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Статті в журналах з теми "Cinétique et mécanistique"
Hocine, Smaïn, Chérifa Rabia, Michel Fournier, and Mohammed M. Bettahar. "Études cinétique et mécanistique de la déshydrogénation oxydante du cyclohexane sur Cs2,5Fe0,08H0,26PMo12O40." Comptes Rendus Chimie 10, no. 7 (July 2007): 637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2006.12.005.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Cinétique et mécanistique"
Buffard, Aude. "Synthèse et étude mécanistique de nanocristaux d'InP et formation d'hétérostructures." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066295.
Повний текст джерелаThis manuscript focuses on the synthesis of InP nanocrystals, their understanding of the mechanisms and the improvement of the optical properties of these objects. The nanocrystals of InP are promising materials for optoelectronic and biomedical applications due to their low toxicity and wide reachable spectral range. However, the synthesis of these nanoparticles is poorly controlled and does not allow to obtain large objects with optical properties comparable to CdSe nanocrystals. The phosphorus precursor commonly used presents a high toxicity and a high cost. The aminophosphine are phosphorus precursors of choice to replace the current one since it has a reduced toxicity and a low cost. A study of different synthesis parameters enabled to highlight the role of some reagents such as primary amines. Through a detailed mechanistic and kinetic study, the understanding of the reactions allows to improve the quality of the synthesized nanocrystals. In order to improve the optical qualities of the synthesized nanocrystals, heterostructures can be formed. InP/ZnS systems allow an increase in fluorescence. However, the deposition material is low. With a view to improve their fluorescence, hybrid heterostructure has been developed. This was developed on nanoplatelets CdSe/CdS as a template. The nanocrystals are surrounded by silica and gold layers which provide good protection concerning the environmental medium. The coupling between the plasmon of the gold and the fluorescence increases the optical properties of the material
Ruyffelaere, Fanny. "Etude mécanistique et cinétique de la dégradation oxydante des molécules parfumantes." Lille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL10154.
Повний текст джерелаPerfumes degradation is a problem of major concern in the perfumery industry because it is responsible for the loss of the odoriferous properties. The aim of this study was to identify the main chemical and photochemical processes, which result in the oxidative degradation of perfumed molecules. The first part was dedicated to the determination of the reactivity of perfumed molecules towards singlet oxygen(1O2) by measuring their global reactivity constants (kr + kq) by resorting to flash photolysis. The photosensitizing properties of dyes commonly used in perfumed composition were also assessed. The second part focuses on the interest of the oxidation potential as an oxidability index for the perfumed molecules. The third part deals with the elucidation of the aldehydes degradation mechanism in a silicone based complex matrix. The last part aimed at determining the antioxidant properties of phenolic perfumed molecules
Buffard, Aude. "Synthèse et étude mécanistique de nanocristaux d'InP et formation d'hétérostructures." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066295/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis manuscript focuses on the synthesis of InP nanocrystals, their understanding of the mechanisms and the improvement of the optical properties of these objects. The nanocrystals of InP are promising materials for optoelectronic and biomedical applications due to their low toxicity and wide reachable spectral range. However, the synthesis of these nanoparticles is poorly controlled and does not allow to obtain large objects with optical properties comparable to CdSe nanocrystals. The phosphorus precursor commonly used presents a high toxicity and a high cost. The aminophosphine are phosphorus precursors of choice to replace the current one since it has a reduced toxicity and a low cost. A study of different synthesis parameters enabled to highlight the role of some reagents such as primary amines. Through a detailed mechanistic and kinetic study, the understanding of the reactions allows to improve the quality of the synthesized nanocrystals. In order to improve the optical qualities of the synthesized nanocrystals, heterostructures can be formed. InP/ZnS systems allow an increase in fluorescence. However, the deposition material is low. With a view to improve their fluorescence, hybrid heterostructure has been developed. This was developed on nanoplatelets CdSe/CdS as a template. The nanocrystals are surrounded by silica and gold layers which provide good protection concerning the environmental medium. The coupling between the plasmon of the gold and the fluorescence increases the optical properties of the material
El, masri Ahmad. "Étude cinétique et mécanistique de la réactivité des composés organophosphorés avec les photooxydants atmosphériques." Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIMS026/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis establishes the mechanism of heterogeneous degradation of chlorpyrifos (CLP) towards OH-radicals and ozone for CLP on quartz plaques and towards ozone for various contaminations of sand with CLP. The kinetic constants of the heterogeneous degradation are determined in a photo-chemical reactor coupled with a GC/MS. The chlorpyriphos-oxon (CLPO) and the trichloropyridinol (TCP) are the degradation products in the heterogeneous phase for different oxidizer and medium. The heterogeneous reactivity of CLPO towards ozone and OH-radicals are also studied. The results show that the OH-radicals constitute the main pathway of heterogeneous degradation of the CLP and that the CLPO is more persistent than the CLP. The CLPO can be transported far from its point of application. The heterogeneous ozonolysis of the CLP on sand shows that the kinetics are dependent of the contamination in CLP with an exponential behavior.The mechanism established from the analysis of products detected in the condensed phase plans the formation of small organophosphate molecules transferred in the gas phase. We studied the reactivity of two volatile organophosphate molecules the O,O,O-triethylphosphate (TEP) and the O,O-diethylethylphosphonate (DEEP) towards OH-radicals and towards the atomic chlorine in gas phase as a function of the temperature. The TEP and the DEEP present rate constants above 10-10 cm3.molecule-1.s-1. These molecules thus quickly degrade in the atmosphere and are source of a local photochemical pollution.Finally, to complete the degradation pattern of the CLP, its gas phase UV spectra is measured and its constant of photolysis is determined to 1,8 10-5 s-1, involving a photolysis life time of around 16 hours
Darwich, Chaza. "Définition et modélisation d'un procédé de synthèse de la N-aminopipéridine en régime continu : cinétique, mécanistique et extraction." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10029.
Повний текст джерелаWafo. "Déchloration catalytique des PCB (polychlorobiphényles) : optimisation et approche mécanistique de la réaction." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11032.
Повний текст джерелаToppi, Stéphanie. "Étude mécanistique et cinétique de la réaction d'hydrodésalkylation d'alkylaromatiques dans les conditions du reformage catalytique." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066355.
Повний текст джерелаBesson, Blondel Caroline. "Etude cinétique et mécanistique en liquéfaction directe du charbon : Impact des conditions opéartoires et dusolvant donneur d'hydrogène." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10191/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the understanding and the modeling of coal hydroliquefaction mechanisms, more precisely the impact of operating conditions and H-donor solvent -hydrogen gas phase-catalyst interactions. Experimental tests are performed in a batch reactor by using Illinois #6 coal, tetralin and NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst. An original separation procedure is developped, combinig micor-distillation and solvent extraction. Complete mass balances allow the dtermination of conversion, product yields and product quality. Operating conditions studied are temperature (380° C-420°C), hdrogen pressure (16-22 MPa) and NiMo/Al2O3 presence. Temperatures mainly impacts the firs stage of liquefaction (also called dissolution), hydrogne pressure and catalyst the products quality. Then, tests performed with other solvents (n-undecan or diethylbenzene) and/or under N2 pressure have shown the crucial impact of solvent on the first stage of liquefaction, and and the high impact of gas phase o products quality. These experimental results allow the establishment of kinetic model. In a first step, maceral are transformed into coke, preasphaltenes and hydrotreatment products. Coke formation only depends on temperature. However, preasphaltenes and hydrotreatment products formation highly depends on solvent. Other products (asphaltenes, vacuum distillate, middle distillate, light distillate and gas) are producted from preasphaltenes
Molinet, Josiane. "Oxydation de la monométhylhydrazine en milieux strictement monophasiques : conception des dispositifs expérimentaux : approche cinétique et mécanistique." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10098.
Повний текст джерелаFouqueau, Axel. "Réactivité des terpènes avec le radical nitrate : études cinétique et mécanistique en chambres de simulation atmosphérique." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0015.
Повний текст джерелаBiogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) are strongly emitted by forests and crops in the atmosphere. They are very reactive towards nitrate radical, the main tropospheric oxidant during the night, and play a key role in atmospheric chemistry. These reactions lead to the formation of a variety of functionalized products (organic nitrates, carbonyl compounds ...) and to large amounts of secondary organic aerosols. Organic nitrates are the main nitrogen oxides reservoir. They directly influence reactive nitrogen and ozone budgets. Secondary organic aerosol has direct and indirect impacts on climate, due to its formation, its optical and hygroscopic properties and its chemical composition. The aim of this work is to understand these processes at the molecular scale, through kinetic and mechanistic studies of NO3 radical oxidation of several BVOCs.Kinetic and mechanistic studies have been performed for three monoterpenes ((C10H16), γ- and α-terpinene and terpinolene) and one sesquiterpene ((C15H24), β-caryophyllene) in atmospheric simulation chambers. These compounds have been chosen to highlight the influence of their chemical structures on their reactivities and to fill the lack of experimental data about their chemistry in the literature.For the kinetic part, rate constants have been measured with both relative and absolute methods. Due to their high reactivities, this study has requiered the development on the simulation chamber of an IBB-CEAS ((Incoherent Broad Band Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy) analysis pathway to measure nitrate radical at the ppt level. Mechanistic studies have been also conducted to identify and quantify the main reaction products. Organic nitrates and SOA yields have been calculated. Detected products allowed proposing reaction mechanisms