Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Chimie des actinides"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Chimie des actinides"
Guillaumont, R. "Colloque franco-russe Chimie des actinides et des produits de fission dans le cycle du combustible nucléaire." Comptes Rendus Chimie 7, no. 12 (December 2004): 1127–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2004.09.001.
Повний текст джерелаSteinegger, Patrick, and Robert Eichler. "Radiochemical Research with Transactinide Elements in Switzerland." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 74, no. 12 (December 23, 2020): 924–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2020.924.
Повний текст джерелаVERCOUTER, Thomas. "Chimie des actinides - Complexes et solides en milieux aqueux." Génie nucléaire, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51257/a-v2-bn3520.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Chimie des actinides"
Riglet, Chantal. "Chimie du neptunium et autres actinides en milieu carbonate." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066423.
Повний текст джерелаRiglet, Chantal. "Chimie du neptunium et autres actinides en milieu carbonaté /." Saclay : Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35280084x.
Повний текст джерелаAutillo, Matthieu. "Etude du paramagnétisme des actinides en solution." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS289.
Повний текст джерелаThe physiochemical properties of actinide (An) solutions are still difficult to explain, particularly the behavioral differences between An(III) and Ln(III). The study of actinide paramagnetic behavior may be a “simple” method to analyze the electronic properties of actinide elements and to obtain information on the ligand-actinide interaction. The objective of this PhD thesis is to understand the paramagnetic properties of these elements by magnetic susceptibility measurements and chemical shift studies.Studies on actinide electronic properties at various oxidation states in solution were carried out by magnetic susceptibility measurements in solution according to the Evans method. Unlike Ln(III) elements, there is no specific theory describing the magnetic properties of these ions in solution. To obtain accurate data, the influence of experimental measurement technique and radioactivity of these elements was analyzed. Then, to describe the electronic structure of their low-energy states, the experimental results were complemented with quantum chemical calculations from which the influence of the ligand field was studied. Finally, these interpretations were applied to better understand the variations in the magnetic properties of actinide cations in chloride and nitrate media.Information about ligand-actinide interactions may be determined from an NMR chemical shift study of actinide complexes. Indeed, modifications induced by a paramagnetic complex can be separated into two components. The first component, a Fermi contact contribution (δc) is related to the degree of covalency in coordination bonds with the actinide ions and the second, a dipolar contribution (δpc) is related to the structure of the complex. The paramagnetic induced shift can be used only if we can isolate these two terms. To achieve this study on actinide elements, we chose to work with the complexes of dipicolinic acid (DPA).Firstly, to characterize the geometrical parameters, a structural study (by monocrystal XRD and EXAFS) was performed on these complexes with the actinide cations at various oxidation states +III, +IV, +V et +VI. Secondly, various methods for separating the two contributions involving NMR spectroscopy were checked with Ln(III) complexes and applied to actinide elements. The paramagnetic induced shift associated with quantum chemical calculations allowed us to characterize the magnetic properties of these cations. Unlike studies on Ln(III) ions, the An(III) and An(IV) paramagnetic induced shifts suggest a major Fermi contact contribution (δc). On the contrary, for actinyle cations, the paramagnetic induced shifts on 1H NMR signals show no Fermi contact contribution (δc). This characteristic, related to the geometry of these ions, allowed for their magnetic properties to be accurately described. An application of these results to the study of complexes with the TEDGA ligand has been performed.It is apparent from this study that the additional information gained on the description of actinide paramagnetic behavior has led to an improved understanding of the physiochemical properties of these ions in solution
Nocton, Grégory. "Chimie de coordination et réactivité redox de l'uranium." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10143.
Повний текст джерелаFerru, Geoffroy. "Spéciation moléculaire et supramoléculaire des systèmes extractants à base de monoamides." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066612.
Повний текст джерелаThe DEHiBA was chosen as extractant for the selective recovery of uranium in the GANEX process first cycle, which aims to realise the grouped extraction of actinides in a second step. The object of this work is to improve the description of monoamide organic phases in alkanes after solutes extraction. A parametric study was undertaken to study singly water, nitric acid and uranyl nitrate extraction at the molecular and supramolecular scale. The study of the organization has allowed identifying three regimes: For extractant concentration less than 0. 5 mol/L, monomeric species are majority, whatever the solute. For extractant concentration between 0. 5 and 1 mol/L, small aggregates are formed: after water and nitric acid extraction, this is essentially dimers. Uranyl nitrate extraction generates bigger objects, containing 2 to 4 molecules of monoamide. For more concentrated phases (more than 1 mol/L), species containing 2 to 4 molecules of monoamides could be formed after water or nitric nitric extraction. Concerning uranyl nitrate extraction, an important and strong organization of the organic phase is observed, which no longer allowing considering the formation of spherical well defined aggregates. From the molecular view, complexes are not sensitive to the organization of the solution: same species are observed, whatever the concentration of uranyl and of extractant in organic phase
Condamines, Nicole. "Contribution à l'étude de l'extraction d'acides minéraux et de cations actinides aux degrés d'oxydation (IV) et (VI) par des N,N-dialkylamides /." Saclay : Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35100410n.
Повний текст джерелаGuérin, Nicolas. "Séparation automatisée des actinides par chromatographie d'extraction." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29464/29464.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMeridiano, Yannick. "Organisation des molécules extractantes de type diamide : lien avec les propriétés extractantes ?" Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112017.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of these studies is to establish a link between the different organizations of diamide extractants (used in the DIAMEX process) and their extracting properties. The effects of the key parameters leading the liquid-liquid extraction (concentration of extractant, nature of solute, activity of the aqueous phase, nature of the diluent and temperature) are studied : 1) at the supramolecular scale, with the characterization of the extractant organizations by vapor-pressure osmometry (VPO) and small angle neutron and X-ray scattering (SANS/SAXS) experiments ; 2) at the molecular scale, with the quantification of the extracted solutes (water, nitric acid, metal nitrate) and the determination of extracted complexes stoichiometries by electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) experiments. The DMDOHEMA molecule acts as a classical surfactant and forms aggregates of the reverse micelle type. Taking into account the established supramolecular diagrams, a quantitative link between the extractants structures and their extracting properties has been brought to light. To model the europium nitrate extraction, two approaches have been developed: - an approach based on mass action laws. Extractions equilibria have been proposed taking into account the supramolecular speciation; - an innovative approach considering the extracted ions as adsorbed on a specific surface of the extractant molecule which depends on the extractant organization state. The ion extraction can be considered as a sum of isotherms corresponding to the different states of organization. This approach allows to compare the extraction efficiency of an extracting molecule as a function of its organization state
Deroche, Arnaud. "Réactivité de l’eau à la surface des oxydes d’actinide. Modifications surfaciques et radiolyse." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS112/document.
Повний текст джерелаActinide oxides are hygroscopic materials. The adsorption of water on their surfaces is likely to cause changes in the nature or condition. In the case of oxides with a high dose rate, the effects of radiolysis of the water causes the decomposition of water and generates hydrogen. These two aspects: surface study and radiolysis of water have been studied here.The study of the generation of dihydrogen by radiolysis of water adsorbed on the surface has shown that this linear generation in the early stages reaches a stable concentration after several hours. This stationary state has been very little observed, and is absent in the case of significant humidity. Conditioning in a dihydrogen-containing atmosphere made it possible to highlight a reaction of consumption of dihydrogen by the material. These experiments led to the emergence of a kinetic model based on two reactions of production and consumption of dihydrogen. The first corresponds to the decomposition of the water under the effect of the radiation, and for the second it is suspected a partial reduction of the surface with the formation of a sub-stoichiometric phase on the surface, however no technique of analysis of surface has not formally highlighted this phase.Inverse gas chromatography is a technique that is not very intrusive with respect to the adsorbed water layers because of the temperatures and pressures involved and the absence of energy deposition. This technique has been used on oxides of thorium and uranium. On thorium oxide, this results in an impact of the calcination temperature, with a maximum of surface energy for calcination at 650 ° C. In addition, it has been shown that the preparation of thorium dioxide can impact the state of its surface. Indeed, it has been observed dehydration of thorium oxalate over time, impacting the structure of the latter. This modification affects the surface of the final oxide by a drop-in surface energy and a change in the distribution of surface adsorption sites. Nevertheless, a chemical treatment of oxalate makes it possible to recover the surface reactivity and a distribution of the adsorption sites. The hydration of the surface shows an increase in surface energy, but this increase is observed only for hydrations of long duration.Keywords: water sorption, radiolysis, plutonium, inverse gas chromatography, thorium, uranium
Siffredi, Gérald. "Renaissance de la chimie de l'ion uranyle (UO2) 2+ en solution non aqueuse." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112284.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with new aspects of the chemistry of the uranyl(VI) ion {UO2}2+ in anhydrous polar organic solvents such as the activation of the reputedly inert U–Oyl bond and the controlled reduction of this species which represent a particularly active field of research that attracts much attention for both its fundamental aspects and applications. Treatment of uranyl(VI) compounds UO2X’2 (X’ = I, OTf, Cl) with Me3SiX (X = Cl, Br, I) reagents, in various anhydrous polar organic solvents, has been first considered. In most cases, reduction into tetravalent species with complete deoxygenation of the uranyl {UO2}2+ ion is observed. The reaction is particularly efficient in acetonitrile where the tetravalent [UX4(MeCN)4] complexes, which are useful precursors in uranium chemistry, are isolated. In the course of these reactions, the influence of the solvent, the nature of X’ and X in the UO2X’2 precursor and the Me3SiX reagent are pointed out. Reaction of the uranyl(VI) UO2X2 (X = I, Cl, OTf, NO3) precursors with the anionic MC5R5 (M = K, R = H, Me ; M = Li, R = Me ; M = Tl, R = H) reagents did not lead to the organometallic [(η5-C5R5)nUO2X2-n] species (n = 1, 2) but to pentavalent uranyl(V) complexes. This method is a facile and rapid route towards the formation of stable pentavalent uranyl which offers promising sources for further U(V) chemical developments and for fundamental and applied interests. Their structure is strongly dependent on the nature of the solvent, the additional ligands X and of the M+ cation. In pyridine, the {UO2(py)5}+ ion appears to be an ubiquitous and a quite stable entity. The coordinating properties of the basic oxo groups, which coordinate easily to M+ ions (M = Li, K, Tl), favour structural diversity with formation of heteropolymetallic complexes such as [{UO2(py)5}{MX(py)2}] (M = Li, X = I), [{UO2(py)5}{MX2(py)2}]∞ (M = K, Tl, X = OTf ; M = K, X = I), [{UO2(py)5}(M2X3)]∞ (M = Li, X = OTf) or [{UO2(py)5}2(M3X5)]∞ (M = K ; X = OTf). With precipitation of insoluble MX salt (TlI in pyridine for example), reactions give mononuclear species like [UO2(py)5][I]. Once again, the results presented here highlight the advantage of handling uranyl(VI) compounds in strictly anhydrous and deoxygenated media and further demonstrate that uranyl chemistry will witness novel developments under such experimental conditions
Частини книг з теми "Chimie des actinides"
"Chapitre 2 : Éléments de chimie de I'uranium et des actinides." In Le cycle du combustible nucléaire, 23–30. EDP Sciences, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0158-9.c002.
Повний текст джерела"Chapitre 12 - Liaisons métal-carbone ioniques et polaires : complexes des métaux alcalins, alcalino-terreux, lanthanides et actinides." In Chimie organométallique et catalyse, 297–320. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1106-9-016.
Повний текст джерела"Chapitre 12 - Liaisons métal-carbone ioniques et polaires : complexes des métaux alcalins, alcalino-terreux, lanthanides et actinides." In Chimie organométallique et catalyse, 297–320. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1106-9.c016.
Повний текст джерела