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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Chemical reactions monitoring"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 9 листопада 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Chemical reactions monitoring"

Chen, Chun-Chi, and Po-Chiao Lin. "Monitoring of chemical transformations by mass spectrometry." Analytical Methods 7, no. 17 (2015): 6947–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay00496a.

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Swearer, Dayne F., Samuel Gottheim, Jay G. Simmons, Dane J. Phillips, Matthew J. Kale, Michael J. McClain, Phillip Christopher, Naomi J. Halas, and Henry O. Everitt. "Monitoring Chemical Reactions with Terahertz Rotational Spectroscopy." ACS Photonics 5, no. 8 (May 18, 2018): 3097–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00342.

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Nielsen, Charles A., Ray W. Chrisman, Robert E. LaPointe, and Theodore E. Miller. "Novel Tubing Microreactor for Monitoring Chemical Reactions." Analytical Chemistry 74, no. 13 (July 2002): 3112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac020100i.

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Hsu, Chun-Yao, Gurpur Rakesh D. Prabhu, and Pawel L. Urban. "Telechemistry 2.0: Remote monitoring of fluorescent chemical reactions." HardwareX 10 (October 2021): e00244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00244.

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Fleischer, Heidi, Vinh Quang Do, and Kerstin Thurow. "Online Measurement System in Reaction Monitoring for Determination of Structural and Elemental Composition Using Mass Spectrometry." SLAS TECHNOLOGY: Translating Life Sciences Innovation 24, no. 3 (January 7, 2019): 330–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2472630318813838.

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The monitoring of chemical reactions is an important task in chemical engineering, especially in quality control, pharmaceutical and biological processes, or industrial production. The development of new reactions such as catalyst-based procedures requires detailed knowledge about process steps and reaction kinetics. For qualitative and quantitative analysis of reactants and resulting products, proprietary online measurement systems are used, which were designed for special applications. A mobile online reaction monitoring system was developed for a flexible coupling to different mass selective measurement systems for structural (ESI-MS) and elemental (ICP-MS) analysis to determine chemical precursors, reaction products, and internal standard compounds and their elemental composition at any stage of the reaction. Chemical reactions take place in a tempered continuous-flow microreactor. The flow rate in the microreactor can be varied to adjust the residence times in the reactor. An online dilution module was integrated to adapt the concentration of the reaction solutions to the working range of the analyzers. The performance and limitations of the online reaction system were determined using standard solutions and a real chemical reaction. The control software with a graphical user interface enables the adjustment of reaction, sampling, and measurement parameters as well as the system and process control.

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Čáchová, Monika, Lenka Scheinherrová, Libor Kobera, Martina Urbanová, Jiří Brus, and Martin Keppert. "Monitoring of Kinetics of Pozzolanic Reaction." Key Engineering Materials 722 (December 2016): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.722.126.

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The pozzolanic additions are widely used as concrete component for numerous technical, economic and environmental reasons. Obviously the hydration process in a pozzolana containing system differs from hydration of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) what is indicated macroscopically by slower increase of strength and lower hydration heat. This paper aims to study pozzolanic reaction from perspective of chemical kinetics. From this point of view pozzolanic reaction and carbonation are two parallel reactions which are competing for portlandite (Ca (OH)2). The rate of each of these two reactions is characterized by rate constant and order of reaction. The system under study was 1:1 mixture lime – ceramic powder. The course of reaction was primarily studied by thermogravimetry which results were further subjected to kinetic analysis. MAS NMR spectroscopy was used for study of structural changes taking place in material in the course of pozzolanic reaction.

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Jacquemmoz, Corentin, François Giraud, and Jean-Nicolas Dumez. "Online reaction monitoring by single-scan 2D NMR under flow conditions." Analyst 145, no. 2 (2020): 478–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9an01758e.

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Stockinger, Skrollan, Julia Gmeiner, Kerstin Zawatzky, Johannes Troendlin, and Oliver Trapp. "From stereodynamics to high-throughput screening of catalysed reactions." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 92 (2014): 14301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc04892j.

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In this review we summarised recent developments in high-throughput kinetic monitoring of reactions including the dynamics of interconverting stereoisomers and the simultaneous combination of (catalysed) reactions with chemical analysis in on-column reaction chromatographic devices.

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Novotný, František, and Rostislav Lošot. "Chemical Reactions in a Soda-Lime Silicate Batch." Advanced Materials Research 39-40 (April 2008): 459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.39-40.459.

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Primary chemical reactions among the raw materials composing the batch give rise to various transitory intermediate products. Their physical properties influence the character of the glass melting process. The reaction pathway can be controlled by selecting the conditions, e.g. the grainsize composition of raw materials or the heating rate, which will influence the efficacy of the subsequent fining process. The present contribution describes practical technological properties of a couple of principal reaction pathways. A relationship between the practical monitoring of the actual glass melting process and the occurrence of peculiar chemical specimens is also mentioned.

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Bunker, Ian, Ridwan Tobi Ayinla, and Kun Wang. "Single-Molecule Chemical Reactions Unveiled in Molecular Junctions." Processes 10, no. 12 (December 3, 2022): 2574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10122574.

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Understanding chemical processes at the single-molecule scale represents the ultimate limit of analytical chemistry. Single-molecule detection techniques allow one to reveal the detailed dynamics and kinetics of a chemical reaction with unprecedented accuracy. It has also enabled the discoveries of new reaction pathways or intermediates/transition states that are inaccessible in conventional ensemble experiments, which is critical to elucidating their intrinsic mechanisms. Thanks to the rapid development of single-molecule junction (SMJ) techniques, detecting chemical reactions via monitoring the electrical current through single molecules has received an increasing amount of attention and has witnessed tremendous advances in recent years. Research efforts in this direction have opened a new route for probing chemical and physical processes with single-molecule precision. This review presents detailed advancements in probing single-molecule chemical reactions using SMJ techniques. We specifically highlight recent progress in investigating electric-field-driven reactions, reaction dynamics and kinetics, host–guest interactions, and redox reactions of different molecular systems. Finally, we discuss the potential of single-molecule detection using SMJs across various future applications.

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Дисертації з теми "Chemical reactions monitoring"

Huynh, Nguyen. "Digital control and monitoring methods for nonlinear processes." Link to electronic thesis, 2006. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-100906-083012/.

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Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
Keywords: Parametric optimization; nonlinear dynamics; functional equations; chemical reaction system dynamics; time scale multiplicity; robust control; nonlinear observers; invariant manifold; process monitoring; Lyapunov stability. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-98).

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Al-Gailani, Bashar Riyadh M. "Microfabricated chemical reactors for gas-phase catalytic reactions and micrototal analytical systems for environmental monitoring." Thesis, University of Hull, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415802.

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Jamur, Jasim Mohammed Shamar. "Towards monitoring of the progress of chemical reactions using a novel plasma-assisted desorption ionisation mass spectrometry methodology." Thesis, Keele University, 2018. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/4536/.

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A novel method for monitoring of pharmaceutically relevant reactions using PADI-MS has been developed in this study. The visible non-thermal plasma plume from a coaxial helium gas flow non-thermal RF plasma was optimised using a range of samples. PADI-MS was found to be a powerful analytical technique for pharmaceutically relevant solid and liquid samples and can readily be adapted for use in reaction monitoring. This study has determined that PADI-MS is fast, easy to set up and requires little or no sample preparation. PADI-MS has significant advantages over other techniques as it is faster, more sensitive and more convenient and suitable for investigation of complex molecules and mixtures. However, two limitations of PADI-MS are that the plasma can affect the sample surface chemistry upon exposure and quantification is not always trivial. A number of other analytical methods were used in conjunction with PADI-MS: TLC, HPLC, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Chapter 3 investigated PADI-MS and Raman analysis of paracetamol tablet as model for pharmaceutically relevant solids. Raman microscopy was used to develop an understanding of how the plasma affects the sample surface. The plasma effect was also studied by examining changes in PADI-MS spectra. In Chapter 4, PADI-MS acquisition settings were improved by adding water vapour to the outer He flow gas and increasing the plasma power to 8 W, optimising the analysis of mixture solutions from TLC plates. Although molecules could be identified with optimum sensitivity after separation, this may not be necessary, unless the highest possible sensitivity is required. Chapter 5 deals with PADI-MS for direct analysis of pharmaceutical compounds in solid and liquid forms from glass slides and cotton swabs. PADI-MS was determined to besuitable for analysis of pharmaceutical tablets from solutions via both substrates, with distinct advantages for the latter. The final Chapter studied PADI-MS for the monitoring of imine formation as model pharmaceutical reaction. Both FTIR and PADI-MS were successfully used, but the latter is faster and more versatile. TLC and HPLC could not be used for this reaction. PADI-MS was successfully used for this reaction using cotton swabs without preparation or pre-concentration of sample solutions.

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Jovanovic, Renata. "Butyl acrylate/vinyl acetate emulsion copolymerization: Reaction monitoring and property evaluation." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9102.

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Several aspects of butyl acrylate/vinyl acetate (BA/VAc) polymerizations were investigated in this thesis. Polymerization process monitoring is a key factor in obtaining high quality products with prespecified properties. Therefore, a considerable part of this work was devoted to the real-time monitoring of BA/VAc emulsion polymerization reactions. An Attenuated Total Reflectance - Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy sensor was used for monitoring conversion and copolymer composition. Due to the novelty of this technique, in the first part of the study, the suitability of this technique for polymerization monitoring was investigated. In the second part of this thesis, the knowledge obtained from the off-line monitoring of the solution polymerizations was employed for the real time monitoring of six high-solids BA/VAc emulsion polymerizations. Finally, the latexes obtained in the second part of this thesis were characterized for a variety of polymer properties of interest to adhesive industry. Among the properties investigated were particle size, rheology, dynamic mechanical properties of the dry polymers and the shear and tensile strength of adhesive bonds when hard maple wood is used as a substrate. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Kirby, Carolyn. "Measurement and distribution of nitrogen dioxide in urban environments." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300346.

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Slopek, Ryan Patrick. "In-situ Monitoring of Photopolymerization Using Microrheology." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7194.

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Photopolymerization is the basis of several multi-million dollar industries including films and coating, inks, adhesives, fiber optics, and biomaterials. The fundamentals of the photopolymerization process, however, are not well understood. As a result, spatial variations of photopolymerization impose significant limitations on applications in which a high spatial resolution is required. To address these issues, microrheology was implemented to study the spatial and temporal effects of free-radical photopolymerization. In this work a photosensitive, acrylate resin was exposed to ultraviolet light, while the Brownian motion of micron sized, inert fluorescent tracer particles was tracked using optical videomicroscopy. Statistical analysis of particle motion yielded data that could then be used to extract rheological information about the embedding medium as a function of time and space, thereby relating UV exposure to the polymerization and gelation of monomeric resins. The effects of varying depth, initiator concentration, inhibitor concentration, composition of the monomer, and light intensity on the gelation process were studied. The most striking result is the measured difference in gelation time observed as a function of UV penetration depth. The observed trend was found to be independent of UV light intensity and monomer composition. The intensity results were used to test the accuracy of energy threshold model, which is used to empirically predict photo-induced polymerization. The results of this research affirm the ability of microrheology to provide the high spatial and temporal resolution necessary to accurately monitor the photopolymerization process. The experimental data provide a better understanding of the photo-induced polymerization, which could lead to expanded use and improved industrial process optimization. The use of microrheology to monitor photopolymerization can also aid in the development of predictive models and offer the ability to perform in-situ quality control of the process.

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Baumgarten, Guilherme. "Développement et caractérisation d’une sonde RMN portable appliquée au suivi de la qualité de l’eau et à l’étude de la cinétique des réactions chimiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAD014.

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La spectroscopie de résonance magnétique nucléaire (RMN) est une technique amplement utilisée pour la détection et la quantification de composés chimiques avec un spectre d’application très large. Dans ce manuscrit, deux d’entre eux sont traités : la détection de polluants dans l'eau potable et la surveillance des réactions chimiques. Alors que les équipements de RMN de laboratoire présentent des résultats d'analyse très fiables, la RMN portable est un domaine de recherche en évolution avec de multiples défis technologiques et d’autres liés aux applications ciblées. Les dispositifs RMN portables émergents présentent cependant comme avantage évidente par rapport aux dispositifs classiques leur utilisation directe sur le terrain. Cela permet ainsi d’avoir des résultats d’analyses plus rapidement et de limiter les coûts de personnel et de consommables. Afin de concevoir des spectromètres RMN portables, on doit faire des compromis de conception, tout en étant capable de comprendre les enjeux liés à ces choix, afin que le produit final puisse toujours répondre aux exigences des applications concernées. Pour cela, nous proposons une chaîne d'outils de simulation RMN complète, capable de générer divers aboutissements correspondant à un spectromètre RMN réel. En outre, nous développons une preuve de concept de l’électronique de contrôle et d’acquisition basée sur des composants commerciaux disponibles et nous la validons sur notre prototype de spectromètre RMN portable. Finalement, ce prototype est utilisé pour évaluer le potentiel de la RMN portable pour les applications citées ci-dessus. Cette étude nous a permis d’identifier les limites du dispositif actuel et de proposer un cahier des charges visant son amélioration continue
Nuclear Magnetic Reaction (NMR) spectroscopy is a widely employed technique in the detection and quantification of chemical compounds, with a wide range of applications. In this manuscript, the focus is put on two of them: the detection of pollutants in drinking water and the monitoring of chemical reactions. While laboratory NMR equipment presents highly reliable analysis results, portable miniaturized NMR is an evolving research field with multiple technological and application-related challenges. Such emerging devices present however a clear advantage when compared to the classic, stablished ones: it can be used in the field, therefore saving time and limiting staff and consumables costs. In order to design NMR spectrometers to attain the desired portability and miniaturization, one has to compromise, however being able to understand what is at stake, so that the final product still meets the demands. For that, we propose a complete NMR simulation toolchain capable of generating diverse outcomes corresponding to a real NMR spectrometer. Furthermore, we develop a proof of concept for an electronic control and acquisition unit based on commercial-off-the-shelf components and validate it on a portable NMR spectrometer prototype. Finally, we use this prototype to assess the potential of portable miniaturized NMR for the targeted applications cited above. This study allowed us to identify the limits of our current prototypical device and to provide directions for its further improvement

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Hollock, Michael R. "Application of two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy for monitoring the mechanism of reaction between phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) and metaphenylene diamine (mPDA)." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13838.

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Master of Science
Department of Chemical Engineering
J.R. Schlup
The curing reaction for the amine epoxy resin system of phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) with metaphenylene diamine (mPDA) was investigated using two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy in the near-infared region (2DNIR). Synchronous and asynchronous correlation maps were generated using 2Dshige© software. The characteristic NIR band assignments were made, including the identification of new peaks for the O-H combination band in the 4825-4750 cm[superscript]-1 region and the CH stretching vibration overtone at 6018 cm[superscript]-1. Finally, the data suggests the reaction proceeds as follows: the appearance of the OH groups and C-H backbone vibrations occurs before the primary amine reactions and epoxide rings disappear.

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Xuereb, Fabien. "La spectrométrie de masse appliquée à la quantification des protéines médicaments dans le plasma." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13686/document.

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Le nombre croissant de médicaments protéiques utilisés en thérapeutique a créé des besoins dans le domaine de leur quantification, principalement dans le plasma, un milieu de composition protéique complexe. Le dosage, essentiel aux études pharmacocinétique/pharmacodynamique, ainsi qu’à l’optimisation de ces traitements, est compliqué par la nature protéique de ces médicaments et par les faibles concentrations auxquelles ils sont attendus dans ces milieux complexes. La méthodologie proposée se démarque des méthodes de dosage usuelles par son caractère universel. Elle fait appel à la spectrométrie de masse adaptée à la quantification des protéines grâce à l’utilisation d’un marquage isotopique différentiel des peptides : après enrichissement et protéolyse, l’échantillon à doser est marqué sur les lysines par la version légère d’un réactif de dérivation. En parallèle, les peptides de la protéine médicament pure marqués par la version lourde du réactif, servent d’étalon interne. La possibilité de quantifier la protéine à partir de plusieurs de ses peptides améliore la fiabilité du dosage. Appliquée à l’epoetin beta aux concentrations attendues en thérapeutique (autour de 0,5 femtomole/µL de plasma), la stratégie proposée permet de situer la limite de quantification à environ 50 attomoles d’epoetin beta/µL de plasma avec une méthodologie de spectrométrie de masse nano-LC-ESI-Q-TRAP fonctionnant en mode MRM. Pour étendre l’universalité de cette approche au champ des protéines médicaments pégylées, une seconde molécule a été étudiée. Il s’agit de l’interféron alfa-2b pégylé qui a permis de mettre en place une stratégie d’extraction spécifique du médicament utilisant sa pégylation
The growing number of therapeutic proteins has created needs in the field of their quantification, mainly in plasma, which is a complex protein environment. Quantitative analysis of these proteins is essential for pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics studies, and for the optimization of treatments. However, the nature itself of the analyte and the low concentrations that are expected in plasma complicate the quantitative analysis. The proposed methodology differs from usual methods on its universal applicability. It relies on mass spectrometry adapted to the quantification of proteins by using peptides differential isotope labelling : after enrichment and proteolysis, the therapeutic protein and the plasmatic proteins are labelled on lysine residues by the light reagent. In parallel, peptides of the pure therapeutic protein, labelled by heavy version of reagent, are used as internal standard. The ability to quantify the protein with several of its peptides improves the reliability of the analysis. When applied to epoetin beta at expected therapeutic concentrations (about 0.5 femtomole/µL of plasma), the proposed strategy leads to a quantification limit close to 50 attomoles of epoetin beta/µL plasma, with a nano-LC-ESI-Q-TRAP mass spectrometry methodology operating in MRM. To extend the universal character of this approach to the field of pegylated protein drugs, a second therapeutic protein model has been studied. This model is a pegylated interferon alfa-2b which allowed developing a strategy for specific extraction of the drug relying on its pegylation

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Boeuf, Amandine. "Développement d'approches protéomiques pour l'étude des interactions tique / Borrelia / peau." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00992368.

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La maladie de Lyme, ou borréliose de Lyme, est une infection bactérienne causée par le spirochète Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato et transmise à l'hôte (homme, animal) par piqûre de tique du genre Ixodes. Cette maladie, caractérisée par un polymorphisme clinique important, est la maladie à transmission vectorielle la plus répandue dans l'hémisphère nord. Un traitement par antibiotiques permet une guérison rapide, mais si la maladie est diagnostiquée tardivement, certains symptômes persistent. Actuellement, aucun vaccin n'est commercialisé pour l'homme. Dans ce contexte, nous avons développé des approches protéomiques afin d'apporter de nouveaux éléments de compréhension du mécanisme d'interactions de la triade tique / bactérie / hôte. Ces travaux, visant particulièrement le développement de nouvelles stratégies vaccinales et diagnostiques, sont articulés autour de trois parties : - L'identification, suite à de nombreuses optimisations, d'une méthode d'analyse HPLC-UV et nanoLC-MS/MS, de protéines présentes dans des extraits de glandes salivaires de tiques et possédant une activité sur la réponse immunitaire innée cutanée. Ces développements ont mis en évidence une liste restreinte de protéines potentiellement bioactives. - La mise au point, sur un modèle murin, d'une méthode de détection d'une protéine de Borrelia burgdorferi, OspC, dans des biopsies cutanées par spectrométrie de masse ciblée LC-SRM. Cette étude a ouvert des perspectives quant au développement de nouveaux outils diagnostiques. - L'évaluation de la faisabilité de la détection de Borrelia burgdorferi directement à la surface de la peau par imagerie par spectrométrie de masse MALDI-MSI.

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Книги з теми "Chemical reactions monitoring"

Al-Gailani, Bashar Riyadh M. Microfabricated chemical reactors for gas-phase catalytic reactions and micrototal analytical systems for environmental monitoring: Being a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Hull. [Hull, England]: University of Hull, 2004.

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Alb, Alina M., and Wayne F. Reed. Monitoring Polymerization Reactions: From Fundamentals to Applications. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2014.

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Alb, Alina M., and Wayne F. Reed. Monitoring Polymerization Reactions: From Fundamentals to Applications. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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Alb, Alina M., and Wayne F. Reed. Monitoring Polymerization Reactions: From Fundamentals to Applications. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2014.

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Alb, Alina M., and Wayne F. Reed. Monitoring Polymerization Reactions: From Fundamentals to Applications. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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Alb, Alina M., and Wayne F. Reed. Monitoring Polymerization Reactions: From Fundamentals to Applications. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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Alb, Alina M., and Wayne F. Reed. Monitoring Polymerization Reactions: From Fundamentals to Applications. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2014.

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Setser, D. W. Reactive Intermediates in the Gas Phase: Generation and Monitoring. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2017.

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Частини книг з теми "Chemical reactions monitoring"

Williams, J. O., R. Hoare, N. Hunt, and M. J. Parrott. "Monitoring Chemical Reactions in Metal-Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition (MOCVD)." In Mechanisms of Reactions of Organometallic Compounds with Surfaces, 131–43. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2522-0_17.

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Halasz, Ivan, Stipe Lukin, and Tomislav Friščić. "In Situ Monitoring of Mechanochemical Ball-Milling Reactions." In Mechanochemistry and Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Chemical Manufacturing, 3–40. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003178187-2.

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Afaneh, Ahmad S., and Alexander Kalashnikov. "Embedded Processing of Acquired Ultrasonic Waveforms for Online Monitoring of Fast Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions." In Advanced Distributed Measuring Systems - Exhibits of Application, 67–93. New York: River Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003482345-4.

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Plesser, Th, and I. Lamprecht. "Monitoring Oscillating Chemical Reactions: The Rate of Heat Production and the Simultaneous Measurement of Other Physical Signals." In Thermodynamics and Pattern Formation in Biology, edited by Ingolf Lamprecht and A. I. Zotin, 165–84. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110848403-011.

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Parker, Carol E., Dominik Domanski, Andrew J. Percy, Andrew G. Chambers, Alexander G. Camenzind, Derek S. Smith, and Christoph H. Borchers. "Mass Spectrometry in High-Throughput Clinical Biomarker Assays: Multiple Reaction Monitoring." In Chemical Diagnostics, 117–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/128_2012_353.

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Wyche, Kevin P., Christopher Whyte, Robert S. Blake, Rebecca L. Cordell, Kerry A. Willis, Andrew M. Ellis, and Paul S. Monks. "Atmospheric Monitoring With Chemical Ionisation Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (CIR-TOF-MS) and Future Developments: Hadamard Transform Mass Spectrometry." In Advanced Environmental Monitoring, 64–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6364-0_5.

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Rodrigues, José Fernando, João Junqueira, Diego Rosa, Rafael Queiroz, Jayme Kneip Neto, Vinicius Ippolito, Flavio Reis, and Luana Sampaio. "Procedure for Monitoring of Brazilian Railway Concrete Bridges Affected by Chemical Reaction." In RILEM Bookseries, 453–61. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59349-9_52.

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Vinh-Tung, C., G. Lachenal, B. Chabert, and J. P. Pascault. "Rheological Monitoring of Phase Separation Induced by Chemical Reaction in Thermoplastic-Modified Epoxy." In Advances in Chemistry, 59–74. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1996-0252.ch005.

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Bazzoni, M., B. Lorandel, C. Lhoste, P. Giraudeau, and J. N. Dumez. "Fast 2D NMR for Reaction and Process Monitoring." In Fast 2D Solution-state NMR, 251–83. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781839168062-00251.

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Real-time monitoring methods are essential to the understanding and control of chemical reactions. NMR spectroscopy is particularly well suited for this purpose. It can provide quantitative information and offers great versatility in the analytical setup, making it possible to monitor reactions in chemically relevant conditions and to access sub-second timescales. 2D NMR experiments can play a crucial role in cases of peak overlap in the spectra or when structural information is sought for species transiently formed during the reaction. However, in their conventional form, 2D experiments typically require several minutes or more to acquire a full data set. In this chapter, we show how fast 2D NMR methods make it possible to push the limits of what can be monitored with NMR spectroscopy. First, we describe the motivation to use fast 2D NMR methods for reaction monitoring. Several methods for fast 2D NMR experiments have been exploited for reaction monitoring, in particular non-uniform sampling (NUS) and ultrafast 2D NMR. We also describe and compare the key features of experimental setups for reaction monitoring, such as benchtop spectrometers, flow-NMR setups, and fast-mixing apparatus. We then discuss applications in chemical synthesis and catalysis, which illustrate the potential of fast 2D NMR methods.

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Atkins, Peter, Julio de Paula, and Ronald Friedman. "Reaction rates." In Physical Chemistry: Quanta, Matter, and Change. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780199609819.003.0107.

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Contents Monitoring the progress of a reaction 799 General considerations 799 Example 82.1: Monitoring the variation in pressure 800 Special techniques 800 The rates of reactions 801 The definition of rate 801 Brief illustration 82.1: Reaction rates from balanced chemical...

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Chemical reactions monitoring"

Casey, Abigail, and Gregory E. Triplett. "Microfluidic reaction design for real time chemical reactions monitoring." In Frontiers in Biological Detection: From Nanosensors to Systems XIII, edited by Benjamin L. Miller, Sharon M. Weiss, and Amos Danielli. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2575995.

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Gachagan, A., G. Hayward, M. Tramontana, A. Nordon, and D. Littlejohn. "4I-3 Ultrasonic Monitoring of Heterogeneous Chemical Reactions." In 2006 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ultsym.2006.243.

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Rein, Alan J. "In-situ monitoring of chemical reactions by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy." In SPIE's 1992 Symposium on Process Control and Monitoring, edited by David S. Bomse, Harry Brittain, Stuart Farquharson, Jeremy M. Lerner, Alan J. Rein, Cary Sohl, Terry R. Todd, and Lois Weyer. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.137749.

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Jacques, Steven L. "Optical monitoring of chemical reactions by fluorescence in turbid media." In OE/LASE'93: Optics, Electro-Optics, & Laser Applications in Science& Engineering, edited by Steven L. Jacques and Abraham Katzir. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.147693.

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Anderson, Benjamin R., Natalie Gese, and Hergen Eilers. "Feedback-Assisted Wavefront Shaping for Monitoring Chemical Reactions Inside Opaque Media." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2020.jm6a.16.

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Orbons, L. P. M. "In-situ monitoring of chemical reactions by means of FTIR spectroscopy." In Luebeck - DL tentative, edited by Herbert M. Heise, Ernst H. Korte, and Heinz W. Siesler. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.56300.

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Dobrowolski, Jerzy A., Pierre G. Verly, Michael L. Myrick, Matthew P. Nelson, and Jeffrey F. Aust. "Design of thin-film filters for the monitoring of chemical reactions." In Optical Science, Engineering and Instrumentation '97, edited by Randolph L. Hall. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.290200.

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Ghanem, Akram, Thierry Lemenand, Dominique Della Valle, and Hassan Peerhossaini. "Assessment of Mixing by Chemical Probe in Swirl Flow HEX Reactors." In ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2012-72035.

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Mixing is a fundamental issue in process engineering and many industrial fields. It is closely related to a large number of different applications, such as chemical reactions, thermal transfer, liquid-liquid extraction, crystallization, and the like. In fact, mixing whether at the reactor scale, sustained by the flow structures, or at molecular scales, influences the selectivity and hence the productivity of reactions. Understanding and quantification of the micromixing mechanism is critical in industrial chemical processes, especially for fast exothermal reactions. Micromixing can be characterized by chemical probe methods based on observation of a local chemical reaction that results from a competition between turbulent mixing at microscales and the reaction kinetics. A system of parallel competing reactions producing iodine was developed by Fournier et al. [1] to study partial segregation in stirred tanks. The coupling of the borate neutralization and the Dushman reaction in this system allows the measurement of micromixing efficiency in reactors by monitoring the amount of iodine produced. Called the iodide-iodate method, this technique has been extensively used in different types of reactors. A novel adaptive procedure recently developed by the authors to improve the reliability of the iodide-iodate method is used here. The heat exchanger-reactor presented here is an innovative geometry based on the addition in parallel of tubes equipped with helical inserts. It is expected to qualify as a low-cost compact heat-exchanger reactor and static mixer of high performance.

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Tao, Shiquan. "Optical fiber chemical sensors with sol-gel derived nanomaterials for monitoring high temperature/high pressure reactions in clean energy technologies." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Masayoshi Tomizuka. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.854479.

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Afaneh, A., and A. N. Kalashnikov. "Embedded processing of acquired ultrasonic waveforms for online monitoring of fast chemical reactions in aqueous solutions." In 2011 IEEE 6th International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idaacs.2011.6072752.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Chemical reactions monitoring"

Banin, Amos, Joseph Stucki, and Joel Kostka. Redox Processes in Soils Irrigated with Reclaimed Sewage Effluents: Field Cycles and Basic Mechanism. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695870.bard.

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The overall objectives of the project were: (a) To measure and study in situ the effect of irrigation with reclaimed sewage effluents on redox processes and related chemical dynamics in soil profiles of agricultural fields. (b) To study under controlled conditions the kinetics and equilibrium states of selected processes that affect redox conditions in field soils or that are effected by them. Specifically, these include the effects on heavy metals sorption and desorption, and the effect on pesticide degradation. On the basis of the initial results from the field study, increased effort was devoted to clarifying and quantifying the effects of plants and water regime on the soil's redox potential while the study of heavy metals sorption was limited. The use of reclaimed sewage effluents as agricultural irrigation water is increasing at a significant rate. The relatively high levels of suspended and, especially, dissolved organic matter and nitrogen in effluents may affect the redox regime in field soils irrigated with them. In turn, the changes in redox regime may affect, among other parameters, the organic matter and nitrogen dynamics of the root zone and trace organic decomposition processes. Detailed data of the redox potential regime in field plots is lacking, and the detailed mechanisms of its control are obscure and not quantified. The study established the feasibility of long-term, non-disturbing monitoring of redox potential regime in field soils. This may enable to manage soil redox under conditions of continued inputs of wastewater. The importance of controlling the degree of wastewater treatment, particularly of adding ultrafiltration steps and/or tertiary treatment, may be assessed based on these and similar results. Low redox potential was measured in a field site (Site A, KibutzGivat Brenner), that has been irrigated with effluents for 30 years and was used for 15 years for continuous commercial sod production. A permanently reduced horizon (Time weighted averaged pe= 0.33±3.0) was found in this site at the 15 cm depth throughout the measurement period of 10 months. A drastic cultivation intervention, involving prolonged drying and deep plowing operations may be required to reclaim such soils. Site B, characterized by a loamy texture, irrigated with tap water for about 20 years was oxidized (Time weighted average pe=8.1±1.0) throughout the measurement period. Iron in the solid phases of the Givat Brenner soils is chemically-reduced by irrigation. Reduced Fe in these soils causes a change in reactivity toward the pesticide oxamyl, which has been determined to be both cytotoxic and genotoxic to mammalian cells. Reaction of oxamyl with reduced-Fe clay minerals dramatically decreases its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to mammalian cells. Some other pesticides are affected in the same manner, whereas others are affected in the opposite direction (become more cyto- and genotoxic). Iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) are abundant in the Givat Brenner soils. FeRB are capable of coupling the oxidation of small molecular weight carbon compounds (fermentation products) to the respiration of iron under anoxic conditions, such as those that occur under flooded soil conditions. FeRB from these soils utilize a variety of Fe forms, including Fe-containing clay minerals, as the sole electron acceptor. Daily cycles of the soil redox potential were discovered and documented in controlled-conditions lysimeter experiments. In the oxic range (pe=12-8) soil redox potential cycling is attributed to the effect of the daily temperature cycle on the equilibrium constant of the oxygenation reaction of H⁺ to form H₂O, and is observed under both effluent and freshwater irrigation. The presence of plants affects considerably the redox potential regime of soils. Redox potential cycling coupled to the irrigation cycles is observed when the soil becomes anoxic and the redox potential is controlled by the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple. This is particularly seen when plants are grown. Re-oxidation of the soil after soil drying at the end of an irrigation cycle is affected to some degree by the water quality. Surprisingly, the results suggest that under certain conditions recovery is less pronounced in the freshwater irrigated soils.

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