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Книги з теми "Chemical inputs"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Swain, L. G. Second report on chemical sensitivity of B.C. lakes to acidic inputs. [B.C.]: Ministry of Environment and Parks, Province of British Columbia, 1987.

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2

Sp, Palaniappan, ed. Agricultural inputs and environment. Jodhpur: Scientific Publishers, 1995.

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3

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Low input farming systems: Benefits and barriers : seventy-fourth report. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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4

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Environment, Energy, and Natural Resources Subcommittee. Environmental and economic benefits of low-input farming: Hearing before a subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, second session, April 28, 1988. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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5

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Environment, Energy, and Natural Resources Subcommittee. Environmental and economic benefits of low-input farming: Hearing before a subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, second session, April 28, 1988. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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6

Ganina, Vera, Lyudmila Borisova, Viktoriya Morozova, Irina Smirnova, and Elena Yurova. Production control of dairy products. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1865668.

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The textbook discusses the basics of production control, which is carried out at the enterprises of the dairy industry. The requirements of regulatory documents for quality indicators of various groups of dairy products are systematically stated, the procedure and methods of input control of raw materials, as well as control during the technological process and finished products are indicated. For a better perception of the material, standard schemes are given with the allocation of the main points of technical control of physico-chemical and microbiological indicators in the process of dairy production technology. It is intended for university students studying in the field of training "Animal food products", as well as for employees of dairy enterprises whose activities are related to quality control in production laboratories.

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7

Fred, Kuchler, and United States. Dept. of Agriculture. Economic Research Service, eds. Chemical inputs and food safety. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1993.

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8

Lippmann, Morton, and Richard B. Schlesinger. Characterization of Contaminants and Environments. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190688622.003.0002.

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This chapter describes the extensive scientific terminology needed to describe the various classes of chemical contaminants as they occur in environmental media (air, water, soil, etc.) and the structural aspects and dynamic mass and energy transfers within and among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. It also introduces: the characteristics of occupational environments; health effects attributable to occupational and environmental exposures; dose response relationships in populations; and how they are affected by anthropogenic (human activity caused) inputs and disruptions.

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9

Bromley, Lesley. The physiology of acute pain. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199234721.003.0001.

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Acute pain as a result of tissue damage is self-limiting. Impulses are generated in primary sensory nerves by chemical mediators released from the damaged tissues. The spinal cord receives these impulses in the dorsal horn. At the level of the spinal cord, the impulses can be amplified or reduced in amplitude by descending inputs. At the level of the spinal cord, the representation of the painful area and the sensitivity of other, surrounding areas can be modified. At the level of the brainstem and thalamus, further modification can take place. The final perception of the pain can be modified by other central phenomena such as anxiety and fear. New imaging techniques have allowed a greater understanding of cortical representation of pain. The role of the glia in maintaining painful states is evolving.

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10

Martin, Colin. Wreck-Site Formation Processes. Edited by Ben Ford, Donny L. Hamilton, and Alexis Catsambis. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199336005.013.0002.

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The environmental settings within which shipwrecks occur are matters of chance rather than of choice. It is primarily the wreck and not its physical context that is of consequence to nautical archaeologists. No two wreck-site formations are the same, since the complex and interacting variables that constitute the environmental setting, the nature of the ship, and the circumstances of its loss combine to create a set of attributes unique to each site. The dynamic phase, which begins with the event of shipwreck, is characterized by the wreck's status as an environmental anomaly. It is unstable, lacks integration with its surroundings, and is prone to further disintegration and dispersal by external influences. The chemical and physical properties of water cause reactions with the metals. Understanding these natural processes in the context of the distinctively anthropogenic inputs, this article characterizes archaeology as an essential prerequisite to the interpretation of any shipwreck.

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11

Koch, Christof. Biophysics of Computation. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195104912.001.0001.

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Neural network research often builds on the fiction that neurons are simple linear threshold units, completely neglecting the highly dynamic and complex nature of synapses, dendrites, and voltage-dependent ionic currents. Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons challenges this notion, using richly detailed experimental and theoretical findings from cellular biophysics to explain the repertoire of computational functions available to single neurons. The author shows how individual nerve cells can multiply, integrate, or delay synaptic inputs and how information can be encoded in the voltage across the membrane, in the intracellular calcium concentration, or in the timing of individual spikes. Key topics covered include the linear cable equation; cable theory as applied to passive dendritic trees and dendritic spines; chemical and electrical synapses and how to treat them from a computational point of view; nonlinear interactions of synaptic input in passive and active dendritic trees; the Hodgkin-Huxley model of action potential generation and propagation; phase space analysis; linking stochastic ionic channels to membrane-dependent currents; calcium and potassium currents and their role in information processing; the role of diffusion, buffering and binding of calcium, and other messenger systems in information processing and storage; short- and long-term models of synaptic plasticity; simplified models of single cells; stochastic aspects of neuronal firing; the nature of the neuronal code; and unconventional models of sub-cellular computation. Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons serves as an ideal text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in cellular biophysics, computational neuroscience, and neural networks, and will appeal to students and professionals in neuroscience, electrical and computer engineering, and physics.

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12

Environmental and economic benefits of low-input farming. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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13

Cook, PG, and AL Herczeg. Groundwater Chemical Methods for Recharge Studies - Part 2. CSIRO Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643105348.

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These notes are restricted to those geochemical methods which have been used to quantify rates of groundwater recharge. There have been two main approaches. The first involves the use of mass balances and mixing cell models, mainly using conservative (non-reacting) dissolved species. The methods range in complexity from simple back-of-the-envelope calculations (zero-dimensional chloride mass balance), to complex three-dimensional computer models. The second approach seeks to estimate the age or residence time of the groundwater by measuring compounds which are radioactive, or whose input to the aquifer has been changing over time (chlorofluorocarbons). In this report, the methodology and case examples are described. References to further information on the techniques are also provided.

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14

Crop protection in organic and low input agriculture: Options for reducing agrochemical usage. Farnham: British Crop Protection Council, 1990.

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15

Council, British Crop Protection, ed. Crop protection in organic and low input agriculture: Options for reducing agricultural usage. Farnham: BCPC Registered Office, 1990.

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16

Pittelkow, Mark R., Charles L. Loprinzi, and Thomas P. Pittelkow. Pruritus and sweating in palliative medicine. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0112.

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Itching (pruritus) and sweating (perspiration, diaphoresis) are physiological functions of the skin that normally serve human existence well. Itching is the sensory input arising from the skin and mucous membranes that alerts man to potentially harmful insults from physical, chemical, and biological sources. The reflex of scratching is closely linked to the perception of itch, and in most situations functions effectively as an aversive motor response to relieve the sensation and protect the skin. Similarly, sweating is a well-developed and finely coordinated sudomotor response designed to regulate body temperature and prevent hyperthermia. However, both pruritus and sweating have the potential to function aberrantly and develop into pathological conditions that create significant suffering and morbidity. This chapter provides a practical overview of the normal function and pathophysiology of pruritus and sweating, and offer a variety of therapeutic options and general comforting measures for patients experiencing these maladies.

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17

Crop protection in organic and low input agriculture: Options for reducing agrochemical usage : proceedings of a symposium organised by The British Crop Protection Council, held at Churchill College, Cambridge, UK, 4th-6th September,1990. Farnham, Surrey: British Crop Protection Council, 1990.

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18

Calvert, Jack, Abdelwahid Mellouki, John Orlando, Michael Pilling, and Timothy Wallington. Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Oxygenates. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199767076.001.0001.

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Prepared by an international team of eminent atmospheric scientists, Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Oxygenates is an authoritative source of information on the role of oxygenates in the chemistry of the atmosphere. The oxygenates, including the many different alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, and nitrogen-atom containing oxygenates, are of special interest today due to their increased use as alternative fuels and fuel additives. This book describes the physical properties of oxygenates, as well as the chemical and photochemical parameters that determine their reaction pathways in the atmosphere. Quantitative descriptions of the pathways of the oxygenates from release or formation in the atmosphere to final products are provided, as is a comprehensive review and evaluation of the extensive kinetic literature on the atmospheric chemistry of the different oxygenates and their many halogen-atom substituted analogues. This book will be of interest to modelers of atmospheric chemistry, environmental scientists and engineers, and air quality planning agencies as a useful input for development of realistic modules designed to simulate the atmospheric chemistry of the oxygenates, their major oxidation products, and their influence on ozone and other trace gases within the troposhere.

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19

Salinas-Rodríguez, Sergio G., Juan Arévalo, Juan Manuel Ortiz, Eduard Borràs-Camps, Victor Monsalvo-Garcia, Maria D. Kennedy, and Abraham Esteve-Núñez, eds. Microbial Desalination Cells for Low Energy Drinking Water. IWA Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789062120.

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The world's largest demonstrator of a revolutionary energy system in desalination for drinking water production is in operation. MIDES uses Microbial Desalination Cells (MDC) in a pre-treatment step for reverse osmosis (RO), for simultaneous saline stream desalination and wastewater treatment. MDCs are based on bio-electro-chemical technology, in which biological wastewater treatment can be coupled to the desalination of a saline stream using ion exchange membranes without external energy input. MDCs simultaneously treat wastewater and perform desalination using the energy contained in the wastewater. In fact, an MDC can produce around 1.8 kWh of bioelectricity from the energy contained in 1 m3 of wastewater. Compared to traditional RO, more than 3 kWh/m3 of electrical energy is saved. With this novel technology, two low-quality water streams (saline stream, wastewater) are transformed into two high-quality streams (desalinated water, treated wastewater) suitable for further uses. An exhaustive scaling-up process was carried out in which all MIDES partners worked together on nanostructured electrodes, antifouling membranes, electrochemical reactor design and optimization, life cycle assessment, microbial electrochemistry and physiology expertise, and process engineering and control. The roadmap of the lab-MDC upscaling goes through the assembly of a pre-pilot MDC, towards the development of the demonstrator of the MDC technology (patented). Nominal desalination rate between 4-11 Lm-2h-1 is reached with a current efficiency of 40 %. After the scalability success, two MDC pilot plants were designed and constructed consisting of one stack of 15 MDC pilot units with a 0.4 m2 electrode area per unit. This book presents the information generated throughout the EU funded MIDES project and includes the latest developments related to desalination of sea water and brackish water by applying microbial desalination cells. ISBN: 9781789062113 (Paperback) ISBN: 9781789062120 (eBook)

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