and remote Slave devices communicate over a communication network for the exchange of command and sensor feedback information. For long range mobile teleoperation, this information travels over different types of heterogeneous/hybrid networks interconnected together with a compulsory network segment over wireless to permit increased mobility. The independent design of control and network promotes the isolated objectives and the performance is degraded after an integration. It is also challenging if internet is used for teleoperation, instead of point to point communication. The mechanisms of QoS in one network protocol of the heterogeneous network needs mapping on any other network which is usually carried out with a multimedia point of view and not for the critical teleoperation data. The approach for networked teleoperation can be given a new dimension by adding quality of service (QoS) to different flows on need based priority and as a function of control and transparence criteria. This means to alter the network resources for teleoperation objective in order to transport the information to satisfy the end-to-end application needs. The network QoS perspective is important to consider in the co-design approach for teleoperation. However, the true meaning of end to end QoS must be defined for teleoperation. If we consider the QoS from the network point of view, it refers to the management of various flows or users as per their need and precedence. Whereas, from the teleoperation perspective, QoS is related to the quality of control (QoC) which includes stability, transparence and telepresence. Moreover, the human interface may have different requirements as per telepresence feeling which will result in varying network load. To control network QoS, we need to measure or estimate it. Therefore, classification of QoS is performed with a fuzzy inference system which is able to distinguish between varying levels of QoS. In addition, it is also a challenging task for online decision for reconfiguration of network and control performance. We have used supervised methods for classification and prediction of QoS to be used in the proposed approach. Thus, data communication networks treat control information as best effort most of the time. Conclusion the communication used in teleoperation uses a dedicated network/communication. In short, a co-design approach is formulated to treat the network QoS as a function of teleoperation objectives which are related to the quality of transparence and control. Alternatively, the video flow is managed in order to effectively reduce the necessary throughput for instants when the network quality is not sufficient. We have considered two cases. First, without taking into account any network QoS mechanism (best effort flows only) and adapting application needs as per the teleoperation objectives. The second one considers a QoS oriented network in between the master and slave, where different priorities can be assigned to the teleoperation flows as per need. In the end, the proposed methodology is implemented on the NeCS-Car benchmark
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Braun, Erika L. "Framing Wicked Problems Using CoDesign and a Hybrid Design Toolset." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461202906.
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Aguiar, João Pedro Ornaghi de. "Sobre a natureza dos problemas de projeto : grau de definição, coevolução e escolha de técnicas para a geração de alternativas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/34752.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Esta dissertação trata das características próprias dos problemas de projeto de desenvolvimento de produtos. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram revisar parte da literatura publicada sobre a natureza dos problemas de projeto; confirmar, na prática, a mudança na definição dos componentes do problema ao longo da sua resolução; e propor uma estrutura que auxilie a escolha de ferramentas de geração de alternativas. São apresentados os resultados de uma observação do processo projetual realizado por estudantes de graduação da Engenharia e do Design, trabalhando conjuntamente. A dissertação é estruturada na forma de três artigos encadeados. Os resultados da revisão bibliográfica conformam o primeiro artigo, referente ao capítulo dois deste documento. A observação dos grupos de estudantes está no segundo artigo, referente ao capítulo três. A contribuição busca facilitar a tradução dos requisitos de um projeto em conceitos de um produto, através da proposição de uma matriz que cruza as dimensões dos problemas de projeto de produtos manufaturados industrialmente e algumas ferramentas conhecidas para a geração de alternativas. Essa matriz se encontra no terceiro artigo, referente ao capítulo quatro do documento. No quinto e último capítulo são elaboradas as conclusões do estudo, que apontam para a recursividade da atividade de definir um problema paralelamente ao seu processo de resolução.This study is about the nature of design problems. Its objectives are: to review part of the literature about the topic; to confirm, with empirical basis, the changes in the components of design problem through the resolution process; and present a framework that helps choosing concept generating tools. The empirical data were obtained from observation and verbal protocols of graduation students from Engineering and Design courses working together. This research is presented in three linked articles, setting chapters two, three and four of this document. Chapter two represents the literature review. The observation of the students corresponds to chapter three. The contribution appears in chapter four, where the design problem dimensions are crossed with tools for concept generation. Lastly, in the fifth chapter, the conclusions pointed out to the recursiveness in the problem definition and solution generation process.
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Backhans, Gustav, and Douglas Driving. "Voice assistants and railway passengers : A user-centered exploration of value creation opportunities in a railway service context." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166386.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is a current rising trend of using voice assistants (VAs) to perform tasks in new ways, and various companies are considering introducing them as part of their service propositions. One such company is the railway service provider SJ AB that is interested in understanding how a VA may benefit their passengers. To better understand the utility of a VA in the railway service context, this thesis aims to explore the value creation opportunities that the introduction of such a technology presents. This exploration is done through identifying the potential functionality of such a VA, what value that functionality can create for passengers, and what barriers exist for creating that value. This identification is done through a user-centred research process, during which design probes and experience prototyping were carried out with railway passengers and analysed through qualitative content analysis. The results show that a VA presents fast, convenient, and intuitive access to a wide set of functions but is hindered by its invisible affordances and the user’s preconceptions. It shares several functions with existing channels, presented in a new way, that span the entire course of the train journey. The functionality and the identified functions primarily create utilitarian values, which connects to the passenger’s pragmatic view of the service. Furthermore, the passengers perceived the VA as an agent able to take over responsibilities and tasks from the passenger, resulting in a peace of mind but also a diminished sense of control. Finally, the railway service context affected what functionality is suitable, what values can be created and what barriers need to be considered. Some of the value creation possibilities and barriers are also contemporary and might change with shifting social norms and further technological development.
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Iaderoza, Beatriz Chiavegatto. "Reconfigurable co-design of a computationally intensive mathematical problem." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/2277.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A reprogrammable hardware platform is used for the Co-design and implementation of a computationally intensive mathematical problem, namely the listing of irreducible polynomials over Galois fields of order 3 (GF(3)). The main goal is to accelerate the performance compared to an existing software implementation. This project uses hardware/software Co-design methodologies and techniques, and it is designed, implemented and evaluated on two distinct platforms, not simply by simulations. FPGAs are used as part of the reconfigurable hardware in both a PCI-based environment and in a more successful System-on-Chip (SOC) platform, which takes advantage of the closely-coupled interconnection between the hardware and software, thus minimizing the communication overhead. The case study, findings and general analysis lead to a possible ideal architecture for future approaches. Moreover, a more general detailed strategy can be seen for the transformation from software to a Co-design paradigm, maximizing parallelism.
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Heenop, Danelle. "The re-evaluation and rebranding of a public library from a Human Centred Design (HCD) point of view: a case study." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10352/409.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study attempts to gain an understanding of the responsibilities and place of the designer within his/her social, political and environmental context, a topic which is continuously being scrutinised. Graphic designers, as practitioners and researchers, have shifted towards principles found within Human-Centred Design (HCD) and problem-solving processes, primarily concerned with the community’s need and the voice of the community members within the problem and thus integrating the user into the design practice and problem-solving process.
This practice-based research project reflects upon the integration of human-centred graphic design processes, analysing the brand and wayfinding design currently incorporated in the Sasolburg Public Library (SPL) through the implementation of HCD thinking and problem-solving processes, Participatory Action Research (PAR) and the HCD IDEO toolkit. The researcher critically and experientially questions and reflects upon HCD thinking: its problem-solving strategies, strengths and the ultimate result of its integration into the project, as she aimed to codesign a functional brand identity and way-finding system that resonates with the identified community need as well as the SPL’s current space and place ‘description’, essentially attempting to create a public library that is human-centred at heart.
The integrated co-designed problem-solving processes, guided by the HCD IDEO toolkit, were applied within a focus group setting, and comprised out of seven focus group sessions referred to as HCD team meetings. The focus group sessions consisted out of six HCD team meeting and one member checking contact session, supported by various research phases. The team meetings all considered theoretical constructs within multiple HCD research approaches, including the HCD analysis model, PAR research cycles and the action research model, constantly re-considering existing assumptions and structures within the unique context of a public library setting, but specifically the SPL. Each focus group team meeting, and its subsequent research tools, were tailor-made for the SPL context, considering principles of the co-design process along with the expertise and perceived knowledge structures of the HCD team consisting of the designer (as specialist within practice), the researcher (as specialist academic) and the librarians (as specialists within the SPL and the identified problem).
Arising from this complex construction of tools, and subsequent data collected, various findings were made identifying the value and strengths as well as the feasibility of HCD thinking processes and their integration within a ‘real life context’. Summarised findings include: the implementation of co-design processes, PAR repetitive cycles, and the creation of design deliverables answering to identified needs; tensions identified within the co-design process, sparking the beginning of what seems to be a continuous and endless ‘power/authority/expertise struggle’ throughout the problem-solving process; an aesthetic adjustment (with specific reference to graphic design executions identified within traditional design practices) as a result of the co-design process and lastly, a break in HCD co-design thinking, which argues for implementing democratic thinking practice and processes within the production and design application process.
Considering the findings on the HCD research process within the context of this research, suggestions towards possible design solutions and future potential applications (within a theoretical context) are made, allowing the research in its specific, public library context, to contribute to HCD theoretical thinking processes and their integration within graphic design research and practice.
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Nasr, N., B. Leon, Gail Mountain, S. M. Nijenhuis, G. B. Prange, P. Sale, and F. Amirabdollahian. "The experience of living with stroke and using technology: opportunities to engage and co-design with end users." 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/11021.
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NoPurpose: We drew on an interdisciplinary research design to examine stroke survivors’ experiences of living with stroke and with technology in order to provide technology developers with insight into values, thoughts and feelings of the potential users of a to-be-designed robotic technology for home-based rehabilitation of the hand and wrist. Method: Ten stroke survivors and their family carers were purposefully selected. On the first home visit, they were introduced to cultural probe. On the second visit, the content of the probe packs were used as prompt to conduct one-to-one interviews with them. The data generated was analysed using thematic analysis. A third home visit was conducted to evaluate the early prototype. Results: User requirements were categorised into their network of relationships, their attitude towards technology, their skills, their goals and motivations. The user requirements were used to envision the requirements of the system including providing feedback on performance, motivational aspects and usability of the system. Participants’ views on the system requirements were obtained during a participatory evaluation. Conclusion: This study showed that prior to the development of technology, it is important to engage with potential users to identify user requirements and subsequently envision system requirements based on users’ views.
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Flanagan, Wayne Gary Theo. "Creating authentic learning environments in a grade 10 Economics classroom via a progressive teaching design." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19574.
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The researcher wants to create a learning environment where learners are much more involved in their own learning. The progressive teaching design implies that the contribution of the learner to the development of knowledge is recognised. The educator also acknowledges the learner as a social being reliant on interaction with others to generate meaning.
The problem statement for this study is based on the researcher’s opinion that In South African schools rote learning and memorisation are still the main methods of learning. The reason for this is because the majority of educators have been schooled in the traditional educational paradigm where the teaching process essentially revolves around the educator. In such a system learners who can recall facts best and obtain the best grades are regarded as having learnt well. The researcher contests the assertion that the learners learnt authentically. The progressive teaching approach is proffered by the educator as an alternative for the attainment of authentic learning in a grade 10 Economics classroom.
In an authentic learning environment learners are prepared to face challenges in the real world through the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
Learners collaborate and cooperate as members of a group to unravel problems.
The researcher makes use of a qualitative research design for this study. The grade 10 Economics class of the researcher is used a case study to ascertain whether a progressive teaching approach can enhance authentic learning. Twelve learners out 26 that indicated that they would participate eventually took part in the study. The research instruments used were the video recorded lessons, teacher observation sheets and learner focused-group interviews.
One of the findings from the study was that authentic learning skills such as problem-solving and critical thinking can be developed through the educator using the progressive teaching approach. This is in line with the principles of the CAPS for Economics. Another finding is that although more learner involvement is required for the progressive approach, the role of the educator remains crucial as a knowledge expert and a facilitator in the classroom. A further finding was that learners embraced the co-operative learning strategy which is one of the fundamentals of authentic learning. They enjoyed teaching to and learning from one another in group work. Finally, learners appreciated the use of cartoons and team-games by the progressive educator as additional strategies to further authenticate and enhance the learning experience.
In summary the researcher wants to contend that from the literature study, the findings of the empirical research and the recommendation of this study that by working within the parameters of the CAPS for Economics, authentic learning can be achieved via a progressive teaching design.Curriculum and Instructional Studies
M. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)
Книги з теми "Co-design problem"
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Erdal, David. Creating Socially Sustainable Enterprise. Edited by Jonathan Michie, Joseph R. Blasi, and Carlo Borzaga. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199684977.013.41.
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This chapter discusses evidence that the design of business as a human institution can be improved far beyond the current template of corporations owned by financial institutions, a template which led to the near collapse of the global economy in 2008, with costly consequences for generations of taxpayers. Re-evaluating business theory from a perspective of human evolution leads to the recognition that human autonomy and voluntary co-operation in every business require the rights currently bundled as ‘ownership’—the rights to information, influence, and wealth—to be allocated, not to financiers, but to the individuals directly co-operating as participants in the wealth-creation process. Evidence is discussed showing that member-owned enterprises perform as well or better than conventionally structured business in terms of human and economic sustainability, and that the problems of financing such enterprises are soluble.
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Selected problems of structural mechanics, machine design, production engineering, motor and railway vehicles, organic chemistry: Co-operation between Cracow University of Technology and Technical University of Budapest. Cracow: Politechnika Krakowska, 1995.
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Hetmański, Marek, and Andrzej Zykubek, eds. Metafory ucieleśnione. Wydawnictwo Academicon, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52097/acapress.9788362475810.
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Na monografię składają się teksty przygotowane przez autorów z kilku ośrodków akademickich, którzy wzięli udział w IV Letniej Szkole Kognitywistycznej odbywającej się w dniach 9-12 września 2020 roku, w Kazimierzu nad Wisłą, zorganizowanej przez dwa Instytuty Filozofii – Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej oraz Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, przy współpracy z Kołem Kognitywistyki KUL oraz pod patronatem Polskiego Towarzystwa Kognitywistycznego; również przy wsparciu grantowych MNiSzW. Czterodniowe spotkanie odbywało się pod hasłem „Metafory ucieleśnione” i zgromadziło na ogół młodych badaczy – filozofów, kognitywistów, językoznawców i kulturoznawcą – którzy problem tytułowy analizowali z wielu punktów widzenia i w oparciu o różne założenia teoretyczne i metodologie. Agnieszka Libura w tekście zatytułowanym „Integracja pojęciowa w memach internetowych zawierających wyobrażenia gestów” analizuje memy oparte na binarnych opozycjach gestów. Memy te przywołują uniwersalne znaki myśli wpisane w reakcje ludzkiego ciała, niekiedy wsparte dobrze rozpoznawanymi artefaktami, które mogą stanowić swoiste „przedłużenie ciała”. Analiza dowodzi, że konstrukcja podstawowej serii memów oparta jest na integracji pojęciowej w siatce jednozakresowej, w której skonwencjonalizowana przestrzeń wyjściowa, dostarczająca ramy organizującej amalgamat, jest łączona zazwyczaj z przestrzenią aktualnych wydarzeń, dzięki czemu nowe znaczenie może służyć jako komentarz polityczny, uwaga obyczajowa itp. Skonwencjonalizowane ramy służące do organizacji tych amalgamatów przekazują bardzo precyzyjne i zrozumiałe przez użytkowników sieci znaczenia, które współtworzą ponowoczesny folklor. Mateusz Hohol w tekście zatytułowanym w formie pytania „Matematyka w metaforach? O wyjaśnianiu pojęć matematycznych za pomocą metafor kognitywnych” przedstawia w zarysie główne założenia teoretyczne głośnej książki George’a Lakoffa i Rafaela Nǔñeza „Where Mathematics Comes From?”, w której autorzy sugerowali, iż znaczna część pojęć matematycznych daje się wyjaśnić co do swojej natury oraz genezy w ramach teorii metafory pojęciowej; są one w sensie dosłownym ucieleśnione, ugruntowane w działaniu i percepcji człowieka. Autor tekstu krytycznie odnosi się do tych założeń i pokazuje, że wprawdzie pojęcia matematyczne są w szerokim sensie ucieleśnione, to jednak żadne z empirycznych badań nie potwierdzają hipotezy lakoffa i Nǔñeza. W oparciu o szeroko przytaczaną literaturę przedmiotu, a własne badania, Mateusz Hohol proponuje tzw. hybrydową teorię ucieleśnienia pojęć matematycznych, która bazuje na koncepcji podwójnego kodowania reprezentacji poznawczych oraz specyficznej roli języka jako środka tworzenia pojęć abstrakcyjnych, w tym matematycznych. Mirosław Sopek w przeglądowym tekście „Metafory w sztucznej inteligencji” pokazuje jak powstawały i wciąż powstają, w kolejnych paradygmatach, metaforyczne określenia procesów i zjawisk poznawczych z użyciem terminologii z informatyki i nauki o komputerach. Są one już od połowy minionego stulecia szeroko stosowane w filozofii umysłu i psychologii do opisu stanów umysłowych i czynności poznawczych człowieka. Pokazuje także zjawisko odwrotne – wpływ terminologii biologicznej, neurologicznej i psychologicznej na określanie i definiowanie pojęć i terminów z informatyki i sztucznej inteligencji jak sieci, obliczanie, uczenie maszynowe, głębokie uczenie itp. W szczególności analizuje metafory z języka wielu dyscyplin informatycznych, za pomocą których definiuje się różne wersje sztucznej inteligencji. W zakończeniu Autor postuluje włączenie metaforycznego języka do teoretycznych podstaw oraz dydaktyki dyscypliny badawczej, jaką jest sztuczna inteligencja. Ewa Schreiber w tekście „Metafory pojęciowe w muzyce II połowy XX wieku na przykładzie twórczości Györgya Ligetiego” pokazuje, jak metafory funkcjonują w muzyce co najmniej na dwa sposoby – jako metaforyczne określenia służące do opisu specyficznych dla muzyki własności jak melodia, rytm, tonacja czy kolorystyka oraz jako metaforyczność samej muzyki, a więc jako rodzaju języka odnoszącego się poza siebie samego. Na przykładzie stanowiska kompozytora i muzykologa Ligetiego Autorka charakteryzuje metaforyczność głównie muzyki nowoczesnej, w której podstawowym terminem, w którym muzyka znajduje swoje ucieleśnienie jest dźwięk i jego brzmienie w najróżnorodniejszych postaciach. Ukazane zostają w wypowiedziach i kompozycjach Ligetiego liczne metafory o przestrzennych, dotykowych i manualnych konotacjach odnoszące się do muzycznych własności dźwięku i jego brzmienia we współczesnej muzyce. Przykładem analiz metaforyczności w szczególny sposób ucieleśnionej, związanej niemniej z językiem, lecz odnoszącej się do ciała oraz jego poetyckich, wielojęzycznych określeń, jest tekst Mateusza Kusio „Kolorystyka biblijna i metafory ucieleśnione na przykładzie czerni w Pieśni nad pieśniami 1,5-6 i jej wczesnej recepcji”. Egzegeza językoznawcza i biblistyczna wybranych fragmentów słynnego starożytnego tekstu biblijnego jest dokonana w oparciu o podstawowe założenia teorii pojęciowej metafory Lakoffa i Johnsona, dzięki której Autor tekstu wyróżnia znaczenia barwy czerni pojawiającej się w tekście i które odnoszą się do pozacielesnych, nie literalnych, lecz metaforycznych znaczeń – niewiedzy, grzechu, niskiego położenia społecznego, w końcu także odrzucenia w sensie religijnym. Metafor odnoszących się do cech charakteryzujących ruch ciała ludzkiego podczas tańca dotyczy tekst Joanny Pędzisz „Reprezentacja ciała w ruchu: Między metaforą, wizualizacją a realizacją”, w którym wykorzystane są pojęcia i klasyfikacja ruchów opracowane przez niemieckiego choreografa Rudolfa Labana. Autorka wykorzystuje teoretyczne i metodologiczne założenia tej koncepcji do analizy przykładów ruchu charakteryzującego taniec współczesny. Celem jest określenie, dzięki jakim rodzajom metafor konceptualnych, formułowanych w postaci instrukcji tanecznych, następuje w umyśle tancerzy konstytuowanie się obrazu ich ciała oraz jakości ruchowych uwarunkowanych przestrzenią, ciężarem, czasem, przepływem i wysiłkiem. Podobnej tematyce poświęcony jest tekst Pauliny Zarębskiej „Wielopoziomowość metafor w improwizacji tanecznej”, w którym zarówno teoria Lakoffa i Johnsona, jak i Zoltána Kővecsesa, mówiąca o wielopoziomowości i schematyczności metafor wielomodalnych, jest wykorzystana do scharakteryzowania i weryfikacji wyników z autorskich badań empirycznych nad sposobem reprezentowania pojęć ogólnych za pomocą samego ruchu, jak i mentalnych reprezentacji przez tancerzy podczas improwizacji. Autorka, w oparciu o zebrany materiał z rejestracji wizualnej improwizowanych ruchów oraz wywiadów z tancerzami, dokonuje weryfikacji niektórych założeń koncepcji metafor orientacyjnych Lakoffa i Johnsona, pokazując w szczególności, jak pojęcia ogólne dobro oraz zło są reprezentowane przez tancerzy ruchowo i mentalnie. Problematykę blisko związana z koncepcjami metafor pojęciowych podejmuje Hanna Bytniewska w tekście „Amalgamaty koncepcyjne w designie”, w którym w oparciu o teorię amalgamatu koncepcyjnego (mieszanin pojęciowych) Gillesa Fauconniera i Marka Turnera dokonuje analiz wybranych przykładów projektów designerskich. Rozważany jest specyficzny język wizualny przedmiotów codziennego użytku, którym designerzy posługują się podczas swoich prac projektowych. Autorka rozważa design jako formę komunikacji między projektantem a użytkownikiem, w której ten pierwszy przekazuje drugiemu nie tylko informację o przedmiocie, ale również swoją wizję świata i codzienności; koncepcja metafory pojęciowej jest przydatna do zrozumienia tej komunikacji. Albert Łukasik w tekście „Emocje i nieświadome procesy w ucieleśnionych metaforach” rozpatruje, z punktu widzenia badań nad neuronalnymi korelatami leżącymi u podstaw używania i rozumienia języka figuratywnego, specyficzny sposób ucieleśnienia metafor. Znaczna część procesów odpowiedzialnych za posługiwanie się metaforami przebiega na poziomie nieświadomym. W szczególności Autor pokazuje, jak ucieleśnione metafory wpływają na procesy decyzyjne, a nawet moralny osąd i wskazuje na możliwości wykorzystania tego zjawiska w psychoterapii i edukacji. Tematyką neurologicznych i psychologicznych uwarunkowań posługiwania się metaforami w specyficznej komunikacji międzyludzkiej zajmuje się Kaja Brusik w tekście „Metafory w komunikacji osób chorych na schizofrenię: koncepcja Gregory’ego Batesona”. Omawia w szczególności przykłady zakłóceń w rozumieniu metaforycznych wypowiedzi przez schizofreników, którzy mają trudności rozpoznawania poziomów wypowiedzi – literalnego i metaforycznego – podczas kontaktów z terapeutami lub też, szerzej rzecz ujmując, w zaburzeniach kontaktów rodzinnych, które Bateson scharakteryzował i zdefiniował jako podwójne wiązanie. Do problemu cielesności, rozpatrywanego od strony kulturowej oraz literaturoznawczej, podchodzi Daria Targosz w „Metaforyczności ciała i sposobach obrazowania doświadczenia cielesnego”. Autorka większą uwagę poświęca podmiotowemu, a nie przedmiotowemu (jak w teoriach masowej komunikacji) ujęciu ciała, w szczególności analizując kwestię językowych zdolności i stylów mówienia o cielesności człowieka. W oparciu o koncepcje filozoficzne (fenomenologia cielesności Maurice’a Merleau-Ponty’ego) i literaturoznawcze (somatopoetyka Anny Łebkowskiej) ukazuje, że elementarne doświadczenie cielesności, jakie przeżywa każdy człowiek, a które jest przedstawiane w dziele literackim jako temat, nie odnosi się wyłącznie do ciała, ale również do jego kulturowych sensów i znaczeń. W tekście Marcina Kozaka „Poza reżimem do-słowności. Myślenie metaforą w prawie” scharakteryzowane jest funkcjonowanie metafor w dyskursie prawniczym. Autor pokazuje, jak zwroty metaforyczne pojawiają się w języku prawnym oraz w języku prawniczym, czym różni się ich funkcjonowanie w obu przypadkach. Ilustruje to przykładami z dyskursu prawniczego, uwikłanego w konteksty polityczne i ideologiczne, dotyczącego takich kwestii jak obowiązywanie prawa, władza, regulacje prawne dotyczące ciała, także technologii informatycznych. Omawia również dyskusje i spory w teorii i doktrynie prawa na temat metafor w nim funkcjonujących.
Частини книг з теми "Co-design problem"
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Aubrun, Christophe, Daniel Simon, and Ye-Qiong Song. "Introduction and Problem Statement." In Co-Design Approaches for Dependable Networked Control Systems, 1–18. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118557679.ch0.
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Adams, Robin S., Richard Aleong, Molly Goldstein, and Freddy Soils. "Problem Structuring as Co-Inquiry." In Analysing Design Thinking: Studies of Cross-Cultural Co-Creation, 405–32. Leiden,The Netherlands : CRC Press/Balkema, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315208169-22.
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Daly, Shanna, Seda McKilligan, Laura Murphy, and Anatasia Ostrowski. "Tracing Problem Evolution: Factors That Impact Design Problem Definition." In Analysing Design Thinking: Studies of Cross-Cultural Co-Creation, 555–72. Leiden,The Netherlands : CRC Press/Balkema, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315208169-30.
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Maher, M. L., and A. Gómez de Silva Garza. "Adapting Problem Specifications and Design Solutions Using Co-evolution." In Adaptive Computing in Design and Manufacture V, 257–71. London: Springer London, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-345-9_22.
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Chen, Chih-Chun, Maria A. Neroni, Vasconcelos Buur, and Nathan Crilly. "The Importance of Leadership in Design Team Problem-Solving." In Analysing Design Thinking: Studies of Cross-Cultural Co-Creation, 77–96. Leiden,The Netherlands : CRC Press/Balkema, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315208169-5.
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Dimitriou, Loukas, and Antony Stathopoulos. "Optimal Co-evolutionary Strategies for the Competitive Maritime Network Design Problem." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 818–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01129-0_92.
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Hanamatsu, Yasunori, Takahiro Fujiwara, Nariaki Onda, Tatsuro Sato, Tomomi Yamashita, and Fumihiko Yokota. "How Can We Develop a Co-design, Co-production, and Co-delivery Process Toward a Sustainable Local Society? Comparative Study on Transdisciplinary Research Projects." In Decision Science for Future Earth, 67–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8632-3_2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThis chapter will introduce the results of a comparative, interdisciplinary joint research on transdisciplinary research (TD), conducted by three social science researchers and three natural science researchers who work at the Decision Science Center for a Sustainable Society, Kyushu University (Institute of Decision Science for a Sustainable Society, Kyushu University, IDS3). Since the beginning of IDS3’s Future Earth project, or before the project became a global research program, all of us had engaged with TD research in our own local fields and disciplines, to solve local social problems while interacting with various social stakeholders. Our disciplines include public health, forest management, natural regeneration in paddy fields, small hydropower generation, local governance, and tourism promotion. While sharing the results of our TD projects among ourselves, we found some common questions and problem perspectives on Future Earth, mainly from the point of view of social science. In this chapter, we will present the outcome of our comparative joint research, including our common questions, perspectives, and problem setting on Future Earth and TD research. Then, we will propose some hypothetical indicators for the conditions and requirements for achieving successful “co-design/co-production/co-delivery.”
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Ruiz-Meza, José, Julio Brito, and Jairo R. Montoya-Torres. "A VND to Solve the Bi-objective Tourist Trip Design Problem with Fuzzy Constraints and Reducing CO$$_{2}$$." In Computational Intelligence Methodologies Applied to Sustainable Development Goals, 221–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97344-5_15.
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Vollenwyder, Beat, Esther Buchmüller, Christian Trachsel, Klaus Opwis, and Florian Brühlmann. "My Train Talks to Me: Participatory Design of a Mobile App for Travellers with Visual Impairments." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 10–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58796-3_2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractTravellers with visual impairments may face substantial information gaps on their journeys by public transport. For instance, information displayed in trains, as well as on departure boards in train stations and on platforms, are often not available in acoustic or tactile form. Digital technologies, such as smartphones or smartwatches, can provide an alternative means of access. However, these alternatives do not guarantee that the user experience is comparable in value, quality and efficiency. The present case study details a participatory design process, where travellers with visual impairments co-designed a mobile app. The goal was to tackle information gaps on journeys by public transport and to learn how participatory design can facilitate the provision of comparable experiences for users with disabilities. Travellers with visual impairments were involved in a collaborative process in all project phases, including problem identification, technical feasibility, proof of concept, design and development. Participatory design contributed to a thorough understanding of the user perspective and allowed the app to be optimised for the needs of travellers with visual impairments. Furthermore, co-design proved to be an effective method for fostering awareness and knowledge about digital accessibility at all organisational levels.
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Hanamatsu, Yasunori, Tomomi Yamashita, and Shota Tokunaga. "Sustainable Community Co-development Through Collaboration of Science and Society: Comparison of Success and Failure Cases on Tsushima Island." In Decision Science for Future Earth, 133–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8632-3_6.
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AbstractThis chapter examines how science can co-produce with local communities and what kind of roles it can play for local revitalization in one of the border islands of Japan, Tsushima (Nagasaki Prefecture). Currently, depopulation, declining birthrate, and aging population are accelerating in local regions all over Japan, and the management and survival of local communities is becoming “unsustainable.” Therefore, it has become a major issue on how to build a sustainable local community around Japan, and various efforts have already been made everywhere. Under these circumstances, the case of Tsushima is a practical case study of transdisciplinary research to develop a sustainable local community. This is also one of the Future Earth research which is based on the “co-design, co-production, and co-delivery between science and society.” This chapter will introduce two cases in Tsushima islands, and then, from the perspective of TD research, emphasize the importance of the role of coordinator, social sensitivity to local needs and realities, priority, problem framing, and scale setting.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Co-design problem"
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Azad, Saeed, and Michael J. Alexander-Ramos. "Robust MDSDO for Co-Design of Stochastic Dynamic Systems." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85855.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Optimization of dynamic engineering systems generally requires problem formulations that account for the coupling between embodiment design and control system design simultaneously. Such formulations are commonly known as combined optimal design and control (co-design) problems, and their application to deterministic systems is well-established in the literature through a variety of methods. However, an issue that has not been addressed in the co-design literature is the impact of the inherent uncertainties within a dynamic system on its integrated design solution. Accounting for these uncertainties transforms the standard, deterministic co-design problem into a stochastic one, thus requiring appropriate stochastic optimization approaches for its solution. This paper serves as the starting point for research on stochastic co-design problems by proposing and solving a novel problem formulation based on robust design optimization (RDO) principles. Specifically, a co-design method known as multidisciplinary dynamic system design optimization (MDSDO) is used as the basis for a RDO problem formulation and implementation. The robust objective and inequality constraints are computed per usual as functions of their first-order-approximated means and variances, whereas analysis-based equality constraints are evaluated deterministically at the means of the random decision variables. The proposed stochastic co-design problem formulation is then implemented for two case studies, with the results indicating a significant impact of the robust approach on the integrated design solutions and performance measures.
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Allison, James T., and Zhi Han. "Co-Design of an Active Suspension Using Simultaneous Dynamic Optimization." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48521.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Design of physical systems and associated control systems are coupled tasks; design methods that manage this interaction explicitly can produce system-optimal designs, whereas conventional sequential processes may not. Here we explore a new technique for combined physical system and control design (co-design) based on a simultaneous dynamic optimization approach known as direct transcription, which transforms infinite-dimensional control design problems into finite dimensional nonlinear programming problems. While direct transcription problem dimension is often large, sparse problem structures and fine-grained parallelism (among other advantageous properties) can be exploited to yield computationally efficient implementations. Extension of direct transcription to co-design gives rise to a new problem structures and new challenges. Here we illustrate direct transcription for co-design using a new automotive active suspension design example developed specifically for testing co-design methods. This example builds on prior active suspension problems by incorporating a more realistic physical design component that includes independent design variables and a broad set of physical design constraints, while maintaining linearity of the associated differential equations.
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Chivukula, Shruthi Sai, and Colin M. Gray. "Co-Evolving Towards Evil Design Outcomes: Mapping Problem and Solution Process Moves." In Design Research Society Conference 2020. Design Research Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21606/drs.2020.107.
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Munro, Tasman. "Appreciative Co-design: From Problem Solving to Strength-Based Re-authoring in Social Design." In Design Research Society Conference 2016. Design Research Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21606/drs.2016.271.
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Herber, Daniel R., and James T. Allison. "A Problem Class With Combined Architecture, Plant, and Control Design Applied to Vehicle Suspensions." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86213.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Here we describe a problem class with combined architecture, plant, and control design for dynamic engineering systems. The design problem class is characterized by architectures comprised of linear physical elements and nested co-design optimization problems employing linear-quadratic dynamic optimization. The select problem class leverages a number of existing theory and tools and is particularly attractive due to the symbiosis between labeled graph representations of architectures, dynamic models constructed from linear physical elements, linear-quadratic dynamic optimization, and the nested co-design solution strategy. A vehicle suspension case study is investigated and a specifically constructed architecture, plant, and control design problem is described. The result was the automated generation and co-design problem evaluation of 4,374 unique suspension architectures. The results demonstrate that changes to the vehicle suspension architecture can result in improved performance, but at the cost of increased mechanical complexity. Furthermore, the case study highlights a number of challenges associated with finding solutions to the considered class of design problems.
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Liu, Tianchen, Shapour Azarm, and Nikhil Chopra. "A Decentralized Approach for Multi-Subsystem Co-Design Optimization Using Direct Collocation Method." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67906.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Multi-subsystem co-design refers to the simultaneous optimization of physical plant and controller of a system decomposed into multiple interconnected co-design subsystems. In this paper, a new decentralized approach based on the direct collocation and decomposition-based optimization methods is formulated to solve multi-subsystem co-design problems. First, the problem is decomposed into physical plant and control parts. In the control part, the entire time horizon is discretized into subintervals and grid points. In this way, a continuous optimal control problem is converted into a finite dimensional nonlinear programming (NLP) problem. The optimality condition decomposition (OCD) method is employed to decompose and solve the converted NLP problem in a decentralized manner. Next, the dual decomposition method is used to optimize the plant part. Finally, the plant and control parts are connected by the gradients of Hamiltonian with respect to the plant variables. The proposed approach is applied to two examples. First, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the approach step-by-step. Then in the second example, a spring-mass-damper system is solved. For both examples, the solutions obtained by the proposed decentralized approach are compared against a centralized (all-in-one) approach.
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Pequito, Sergio, Soummya Kar, and George J. Pappas. "Minimum cost constrained input-output and control configuration co-design problem: A structural systems approach." In 2015 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2015.7171972.
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Chen, Wei, and Li Qiu. "A channel/controller co-design approach for infinite-horizon LQR problem with random input gains." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation (ICIA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icinfa.2013.6720411.
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Manfredi, Sabato, and Andrea Suardi. "Optimization-based procedure to support sensor network co-design: An application to dynamic consensus problem." In 2014 22nd Mediterranean Conference of Control and Automation (MED). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/med.2014.6961455.
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Herber, Daniel R., and James T. Allison. "Nested and Simultaneous Solution Strategies for General Combined Plant and Controller Design Problems." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67668.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article, general combined plant and controller design or co-design problems are examined. Previous work in co-design theory imposed restrictions on the type of problems that could be posed. This article lifts many of those restrictions. The problem formulations and optimality conditions for both the simultaneous and nested solution strategies are given. Due to a number of challenges associated with the optimality conditions, practical solution considerations are discussed with a focus the motivating reasons for using direct transcription in co-design. This article highlights some of the key concepts in general co-design including general coupling, the differences between the feasible regions for each strategy, general boundary conditions, inequality path constraints, system-level objectives, and the complexity of the closed-form solutions. Three co-design test problems are provided. A number of research directions are proposed to further co-design theory including tailored solution methods for reducing total computational expense, better comparisons between the two solution strategies, and more realistic test problems.
Звіти організацій з теми "Co-design problem"
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Ruvinsky, Alicia, Timothy Garton, Daniel Chausse, Rajeev Agrawal, Harland Yu, and Ernest Miller. Accelerating the tactical decision process with High-Performance Computing (HPC) on the edge : motivation, framework, and use cases. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42169.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Managing the ever-growing volume and velocity of data across the battlefield is a critical problem for warfighters. Solving this problem will require a fundamental change in how battlefield analyses are performed. A new approach to making decisions on the battlefield will eliminate data transport delays by moving the analytical capabilities closer to data sources. Decision cycles depend on the speed at which data can be captured and converted to actionable information for decision making. Real-time situational awareness is achieved by locating computational assets at the tactical edge. Accelerating the tactical decision process leverages capabilities in three technology areas: (1) High-Performance Computing (HPC), (2) Machine Learning (ML), and (3) Internet of Things (IoT). Exploiting these areas can reduce network traffic and shorten the time required to transform data into actionable information. Faster decision cycles may revolutionize battlefield operations. Presented is an overview of an artificial intelligence (AI) system design for near-real-time analytics in a tactical operational environment executing on co-located, mobile HPC hardware. The report contains the following sections, (1) an introduction describing motivation, background, and state of technology, (2) descriptions of tactical decision process leveraging HPC problem definition and use case, and (3) HPC tactical data analytics framework design enabling data to decisions.
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Chang, Michael Alan, Alejandra Magana, Bedrich Benes, Dominic Kao, and Judith Fusco. Driving Interdisciplinary Collaboration through Adapted Conjecture Mapping: A Case Study with the PECAS Mediator. Digital Promise, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/156.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this report, we demonstrate how an interdisciplinary team of computer science and learning sciences researchers utilize an adapted conjecture mapping tool during a collaborative problem-solving session. The session is documented through an edited “Dialogue” format, which captures the process of conjecture map construction and subsequent reflection. We find that creating the conjecture map collaboratively surfaces a key tension: while learning sciences theory often highlights the nuanced and complex relational nature of learning, even the most cutting-edge computing techniques struggle to discern these nuances. Articulating this tension proved to be highly generative, enabling the researchers to discuss how considering impacted community members as a critical “part of the solution” may lead to a socio-technical tool which supports desired learning outcomes, despite limitations in learning theory and technical capability. Ultimately, the process of developing the conjecture map directed researchers towards a precise discussion about how they would need to engage impacted community members (e.g., teachers) in a co-design process.
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Panchenko, Liubov F., and Ivan O. Muzyka. Analytical review of augmented reality MOOCs. [б. в.], February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3750.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the article is to provide an analytical review of the content of massive open online courses about augmented reality and its use in education with the further intent to create a special course for the professional development system for the research and teaching personnel in postgraduate education. The object of research is massive open online courses. The subject of the study is the structure and content of augmented reality MOOCs which are offered by acclaimed providers of the world. The methods of research are: the analysis of publications on the problem; the analysis of MOOCs’ content, including observation; systematization and generalization of research information in order to design a special course about augmented reality for the system of professional training and retraining for educators in postgraduate education. The results of the research are the following: the content and program of specialized course “Augmented Reality as a Storytelling Tool” for the professional development of teachers. The purpose of the specialized course is to consider and discuss the possibilities of augmented reality as a new direction in the development of educational resources, to identify its benefits and constraints, as well as its components and the most appropriate tools for educators, to discuss the problems of teacher and student co-creation on the basis of the use of augmented reality, and to provide students with personal experience in designing their own stories and methodical tools in the form of augmented books and supplementary training aids with the help of modern digital services.
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Ghanim, Murad, Joe Cicero, Judith K. Brown, and Henryk Czosnek. Dissection of Whitefly-geminivirus Interactions at the Transcriptomic, Proteomic and Cellular Levels. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592654.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Our project focuses on gene expression and proteomics of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) species complex in relation to the internal anatomy and localization of expressed genes and virions in the whitefly vector, which poses a major constraint to vegetable and fiber production in Israel and the USA. While many biological parameters are known for begomovirus transmission, nothing is known about vector proteins involved in the specific interactions between begomoviruses and their whitefly vectors. Identifying such proteins is expected to lead to the design of novel control methods that interfere with whitefly-mediated begomovirus transmission. The project objectives were to: 1) Perform gene expression analyses using microarrays to study the response of whiteflies (B, Q and A biotypes) to the acquisition of begomoviruses (Tomato yellow leaf curl (TYLCV) and Squash leaf curl (SLCV). 2) Construct a whitefly proteome from whole whiteflies and dissected organs after begomovirus acquisition. 3) Validate gene expression by q-RTPCR and sub-cellular localization of candidate ESTs identified in microarray and proteomic analyses. 4) Verify functionality of candidate ESTs using an RNAi approach, and to link these datasets to overall functional whitefly anatomical studies. During the first and second years biological experiments with TYLCV and SLCV acquisition and transmission were completed to verify the suitable parameters for sample collection for microarray experiments. The parameters were generally found to be similar to previously published results by our groups and others. Samples from whole whiteflies and midguts of the B, A and Q biotypes that acquired TYLCV and SLCV were collected in both the US and Israel and hybridized to B. tabaci microarray. The data we analyzed, candidate genes that respond to both viruses in the three tested biotypes were identified and their expression that included quantitative real-time PCR and co-localization was verified for HSP70 by the Israeli group. In addition, experiments were undertaken to employ in situ hybridization to localize several candidate genes (in progress) using an oligonucleotide probe to the primary endosymbiont as a positive control. A proteome and corresponding transcriptome to enable more effective protein identification of adult whiteflies was constructed by the US group. Further validation of the transmission route of begomoviruses, mainly SLCV and the involvement of the digestive and salivary systems was investigated (Cicero and Brown). Due to time and budget constraints the RNAi-mediated silencing objective to verify gene function was not accomplished as anticipated. HSP70, a strong candidate protein that showed over-expression after TYLCV and SLCV acquisition and retention by B. tabaci, and co-localization with TYLCV in the midgut, was further studies. Besides this protein, our joint research resulted in the identification of many intriguing candidate genes and proteins that will be followed up by additional experiments during our future research. To identify these proteins it was necessary to increase the number and breadth of whitefly ESTs substantially and so whitefly cDNAs from various libraries made during the project were sequenced (Sanger, 454). As a result, the proteome annotation (ID) was far more successful than in the initial attempt to identify proteins using Uniprot or translated insect ESTs from public databases. The extent of homology shared by insects in different orders was surprisingly low, underscoring the imperative need for genome and transcriptome sequencing of homopteran insects. Having increased the number of EST from the original usable 5500 generated several years ago to >600,000 (this project+NCBI data mining), we have identified about one fifth of the whitefly proteome using these new resources. Also we have created a database that links all identified whitefly proteins to the PAVEdb-ESTs in the database, resulting in a useful dataset to which additional ESTS will be added. We are optimistic about the prospect of linking the proteome ID results to the transcriptome database to enable our own and other labs the opportunity to functionally annotate not only genes and proteins involved in our area of interest (whitefly mediated transmission) but for the plethora of other functionalities that will emerge from mining and functionally annotating other key genes and gene families in whitefly metabolism, development, among others. This joint grant has resulted in the identification of numerous candidate proteins involved in begomovirus transmission by B. tabaci. A next major step will be to capitalize on validated genes/proteins to develop approaches to interfere with the virus transmission.