Готові списки джерел за темами / CHIRP INPUT

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "CHIRP INPUT"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "CHIRP INPUT"

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Liu, Weici. "Effect of initial chirp for input pulse on supercontinuum generation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2029, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2029/1/012019.

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Abstract The generation of supercontinuum spectrum is a very complex nonlinear process. Based on the nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE), the effect of initial chirp on supercontinuum generation is numerically studied by split-step Fourier (SSF) method. The positive chirp and negative chirp have different effects on the supercontinuum generation. The results show that the energy distribution of supercontinuum spectrum can be improved by selecting appropriate chirp value.
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2

Mulsow, Jason, James J. Finneran, Madelyn G. Strahan, Dorian S. Houser, and Robert F. Burkard. "Input compensation of dolphin and sea lion auditory brainstem responses using frequency-modulated up-chirps." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, no. 2 (August 1, 2023): 739–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0020566.

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Frequency-modulated “chirp” stimuli that offset cochlear dispersion (i.e., input compensation) have shown promise for increasing auditory brainstem response (ABR) amplitudes relative to traditional sound stimuli. To enhance ABR methods with marine mammal species known or suspected to have low ABR signal-to-noise ratios, the present study examined the effects of broadband chirp sweep rate and level on ABR amplitude in bottlenose dolphins and California sea lions. “Optimal” chirps were designed based on previous estimates of cochlear traveling wave speeds (using high-pass subtractive masking methods) in these species. Optimal chirps increased ABR peak amplitudes by compensating for cochlear dispersion; however, chirps with similar (or higher) frequency-modulation rates produced comparable results. The optimal chirps generally increased ABR amplitudes relative to noisebursts as threshold was approached, although this was more obvious when sound pressure level was used to equate stimulus levels (as opposed to total energy). Chirps provided progressively less ABR amplitude gain (relative to noisebursts) as stimulus level increased and produced smaller ABRs at the highest levels tested in dolphins. Although it was previously hypothesized that chirps would provide larger gains in sea lions than dolphins—due to the lower traveling wave speed in the former—no such pattern was observed.
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3

Solyman, Ahmad AA, Hani Attar, Mohammad R. Khosravi, and Baki Koyuncu. "MIMO-OFDM/OCDM low-complexity equalization under a doubly dispersive channel in wireless sensor networks." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 16, no. 6 (June 2020): 155014772091295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147720912950.

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In this article, three novel systems for wireless sensor networks based on Alamouti decoding were investigated and then compared, which are Alamouti space–time block coding multiple-input single-output/multiple-input multiple-output multicarrier modulation (MCM) system, extended orthogonal space–time block coding multiple-input single-output MCM system, and multiple-input multiple-output system. Moreover, the proposed work is applied over multiple-input multiple-output systems rather than the conventional single-antenna orthogonal chirp division multiplexing systems, based on the discrete fractional cosine transform orthogonal chirp division multiplexing system to mitigate the effect of frequency-selective and time-varying channels, using low-complexity equalizers, specifically by ignoring the intercarrier interference coming from faraway subcarriers and using the LSMR iteration algorithm to decrease the equalization complexity, mainly with long orthogonal chirp division multiplexing symbols, such as the TV symbols. The block diagrams for the proposed systems are provided to simplify the theoretical analysis by making it easier to follow. Simulation results confirm that the proposed multiple-input multiple-output and multiple-input single-output orthogonal chirp division multiplexing systems outperform the conventional multiple-input multiple-output and multiple-input single-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. Finally, the results show that orthogonal chirp division multiplexing exhibited a better channel energy behavior than classical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, thus improving the system performance and allowing the system to decrease the equalization complexity.
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4

van Brederode, J. F. M., and A. J. Berger. "GAD67-GFP+ Neurons in the Nucleus of Roller. II. Subthreshold and Firing Resonance Properties." Journal of Neurophysiology 105, no. 1 (January 2011): 249–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00492.2010.

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In the companion paper we show that GAD67-GFP+ (GFP+) inhibitory neurons located in the Nucleus of Roller of the mouse brain stem can be classified into two main groups (tonic and phasic) based on their firing patterns in responses to injected depolarizing current steps. In this study we examined the responses of GFP+ cells to fluctuating sinusoidal (“chirp”) current stimuli. Membrane impedance profiles in response to chirp stimulation showed that nearly all phasic cells exhibited subthreshold resonance, whereas the majority of tonic GFP+ cells were nonresonant. In general, subthreshold resonance was associated with a relatively fast passive membrane time constant and low input resistance. In response to suprathreshold chirp current stimulation at a holding potential just below spike threshold the majority of tonic GFP+ cells fired multiple action potentials per cycle at low input frequencies (<5 Hz) and either stopped firing or were not entrained by the chirp at higher input frequencies (= tonic low-pass cells). A smaller group of phasic GFP+ cells did not fire at low input frequency but were able to phase-lock 1:1 at intermediate chirp frequencies (= band-pass cells). Spike timing reliability was tested with repeated chirp stimuli and our results show that phasic cells were able to reliably fire when they phase-locked 1:1 over a relatively broad range of input frequencies. Most tonic low-pass cells showed low reliability and poor phase-locking ability. Computer modeling suggested that these different firing resonance properties among GFP+ cells are due to differences in passive and active membrane properties and spiking mechanisms. This heterogeneity of resonance properties might serve to selectively activate subgroups of interneurons.
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Tang, Qing, and Guanshen Zhang. "Chirp encoded joint transform correlators with input scale search." Optics Communications 107, no. 1-2 (April 1994): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(94)90097-3.

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Tan, See Ling, Yu-Fu Chen, Chieh-Yu Liu, Kuo-Chung Chu, and Pei-Chun Li. "Shortened neural conduction time in young adults with tinnitus as revealed by chirp-evoked auditory brainstem response." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 4 (April 2023): 2178–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0017789.

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Анотація:
Tinnitus is generally considered to be caused by neuroplastic changes in the central nervous system, triggered by a loss of input from the damaged peripheral system; however, conflicting results on auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) to clicks have been reported previously in humans with tinnitus. This study aimed to compare the effect of tinnitus on ABRs to chirps with those to clicks in normal-hearing young adults with tinnitus. The results showed that the tinnitus group had no significantly poorer hearing thresholds (0.25–16 kHz), click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (1–16 kHz), and speech perception in noise (SPIN) than the control group. Although chirps evoked significantly larger wave I and V amplitudes than clicks, people with tinnitus had no significantly smaller wave I amplitudes for either stimulus. Nevertheless, adults with tinnitus exhibited significantly smaller interpeak interval (IPI) between waves I and V for chirps (IPI–chirp) but not for clicks. In addition, the IPI–chirp correlated significantly with the SPIN for individuals with tinnitus when the signal-to-noise ratio was low. The present results suggest that the chirp-evoked ABR may be a valuable clinical tool for objectively assessing the SPIN in individuals with tinnitus. Further studies should be conducted to investigate possible etiologies of tinnitus.
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Munaweera, P. C. T., and K. A. I. L. Wijewardena Gamalath. "Simulation of Pulse Propagation in Optical Fibers." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 64 (February 2016): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.64.159.

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A theoretical model was developed for light pulses propagating in optical fibers by considering the nonlinear effects, the self-phase modulation and group velocity dispersion effects. The split step Fourier method was used to generate soliton pulses in a fiber composed of a glass core surrounded by a cladding layer. Gaussian and hyperbolic secant input pulses were used for the simulation. By varying the initial chirp, input power and nonlinear coefficient for an input Gaussian pulse at wavelength of λ =1.55μm with initial pulse width 125ps for second order dispersion β2=−20 ps2km-1, nonlinear parameter γ=3W-1kg-1and initial chirp C=−0.25 two near soliton pulses were generated for input powers P = 0.54mW and P = 0.64mW and a perfect soliton for the hyperbolic secant input pulse.
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8

Munaweera, P. C. T., and K. A. I. L. Wijewardena Gamalath. "Simulation of Pulse Propagation in Optical Fibers." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 64 (February 15, 2016): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-qb35f6.

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Анотація:
A theoretical model was developed for light pulses propagating in optical fibers by considering the nonlinear effects, the self-phase modulation and group velocity dispersion effects. The split step Fourier method was used to generate soliton pulses in a fiber composed of a glass core surrounded by a cladding layer. Gaussian and hyperbolic secant input pulses were used for the simulation. By varying the initial chirp, input power and nonlinear coefficient for an input Gaussian pulse at wavelength of λ =1.55μm with initial pulse width 125ps for second order dispersion β2=−20 ps2 km-1 , nonlinear parameter γ=3W-1kg-1 and initial chirp C=−0.25 two near soliton pulses were generated for input powers P = 0.54mW and P = 0.64mW and a perfect soliton for the hyperbolic secant input pulse.
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9

Zupanc, Günther K. H., and Leonard Maler. "Evoked chirping in the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus: a quantitative biophysical analysis." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 11 (November 1, 1993): 2301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-323.

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Apteronotus leptorhynchus, a gymnotiform fish, produces highly regular electric organ discharges of 600–1000 Hz. Short-term modulations of the electric organ discharge ("chirps") were elicited by imitating the discharges of neighboring fish. Chirps displayed an increase in frequency of approximately 100 Hz, a duration of about 15 ms, and an absolute amplitude of 0.5–2 mV. Since, similar to natural conditions, chirps summated with the beat caused by interference of the fish's own electric organ discharge and the imitating discharge, the size and shape of the chirp's amplitude envelope varied greatly according to its phase relative to the beat cycle; however, the frequency of the chirp amplitude modulation was always 50–100 Hz. All 21 males examined chirped, but their rate of chirping varied considerably (range 2–59 chirps/30 s; mean 22 chirps/30 s). In contrast, only one out of nine females chirped (mean 0.25 chirps/30 s). The latency between stimulus onset and first chirp was variable and often long (range 1.0–25.0 s; median 3.3 s). We propose that chirps are not a sensory reflex but a communicatory behavior regulated by hypothalamic peptidergic input.
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Don, Manuel, Claus Elberling, and Erin Maloff. "Input and Output Compensation for the Cochlear Traveling Wave Delay in Wide-Band ABR Recordings: Implications for Small Acoustic Tumor Detection." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 20, no. 02 (February 2009): 099–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.20.2.3.

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Анотація:
Background: The Stacked ABR (auditory brainstem response) attempts at the output of the auditory periphery to compensate for the temporal dispersion of neural activation caused by the cochlear traveling wave in response to click stimulation. Compensation can also be made at the input by using a chirp stimulus. It has been demonstrated that the Stacked ABR is sensitive to small tumors that are often missed by standard ABR latency measures. Purpose: Because a chirp stimulus requires only a single data acquisition run whereas the Stacked ABR requires six, we try to evaluate some indirect evidence justifying the use of a chirp for small tumor detection. Research Design: We compared the sensitivity and specificity of different Stacked ABRs formed by aligning the derived-band ABRs according to (1) the individual's peak latencies, (2) the group mean latencies, and (3) the modeled latencies used to develop a chirp. Results: For tumor detection with a chosen sensitivity of 95%, a relatively high specificity of 85% may be achieved with a chirp. Conclusion: It appears worthwhile to explore the actual use of a chirp because significantly shorter test and analysis times might be possible.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "CHIRP INPUT"

1

Hadi, Muhammad Usman. "Digital predistortion for compensation of nonlinearities in Radio over Fiber Links." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.

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Анотація:
In order to cope up with the ever increasing demand for larger transmission bandwidth, Radio over Fiber technology is a very beneficial solution. These systems are expected to play a major role within future fifth generation wireless networks due to their inherent capillary distribution properties. Nonlinear compensation techniques are becoming increasingly important to improve the performance of telecommunication channels by compensating for channel nonlinearities. Indeed, significant bounds on the technology usability and performance degradation occur due to nonlinear characteristics of optical transmitter, nonlinear generation of spurious frequencies, which, in the case of RoF links exploiting Directly Modulated Lasers , has the combined effect of laser chirp and optical fiber dispersion among its prevailing causes. The purpose of the research is to analyze some of the main causes of harmonic and intermodulation distortion present in Radio over Fiber (RoF) links, and to suggest a solution to reduce their effects, through a digital predistortion technique. Predistortion is an effective and interesting solution to linearize and this allows to demonstrate that the laser’s chirp and the optical fiber’s dispersion are the main causes which generate harmonic distortion. The improvements illustrated are only theoretical, based on a feasibility point of view. The simulations performed lead to significant improvements for short and long distances of radio over fiber link lengths. The algorithm utilized for simulation has been implemented on MATLAB. The effects of chirp and fiber nonlinearity in a directly modulated fiber transmission system are investigated by simulation, and a cost effective and rather simple technique for compensating these effects is discussed. A detailed description of its functional model is given, and its attractive features both in terms of quality improvement of the received signal, and cost effectiveness of the system are illustrated.
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2

Linke, Kevin Robert. "An on-chip input driver for a high-voltage SAR ADC." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91837.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 49).
This thesis describes the design of a novel on-chip input driver for a SAR ADC. The driver achieves performance gains relative to off-chip alternatives by being integrated into the signal path of the ADC between the sampling switches and sampling capacitor. This placement allows for auto-zeroing the offset of the driver and reducing flicker noise. Additional performance benefits are possible because the driver can be optimized for the specific load and timings of the ADC. The most important benefit of an on-chip input driver is that it simplifies the design process for the ADC user by eliminating the external op-amp and reducing the constraints on the external filter by reducing input current load. Design simplicity is especially important to users in high-voltage SAR ADC applications, so the input driver is designed for an ADC with a +/- 10.24 V input range and +/- 15 V supply rails. This high-voltage input relaxes noise and headroom constraints, but makes device overvoltage a significant concern. The driver is designed in a BiCMOS process, and simulation results with a computer-modeled ADC are presented here. In these simulations, the driver achieves a THD of -124.7 dB at 2 kHz and a noise voltage spectral density of 5.5 nV / [square root of] Hz with a power consumption of 27.6 mW. The LT1469, an example of a state-of-the-art external input driver, has a THD of -123 dB at 2 kHz, a noise voltage spectral density of 5 nV / [square root of] Hz, and a power consumption of 123 mW.
by Kevin Robert Linke.
M. Eng.
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3

Zhu, Yan. "Microfluidic Technology for Low-Input Epigenomic Analysis." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83402.

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Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, play important roles in gene expression and regulation, and are highly involved in cellular processes such as stem cell pluripotency/differentiation and tumorigenesis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is the technique of choice for examining in vivo DNA-protein interactions and has been a great tool for studying epigenetic mechanisms. However, conventional ChIP assays require millions of cells for tests and are not practical for examination of samples from lab animals and patients. Automated microfluidic chips offer the advantage to handle small sample sizes and facilitate rapid reaction. They also eliminate cumbersome manual handling. In this report, I will talk about three different projects that utilized microfluidic immunoprecipitation followed by next genereation sequencing technologies to enable low input and high through epigenomics profiling. First, I examined RNA polymerase II transcriptional regulation with microfluidic chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by next generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) assays. Second, I probed the temporal dynamics in the DNA methylome during cancer development using a transgenic mouse model with microfluidic methylated DNA immunoprecipitation followed by next generation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) assays. Third, I explored negative enrichment of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) followed by microfluidic ChIP-seq technology for studying temporal dynamic histone modification (H3K4me3) of patient-derived tumor xenograft on an immunodeficient mouse model during the course of cancer metastasis. In the first study, I adapted microfluidic ChIP-seq devices to achieve ultrahigh sensitivity to study Pol2 transcriptional regulation from scarce cell samples. I dramatically increased the assay sensitivity to an unprecedented level (~50 K cells for pol2 ChIP-seq). Importantly, this is three orders of magnitude more sensitive than the prevailing pol2 ChIP-seq assays. I showed that MNase digestion provided better ChIP-seq signal than sonication, and two-steps fixation with MNase digestion provided the best ChIP-seq quality followed by one-step fixation with MNase digestion, and lastly, no fixation with MNase digestion. In the second study, I probed dynamic epigenomic changes during tumorigenesis using mice often require profiling epigenomes using a tiny quantity of tissue samples. Conventional epigenomic tests do not support such analysis due to the large amount of materials required by these assays. In this study, I developed an ultrasensitive microfluidics-based methylated DNA immunoprecipitation followed by next-generation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) technology for profiling methylomes using as little as 0.5 ng DNA (or ~100 cells) with 1.5 h on-chip process for immunoprecipitation. This technology enabled me to examine genome-wide DNA methylation in a C3(1)/SV40 T-antigen transgenic mouse model during different stages of mammary cancer development. Using this data, I identified differentially methylated regions and their associated genes in different periods of cancer development. Interestingly, the results showed that methylomic features are dynamic and change with tumor developmental stage. In the last study, I developed a negative enrichment of CTCs followed by ultrasensitive microfluidic ChIP-seq technology for profiling histone modification (H3K4Me3) of CTCs to resolve the technical challenges associated with CTC isolation and difficulties related with tools for profiling whole genome histone modification on tiny cell samples.
Ph. D.
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4

Fan, Su Yan. "Wide-input-range supply voltage tolerant capacitive sensor readout using on-chip solar cell." Thesis, University of Macau, 2015. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3335734.

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Burrow, Ryan David. "Enhancing Input/Output Correctness, Protection, Performance, and Scalability for Process Control Platforms." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89903.

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Анотація:
Most modern control systems use digital controllers to ensure safe operation. We modify the traditional digital control system architecture to integrate a new component known as a trusted input/output processor (TIOP). TIOP interface to the inputs (sensors) and outputs (actuators) of the system through existing communication protocols. The TIOP also interface to the application processor (AP) through a simple message passing protocol. This removes any direct input/output (I/O) interaction from taking place in the AP. By isolating this interaction from the AP, system resilience against malware is increased by enabling the ability to insert run-time monitors to ensure correct operation within provided safe limits. These run-time monitors can be located in either the TIOP(s) or in independent hardware. Furthermore, monitors have the ability to override commands from the AP should those commands seek to violate the safety requirements of the system. By isolating I/O interaction, formal methods can be applied to verify TIOP functionality, ensuring correct adherence to the rules of operation. Additionally, removing sequential I/O interaction in the AP allows multiple I/O operations to run concurrently. This reduces I/O latency which is desirable in many control systems with large numbers of sensors and actuators. Finally, by utilizing a hierarchical arrangement of TIOP, scalable growth is efficiently supported. We demonstrate this on a Xilinx Zynq-7000 programmable system-on-chip device.
Master of Science
Complex modern systems, from unmanned aircraft system to industrial plants are almost always controlled digitally. These digital control systems (DCSes) need to be verified for correctness since failures can have disastrous consequences. However, proving that a DCS will always act correctly can be infeasible if the system is too complex. In addition, with the growth of inter-connectivity of systems through the internet, malicious actors have more access than ever to attempt to cause these systems to deviate from their proper operation. This thesis seeks to solve these problems by introducing a new architecture for DCSes that uses isolated components that can be verified for correctness. In addition, safety monitors are implemented as a part of the architecture to prevent unsafe operation.
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6

Wilson, James Edward. "Design techniques for first pass silicon in SOC radio transceivers." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180555088.

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7

Zvěřina, Martin. "Výpočtová simulace procesu třískového obrábění." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229040.

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This Master’s thesis process list of different finite element programs, which allows us to simulate process of material separation. We estimated their advantages and disadvantages in the end. In program ANSYS Ls-Dyna was created 3D model, in which we simulate process of orthogonal splinter machining and we study dependence of changes different input parameters (tool geometry, depth of cut, cutting speed) on the chip form and forces rate between tool and workpiece.
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8

Yoo, Sungjong. "Electromagnetic Modeling of Multi-Dimensional Scale Problems: Nanoscale Solar Materials, RF Electronics, Wearable Antennas." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/333484.

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The use of full wave electromagnetic modeling and simulation tools allows for accurate performance predictions of unique RF structures that exhibit multi-dimensional scales. Full wave simulation tools need to cover the broad range of frequency including RF and terahertz bands that is focused as RF technology is developed. In this dissertation, three structures with multi-dimensional scales and different operating frequency ranges are modeled and simulated. The first structure involves nanostructured solar cells. The silicon solar cell design is interesting research to cover terahertz frequency range in terms of the economic and environmental aspects. Two unique solar cell surfaces, nanowire and branched nanowire are modeled and simulated. The surface of nanowire is modeled with two full wave simulators and the results are well-matched to the reference results. This dissertation compares and contrasts the simulators and their suitability for extensive simulation studies. Nanostructured Si cells have large and small dimensional scales and the material characteristics of Si change rapidly over the solar spectrum. The second structure is a reconfigurable four element antenna array antenna operating at 60 GHz for wireless communications between computing cores in high performance computing systems. The array is reconfigurable, provides improved transmission gain between cores, and can be used to create a more failure resilient computing system. The on-chip antenna array involves modeling the design of a specially designed ground plane that acts as an artificial magnetic conductor. The work involves modeling antennas in a complex computing environment. The third structure is a unique collar integrated zig-zag antenna that operates at 154.5 MHz for use as a ground link in a GPS based location system for wildlife tracking. In this problem, an intricate antenna is modeled in the proximity of an animal. Besides placing a low frequency antenna in a constricted area (the collar), the antenna performance near the large animal body must also be considered. Each of these applications requires special modeling details to take into account the various dimensional scales of the structures and interaction with complex media. An analysis of the challenges and limits of each specific problem will be presented.
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9

MANDAVIA, DHAIVAT. "SLIDING MODE OBSERVERS FOR OBSERVING THE DYNAMICS OF NUCLEAR REACTOR SYSTEMS." Thesis, 2016. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/14612.

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ABSTRACT The behaviour of the control system under parameter uncertainties is of utmost importance in industrial applications. For designing a robust control system, a necessary effort has to be carried out for achieving desirable control characteristics irrespective of the operating conditions. With the shortcomings in the design of a conventional controller, a theory with proper mathematical background is of imminent need for a control designer. The application of a high speed switching with a suitable switching logic provides attractive feature of possessing a new property which is not present in the substructures. This fundamental idea developed into Variable Structure theory. Having derived from variable structure, sliding mode control is the operational tool of variable structure control. The design of sliding surface is important for control of the system during sliding mode. The distinguishing feature of sliding mode is the independence of the system against model dynamics which testifies the robustness with respect to parametric uncertainties, bounded disturbances and noise. Numerous applications of sliding mode in controller design is already proposed. The requirement of all states of the system for effective control was an inherent drawback with respect to practical system. Estimation of non-measurable states using the input and information of any measurable state is the fundamental idea of an observer. Luenberger observer for estimation of states is not robust to handle parametric variations and nonlinearities present in the system. Hence, the fundamental idea of sliding mode for observer design is used. This thesis describes the general framework for the design of sliding mode observer with focus on nuclear reactor system. Point Reactor Kinetics (PRK) model which is derived from the neutron diffusion equation is the model to be considered. With only nuclear reactor power as a measurable quantity, the delayed neutron precursor concentration, reactivity, external neutron source, xenon and iodine concentration is estimated. Out of large number of applications of sliding mode, fault detection in a nuclear and non-nuclear component with actuator and sensor faults is carried out. Residual evaluation is carried out using sliding mode observer while validating the residual signal at different instances where fault occurs. The inherent drawback of chattering due to formulation of first order sliding mode is minimized by using smooth functions. This method would forgo the fundamental idea of robustness of sliding mode. An attempt is made to present the application of higher order sliding mode which minimizes or sometimes eliminates chattering without compromising the robustness. The state estimation of a nuclear reactor system using Super Twisting algorithm is in good agreement with simulated state from PRK model. The independence of states with respect to initial conditions along with faster convergence time is achieved by the application of uniform second order sliding mode algorithm validated using the PRK model.
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10

Peng, Chih-Yang, and 彭志洋. "Block and Input/Ouput Buffer Placement in Flip-Chip Design." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61649670636516290542.

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Анотація:
碩士
國立臺灣大學
電子工程學研究所
91
The flip-chip package gives the highest chip density of any packaging method to support the pad-limited ASIC design. One of the most important characteristics of flip chip designs is that the input/output buffers could be placed anywhere inside a chip. For most practical designs, we have to control the timing of the input/output signals. This can be achieved through controlling the positions of bump balls, input/output buffers, and first stage/last-stage cells in a flip chip. Specifically, we intend to minimize the path length between blocks and bump balls as well as the delay skew of the paths. In this thesis, we propose a hierarchical top-down method for the block and input/output buffer placement in flip-chip design. We first cluster a block and its corresponding buffers to reduce the problem size. Then, we go into iterations of the following two steps: the alternating and interacting global optimization step and the partitioning step. The global optimization step places modules based on simulated annealing using the B*-tree representation to minimize a given cost function. The partitioning step dissects the chip into two subregions, and the modules are divided into two groups according to their coordinates and are placed in respective subregions. The two steps repeat until each subregion contains at most a given number of modules, defined by the ratio of the total module area to the chip area. At last, we refine the placement by perturbing modules inside a subregion as well as in different subregions. Compared with the placement using the B*-tree alone, our method obtains significantly better results, with an average cost of only 48.4\% of that obtained by using the B*-tree alone.
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Книги з теми "CHIRP INPUT"

1

Nicopoulos, Chrysostomos. Network-on-Chip Architectures: A Holistic Design Exploration. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009.

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2

Elizabeth, Theibert, ed. Potato chip economics: Everything you need to know about business clearly and concisely explained. Lanham: John Hunt Publishing, 2013.

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Keating, Michael. Simple art of SoC design: Closing the gap between RTL and ESL. New York: Springer, 2011.

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4

Chen, Sao-Jie. Hardware Software Co-Design of a Multimedia SOC Platform. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009.

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5

Embedded SoPC design with Altera NiosII processor and VHDL examples. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2011.

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6

Chi-Ying, Tsui, Reis Ricardo, Choy Oliver C. S, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. VLSI-SoC: Advanced Research for Systems on Chip: 19th IFIP WG 10.5/IEEE International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration, VLSI-SoC 2011, Hong Kong, China, October 3-5, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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7

Zhou, Clarence. LIN System Basis Chip Including LIN Transceiver, Voltage Regulator and Wake-Input. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2018.

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Wolters-Broder, Lisa. ATA663232/55 LIN System Basis Chip Including LIN Transceiver, Voltage Regulator and Wake-Input. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2017.

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9

Das, Chita R., Springer, Chrysostomos Nicopoulos, and Vijaykrishnan Narayanan. Network-on-Chip Architectures: A Holistic Design Exploration. Springer Netherlands, 2012.

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10

Reis, Ricardo, Ian O'Connor, Sergei Kostin, Thomas Hollstein, Jaan Raik, and Anton Tšertov. VLSI-SoC : System-on-Chip in the Nanoscale Era – Design, Verification and Reliability: 24th IFIP WG 10.5/IEEE International Conference on Very Large ... and Communication Technology ). Springer, 2017.

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Частини книг з теми "CHIRP INPUT"

1

Deng, Ke, Qinye Yin, Yiwen Zhang, and Ming Luo. "Chip-by-Chip Iterative Multiuser Detection for VBLAST Coded Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Systems." In Networking - ICN 2005, 26–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31957-3_4.

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2

Wang, Xinyu, Zhigang Yu, and Huazhen Xu. "A Simple and Efficient Input Selection Function for Networks-on-Chip." In Distributed Computing and Networking, 525–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25959-3_39.

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3

Xiong, Guoqiang, Yue Cao, Jun Chen, and Beixi Kong. "Screening Method of Chip-Dependent Industries Based on Input-Output Theory." In Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management, 275–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79203-9_21.

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4

Seyd-Darwish, I., P. Chavel, J. Taboury, F. Devos, T. Maurin, and R. Reynaud. "Optical Input and Output Functions for a Cellular Automaton on a Silicon Chip." In Optical Information Technology, 143–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78140-7_17.

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5

Wang, Xinyu, Zhigang Yu, and Huazhen Xu. "Improving Routing Efficiency for Networks-on-Chip through an Efficient Input Selection Strategy." In Future Control and Automation, 445–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31006-5_52.

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6

Muroyama, Masanori, Tohru Ishihara, and Hiroto Yasuura. "Analysis of Effects of Input Arrival Time Variations on On-Chip Bus Power Consumption." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 62–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-95948-9_7.

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7

Nejad, Ebrahim Behrouzian, Ahmad Khademzadeh, Kambiz Badie, Amir Masoud Rahmani, Mohammad Behrouzian Nejad, and Ahmad Zadeali. "ICAIS: Improved Contention Aware Input Selection Technique to increase routing efficiency for Network-On-Chip." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 289–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21697-8_37.

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8

Brahma, Sandipan, and Steven Henikoff. "CUT&RUN Profiling of the Budding Yeast Epigenome." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 129–47. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2257-5_9.

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AbstractMapping the epigenome is key to describe the relationship between chromatin landscapes and the control of DNA-based cellular processes such as transcription. Cleavage under targets and release using nuclease (CUT&RUN) is an in situ chromatin profiling strategy in which controlled cleavage by antibody-targeted Micrococcal Nuclease solubilizes specific protein-DNA complexes for paired-end DNA sequencing. When applied to budding yeast, CUT&RUN profiling yields precise genome-wide maps of histone modifications, histone variants, transcription factors, and ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers, while avoiding cross-linking and solubilization issues associated with the most commonly used chromatin profiling technique Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Furthermore, targeted chromatin complexes cleanly released by CUT&RUN can be used as input for a subsequent native immunoprecipitation step (CUT&RUN.ChIP) to simultaneously map two epitopes in single molecules genome-wide. The intrinsically low background and high resolution of CUT&RUN and CUT&RUN.ChIP allows for identification of transient genomic features such as dynamic nucleosome-remodeling intermediates. Starting from cells, one can perform CUT&RUN or CUT&RUN.ChIP and obtain purified DNA for sequencing library preparation in 2 days.
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9

Cruz, J. M., and L. O. Chua. "A 16 x 16 Cellular Neural Network Universal Chip: The First Complete Single-Chip Dynamic Computer Array with Distributed Memory and with Gray-Scale Input-Output." In Cellular Neural Networks and Analog VLSI, 3–13. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4730-0_1.

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10

Uma, R., H. Sarojadevi, and V. Sanju. "Routing of Flits in Parallel Input Interface Scenario in a Generalized Network-On-Chip Framework Using Wormhole Flow Control Algorithm." In Emerging Research in Computing, Information, Communication and Applications, 679–93. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1342-5_52.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "CHIRP INPUT"

1

Sun, Zuwen, and Natalie Baddour. "The Effect of Pulse Compression Chirp Parameters on Profilometry Information and Resolution." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85613.

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Recent developments in imaging systems have seen the implementation of a radar matched-filtering approach. The goal of the imaging system is to obtain information about an unknown object embedded in the system, by controlling the parameters of the input and measuring the response to the known input. The main merit of using matched filtering in imaging systems is the improvement of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). However, the correlation process used in matched filtering may result in a loss of resolution. One way to compensate for lost resolution is via pulse compression. Linear frequency modulated sinusoidal waveforms (chirps) have the property of pulse compression after correlation. Hence, both SNR and resolution can be enhanced by matched-filtering and pulse compression with a chirp. However, the theory behind the effect of chirp parameters on resolution is still not clear. In this paper, a one-dimensional theory of matched-filter imaging with a pulse compressed linear frequency modulated sinusoidal chirp is developed. The effect of the chirp parameters on the corresponding signal is investigated, and guidelines for choosing the chirp parameters for resolution considerations are given based on the developed theory and simulations. The results showed that by manipulating the center frequency, bandwidth, and duration of the chirp, the resolution can be easily enhanced.
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2

Reddy, Bhattagiri Lekhan, Kunta Prasanth Kumar, Akula Shanmukha Naga Veera Sai, K. Anuraj, and S. S. Poorna. "Comparative Study of Convergence of Optimization Algorithms with Chirp Signal Input." In 2021 7th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaccs51430.2021.9442023.

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3

Islam, M. N., C. F. Soccolich, and C. J. Chen. "All-optical time domain chirp switches." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.wm2.

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We demonstrate the first all-optical sequential circuit by looping the output from a soliton dragging logic gate1 back to its input. Previously we demonstrated an ultrafast soliton dragging NOR-gate with logic level restoration at the output, fan-out of six, and switching energy of 5.8 pJ. To prove the cascadability and fan-out of the logic gate, we implement a ring oscillator by connecting the NOR-gate as an inverter and adding a feedback loop. The logic gate consists of a 325 m long biréfringent optical fiber surrounded by two polarizing beam splitters. The fiber is carefully laid in a 1 m diameter track and enclosed in an insulating box for thermal stability. A passively mode-locked color center laser supplies the clock pulses (τ = 500 fs, λ = 1.685µm, 54-pJ energy in the fiber) that are coupled along the fast axis of the fiber. We place a 50:50 beam splitter at the output and send half of the output through a delay line and half wave plate to the orthogonally polarized input. The other half of the output is combined with a reference pulse and sent to a cross-correlator. With the feedback blocked the output is a string of l's. When the feedback is added, the output becomes an alternating train of l's and 0's whose period is twice the fiber latency (1.75µs). More complicated functionalities are possible by encoding the clock pulses at the input and decoding at the output.
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4

Grycewicz, Thomas J., and Bahram Javidi. "Experimental demonstration of a chirp-modulated joint transfrom correlator using separate input SLMs." In SPIE's 1995 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Bahram Javidi and Joseph L. Horner. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.217646.

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5

KATO, Hiroki, and Akihiro MARUTA. "Power and Chirp Tolerances of Input Pulse for Dispersion Managed Soliton Transmission System." In Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oaa.1999.thd8.

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6

Tang, Qing, and Bahram Javidi. "Multiple-objects recognition by using chirp- encoded nonlinear joint-transform correlators." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1993.wr.3.

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7

Milián, C., A. Jarnac, Y. Brelet, V. Jukna, A. Houard, A. Mysyrowicz, and A. Couairon. "Nonlinear energy deposition in water from fs-laser pulses: effect of the input chirp." In SPIE Photonics Europe, edited by Benjamin J. Eggleton, Alexander L. Gaeta, Neil G. R. Broderick, Alexander V. Sergienko, Arno Rauschenbeutel, and Thomas Durt. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2051676.

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8

Zachinyaev, Yuriy, and Konstantin Rumyantsev. "The optimal input optical pulse shape for the self-phase modulation based chirp generator." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS, MATERIALS AND APPLIED SCIENCE. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5032043.

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9

Hansen, P. B., S. L. Danielsen, C. Joergensen, K. E. Stubkjaer, M. Schilling, K. Wünstel, W. Idler, P. Doussiere, and F. Pommerau. "All optical wavelength conversion schemes for increased input power dynamic range." In Photonics in Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ps.1997.pthd3.

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Optical wavelength converters will provide both flexibility and efficiency to future WDM networks due to the ability to allocate wavelengths on a link-to-link basis which in turn relaxes requirements to management and wavelength precision [1]. This has lead to a considerable attention to wavelength converters. Although different converters have been proposed the most promising seems to be the interferometric wavelength converters that use semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) in interferometric structures such as Michelson (MI) and Mach-Zehnder (MZI) configurations [2]. These converters can be operated at high speed [3], they have low chirp [4,5] as well as regenerative capabilities [6] and are wavelength independent [5].
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10

Angarita, John, Daniel Doyle, Gustavo Gargioni, and Jonathan Black. "Input Excitation Analysis for Black-Box Quadrotor Model System Identification." In ASME 2020 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2020-3159.

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Abstract System identification provides a process to develop different dynamic models of varying structures based on user-defined requirements. For a quadrotor, system identification has been primarily in the field of off-white and grey-box models, but black-box models have the advantage of incorporating nonlinear aero-dynamic effects while also maintaining performance. For the identification, both a chirp and Hebert-Mackin parameter identification method waveform are used as inputs to maximize excitation while minimizing nonlinear responses. The quadrotor structure is defined by the an autoregressive with exogenous input (ARX) model, an autoregressive-moving-average (ARMAX) model, and a Box-Jenkins (BJ) models and then identified with the prediction error method. The black-box method shows that it maintains identification performance while improving upon the flexibility of different cases and ease of implementation.
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Звіти організацій з теми "CHIRP INPUT"

1

Thompson, Marshall, and Ramez Hajj. Flexible Pavement Recycling Techniques: A Summary of Activities. Illinois Center for Transportation, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-022.

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Cold in-place recycling (CIR) involves the recycling of the asphalt portions (including hot-mix asphalt and chip, slurry, and cape seals, as well as others) of a flexible or composite pavement with asphalt emulsion or foamed asphalt as the binding agent. Full-depth reclamation (FDR) includes the recycling of the entire depth of the pavement and, in some cases, a portion of the subgrade with asphalt, cement, or lime products as binding agents. Both processes are extensively utilized in Illinois. This project reviewed CIR and FDR projects identified by the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) from the Transportation Bulletin and provided comments on pavement designs and special provisions. The researchers evaluated the performance of existing CIR/FDR projects through pavement condition surveys and analysis of falling weight deflectometer data collected by IDOT. They also reviewed CIR/FDR literature and updated/modified (as appropriate) previously provided inputs concerning mix design, testing procedures, thickness design, construction, and performance as well as cold central plant recycling (CCPR) literature related to design and construction. The team monitored the performance of test sections at the National Center for Asphalt Technology and Virginia Department of Transportation. The researchers assisted IDOT in the development of a CCPR special provision as well as responded to IDOT inquiries and questions concerning issues related to CIR, FDR, and CCPR. They attended meetings of IDOT’s FDR with the Cement Working Group and provided input in the development of a special provision for FDR with cement. The project’s activities confirmed that CIR, FDR, and CCPR techniques are successfully utilized in Illinois. Recommendations for improving the above-discussed techniques are provided.
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