Дисертації з теми "Chaos Detection"
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1
Schneider, Judith. "Dynamical structures and manifold detection in 2D and 3D chaotic flows." Phd thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973637420.
2
Engler, Joseph John. "Characterization of normality of chaotic systems including prediction and detection of anomalies." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/961.
Анотація:
Accurate prediction and control pervades domains such as engineering, physics, chemistry, and biology. Often, it is discovered that the systems under consideration cannot be well represented by linear, periodic nor random data. It has been shown that these systems exhibit deterministic chaos behavior. Deterministic chaos describes systems which are governed by deterministic rules but whose data appear to be random or quasi-periodic distributions.
Deterministically chaotic systems characteristically exhibit sensitive dependence upon initial conditions manifested through rapid divergence of states initially close to one another. Due to this characterization, it has been deemed impossible to accurately predict future states of these systems for longer time scales. Fortunately, the deterministic nature of these systems allows for accurate short term predictions, given the dynamics of the system are well understood. This fact has been exploited in the research community and has resulted in various algorithms for short term predictions.
Detection of normality in deterministically chaotic systems is critical in understanding the system sufficiently to able to predict future states. Due to the sensitivity to initial conditions, the detection of normal operational states for a deterministically chaotic system can be challenging. The addition of small perturbations to the system, which may result in bifurcation of the normal states, further complicates the problem. The detection of anomalies and prediction of future states of the chaotic system allows for greater understanding of these systems.
The goal of this research is to produce methodologies for determining states of normality for deterministically chaotic systems, detection of anomalous behavior, and the more accurate prediction of future states of the system. Additionally, the ability to detect subtle system state changes is discussed. The dissertation addresses these goals by proposing new representational techniques and novel prediction methodologies. The value and efficiency of these methods are explored in various case studies.
Presented is an overview of chaotic systems with examples taken from the real world. A representation schema for rapid understanding of the various states of deterministically chaotic systems is presented. This schema is then used to detect anomalies and system state changes. Additionally, a novel prediction methodology which utilizes Lyapunov exponents to facilitate longer term prediction accuracy is presented and compared with other nonlinear prediction methodologies. These novel methodologies are then demonstrated on applications such as wind energy, cyber security and classification of social networks.
3
Xu, Yanjun. "Modulation and detection schemes based on chaotic attractors properties : application to wideband transmissions." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000278/.
Анотація:
Au cours des vingt dernières années, les systèmes de communications basés sur le chaos ont été étudiés, avec pour objectif la possibilité de générer les signaux large-bande par des circuits électroniques simples, permettant une faible complexité des circuits émetteurs-récepteurs. Cette thèse concerne l’étude de systèmes de transmissions large-bande basés sur le chaos, en utilisant certaines propriétés des attracteurs chaotiques. Tout d’abord, un système dynamique a été choisi et étudié, permettant de générer des signaux chaotiques qui possèdent des composantes périodiques. L’analyse de ces attracteurs chaotiques cycliques (CCA) met en évidence des propriétés spécifiques en lien avec leur période. Ensuite, deux schémas de modulation basés sur les CCAs sont proposés. Les détections non-cohérentes associées sont réalisées par l’observation des propriétés spécifiques des signaux rec¸us. L’évaluation des performances des systèmes basés sur les CCAs dans le cas d’un canal de bruit additif Gaussien montre des performances meilleures que celles des systèmes dits ”differential chaos shift keying (DCSK)”, en bas débit de symboles. En outre, les performances dans le cas multi-trajet sont comparables dans la bande de 2,4 GHzIn the past twenty years, chaos-based communication systems have been studied, considering the possibility of generating wideband signals by simple electronic circuits, hence low complexity in transceiver. The aim of this thesis is to study the chaos-based wideband transmission systems relying on the properties of chaotic attractors. Firstly, a dynamical system is selected and studied, allowing to generate the chaotic signals with a periodic component. The analysis of such chaotic cyclic attractors (CCA) shows the specific properties. Then, two CCA-based modulation schemes are proposed, with the simple noncoherent detections realized by observing the specific properties of the received signals. The performance evaluation of CCA-based systems in the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel shows a better noise performance with long symbol duration, compared to the one of differentially chaos shift keying (DCSK). In addition, they have a comparable multipath performance in the 2. 4 GHz ISM environment
4
Ghosh, Dastidar Samanwoy. "Models of EEG data mining and classification in temporal lobe epilepsy: wavelet-chaos-neural network methodology and spiking neural networks." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180459585.
5
Ismail, Ali Rida. "Commensurable and Chaotic Nano-Contact Vortex Oscillator (NCVO) study for information processing." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0003.
Анотація:
La quantité de données utilisées dans les technologies de l'information augmente considérablement. Cela s'accompagne de la prolifération de technologies électroniques très avancées. Les problèmes thermiques, résultant de ces grands processus de données, imposent l'utilisation de nouvelles technologies et de nouveaux paradigmes à la place des circuits CMOS. Les dispositifs spintroniques sont l'une des nombreuses alternatives proposées jusqu'à présent dans la littérature. Dans ce travail, nous considérons un dispositif spintronique appelé oscillateur vortex à nano-contact (NCVO), qui a récemment commencé à attirer l'attention en raison de sa dynamique riche et variable. Cet oscillateur est actionné par un courant continu de polarisation et soumis à un champ magnétique, qui détermine sa dynamique de sortie. L'utilisation pratique du NCVO nécessite l'existence d'un modèle précis qui imite son aimantation de sortie et la trajectoire du vortex tournant autour du centre dans la couche supérieure de l'appareil. Ces deux variables sont nécessaires au calcul de la résistance équivalente du NCVO. Pour cela, nous construisons dans ce travail de thèse un modèle pour le NCVO produisant ces deux variables en utilisant une approche de calcul réservoir appelée réseau piloté par conceptor. Le réseau est formé sur les données NCVO acquises par simulation micromagnétique. Le modèle construit capture avec succès la dynamique du NCVO dans ses différents régimes (chaotique, périodique et quasi-périodique) avec un passage facile entre les régimes. Le même réseau est ensuite utilisé pour la détection du chaos dans la série des temps d'entrée. La méthode de détection de chaos proposée s'est révélée efficace et plus robuste par rapport aux méthodes existantes. Enfin, le modèle NCVO est exploité pour la génération de nombres véritablement aléatoires (TRNG) où une conception matérielle, alimentée par un signal chaotique généré par le modèle, est proposée. Cette conception a montré la capacité de concurrencer les techniques RNG existantes en termes de vitesse, de coût et de qualitéThe amount of data used in information technology is increasing dramatically. This comes with the proliferation of highly advanced electronic technologies. The thermal issues, rising as an effect of such large data processes, impose the usage of novel technologies and paradigms in place of CMOS circuits. Spintronic devices are one of many alternatives proposed so far in the literature. In this work, we consider a spintronic device called nano-contact vortex oscillator (NCVO), which has recently begun to gain attention due to its rich and variable dynamics. This oscillators is operated by an bias DC current and subjected in a magnetic field, that determines it output dynamics. The practical use of the NCVO requires the existence of an accurate model that imitates its output magnetization and the vortex's trajectory rotating around the center in the upper layer of the device. These two variables are needed for the calculation of the equivalent resistance of the NCVO. For that, we build in this PhD work a model for the NCVO producing these two variables using a reservoir computing approach called conceptor-driven network. The network is trained on NCVO data gained by micromagnetic simulation. The built model successfully captures the NCVO dynamics in its different regimes (chaotic, periodic, and quasi- periodic) with an easy shift between regimes. The same network is used then for the detection of chaos in the input-times series. The proposed chaos-detection method has shown to be efficient and more robust compared to existing methods. Finally, the NCVO model is exploited for truly random number generation (TRNG) where a hardware design, fed by a chaotic signal generated by the model, is proposed. This design has shown the ability to compete existing RNG techniques in terms of speed, cost, and quality
6
Bzikha, Ihssane. "Comparison and development of advanced wiring fault detection methods on coaxial cables." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0119.
Анотація:
Dans cette thèse, nous présentons de nouvelles approches pour la détection de défauts sur des structures filaires plus ou moins complexes. L’idée est de trouver une nouvelle approche pour surmonter les difficultés des techniques de réflectométrie standards. Tout d’abord, des techniques de débruitage doivent être appliquées, telles que la décomposition en mode empirique (EMD), la décomposition moyenne locale (LMD), ou la transformée des ondelettes discrète (DWT). Ces trois méthodes décomposent un signal en plusieurs niveaux de reconstruire un signal utile. On montre dans ce manuscrit que l’EMD est la méthode la plus efficace, bien que limitée par les effets de bords. Ensuite, l’analyse temps fréquence est utilisée afin de détecter et localiser les défauts sur le câblage. Cette approche, basée sur la transformation de Fourier, ne permet de détecter les défauts de câblage que si le niveau de bruit est faible d’où l’intérêt de la première étape de débruitage. Par ailleurs, on propose aussi une approche bayésienne utile notamment lorsque la complexité du système augmente. Sa réponse est basée sur l’estimation des paramètres et des distributions à priori. Dans ce manuscrit, l’approche bayésienne est décrite mathématiquement puis les résultats validant l’approche sont présentés en analysant en particulier les paramètres qui affectent la performance de la méthode. Enfin, nous utilisons une approche de la réflectométrie chaotique temporelle basée sur les propriétés du signal chaotique. Les résultats montrent que cette méthode est capable de synthétiser des signaux et de localiser les défauts de câblage sans prétraitement ou informations a prioriIn this thesis, we present new approaches of soft fault detection and location in simple andcomplex wire networks. The idea is to find a new approach to overcome the difficulties withstandard reflectometry techniques. We prove that before applying post-treatment methods,denoising techniques should be applied, such as empirical mode decomposition (EMD), localmean decomposition (LMD), or the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). These three methodsdecompose a signal into multiple levels to threshold them before signal reconstruction.Testing several applications shows that EMD is the most efficient method, although it hassome limitations as side effects. After the denoising step, the wiring faults can be detected.Time–frequency analysis is employed at this step. This approach, based on the FourierTransform, is able to detect wiring faults only if the noise level is low. To overcome thisdifficulty, the Bayesian approach is beneficial when system complexity increases. Its responseis based on estimation of prior parameters and prior distributions. In this work, the Bayesianapproach is applied via a formal mathematical study followed by simulation results validatingthe proposed approach, with analysis of the parameters that affect the method’s performance.In the domain of soft fault location, we derive a chaos time domain reflectometry approachbased on chaotic signal properties. Our simulation and experimental results prove that thismethod can synthesize signals and localize the soft fault position without the need forsupplemental methods
7
Halimi, Meriem. "Observation et détection de modes pour la synchronisation des systèmes chaotiques : une approche unifiée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0182.
Анотація:
Le travail développé dans ce manuscrit porte sur la synchronisation des systèmes chaotiques. Il est articulé autour de deux axes principaux: la synthèse d'observateur et la détection de mode. Dans un premier temps, quelques rappels sur le chaos et les principales architectures de systèmes de chiffrement chaotiques sont effectués. Ensuite, nous montrons comment les systèmes chaotiques à non linéarité polynomiale ou affines à commutation peuvent se réécrire sous forme LPV polytopique. Une revue des principaux résultats sur la synthèse d'observateurs LPV polytopiques reposant sur l'utilisation des LMI est faite. Une extension des résultats aux observateurs polytopiques à entrées inconnues, à la fois dans le cas déterministe, bruité ou incertain est proposée. Ces observateurs assurent la synchronisation du chaos et donc le déchiffrement dans les systèmes de chiffrement "modulation paramétrique", "commutation chaotique", "transmission à deux canaux" et "chiffrement par inclusion". Pour les systèmes affines à commutation utilisés en tant que générateur du chaos, le cas où l'état discret n'est pas accessible est considéré. Une présentation unifiée des méthodes fondées sur les espaces de parité, proposées dans la littérature pour les systèmes linéaires et affines à commutation à temps discret, est réalisée. Le problème de discernabilité fait l'objet d'une étude approfondie. Une approche pour estimer les retards variables des systèmes affines et affines à commutation à temps discret, formulée en termes de détection de mode, est proposée en tant que solution à l'estimation de retard pour le chiffrement par injection de retardThe work developed in this manuscript addresses the synchronization of chaotic systems. It is organized around two main axes: the observer synthesis and the mode detection. In a first step, we recall the main architectures of chaotic encryption systems and show how chaotic systems with polynomial nonlinearities or switched affine dynamics can be rewritten in a polytopic LPV form. A review of the main LMI based results for polytopic LPV observers synthesis is made. An extension to polytopic unknown input observers, both in the deterministic case and noisy or uncertain case, is proposed. These observers ensure chaos synchronization and information recovering in the framework of the following encryption systems: "parametric modulation", "chaotic switching", "two channels transmission" and "inclusion encryption". For affine switched systems used as a generator of chaos, the case where the discrete state is not available is considered. A unified presentation of mode detection methods based on parity spaces proposed in the literature for linear and affine switched discrete time systems is proposed. The problem of discernibility is the subject of a complete study. An approach to estimate time varying delays for affine switched discrete time systems, formulated in terms of mode detection, is proposed as a solution for delay injection encryption
8
Navarro, Xavier. "Analysis of cerebral and respiratory activity in neonatal intensive care units for the assessment of maturation and infection in the early premature infant." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979727.
Анотація:
This Ph.D. dissertation processes and analyzes signals from the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) for the study of maturity, systemic infection (sepsis) and the influence of immunization in the premature newborn. A special attention is payed to the electroencephalography and the breathing signal. The former is often contaminated by several sources of noise, thus methods based on the signals decomposition and optimal noise cancellation, adapted to the characteristics of the immature EEG, were proposed and evaluated objectively on real and simulated signals. By means of the EEG and delta burst analysis, detected automatically by a proposed classifier, infant's maturation and the effects of vaccination are studied. Concerning the second signal, breathing, non-linear and fractal methods are adapted to evaluate maturity and sepsis. A robustness study of estimation methods is also conducted, showing that the Hurst exponent, estimated on respiratory variability signals, is a good detector of infection.
9
Halimi, Meriem. "Observation et détection de modes pour la synchronisation des systèmes chaotiques : une approche unifiée." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00942426.
Анотація:
Le travail développé dans ce manuscrit porte sur la synchronisation des systèmes chaotiques. Il est articulé autour de deux axes principaux : la synthèse d'observateur et la détection de modes. Dans un premier temps, quelques rappels sur le chaos et les principales architectures de systèmes de chi ffrement chaotiques sont e ffectués. Ensuite, nous montrons comment les systèmes chaotiques à non linéarité polynomiale ou affi nes à commutation peuvent se réécrire sous forme LPV polytopique. Une revue des principaux résultats sur la synthèse d'observateurs LPV polytopiques reposant sur l'utilisation des LMI est faite. Une extension des résultats aux observateurs polytopiques à entrées inconnues, à la fois dans le cas déterministe, bruité ou incertain est proposée. Ces observateurs assurent la synchronisation du chaos et donc le déchiff rement dans les systèmes de chiff rement "modulation paramétrique", "commutation chaotique", "transmission à deux canaux" et "chiff rement par inclusion". Pour les systèmes a ffines à commutation utilisés en tant que générateur du chaos, le cas où l'état discret n'est pas accessible est considéré. Une présentation unifi ée des méthodes fondées sur les espaces de parité, proposées dans la littérature pour les systèmes linéaires et affi nes à commutation à temps discret, est réalisée. Le problème de discernabilité fait l'objet d'une étude approfondie. Une approche pour estimer les retards variables des systèmes a ffines et affi nes à commutation à temps discret, formulée en termes de détection de modes, est proposée en tant que solution à l'estimation de retard pour le chiff rement par injection de retard.
10
Chao, Chengchung [Verfasser]. "Automatic Ultra Wideband Radar System for Life Detection of Hidden Humans / Chengchung Chao." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028798881/34.
11
Kuo, Chao-Chung [Verfasser], Filho Ivan Gesteira [Akademischer Betreuer] Costa, Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Zenke, and Björn [Akademischer Betreuer] Usadel. "Computational detection of triple helix binding domains in long non-coding RNAs / Chao-Chung Kuo ; Ivan Gesteira Costa Filho, Martin Zenke, Björn Usadel." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1211487601/34.
12
Kuo, Chao-Chung Verfasser], Filho Ivan Gesteira [Akademischer Betreuer] [Costa, Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Zenke, and Björn [Akademischer Betreuer] Usadel. "Computational detection of triple helix binding domains in long non-coding RNAs / Chao-Chung Kuo ; Ivan Gesteira Costa Filho, Martin Zenke, Björn Usadel." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1211487601/34.
13
Nauman, Callie A. "The Spatial and Temporal Distribution and Environmental Drivers of Saxitoxin in Northwest Ohio." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1589644025246293.
14
Chen, Wen Chyuan, and 陳文泉. "Detection of Signals in Chaos with Noise Reduction." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54158967842587714484.
15
Ambardar, Anthony R. "Π⁰ detection using the CHAOS spectrometer : a feasibility study". Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4234.
Анотація:
The CHAOS spectrometer has demonstrated its success in the study of physics involving
charged pions. Extending the capabilities of the spectrometer to allow studies with neutral pions
would expand the range of potential experiments and permit a greater understanding of the physics
dealt with in the CHAOS collaboration's research. Since the spectrometer is sensitive only to
charged particles, Π⁰'s must be detected via pair conversion of their decay γ's. In proceeding
through the steps of a Π⁰ cross-section measurement, from the details of optimizing detection to
aspects of analysis and normalizations, this thesis will help evaluate the suitability of CHAOS as
a Π⁰ detector.
16
Syu, Jhih-Yu, and 許芷瑜. "Epilepsy Detection Using Chaos Theory and Data Mining Techniques." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53403055138290333327.
Анотація:
碩士義守大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
99
This study uses Chaos Theory to explore epilepsy diagnosis from three sets of data variation of EEG signals, termed as the normal (Group H), pathogenesis (Group S), and after the onset (Group E) groups, with 100 plots for each group. Using the formulas of Chaos Theory to convert the EEG signal data, the Delay Time (τ), Embedding Dimension (dm), Correlation Dimension (CD), and the Largest Lyapunov Exponent (LLE) can be computed, and then the situations of whether the chaos phenomena occurs can be determined from the values of Correlation Dimension (CD) and Largest Lyapunov Exponent (LLE). Moreover, author uses the decision tree of data mining to find out the rules represented by Delay Time, Embedding Dimension, Correlation Dimension, and Largest Lyapunov Exponent. Thereafter, author predicts the testing set of Epilepsy to evaluate the accuracy of the decision tree method. From the analytical results, this study can effectively convert EEG signals data into Phase Space Dimension and also can achieve critical variations of parameters. Finally, this study can obtain the useful rules before and after onset of Epilepsy via the calculation of decision tree.
17
Wang, Wei-Cheng, and 王偉丞. "Chaos Differential Absorption Lidar for High-Resolution Range-Resolved Gas Concentration Detection." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k4c5r8.
18
Sun, Yifu. "Fault Detection in Dynamic Systems Using the Largest Lyapunov Exponent." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-05-9371.
Анотація:
A complete method for calculating the largest Lyapunov exponent is developed in this thesis. For phase space reconstruction, a time delay estimator based on the average mutual information is discussed first. Then, embedding dimension is evaluated according to the False Nearest Neighbors algorithm. To obtain the parameters of all of the sub-functions and their derivatives, a multilayer feedforward neural network is applied to the time series data, after the time delay and embedding dimension are fixed. The Lyapunov exponents can be estimated using the Jacobian matrix and the QR decomposition. The possible applications of this method are then explored for various chaotic systems. Finally, the method is applied to some real world data to demonstrate the general relationship between the onset and progression of faults and changes in the largest Lyapunov exponent of a nonlinear system.
19
Dorai, Arvind. "Automated Epileptic Seizure Onset Detection." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4342.
Анотація:
Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures due to abnormal or excessive neuronal activity in the brain. An estimated 50 million people around the world suffer from this condition, and it is classified as the second most serious neurological disease known to humanity, after stroke. With early and accurate detection of seizures, doctors can gain valuable time to administer medications and other such anti-seizure countermeasures to help reduce the damaging effects of this crippling disorder.
The time-varying dynamics and high inter-individual variability make early prediction of a seizure state a challenging task. Many studies have shown that EEG signals do have valuable information that, if correctly analyzed, could help in the prediction of seizures in epileptic patients before their occurrence. Several mathematical transforms have been analyzed for its correlation with seizure onset prediction and a series of experiments were done to certify their strengths. New algorithms are presented to help clarify, monitor, and cross-validate the classification of EEG signals to predict the ictal (i.e. seizure) states, specifically the preictal, interictal, and postictal states in the brain. These new methods show promising results in detecting the presence of a preictal phase prior to the ictal state.
20
Pepi, Chiara. "Suitability of dynamic identification for damage detection in the light of uncertainties on a cable stayed footbridge." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1187384.
Анотація:
Structural identification is a very important task especially in all those countries characterized by significant historical and architectural patrimony and strongly vulnerable infrastructures, subjected to inherent degradation with time and to natural hazards e.g. seismic loads. Structural response of existing constructions is usually estimated using suitable numerical models which are driven by a set of geometrical and/or mechanical parameters that are mainly unknown and/or affected by different levels of uncertainties. Some of these information can be obtained by experimental tests but it is practically impossible to have all the required data to have reliable response estimations.
For these reasons it is current practice to calibrate some of the significant unknown and/or uncertain geometrical and mechanical parameters using measurements of the actual response (static and/or dynamic) and solving an inverse structural problem. Model calibration is also affected by uncertainties due to the quality (e.g. signal to noise ratio, random properties) of the measured data and to the algorithms used to estimate structural parameters.
In this thesis a new robust framework to be used in structural identification is proposed in order to have a reliable numerical model that can be used both for random response estimation and for structural health monitoring. First a parametric numerical model of the existing structural system is developed and updated using probabilistic Bayesian framework. Second, virtual samples of the structural response affected by random loads are evaluated. Third, this virtual samples are used as virtual experimental response in order to analyze the uncertainties on the main modal parameters varying the number and time length of samples, the identification technique and the target response. Finally, the information given by the measurement uncertainties are used to assess the capability of vibration based damage identification method.
21
Kermani, Mohammad Arjomand. "The chaos detector and commissioning result." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4903.
Анотація:
The Canadian High Acceptance Orbit Spectrometer (CHAOS), which is a 360 degree
magnetic spectrometer designed for use in various πN experiments, is introduced. The
physics program, constituent elements of the detector, analysis techniques, and commis
sioning results are discussed. In particular, π+p elastic scattering data acquired at an
incident pion energy of 280 MeV with a singles trigger on a liquid hydrogen target are
presented.
22
Hampson, Karen M., Matthew P. Cufflin, and Edward A. H. Mallen. "Sensitivity of Chaos Measures in Detecting Stress in the Focusing Control Mechanism of the Short-Sighted Eye." 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/12300.
Анотація:
yesWhen fixating on a stationary object, the power of the eye’s lens fluctuates. Studies have suggested that changes in these so-called microfluctuations in accommodation may be a factor in the onset and progression of short-sightedness. Like many physiological signals, the fluctuations in the power of the lens exhibit chaotic behaviour. A breakdown or reduction in chaos in physiological systems indicates stress to the system or pathology. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the chaos in fluctuations of the power of the lens changes with refractive error, i.e. how short-sighted a subject is, and/or accommodative demand, i.e. the effective distance of the object that is being viewed. Six emmetropes (EMMs, non-short-sighted), six early-onset myopes (EOMs, onset of short-sightedness before the age of 15), and six late-onset myopes (LOMs, onset of short-sightedness after the age of 15) took part in the study. Accommodative microfluctuations were measured at 22 Hz using an SRW-5000 autorefractor at accommodative demands of 1 D (dioptres), 2 D, and 3 D. Chaos theory analysis was used to determine the embedding lag, embedding dimension, limit of predictability, and Lyapunov exponent. Topological transitivity was also tested for. For comparison, the power spectrum and standard deviation were calculated for each time record. The EMMs had a statistically significant higher Lyapunov exponent than the LOMs ( 0.64±0.330.64±0.33 vs. 0.39±0.20 D/s0.39±0.20 D/s ) and a lower embedding dimension than the LOMs ( 3.28±0.463.28±0.46 vs. 3.67±0.493.67±0.49 ). There was insufficient evidence (non-significant p value) of a difference between EOMs and EMMs or EOMs and LOMs. The majority of time records were topologically transitive. There was insufficient evidence of accommodative demand having an effect. Power spectrum analysis and assessment of the standard deviation of the fluctuations failed to discern differences based on refractive error. Chaos differences in accommodation microfluctuations indicate that the control system for LOMs is under stress in comparison to EMMs. Chaos theory analysis is a more sensitive marker of changes in accommodation microfluctuations than traditional analysis methods.
23
Šafrová, Zuzana. "Jean-Claude Izzo - "marseilleský polar" v českých překladech." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-397913.
Анотація:
This diploma thesis focuses on the most popular representative of the so-called "polar marseillais", which is Jean-Claude Izzo. The theoretical part briefly describes the development of the detective genre and the place of the detective novel in the framework of French literary production. It also deals with the position of the detective novel in the context of Czech literature and publishing. Secondly, Jean-Claude Izzo and his works will be presented in detail. Based on the information already presented, it will be possible to characterize the place of this author in connection to the French literary scene and to describe his function in the Czech environment. The main part of the work will be devoted to the translatological analysis and the critique of two Czech translations of Izzo's novels Totální chaos and Chourmo that together with Solea belong to his so-called 'Marseilles trilogy'.
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Van, der Linde G. P. L. (Gerhardus Philippus Leonardus). "Cognitive rationality and indeterminism in the contemporary detective novel, with special reference to the work of Umberto Eco, Carlo Emilio Gadda and Stanislaw Lem." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16256.
Анотація:
The study examines cognitive rationality as to()l for problemsolving within the context of a
movement from determinism and monolithic universal Reason towards indeterminism and plurality.
It is contended that theories of literature do not provide an adequate conceptual framework, and
therefore, extensive use is made of pluralist fallibilism (Popper, Helmut Spinner) and chaos theory.
The philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche is viewed as a decisive influence in the shift towards plurality
and scepticism. In chapter 2, Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories, a novel by Agatha Christie
and Gaston Leroux's Le mystere de Ia chambre jaune are discussed as examples of optimistic
rationalism. Chapter 3 indicates that Eco's II nome della rosa emphasizes the conjectural nature of
truth and objective knowledge, underpinned by a 'soft' rationalism which amounts to monopolistic
pluralism. Chapter 4 analyses the defeat of cognitive rationality by the complex interaction of a
multiplicity of independent causal series. The detectives' relationship with the feminine exemplifies
the interpenetration of rationality and the instinctual, while the mystery of the feminine is a
metaphor for impenetrable complexity. Chapter 5 shows that hypotheses concerning random
complex systems remain inconclusive. However, as the trajectory of a complex system can be
regulated, so reason can be viewed as the underlying regulative pattern (strange attractorl for an
infinite proliferation of hypotheses. Thus, despite .shifting conceptions of rationality and order, all
the detectives in the study accept objective truth as regulative principle and are involved in a
search for objective knowledgeAfrikaans & Theory of Literature
D.Litt. et Phil. (Theory of literature)