Дисертації з теми "Chemical propertie"
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MARSALA, Valentina. "STUDY OF CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES IN INDUSTRIAL BIOCHAR." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/90992.
Повний текст джерелаCARDELLI, VALERIA. "Changes occurring in the topsoil and in rhizosphere under fagus sylvatica along a small latitudinal-altitudinal gradient." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/245508.
Повний текст джерелаThe research conducted during the three years doctoral activity was focused on the effect of temperature change on chemical and biochemical properties of two different soil components of beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest soils from central Apennines (Italy): i) rhizosphere, which was contrasted with the bulk soil, and ii) organic horizons (OLn, OLv, OH) and the first mineral horizon (A). In the experimental design a small altitudinal transect (800 and 1000 m) with a different mean annual air temperature of 1°C was considered, together with a latitudinal transect with no difference in the mean annual air temperature but different for the summer-winter thermal excursion. The research was preceded by the development of a method to obtain data of total carbon and nitrogen with non-destructive and less time-consuming instruments in order to develop rapid and reliable field analyses (Paper I). Significant results were obtained with the rhizosphere, which showed marked differences with respect to the bulk at 1000 m, particularly for the greater content of total organic carbon (TOC), water extractable organic matter (WEOM), and available P concentration due to rhizodeposition processes. The enriched micro-environment of the rhizosphere also fosters a rapid nutrients' cycle (Paper II). This was confirmed by the higher content of sugars, soluble phenols and tannins in the rhizosphere WEOM at 1000 m (Paper III). Comparing results along the latitudinal transect, in the subsoil only small differences were recorded. Conversely, the topsoil (O+A horizons) showed chemical and biochemical differences ascribable to the summer-winter thermal excursion trend, with different behaviors of the enzymatic activities depending on their role in litter decomposition. However, in both topsoil and subsoil, horizons thickness and the TOC and total nitrogen contents were higher at 1000 than at 800 m, so confirming that an increase of temperature at these altitudes will increase the mineralization rate (Paper IV).
PUMA, SARA. "Chemico-mechanical improvement of bentonite barriers for pollutant containment." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2507922.
Повний текст джерелаErcoli, Roberto. "Chemical neutralization of industrial by-products from the secondary aluminum industry: re-use as foaming agents for the synthesis of geopolymers and monitoring of the hydrogen-rich gas production." Doctoral thesis, Urbino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11576/2698511.
Повний текст джерелаBarrett, Geraldine Patricia. "Synthesis and physico-chemical properties of chemically modified calixarene receptors." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333798.
Повний текст джерелаAdesina, Olumide, Cassandra T. Eagle, Ayobami Olukanni, and Reza Mohseni. "Purification of Cyclohexene for Cyclopropanation Reactions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/143.
Повний текст джерелаNilsson, Frederik. "Alkylglucosides physical-chemical properties /." Lund : Physical Chemistry 1, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39761789.html.
Повний текст джерелаOlukanni, Ayobami, Cassandra T. Eagle, olumide Adesina, and Reza M. Mohseni. "Purification of Ethyl Diazoacetate by Vacuum Distillation for use in Cyclopropanation Reactions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/135.
Повний текст джерелаPapapanayotou, I. "Chemical properties and optical properties of carbonaceous particles." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383288.
Повний текст джерелаIndoitu, Rodica. "Chemical properties of aerosols over Israel /." [Sede Boker] : Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, 2006. http://aranne5.lib.ad.bgu.ac.il/others/IndoituRodica.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPotužák, Marcel. "Physico-Chemical Properties of Silicate Melts." Diss., lmu, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-55228.
Повний текст джерелаWhittaker, Andrew Gavin. "Some chemical properties of microwave radiation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259845.
Повний текст джерелаPeyfoon, Elham. "Chemical and biological properties of propolis." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510828.
Повний текст джерелаLim, Wen Huei. "Physico-chemical properties of ultraflexible vesicles." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417109.
Повний текст джерелаSerafin, Lukasz Michal. "Chemical bonding properties in substituted disilynes." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3638.
Повний текст джерелаGupta, Saloni. "Physico-chemical properties of polypropylene glycols." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2015. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/21538/.
Повний текст джерелаRichardson, Stephen. "Sulphide ore minerals : surface chemical properties." Thesis, Aston University, 1988. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/8068/.
Повний текст джерелаJacobsen, S. M. "Chemical, catalytic and spectroscopic properties of titanium (II)." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381356.
Повний текст джерелаMaruatona, Gaamangwe Nehemiah. "Physico-chemical, nutritional and functional properties of defatted marama bean flour." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06112009-142412/.
Повний текст джерелаDíez, Orrite Silvia. "Physico-chemical properties of polymers at interfaces." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8511.
Повний текст джерелаmonomers joined together by covalent bonds. Polymers have existed in natural form
since life began and those such as DNA, RNA, proteins and polysaccharides are some
of the most important macromolecules found in plant and animal life. From the earliest
times, the man has used many of these polymers as materials for providing clothing,
decoration, tools, weapons and other requirements. However, the origins of today's
polymer industry commonly are accepted as being in the nineteenth century when
important discoveries were made concerning to the modification of certain natural
polymers, as cellulose. The use of synthetic and natural polymers as stabilisers for
colloid systems (sols, dispersions, microemulsions, etc.) is becoming more important
everyday in contemporary life. Polymer additives can be applied in preconcentrations
and dehydration of suspensions in mineral processing, purification of wastewater and
even in nutritional and pharmaceutical emulsions being their importance related to the
characteristics of the process and the properties that they show. The present work aims
to develop appropriate numerical and analytical modelling techniques, which can
describe (considering the formation of loops and tails) the structure of a polymeric layer
adsorbed on heterogeneous surfaces; this adsorbed layer is an relevant factor in the
properties showed by this kind of materials. Taking into account this, the methodology
known as Single Chain Mean Field (SCMF) (originally used to study micellar
aggregates and grafted polymers) was modified to apply on polymer adsorption
problems. In this way, it was possible to calculate numerically properties that can be
experimentally measured, such as total monomer volume fraction profiles, loop and tail
volume fraction profiles, adsorbance or the thickness of the adsorbed layer. The
structure of the polymeric layer was examined both for flat and spherical (colloidal
particles) surface geometries. When compared with other well established
methodologies for the numerical simulation of polymeric systems, this new version of
SCMF was found to be more efficient due to the improved sampling of the polymer
chain configuration space.
Thus, SCMF method results, in the case of the adsorption on flat surfaces, compare well
with those obtained either with Monte Carlo simulations or with the method developed
in the 80s by Scheutjens and Fleer (SCF). Due to the lack of studies focusing to polymer
adsorption on colloidal particles, our results have been the first to present quantitative
predictions of the structure of the polymeric layer adsorbed on a spherical surface. Thus,
we have demonstrated the dependence of the adsorbed polymer layer with the size of
the colloidal particle as well as the characteristic lengths that influence on it. Finally, in
this work an analytical approach for the description of polymer-colloidal mixtures has
been developed which compares well with the numerical results obtained from the
SCMF methodology. Furthermore, the analytical approach is able to predict system
behaviours, as for example the formation of gels.
Un polímero es una molécula de grandes dimensiones formada de pequeñas unidades
llamadas monómeros, los cuales se encuentran unidos por medio de enlaces covalentes.
Los polímeros han existido de forma natural desde el comienzo de la vida, y aquellos
como el DNA, RNA o las proteínas son algunos de los polímeros más importantes
encontrados tanto en la vida animal como en la vegetal. Desde siempre el hombre ha
utilizado muchos de estos polímeros como materiales para hacer ropa, decoración,
herramientas, etc. Sin embargo, el origen de la industria de polímeros que conocemos
hoy en día se produjo en el siglo 19, gracias a importantes descubrimientos dentro de la
modificación de ciertos polímeros naturales, como la celulosa. El uso de polímeros
sintéticos y naturales como estabilizadores de sistemas coloidales (dispersiones,
microemulsiones, etc.) juega en nuestros días un papel importante. Los polímeros
utilizados como aditivos, pueden ser aplicados en preconcentraciones y deshidratación
de suspensiones dentro de procesos minerales, tratamiento de aguas residuales e incluso
los podemos encontrar dentro de la industria farmacéutica y alimentaria, donde su
importancia es debida a la procesabilidad y propiedades que ellos exhiben. El trabajo
que se presenta es orientado al desarrollo de técnicas de modelización, tanto analíticas
como computacionales, y su aplicación en la descripción (por medio de la formación de
bucles y colas) de la estructura de la capa de polímeros adsorbida en superficies
heterogéneas, siendo dicha capa de polímeros un factor importante en las propiedades
que este tipo de materiales presentan. Con este propósito, la metodología conocida
como Single Chain Mean Field, utilizada anteriormente tanto para el estudio de
agregados micelares como de polímeros anclados en superficies, ha sido modificada
para describir la adsorción de polímeros en superficies. Así se han podido calcular
numéricamente propiedades medibles experimentalmente como los perfiles de la
fracción en volumen de monómeros totales, además de los pertenecientes a los bucles y
colas, adsorbancia o el espesor de la capa adsorbida, para geometrías de la superficie
absorbente tanto plana como esférica (partículas coloidales). En su comparación con
otras metodologías, ya establecidas para la simulación numérica dentro de la física de
polímeros, la aplicación de esta nueva versión del Single Chain Mean Field (SCMF)
ha resultado ser más eficiente debido a un mejor muestreo del espacio de
configuraciones de las cadenas poliméricas. De este modo, comparando los resultados
obtenidos a partir del SCMF, con aquellos obtenidos mediante técnicas de simulación
Monte Carlo o la teoría desarrollada en los años 80 por Scheutjens y Fleer (SCF), se ha
podido encontrar un buen acuerdo en las propiedades calculadas para el caso de la
adsorción en superficies planas. Debido a la dificultad intrínseca del estudio de la
adsorción en superficies curvadas, nuestros resultados son los primeros que presentan
predicciones cuantitativas sobre la estructura de la capa que se forma sobre una
partícula coloidal. Así hemos podido comprobar la dependencia de la estructura de la
capa de polímeros adsorbidos con el tamaño de la partícula sobre la que se encuentran
adsorbidos además de las longitudes características de las cuales depende. Finalmente,
en este trabajo se ha desarrollado, también, una teoría analítica para la descripción de la
mezcla polímero-coloide. De este modo, los resultados numéricos obtenidos con el
SCMF han podido ser comparados con dicha teoría, obteniendo, de nuevo, un buen
acuerdo y predecir, además, comportamientos colectivos como la formación de geles.
Churakov, Sergey. "Physical-chemical properties of complex natural fluids." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962849723.
Повний текст джерелаHirano, Shin-ichi, Toshinobu Yogo, Wataru Sakamoto, Ko-ichi Kikuta, Kazumi Kato, Yoshikuni Takeichi, Yasushi Araki, et al. "Chemical processing and properties of functional ceramics." IEEE, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6125.
Повний текст джерелаZysman-Colman, Eli. "The chemical and physical properties of polychalcogens." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84864.
Повний текст джерелаTheoretical modeling on the relative ground state energies of dialkoxy disulfides is also described. It has been ascertained that the equilibrium position between the two isomers can be influenced by the ring size of the molecule; larger rings promote the dialkoxy disulfide isomer. These modeling studies were successfully corroborated experimentally. Of note is the synthesis of a new 8-membered ring dialkoxy disulfides as well as novel 7-membered ring thionosulfites. These compounds were also confirmed by single X-ray crystallography.
The kinetics of desulfurization of acyclic aromatic tri- and tetrasulfides is described. Tetrasulfides were found to transfer a sulfur atom to triphenylphosphine over ten times faster than their trisulfide analogues.
Tullett, Jayne Margaret. "Chemical and biological properties of S-nitrosothiols." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30786.
Повний текст джерелаAlves, Luis. "Physical and chemical properties of gold nitride." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512027.
Повний текст джерелаTjandra, Juhana. "Eucalyptus oil: Sources, analysis and chemical properties." Thesis, Tjandra, Juhana (1986) Eucalyptus oil: Sources, analysis and chemical properties. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1986. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51658/.
Повний текст джерелаGhorai, Suman. "Chemical, physical and mechanical properties of nanomaterials and its applications." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2501.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Junwei. "Chemical doping of metal oxide nanomaterials and characterization of their physical-chemical properties." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1333829935.
Повний текст джерелаLiang, Heyi. "Rational Design of Soft Materials through Chemical Architectures." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1573085345744325.
Повний текст джерелаJefferey, W. A. "Bisdioxopiperazines and related prodrugs : Physico-chemical and anti-tumour properties." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377564.
Повний текст джерелаBlum, Monika. "Electronic and Chemical Properties of Liquids and Solutions." Doctoral thesis, kostenfrei, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=nbn:de:bvb:20-.
Повний текст джерелаGuyon, Pascal. "Chemical and physical properties of Amazonian aerosol particles." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://ArchiMeD.uni-mainz.de/pub/2003/0035/diss.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBrodin, Ida. "Chemical Properties and Thermal Behaviour of Kraft Lignins." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Fibre and Polymer Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11010.
Повний текст джерелаResearch concerning lignin has increased during the last years due to its renewability and ready availability in black liquor at pulp mills. Today, the kraft lignin found in black liquor is used as a fuel to gain energy in the recovery boiler at the mill. However, a new isolation concept, LignoBoost®, has enabled isolation of part of the lignin while allowing the use of black liquor as a fuel. This isolated lignin can be utilised as a fuel in, for example, thermal power stations or further upgraded to more value-added products. In this context, the most interesting value-added product is carbon fibre. The demand for carbon fibre has increased, but the biggest obstacle for a more extended use is the high production cost. About half of the production cost is related to the raw material.
In this work, the possibility of using kraft lignin as a precursor for carbon fibre production has been investigated through fundamental studies. Kraft lignins originating from birch, Eucalyptus globulus, softwoods and softwoods from liner production have been studied. By separating the lignin while still in solution in the black liquor, unwanted large particles such as carbohydrates can easily be removed. After isolation according to the LignoBoost process and purification with the use of an ion-exchanger, the lignins have been both chemically and thermally characterised. Identification of the released compounds at different temperatures has been performed because only 40% of carbon relative to original lignin remains, down from theoretical 60% after thermal treatment up to 1000°C. The main released compounds were phenols, as revealed by pyrolysis-GC/MS. Additionally, a pre-oxidation was done in order to try to stabilise the lignins. It was shown that an oxidation prior to the thermal treatment increases the yield by more than 10% and that the main release of compounds takes place between 400°C and 600°C. Fractionated lignin is better qualified as raw material for carbon fibre production because it is purer and its softening temperature can be detected. Fractionated kraft lignins from all investigated wood sources have high possibilities to act as precursors for the manufacture of carbon fibre.
Chaudhiury, Umme Salma. "Mechanical and chemical properties of rotator cuff tendons." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601169.
Повний текст джерелаBarrier, Sylvain. "Physical and chemical properties of sporopollenin exine particles." Thesis, University of Hull, 2008. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6412.
Повний текст джерелаSouza, Sofia Leite. "On the physical-chemical properties of ceramide C16." Doctoral thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/12024.
Повний текст джерелаCeramides are known to be involved in cell signalling and are proposed to assist in the formation of laterally segregated membrane domains, known as ceramide rich domains in cell lipid bilayers. The lipid matrix of the stratum corneum, the uppermost layer of the skin, which is responsible for its water barrier properties, is mainly composed of ceramides, associated with cholesterol, long chain fatty acids and cholesteryl esters.(...)
Le, Roex Tanya. "The physio-chemical properties of organic inclusion compounds." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15435.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis the inclusion properties of the host compounds trans-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-bis(p-tert-butylphenyl)-9, 10-dihydroanthracene (TBDDDA), 9.9'-(Biphenyl-4,4'diyl) difluoren-9-ol (WEB24) and 1â ´ ,1â ¶,5â ´,5â ¶-tetrahydroxy-2,4,6,8-tetrapentyl-3â ´,3â ¶,7â ´,7â ¶-tetra(p-toluenesulfonyl-oxy)-1,3,5, 7(1,3)-tetrabenzenacyclooctaphane (TTRSC) were investigated. Each of these host compounds is bulky and rigid and in addition contains high-affinity functional groups which can engage in specific host-guest interactions, such as hydrogen bonding.
Franzyshen, Stephen Keith. "Acidic and Chemical Properties of Molten Salt Hydrates." W&M ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625305.
Повний текст джерелаKilinkissa, Ornella Edlyne Youdaga. "Physical chemical properties of selected pharmaceutical co-crystals." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/731.
Повний текст джерелаThe solid state modification of a given active pharmaceutical ingredient is a desired way to alter its physicochemical properties, such as solubility or bioavailability. The solubilitymelting point relationship of the ensuing co-crystal or salt is not fully understood. In this thesis, a series of model co-crystals and pharmaceutical co-crystals and salts of baclofen were investigated. The model co-crystals were prepared from 4,4’-bipyridine (BIPY) and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (ETBIPY) used as host compounds which were combined with a series of carboxylic acids as co-formers, such as p-toluic acid (PTA), rac-phenylbutyric acid (racPBA), racemic and S-phenylsuccinic acid (racPSA and S-PSA, respectively). In the second part, six new multicomponent crystals of baclofen (BAC, (RS) 4-amino-3-(4- chlorophenyl)-butanoic acid), were prepared with mono- and dicarboxylic acids: two pharmaceutical co-crystals obtained with benzoic acid (BAC•BA) and p-toluic acid (BAC•PTA) and four pharmaceutical salts with 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, (BAC+)(HNA-), oxalic acid, 2(BAC+)(OA2-), maleic acid, (BAC+)(MA-) and p-toluene sulfonic acid, (BAC+)(PTSA-)•IPA. The compounds prepared were analysed by single crystal and powder X-ray diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry and their solubility was measured in water and ethanol. From the analysis of the model co-crystals it was concluded that their aqueous solubility is inversely related to the melting point values and this can be explained by packing features. Also, the introduction of a chiral building block, compared to its racemic counterpart, is a valuable way to limit the formation of the intermolecular interactions in the new multicomponent crystal and thus decrease the efficiency of the packing which eventually leads to lower melting points and better solubility. The analysis of the baclofen crystals suggests that a strong, robust and predictable hydrogen bonding network with a combination of molecular building blocks which show acceptable molecular flexibility is a good recipe for successful co-crystal design.
Glicerina, Virginia Teresa <1979>. "Physico-chemical and microstructural properties of food dispersions." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6412/1/Glicerina_Virginia_tesi.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLe proprietà macroscopiche di dispersioni alimentari a base oleosa tra cui quelle reologiche, meccaniche e sensoriali (consistenza, texture, palatabilità, viscosità, stabilità fisica, ecc.) sono fortemente influenzate dalla loro microstruttura che è considerata un parametro chiave nella comprensione del “comportamento macroscopico” degli alimenti. In particolar modo le proprietà reologiche di tali matrici alimentari sono direttamente influenzate sia dalla formulazione che dal processo di produzione. Durante la produzione di cioccolato e/o surrogati a base di cacao, miscele di zucchero, cacao e grassi vengono riscaldate, raffreddate, pressurizzate e raffinate (Beckett 2000). Questi operazioni tecnologiche la contribuiscono a ridurre la dimensione delle particelle, a rompere gli agglomerati e a distribuire grassi e lecitina attorno alle singole particelle, modificandone la loro microstruttura . Poiché le proprietà macroscopiche di tali matrici alimentari sono fortemente determinate dalla loro microstruttura, la valutazione delle caratteristiche microstrutturali risulta essere molto importante al fine di studiare e ottenere dettagliate informazioni sulla loro complessità. Il presente studio si è proposto pertanto di valutare, mediante tecniche dirette di microscopia ed indirette di laser light diffraction, l’influenza delle diverse formulazioni e di ogni singola fase del processo produttivo sulle proprietà microstrutturali di: sistemi modello a base oleosa, cioccolato fondente, al latte e bianco e surrogati a base di cacao. Parallelamente sono state investigate le relazioni esistenti tra le caratteristiche micro strutturali delle suddette matrici e le loro proprietà reologiche e chimico-fisiche.
Glicerina, Virginia Teresa <1979>. "Physico-chemical and microstructural properties of food dispersions." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6412/.
Повний текст джерелаLe proprietà macroscopiche di dispersioni alimentari a base oleosa tra cui quelle reologiche, meccaniche e sensoriali (consistenza, texture, palatabilità, viscosità, stabilità fisica, ecc.) sono fortemente influenzate dalla loro microstruttura che è considerata un parametro chiave nella comprensione del “comportamento macroscopico” degli alimenti. In particolar modo le proprietà reologiche di tali matrici alimentari sono direttamente influenzate sia dalla formulazione che dal processo di produzione. Durante la produzione di cioccolato e/o surrogati a base di cacao, miscele di zucchero, cacao e grassi vengono riscaldate, raffreddate, pressurizzate e raffinate (Beckett 2000). Questi operazioni tecnologiche la contribuiscono a ridurre la dimensione delle particelle, a rompere gli agglomerati e a distribuire grassi e lecitina attorno alle singole particelle, modificandone la loro microstruttura . Poiché le proprietà macroscopiche di tali matrici alimentari sono fortemente determinate dalla loro microstruttura, la valutazione delle caratteristiche microstrutturali risulta essere molto importante al fine di studiare e ottenere dettagliate informazioni sulla loro complessità. Il presente studio si è proposto pertanto di valutare, mediante tecniche dirette di microscopia ed indirette di laser light diffraction, l’influenza delle diverse formulazioni e di ogni singola fase del processo produttivo sulle proprietà microstrutturali di: sistemi modello a base oleosa, cioccolato fondente, al latte e bianco e surrogati a base di cacao. Parallelamente sono state investigate le relazioni esistenti tra le caratteristiche micro strutturali delle suddette matrici e le loro proprietà reologiche e chimico-fisiche.
Delle, Site Luigi. "Ab initio study of water." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322621.
Повний текст джерелаBONARI, GIANMARIA. "DIFFERENT HABITAT AND TAXA: VARIOUS APPROACHES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR A LONG-SIGHTED MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1010508.
Повний текст джерелаBengtsson, Felix. "Depth-resolved Raman Spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy to Evaluate the Structural and Chemical Properties of Chemically Strenghtened Glasses." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets fysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-427072.
Повний текст джерелаTrevett, Adrian S. "The mechanical properties of hydrogel polymers." Thesis, Aston University, 1991. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9692/.
Повний текст джерелаHenriksson, Marielle. "Cellulose nanocomosite films : processing, structure and properties." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-350.
Повний текст джерелаSwaddling, Paul. "The chemical and magnetic structures of rare-earth superlattices and thin films." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670271.
Повний текст джерелаJohnson, Carter David. "Examination of lignocellulosic fibers for chemical, thermal, and separations properties addressing thermo-chemical stability issues /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
Знайти повний текст джерелаZhou, Qian. "Thermophysical Properties of Ionic LiquidâLiX Mixtures." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07062009-150951/.
Повний текст джерелаDemarquette, Nicole Raymonde. "Nonlinear viscoelastic properties of polystyrene solutions." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60004.
Повний текст джерелаThe steady shear stress was found to be independent of shear rate at high shear rates. The Cox-Merz rule was found to be valid for concentrations less than 0.199 g.cm$ sp{-3}$, but a deviation from the rule was observed for higher concentrations. Sigmoidal damping functions, based on both the shear stress measurements and the birefringence measurements, were determined. The exponential stress coefficient and the third normal stress difference were calculated from experimental data for different values of exponential rate constant and different strain scale factor. The exponential rate constant was shown to have a strong influence on both the exponential stress coefficient and the third normal stress difference.