Дисертації з теми "Christianisme – Scandinavie – Moyen âge"
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Barabino, Victor. "Des guerriers d’Odin aux chevaliers du Christ : la relation combattant/divinité au prisme de la christianisation dans la diaspora scandinave médiévale, IXe-XIVe siècle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NORMC027.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to study the representations of the relationship between fighters and their gods within the Scandinavian diaspora at the time of the official adoption of Christianity by the emerging Scandinavian monarchies. It examines the transition from a polytheistic to a Christian framework in these representations, in the light of Scandinavian and non-Scandinavian textual sources, as well as archaeological evidence. The study first looks at the representation of the conversion of fighters to Christianity, to show how warriors and warlords gradually made their martial activities part of a devotion to the Christian god. The thesis then examines the various categories of deity with which warriors developed a relationship, whether they be male deities, female deities, or intermediary supernatural figures (heroes, saints). Finally, the interactions between the fighters and the gods that take place directly on the battlefield are studied, from the point of view of the materiality of combat, its proceedings, and its eschatological outcome. By focusing on the cultural transfers that took place within the Scandinavian diaspora, this thesis suggests that the change of religion profoundly altered the relationship that fighters had with the sphere of the divine, leading to the emergence in Scandinavia of the idea of a war waged in the name of God
Coviaux, Stéphane. "Christianisation et naissance d'un épiscopat : l'exemple de la Norvège du Xe au XIIe siècle." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010615.
Повний текст джерелаDahan, Gilbert. "Les intellectuels chrétiens et les Juifs au Moyen Age : polémique et relations culturelles entre chrétiens et juifs en Occident du XIIe au XIVe siècles." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010565.
Повний текст джерелаThe condition of the jews in western europe, xiith-xivth cent. , can be caracterised by its constant degradation : numerous accusations and persecutions, to which could be added exactions from the royal power. The legal status changed as well, from roman citizenship to serfdom, as the jews became a private property. The attitude defined in canon law is ambivalent : if the church tried to keep the life of the jews and forbade forced baptisms, it enacted many decrees and undertook an active policy of mission. We can notice the same duality within the intellectual relationship between christians and jews. First, the contacts were more frequent, about biblical subjects (the critical text of the vulgate as well as the exegesis); hebrew was studied more, with the help of jews, then with converts. In the field of astronomy and medicine, the jews contributed to the transmission in western europe of the improvements of arabic science; in philosophy, the solutions given by maimonides in the conflict between arabohellenic thought and doctrines drawn from the bible were often agreed by christian theologians. However, at the same time, the controversy with judaism was growing, in oral disputations (but instead of free discussions, there were trials) as well as in literary works (contra iudaeos). The method was renewed, notably by an enlargement of the concept of auctoritas (which included then rabbinical literature, well known by some christian polemicists). The polemical themes were always the same : jews do not understand the scriptures, the truths of christianity, the errors of judaism. In the meditation of christian thinkers, we can see once more an ambivalence : some deprived the jews from their own values, whereas others asserted that, though they are guilty, the jewish people must be kept alive. But the problem seems to be often understood only at a theorical level; the image of the jews which appears in their writings is unreal, more and more caricatural, and even bearing features proceeding from popular fantasy
Mouslim, Charafeddine. "La conquête musulmane en France et ses conséquences sociales jusqu'au XIVème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR30007.
Повний текст джерелаThis research paper is concerned with the muslim presence in France during middle age, a presence that was highlighted only through a conflictual aspect, however, numerous documents underlined the fact that it was a period of mutual exchanges and coexistence between muslims, jews and christians. It is only in the 12th century that the history of this presence was revisited in order to make from the muslim or the saracen the other par excellence, so the interest to study the consequence of this presence
Lugt, Maaike Van Der. "Le ver, le démon et la vierge : les théories médiévales de la génération extraordinaire (vers 1100-vers 1350) : une étude sur les rapports entre théologie, philosophie naturelle et médecine." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0039.
Повний текст джерелаPayan, Paul. "Un autre père : l'image de Joseph, époux de Marie, à la fin du Moyen Age." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/payan_p.
Повний текст джерелаBetween 1413 and 1416, the chancellor of the University of Paris, Jean Gerson, tryes to highlight Joseph and to promote the feast of his wedding with the Virgin. He does this in a complicated political context: the one of the civil war between Armagnacs and Bourguignons, and the one of the Great Schism. To him, the divided powers should follow the example of Joseph, who is a model of union and peace. Before him, the Franciscans were the only persons who were realy interested in Joseph, finding in the earthly father of the Christ their ideal of poverty and service. In the same time, the religious iconography renews the vision of this character, giving to him a place sometimes surprising: we can see him cooking, washing, or warming himself by the fire. But he is also more and more associated with the Virgin, adoring the Children. Therefore, even before the expansion of the feast of Saint Joseph at the end of the XVth century, we can, observe a new interest for a character up till then very neglected. From the analysis of the theological and pastoral production, around Gerson and the Franciscans, and from an iconographical corpus centred on french illumination, this study proposes to think about the meaning of this new image of Joseph for a society confronted with an upheaval of its structures. Through this new image, we can see the construction of a reference for the human paternity, strumbled over lineages fragilisation, and over a feeling of distance to the all-powerful paternity of God. The study of this reference is a way to observe the image of paternity in the Latte Middle Ages. Joseph gives to it a model based on weakness, humility, and obedience to a divine mystery. For a divided society in search of marks, he proposes a model of union and peace, as well as a paternal image allowing to revive a genealogical principle needed by every established society
Bezler, Francis. "Les pénitentiels espagnols : contribution à l'étude de la civilisation de l'Espagne chrétienne du haut Moyen Age." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040304.
Повний текст джерелаFerrand, Jacques. "Enfants et miracles dans le haut Moyen Âge." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040066.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of childhood in the unstable period of the high middle age assesses the sanitary conditions of the young through some one thousand accounts of miracles. The first part centers on a study of the structure of the family, of the living condition of children who were threatened by high mortality rates, of the doubts concerning diet, and of early training in behavior. A hagiographical study endeavors to localize in time and space the activities of 280 saints, the majority of whom were European. These narratives are classified according of several medical categories of differing volumes. To which have been added some non-medical and so-called castigation miracles. In opposition to theses thousand miracles, an investigation of the "official" medicine of the period inherited from the latins and arabs seeks to find parallels in contemporary medical science despite its ever-increasing efficiency may at times require recourse to the request for a miracle
Léonard, Alexis. "Insula Sanctorum Insula Sancta : la construction de la sainteté dans l'Irlande médiévale." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0110.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis examines how sanctity is constructed in Medieval Ireland, while it tries to place it in the frame of larger reflection about the notion of sanctifity in the Christian world. The study of birth tales of saints shows the ontological component of sanctity, which is particulary salient in Ireland. These texts take all their sense when they are compared to Biblical precedents and various Irish secular stories. On the other hand, the absence of martyrs during the conversion of the island, and the supposed existence of characters believing in God befor the coming of saint Patrick, permit to distinguish the elements of a sanctification of Ireland, which is presented as a new Promised Land and the Irish as a new Chosen People; at the same time, a corpus of legends tries to show an always earlier rise of Christianity in the island, operation that could be defined as ante-Christianization. Thus, a new function arises for the saints who become "historical mediators". The conversion is not anymore the passage from paganism to Christianity at a given time, but becomes a process that reinterprets previous events in order to integrate them into the Biblical History
Salama, Abdel Aziz Mohamed. "Etude comparée des méthodes de spéculation, d'argumentation et de polémique sur les questions relatives à Dieu chez les théologiens chrétiens et musulmans du VIIe S. /1er S. Au XIIIe S. /VIIe S." Lyon 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO31003.
Повний текст джерелаDumézil, Bruno. "Conversion et liberté dans les royaumes barbares d'Occident de l'Edit de Théodose à la conquête arabe." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040209.
Повний текст джерелаIn the Fifth Century, the end of the Western Empire and the coming of the barbarian people, arian or pagan ones, produced important changes in conversion methods. Civil politics of coercion known during the Empire disappeared, and conversion came back into the hand of bishops. Violence decreased or mutated. But the barbarian kings, dealing about the new problems of their people, were seduced by the principle of forced conversion. For a time, the question of the use of legal violence opposed kings and bishops. But compromises were found to give a definition of the "secular arm". Meanwhile, aristocracy and monks worked to create a social pressure in favour of the Christian religion and so, the last pagan and heretic had to choose quickly between baptism or disappearance
Poignet, Jean-François. "Recherches sur les récits de vision du Christ, en Occident, jusqu'au XIIIe siècle." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100056.
Повний текст джерелаLadouès, Françoise. "Les pélerinages en Aquitaine centrale du XIIème au XVème siècle. Essai de typologie et d'étude des pratiques." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040146.
Повний текст джерелаThe middle ages were times when concrete religious practices were the sign of a mentality. The pilgrimage is one of the most well spread practice: the road, the stick, the veneration of relics. . . Are as many demonstrations of a very developed religiosity. In central Aquitaine, the diocese of Bordeaux, Bazas, Périgueux and then Sarlat, which was, at the same time, a place visited by pilgrims particularly on their way to saint Jacques de Compostelle, and the place where the closed sanctuaries are quite numerous, the practices have evolved between the 12th and the 15th century. After a period of big turmoil, the XIVth and the XVth centuries have witnessed a rise of individualism and the development of "the race to indulgences". The old sanctuaries were however still visited. So this work will able to be carried on because the sources are scattered. An inventory of the sanctuaries has been made, a typology of the sanctuaries has been tried and the practices of pilgrims have been registered
Wenner, Carole. "Images et perceptions des juifs dans l'espace germanique : entre fantasmes et réalités (XIIIe-XVIIe siècles)." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR20060.
Повний текст джерелаIs the jew of imaginery the same that the jews christians daily go around with ? On and after the 13th the Church asserts its authority and weakens jewish life in Germany. Then antijudaism is a reality for jewish people of the Middles Ages, which extends in modern times (16th-17th centuries) with the speech and thought of humanists and theologians. Medieval and modern documents, like historiography, give us a picture of a demonic and imaginery jew, who is more an outward manifestation of christians' fears than reality. But these documents show us another picture of jews, which is more friendly. Scapegoats or good jews ? The german history of mental and iconographical perceptions of jews are very different and this work tries to explain each of them
Treffort, Cécile. "Genese du cimetiere chretien. Etude sur l'accompagnement du mourant, les funerailles, la commemoration des defunts et les lieux d'inhumation a l'epoque carolingienne (entre loire et rhin, milieu viiie- debut xie siecle)." Lyon 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO20030.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to enlight the changes which appeared in the funeral rites during the early middle ages (carolingian period) by studying jointly textual, archeological and iconographical dates. A set of sacremente around the dying (confession, unction, viaticum) and various types of liturgical commemoration (mass for funerals, tripl commemoration, insert of dead's memento in the mass'canon, votive masses, monastic offices) were developped, thanks to a movment of "penitentialisation" of the death. This evolution goes together with a modification of the funeral customs. At least, the burial grounds, which are often grouped together around the church, were sacralised. This consecratio cymiteril really founded the christian cemetery, which is exclusively "reserved" for the good believers
Coussemacker, Sophie. "L'ordre de saint Jérôme en Espagne : 1373-1516." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100196.
Повний текст джерелаEremitical in his beginning, the order of san Jeronimo experience a fast development in medieval Spain, with the support of the kings and of the aristocracy. The hieronymites meet with some crises before the 1470’s: scission of the isidorites, external attacks, internal crisis, under the generalat of Alfonso de Oropesa. The crisis increase with the establishment of an internal inquisition and the adoption of a statute of "limpieza de sangre", measures due to the opposition between two factions. The purge is violent, but however limitated. The catholic kings impose on hieronymites some economical and spiritual reforms, but associate them to their government, with Fernando de Talavera, their confessor, and some others reformators. Then in order to reestablish their image, the hieronymites resume the redaction of their general chronicle, started at the end of the 1480's. The conventual chronicles will be collected in 1539 by Pedro de la Vega and in 1596 by Jose de Siguenza
Morard, Martin. "La harpe des Clercs : réception médiévales du Psautier latin entre usages populaires et commentaires scolaires." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040200.
Повний текст джерелаThe edition of prologues and the census of the commentaries of the psalms written in the Middle Age indicate a fascination which raises question. The analysis of four parameters _ the book (biblical, liturgical, devotionnal Psalter), its pratices (liturgy, devotion, practice funerary, penance, magic) its intelligence (reading, memorizing, eaching, exegesis), its sociology (reception by the laity, the nobility, the women, clerks, monks)_ brings to light, between 7th and 15th century, the emergence in Western Europe of a civilisation of the Psalter, increasing with the evangelization of Europe and monastic live, culmination int 12th century, then decreasing slowly. In the schools, the meeting Between religion and the reason accentuates separation between the popular and the clerical practices. The Psalte ris imitated by Rosary, replaced by Books of hours and marial devotion, while the clergy prefers studying exegesis ans theology tha to ting psalms
Holstein, John. "Les grands saints successeurs de Saint Patrick en Irlande." Rennes 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN20011.
Повний текст джерелаOften characterized by their widespread culture, their prolific literary works as well as their distinct originality, the early medieval Irish have never ceased to intrigue historians of Celtic Christianity. From the arrival of Sant Patrick in the fifth century up to the council of Cashel in the twelfth, Christian Ireland enjoyed the attributes of a highly unique civilization resulting from the union of both Celtic and Judaeo-Christian traditions. Using authentic legal and ecclesiastical documents in the Irish language, the author proposes a methodical investigation into the spiritual reality behind the golden age of Irish saints. This study has a twofold purpose: firstly to explore and analyse the ties between the early medieval Christian community and its mythological past, secondly to reveal the influence of these ties upon the evolution of Irish monasticism. Far from being exhaustive, the main objective of our thesis is to throw light on some of the least considered and often misunderstood aspects of medieval Ireland
Driscoll, Michael S. "Alcuin et la pénitence à l'époque carolingienne." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040117.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject of the thesis is two-fold: the time of Alcuin, which is exceedingly complex and fluid regarding penitential practices; and Alcuin’s personality, spirituality and the place of penitence within his spirituality, which make him a master of metanoia both for his contemporaries and for posterity. The thesis is so organized around four axes drawn from Alcuin’s response to Benedict of Aniane's question as to what Alcuin prayed for, when he prayed for himself: "this I ask of Christ: lord, let me be conscious of my sins; confess them; accomplish a sincere penance for them; and from them let me be pardoned" (Vita Alchuini). At the risk of exaggerating the logical organization of this sentence attributed to Alcuin, I use it to introduce the four principal axes: biographical - the life of a person who is gifted yet who remains lucid; sacramental - the means of living as a free person while conforming to the demands of the church; spiritual - the gradual and deep renunciation of the world for the kingdom; theological - the understanding which recognizes little by little the gifts of god. The vigor, density in meaning and simplicity of these words make them a short summa of his penitential thought, and for this reason present them as a leitmotiv. Such a personalist approach can complete a pure institutional one which we often find in the history of penance
Maillard, Clara. "Les papes et le Maghreb aux XIIIème et XIVème siècles, étude des lettres pontificales de 1199 à 1419." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT3042.
Повний текст джерелаThe pontiffs had to keep contact with the Arab-Muslim world, the Eastern part naturally - Egypt and Middle East - but also the Western one - Spain and Maghrib -. That is why Innocent III was, as soon as 1199, in contact with "Miramolin, king of Morocco ". When decades later, in 1233 and 1235, Grégoire IX decided to write to the Muslim sovereigns, he sent letters to the monarchs of Bagdad, Damascus, to the Seldjoukids of Rūm as well as to "Miramolin" of Morocco and to the King of Tunis. As his eminent predecessor, he did not forget Maghrib. About two hundred and one letters, written during XIIIth and XIVth centuries and for the greater part registered in the registers of the Vatican Secret Archives, help to enlighten the position of the Holy See in regards to the Maghrib. The popes supported the attempts of expansion of the Christianity in North Africa (by preaching and crusading) but that was not their only concern. They also cared for the Christians who were still living in Maghrib : traders, mercenaries and captives. The papacy had to reconcile these two aspects and had to adapt to the reality of the life of these communities in Muslim North Africa. It was informed of different kinds of events which were taking place in the kingdoms of North Africa, especially those of Marrakesh and Tunis. To bring their politics to a successful conclusion and keep links with the Christians living in distant land, the popes kept in contact with both Christian and Muslim sovereigns, writing letters, sending messengers through the Mediterranean Sea, supporting the works of the monks in this continent and establishing a bishopric in Marrakesh
Popescu, Dan-Alexandru. "La symbolique du pouvoir monarchique au Moyen âge (Les principautés roumaines et la france: étude comparative) : de l'Orient à l'Occident : le souverain chrétien." Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/thesepopescu.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe medieval European civilization is a deeply Christian one. Jesus is the only example to follow, an exquisite Rex gloriae, whose kingdom remains separate from the physical universe and from the earthly life. The monarch, in expectation of the eternal redemption, can aspire to imitate his “superior”. King's power is limited by the power of God (rex a Deo coronatus): the anointment and the coronation of the monarch are two stages in the same mythical rite, of an initiating character, by which a person is invested with the divine gift. But sacred does not mean holy, and the sovereign has to be worthy of God's trust every day (being a mimethes Christou, like in the Byzantine imperial tradition). The church, an active participant in the ceremony by which a new king is born (consacratio) cannot afford to be ignored and the alliance between the two institutions is welded by their common mission: the government, in the name of God, of the human community (respublica Christiana). Orthodoxy, the prevalence of customs and the maintenance of traditions, the lack or the inefficiency of striving for social renewal, the patriarchal organization of life after a Byzantine archetypal model, all these define the originality of the Romanian feudality within the framework of a larger cultural-european area. With reference to political creation, the domnia, this becomes complete with the institution of church: the ruling authority cannot depart from the religious element, which is constitutive of the state. The feudal monarchy is based on the support it offers to monachical life, in exchange of which it receives political support. The spirituality is in search of patrons, and the ruling power wants mystical support: the voivode-church relationship is thus, welded rapidly and on the long-term
Dubourg, Ninon. "« Ad obsequium divinum inhabilem», la reconnaissance de la condition de personne infirme par la chancellerie pontificale (XIIe – XIVe siècles)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/DUBOURG_Ninon_2_complete_20190525.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe petitions received and the letters sent by the Papal Chancery between the 12th-14th century attest the recognition of invalidity by the Papacy. They acknowledge the existence of a physical or mental infirmity and allow the supplicant to adapt his missions of cleric or Christian according to his abilities. These documents lie at the boundary between the institutional word and practical sources. Supplicant’s solicitations bring about an intense and complex epistolary production, whose main actors are the disabled individuals and the curial and ecclesiastical personnel. They reveal the specific legislation of the institution and lead to a definition of infirmity by the Papal Chancery, one that categorizes invalid bodies according to their physical or mental condition. Curia’s replies to solicitations, based on a case law system, constitute further evidence of the recognition of the disabled person’s condition. The supplications and letters thus constitute an excellent laboratory of analysis to study medieval disability in its relation to the Papacy as an institution
Jourdan, François. "La mort du messie en croix dans les églises araméennes et sa relation à l'islam jusqu'à l'arrivée des mongols en 1258." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040067.
Повний текст джерелаIs the fact of muslims denying the messiah's death on the cross definitely irremediable and what does it mean? The fact of his crucifixion constitutes the kernel of gospels and the heart of liturgy in the aramean churches, in spite of the exhausting and overrunning christological quarrels. Hadith and commentators deny this fact, whereas the Qour'an does not reproach the christians for attesting it, but the jews for thinking that they have got the better of "isa through his crucifixion. It is mostly religious and political christianity which is the basis of muslim's position, as they have another vision of the same god. However, Islam might admit the fact some day, provided that christians and muslims would really accept god's non-violence through the cross, in the same way as nestorians and Francis of Assisi, Charles de Foucault, Massignon or Gandhi have been able to understand it
Lopez, Élisabeth. "Sainte Colette : aspects culturels d'une forme de sainteté au Moyen-Age." Lyon 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO31005.
Повний текст джерелаThe first book is a study in eight chapters of the two first biographies of s. Colette which were written by brother p. De vaux and sister perrine, who were contemporaries and disciples of the reformer abbess. The study enables us to make obvious the main characteristics of an image of holiness, and indispensable elementfor later periods in order to give great importance to the development of s. Colette's legenda with miscellaneous factors according to the preoccupation of ecclesiastic and laic authors. Works written by the sainte (letters, constitutions. . . ) make us know in the second book others appearances of her personnality. She was an"enterprising" woman who promoted with firmness the reform of s. Clare's primitive rule in the way back to the ancient rule. The third book is the study of the reforming work of the same period made by the italian clares, the main ideas of the franciscan renewal and the regulations at the intention of pious laic women for information. It sets and assesses s. Colette's reform in the church of the 18th century. The connections of this work with the great families of france and burgundy are also underlined. The fourth book deals with evolution of the reform from the 15th century to the present days, by different approaches. The last chapter, as an epilogue, is the sommary of colettines's history in the 19th and 20th centuries and their behaviour in the respect to the second council of vatican
Baloup, Daniel. "La croyance au purgatoire en Vieille-Castille : (vers 1230 - vers 1530)." Pau, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PAUU1002.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduced in Castile in the course of the XIII century, and mainly due to the influence of the indulgence preachers, the belief in purgatory took deep roots in the representations of salvation influenced by the ordeal of the reconquest. Yet, the cult of purgatory first developed in the last decades of the XVth century, through a wolly original iconography wich linked the salvation of the afflicted souls to Christ’s descent into Limbo and then trough the emergence of the brotherhoods of purgatory. After the first creation, in Valladolid, in 1492, initiated by a group of laymen, the number of brotherhoods increased through the impetus given by the clergy in an attempt to channel off obituary practices in favour of the parishes. The success of this devotion can be interpreted as an answer to the identity crisis wich was then rocking this border society, deprived of its traditional landmarks by the eviction of the Jews, the end of the reconquest (1492) and the mass conversions
Thornton, Ryan. "Franciscan Poverty and Franciscan Economic Thought : 1209-1444." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0108.
Повний текст джерелаIn order to determine whether there was a relationship between Franciscan poverty and the economic thought of the Franciscans, one must begin by defining the first as it had its origin in the life of Francis of Assisi and his creation of a religious order within the Catholic Church in 1209. It then becomes possible to identify the progressive development of this poverty within the Order of Friars Minor through a dialogue with successive popes and over the course of different events involving the Franciscans. At the heart of the inquiry is the discussion of various economic subjects (exchange, contracts, loans, usury, the gift) by the Franciscans Peter of John Olivi, John Duns Scotus, and Gerald Odonis, as their works establish the existence of economic thought among the Friars Minor. By continuing to follow the interaction between the Order and the papacy, one sees important changes in Franciscan poverty and, consequently, a reprise of the economic thought of Olivi, Scotus, and Odonis in the sermons of Bernardine of Sienna, who died in 1444 and provides a terminus for the present study
Braida, Francesca. ""L'âme, l'image, le miroir" : les rêves dans l'histoire et la littérature latine et française du Moyen Age (XIIe-XIVe siècle)." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0098.
Повний текст джерелаLoddé, Françoise. "Cinq testaments de prélats enregistrés au parlement de Paris sous le règne de Charles VI : étude d'histoire religieuse." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100142.
Повний текст джерелаMériaux, Anne. "Prophètes et prophéties en France à la fin du Moyen Age." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100045.
Повний текст джерелаAt the end of the Middle Ages, a number of minor prophets sought to deliver a message which they claim they had received from God. This charismatic phenomenon can be related to contemporary crises: religious crisis with the Western Schism (1378-1417) ; political crisis with the civil war; and national crisis with the Hundred Year’s War. These minor prophets are often stereotypical: they come from the frontier of the kingdom; the men are often hermits, like John the Baptist; the women tend to be widows, beguines or recluses. Although they don’t always display a specific sign, the sanctity of their behavior openly establishes that they are prophets, and many of them perform miracles. The content of their message evolves little during the period of interest: it pertains to the Schism, the necessary reform of the Church, and the crusade. Some prophets also announce the End of Time, in the same manner as the prophet-preachers predicting the coming of the Antichrist, or ‘makers’ of prophecies, whom the most active were influenced by Joachim of Fiore. They also embody the diffusion of messianic ideas in favor of the House of France, especially the ‘Charles’ Kings. However, due to a lack of reference doctrine about ‘discretio spirituum’, the official Church will succeed in controlling prophetism. It will confine it to few small circles, and, above all, will empty it of its subversive substance
Aillet, Cyrille. "Les Mozarabes : christianisme et arabisation en Al-Andalus (IXe-XIIe siècle)." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA083706.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the history of arabized Christianism in al-Andalus and the Iberic Peninsula between the IXth and XIIIth century. After 850, Cordoba became the cradle of this cultural interference process. Far from being doomed to decline, the al-Andalus Christians have then shaped a culture based on three models : Visigothic, Islamic, and Eastern Christian. The Mozarab situation, stamped by the influence of Arabic culture on Hispanic Christianism, is not limited the sole Islamic territory since al-Andalus Christians immigration scattered genuine arabized diasporas in the North Christian kingdoms. The Mozarabic situation conveys the ascendancy of Islam on Iberic Christianism until the XIth century. In the XIIth century, the al-Andalus Christians expulsion forced the Mozarabs to an exile in the North where they were rapidly assimilated by communities now looking exclusively towards a Latin model
Haddad, Mohamed Al. "L'Occident chrétien médiéval vu par les historiens arabes d'hier et d'aujourd'hui." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010511.
Повний текст джерелаCharles-Dominique, Luc. "Musiques de Dieu, musiques du diable : anthropologie de l'esthétique musicale française : du Moyen-Age à l'âge baroque." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0098.
Повний текст джерелаBain, Emmanuel. "Eglise, richesse et pauvreté dans l'occident médiéval : l'éxégèse des Evangiles aux XIIe-XIIIe siècles." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE2025.
Повний текст джерелаGarzon, Ramirez Fernando. "L'union du divin et de l'humain : le Royaume de Dieu dans l'oeuvre de Saint Bonaventure." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040097.
Повний текст джерелаFor saint Bonaventure (1217-1274), the kingdom of god is the union of divinity with humanity. God communicates his divinity to man, thus restoring the dignity of the original human condition. Through this relation with god, man reaches fulfillment in the majestic condition in which he was created. Divinity can be recognized through his constant actions throughout history for the salvation of all creatures. From the creation of the world and of man, in spite of all the inconsistencies and stupefying actions that seemed to imperil the original plan of creation, god has shown a providential desire for unity and harmony. Man, an intelligent and free being, is called upon to lead this communion to its fulfillment. The object of man and all creation is happiness. This will be reached when god will reside wholly in all creatures, in the definitive and eternal fulfillment of his kingdom of glory. We note that man is united with divinity through the kingdom of god following the same path as humanization of god in the incarnation of Christ. It is in day to day existence that the present of the kingdom of god "here and now" becomes reality. Thus, the search for the truth that is god takes place in the arena of history. History, therefore, is not just the science of the past, but the study of the future of creation, of man, and of humanity in god. Humanity tries to decipher her current state through analysis of the past, and it is through the future that she will reach fulfillment. This thesis describes the theologico-historical context within which the originality of saint Bonaventure’s doctrine on the kingdom of god becomes evident (the evangelical experience of saint Francis of Assis and the reflections of Joachim of Fiore). It establishes the kingdom of god as the work of the trinity, and shows the link between anthropology and theology in saint Bonaventure’s works
Lenoble, Clément. "L’exercice de la pauvreté : les franciscains d’Avignon, l’incertitude économique et la circulation des richesses à la fin du Moyen Âge." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20058.
Повний текст джерелаHow analyse and understand the way the Franciscans ruled their houses in the late Middle Ages ? The transformations of conventual economics have been observed in notarial documentation and considered as the abandon of the original ideal of poverty, a betrayal of Francis of Assisi’s original project, that would justify the Spiritual’s protest movement and the Observant reform. These mutations are brought to light by the daily ledgers of the convent of Avignon produced and conserved from 1359 to 1480. It is possible to reconstruct the Friars’ way of life, their economics, the exchanges with the city and their specific methods of managing the convent. It is possible to analyse the conventual economic in the light of the economic crisis, the franciscan rules and norms elaborated by the theologians and jurists. The ledgers show the Friars’ efforts and methods to submit themselves to the local market. It reveals the links between pastoral activities, the faithful’s piety and the conventual economics
Jung, Christel. "L'abbaye de Niederaltaich : centre de réforme monastique aux Xème et XIème siècles." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100159.
Повний текст джерелаThe abbey of Niederaltaich was founded in 741 by Odilon, duke of Bavaria, to extend colonization and evangelization of the region in the north of the Danube. The Bavarian forest. This monastery played an important political part until the first crisis at the beginning of the xo century. Godehard, abbot of Niederaltaich since 996, restored the Benedictine rule, and the monastery lived a new prosperity. The two vitae written by Wolfher and the epistolary collection of Froumund of Tegernsee inform us how the reform has been introduced in the monasteries of Niederaltaich, Tegernsee and Hersfeld. His reforming work always allowed an economic and cultural growth for the reformed monasteries. He became bishop of Hildesheim in 1022 and was a great creator of churches and a model for his contempories, so he was canonized in 1131. Gunther, a riche aristocrat, became hermit in 1008 and he had a great part in the economic development of his monastery and the Bavarian forest. He founded the hermitage of rinchnach and built a way (gunthersteig) between Niederaltaich and the "golden way". The road leading to bohemia. He went to the pagan liutices to evangelize them. He incited Etienne, king of Hungary, to found the monastery of bel in the Bakony forest. And he made peace between the emperor henry III and the Czech prince Bretislas during the war of 1041. He died in 1045 and he was buried in the monastery of Brevnov. With the help of these two exceptional persons
Lebouteiller, Simon. "Faire la paix dans la Scandinavie médiévale : recherche sur les formes de pacification et les rituels de paix dans le monde scandinave au Moyen Âge (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle)." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN1018.
Повний текст джерелаBetween the 8th and the 13th century, Scandinavian war and aristocratic leaders took part in many conflicts. For example, we observe in Scandinavia the rise of kingship which brought about oppositions from local chieftains and rivalry for power. This period was also characterized by the development of the Scandinavian in Europe, especially during the Viking Ages, and by many confrontations in the regions where they were active. In this dissertation, we are concerned with a particular aspect of these conflicts : how they used to be resolved and how peaceful relations were maintained between former adversaries. It is firstly a question of examining the rituals and the diplomatic practice used by the Scandinavian to organize negotiations and to reach settlements : message and embassy sendings, mediation, negotiations and meeting places, hostageship, oath-taking. . . Another focus is on the variations and evolutions of peacemaking technics and the consequences of Christianization and the rise of kingship on these practices. We are also interested in the representation of peace and peacemaking and its stakes in Scandinavian literature, most notably in historiography, Icelandic sagas, scaldic poetry or the Eddas
Delacroix-Besnier, Claudine. "Les Dominicains et la Chrétienté grecque aux quatorzième et quinzième siècles." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100214.
Повний текст джерелаThe Dominicans were great agents of a pontifical policy aiming at the end of the Greek schism. The preachers were diplomats negotiating with the oriental sovereigns. They were involved in the process which ended with the settlement of self-governing principalities, for example Ruthenia and Moldavia. But their apostolate led them to an opening out to native cultures. In Italian settlements, they mainly carried on their ministry among catholic communities. Mother countries did not tolerate the missionaries' proselytism and strictly controlled local churches. The main purpose of local officers was indeed social peace. This policy resulted in a peaceful cohabitation of all the religious communities and the melting of upper classes. In other countries, the Dominican proselytism was exerted among upper elites. It brought about both several conversions to the catholic faith among members of the byzantine court and holding of the council of Florence (1439). The heart of the mission was the sudium
Simon-Walckenaer, Marie-Emmanuelle. "La confession dans le théâtre de la fin du Moyen Âge : farce, mystère, moralité." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100004/document.
Повний текст джерелаConfessing sins is a yearly duty for all Christians since the council of Lateran IV (1215). The broad impact of this religious practice on late medieval civilization is patent through the French theatre of the xiiith – xvith centuries. Comic short plays (farces) show realistic scenes of confession: but, due to the confessor’s or the sinner’s attitude, none is right. The comical and critical distance allows the use of the ritual form, disconnected from the preoccupation of heaven and hell and applied to terrestrial purposes. On the contrary, the use of allegory in morality plays (moralités) aims at showing the signification of the sacrament: images emphasize the meaning of this sacrament which provides ways of salvation to the soul of the sinner. The moments of the rite, contrition, confession, and penance, are, like every other notion in connection with them, impersonated by allegorical characters who explain and perform the sacrament. Eventually, in the Passion plays (mystères), saint characters tell their conversion to the ritual forms of the sacrament, showing the equivalency, in that civilization, between conversion and confession. Despite esthetic differences depending on the theater genres, all plays show a similar interest on some aspects of the sacrament: the reluctance every man must overcome to formulate his self-accusation, the pastoral care with which the institution keeps explaining and convincing people of its use and finally, as it rises in the xvie Century, the protestant contestation of the sacrament. Theatre thus appears to be a testimony of the average late medieval theology
Michaud, Philippe-Alain. "Le peuple des images : trois essais sur les attitudes figuratives dans le christianisme antique." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010638.
Повний текст джерелаDenkha, Ataa. "L’imaginaire du paradis et le monde de l’au-delà dans le christianisme et dans l’islam, une étude comparative." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAK009/document.
Повний текст джерелаParadise is an essential aspect of both religions, for which earthly realities have been used to imagine a place of happiness and perfection. Its concepts are to be found in the Bible as well as the Quran, the writings of the Fathers of the Church, the hadiths and more general literature. Visionaries have reported stunning descriptions of it, and its beauties have never ceased to be illustrated by artists over the centuries. In order to discover, know, understand its multiple aspects, it has been necessary, not only to insert it into the context of history, but also to situate it in the realm of eschatology and to examine the other places of the great Beyond. Our research attempts to elaborate a comparative study between the Holy Scriptures of Christianity and Islam. We have confronted exegetic, dogmatic and iconographic data so as to find out the coherence inherent to each religion, hoping thereby to discover their specific approaches and the main differences between their own visions of Paradise and afterlife. Our reflection has led us to conclude that the images of Paradise in Christianity and Islam are derived from the way the texts are considered and interpreted. But the remaining question is the use of the word nowadays, particularly in the context of Islam. This dissertation thus questions, even refutes the promises of Paradise made to Muslims under the guise of new forms of violence calling forth crowds of candidates to murder
Vermot-Petit-Outhenin, Stéphanie. "La réception de Boèce au XIIIe siècle : Saint Thomas d'Aquin lecteur du De Trinitate." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN1508.
Повний текст джерелаBoquet, Damien. "L'ordre de l'affect au Moyen Age : autour de la notion d'affectus-affectio dans l'anthropologie cistercienne au XIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040130.
Повний текст джерелаThe Christian notion of affectus-affectio is a product of two semantic trends: the first one is general and refers to any kind of psychological or bodily state; the second one is more specialized and takes root in the pagan philosophy of passions. Affect thus plays a central part in Western religious anthropology: it reveals the diversity of the soul's impulses between the two poles of natural appetite and reasonable will, and it represents the conflict in man between the carnal and the spiritual. In the twelfth century, the Cistercians attempt to make a synthesis of the spontaneous and rational sides of affect within an endeavour to reunify human nature. This enterprise aims at fostering the spiritual rehabilitation of the being as a whole, but it also conveys a model of aristocratic masculine sociability. Spiritual friendship thus proves to be a community response that makes it possible for the individual to participate in his own salvation through an affective relationship
Benoit, Jean-Louis. "L'art littéraire dans les Miracles de Nostre Dame, de Gautier de Coinci." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040327.
Повний текст джерелаIn a first part entitled "art in the service of faith", the author's project is brought to light. Beyond the translation and versification of the Latin miracles the purpose is to pass a religious message centered round incarnation and Mary’s mercy. Narration is in the service of preaching. It transmits and illustrates a popular catechism on the essential points of faith. The aesthetics of the miracles by Gautier is related to "the art of the cathedrals" (G. Duby). The satire is linked to this didactic and reforming project. It is in keeping with the moral tradition of criticism of "estats du siècle". The clergy is the first to be aimed at. The search for truth is accompanied by a lyrical commitment in which the past time is brought back to life. The writer is involved in a violent controversy with the profane literature of his time. He nevertheless borrows from it its processes and its set of themes to convert them to the service of Mary. In a second part "a literature to the service of pleasure", we study the different types of plots, the characters, comedy and irony, the forms of pathos and of the supernatural, which have made the success of a both sacred and popular literature. The poetic techniques, in which an unrivalled virtuosity is played, reveal a humorous writer and a mystical artist. In "the delights of the verb" (ch. IX), faith and pleasure are joined together
Delumeau, Jean-Pierre. "Arezzo, espace et sociétés, 715-1230 : recherches sur Arezzo et son contado du VIIIe au début du XIIIe siècle." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010503.
Повний текст джерелаThis essay in italian medieval history traces the history of the city and territory of Azerro in Tuscany from c. 715 to c. 1230. Its first part is concerned with historical ecology and rural production, then with peasant conditions and status, with manors, and with the alteration of this basic framework to 1100. The 2nd part deals with the exercise of power in the aretine county, then with the main 'peripherical; and endly with the local nobility and gentry the 3rd part is devoted to the church : the bishopric and secular clergy, the rise of monasticism, and the leading aretine monasteries. The 4th part retraces the development of pre-communal arezzo: the city in the early middle ages; the urban and suburban growth ; the urban notables; the trends of power in the city and the birth of the commune in the years 1098-1110. The last five chapters are dealing with aretine history in the years 1120-1220: the changing economic, social and cultural background; the politics of the kingdom of italy and its local effects to 1197; the aretine communal institutions and politics; the structural aspects of communal rise in Arezzo and in lesser communes: law and order, economical regulation, and taxation, and the struggle for communal space. Endly, the last chapter analyses the history and changing balances of the church, especially the strengthening of the secular frame and the slowing down of monastic impulse
Wallerich, François. "« Ad corroborandam fidem » : miracles eucharistiques, discours clérical et ordre social (XIe-XIIIe siècle)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100101.
Повний текст джерелаThe study focuses on miracles attributed to the eucharistic species. In the middle of the 11th century, the substantial presence of Christ in the eucharist is conceived in a realistic way, in the context of the Gregorian reform and the controversy raised by Berangar's theology. Miraculous tales produced at the time can be seen not only as a way to illustrate the eucharistic dogma, but also to express a clercical pattern for the whole society. The study follows the chronological order. At first, the narratives associate eucharistic realism with the enhancement of priesthood (1050-1170). Then, a major turn can be stressed between 1170 and 1230. At that time, especially in the Cistercian order, exempla are compiled in a new kind of collections. Miracles take place in the context of « pastoral turn » and the growth of the heresies, which they try to fight. In the two last thirds of the 13th century, the documentation allows us to analyze the place of these miracles in the preaching of the mendicant friars. These use miraculous tales in order to stress upon public manifestations of eucharistic piety as a way for the laity to express its Christian identity. The study ends with the progressive spreading of the new feast dedicated to the corpus Christi to the whole Christianity, which makes a decisive step in 1317, when pope John XXII includes the bull Transiturus in the Clementines
Abed, Julien. "La parole de la sibylle : fable et prophétie à la fin du Moyen Age." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040003.
Повний текст джерелаThe Sibyl was a true prophet. This study questions that commonplace idea from the Late Middle Ages, following three axes. First, it examines how the Sibyl’s speech related to Ancient times – the texts depict the prophetess’s voice as one originating in olden times. Second, it details how her words have been linked to oracles, because the Middle Ages have used her speech to deliver prophecies foretelling the history of salvation and the history of mankind. Third, it considers the relation between her voice and gender, since the Sibyl’s ability to access knowledge and reach the sacred has been determined by the various representations of the mediaeval woman. This work is based on unpublished manuscripts as well as better-known literary works. It shows that the Sibyl, oscillating between myth and prophecy, has been consistently regarded as prophetess of Christ and has enabled writers to stage her authority in different ways
Niu, Ruji. "Inscriptions et manuscrits nestoriens en écriture syriaque découverts en Chine (XIIIe - XIV siècles)." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE4052.
Повний текст джерелаVanneufville, Éric. "La Provence des Ostrogoths aux arabes 508-889." Lille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL30017.
Повний текст джерелаRiparian by the mediterranean sea and in connexion with the other riparian countries around this sea, situated at the way out of the alpine and auvergne trafic ways and at the beginning of the axle rhonenorth sea, the provence settles a privilegied study ground about the period from the beginning of the 6th to the end of the 9th century, which shows the transition between the roman antiquity and the feudal society. This mutation is studied along the periods characterized by the germa-nic invasions, the ostrogothic presence, the rise of the frankish power, the emergence of a relative self government of the provence, the arab menace, the carolingian conquest, pacification and decline, the prelude to feudalism. And entered upon the following aspects : institutions, mentalities and behaviours, literary and artistic life, ethnic facts, the important part of church, specially arlesian, rural country, urban life, monetary means, products and roads, provencal and extra-provencal, of the trade by sea, river and land, and the part of stage played by the provence generally and marseille specially between the mediterranean north seas
Mouton-Bonnichon, Marie-Odile. "Le mariage des chrétiens selon le traité d'Innocent III, du quadruple aspect des noces (De Quadripartita Specie Nuptiarum) : origines et tradition des rites du mariage en Occident." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H094.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this research is to examine the secular and liturgical rites pertaining to marriage in Rome at the end of the XIIth century based on a Latin treaty by Lothaire de Segni (Innocent III, 1198-1216) entitled On the quadruple aspect of nuptials and unpublished in French. The origin of these rites will be traced in the evolution of a quadruple tradition -Jewish, Greco-Roman, Christian and Germanic- since the Roman Empire. The objective is also to establish the permanence of these rites as well as their transformations and even, in some cases, their eliminations with the losses of signification implied in that, based on the written and iconographic sources which cover the cultural field of the Latin Medieval Occident. The gestural language can reveal some interesting points on the symbolism of these rites and bring out additional information on the implicit meaning in the written testimonies about nuptial rites