Готові списки джерел за темами / Clockwork mechanism

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Clockwork mechanism"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Clockwork mechanism"

Wood, Kieran, Paul M. Saffin, and Anastasios Avgoustidis. "Clockwork cosmology." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2023, no. 07 (July 1, 2023): 062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/07/062.

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Abstract The higher order generalisation of the clockwork mechanism to gravitational interactions provides a means to generate an exponentially suppressed coupling to matter from a fundamental theory of multiple interacting gravitons, without introducing large hierarchies in the underlying potential and without the need for a dilaton, suggesting a possible application to the hierarchy problem. We work in the framework of ghost free multi-gravity with “nearest-neighbour” interactions, and present a formalism by which one is able to construct potentials such that the theory will always exhibit this clockwork effect. We also consider cosmological solutions to the general theory, where all metrics are of FRW form, with site-dependent scale factors/lapses. We demonstrate the existence of multiple deSitter vacua where all metrics share the same Hubble parameter, and we solve the modified Einstein equations numerically for an example clockwork model constructed using our formalism, finding that the evolution of the metric that matter couples to is essentially equivalent to that of general relativity at the modified Planck scale. It is important to stress that while we focus on the application to clockwork theories, our work is entirely general and facilitates finding cosmological solutions to any ghost free multi-gravity theory with “nearest-neighbour” interactions. Moreover, we clarify previous work on the continuum limit of the theory, which is generically a scalar-tensor braneworld, using the Randall-Sundrum model as a special case and showing how the discrete-clockwork cosmological results map to the continuum results in the appropriate limit.

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Bai, Long, Fan Zheng, Xiaohong Chen, Yuanxi Sun, and Junzhan Hou. "Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Single-Actuator Continuous Hopping Robot Using the Geared Symmetric Multi-Bar Mechanism." Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9010013.

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This paper proposes the design and performance evaluation of a miniaturized continuous hopping robot RHop for unstructured terrain. The hopping mechanism of RHop is realized by an optimized geared symmetric closed-chain multi-bar mechanism that is transformed from the eight-bar mechanism, and the actuator of RHop is realized by a servo motor and the clockwork spring, thereby enabling RHop to realize continuous hopping while its motor rotates continuously only in one direction. Comparative simulations and experiments are conducted for RHop. The results show that RHop can realize better continuous hopping performance, as well as the improvement of energy conversion efficiency from 70.98% to 76.29% when the clockwork spring is applied in the actuator. In addition, comparisons with some state-of-the-art hopping robots are conducted, and the normalized results show that RHop has a better energy storage speed.

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Banerjee, I., T. Salih, H. Ramachandraiah, J. Erlandsson, T. Pettersson, A. C. Araújo, M. Karlsson, and A. Russom. "Slipdisc: a versatile sample preparation platform for point of care diagnostics." RSC Advances 7, no. 56 (2017): 35048–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra05209j.

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A novel POC sample preparation technology, “Slipdisc”, based rotational slipchip technology is presented. In operation, the hand-winded slipdisc platform uses a unique clockwork mechanism to manipulate minute amount of liquids.

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Bennet-Clark, H. C., and Winston J. Bailey. "Ticking of the clockwork cricket: the role of the escapement mechanism." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 5 (March 1, 2002): 613–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.5.613.

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SUMMARYThe ‘clockwork cricket’ model for cricket sound production suggests that the catch-and-release of the file of one forewing by the plectrum on the opposite wing act as an ‘escapement’ to provide the phasic impulses that initiate and sustain the vibration of the resonant regions of the wings from which the sounds are produced. The action of the escapement produces the familiar ticking sound of clocks.The higher-frequency components of the songs of twelve species of cricket were analysed after removing the dominant low-frequency components and amplifying the remaining higher-frequency components. In normal song pulses of all species, the higher-frequency components showed a close phase-locking to the waveform of the dominant frequency, but the amplitude of the higher-frequency components did not correlate with that at the dominant frequency.Anomalous pulses occurred spontaneously in the songs of several species: multimodal, interrupted or curtailed pulses are described. In all of these, the anomalous pulse envelope was associated with changes in the amplitude and/or instantaneous frequency of the higher-frequency components of the sound.A model of the escapement suggests that the frequency of the residual components of the song depends on the symmetry of action of the plectrum on the teeth of the file.

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Chrysoula Markou. "The Linear Dilaton: from the Clockwork Mechanism to Its Supergravity Embedding." Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters 17, no. 5 (September 2020): 660–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1547477120050271.

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Herzog, Erik D., and William J. Schwartz. "Invited Review: A neural clockwork for encoding circadian time." Journal of Applied Physiology 92, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00836.2001.

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10.1152/japplphysiol.00836.2001.—Many daily biological rhythms are governed by an innate timekeeping mechanism or clock. Endogenous, temperature-compensated circadian clocks have been localized to discrete sites within the nervous systems of a number of organisms. In mammals, the master circadian pacemaker is the bilaterally paired suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the anterior hypothalamus. The SCN is composed of multiple single cell oscillators that must synchronize to each other and the environmental light schedule. Other tissues, including those outside the nervous system, have also been shown to express autonomous circadian periodicities. This review examines 1) how intracellular regulatory molecules function in the oscillatory mechanism and in its entrainment to environmental cycles; 2) how individual SCN cells interact to create an integrated tissue pacemaker with coherent metabolic, electrical, and secretory rhythms; and 3) how such clock outputs are converted into temporal programs for the whole organism.

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Cattenoz, Pierre B., and Angela Giangrande. "New insights in the clockwork mechanism regulating lineage specification: Lessons from theDrosophilanervous system." Developmental Dynamics 244, no. 3 (December 11, 2014): 332–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.24228.

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Pacelli, Consiglia, Giovannina Rotundo, Lucia Lecce, Marta Menga, Eris Bidollari, Rosella Scrima, Olga Cela, et al. "Parkin Mutation Affects Clock Gene-Dependent Energy Metabolism." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 11 (June 5, 2019): 2772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112772.

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Growing evidence highlights a tight connection between circadian rhythms, molecular clockworks, and mitochondrial function. In particular, mitochondrial quality control and bioenergetics have been proven to undergo circadian oscillations driven by core clock genes. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons. Almost half of the autosomal recessive forms of juvenile parkinsonism have been associated with mutations in the PARK2 gene coding for parkin, shown to be involved in mitophagy-mediated mitochondrial quality control. The aim of this study was to investigate, in fibroblasts from genetic PD patients carrying parkin mutations, the interplay between mitochondrial bioenergetics and the cell autonomous circadian clock. Using two different in vitro synchronization protocols, we demonstrated that normal fibroblasts displayed rhythmic oscillations of both mitochondrial respiration and glycolytic activity. Conversely, in fibroblasts obtained from PD patients, a severe damping of the bioenergetic oscillatory patterns was observed. Analysis of the core clock genes showed deregulation of their expression patterns in PD fibroblasts, which was confirmed in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) derived thereof. The results from this study support a reciprocal interplay between the clockwork machinery and mitochondrial energy metabolism, point to a parkin-dependent mechanism of regulation, and unveil a hitherto unappreciated level of complexity in the pathophysiology of PD and eventually other neurodegenerative diseases.

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Imamura, Kiyomichi, Hikari Yoshitane, Kazuki Hattori, Mitsuo Yamaguchi, Kento Yoshida, Takenori Okubo, Isao Naguro, Hidenori Ichijo, and Yoshitaka Fukada. "ASK family kinases mediate cellular stress and redox signaling to circadian clock." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 14 (March 19, 2018): 3646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719298115.

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Daily rhythms of behaviors and physiologies are generated by the circadian clock, which is composed of clock genes and the encoded proteins forming transcriptional/translational feedback loops (TTFLs). The circadian clock is a self-sustained oscillator and flexibly responds to various time cues to synchronize with environmental 24-h cycles. However, the key molecule that transmits cellular stress to the circadian clockwork is unknown. Here we identified apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK), a member of the MAPKKK family, as an essential mediator determining the circadian period and phase of cultured cells in response to osmotic changes of the medium. The physiological impact of ASK signaling was demonstrated by a response of the clock to changes in intracellular redox states. Intriguingly, the TTFLs drive rhythmic expression of Ask genes, indicating ASK-mediated association of the TTFLs with intracellular redox. In behavioral analysis, Ask1, Ask2, and Ask3 triple-KO mice exhibited compromised light responses of the circadian period and phase in their activity rhythms. LC-MS/MS–based proteomic analysis identified a series of ASK-dependent and osmotic stress-responsive phosphorylations of proteins, among which CLOCK, a key component of the molecular clockwork, was phosphorylated at Thr843 or Ser845 in the carboxyl-terminal region. These findings reveal the ASK-dependent stress response as an underlying mechanism of circadian clock flexibility.

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Shi, Yuxuan, Yanyu Wang, and Haoran Zheng. "Wind Speed Prediction for Offshore Sites Using a Clockwork Recurrent Network." Energies 15, no. 3 (January 20, 2022): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030751.

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Offshore sites show greater potential for wind energy utilization than most onshore sites. When planning an offshore wind power farm, the speed of offshore wind is used to estimate various operation parameters, such as the power output, extreme wind load, and fatigue load. Accurate speed prediction is crucial to the running of wind power farms and the security of smart grids. Unlike onshore wind, offshore wind has the characteristics of random, intermittent, and chaotic, which will cause the time series of wind speeds to have strong nonlinearity. It will bring greater difficulties to offshore wind speed predictions, which traditional recurrent neural networks cannot deal with for lacking in long-term dependency. An offshore wind speed prediction method is proposed by using a clockwork recurrent network (CWRNN). In a CWRNN model, the hidden layer is subdivided into several parts and each part is allocated a different clock speed. Under the mechanism, the long-term dependency of the recurrent neural network can be easily addressed, which can furthermore effectively solve the problem of strong nonlinearity in offshore speed winds. The experiments are performed by using the actual data of two different offshore sites located in the Caribbean Sea and one onshore site located in the interior of the United States, to verify the performance of the model. The results show that the prediction model achieves significant accuracy improvement.

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Дисертації з теми "Clockwork mechanism"

Mundy, Wayne Russell. "The analysis of runaway escapements utilised in clockwork mechanisms." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11663.

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M. Ing. (Mechanical Engineering)
Runaway escapements of various types are utilised as timing regulators or inertial governors in clockwork mechanisms. This work developed a computer simulation of a spring driven runaway escapement having a flat sided pallet. The mathematical analysis took into account the three motion regimes of the escapement, that is, coupled motion, free motion and impact, and allows for equal and unequal arm pallets and pallets with arbitrarily located centres of mass. Rotor disc friction was also taken into account. Three escapement types were designed using geometric design principles developed. Two of these escapements were then manufactured and tested for arming time on a specially built test base. Simulation runs using the dimensions of these escapements were in excellent agreement with the experimental results. The simulation model was found to be well suited for conducting parametric studies of the spring driven escapement.

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Kushwaha, Ashwani. "Novel Pathways for Beyond Standard Model Physics." Thesis, 2020. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/5209.

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In the light of discovering the Higgs boson and null results at the LHC, we look for new pathways for Beyond Standard Model Physics, which could accommodate at least one of the Standard Model shortcomings. (i) Unification with Vector like particles. We look for minimal extensions of the Standard Model with Vector like fermions leading to precision perturbative unification of gauge couplings. Constraints from proton decay and Higgs stability are considered. The minimal models require two different incomplete representations (under SU(5)) of fermions. All of them contain coloured vector fermions, which can be probed at LHC. (ii) Neutrino masses from Clockwork and flavour violation. We studied the fermionic clockwork model for Dirac neutrino masses and studied the lepton flavour violation. We generalized the clockwork framework for the presence of Majorana masses and gave general analytical formulae. Phenomenological implications are studied. (iii). Higgs is a composite pseudo-Nambu goldstone boson. We study a concrete 5D realization of a composite Twin Higgs model from the spontaneous breaking of a global SO(8) symmetry to an SO(7) subgroup, and a discrete symmetry additionally protects mass due to the twin mechanism. We study the model where fermions resonances are heavy enough to alleviate the pressure from direct searches and manifest theories with low fine-tuning survive constraints from the Large Hadron Collider.

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Книги з теми "Clockwork mechanism"

Clockwork garden: On the mechanistic reduction of living things. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1986.

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Geĭko, A. G. Mekhanicheskie dikoviny: Muzykalʹnye, chasovye, animat︠s︡ionnye mekhanizmy vekov v sobranii Gosudarstvennogo Ėrmitazha : katalog vystavki = Mechanical curiosities : musical, clockwork, animated mechanisms from the 17th--19th centuries in the State Hermitage collection : exhibition catalogue. Sankt-Peterburg: Izdatelʹstvo Gosudarstvennogo Ėrmitazha, 2015.

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Kamiya, Yuu. Clockwork Planet. Kodansha Comics, an imprint of Kodansha USA Publishing, LLC, 2017.

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Kamiya, Yuu. Clockwork planet. Kodansha Comics, an imprint of Kodansha USA Publishing, LLC, 2017.

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Kamiya, Yuu. Clockwork planet. 2018.

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Kamiya, Yuu. Clockwork planet. 2017.

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Kamiya, Yuu. Clockwork planet. Kodansha Comics, an imprint of Kodansha USA Publishing, LLC, 2017.

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Kamiya, Yuu. Clockwork planet. 2017.

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Kamiya, Yuu. Clockwork planet. Kodansha Comics, an imprint of Kodansha USA Publishing, LLC, 2017.

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Kamiya, Yuu. Clockwork planet. 2018.

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Частини книг з теми "Clockwork mechanism"

Bencze, Lajos, and Robert Kurdi. "Nanomolecular Switches Operated by Clockwork Mechanism." In Metathesis Chemistry, 441–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6091-5_29.

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Callegari, Massimo, Paolo Clini, Luca Carbonari, Renato Angeloni, Mirco D’Alessio, and Cecilia Scoccia. "Ctesibius, Vitruvius and Leonardo: A Digital Reconstruction of the Water Clockwork Timeline." In Explorations in the History and Heritage of Machines and Mechanisms, 134–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98499-1_12.

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Boullin, David J. "Mechanical Control of Gaslight: an Account of Clockwork Mechanisms Used for Operating Gaslights." In The History and Preservation of Chemical Instrumentation, 187–210. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4690-3_15.

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"Clockwork Mechanics." In Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy, 772. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14169-5_300057.

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"The Mechanics of Progress." In The Clockwork Muse, 81–98. Harvard University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvjhzsj2.8.

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Nepstad, Sharon Erickson. "APPLICATIONS OF CLOCKWORK." In A General History of Horology, 569–98. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863915.003.0023.

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Abstract Geared or clockwork mechanisms have many time-related uses beyond straightforward time-telling. In science, orreries offer models of the solar system; short-duration timing (for sports as well) is achieved with chronoscopes, chronographs, and stopwatches; instruments such as telescopes require drives to keep them aligned on target, while heliostats, siderostats, and coelostats maintain a fixed relationship between two objects, one celestial and one local. Time signatures in music can be followed with metronomes, while clocks have provided time for car drivers on the move since the early days of the automobile. Night watchman’s clocks, or noctuaries, provide tamperproof recording devices to monitor the diligence of security staff in making their rounds. Finally, when cooking on open fires, clockwork roasting-jacks allowed the regular and consistent turning of meats to be roasted.

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Wilson Ruffo, Kathleen. "Like Clockwork: Timely Authorial Mechanisms in Guillaume de Machaut." In The Worlds of Villard de Honnecourt: The Portfolio, Medieval Technology, and Gothic Monuments, 264–90. BRILL, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004529106_012.

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Magee, Patrick, and Mark Tooley. "Intravenous Pumps and Syringe Drivers." In The Physics, Clinical Measurement and Equipment of Anaesthetic Practice for the FRCA. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595150.003.0031.

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Many infusions are given by gravity assisted, drip sets that give a flowrate dependent on the height of the reservoir above the patient, the length of the tubing, the bore of the IV cannula, the density and viscosity of the fluid being delivered, and the patient’s venous pressure. However there is an increasing tendency to use programmable volumetric intravenous pumps and syringe drivers to deliver intravenous anaesthesia, fluids, patient controlled analgesia, epidural infusions and other drugs. Not only are they programmable, but they can also be adjusted to give desired flowrates or volumes. Some infusion devices are powered only by gravity, but the flowrate is controlled by a photoelectric drip rate detector in conjunction with a microprocessor controlled drip occlusion device. Other infusion devices use a stepper motor to control the rate of infusion. A stepper motor is designed so that the rotation is by a fixed amount per supplied electrical pulse, independent of the mechanical load it is carrying. The pulses are controlled by a microprocessor in the pump and the rate of infusion is dependent on the stepper motor’s output. Syringe drivers are designed to use a range of syringe sizes and some require special delivery tubing. The flow is a continuous, pulsatile flow and accuracy is 2–5%. Some syringe drivers are driven by clockwork motors, others by a battery powered motor that is intermittently on and off, depending on required flowrate. The driving mechanism is usually by a screw threaded rod connected to the syringe plunger. Other syringe drivers use a stepper motor connected to the screw threaded rod. Care should be taken not to position the syringe driver above the patient’s venous cannula or the syringe may siphon a drug additional to that programmed on the driver, by virtue of the weight of the column of fluid in the tubing above the patient. Care should also be taken to avoid any bubbles in the syringe reaching the patient. Modern syringe drivers are usually sufficiently accurate over the desired range of infusion [Stokes et al. 1990]. However, there may be a delay before the drug is delivered to the patient as the parts attached to the syringe take up slack [O’Kelly et al. 1992].

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Andrewes, William. "Introducing Martin Burgess, Clockmaker." In Harrison Decoded, 35–47. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816812.003.0003.

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In 1775, two years after receiving the second half of the Longitude Prize, John Harrison (1693–1776) published a book, which, among other things, described a pendulum clock that could keep time to one second in 100 days. His claim of such unprecedented accuracy for a clock with a pendulum swinging in free air (i.e. not in a vacuum) was met with ridicule both at the time of its publication and for the next two centuries. This chapter describes the early life of Martin Burgess, the clockmaker who proved that Harrison’s claim was indeed true. Like Harrison, Martin was a self-taught clockmaker. From his training in the arts and crafts, he saw the mechanics of clockwork as sculpture in its own right, each element contributing to the overall design. Martin’s upbringing, his education, and his unusual lifestyle and approach were all crucial to his quest to prove that John Harrison was right.

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