Дисертації з теми "Climatic resilience"
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Bahadur, Aditya Vansh. "Policy climates and climate policies : analysing the politics of building resilience to climate change." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48873/.
Повний текст джерелаWilliams, Emma Clare, and Emma Clare Williams. "Prescribed Fire Can Increase Multi-Species, Regional-Scale Resilience to Increasing Climatic Water Deficit." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622901.
Повний текст джерелаHoppe-Speer, Sabine Clara-Lisa. "Response of mangroves in South Africa to anthropogenic and natural impacts." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012123.
Повний текст джерелаPereira, Taryn, Sheona Shackleton, and Felix Kwabena Donkor. "Integrating Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) for greater local level resilience: lessons from a multi-stakeholder think-tank." Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62027.
Повний текст джерелаSibanda, Patience. "Climate change mitigation and resilience by four major supermarkets in East London, South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5406.
Повний текст джерелаDuveneck, Matthew Joshua. "Managing for Resistance and Resilience of Northern Great Lakes Forests to the Effects of Climate Change." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1551.
Повний текст джерелаHamer, Nick, and Sheona Shackleton. "Interaction of multiple stressors: vulnerability, coping and adaptation within the context of climate change and HIV/AIDS in South Africa: Investigating strategies to strengthen livelihoods and food security and build resilience." Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/50065.
Повний текст джерелаMacKendrick, Katharine. "Climate Change Adaptation Planning for Cultural and Natural Resource Resilience: a Look at Planning for Climate Change in Two Native Nations in the Pacific Northwest U.S." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10022.
Повний текст джерелаThe literature indicates that for indigenous peoples the environmental impacts of climate change and some proposed solutions threaten lifeways, subsistence, economic ventures, future growth, cultural survivability, rights, land ownership, and access to resources. However, limited understanding and awareness of the vulnerability and capacity of American Indian and Alaska Native tribes and of climate change impacts at the local level affect climate policymaking, planning, and equity. Case studies with the Coquille and Hoopa Valley Indian tribes in the Pacific Northwest U.S. explore the key considerations in planning for climate change adaptation, particularly for cultural and natural resource resilience. Document analysis and semi-structured interviews offer insight on the risks the tribes face and the role of traditional and local knowledge and experience in planning for climate change adaptation. Conclusions offer information useful in planning for climate impacts, local-level climate adaptation research, and climate policy development at the local to global levels.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Michael Hibbard, Chair; Dr. Cassandra Moseley; Kathy Lynn
Nzante, Ekiyie. "Improving socio-ecological resilience strategies of climate change in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018823.
Повний текст джерелаSolórzano, Sánchez Ana Evanisi. "Linking social protection and resilience to climate change : a case study of the conditional cash transfer programme 'Oportunidades' in rural Yucatan, Mexico." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/58080/.
Повний текст джерелаAllcock, Samantha Lee. "Living with a changing climate : Holocene climate variability and socio-evolutionary trajectories, central Turkey." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1591.
Повний текст джерелаIsmayilov, Orkhan M. "Economic Resilience, Disasters, and Green Jobs: An Institutional Collective Action Framework." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1062807/.
Повний текст джерелаPesic, Nikola. "Geo-climatic potential for advanced natural ventilation comfort cooling approach in mid-rise office buildings in the north-western Mediterranean." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670793.
Повний текст джерелаEl objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el potencial geo-climático para el ahorro de energía de enfriamiento de confort en los edificios de oficinas de mediana altura aplicando el concepto de ventilación natural avanzada (ANV). El enfoque es en la costa Mediterránea de Cataluña y las ubicaciones geográficas seleccionadas: Barcelona, Terrassa y Tarragona. La primera parte de investigación evalúa el potencial climático de ventilación natural (CPNV), un nivel teórico de disponibilidad de ventilación natural (NV) aplicando el modelo de confort térmico adaptativo. Para una comparación de los potenciales geo-climáticos en un contexto regional más amplio, están elegidas las ubicaciones a lo largo del Mediterráneo Norte: Valencia, Marsella, Roma, Koper, Split, Atenas y Nicosia. Los resultados confirman que NV es factible principalmente desde abril hasta octubre, mientras que en julio y agosto es considerablemente limitada. La segunda parte del trabajo examina los ahorros de energía de enfriamiento de un hipotético modelo “A” del edificio de oficinas de media altura. Las simulaciones de rendimiento de edificios (BPS) en la región de Cataluña demuestran una reducción anual de cargas de enfriamiento entre 22% y 51%. El mismo modelo posicionado a lo largo del Mediterráneo Norte muestra la reducción de las cargas anuales en un rango más amplio, entre 6% y 51%. La siguiente sección evalúa los niveles de vulnerabilidad al cambio climático aplicando escenarios climáticos para los años 2050 y 2080. Se indica que el potencial de ANV se reducirá cerca de cero en julio y agosto de 2080. Sin embargo, la introducción de unas técnicas de enfriamiento asistidas demuestra que ese impacto puede ser absorbido aproximadamente a la escala previamente evaluada en el horizonte de 2050. La última parte de investigación exhibe que el modelo “B” tiene un mejor nivel de la eficiencia energética del enfriamiento de confort: se fusionan técnicas de NV seleccionadas para aprovechar las temperaturas exteriores nocturnas más bajas por medios pasivos, cuyo potencial se refleja sobre la disminución de las cargas de enfriamiento activo diurno. Para este propósito, el modelo posicionado en Barcelona consigue la reducción anual de las cargas de enfriamiento en un 65% en las condiciones meteorológicas actuales. En conclusión, bajo las configuraciones climáticas proyectadas para 2050 y 2080, en Barcelona, Terrassa y Tarragona, la serie de BPS muestra un mayor nivel de resiliencia climática con la reducción de las cargas de enfriamiento entre 53% y 59%. El aporte clave de la investigación se encuentra en BPS experimentales del modelo “A” donde se detectan las debilidades del sistema ANV como consecuencia del cambio climático estimado. En relación con los rendimientos de enfriamiento limitados, ANV se cambia de un concepto autónomo a ser parte de un sistema de ventilación más complejo con los ciclos específicos diurnos y nocturnos. Este nuevo enfoque de diseño establecido basado en el almacenamiento dinámico de calor se asocia con una introducción del aire exterior con temperaturas más bajas durante la noche y las primeras horas de la mañana, como menos afectado por el futuro cambio climático regional. Un impulso ventajoso logrado en el desempeño energético se categoriza a través de las fortalezas y oportunidades. Por lo tanto, el modelo "B" representa la forma del edificio receptivo al clima con un sistema de enfriamiento de confort integrado sensible, lo que ofrece un mayor nivel de eficiencia energética, visto también como un factor adquirido de resiliencia frente a las amenazas estimadas del cambio climático. Tal prototipo de edificio hipotético puede resultar como un contribuyente beneficioso en el proceso actual de despliegue rápido de fuentes de energía renovables en el sector de la construcción regional, observado también desde la perspectiva de la transición energética en curso de la Unión Europea
Mascarenhas, Nina(Nina Theresa). "Collaborative governance in regional climate resilience planning : a case study of the Resilient Mystic Collaborative." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128969.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from student-submitted PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-53).
by Nina Mascarenhas.
M.C.P.
M.C.P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning
Liebergesell, Mario, Björn Reu, Ulrike Stahl, Martin Freiberg, Erik Welk, Jens Kattge, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, and Josep Peñuelas. "Functional resilience against climate-driven extinctions." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-204141.
Повний текст джерелаWatson, Stephen C. L. "The impact of multiple stressors on coastal biodiversity and associated ecosystem services." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16817.
Повний текст джерелаXiao, Qian. "Climate resilient city." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254675.
Повний текст джерелаSchmidt, Stephan Wayne. "INTEGRATING SOLAR ENERGY AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT RESILIENCE PLANNING." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1211.
Повний текст джерелаSadauskis, Rolands. "Building resilience to climate-driven regime shifts." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-64551.
Повний текст джерелаDaniels, Christa. "Landscape Visualization: Influence on Engagement for Climate Resilience." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1519208099464983.
Повний текст джерелаOpedal, Oystein Hjorthol. "Topographic complexity and biotic resilience to climate change." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-21406.
Повний текст джерелаRojo, Juan. "URBAN CLIMATE RESILIENCE AND THE PROMISE OF BIG DATA SOLUTIONS : ASSESSING BIG DATA APPLICATION INTO MADRID’S URBAN CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE SCENARIO." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286117.
Повний текст джерелаChelleri, Lorenzo. "Worban Resilience and (un)sustainability. Exploring the nexus between resilience and urban systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284025.
Повний текст джерелаThis Doctoral Thesis represents a first explorative research work over the generic and specific possible interpretations and meanings referred to the relationships between resilience and urban systems. As the title’s catchword introduces, WORBAN is about the world and urban systems resilience as a result of the complex cross scales nature and dimensions of cities, nested in global networks, which definitely represent the mayor driver of global environmental change. Due to the existing variety of multidisciplinary resilience theoretical perspectives we decided to navigate different possible applications and examples of urban resiliency, from developing countries urban growth to urban planning processes in OCSE. Notwithstanding the potential fuzziness of such too broad framework, a specific conceptual common thread develops along the three case studies, the evolution of (urban) resilience perspectives relating it to (urban) vulnerability, (urban) growth and (urban) renewal capacities. A strong literature review is proposed in the first part of the thesis in order to explore the state of the art on resilience and urban resilience emerging paradigms. In the second part, as in the case of a learning process from the easier to the more complex urban resilience perspective, the case studies explain respectively: a) The urban resiliency and timeline: relating resilience to vulnerability and Climate Change threats. The Netherland example builds strong evidences over the short term links with recovery and (system) protection resilient strategies, underlining the usefulness and necessity of framing urban long term resilience toward system structural and functional changes (transitions). b) The urban resiliency and sustainability: relating resilience to fast urbanization processes in developing countries due to global economy and its cross scale effects. The Moroccan case study underline the “resilience for whom” emergent critical perspective, because of the cross scale consequences of the new urban resiliency (and transition) based on global commodity chains better than be sustained from local and regional resources. Deep unsustainable and inequitable transformations emerge from such urban metabolism shift, related to social justice because of a cultural and behavioural induced changes and essential ecosystem services access and benefits re-distribution. c) The urban resiliency behind urban renewal in global cities: relating resilience to power issues in shaping new forms and functions in emerging global cities. Barcelona case study wants to put at the forefront of urban resilience discussion the gap between generic urban resilience (maintain the global network strategic position benefitting markets chains tradeoffs) versus local citizen resilience and needs. From both theoretic reviews and case studies insights we can definitely consider urban resilience as “a multidisciplinary framework to explore the reactive, recovery, adaptive and transformability capacities of (and in) urban systems”. In doing so, the application of this framework has underlined the need of recognizing the benefits of self-sufficiency, redundancy (less efficiency), learning capacities and innovations as core principles for sustainable urban resiliency and transitions. Last but not least, the fundamental research question (and urban resilience focus) must always critically arise the issue of ”resilience of what to what”, and “resilience for whom” that we try to address.
O'Brien, Geoff. "Disaster management, climate change and variability and social resilience." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2008. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/3142/.
Повний текст джерелаAlfraidi, Yahya. "Developing building design resilience strategies to climate change risks." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2011360/.
Повний текст джерелаGriffiths, Rebecca Siân. "Farmers' resilience to climate change in the Welsh Marshes." Thesis, University of Worcester, 2015. http://eprints.worc.ac.uk/4539/.
Повний текст джерелаBoucek, Ross E. "Investigating Sub-tropical Community Resistance and Resilience to Climate Disturbance." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2993.
Повний текст джерелаKatich, Kristina Noel. "Urban climate resilience : a global assessment of city adaptation plans." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49698.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (p. 77-80).
As policy makers accept climate change as an irrefutable threat, adaptation planning has emerged as a necessary action for countries, states, and municipalities. This thesis explores adaptive responses to climate change in 17 cities, comparing municipal plans created to "battle" a global problem at the local level. Incorporating capitals and megacities from both the developed and developing worlds, this analysis studies whether municipal responses to the impacts of climate change adhere to the conventional understanding of who needs to adapt and how they are planning for adaptation. The three assumptions challenged in this analysis are (1) that mitigation is primarily a responsibility of the global north while adaptation is the primary response of the global south, (2) that adaptive action is planned in response to vulnerability, and (3) that mitigation action and groups pave the way for subsequent adaptation through the creation of knowledge and global networks on climate issues. Through a comparison of the levels of resource and hazard assessment, objective frameworks, levels of coordination, citizen involvement mechanisms, and concern for equity that city governments are using to develop climate action plans, I argue that municipalities are not using the resources and priorities ascribed to them by the global community. Instead, global networks and programs, as they are now, encourage the creation of perfunctory adaptation statements, rather than specific actions.
(cont.) Global mitigation relationships are effectively muddling and suppressing the creative development of local strategies for climate change adaptation. Keywords: climate change, adaptation, resilience, vulnerability, municipal adaptation plan, city adaptation plan, risk
by Kristina Noel Katich.
M.C.P.
Detroit, Ryan N. "Disaster Proof: The Ephemeralization of Prefabricated Architecture for Climate Resilience." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1554120881444618.
Повний текст джерелаRafael, Sandra Isabel Moreira. "Urban air quality and climate change: vulnerability, resilience and adaptation." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23029.
Повний текст джерелаAs cidades, áreas que albergam cerca de 70% da população europeia, enfrentam hoje um conjunto de desafios associados a alterações do metabolismo urbano, que num contexto de alteração climática (AC), afectam o microclima urbano e a qualidade do ar (QA). Compreender a interação entre as AC, qualidade do ar e fluxos urbanos de calor (FUC) é um tópico de investigação emergente, reconhecido como área de interesse para a definição e implementação de políticas locais. O principal objetivo do presente trabalho é promover uma avaliação integrada das interações entre medidas de resiliência urbana e as AC, e respectiva influência no microclima urbano, QA e FUC, tendo como caso de estudo a cidade do Porto (Portugal). Pretende-se ainda impulsionar o desempenho dos modelos numéricos para que estes representem realisticamente os fenómenos físicos que ocorrem nas áreas urbanas. Para atingir este objetivo, o sistema de modelos WRF-SUEWS foi aplicado para a área de estudo para avaliar a influência de diferentes níveis de área urbanizada nas trocas de calor entre a superficie e a atmosfera. O modelo foi validado mediante a comparação dos seus resultados com dados medidos obtidos em campanhas de monitorização de fluxos. A influência das variáveis meteorológicas nos FUC, e a forma como estas, por sua vez, são influenciadas pela superfície urbana foi também avaliada. Para tal, o sistema WRF-SUEWS foi aplicado para 1-ano representativo de um período de clima presente (1986-2005) e de clima futuro de médio prazo (2046-2065). O cenário climático futuro foi projetado tendo por base o cenário RCP8.5. Esta análise permitiu quantificar e mapear os efeitos das AC nos FUC na cidade do Porto. Face à necessidade corrente de aumentar a resiliência urbana a futuros eventos meteorológicos extremos (e.g. ondas de calor), o sistema WRF-SUEWS foi ainda aplicado (com uma resolução espacial de 200 m) para avaliar a influência de medidas de resiliência nos FUC. Conhecendo a importância da morfologia urbana para as características do seu próprio clima, um conjunto de parameterizações urbanas (LSM, SUEWS e UCM) foram analisados para área de estudo, por forma a obter uma representação realista das características urbanas no modelo WRF e, consequentemente, obter um melhor desempenho na modelação da QA à escala local. Os resultados revelaram que o modelo UCM é a parameterização urbana que melhor representa os fluxos turbulentos de calor, a temperatura e velocidade do vento à superfície. Como resultado, o modelo CFD VADIS, inicializado pelo modelo WRF-UCM, foi aplicado com uma elevada resolução espacial (3 m) a um bairro típico da cidade do Porto. As simulações realizadas permitiram caracterizar o estado atual da QA na área de estudo, bem como avaliar a influência de diferentes medidas de resiliência nos padrões de velocidade do vento e na concentração de poluentes atmosféricos (PM10, NOX, CO e CO2). Este trabalho constitui uma ferramenta científica inovadora no que diz respeito ao conhecimento dos processos físicos que ocorrem à escala urbana, proporcionando uma visão integradora entre AC, QA e FUC. Estes resultados são relevantes para o apoio à decisão política do que respeita à implementação de estratégias que permitam aumentar a resiliência urbana, nas suas diversas vertentes, a um clima em mudança
Cities, home of about 70% of the European population, are facing important challenges related to changes in urban structure and its metabolism, and to pressures induced by climate change (CC) effects, which are affecting urban microclimate and air quality. The better understanding of the interactions between CC, air quality and urban surface energy balance (USEB) is an emerging priority for research and policy. The main objective of the current study is to provide an integrated assessment of the interaction between resilience measures and CC effects, and its influence on the urban microclimate and air quality as well as on the USEB, having as case study the city of Porto (Portugal). The ultimate goal is to improve the accuracy of numerical modelling to better represent the physical processes occurring in urban areas. For this purpose, the relevant parameters to both USEB and air quality were analysed. The WRF-SUEWS modelling setup was applied to the study area to assess the influence of different levels of urbanization on the surface-atmosphere exchanges. To validate the modelling setup, the results were compared with measurements carried out on field campaigns. The way of how the meteorological variables affect the USEB and how, in turn, these variables are themselves affected by urban surface was also assessed. The modelling setup was applied for 1-year period statistically representative of a present (1986-2005) and medium-term future (2046-2065) climate. The climate projection was produced under the RCP8.5 scenario. This analysis gives insights of how the urban-surface exchanges will be affected by CC, allowing the mapping of the FUC over the study area. As result of the need of increase cities resilience to future extreme weather events (e.g. heat waves), the WRF-SUEWS model (with a spatial resolution of 200 m), was applied to Porto city to evaluate the influence of a set of resilience measures on the USEB. Knowing the importance of urban surfaces to its own microclimate, a set of urban parameterization schemes (LSM, SUEWS and UCM) were analysed for the study area, to achieve a more accurate representation of urban features in the WRF model and, in consequence, to improve the capability of air quality modelling at urban/local scale. The results point out that the UCM is the urban parameterization that provides a more realistic representation of the turbulent energy fluxes and the near-surface air temperatures and wind speed. As result, a CFD modelling (VADIS), forced by WRF-UCM, was used to provide a set of numerical simulations with a high spatial resolution (3 m) over a typical neighbourhood in the Porto city. These simulations allow the characterization of the current air quality status over the study area, as well as the assessment of the influence of different resilience measures in the wind flow and air pollutants dispersion (PM10, NOX, CO and CO2). Overall, this research work is a step forward in understanding the physics of urban environments, providing also a linkage between CC, air quality and USEB. These findings are highly advantageous to support policy makers and stakeholders helping them to choose the best strategies to mitigate extreme weather events and air pollution episodes and so increase cities resilience to a future climate.
Haight, Jeffrey D. "Landscape Planning for Climate Change Resilience in the Southern Rockies." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7289.
Повний текст джерелаOlsen, Kate. "Colorado River cutthroat habitat resistance and resilience to climate change." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1965.
Повний текст джерелаBanuelos, Liana (Liana M. ). "Overcoming Barriers to Institutionalize Climate Change Resiliency Practices : MassDOT." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118266.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 91-93).
The most pronounced climate change effects in northeastern United States will be increased precipitation events, more frequent heat waves, and substantial sea level rise. These temperature and flooding outcomes place substantial risk on vital infrastructure that supports economic development, public health, and access to resources and amenities within the state of Massachusetts. As such, there is a need to mitigate these risks through long-range planning and climate change adaptation strategies. The Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) recognizes that infrastructure must be fortified through these methods but has yet to establish a systematic approach for quantifying climate change impacts, evaluating the costs and benefits of selective intervention, and implementing adaptation strategies. However, MassDOT operates within a complex political setting of constraints and conditions that may or may not be conducive to particular implementation mechanisms. Additionally, the hydrologic modeling and spatial analysis needed to identify specific areas of transportation infrastructure that are especially vulnerable to climate change effects will not be completed until late 2018. Cognizant of these constraints, this thesis aims to (1) synthesize the best climate change resiliency strategies from other large infrastructure owners/DOTs and (2) draw upon lessons learned from other agencies to recommend strategies for overcoming barriers to institutionalization at MassDOT. In this way, the department will have a roadmap to addressing existing gaps and barriers to implementation once the climate adaptation and vulnerability assessment tool has been developed. By strategically protecting infrastructure that will have the greatest benefit to MassDOT's constituents at the least cost, the department will be able to minimize the impacts of climate change and maintain a satisfying level of service despite increasing climate stresses on infrastructure and operations.
by Liana Banuelos.
M.C.P.
Joerin, Jonas. "Enhancing Climate-related Disaster Resilience of Urban Communities in Chennai, India." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157881.
Повний текст джерелаBarkley, Hannah Catherine. "A scientific framework for evaluating coral reef resilience to climate change." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107209.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
The 21st century warming and acidification of tropical oceans will impact the structure and function of coral reef ecosystems. Consequently, conservation efforts are increasingly focused on identifying and protecting reef communities that demonstrate resilience to these changes. In this thesis, I develop a scientific framework for identifying climate change resilience in coral communities and, using Palau's coral reefs as a case study, demonstrate the application of this approach. First, I use coral skeletal records to evaluate the sensitivity of coral communities to episodes of severe thermal stress. This information reveals coral reef communities that consistently exhibit weak responses to multiple high temperature events. Second, I evaluate coral reef community structure across a strong, natural pH gradient using metrics informed by laboratory ocean acidification studies. The coral communities of Palau's Rock Island reefs show a level of pH tolerance that is unique amongst reefs studied to date. Third, I conduct laboratory and field experiments to constrain the pH thresholds of these resilient corals and investigate potential mechanisms for pH tolerance. Finally, I combine archipelago-wide coral temperature and pH sensitivity data to construct climate change resilience indices. My study succeeds in identifying a small number of coral communities that have the potential to withstand 2 1st century climate change and highlights the spatial variability in community responses to ocean warming and acidification. Critically, I present a set of scientific tools and approaches for identifying resilient coral reef communities that has applicability to coral reefs worldwide.
by Hannah Catherine Barkley.
Ph. D.
Flores, Bernardo Monteiro. "Resilience of Amazonian forests: the roles of fire, flooding and climate." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ECOLOGIA, 2016. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23363.
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A Amaz?nia foi recentemente mostrada como um sistema florestal resiliente por apresentar uma r?pida recupera??o da biomassa ap?s a perturba??o humana. Entretanto, mudan?as clim?ticas podem aumentar a freq??ncia de secas e inc?ndios, o que implica na possibilidade de que uma parte dessa imensa floresta mude para o estado de savana. Apesar da bacia Amaz?nica parecer razoavelmente homog?nea, 14% inunda sazonalmente. Na minha tese, combino an?lises de dados de sat?lite com medidas e experimentos em campo para acessar o papel desses ecossistemas inund?veis em moldar a resili?ncia da floresta Amaz?nica. Primeiro, eu analiso a distribui??o de cobertura de arvores em toda a Amaz?nia para revelar que savanas s?o mais comuns nessas plan?cies inund?veis. Esse padr?o sugere que comparadas ? terra-firme, ?reas inund?veis passam mais tempo no estado de savana. Ainda, florestas inund?veis parecem ter um limiar em 1500 mm de chuva anual no qual podem virar savanna, enquanto que esse limiar para a terra-firme parece ser em cerca de 1000 mm de chuva. Combinando medidas usando imagens de sat?lite e em campo, eu mostro que a maior freq??ncia de savanas em ecossistemas inund?veis pode ser devido ? uma maior sensibilidade ao fogo. Ap?s um inc?ndio florestal, ?reas inund?veis perdem mais cobertura de ?rvores e fertilidade do solo, e recuperam mais lentamente que em terra-firme (capitulo 2). Em plan?cies de inunda??o do Rio Negro, eu estudei a recupera??o florestal ap?s fogo repetido usando dados de campo da ?rea basal de ?rvores, riqueza de esp?cies, disponibilidade de sementes e cobertura herb?cea. Os resultados indicam que o fogo repetido pode facilmente aprisionar florestas inund?veis por ?gua preta em um estado de vegeta??o aberta devido a perda repentina da resili?ncia florestal ap?s o segundo fogo (capitulo 3). Analises do solo e da composi??o de ?rvores em florestas inund?veis revelam que o primeiro fogo inicia um processo de perda da fertilidade do solo que intensifica enquanto ?rvores de savana passam a dominar a comunidade. Essa mudan?a na composi??o de ?rvores ocorre em menos de quatro d?cadas, possivelmente acelerada por uma r?pida lixivia??o dos nutrientes do solo. A r?pida savaniza??o de florestas inund?veis ap?s o fogo implica na exist?ncia de mecanismos que favore?am o recrutamento de ?rvores de savana, como, por exemplo, filtros ambientais (capitulo 4). No capitulo 5 eu testo experimentalmente no campo o papel da limita??o de dispers?o e de filtros ambientais para o recrutamento de ?rvores em florestas inund?veis ap?s o fogo. Eu combino invent?rios de sementes de ?rvores nesses locais queimados, com experimentos usando sementes e mudas plantadas de seis esp?cies de ?rvores que ocorrem nesse ecossistema. O fogo repetido reduz fortemente a disponibilidade de sementes de ?rvores, mas essas tem sucesso quando plantadas apesar da presen?a de um solo degradado e alta cobertura herb?cea. Ainda, solos degradados em locais que queimaram duas vezes parecem limitar o crescimento da maioria das esp?cies de ?rvores, mas n?o de ?rvores de savana com ra?zes profundas. Nossos resultados sugerem uma limita??o das ?rvores de floresta em dispersar para locais queimados e abertos. O conjunto das evid?ncias apresentadas nesta tese sustenta a hip?tese de que florestas inund?veis da Amaz?nia s?o menos resilientes que florestas de terra-firme, e mais propensas ? mudar para o estado de savana. A pouca habilidade que essas florestas t?m em reter a fertilidade do solo e recuperar a estrutura florestal ap?s o fogo, pode acelerar a transi??o para savana. Tamb?m apresento evid?ncia de que ?rvores de florestas inund?veis possuem limita??o de dispers?o. An?lises em larga escala espacial da cobertura de ?rvores em fun??o da quantidade de chuva anual sugerem que savanas s?o mais propensas a expandir primeiro nas ?reas inund?veis se o clima da Amaz?nia ficar mais seco. A expans?o de savanas por ecossistemas inund?veis para o cerne da Amaz?nia poderia espalhar fragilidade de um local inesperado.
Filipe, João Carlos Melanda. "Genetic variation and resilience to climate change in Mediterranean-type trees." Thesis, Filipe, João Carlos Melanda (2021) Genetic variation and resilience to climate change in Mediterranean-type trees. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/64408/.
Повний текст джерелаOspina, Parada Angelica. "Climate change adaptation and developing country livelihoods : the role of information and communication technologies." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/climate-change-adaptation-and-developing-country-livelihoods-the-role-of-information-and-communication-technologies(9b336c6a-d43d-4015-b106-4c002d0eb6b1).html.
Повний текст джерелаVarble, Sarah. "THE ROLE OF ADAPTATION AND INFORMATION IN AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENCE." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/975.
Повний текст джерелаKöchy, Martin, Martin Mathaj, Florian Jeltsch, and Dan Malkinson. "Resilience of stocking capacity to changing climate in arid to Mediterranean landscapes." Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1872/.
Повний текст джерелаKleinvieh ist eine wichtige Lebensgrundlage für die Landbevölkerung in trockenen Regionen. Wie stark wird sich der Klimawandel auf die Tragfähigkeit der Weideflächen auswirken? Wir benutzten hierarchische Modellierung, um das Wachstum von Sträuchern und einjährigen Kräutern, das wichtigste Futter für Ziegen und Schafe, quantitativ auf die Fläche von Landschaften in der östlichen Mittelmeerregion zu dimensionieren. Die Produktivität ohne Beweidung stieg sigmoidal mit dem mittleren Jahresniederschlag. Je trockener die Landschaft, desto stärker verminderte Beweidung die Produktion. An einem Punkt knapp unter der Tragfähigkeit der Vegetation, sank die Produktion stark mit zunehmender Beweidung, weil die Samenproduktion der Kräuter zu gering war. Wir wiederholten die Simulationen mit Niederschlagsverteilungsmustern gemäß zweier gegensätzlicher IPCC-Szenarien. Zukünftige Produktivität und Tragfähigkeit unterschieden sich in den meisten Fällen nicht von Ergebnissen auf Grund von historischer Niederschlagsverteilung. Allerdings war die zukünftige Produktivität in trockenen Habitaten der semiariden und trocken-mediterranen Regionen niedriger. Somit hat auch in Zukunft die Besatzdichte die größere Auswirkung auf die Produktivität dieser trockenen Landschaft als das Klima. "This abstract is provided by the authors, and is for convenience of the users only. The author certifies that the translation faithfully represents the official version in the language of the journal, which is the published Abstract of record and is the only Abstract to be used for reference and citation."
Mulyasari, Farah. "Enhancing Climate-related Disaster Resilience through Effective Risk Communication in Bandung, Indonesia." Master's thesis, 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188880.
Повний текст джерелаMackenzie, Muriel. "The promotion of resilience ad prevention of depression : impact of classroom climate." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.642845.
Повний текст джерелаDuncan, C. A. "Mangrove forest ecosystem services : biodiversity drivers, rehabilitation and resilience to climate change." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1553177/.
Повний текст джерелаChu, Eric (Eric Kwok-Wai). "Urban adaptations observed : the politics of governing climate resilience in Indian cities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99081.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 199-223).
An increasing number of international policymakers and funders have strongly advocated for programs that integrate and support both climate change adaptation and urban development, arguing that combining these two objectives will help ensure the long-term resilience of cities. This dissertation delves into the cases of Bhubaneswar, Indore, and Surat in India and looks at how urban local governments plan, implement, and advocate for locally grounded, contextually relevant adaptation and development priorities within their jurisdictions given such external mandates and incentives. My findings highlight two interrelated ways to theorize changing institutional relationships between climate adaptation, development planning, and urban political economy. First, through a process that I call street-level resilience making, I find that adaptation planning, implementation, and governance relies on the experimentation and co-creation of adaptation options between urban sectors and actors. Secondly, I show that urban adaptation is governed through power in translation, where different urban actors, groups, and communities contest intervening authorities through their ability to translate climate information, adaptation needs, and resilience-building options. In this context, cities are not in fact unidirectional recipients of external aid and support; rather, cities are taking ownership over how external funds get implemented, which urban actors participate in the process, and why certain sectors and populations receive more support than others. However, as cities gain authority over how external adaptation mandates get translated into concrete programs and interventions, this simultaneously creates more opportunities for local authorities to exclude certain populations in the process. The pursuit of urban resilience can therefore become a moniker for further co-optation of political power and for entrenching existing urban socioeconomic injustices. In response to rising urban inequalities attributed to current and pipeline adaptation interventions, I present a framework for evaluating climate justice from below. This concept takes into account how adaptation is mainstreamed into urban development and its relationship to broader socioeconomic transformations at a global scale. I conclude that the ability to mitigate existing power imbalances rests on the restructuring of governance arrangements available to marginalized communities to advocate for their own interests in the street-level resilience-making process.
by Eric Chu.
Ph. D. in Environmental Policy and Planning
Meguieng, Sidze Sandrine. "Empowering Community Resilience to climate Change in Cameroon using Technology-enhanced Learning." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-214501.
Повний текст джерелаKamerun ist ein Land in Zentralafrika. Aufgrund seiner strategischen Lage in der Mitte des afrikanischen Kontinents, gilt das Land als die treibende Kraft der Sub-Region. Während der letzten fünf Jahre wurde Kamerun Opfer von ständigen Bedrohungen einer Vielzahl von Katastrophen wie Überschwemmungen, Dürren, Erdrutsche, Epidemien, usw. In diesem Kontext hat die Regierung eine Reihe von Strategien zur Verringerung der Katastrophenrisiken imstande gebracht. Dies wurde unter der Leitung vom Ministerium der territorialen Verwaltung und Dezentralisierung und vom Amt für Katastrophenschutz durchgeführt. Weiterhin nahmen mehr als 379 dezentrale Institutionen und internationale Partner an diese bedeutende Aktion teil (Ayanji, 2004). Die bei diesem Großeinsatz getroffenen Maßnahmen haben aber bisher eine sehr geringe Effizienz auf dem Feld gebracht. Eine nähere Betrachtung im Zusammenspiel mit entsprechender Literatur lassen folgendes vermuten: die Strategien zur Sensibilisierung sind auf die Bedürfnisse, Kapazitäten und Hintergründe der Akteure nicht angepasst. Demnach sind folgende Tatsachen in Betracht zu ziehen: (1) Identifikation der Ausfälle der bevorstehenden Awareness-Strategie; (2) Bewertung den pädagogischen Bedürfnissen und Kapazitäten der einzelnen Kategorien von Akteuren; (3) Auswahl geeigneter Unterrichtsmethoden und Tools; (4) Gewährleisten der Wirksamkeit und Nachhaltigkeit der neu vorgeschlagenen Strategie. Diese Arbeit stammt aus einem dreijährigen Promotionsprojekt finanziert von der AXA Research Fund. Das Ziel der Arbeit ist der Vorschlag eines Awareness-Modells, das an dem kamerunischen Kontext angepasst ist, und das die Bildungstechnologie zur Stärkung der Kapazitäten und Kompetenzen der beteiligten Akteure des Klimawandels nutzt. Aus der Literatur sind vier Kategorien von Akteuren identifiziert worden: Die Regierung, Bildungseinrichtungen, nationale und internationale Organisationen, Gemeinschaften. Die Studie folgt einer Mixed-Method Forschung. Eine Stichprobe wurde aus jeder Kategorie von Akteuren mit Schneeballauswahl-Methode gezogen. Dann wurden Daten während einer 6-monatigen Studienreise in Kamerun gesammelt. Diese wurde in Begleitung mit semi-strukturierten Interview (McNamara, 1999), qualitativen Erhebung (Fowler, 2009), direkter Beobachtung (Bernard, 2006) und Gruppendiskussion (Krueger & Casey, 2009). Die Daten wurden analysiert mit Epi-info Software für quantitative Daten und MAXQDA Software für qualitative Daten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen Folgendes: - Die pädagogische Strategie ist nicht klar definiert - Mangel an angemessenen Infrastrukturen - Die verfügbaren Technologien sind nicht vorhanden und teilweise falsch eingesetzt. Sie sind entweder nicht gleichmäßig verwendet oder sie stimmen mit den Fähigkeiten der Lernenden nicht überein. - Qualitätskriterien für die Bewertung der bestehenden Ausbildungsstrategie sind nicht erfüllt Die vorgeschlagene konzeptionelle Lösung, die in dieser Arbeit verwendet wird, benutzt das Konzept der Learning Communities, insbesondere "Community of Practice" wie von Lave und Wenger (1991) beschrieben. Ziel ist es, ein Informations- und Wissensaustausch Community-System zur Förderung bewährter Verfahren im Sinne der Verbesserung der Gemeinschaft gegenüber Auswirkungen des Klimawandels zu schaffen. Diese Community of Practice wird offline mit einer ausgewählten Domäne, eine gut definierte und strukturierte Gemeinschaft, und eine gut gestaltete Praxis funktionieren. Ein unerwarteter Faktor, der bei der Bestimmung der angemessenen Technologie-Tools berücksichtigt werden müsste, ist die Wahrnehmung der Akteure oder besser gesagt die (Un-)Akzeptanz der "Neuen Technologien" durch die Akteure. Dies macht das Design des Instruktionsmodells zu einer richtigen Herausforderung
Jofreh, Venus. "Assessing resilience of water supply systems under the impacts of climate change." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/72594/1/Venus_Jofreh_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаClement, Viviane. "From Adaptation to Transformation| A Resilience Perspective on Organizational Responses to Ecological Adversity." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10619173.
Повний текст джерелаHow do firms adapt to the intensity of adverse conditions stemming from the natural environment (ecological adversity intensity)? In this dissertation, I develop several lines of inquiry in exploring this question. First, I seek to contribute to generally diverging perspectives on organizational adaptation, which view firms as either inherently constrained or capable of continuous adaptation to fit their environment. To do this, I examine the conditions under which firms are more likely to adapt to different levels of ecological adversity intensity. My findings from a 13-year longitudinal analysis of western U.S. ski resorts’ adaptation to temperature conditions indicate that firms facing moderate ecological adversity intensity appear more likely to engage in higher adaptation levels while those experiencing low and high ecological adversity intensity show a tendency for lower adaptation levels. That is, both diverging perspectives may predict part of firms’ adaptive responses to ecological adversity intensity. My findings also suggest firms may encounter limits to adaptation when facing increasing ecological adversity intensity. I also undertake a post hoc exploration of firm and institutional environment level factors that may moderate the relationship between ecological adversity intensity and firm adaptation. Second, I use an interdisciplinary approach that draws from resilience theory in socioecology to suggest that the existing conceptualization of organizational resilience could be expanded to include transformative change, which may allow firms to mitigate the operational impacts of reaching adaptation limits. Third, I also consider the resilience implications of the interdependency between firms and the broader ecosystems in which they operate. I conclude with potential avenues for future research in this area.
de, Groot Caroline Sofie. "Security risks of climate change : Climate change induced conflicts in western Kenya." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-364947.
Повний текст джерелаSchattman, Rachel E. "Vermont Agricultural Resilience in a Changing Climate: an Investigation of Farmer Perceptions of Climate Change, Risk, and Adaptation." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/616.
Повний текст джерелаRajarshi, Dasgupta. "Enhancing Coastal Community's Disaster and Climate Resilience in the Mangrove Rich Indian Sundarban." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215362.
Повний текст джерела