Дисертації з теми "CISS effect"
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Bruce, Henrik. "Formulation of Model Problem for Chirality Induced Spin Selectivity Effect." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Materialteori, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414026.
Tieriekhov, Kostiantyn. "Applications non-conventionnelles de champs magnétiques à séparation chirale et aux systèmes électrochimiques dynamiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BORD0502.
High-purity enantioseparation is essential for the pharmaceutical and food industries. Conventional chiral separation techniques provide a wide range of methods, all of which rely on chiral selectors - stationary phases or molecules that discriminate enantiomers through stereospecific interaction. Despite the vast number of natural and synthetic selectors currently in use, the increasing demand for enantiopurity is driving research for new and versatile methods.The aim of this thesis is to investigate alternative methods of chiral separation that involve the application of magnetic fields in various configurations. One idea centers around the concept of true and false chirality, which was introduced by L. Barron for dynamic systems of individual objects and physical vector quantities. His discussion explicitly states that neither static magnetic nor electric fields, nor any combination of those, possess true chirality, the feature required to induce enantiomeric discimination. However, his theory suggests a molecular analog of the well-known Faraday effect based on the collinear application of magnetic field to a molecular flow.Alternatively, a perpendicular configuration with the molecular flow involving a ferromagnetic substrate has demonstrated enantiospecific spin interactions, otherwise known as the CISS effect. In this regard, our main objective was the further exploration of such interactions in dynamic conditions of capillary electrophoresis, which provides simple and fast detection, while introducing Ni substrates along the flow of molecules and applying an orthogonal magnetic field.Lastly, the orthogonal configuration of the magnetic field was exploited to study the dynamic behavior of electropolarized objects. The patterns of the resulting rotation, exhibited by different objects under the influence of a magnetohydrodynamic effect, originating from the induced Lorentz force, are shown to be dependent on magnetic field polarity. Their dynamic behavior as a function of time resembles those of falsely chiral systems
Stanley, Mishael. "Développement de Cellules Photovoltaiques à base de CIGS de haute performance sur substrats métalliques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEC023.
The objective of this thesis is the optimization of solar cells based on Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 (CIGS) on high performance metal substrate (> 20%). Metals generally have better mechanical strength than glass which is a brittle material. This allows for example to significantly reduce their thickness and get lighter photovoltaic devices. Moreover, if their thickness is sufficiently reduced, they become conformable or flexible. However, the metal substrates have their own drawbacks. They may contain impurities (eg Fe) that degrade the electronic properties of the absorber material. Furthermore, their thermal expansion coefficient is not always suitable for methods of making high temperature CIGS. Finally CIGS cells on glass substrate have a sodium intake, known element for improving the properties of the CIGS, and brought by the spread of this element from the glass through the molybdenum. The main objective of this thesis is to make solar cells based on CIGS by co-evaporation technique on metal substrates having the closest possible performance of the cells on substrates of soda lime glass (> 20%). The problems that this thesis must meet are the choice of the metal substrate, blocking the diffusion of impurities in the metallic substrates, ensuring strong adhesion to the substrate, reducing residual stresses (to ensure adherence ) and especially the optimization of the Mo adequate layer allowing necessary intake of alkali metal element (Na / K, ...) for a high performance and adaptation CIGS absorber to this type of substrate. Indeed the quality of CIGS will be highly dependent on the deposition temperature of the intake of alkaline element from the substrate and composition gradients In / Ga the back contact to the surface of CIGS. It is known that it is necessary to have a gradient gallium in the CIGS layer in order to obtain cells high. The deposition of CIGS layers by co-evaporation method will be by the "three-stage process." This involves depositing the layer of three well-defined stages. It is important to control this process in order to get a quality absorber for solar cells
Dority, Tyler Maxwell. "The Effect of CIBS Participation and Gender on Adolescent Residential Treatment Duration." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2533.
Cowen, Jonathan Eric. "Liquid Phase Deposition of Copper Indium Diselenide and the Effects of Sodium." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1373302614.
CIZEAU, JEANNICK. "Effet mutagene du cis-dichlorodiammineplatine(ii) chez drosophila melanogaster." Orléans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ORLE2014.
Maclear, Athlee. "Identification of cis-elements and transacting factors involved in the abiotic stress responses of plants." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007236.
KMBT_363
Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
Xiao, Meisheng [Verfasser]. "Dissecting cis-regulatory effect on alternative polyadenylation using hybrid mice / Meisheng Xiao." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1117541819/34.
Le, Tulzo Harold. "Exploration de procédés tout-ALD via la synthèse de couches minces à base de sulfures et d’oxydes pour l’élaboration de cellules photovoltaïques de type CIGS." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEC011.
The goal of this doctoral research project is to use the advantages of the ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) technique for the synthesis of innovative materials to be used in the future generations of CIGS thin film solar cells. ALD technique allows the deposition in smooth conditions (low temperature, mbar pressure level) of conformal and uniform films, with a high control of the thickness at the atomic layer scale. Due its unique features, it is now widely applied in the field of microelectronics. In photovoltaics, the need to control at smaller scale and more accurately the thickness and the interfaces of the films implies a wide development of ALD in the next years. The main focus of this project is the synthesis of new materials with a fine interface engineering that will be integrated in CIGS devices and allows the elaboration of all-ALD solar cell. The doctoral candidate will pilot a new ALD reactor, and use its new functionalities to synthesize materials from innovative chemical precursors. In parallel, a second ALD reactor equipped with a plasma module will give access to other reactivities and allow further optimization of the interfaces. Understanding the reaction mechanisms involved via in-situ studies (for which two new analytical tools will be implemented by the student during the project) and materials characterization (XRD, SEM/EDX, optical transmission ...) will be compulsory for the success of this project. Finally, those materials will be integrated in CIGS devices, and tested to validate new concepts and allow the development of more efficient photovoltaic devices with reduced cost of atoms. In addition to this, they will be the building blocks of a first all-ALD solar cell
ATMANI, LOUISA. "Effet des donneurs d'electrons sur la fluorescence et l'isomerisation photochimiquetrans--cis et cis--trans des n, n'-diacylindigos." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066015.
Eeles, Alexander. "Performance characterisation of photovoltaic devices : managing the effects of high capacitance and metastability." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/23254.
Duffett, Rodger Vincent. "The effect of cis-platinum alone or in combination with radiation on mouse lung." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26352.
Kulkarni, Sachin. "EFFECT OF COMPOSITION, MORPHOLOGY AND SEMICONDUCTING PROPERTIES ON THE EFFICIENCY OF CUIN1-XGAXSE2-YSY THIN-FILM SOLAR CELLS PRE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2938.
Ph.D.
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Materials Science & Engr PhD
Steige, Kim A. "Cis-regulatory variation and divergence in Capsella." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Evolutionsbiologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-268953.
Chandrasekaran, Vinodh. "Effect of heat treatments and reduced absorber layer thickness on cu(in,ga)se2 thin film solar cells." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001316.
Moua, Pachai Susan. "The effects of cis- and trans-acting mutations on recombinant protein secretion in Pichia pastoris." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/185.
Prater, Mary Renee. "Immunotoxicity of Dermal Permethrin and Cis-Urocanic Acid: Effects of Chemical Mixtures in Environmental Health." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11047.
Ph. D.
Roger, Charles. "Developpement de cellules photovoltaïques à base de CIGS sur substrats métalliques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965592.
Gerthoffer, Arnaud. "Propriétés mécaniques des cellules photovoltaïques à base de CIGS sur substrats en verre ultra-fin." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI077/document.
The goal of this work is to study and to develop CIGS thin-film solar cells on an innovative substrate: the ultra-thin glass. This material has advantageous properties, mainly attributed to its high temperature resistance, its lightweight, its barrier property against moisture, its transparency and its mechanical flexibility. Here we tried to use these properties for the fabrication of lightweight and conformable CIGS solar cells. First, we demonstrate the feasibility of CIGS solar cells on 100 mm-thick ultra-thin glass substrates. We reached 12.1 % efficiency by using a bilayer back contact consisting of a pure Mo layer and a sodium doped Mo layer, which is up to now the record efficiency for CIGS solar cells on ultra-thin glass substrate. Then we show that solar cell performances can deteriorate under cyclic bending fatigue conditions with a radius of curvature of 5 cm. This is partially explained by the formation of cracks in the cells. Then, we report on the mechanical properties of the Mo and the CIGS layers measured by nanoindentation. The hardness and the Young’s modulus of each layer is given and, for the first time, the toughness and the residual stresses of the CIGS. These results are then used to calculate the CIGS internal stresses when the cells are bent. Finaly, we propose a glass-glass structure optimized to lower the CIGS internal stresses under bending
Hansson, Henrik. "Understanding interfaces in thin-film solar cells using photo electron spectroscopy. : Effect of post-deposition treatment on composition of the solar cell absorber." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-399623.
Det ökande behovet av förnybar energi gör att forskning och utveckling av solenergilösningar är av största vikt. Solceller, vilka utnyttjar den fotovoltaiska effekten, är den vanligaste tekniken för omvandling av solenergi till elektricitet. Tunnfilmssolceller är en typ av solceller vars absorbent har ett direkt bandgap, till skillnad från kisel som har ett indirekt bandgap. Fördelen med ett direkt bandgap är att det ljusabsorberande materialet kan göras mycket tunt.En vanlig tunnfilmssolcell är CIGS. Det är en komposit bestående av koppar (Cu), indium (In), gallium (Ga) och selen (Se). Ett syfte med detta självständiga arbete har varit att beräkna koncentrationerna av de ingående ämnena i halvledarskiktet av CIGS. GGI-kvoten bestämmer bandgapet, vilket är en viktig faktor för solcellens verkningsgrad. Kopparvakansen är den huvudsakliga halvledaracceptorn i CIGS. Kopparkoncentrationen har visat sig vara viktig för bl.a. solcellens verkningsgrad [2].Mättekniken som används i detta arbete kallas fotoelektronspektroskopi (PES). PES-mätningar ger ett spektrum där spektrallinjerna representerar olika nivåer av elektroners bindningsenergi för olika grundämnen. Mätningar med olika fotonenergier, på prover med och utan ytbehandling (PDT), har utförts. En stor del av arbetet har varit att beräkna relativa koncentrationer av de olika grundämnena från spektrallinjerna i spektrumet. Viktiga parametrar som man behöver ta hänsyn till i uträkningarna är sannolikheten för en fotoemissionsprocess hos fotonerna, vinkelberoendet och den fria medelväglängden hos fotoelektronerna.Resultaten visar att GGI-kvot och bandgap blir nästan detsamma med eller utan PDT, förutom närmast ytan där PDT minskar GGI-kvoten.Resultaten visar också att kopparkoncentrationen är lägst på ytan och att PDT med RbF minskar kopparkoncentrationen närmast ytan.Resultaten visar att det blir skillnader mellan GGI- och CGI-kvoterna beroende på om beräkningarna baserats på vinkelberoende träffytor enligt [10] och [11] eller baserats på träffytor enligt [6] och [7].
Lim, Herlina. "Multiple Substituent Effects on the Rate Constants for N(2)-N(3) Restricted Rotation of cis-1,3-Diphenyltriazenes." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2962.
Metzger-Petersen, Katrin [Verfasser]. "Supplementation of a rumen-protected conjugated linoleic acid mixture (cis-9, trans-11; trans-10, cis-12) to early lactation dairy cows : effects on feed intake and performance / Katrin Metzger-Petersen." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1043057145/34.
Matinyenya, Patience. "South frica’s non-ratification of the United Nations convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), wisdom or folly, considering the effect of the status quo on international trade." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2926.
The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 1980 (CISG) seeks to provide a standard uniform law for international sales contracts. This research paper analyses the rationale behind South Africa’s delay in deciding whether to ratify the CISG, and its possible effect on trade with other nations. The CISG drafters hoped that uniformity would remove barriers to international sales thereby facilitating international trade. Ratification of the convention is only the beginning of uniformity; uniformity must then be extended to its application and interpretation. Not all countries have ratified the Convention yet they engage in international trade in goods: this state of affairs presents challenges since traders have to choose a national law that applies to their contract where CISG does not apply. This takes traders back to the undesirable pre-CISG era. On the other hand, those States that have ratified the convention face different challenges, the biggest one being a lack of uniformity in its interpretation. The problem of differing interpretations arises because some CISG Articles are vague leading to varied interpretations by national courts. Further, the CISG is still largely misunderstood and some traders from States that have ratified CISG exclude it from application. South Africa can only ratify an international instrument such as the CISG, after it has been tabled before Parliament, and debated upon in accordance with the Constitution. CISG’s shortcomings, particularly regarding interpretation, make it far from certain that CISG would pass the rigorous legislative process. Nonetheless, the Constitution of South Africa requires the South African courts and legislature to promote principles of international law. The paper, therefore, examines, whether the Legislature has a constitutional obligation to ratify CISG. South Africa’s membership of the WTO requires that it promote international trade by removing trade barriers. It is, therefore, vital for South Africa to be seen to be actively facilitating international trade. Even though the trade benefits which flow from ratification are not always visible in States that have ratified the CISG, there is some doubt whether South Africa can sustain its trade relations without ratifying the CISG. The paper shows that the formation of contracts under the South African common law is very similar to formation as set out under Part II of the CISG and if the CISG were to be adopted in South Africa, no major changes would be needed in this regard. International commercial principles as an alternative to the CISG still require a domestic law to govern the contract and would, therefore, leave South African traders in the same position they are in currently, where their trading relations are often governed by foreign laws. Ratifying CISG would certainly simplify contract negotiations particularly with regard to governing law provisions. Overall the advantages of ratification for South Africa far outweigh the shortcomings of the CISG, and ratification will assist in ensuring that South African traders get an opportunity to enter the international trade arena on an equal platform with traders from other nations.
South Africa
Lavoie, Monique V. "Characterisation of a conserved motif found within the Dlx cis-regulatory element URE2 and its effect on mouse URE2-lacZ activity in transgenic mice." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28433.
So, Hon-hon, and 蘇漢匡. "Effects of dietary TRANS-10, CIS-12 conjugated linoleic acid on food intake and body weight regulation via central and peripheralmechanisms." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4175816X.
Cowie, Philip David. "Analysis of the effects of disease-associated variation within a cis-regulatory element of the CNR1 locus on CNR1 promoter dynamics." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=225652.
Honorato, Sara Braga. "Antioxidant effect of components of the latex from seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis)and mangabeira(Hancoria speciosa)on thermo-oxidative degradatiion of synthesic Poly (1,4-cis-isoprene." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1429.
FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃ
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
This work is divided into two parts: The first is associated with the isolation of non-isoprenic components from the natural rubber (NR) latex from seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis) and mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa) by centrifugation. In the first centrifugation the phase serum was isolated (MAT 1). The rubber phase was treated with the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and isolated after the third centrifugation (MAT 2). The other materials tested in the synthetic rubber (PIS) were CENT 1, CENT 2 and the NR extract. These were kindly provided by Prof Jean Marinho from UNESP. The second part is associated with the possible antioxidant effect of the isolated latex components on the thermo-oxidative degradation of synthetic poly(1,4-cis-isoprene) carried out via infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (RMN). It was observed that, from the substances obtained from the purification of the latex and tested on synthetic PIS, both MAT 1 and CENT 1 have pro-oxidant effects. The remain can be ordered in the following sequence in regards to their antioxidant capabilities: PIS + MAT 2 > PIS + NR EXTRACT > PIS + CENT 2 The calculation of the activation energy of the thermal degradation of PIS in synthetic air containing 2.0% of MAT 2 confirms that the stabilizer effect of PIS increases with the increase of this material, as all Ea of pure polymer are inferior to that of the doped sample. The NMR spectra for MAT 2 showed, in addition to the characteristic bands of cis-1,4-polyisoprene, also bands associated with fatty acids and/or SDS. The spectra of NR extract showed bands that are characteristic of oligosaccharides and minoritary cis-1,4-polyisoprene.
O presente trabalho à dividido em duas partes: A primeira està relacionada com o isolamento dos componentes nÃo-isoprÃnicos do lÃtex da borracha natural (BN) da seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis) e mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa) por centrifugaÃÃo. Na primeira centrifugaÃÃo foi isolada a fase serum (MAT 1). A fase borracha foi tratada com o surfactante dodecil sulfato de sÃdio (SDS) e isolada apÃs a terceira centrifugaÃÃo, (MAT 2). Os outros materiais testados à borracha sintÃtica (PIS) foram o CENT 1, CENT 2 e o extrato de BN, os quais foram gentilmente cedidos pelo Prof. Jean Marinho da UNESP. A segunda parte refere-se ao possÃvel efeito antioxidante dos componentes do lÃtex isolados sobre a degradaÃÃo termo-oxidativa do poli (1,4-cis-isopreno) sintÃtico realizada atravÃs das tÃcnicas de Infravermelho (FT-IR), AnÃlise TermogravimÃtrica (TG) e RessonÃncia MagnÃtica Nuclear (RMN). Foi observado que, das substÃncias obtidas da purificaÃÃo do lÃtex e testadas no PIS sintÃtico, tanto o MAT 1 quanto o CENT 1 tÃm efeitos prÃ-oxidantes. Os demais podem ser ordenados na seguinte seqÃÃncia quanto ao poder antioxidante: PIS + MAT 2 > PIS + EXTRATO DE BN > PIS + CENT 2 O cÃlculo da energia de ativaÃÃo (Ea) da degradaÃÃo tÃrmica do PIS em ar sintÃtico contendo 2,0% do MAT 2 confirma que o acrÃscimo desse material exerce um efeito estabilizante ao PIS, pois todas as Ea do polÃmero puro sÃo inferiores à da amostra dopada. Os espectros de RessonÃncia MagnÃtica Nuclear para o MAT 2 exibiram, alÃm de sinais caracterÃsticos do cis-1,4-poliisopreno, sinais relativos a Ãcidos graxos e/ou SDS, enquanto que os espectros do Extrato de BN exibiram sinais caracterÃsticos de oligossacarÃdeos e poli (1,4-cis-isopreno) como componentes minoritÃrios.
Bretherton, Nicola. "The effect of cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid upon the contractile mechanisms linked to calcium influx and the mobilisation of intracellular calcium in aortic smooth muscle." Thesis, Aston University, 1998. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10988/.
So, Hon-hon. "Effects of dietary TRANS-10, CIS-12 conjugated linoleic acid on food intake and body weight regulation via central and peripheral mechanisms." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B4175816X.
Petit, Jean-Marie. "Effet hypnogène de l'acide 13-cis-rétinoïque chez le rat : arguments en faveur de l'implication du VIP : approches polygraphique, immunohistochimique et biochimique." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO1T207.
Mata, Xavier. "Analyse structurale et fonctionnelle de gènes voisins du "locus" de l'α-lactalbumine caprine : application à la recherche d'éléments "cis"-régulateurs à effet dominant". Limoges, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIMO0033.
The recent use of large genomic fragment (BACs or YACs) has allowed to avoid this "position effect". This has been observed with a vector that was developed in our laboratory that consists of a 160 kb goat BAC insert (BAC 41) encompassing the a-lactalbumin gene, suggesting the occurrence of dominant cis-regulatory elements. The aim of this thesis was to further analyse this insert. Transgenic experiments using a derived shorter BAC of 60 kb allowed us to localise these regulatory elements in a 5' distal region of the a-lactalbumin locus. In this region two loci were identified: the cyclin T1 and FLJ20436. Characterisation of these genes revealed that they were functional within the BAC 41 and ubiquitously expressed. Surprisingly, the use of the cyclin T1 promoter in transgenics resulted in an ubiquitous expression unexpectedly high only in male germ cells. FLJ20436 pre-mRNA has a very complex splicing pattern that is conserved during evolution. These observations led us to suspect the occurrence of two chromatin domains separating these ubiquitously expressed genes from the a-lactalbumin one. Structural analysis of these genes has allowed to define a precise restriction map of the BAC 41 and to precise the location of the potential border region within the two chromatin domains. Search for cis-regulatory elements within this region was initiated. There identification and association with the a-lactalbumin promoter should contribute to the creation of efficient mammary specific expression vectors
Lapeyre, Pascale. "Nouveaux aspects anatomo-fonctionnels des cellules ciliées vestibulaires de type 1 : morphologie des touffes ciliaires, motilité cellulaire réversible et modulation GABAergique de l'excitabilité des cellules de type 1 du cobaye." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR28206.
House, Ralph Lee. "Functional Genomic Characterization of the Anti-Adipogenic Effects of trans 10, cis 12-Conjugated Linoleic Acid (t10c12-CLA) in a Polygenic Obese Line of Mice." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07292004-115209/.
Betz, Helene [Verfasser], and Sebastian [Akademischer Betreuer] Sauerbier. "Effekt von Trans-8-tert-butyl-GABA-Pentin-Lactam und Cis-8-tert-butyl-GABA-Pentin-Lactam auf das Proliferations-und Differenzierungsverhalten von humanen mesenchymalen Stammzellen." Freiburg : Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1123475741/34.
Donaldson, Kathryn Marie. "Relationships between chromosome structure and long distance regulation of gene expression : a study of cis and trans modifiers of terminal deficiency-associated position effect variegation in a Drosophila melanogastor minichromosome /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9987530.
Pereira, André Luiz Araújo 1981. "Identificação de genes de Citrus sinensis com expressão dependente da proteína PthA de Xanthomonas citri e isolamento de elementos cis regulatórios ligantes de PthA." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314050.
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: O cancro cítrico resulta da interação compatível entre a bactéria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri e Citrus spp. A doença não tem cura, é de fácil disseminação e difícil controle. O cenário é preocupante, pois a doença diminui drasticamente o rendimento e a qualidade dos frutos de plantas infectadas, ocasionando um forte impacto econômico na citricultura mundial. Os principais sintomas do cancro cítrico, resultantes dos processos de hipertrofia (aumento do volume celular) e hiperplasia (aumento da divisão celular), são dependentes da proteína efetora PthA de X. citri. PthA integra a família de fatores de transcrição conhecida como efetores ativadores de transcrição (transcription activator-like ou TAL). O principal homólogo de PthA é o efetor AvrBs3 de X. campestris pv. vesicatoria que atua regulando a transcrição de genes do hospedeiro em benefício do patógeno. A similaridade entre estas proteínas gira em torno de 97%, sugerindo, portanto, função semelhante para PthA. Através de uma série de microarranjos, investigou-se o perfil de expressão gênica de laranja doce (Citrus sinensis) dependente de PthA (X. citri) e de PthCs de X. aurantifolii, uma bactéria que causa cancro cítrico apenas no limão galego e que, em laranja doce, induz uma reação de hipersensibilidade. Desta forma, verificou-se a regulação positiva ou negativa de uma série de genes. Os PthCs regularam negativamente genes associados à sinalização por auxina e induziram a expressão de genes de defesa e silenciamento gênico. Em contrapartida, PthAs induziram uma série de genes intimamente relacionados aos sintomas de cancrose, incluindo: genes associados aos processos de aumento e divisão celular, síntese e remodelamento de parede celular, bem como genes envolvidos na sinalização por auxina e giberelina. Neste sentido, efetuou-se o isolamento de regiões promotoras de cinco genes, os quais são potencialmente regulados por PthA. A análise destas regiões revelou a presença de um possível TATA-box notavelmente semelhante àquele encontrado no gene upa20, denominado UPA-box (up-regulated por AvrBs3), sugerindo que estes genes poderiam ser transativados por PthA em citros. De fato, ensaios de retardamento de mobilidade eletroforética (electrophoretic mobility shift assay ou EMSA), demonstraram a ligação específica de PthA2 e 4 ao TATA-box encontrado na região promotora do gene que codifica uma proteínas relacionada à patogênese (pathogenesis-related proteins ou PR). Este resultado corrobora com a hipótese de que os efetores TAL atuam como proteínas ligadoras de elementos TATA. Finalmente, experimentos de co-imunoprecipitação de cromatina (ChIP) e cotransformação demonstraram, ainda que em resultados preliminares, que particularmente PthA4 é capaz de transativar pr5 in planta. Embora o cancro cítrico ainda não seja completamente entendido a nível molecular, os dados aqui apresentados sugerem fortemente a ação de PthAs como fatores de transcrição, bem como aponta candidatos à regulação positiva intimamente associados aos processos de hipertrofia e hiperplasia. Além disso, as regiões promotoras aqui isoladas podem ajudar no desenvolvimento de novas estratégias para a geração de plantas resistentes à cancrose
Abstract: Citrus canker is a result of a compatible interaction between Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and Citrus spp. There is no cure for citrus canker, and the disease is easily spread and difficult to be managed. The scenario is threatening since the disease dramatically diminishes the quality of fruits in infected plants leading to great economic losses for the world citrus producers. The main citrus canker symptoms known as hypertrophy (cell enlargement) and hyperplasia (cell division) are PthA-dependent. PthA is an effector protein from X. citri which belongs to the TAL effectors (transcription activatorlike) family. The closest homologue of PthA is AvrBs3 from Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, a TAL effector that acts as a transcriptional factor to modulate host transcription to the pathogen's benefit. Similarity shared by these two proteins is around 97%, suggesting that PthA plays a similar role in the citrus host. Through a number of microarray experiments, we investigate the gene transcription in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) in response to the transient expression of PthA from X. citri or PthC from X. aurantifolii, pathotype C, a bacteria that causes citrus canker in Mexican lime but in orange trigger a hypersensitive response in sweet orange. We observed that PthCs down-regulated various auxin signaling genes and induced the expression of genes involved in defense and gene silencing. On the other hand, PthAs induces several genes implicated in canker development such as cell division and elongation, cell-wall synthesis and remodeling, synthesis, mobilization and signaling of auxin and gibberellin. Promoter regions of PthA-induced genes were isolated and shown to have predicted PthA and PthC binding sites at or near their putative TATA boxes. Moreover, competition gel shift assays confirmed that PthA4 shows preferential binding to the TATA box of the pathogenesis-related (pr5) gene promoter, supporting the idea that TAL effectors may act as general TATA-binding proteins. Finally, both chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and co-transformation assays demonstrated however as preliminary results, that PthA4 is able to transactivate pr5 in planta. Albeit the molecular mechanism by which citrus canker develop remains elusive at the molecular level, we provided data supporting the notion that PthA acts as a transcriptional factor, as well as identified PthA-induced genes associated with hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Furthermore, the promoter regions isolated here might be useful to obtain citrus plants resistant to the canker bacteria
Doutorado
Bioquimica
Doutor em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
Lee, Heekyoung Verfasser], Johann Josef [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Hauner, and de Angelis Martin [Gutachter] [Hrabé. "Understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of cis-regulatory variants on gene expression at T2D associated loci / Heekyoung Lee ; Gutachter: Martin Hrabé de Angelis, Johann Josef Hauner ; Betreuer: Johann Josef Hauner." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1135724830/34.
Ceddia, Ryan Patrick. "Genomic Characterization of Two Models of Obesity in Mice: Divergent Selection for Epididymal Fat and the Effects of trans-10, cis-12-Conjugated Linoleic Acid." NCSU, 2007. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08072007-120016/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
Muller, Fabrice. "Mémoire présenté en vue de l'obtention de L'Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université d'Orléans, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00067858.
Les résultats exposés concernent l'échelle locale (organisation structurale interne du feuillet, interaction cation - feuillet) et semi-locale (nature des empilements). Dans un premier temps sont présentés des travaux centrés sur les relations d'ordre-désordre dans l'organisation des cations octaédriques majeurs (Al, Fe, Mg). La distribution des cations n'est pas aléatoire mais structurée en domaines qui peuvent être monocationiques (Fe ou Al) ou de composition cationique mixte. Dans ce dernier cas, la tendance est à l'homogénéisation des déficits de charges. Dans un second temps sont étudiées des transformations structurales induites par des traitements thermiques (déshydroxylation) et hydrothermaux (réhydroxylation). Des modèles de migration cationique à l'intérieur des couches octaédriques sont proposés pour expliquer les évolutions de structure. La composition et la distribution cationique des couches octaédriques jouent un rôle primordial dans les processus. Les traitements sont responsables, dans le cas des smectites, d'une augmentation du désordre dans la distribution des feuillets à différentes couches d'eau et d'une diminution des propriétés d'hydratation pour certains feuillets.
Les projets en cours, sur les interactions molécules organiques - argiles, sont présentés dans une dernière partie. Les aspects structuraux sont principalement développés (organisation de l'espace interfoliaire, rôle sur l'organisation micro-texturale de la phase argileuse).
Blanchet, Christophe. "Caractérisation de la réponse cholinergique des cellules ciliées externes cochléaires." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR28490.
Zervos, Michel. "Réactivité des aminonitriles vis à vis des cyclénones et comparaison avec celle des éthers de cyanhydrines : stéréochimie et conformation des cyclanones 2,3 disubstituées." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112007.
The present work describes the conjugate addition of latent acyl anion equivalents such as protected cyanohydrines and N-dialkyl aminonitriles to cyclic α,β unsaturated enones diversely substituted followed by protonation of the intermediate formed enolates. The reaction of benzoyl equivalents on α-substituted α-cyclénones leads to 1,4 adducts possessing a cis stereochemistry. The aminonitriles don't react with the β,β-disubstituted α-enones and these results are in contradiction with the literature data concerning similar reactions with the corresponding cyanohydrin ethers. Nevertheless, their reactivity towards sterically hindered α-enones is largely increased in the presence of Lewis acids. The trapping of the intermediate enolates with various electrophiles is also examined. In the case of protected cyanohydrines the alkylation with methyl iodide leads to the trans adducts whatever the ring size may be. On the contrary, when using an aminonitrile this reaction is limited to the five membered ring series. However, with a more reactive electrophile such as the ethyl bromoacetate we obtain the 2,3-disubstituted trans cyclohexanones. The reaction of aminonitriles acetyl equivalents on a-substituted a-cyclenones gives results comparable with those of the benzoyl equivalents while masked formyl anions lead to cis-trans mixtures. From all 1,4 adducts the corresponding 2-substituted 3-acyl cyclanones were prepared preserving their cis or trans stereochemistry except for the cyclopentanone series. The 1H NMR 2D configurational and conformational study of the 3-substituted 2-phenylseleno cyclohexanones showed a preference of the SePh group for the axial position. To explain these results we propose a stabilization resulting from an overlap of the σ* orbitals of the C-SePh bond with the π orbitals of the neighboring carbonyl
Perny, Sébastien. "Alignement de cristaux liquides par irradiation en lumière linéairement polarisée de film minces de polymères photoréticulables." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DENS0042.
Lin, Jhih-Yu, and 林芷羽. "Effect of Precursors on the formation of crystalline phase of CIS and CIGS powders." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60966841405130469960.
中原大學
化學研究所
97
Solar cells with chalocopyrite structure have two major types: copper indium selenium series, CuInSe2[CIS], and copper indium gallium selenium series, Cu(In1-xGax)(Se1-ySy)[CIGS]. Due to the advantages of high photoelectric efficiency and low materials cost, it is worth to keep studying these two material systems. In this experiment, three kinds of different precursors were used to synthesize CIS and CIGS powder. XRD, SEM, EDS, and TEM were then used to analyze crystallization, composition, particle size, and morphology of powder products. The composition of the product can be adjusted when salts of CuCl2, InCl3, and SeCl4 were used to synthesize the CIS powder. The product can be single phase if precursors of [Cu4{Se2P(O’Pr) 2}4] and [In{Se2P(O’Pr) 2}3] were used. It is hard to synthesize CIGS powder by using Cu, In, Ga, and Se powder directly, because all these powder can not be completely dissolved into the solvent used in this experiment. The composition of the product can be adjusted when salts of CuCl2, InCl3, GaCl3 and SeCl4 were used to synthesize the CIGS powder. The product can be almost single phase if precursors of [Cu4{Se2P(O’Pr) 2}4], [In{Se2P(O’Pr) 2}3], and GaCl3 were used.
Zhu, Xiaobo, and 朱曉波. "CIGS TFT and inhomogeneity effects on CIGS solar cells." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13757512392852824787.
國立臺灣大學
電子工程學研究所
104
Cu(Ga, In)Se2 (CIGS) thin film transistors and the inhomogeneity effects on CIGS solar modules are investigated. CIGS is one of the best candidate materials for thin film solar cell due to its strong light absorption as well as its relatively high mobility. It also has the advantage to reduce production cost for photovoltaics devices, and nowadays, the fabrication of CIGS solar cell is mature and commercial. But some problems like uniformity, morphology, and yield still affect the quality of CIGS solar cell and reduce its market in the competition with other kinds of solar cell like Si based solar cell, CdTe solar cell and CZTS solar cell. Besides the application in thin film solar cell, CIGS also has the potential to have a role in other fields, like light sensor, telecommunication, and thin film transistor (TFT). By solving the problems occurred in the fabrication of CIGS solar cell and achieving its application in other fields will promote the value of CIGS. In the first part of this dissertation, CIGS TFT is investigated. The fabricated CIGS TFT achieves a saturation mobility of ~1.8 cm2/V-s, and the on-off ratio over 3 orders of magnitude for the first time. We use a special ring pattern to simplify the fabrication process and avoided the problems occurred in the traditional TFTs. In the structure of CIGS TFT, Al2O3 is deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on CIGS film as the dielectric layer. With the help of Al2O3 layer, the on current is high due to its high dielectric constant, and moreover, the channel can be passivated by Al2O3 layer, so that defects on the interface of CIGS/Al2O3 decrease, and eventually increase the saturation mobility. We also have applied thin-down process on the CIGS thin film, which was prepared for solar cell fabrication, to meet the required conditions for CIGS TFT. The characteristics of CIGS TFT are investigated consequently, and the improvement of saturation mobility after thin down process is found. This might be due to the different qualities of different layers in CIGS thin film, and is justified by the measurements of photoluminescence (PL) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, the performances of CIGS TFTs with different content in CIGS films are investigated. TFT with high Cu/(Ga+In) ratio tends to have both high carrier concentration and saturation mobility. Sodium atoms might play important roles in these properties. In the second part of this dissertation, the inhomogeneity effects on CIGS solar modules are investigated. We firstly demonstrate the impact of residual strain on the CIGS solar module with Ga content fluctuation using first principle calculations. The simulation results show that the inhomogeneity effect is magnified by residual strain due to the enhanced band gap fluctuations. Then the 3D simulation results of CIGS solar cells are obtained with the residual strain effect incorporated. The parameters used in the model for the simulation are the same to those used in the commercial CIGS solar cell. A module consists of 3 cells in series, while each cell is divided into 3 sections. Intracell inhomo, intercell inhomo, and combined intracell+intercell inhomo are considered within a module, and the effects of both Ga content and thickness fluctuation are investigated. Among these three distributions, intracell+intercell inhomo is closest to the real distribution of inhomogeneity in the fabrication of CIGS solar module. In reality, Ga content fluctuation is serious and thickness fluctuation can be well controlled. The simulation results show that in terms of Ga content fluctuation, Intracell fluctuation causes VOC degradation, and intercell fluctuation causes JSC and fill factor degradations, and in terms of thickness fluctuation, VOC remains the same due to the constant Ga content, JSC is degraded due to the increase of excess carrier recombination, and the tendency of fill factor degradation is similar to Ga content fluctuation.
Fu, Jinlong. "Thermal cis-to-trans isomerization mechanism of N-(phenylazo)-substituted nitrogen heterocycles." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4134.
Chen, Jun Yu, and 陳俊宇. "Defect Related Effects of CIGS and." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90619720768354920320.
國立臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
99
In this thesis, the photoluminescence, external quantum efficiency and J-V curve measurement are used to characterize defect information for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and α-Si based thin film solar cells. First, the photoluminescence of defect-related Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells show the donor-acceptor transition and band-impurity transition. The donor level and acceptor level can be extracted. The negative temperature coefficient of the short circuit current of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells may cause more degradation of power conversion efficiency at high temperature due to defects. In CIGS thin film solar cell standard process, it needs many patterning to complete process. The edge of the patterning is very rough and may have a lot of recombination in surface region. For the reason, atomic layer deposited (ALD) Al2O3 is used to passivated the CIGS and the effect of the passivation. For α-Si based solar cells, light-induced degradation is a significant issue. In order to investigate the lifetime of the α-Si based solar cells, we have to do reliability test.
Liu, Zhi-Hong, and 劉志鴻. "The Effect of Substrate Concentrations on Cis,Cis-Muconate Production from Benzoate by Pseudomonas sp." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43052231740546749953.
義守大學
生物技術與化學工程研究所
101
Muconic acid (MA) can be transformed to adipic acid by using the Pt as catalytic agent at 50 psi and room temperature. Adipic acid is an important raw material for producing plastics such as nylon 6,6 which is produced through chemical synthesis; however, that chemical manufacturing will cause a lot of greenhouse gases of NOx to be discharged during the process thus adding to the greenhouse effect. Energy consumption and environmental pollution can be reduced if white biotechnology is used to replace the chemical synthesis to produce the MA. Our laboratory obtained a bacterial strain from the sludge of industrial wastewater treament. The strain, identified to be Pseudomonas sp., has been mutated to a high-yield MA strain by chemical mutagens and proper screening strategy. We found the compositions of the complete medium by using the response surface methodology, further discussed the impacts of the mass transfer of oxygen in fermentation batch on the generation of MA, and the comparison of the compound nutrition assembly used in fed-batch cultivation. The goal of this study is to discuss how to improve the efficiency of product accumulation and cell growth after amplifying the MA procedure by adjusting the concentrations of substrate and improving the procedures. We studied the inhibition level of the product concentration on the MA produced by cells, the test found that the speed of cell growth was reduced by 40% and the productivity was decreased by 50% when the MA concentration was higher than 10g/L; and the cellular productivity could be improved to 1.2 g MA /g DCW/hr by keeping the dissolved oxygen value above 30% during transference of the benzoic acid to generate MA. In the aspect of procedural improvement, variable feeding is chosen to replace periodic feeding. It can not only improve the specific growth rate by 380%, but also increase the original productivity by 140%. In the aspect of substrate concentrations, the proper glucose concentration and C/N ratio are used to achieve the aims of cell growth and productivity improvement: When the glucose concentration is 10 g/L with 0.5 of C/N ratio, the specific growth rate can reach 0.63 hr-1 and the cellular productivity is 0.86 g MA /g DCW/hr. Finally, this process verifies that the addition of benzoic acid in the batch stage can induce the activity of the genes used to regulate and control the metabolism pathway of MA production in Pseudomonas sp., which is conducive to the accumulation of MA in the fed-batch fermentation.
Huang, Wei-Yuan, and 黃威元. "Effects of ZnS Material Parameters on CIGS Solar Cells." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44018805603407012938.
國立東華大學
電機工程學系
97
Some device properties of effects upon the performance of copper indium gallium diselenide solar cells are analyed by means of the device simulation tool of AMPS-1D (Analysis of Microelectronic and Photonic Structures). First, the modeling and material parameters of all layers in CIGS solar cells are established. The effects of doping density and thickness of various CdS buffer layer, bandgap energy of high-recombination interface, thickness of Cd-doping surface layer, and hole density, thickness, and electron and hole mobility of CIGS absorber on the CIGS solar cells. We also investigate how the material parameters affect the performance of CIGS solar cells. High-efficiency CIGS solar cells employ the CdS buffers layer typically. However, the use of cadmium is not accepted from the viewpoint of environmental safety. Cd-free buffer layers such as ZnS are the attractive alternative. CIGS solar cells with the ZnS buffer layers have higher quantum efficiency at short wavelengths, but Voc and FF are lower. The various electron affinity, thickness and doping density of ZnS buffer layer of CIGS solar cells are simulated by the device simulation tool of AMPS-1D. With the simulation results, the high-efficiency CIGS solar cells with the ZnS buffer could be achieved by applying the proper band alignment.
Liu, Yu-Wei, and 劉郁緯. "The Effect of Selenization Parameter on CIGS Solar Cell Absorber Layer." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26781765088337059444.
龍華科技大學
工程技術研究所
101
In this work, copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) solar cells were deposited on soda-lime glass substrates by two-step method. Firstly, the Cu/Ga/In alloy precursors of approximately 750 nm thickness were deposited sequentially on glass substrates using Cu–Ga alloy and In targets by direct current magnetic sputtering system. Secondly, the metallic precursors were then selenized (about 2 μm thick) with solid Se pellets in a closed vacuum furnace. To study the effect of annealing on the chalcopyrite CIGS structure properties, the films have been annealed in vacuum. The influence of various annealing process parameters (annealing temperature, chamber pressure, heating rate and holding time) on the structural, morphological and properties of CIGS films were investigated.
Hei-Sheng, Tsai, and 蔡輝昇. "A STUDY OF EFFECT FOR CHT CONDUCTION OF CIS." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32049858240957576390.
國立臺灣科技大學
工程技術研究所
86
Corporate Identity System (CIS) is a total communication system which contains mind identity, behavior identity and visual identity; meanwhile, CIS has become a powerful strategy for managing current enterprise successfully. In order to alter former conservative corporation image and to establish a new、cordial、sincere and effective image for enterprise, CHT conducts CIS formally when reorganized. This study applies objective and scientific method of investigation to predict effect of CHT conduction of CIS1. By the Interview Survey, we found out that due to there is no exclusive administrative department for building up enterprise image for CHT, CHT had difficulty of executing identification of organization;meanwhile, because of lack of sampling when making enterprise image, CHT had problems of deficiency, mistake and misuse of regulations. 2. Compared with other private telecommunications companies, CHT had a negative comment of conservation, however, CHT also got positive appraise with powerful enterprise character and made internationally magnificent performance.3. The Questionnaire Survey shows that the investigated people are sure of that the effect of CHT conducting of corporation identification. 4. After reviewing the research, it is no doubt that the factors affecting the effect of use of CIS are emotional、rational、traditional and modern concepts, these parts play important roles and influence others mutually. The main cause influencing recognizing of particular styling (Mascots) is because of the design of corporation mark、 the characteristics of professions and the attributes of enterprises. Therefore, CI offers opportunities for enterprise to deliberate、evaluate and design strategies for im5. This study utilizes the modified method of SD for finding out the efficiency of conducting CI. Is the modified method more effective or not depends on further detailed and long researches for verification.