Дисертації з теми "Childhood allergy"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-45 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Childhood allergy".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Mont, G. C. L. du. "Food allergy in childhood atopic eczema." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376981.
Повний текст джерелаMelén, Erik. "Genetic studies on childhood asthma and allergy - role of interactions /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-686-7/.
Повний текст джерелаPalosuo, Kati. "IgE-mediated allergy to dietary gliadin studies on wheat-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis and childhood wheat allergy." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2003. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/palosuo/.
Повний текст джерелаHua, Tonghuan. "Food allergy management in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) Services: Are services aware of training guidelines for food allergy management?" Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2018. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2141.
Повний текст джерелаDevereux, Graham Stuart. "The in utero environment, neonatal T-helper cell differentiation and the development of childhood atopy." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU534514.
Повний текст джерелаJosefson, Anna. "Nickel allergy and hand eczema : epidemiological aspects." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-11855.
Повний текст джерелаNickelallergi är vanligt förekommande. Prevalensen i Skandinavien är 15--25% hos kvinnor och cirka 3% hos män. Sambandet mellan nickelallergi och uppkomst av handeksem har tidigare diskuterats och i vissa studier anges att 30--45% av alla individer med nickelallergi får handeksem. Det finns dock endast ett fåtal publicerade studier där personer ur normalbefolkningen har lapptestats för nickel. Handeksem ärvanligt och har ofta flera olika kombinerade orsaker. Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen var att studera nickelallergins betydelse för uppkomst av handeksem. Detfinns ett intresse av att följa förekomsten av nickelallergi över tid, speciellt sedan det i början av 2000-talet infördes ett EU-direktiv som begränsar nickelinnehåll i klockor,smycken, metallknappar etc. Ytterligare ett syfte med avhandlingen var att utvärderaepidemiologiska metoder för att följa förekomsten av nickelallergi.Den första studien var en uppföljningsstudie av 908 flickor ur normalbefolkningen,vilka i skolåldern lapptestats med nickel. Tjugo år senare skickades en enkät till dessa kvinnor, svarsfrekvensen var hög (81%). Förekomsten av självrapporterat handeksemefter 15 års ålder var 17.6%. Det förelåg ingen signifikant skillnad i förekomst avhandeksem mellan de kvinnor som var nickelallergiska som barn jämfört med dem som inte var nickelallergiska. År 2006 utfördes ytterligare en studie, som inkluderade de kvinnor som fortfarande bodde i Örebro län. Studien omfattade en klinisk undersökning av händerna samt ett lapptest. 30% av kvinnorna var positiva för nickel.Det förelåg ingen signifikant skillnad i förekomst av handeksem mellan de som var positiva för nickel och de som var negativa. Vid separat analys av de kvinnor som angav tidigare barneksem jämfört med dem som aldrig hade haft barneksem visade det sig att risken för handeksem var dubbelt så stor hos nickelallergiker i den gruppen som aldrig hade haft barneksem. Båda studierna visade att barneksem var den största riskfaktorn för att få handeksem som vuxen, med en 3-4 gånger ökad risk. Den tredje studien var en validering av självrapporterad nickelallergi. Överensstämmelsen var låg mellan enkätfrågor gällande nickelallergi och lapptestverifierad nickelallergi. Av dem som själva bedömde sig vara nickelallergiska var endast 59% positiva enligt lapptest. För att följa förekomsten av nickelallergi i befolkningen behövs därför andra metoder. I den fjärde studien utvärderades ett självtest för nickelallergi. 191 patienter från tre olika hudkliniker i Sverige deltog i studien. Validiteten för metoden självtest var tillfredsställande, sensitiviteten var 72%och graden av överensstämmelse var 86%.
Sjögren, Ylva Margareta. "Early-life gut microbiota and breast milk oligosaccharides in relation to childhood immune maturation and allergy." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Wenner-Grens institut för experimentell biologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-26781.
Повний текст джерелаCheng, Gang. "Duration of Year One Daycare Attendance Predicts Asthma at Age Seven: The Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study (CCAAPS)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397734582.
Повний текст джерелаSaghafian, Hedengren Shanie. "Microbial and maternal influences on allergic sensitization during childhood: defining a role for monocytes." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Wenner-Grens institut, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-27620.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Matthew. "Into the mouths of babes : hyperactivity, food additives and the history of the Feingold diet." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/77633.
Повний текст джерелаHaus, Matthias. "Genetic and environmental influences on cord blood atopic markers and on atopic sensitisation in infancy." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27216.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Andrew M. "Environmental Tobacco Smoke and IL-4 Polymorphism (C-589T) Gene: Environment Interaction Increases Risk of Wheezing in African-American Infants: The Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Polllution Study (CCAAPS)." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1163515177.
Повний текст джерелаSchwarz, Alina [Verfasser]. "IgG to 91 allergenic molecules in early childhood by route of exposure and current and future IgE sensitization : analyses of the Multicentre Allergy Study birth cohort data / Alina Schwarz." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1133492533/34.
Повний текст джерелаCodispoti, Christopher D. "Allergen wheal area during early childhood predicts allergic rhinitis phenotypes at age four." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1338581769.
Повний текст джерелаAbrahamsson, Thomas. "Can Lactobacillus Reuteri Prevent Allergic Disease in Early Childhood?" Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Pediatrik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-20626.
Повний текст джерелаFuertes, Elaine Isabelle. "Childhood allergic rhinitis : the role of the environment and genetics." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50842.
Повний текст джерелаMedicine, Faculty of
Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of
Graduate
Stevens, Paul. "Intrinsic differences of the airway epithelium in childhood allergic asthma." University of Western Australia. School of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0022.
Повний текст джерелаArshad, Syed Hasan. "Allergic disorders in early childhood - prevalence, risk factors and prevention." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239918.
Повний текст джерелаJohansson, Maria A. "Infant gut microbiota, immune responses and allergic disease during childhood." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för molekylär biovetenskap, Wenner-Grens institut, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-108425.
Повний текст джерелаAt the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.
Nanda, Maya M. D. "Association of Allergic Diseases with Internalizing Disorders in Early Childhood." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397735065.
Повний текст джерелаAjrouche, Roula. "Facteurs de risque des leucémies aigues de l’enfant : analyse de l’enquête ESTELLE." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T044.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this study was to investigate whether the following factors: 1) conception by assisted medical procreation (AMP), 2) maternal folic acid supplementation, 3) factors related to early stimulation of the immune system, and 4) the history of allergy were related to the risk of childhood acute leukemia (CL). The data were obtained from the national registry-based case-control study, Estelle, carried out in France in 2010-2011. Population controls were recruited by random digit dialing, with quotas on age and sex. The sample included 636 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 100 cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), and 1421 controls less the 15 years old and frequency matched on age and sex. The data were collected by telephone interview of the mothers, using the same standardized questionnaire for cases and controls. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using unconditional regression models adjusted for age, sex, maternal education, parental socioeconomic status , and potential confounders. We did not observe any increase in CL risk in children who were conceived with difficulty (OR=0,9[0,7-1,2]) or with the use of any fertility treatments (OR=0,8[0,5-1,1]). Preconceptional folic acid supplementation was inversely associated with CL (OR=0,7[0,5-1,0]), without subtype-specificity. Early common infections before 1 year (OR=0,8[0,6-1,0]), attendance to day-care before 1 year (OR=0,7[0,5-1,0]), breastfeeding (OR=0,8[0,7-1,0]) and regular contact with pets in the first year (OR=0,8[0,7-1,0]) were inversely associated with ALL. However, the mode of delivery was not associated with ALL. Finally, reported history of eczema, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, asthma or asthmatic bronchitis treated with anti-histaminic was inversely associated with CL. Our findings do not suggest that fertility treatments are risk factors for CL. They suggest that folic acid supplementation during pregnancy may reduce the risk of CL. They also support the hypothesis that some conditions promoting the maturation of the immune system may decrease the risk of ALL
Banwell, Miles Edwin. "Characterisation of allergen-stimulated. airway-derived T-cells in relation to childhood atopy." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416584.
Повний текст джерелаDzidic, Majda. "Microbiota development and mucosal IgA responses during childhood in health and allergic disease." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/125479.
Повний текст джерела[CAT] Antecedents: S'ha proposat que els patrons de colonització microbiana alterats durant la infància podrien ser en part els responsables de l'augment de malalties al·lèrgiques als països desenvolupats. La microbiota intestinal difereix en composició i diversitat durant els primers mesos de vida en els nens que després van desenvolupar una malaltia al·lèrgica. No obstant això, poc es sap sobre la importància de les respostes immunes de la mucosa a la microbiota intestinal en el desenvolupament d'al·lèrgies infantils. A més, les investigacions amb relació a l'efecte protector de la microbiota de la llet materna en el risc de desenvolupar al·lèrgies no han sigut concloents. Encara que la cavitat bucal és el primer lloc de trobada entre la majoria dels gèneres externs i el sistema immunològic, encara no s'ha descobert la influència dels bacteris en el desenvolupament d'una al·lèrgia durant la infància. Objectius: L'objectiu general d'aquesta tesi va ser avaluar la composició microbiana i la diversitat de mostres orals, fecals i llet materns, juntament amb la seva interacció amb IgA, per estudiar el paper del desenvolupament microbià durant el període de la infància primerenca a la salut i la malaltia al·lèrgica. Subjectes: Les mares i xiquets inclosos en aquest estudi formen part d'un estudi aleatori doble-cec a Suècia, entre el 2001 i el 2003, on es van avaluar els possibles efectes preventius de la suplementació amb Lactobacillus ATCC 55730 fins als 2 i 7 anys. En aquesta tesi, s'utilitzaren mostres de bebès arreplegades longitudinalment, obtinguts a 1 i 12 mesos, 3, 6, 12, 24 mesos i 7 anys, respectivament. A més, s'analitzaren les mostres de llet materna, arreplegades a un mes postpart de les corresponents mares. Mètodes: S'han utilitzat tecnologies de seqüenciació de nova generació dirigides al ARNr 16S, en combinació amb la classificació de les cèl·lules activades, per abordar les respostes de la mucosa cap als bacteris intestinals i de la llet materna. A més, s'utilitzà la seqüenciació d'Illumina MiSeq del gen 16S per descriure la colonització microbiana oral, i es van obtenir mostres longitudinals de saliva de menuts que varen desenvolupar al·lèrgies i d'alguns que es van mantenir saludables. Els nivells de càrrega bacteriana en diferents nínxols microbians s'han obtingut mitjançant la metodologia de qPCR i els nivells totals d'IgA de les mostres fecals es determinaren mitjançant l'immunoassaig ELISA. Resultats i conclusions: La colonització de la cavitat bucal durant la primera infància és transitòria, augmenta la seva complexitat amb el temps, i diversos factors externs influeixen en gran mesura el procés de maduració de la microbiota oral, amb un impacte a curt i llarg termini. Els canvis primerencs en la composició microbiana oral pareixen influir en la maduració del sistema immunològic i el desenvolupament d'al·lèrgies a la infància, així com la presència d'espècies bacterianes específiques pot ser important per a aquest progrés. A més, les respostes d'IgA alterades cap a la microbiota intestinal durant la infància precedeixen a les manifestacions relatives a la malaltia asmàtica i al·lèrgiques durant els primers 7 anys de vida. Per altra banda, el consum de llet materna amb una microbiota de riquesa reduïda al primer mes de vida podria augmentar el risc de desenvolupar al·lèrgia durant la infància. Els resultats observats en aquest estudi haurien de confirmar-se en cohorts humanes més grans i la importància dels factors ambientals post natals que influeixen en el desenvolupament de la microbiota primerenca han de ser més estudiats. Les investigacions futures deuen anar més enllà de la caracterització de la composició de la comunitat bacteriana i investigar els mecanismes funcionals entre els microorganismes colonitzadors primerencs, la maduració del sistema immunològic i el desenvolupament de l'al·lèrgia i l'asma durant la in
[EN] Background: It has been proposed that altered microbial colonization patterns during infancy may be partly responsible for the increase of allergic diseases in developed countries. The gut microbiota differs in composition and diversity during the first months of life in children who later do or do not develop allergic disease. However, little is known about the significance of early mucosal immune responses to the gut microbiota in childhood allergy development, and the findings regarding the protective effect of breastmilk microbiota in the risk of allergy development have been inconclusive. Furthermore, even though the oral cavity is the first site of encounter between a majority of foreign antigens and the immune system, the influence of oral bacteria on allergy development during childhood has not yet been reported. Objectives: The general aim of this thesis was to assess the microbial composition and diversity of oral, fecal and breastmilk samples, together with its interaction with IgA, in order to study the role of microbial development during early childhood in health and allergic disease. Subjects: The infants and mothers included in this study were part of a larger randomized double-blind trial in Sweden, between 2001 and 2003, where potential allergy preventive effects of Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730 were evaluated until 2 and 7 years of age. In this thesis, we used longitudinally collected stool and oral samples from infants, obtained at 1 and 12 months and 3, 6, 12, 24 months and 7 years of age, respectively. Furthermore, we analyzed breastmilk samples, collected at one month post partum, from the corresponding mothers. Methods: Next-generation sequencing technologies targeting the 16S rRNA gene, in combination with cell activated cell sorting, were used in order to address mucosal IgA responses towards gut and breastmilk bacteria. Furthermore, sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used in order to describe oral microbiota colonization, in longitudinally obtained saliva samples, from children developing allergy or staying healthy. Bacterial load levels in different microbial habitats were obtained by qPCR methodology and total IgA levels of stool samples were determined by ELISA immunoassays. Results and conclusion: Colonization of the oral cavity during early childhood is transitional, increasing in complexity with time, and several external factors appear to greatly influence oral microbiota maturation, having either a short or a long-term impact. Early changes in oral microbial composition seem to influence immune maturation and allergy development in childhood, and the presence of specific bacterial species may be important for this progress. Furthermore, altered IgA responses towards the gut microbiota during infancy preceded asthma and allergy manifestations during the first 7 years of life, and consumption of breastmilk with a reduced microbial richness in the first month of life may increase the risk for allergy development during childhood. Findings observed here need to be confirmed in larger cohorts and the importance of postnatal environmental factors for early microbiota development should be addressed further. Future research should go beyond characterization of bacterial community composition and investigate the functional mechanisms between early colonizing microorganisms, immune maturation and allergy and asthma development during childhood.
Dzidic, M. (2019). Microbiota development and mucosal IgA responses during childhood in health and allergic disease [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/125479
TESIS
Böttcher, Malin, Jenny Bjurström, Xiaomei Mai, Lennart Nilsson, and Maria Jenmalm. "Allergen-induced cytokine secretion in atopic and non-atopic asthmatic children." Linköpings universitet, Pediatrik, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-26399.
Повний текст джерелаWarm, Katja. "The epidemiology of allergic sensitization and the relation to asthma and rhinitis : the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden (OLIN) studies thesis XIV." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Lungmedicin, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-109776.
Повний текст джерелаAl-Maskari, Fatma Nasser Saeed. "Childhood asthma : a study of the prevalence of asthma among school children aged 6-13 years in the United Arab Emirates." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602007.
Повний текст джерелаPugmire, Juliana. "Health Effects of Childhood Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in Children followed to Adulthood." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202985.
Повний текст джерелаLarsson, Anna-Karin. "Early life cytokines, viral infections and IgE-mediated allergic disease." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Wenner-Gren Institute for Experimental Biology, Stockholm university, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1224.
Повний текст джерелаLucas, Casaca Vera Isabel. "Role of Th1 and Th2 cell-specific polymorphisms and of Regulatory T cells modulated by farm exposure for the determination of childhood allergic diseases." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-172198.
Повний текст джерелаLucas, Casaca Vera Isabel [Verfasser], and Bianca [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaub. "Role of Th1 and Th2 cell-specific polymorphisms and of Regulatory T cells modulated by farm exposure for the determination of childhood allergic diseases / Vera Isabel Lucas Casaca. Betreuer: Bianca Schaub." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1055907637/34.
Повний текст джерелаDearham, Astrid Chrisilda. "An analysis of sociodemographic, dietary and environmental determinants of allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema symptoms among adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa : findings from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10380.
Повний текст джерелаHwang, Shih-Yun, and 黃詩芸. "THE FEEDING REGIMEN DURING INFANCY AND THE CHILDHOOD ALLERGY." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65473583069545864324.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
88
Previous studies have suggested an increasing prevalence of allergic diseases in developing countries, and the similar trend has been observed in Taiwan. Allergy is known as a multi-factorial disease, including genetic and environmental factors. Among those risk factors such as family history and environmental allergens, the effect of maternal dietary manipulation and the feeding regimen during infancy to the childhood allergy is still unclear. Several studies have indicated that a fetus can be sensitized in utero, thus precautions should be taken as early as possible. In the prevention of allergic disease, environmental control is proved to be effective, but the dietary control during pregnancy and infancy is yet to be confirmed. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of maternal diet during pregnancy, maternal environmental allergen exposure, feeding regimen during infancy, and other relative factors on the development of allergy. A retrospective study was conducted. The outpatients from the Division of Pediatric Allergy & Immunology were included as case group. The control group was randomly selected from general population aged from 3 to 6 years old in Tainan city of southern Taiwan. All subjects were investigated by a structured questionnaire through telephone interviews. Information on family history, maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation, feeding regimen during infancy and allergic status were collected. Data were analyzed by Chi-square and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that there is no association between maternal dietary manipulation during pregnancy and the subsequent development of childhood allergic diseases. The use of hypoallergenic formula can effectively reduce the risk to the development of asthma (OR=2.42, 95%CI: 1.00~5.92), this effect is much more significant in high risk children (OR=3.79, 95%CI: 1.39~ 10.31). No association was found between environmental allergen exposure, indoor air pollution and childhood allergy assessed by questionnaire. Future efforts are essential to complete more subjects and include population outside of clinical setting to finalize associations found in these preliminary analyses.
Wickrama, Gunaratne Anoja. "Effects of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation for pregnant and lactating women in preventing allergic diseases in early childhood." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115480.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, 2015.
Wan-RuWang and 王琬茹. "The association among phthalate exposures,DNA methylation, and childhood allergy and asthma." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u7835u.
Повний текст джерелаMohamad, Zainal Nurul Hayati. "Examination of Placenta and Child Saliva Samples Associated with Childhood Allergy Development." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/2440/132227.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School, 2018
Ferguson, Angela. "The role of early life infection on the programming of CD4+ T-cells." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/938480.
Повний текст джерелаAsthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that is characterised by activation of CD4+ T-helper 2 type (Th) cells and eosinophils. The cause of this aberrant Th2 response is unknown but lack of early life infection is thought to play a significant role. The timing of infection and the type of pathogen may be critical to programming the immune response to a protective Th1, or destructive Th2, phenotype. The immune responses to infection with Salmonella typhimurium and Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) have been identified as targets for reprogramming or preventing the development of asthma. However, the role of these infections in contributing to a Th2-Th1switch or suppression of this response remains limited. In this investigation ovalbumin (OVA) T-cell receptor (TCR) transgenic (Tg) mice in combination with these bacterial strains expressing OVA have been used to specifically track the affects of each infection as well as OVA exposure on the T-cell response and the development of allergic airways disease (AAD) in the mouse model. BCG infection as an adult and a neonate prior to OVA challenge induced significant reductions in eosinophils in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue compared to sham-infected mice that received OVA challenge. However, high levels of both Th1 (interferon gamma (IFN-γ)) and Th2 (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13) cytokines from supernatants of cultured peri-bronchial lymph node (PBLN) cells and splenocytes were found in all groups examined. Further studies tracking the development of the immune system after BCG infection at birth without OVA exposure revealed significant decreases in lung tissue eosinophils and decreased immunoglobulin (Ig) G1, IgG2a and IgE levels from serum compared to sham-infected controls. This coincided with decreased numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in the spleens and PBLN cells. Levels of cytokines in splenocytes and PBLN cell cultures failed to show significant trends toward either a polarised Th1 or Th2, leaving a mixed Th1/Th2 phenotype. Infection with S.typhimurium lowered eosinophil levels in BALF, and mucous secreting cell (MSC) and eosinophil number in lung tissue after challenge with 23 OVA, compared to sham-infected mice challenged with OVA. In mice infected as neonates and adults prior to OVA challenge increased levels of IFN-γ from splenocyte culture supernatants were found, compared to sham-infected OVA challenged controls. Decreased levels of IL-5 from splenocyte culture supernatants was found in neonates but not adult mice infected with S.typhimurium prior to OVA challenged compared to sham-infected OVA challenged controls. High levels of both Th1 and Th2 cytokines were present in splenocyte and PBLN culture supernatants from all groups tested, indicating a mixed Th1/Th2 phenotype rather than a profound switch to Th1 immune response. Further studies showed that infection with S.typhimurium at birth without OVA exposure causes changes to the development of the neonatal immune system resulting in decreased eosinophil numbers in BALF and lung tissue, decreased levels of serum IgG1 and IgG2a, and a shift from Th2 to a mixed Th1/Th2 cytokine profile. These changes were found in samples examined up to 9-weeks post infection. This investigation demonstrates that infection with BCG or S.typhimurium can alter the immune system resulting in attenuation of various immunological and patho-physiological features of asthma. Infection with BCG or S.typhimurium as a neonate appears to produce the most pronounced modification in the subsequent immune responses to OVA. These findings provide important insights into possible modified vaccination regimes at birth and during childhood, which may have the potential to prevent the development of asthma and allergic inflammatory disorders in adulthood.
Wang, Yun-Hu, and 王雲虎. "Relationship between sensitized to food allergen and childhood asthma and allergic rhinitis." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54683190425577370466.
Повний текст джерела中山醫學大學
醫學研究所
103
Background: Sensitisation to allergen has long been known to relate to childhood allergic disease. In general, food allergens are associated with atopic dermatitis and inhalant allergens are associated with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. Several studies revealed that polysensitised individuals have more severe atopic disease, whereas individuals with cosensitized to food and inhalant allergen were under-researched. Objective: To realize the relationship between sensitization to food allergen and childhood allergic rhinitis and asthma. Design: This was a prospective case-controlled study. Methods: We included 138 participants with sensitized to allergen as assessed by serum-specific IgE. 87 of 138 participants had allergic rhinitis and 51 participants with both allergic rhinitis and asthma. All participants underwent a physical examination, measurement serum total IgE values and requested to complete the Pediatric Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaires (PRQLQ). Besides, nasal peak expiratory flow rate (nPEFR) was performed by allergic rhinitis participants, lung function test and asthma control test (ACT) were performed by both asthma and allergic rhinitis participants. Results: 48 of 87 allergic rhinitis participants with sensitized to food and inhalant allergens (AR food group), 39 of 87 allergic rhinitis participants with sensitized to inhalant allergen alone (AR inhalant group). AR food group significantly lower nPEFR values and higher total IgE values (p<0.05) compared with the other group. 24 of 51 both asthma and allergic rhinitis participants with sensitized to food and inhalant allergens (asthma and AR food group), 27 of 51 both asthma and allergic rhinitis participants with sensitized to inhalant allergen alone (asthma and AR inhalant group). Asthma and AR food group significantly higher total IgE values (p<0.05) compared with the other group and it was higher than the AR food group. Asthma and AR food group also had higher lung function test values and asthma control test (ACT) scores than the other group. Conclusion: This study evidences that children with sensitized to both food and inhalant allergens have more severe clinical symptoms and abnormal laboratory findings. Sensitisation to food allergen was more related to pediatric allergic rhinitis. We may need larger, longer and extended study to assess the conclusion.
Παντιώρα, Αγγελική. "Συχνότητα άσθματος και αλλεργίας σε παιδιά σχολικής ηλικίας : συγχρονική επιδημιολογική μελέτη στην πόλη της Πάτρας". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/5769.
Повний текст джерелаAccording to four surveys conducted in the city of Patras, Greece, during 1978-2003, the prevalence of current (diagnosed in the last 2 years) and lifetime wheeze/asthma at schoolage has risen, albeit at a decelerating rate. A similar increase occurred in the prevalence of lifetime rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in the three more recent surveys during 1991-2003. Aim: We examined the prevalence of wheeze/asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in the same urban environment in 2008. Methods: Using identical methodology with the previously conducted cross-sectional surveys, a parental written questionnaire was distributed in 2008 to Third and Fourth grade schoolchildren (8-9 year-old) and the current and lifetime sex-specific prevalence of the three diseases was calculated and compared with the findings of the previous surveys (1978: N=3003; 1991: N=2417; 1998: N=3076; and 2003: N=2725). Results: The prevalence rates of current wheeze/asthma in 1978, 1991, 1998, 2003 and 2008 (N=2688) were 1.5%, 4.6%, 6.0%, 6.9% and 6.9%, respectively (sex-adjusted p for trend <0.001). Respective values for lifetime (ever had) wheeze/asthma in the 1991-2008 surveys were 8.0%, 9.6%, 12.4% and 12.6% (sex-adjusted p for trend <0.001). Irrespective of sex, diagnosed asthma declined during 2003-2008 among current wheezers by 17% (p<0.001); however, this was not the case among non-current wheezers (6.7%, p=0.16). The prevalence rates of lifetime rhinoconjunctivitis in 1991, 1998, 2003 and 2008 were 2.1%, 3.4%, 4.6% and 5.1%, respectively (sex-adjusted p for trend <0.001). The respective values for lifetime eczema were 4.5%, 6.3%, 9.5% and 10.8% (sex-adjusted p for trend <0.001). The male:female ratio of current and lifetime wheeze/asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema increased during the 30-year surveillance period of wheeze/asthma and the 17-year surveillance period for allergic disease (p for trend <0.001). Among current wheezers/asthmatics there was an increase in lifetime rhinoconjunctivitis and lifetime eczema (sex-adjusted p for tend <0.001) over the period 1991-2008. The proportion of wheeze/asthma attributable to allergy (current wheeze/asthma with lifetime rhinoconjunctivitis and/or eczema) increased further during 2003-2008 (p <0.05, p for trend during 1991-2008 <0.001). Conclusions: Childhood wheeze and asthma have reached plateau during the 2003-2008 period in Patras, Greece. The diagnosis of asthma declined among schoolage but not preschool wheezers during the same period, while the male:female ratio increased. On the other hand, there was a continuous increase in the prevalence of allergic manifestations, i.e. rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema, during 1991-2008. The frequency of wheeze/asthma attributable to allergy, after a steep rise in 1991-2003, continued to increase during 2003-2008 –albeit at a decelerating rate–despite the wheeze/asthma plateau which occurred over this 5-year period.
Hsueh, Kai-Chung, and 薛凱中. "The Roles of Adipokines in Childhood Allergic Rhinitis." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36891582216189840228.
Повний текст джерела中國醫藥大學
臨床醫學研究所碩士班
95
Background: Although there is evidence of a positive association between leptin and asthma in adults and children, very little is known about the role of adiponectin and leptin in children with allergic rhinitis (AR). Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate serum leptin and adiponectin levels in a group of children with allergic rhinitis before the initiation of therapy and to examine the relationship between leptin and adiponectin and allergic inflammatory markers in AR children. Methods: Body mass index (BMI) and serum leptin and adiponectin levels were measured in 51 (18 female, 33 male; mean age, 7.3 ± 2.08 years) allergic rhinitis children and 47 (15 female, 32 male; mean age, 6.43 ± 2.59 years) healthy children. Total serum IgE and mite-specific IgE and serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels were also measured. Results: A significant difference was observed in serum leptin and adiponectin levels between AR and healthy children. Median (interquartile range) levels of leptin were 4.60 (2.16-14.82) ng/ml and 3.31 (1.08-7.10) ng/ml, respectively (P = 0.041). Median (interquartile range) levels of adiponectin were 30.36 (21.08-41.85) μg/ml and 39.07 (30.83-45.46) μg/ml, respectively (P = 0.005). Further analysis revealed that these differences in leptin and adiponetin levels appeared to be far more significant in boys than girls. By logistic regression analysis, only leptin and adiponectin were predictive factors for having allergic rhinitis with their odds ratios being 27.06 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1209) and 13.14 (95% CI, 1.84-115.1), respectively. In the multiple regression analysis, only BMI and AR were significantly associated with leptin levels and BMI, age and AR correlated with adiponectin levels. A significantly negative but weak correlation was observed between log adiponectin and log ECP levels among children with AR (r = -0.29; P = 0.036). There was no relation between adipokines levels and total IgE or mite-specific IgE levels. Conclusion: Patients with allergic rhinitis have a marked increase in serum levels of leptin but a marked decrease in adiponectin levels. These data confirm a relevant role for adipokines in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and suggest important therapeutic implications that need further exploration.
Hsieh, Shinyi, and 謝新誼. "Governance of Dust Mite: Risk, Consumption and Parenting on Childhood Allergic Diseases." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5u5f6m.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
社會學研究所
103
Childhood allergic diseases are currently a crucial health concern in Taiwan. According to the biomedical model of allergic diseases, these diseases have several risk factors such as heredity, immune conditions, air pollution, and allergen exposure. This study examined the risk governance of childhood allergies. I argue that risk governance is dynamic and includes several actors. This study involved determining how, during different historical periods, experts, the government, and industries in Taiwan have recognized these risk factors; examining the management practices that they have recommended; and investigating the effects of these management practices on parents. In addition, this study examined the knowledge and practices of parents, and describing their gender, generation and structural difference. The data used in this study include information obtained from archives, interviews, and participant observation. The five major findings of this study are described as follows: 1) During the process of governance, knowledge producers, health promoters, and parents participate in preventing and reducing the risks of childhood allergies. Moreover, a non-human actor, the dust mite, plays a critical role in connection with other participants. 2) However, not every risk factor has a corresponding strategy for reducing or preventing risks. Therefore, a gap exists between risk assessment and management. Because of governance policies, environmental risks associated with childhood allergies are restricted to specific “environments” on the micro level, especially the maternal environment and household environment. Many strategies have been created for reducing and preventing these environmental risks. The environmental controlling strategies involve knowledge, strategies, and commodities. 3) The limited environmental risks reinforce the moral responsibility of parents regarding the health of their children. This study follows the concept “intensive parenthood” to describe the role of parenting in preventing and reducing the risks of allergies. Parenting is financially expensive, knowledge-rich, labor-intensive, and emotionally absorbing. Parents usually perform more tasks than experts have suggested. Younger parents collect information from both the expert-guided biomedicine paradigm and situated knowledge provided by lay’s experience. By contrast, older parents rediscover their parenting methods of the past 20 years based on their knowledge of the risks of allergies. Governing the risk of allergies affects both the current practices of parents and interpretation of older parents’ previous parenting methods. 4) Risk governance became increasingly market driven in approximately 2000. Commercial corporations have played a dominant role in governing the risk of allergies. Corporations that are related to preventing and reducing the risks of allergies have shifted from traditional medical industries to industries that manufacture household electronic appliances and cleaning products. When household appliance and cleaning product corporations promote health, these promotions are focused on dust mites and identify product consumption as the primary solution. Taiwanese parents mostly receive health information related to allergies from commercial advertisements rather than from physicians or the government. 5) In 2013, there has been a controversy regarding anti-dust-mite products in Taiwan. The Homemaker United Foundation discovered that anti-dust-mite laundry detergent has the same ingredient as pesticides do, Permethrin. The anti-dust-mite laundry detergent was disputed by parents, industries, NGOs, governmental agencies, chemical experts, dust-mite experts, and physicians. The deficit in Taiwanese regulations was discovered because of public concerns. Chemicals were regulated through numerous regulations and directives before the emergence of the controversy. In conclusion, regarding the multiple risks associated with allergies, the current solutions are often reduced to a specific range of “environmental” controls, which are combined with individualized behavior management. Through household environmental controls, commercial corporations play an essential role in governing the risk of childhood allergies. However, the anti-dust-mite product unintentionally causes new risks on the ecological environment, parenting, and regulatory policies. The intensive parenting on children’s allergies is intertwined with risk management, individual moral responsibility, and healthy lifestyle consumption.
Lee, Yi-Cheng, and 李易澄. "Associations among Various Indicators of Residential Microbial Exposures and Childhood Allergic and Respiratory Diseases." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41799017395572832747.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
環境醫學研究所
97
Literatures have consistently demonstrated associations between exposures to microbial agents in built environments with increasing risk of reporting respiratory diseases, mostly based on measurements of single or selected microbial agents. However, in reality, environmental microbes (e.g. fungi and bacteria and other allergens) are co-existed in any environments at all times. Therefore, study including concurrent assessment of related bioaerosols becomes essential to elucidate their individual or synergistic roles deriving at corresponding health outcomes of concerns. The aims of this study with children aged 6 to 8 is to investigate the individual and combined effects of concurrent exposures to various microbial agents, such as airborne fungal spores, viable fungi, viable bacteria, house dust associated fungal (1→3)-β-D-glucan and bacterial endotoxin, as well as house dust mite allergens, on reporting respiratory or allergic symptoms and diseases. Home characteristics are also analyzed for associations with quantitative microbial levels when appropriate to examine the potential and effective surrogates reflecting microbial exposures for prevention. Results indicate that fungal spores and Der p1 are the significant major microbial agents related to the studied health outcomes. Moreover, the moisture content of building materials (>100%), indoor and outdoor 24-hrs average temperature (<27.13℃ and <27.58℃, respectively), indoor 24-hrs average relative humidity (>63.65%), presence of irritant smells as well as higher human density can be considered as alternative or surrogate environmental indicators without actual maneuver of real sampling and analytical activity for environmental microbes. Preventive measures and priority of remedial actions can therefore be planned accordingly.
Yang, Hui-Yu, and 楊惠聿. "Relationship between Taiwanese childhood allergic diseases and genetic polymorphism of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99720885631558153827.
Повний текст джерела中山醫學院
毒理學研究所
89
Allergic diseases, such as asthma, rhinitis and food allergics, are reaching epidemic proportions in both developed and developing world. The mechanism of allergy is a polarization of T-lymphocyte responses, and enchanced secretion of cytokines involved in regulation of immunoglobulin E, mast cells, basophils and eosinophiles, leading to inflammation and diseases. Although many factors are important to the development of atopy, the environmental and hereditary factors are the strong ones, especially some genes and chromosomal regions were reported been linked to allergy. To determine the polymorphism of interleukin-4(IL-4) and interleukin-13(IL-13) for the development of atopy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis, 514 subjects were identified, to whom 120 were controls, 394 were allergy patients divided to three groups - 90 subjects were asthma cases, 119 subjects were allergic rhinitis and 185 were both asthma and allergic rhinitis. Compared with controls, the serum total IgE and eosinophil counts were increased in allergic patients, but the forced expiratory volumn in the first second(FEV1), did not decreased. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) showed the IL-4 and IL-13 concentration were increased in allergic patients, asthma patients, allergic rhinitis patients and both asthma and allergic rhinitis patients. All the subjects were analyzed polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP). The statistical data showed the polymorphism of IL-4 ligand(C589T、C33T), IL-4 receptor(R576Q), IL-13 ligand(Q110R、C1055T)in Taiwanese children did not correlate to allergic disease, asthma , allergic rhinitis and patients who had asthma and allergic rhinitis. The polymorphism of IL-4 receptor(Q551R)was correlate to asthma(p = 0.0113), and I50V was associated with patients who had asthma and allergic rhinitis(p = 0.0338). Besides, IL-13 receptor(A1398G)was associated with allergic rhinitis. Combined with polymorphism and biochemical data, total IgE, eosinophil counts and serum IL-4 concentration were increased in allergic patients, asthma, allergic rhinitis and patients who had asthma and allergic rhinitis. The concentration of serum IL-13 were increased in asthma patients, but FEV1 did not decreased in the study.
Nai-YunHsu and 許乃云. "Study of Environmental and Hereditary Risk Factors, and Their Associations with Childhood Asthma and Allergic Diseases." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19147646022757833569.
Повний текст джерелаShy, Huey-Ju, and 施惠珠. "Relationship between Taiwanese childhood asthma & allergic diseases and genetic polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-4 receptor and IgE receptor." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10478560252762047280.
Повний текст джерела中山醫學院
毒理學研究所
88
Atopic disorder(including asthma and allergic rhinitis)is one of the worldwide chronic diseases, has been seen an exponential increase in childhood. The raised prevalence of the atopic disorder may be dued to the strong environmental factor, but hereditary factor is also the important factor. To identify genetic factors for susceptibility to atopy asthma and allergic diseases in childhood, 258 subjects were identified, mainly from Taichung in Taiwan, of whom 41 were unrelated controls, 41 were asthma cases, 31 were allergic rhinitis cases, 92 were both asthma and allergic rhinitis cases, and 53 other allergic disease cases. All the subjects were characterized for lung function(FEV1, forced expiratory volume in the first second), eosinophil counts , total serum IgE and specific IgE reactivity to common aeroallergens. Asthma or allergic disease was defined as FEV1 <85% and/or increased IgE levels. Several candidate genes was investigated, and genome-wide linkage analysis was been initiated. Increased total serum IgE levels, reduced FEV1 and eosinophil counts have been detected in both control and allergic disorders. The regions of interest were amplified from genomic DNA using polymerase chain reaction(PCR), while restriction enzyme digestion was used for genotyping individuals for the candidate gene polymorphisms. An analysis was then performed on 41 unrelated controls, 41 asthmatic , 31 allergic rhinitis , 92 both asthmatic and allergic rhinitis , and 53 other allergic disease children for each polymorphism. The LT-α, IL-4Rα(R576)and FcεRⅠ(intron 2、exon 7)polymorphisms were not associated with allergic diseases, but the TNF-α and FcεRⅠ(E237G)polymorphisms were associated with allergic rhinitis. The increased total serum IgE levels was found to be linked to each polymorphism. FcεRⅠ(exon 7)positive subjects had a significantly elevated eosinophil counts to both asthma and allergic rhinitis. TNF-α、LT-α、IL-4Rα(R576)及FcεRⅠ(intron 2)positive subjects had a significantly elevated eosinophil counts to both asthma and allergic rhinitis, and other allergic diseases. FcεRⅠ(E237G)positive subjects had a significantly elevated eosinophil counts to asthma, both asthma and allergic rhinitis, and other allergic diseases. Among the six polymorphisms, TNF-α, LT-α, IL-4Rα(R576)and FcεRⅠ(intron 2)demonstrated an association with a significantly reduced FEV1 to both asthma and allergic rhinitis, and other allergic disease. FcεRⅠ(E237G)positive subjects had a significantly reduced FEV1 to both asthma and allergic rhinitis. FcεRⅠ(exon 7)showed no association with reduced FEV1 to atopic disorder. We also examined the relative contributions of four environmental factors to the development of atopic disorders. Smoking and incensing in house were associated with allergic rhinitis, both asthma and allergic rhinitis, and other allergic disease. These results suggest that the TNF-α, LT-α, IL-4Rα(R576)and FcεRⅠ(E237G, intron 2 and exon 7)polymorphisms were not associated with asthma and the other allergic diseases, but TNF-αand FcεRⅠ(E237G)polymorphisms were associated with allergic rhinitis.
Barrios, Juliana Beverly. "Neural regulation of the pulmonary neuroendocrine system induce mucus overproduction." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/29957.
Повний текст джерела2020-06-12T00:00:00Z