Статті в журналах: "Chafe"

1

Vargo, Lisa. "Prairie Chaff / Prairie Chafe: A View Towards the Dissensual." Oxford Literary Review 28, no. 1 (July 2006): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/olr.2006.015.

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2

McClary, Susan. "Monteverdi's Tonal Language Eric Chafe." Music Theory Spectrum 16, no. 2 (October 1994): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/746037.

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3

McClary, Susan. ": Monteverdi's Tonal Language . Eric Chafe." Music Theory Spectrum 16, no. 2 (October 1994): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mts.1994.16.2.02a00070.

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4

Walsh, Anne. "In Memoriam: Joanne Chafe (1951–2012)." Religious Education 108, no. 3 (May 2013): 260–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00344087.2013.783356.

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5

Carter, T. "Eric T. Chafe, Monteverdi's tonal language." Early Music XXI, no. 2 (May 1, 1993): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/em/xxi.2.277.

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6

Berger, Michael M. "Do Planners Really Chafe at Being Fair?" Land Use Law & Zoning Digest 41, no. 4 (April 1989): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00947598.1989.10395168.

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7

Greer, Mary J. "Review: Analyzing Bach Cantatas, by Eric Chafe." Journal of the American Musicological Society 55, no. 3 (2002): 538–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jams.2002.55.3.538.

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8

Anderson, Christopher. "NIH scientists chafe under ethics rules on industry ties." Nature 357, no. 6375 (May 1992): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/357180a0.

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9

Basso, Ellen. ": Evidentiality: The Linguistic Coding of Epistemology . Wallace Chafe, Johanna Nichols." American Anthropologist 90, no. 1 (March 1988): 216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1988.90.1.02a00770.

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10

Slobin, Dan I. "Obituary: Pioneer of thought-based linguistics: Wallace Chafe (1927–2019)." Linguistic Typology 23, no. 2 (July 26, 2019): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2019-0019.

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11

Bekeš, Andrej. "Relatedness of content and sentence formation in Japanese." Linguistica 33, no. 1 (December 1, 1993): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.33.1.19-34.

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Leech (1983: 63-70) distinguishes two kinds of pragmatics, interpersonal prag matics and textual pragmatics. Our article is concerned with textual pragmatics, spe cifically with the textual motivations behind a format such as a sentence in Japanese. Studying spontaneous spoken discourse, Chafe (1980) proposed two units of spoken discourse on the basis of phonetical and intonational criteria, i.e. the "idea unit" and the "intonation sentence". He finds justification for both units in cognitive processes as follows. Idea units, most often verbalized as clauses, are the linguistic expression of cognitive units that Chafe calls "foci of consciousness". A focus of consciousness is a chunk of information small enough to be processed and verbalized in one step. Next, an intonation sentence, consisting usually of several idea units (or sometimes just one) is the verbal expression of a larger cognitive unit, the "center of interest", a chunk of information too large to be verbalized in one step. Concerning the center of interest, Chafe puts forward the following hypothesis.

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12

Spiegler, Peter. "Lung Cancer Screening: Trying to Separate the Wheat From the Chafe." Clinical Pulmonary Medicine 13, no. 4 (July 2006): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.cpm.0000227392.70525.1f.

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13

Wan, Rong. "Review of Chafe (2018): Thought-based linguistics: How language turns thoughts into sounds." Review of Cognitive Linguistics 19, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rcl.00083.wan.

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14

Genovese, Michael A. "Private Lives/Public Consequences: Personality and Politics in Modern America ? William H. Chafe." Presidential Studies Quarterly 36, no. 4 (December 2006): 771–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2006.02579_8.x.

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15

Steenburg, David. "Chaos at the Marriage of Heaven and Hell." Harvard Theological Review 84, no. 4 (October 1991): 447–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816000017958.

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Blake's romantic genius could not but chafe at the theme of rational order and harmony that pervaded eighteenth-century science, art, and theology. Only spiritual blindness could be content with a world reducible to measure and mathematics. Blake longed for a grander synthesis—a celebration of human living beyond the antinomies of reason and passion, understanding and imagination, order and chaos. He longed for the marriage of heaven and hell.

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16

Attardo, Salvatore. "Review of Chafe (2007): The Importance of not Being Earnest. The Feeling Behind Laughter and Humor." Pragmatics and Cognition 19, no. 2 (August 10, 2011): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.19.2.11att.

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17

McClatchie, S. "The Tragic and the Ecstatic: The Musical Revolution of Wagner's Tristan und Isolde. By Eric Chafe." Music and Letters 88, no. 3 (August 1, 2007): 492–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ml/gcl117.

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18

Hofmeister, F. M., M. Yalon, S. Iida, and E. P. Goldberg. "In vitro evaluation of iris chafe protection afforded by hydrophilic surface modification of polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lenses." Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 14, no. 5 (September 1988): 514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0886-3350(88)80008-7.

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19

Butt, John. "ERIC CHAFE, Analyzing Bach Cantatas. New York and Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2000. xviii + 286 pp." Early Music History 21 (September 4, 2002): 259–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261127902232076.

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20

Westermeyer, Paul. "Tears into Wine: J. S. Bach’s Cantata 21 in its Musical and Theological Contexts by Eric Chafe." Lutheran Quarterly 30, no. 3 (2016): 345–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lut.2016.0075.

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21

Loewe, Andreas. "Tears into Wine: J. S. Bach’s Cantata 21 in its Musical and Theological Contexts. By Eric Chafe." Music and Letters 99, no. 4 (November 1, 2018): 674–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ml/gcy108.

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22

Allwood, Jens. "On Wallace Chafe's "How consciousness shapes language"." Pragmatics and Cognition 4, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.4.1.06all.

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It is argued that Wallace Chafe's approach of relating studies of mind and consciousness to studies of real spoken language interaction is precisely what is needed in linguistics and psycholinguistics. However, the way Chafe attempts to establish the link between spoken language and consciousness is, in several respects, in need of clarification. The paper critically examines several of Chafe's claims and points to areas — e.g., the notions of 'consciousness', 'intonation unit', and 'new idea' — where clarification or possible revision is needed.

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23

Smyth, Ronald H. "Contextual Motivation and Working Memory." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 33, no. 3 (September 1988): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100012974.

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This study examines certain properties of human memory which impose limits on topic accessibility in discourse. While the discussion is centred on so-called “dative” and “cleft” sentences in English, the work is motivated by more general concerns which have been variously referred to as “topicworthiness” (Thompson 1988), “information flow” (Chafe 1987; Kuno, 1987), “topic continuity” (Givón 1983), “degree of presuppositionality” (Givón 1979), “pragmatic perspective” (Dik 1978), “packaging phenomena” (Chafe 1976), “staging” (Grimes 1975), “communicative dynamism” (Firbas 1967), “the theme system” (Halliday 1967), and “linear modification” (Bolinger 1952). The term adopted here is “information flow”.One important aspect of the study of information flow is the attempt to determine the conditions under which speakers make selections from among alternative syntactic expressions of identical propositional meaning. While some of the motivation for such choices lies in sentence-internal factors such as the animacy or definiteness of NPs (e.g., Ransom 1979), I shall restrict the discussion here to the issue ofcontextual motivationas originally developed in Smyth (1977) and in Smyth et al (1979). A particular syntactic choice is said to be contextually motivated if the information flow features which govern it are external to the sentence, and the alternative structure is contextually inappropriate. Where contextual motivation is absent, I claim that either of the candidate syntactic forms is appropriate, although sentence-internal information flow factors may then exert a weaker influence on syntactic choice.

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24

Loewe, Andreas. "J. S. Bach’s Johannine Theology: The St John Passion and the Cantatas for Spring 1725. By Eric Chafe." Music and Letters 99, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 479–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ml/gcy061.

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25

Deng, Yu, and Huili Zhu. "Wallace Chafe, Thought-based linguistics: How languages turn thoughts into sounds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Pp. ix + 199." Journal of Linguistics 56, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226719000434.

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26

Delin, Judy. "Review of Chafe (1994): Discourse, Consciousness, and Time: The Flow and Displacement of Conscious Experience in Speaking and Writing." Functions of Language 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.3.1.08del.

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27

Berez-Kroeker, Andrea L. "Prosody as a genre-distinguishing feature in Ahtna." Functions of Language 18, no. 2 (October 12, 2011): 210–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.18.2.03ber.

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This article is a quantitative examination of the function of prosody in distinguishing between the genres of oral performance and expository discourse in Ahtna, an Athabascan language of south-central Alaska. Within the framework of the intonation unit (e.g., Chafe 1987) I examine features of prosody related to both timing (intonation unit length and duration, pause duration and distribution, and syllable pacing) and pitch (pitch reset, boundary tones, and intonational phrasing). I show to a statistically significant degree that most of the prosodic burden of distinguishing genre is carried by a particular intonation contour that is associated with Ahtna oral performance and causes several measurable distinctions between genres.

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28

Ossi, Massimo. "Review: Monteverdi's Tonal Language by Eric Chafe; The Song of the Soul: Understanding Poppea by Iain Fenlon, Peter N. Miller." Journal of the American Musicological Society 48, no. 3 (1995): 490–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3519836.

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29

Bragg, M., and W. H. Chafe. "Behind the Veil: Documenting African American Life in the Jim Crow South. A Conversation with Molly Bragg and William H. Chafe." Choice Reviews Online 53, no. 01 (August 18, 2015): NP. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.53.01.aa.

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30

Moder, Carol Lynn. "Two puzzle pieces." English Text Construction 3, no. 2 (October 11, 2010): 294–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.3.2.09mod.

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This study examines metaphorical expressions in American radio news magazines appearing in two linguistic forms: NP is a NP and It’s like NP. It integrates Blending Theory (Fauconnier & Turner 2002) with a usage-based approach to grammatical constructions (Goldberg 1995, 2006;Tomasello 2003, and Croft 2001) and analyzes the forms within their dynamic discourse context in terms of noun phrase accessibility (Chafe 1980, 1994; Givón 1983; Ariel 1988) and grounding (Langacker 1999, Oakley & Coulson 2008). The findings indicate that the functions of the grammatical constructions used in the metaphorical expressions were directly related to the non-metaphorical uses of the constructions and that the analysis of the ongoing discourse was essential to understanding the form-meaning pairings inherent in the expressions.

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31

Starks, Donna. "Planned vs Unplanned Discourse: Oral Narrative vs Conversation in Woods Cree." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 39, no. 4 (December 1994): 297–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100015437.

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Most research on Algonquian languages, of which Cree is a typical example, is based on collections of narrative texts (Wolfart 1973; Dahlstrom 1986; James 1986). Although there is nothing intrinsically wrong with this approach, the use of one particular type of database in such an extensive amount of research lends itself to a genre-biased description of the language. In oral cultures, many narrative texts are typically preplanned (Chafe 1985) and therefore will have, according to researchers in discourse analysis, many of the features of preplanned texts such as complete and longer sentences, higher clause density and a larger proportion of subordinate clauses (Brown and Yule 1985:151–117; Biber 1988:47). In addition, other language-specific features may occur.

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32

Sukamto, Katharina E. "Referential Choice in the Written Narratives of Indonesian Adults." Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa 9, no. 2 (December 27, 2020): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v9i2.2930.

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This study aims to describe the referential choice of two protagonist animate characters in a silent six-minute film entitled The Pear Story (Chafe, 1980). A total of 80 undergraduate and graduate Indonesian students were asked to watch the film and then retell the story by writing a narrative about the film in Indonesian. Findings indicate that when the protagonist animate referents are mentioned for the first time, a classifier seorang ‘a person’ is always used before the NP. When they are reactivated, they are mostly expressed by zero, pronouns dia or ia ‘he’, clitic –nya ‘his’ or ‘him’, NPs with determiners ini ‘this’, itu ‘that’, tersebut ‘aforementioned’, tadi ‘mentioned before’, NPs with relative clauses and NPs with definite articles si or sang ‘the’ which are often used in fables or tales. This study also demonstrates that the choice of anaphoric expressions of the protagonists is determined by factors such as referential distance and referential interference. This study confirms other cross-linguistic studies about referential choice – that there is a correlation between salience and referring expressions in discourse. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penggunaan acuan untuk dua tokoh utama dalam film bisu berdurasi enam menit yang berjudul The Pear Story (Chafe, 1980). Sebanyak 80 mahasiswa Indonesia tingkat Strata 1 dan Pascasarjana di sebuah universitas swasta diminta untuk menonton film tersebut dan kemudian menuliskan narasi mengenai film itu dalam bahasa Indonesia. Data menunjukkan bahwa jika referen kedua tokoh utama tersebut disebutkan untuk pertama kalinya, bentuk leksikal seorang selalu muncul sebelum frasa nomina (FN). Jika referennya diaktifkan kembali, maka yang digunakan adalah zero, pronomina dia atau ia, klitik –nya, FN + ini/itu/tersebut/tadi, FN + klausa relatif, dan si/sang + FN. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pilihan bentuk anaforik untuk kedua tokoh utama itu ditentukan oleh faktor jarak antara referen dan anteseden dan juga oleh adanya interferensi referen. Hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan penelitian lintas bahasa mengenai pilihan acuan, yaitu bahwa ada korelasi antara referen utama dan bentuk acuannya.

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33

Tenuta, Adriana Maria, and Ana Larissa Adorno Marciotto Oliveira. "THE FUNCTIONAL/COGNITIVE PRINCIPLE OF INFORMATION STRUCTURE IN TEXTS: DISCOURSE PRESSURES AND SYNTACTIC DEVICES FOR ENGLISH AS L2 LEARNERS." Linguagem em (Dis)curso 15, no. 1 (April 2015): 117–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-4017-150107-1914.

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Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study carried out to investigate the degree of perception of the thematic structure of the clause (theme and rheme) and the informational structure of a text (given and new elements) by Brazilian learners of English, undergraduate students from a Federal University in Brazil. The theoretical background relies on the principles of functional-cognitive linguistics, relative to how discourse impacts linguistic choices ( HALLIDAY 1985 CHAFE 1995 ). The corpus of this research consisted of a series of exercises that were administered to undergraduate students, English majors. The findings shed light to the fact that learners are still unaware of most processes involving grammar arrangements and the discourse flow, as they are not also very conscious of how grammar can impact the communicative intent of a written text.

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34

Clark, Caroline. "Evidence of evidentiality in the quality press 1993 and 2005." Corpora 5, no. 2 (November 2010): 139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2010.0103.

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In this paper, I adopt a diachronic approach to the analysis of the two large SiBol newspaper corpora, in order to examine and compare the expression of evidentiality ( Bednarek, 2006 ; Dendale and Tasmowski, 2001 ; and Chafe, 1986 ) – that is, how the writer's knowledge is marked as having been ‘seen’ or ‘heard’, etc., how the knowledge is attributed, and how it is passed on to the reader. Findings show an increased use of evidential markers over the thirteen-year period studied, and, at the same time, a shift in reporter usage of evidentiality towards hearsay evidence and the reporting of knowledge acquired by speculation. This is in keeping with other observations regarding an increased ‘vagueness’ in contemporary journalism (see Duguid, 2010 ), which is counterbalanced at times with an elevation of the newsworker's presence.

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35

Bernardo, Sandra Pereira, Naira De Almeida Velozo, and Caroline Martins. "Expressões metafóricas cotidianas." Signo 41, no. 70 (March 14, 2016): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17058/signo.v41i70.6143.

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Com base na teoria da metáfora conceptual (LAKOFF (2002[1980], KÖVECSES, 2010b), são analisadas expressões metafóricas ou potencialmente metafóricas encontradas no Banco de Dados Interacionais (RONCARATI, 1996), volume que reúne transcrições de conversas gravadas entre novembro de 1989 e janeiro de 1991, totalizando cerca de 270 horas. Com duração entre 5 e 30 minutos, as 13 conversas que compõem volume foram segmentadas em 9927 unidades entonacionais (CHAFE, 1988; Du Bois et alii, 1992). Entre essas unidades, foram encontradas 82 expressões metafóricas que revelam a subjacência de domínios fonte e alvo amplamente apontados na literatura: PESSOA, EMOÇÃO, OBJETO, CORPO HUMANO, ECONOMIA e ANIMAL. Este estudo corrobora assunções acerca da teoria da metáfora conceptual, em suas manifestações linguísticas originais (ou não), no que tange às especificidades dos seus contextos de conceptualização em discursos reais.

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36

Umaña Aguilar, Jeanina. "La aventura en la finca: Aproximación múltiple a una narración oral infantil." Revista de Filología y Lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica 20, no. 1 (August 30, 2015): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rfl.v20i1.20238.

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Una experiencia personal contada por una niña de nueve años de edad, se analiza desde diferentes perspectivas para lograr una comprensión cada vez más puntual del texto. Disposición sintagmática de Propp ayuda a clarificar la estructura organizativa de la narrativa; la versión Mandler y Johnson de la teoría de los esquemas explica la información o eliminación de la información; Características de Keenan del discurso no planificado y el despliegue de Chafe de conciencia facilitan un microanálisis del texto. A personal experience told by a nine-year-old girl is analyzed from different perspectives to achieve an increasingly punctual understanding of the text. Propp's syntagmatic arrangement helps to clarify the organizational structure of the narrative; Mandler and Johnson's version of the schema theory explains the information or deletion of information; Keenan's features of unplanned discourse and Chafe's deployment of consciousness facilitate a microanalysis of the text.

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37

Manrique, María Soledad, and Celia Renata Rosemberg. "El lenguaje infantil en situaciones de juego en el Jardín de Infantes." Summa Psicológica 6, no. 2 (August 4, 2013): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18774/448x.2009.6.66.

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Este trabajo presenta un análisis del lenguaje que emplean los niños de 4 y 5 años de sectores marginados en diferentes tipos de situaciones de juego en el Jardín de Infantes: el juego con instrucciones, el juego en el patio, el socio dramático en rincones y coordinado por la maestra. En particular, se analizan las emisiones infantiles, considerando las funciones para las que emplean el lenguaje (Halliday, 1975) y el grado de explicitud y descontextualización del lenguaje (Chafe, 1985). Los resultados mostraron que, en todos los tipos de juego, las emisiones infantiles están principalmente destinadas a dar y pedir información y a regular la propia acción y la de los otros. Sólo un porcentaje marginal de las emisiones infantiles presentan formas lingüísticas descontextualizadas. En la mitad de los casos, éstas se producen durante el juego dramático en rincones y sobre todo en interacción con la maestra y no entre pares.

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38

Yamaguchi, Toshiko. "Reanalysis of contrastive -wa in Japanese." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 423–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.13.3.04yam.

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This paper examines the behavior of contrastive –wa in Japanese written discourse. While supporting its local nature (Clancy and Downing 1987), the paper argues, based on a survey of newspapers, that localness alone is not sufficient to understand the nature of contrast. It proposes that the use of contrastive –wa is motivated by how the writer perceives the world, or what Chafe (1994) calls ‘conscious experience’. We propose literal opposition, evaluation, association, and conflict as its main components. In the final part, the paper relates the results to the recent study on Contrastive Topic (Lee 1999, 2000, 2003), stating that the CT-approach is still unable to account for the entire range of phenomena discovered. The paper suggests that the discrepancies arise because of the fact that natural data integrates the writer’s context-specific intentions, to which priority is not given in formalistic approaches.

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39

Rood, David S. "The Caddo Language: A Grammar, Texts, and Dictionary Based on Materials Collected by the Author in Oklahoma between 1960 and 1970 by Wallace Chafe." Anthropological Linguistics 61, no. 4 (2019): 491–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/anl.2019.0025.

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40

Khuong, Luu Quy, and Doan Phan Anh Truc. "Chafe’s Semantic Structure Processes Versus Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar Processes." International Journal of Systemic Functional Linguistics 2, no. 1 (May 17, 2019): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.55637/ijsfl.2.1.1075.24-32.

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Processes are seen as a language phenomenon involving the participant of various language elements realized by verbals, nominal groups or adverbials. How these elements occur in the processes depends on linguists’ concepts of processes. The paper aims to consider Chafe’s processes and Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar processes to see what similarities and differences are. The study was conducted with qualitative methods in order to analyse materials and analyse the data collected. The data include samples extracted from four literary works in English which are The Man of Property, The Old Man and the Sea, the Call of the Wild and the Moon and Sixpence. The findings can point out some differences and similarities of processes by Chafe and Halliday. At the same time, the results will help those who pay much attention to this language phenomenon have a deeper understanding in order to equip themselves with background knowledge of language learning and research.

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41

PION-BERLIN, DAVID. "The Pinochet Case and Human Rights Progress in Chile: Was Europe a Catalyst, Cause or Inconsequential?" Journal of Latin American Studies 36, no. 3 (August 2004): 479–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x0400776x.

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This article assesses the impact, if any, of Spanish and British Court rulings on the Pinochet case on human rights progress in Chilean courts. Chilean judges chafe at the notion that foreign courts exerted any influence on them, arguing that, based solely on Chilean law and the evidence already before them, they were empowered to strip Pinochet of his immunity, and proceeded to do so. Human rights critics allege that the courts had been thoroughly immobilised by the authoritarian legacy to which they were enjoined. No progress at all would have occurred were it not for the dramatic verdicts handed down in British courts. The author contends that change was underfoot in Chile prior to Pinochet's arrest in London, but that Europe set Chile on a faster and steeper trajectory toward justice than would have been possible otherwise. It did so by shaming the Chilean Government into pressuring its own high courts to deliver a modicum of justice to the victims of Pinochet.

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42

Crockatt, Richard. "William H. Chafe, The Unfinished Journey: America since World War II (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986, £13.50). Pp. 516. ISBN 0 19 503640 9." Journal of American Studies 22, no. 1 (April 1988): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875800033570.

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43

Ravid, Dorit. "Discourse, consciousness and time: The flow and displacement of conscious experience in speaking and writing. Wallace Chafe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994. Pp. 340." Applied Psycholinguistics 18, no. 3 (July 1997): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400010523.

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44

Weiss, Jessica Chen, and Jeremy L. Wallace. "Domestic Politics, China's Rise, and the Future of the Liberal International Order." International Organization 75, no. 2 (2021): 635–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002081832000048x.

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AbstractWith the future of liberal internationalism in question, how will China's growing power and influence reshape world politics? We argue that views of the Liberal International Order (LIO) as integrative and resilient have been too optimistic for two reasons. First, China's ability to profit from within the system has shaken the domestic consensus in the United States on preserving the existing LIO. Second, features of Chinese Communist Party rule chafe against many of the fundamental principles of the LIO, but could coexist with a return to Westphalian principles and markets that are embedded in domestic systems of control. How, then, do authoritarian states like China pick and choose how to engage with key institutions and norms within the LIO? We propose a framework that highlights two domestic variables—centrality and heterogeneity—and their implications for China's international behavior. We illustrate the framework with examples from China's approach to climate change, trade and exchange rates, Internet governance, territorial sovereignty, arms control, and humanitarian intervention. Finally, we conclude by considering what alternative versions of international order might emerge as China's influence grows.

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45

Azevedo, Adriana Maria Tenuta de, and Ana Larissa Adorno Marciotto Oliveira. "O PRINCÍPIO FUNCIONAL/COGNITIVO DA ESTRUTURA DA INFORMAÇÃO E MECANISMOS SINTÁTICOS EM UM CONTEXTO DE APRENDIZAGEM DE INGLÊS COMO L2." Trabalhos em Linguística Aplicada 54, no. 2 (September 2015): 393–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/010318134477148351.

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ResumoEste artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com o intuito de se investigar se os aprendizes de inglês como segunda língua (L2) reconhecem, implícita e/ou explicitamente, a existência do princípio funcional/cognitivo de distribuição da informação em um texto. A pesquisa também verificou o domínio, por esses aprendizes, de alguns dispositivos sintáticos relacionados às estruturas da informação e temática, que são usados para se atenderem a demandas comunicativas específicas. O referencial teórico baseia-se nos princípios da linguística funcional e conceitos ligados à cognição, em relação aos impactos da organização discursiva sobre escolhas linguísticas (Halliday, 1973; Chafe, 1995). O corpus desta pesquisa consistiu em uma série de exercícios que foram administrados aos alunos de graduação da habilitação em inglês. As descobertas lançam luz sobre o fato de que os alunos ainda não estão conscientes de vários processos que envolvem arranjos gramaticais e o fluxo do discurso, assim como eles não percebem bem como a gramática pode impactar a intenção comunicativa de um texto escrito.

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46

Van Ryssen, Stefaan. "Extrasensory Perceptions by Chris Chafe and Greg Niemeyer. Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, U.S.A., 2002. Audio CD CCGNESP01-2." Leonardo 36, no. 3 (June 2003): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon.2003.36.3.240.

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47

Yildiz, Mustafa, and Ümit Deniz Turan. "CONTRASTIVE INTERLANGUAGE ANALYSIS OF EVIDENTIALITY IN PHD DISSERTATIONS." Discourse and Interaction 14, no. 1 (June 28, 2021): 124–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/di2021-1-124.

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The present study investigates evidentiality in its broadest sense (Chafe 1986) in PhD dissertations as a genre of academic writing. For this purpose, Chafe’s taxonomy (1986), revised by Ifantidou (2001), has been used as a framework in order to analyze three different groups of datasets, including one group of native speakers of English and two groups of non-native speakers: a group of Turkish speakers of English and the other non-native speakers with diff erent L1 backgrounds. The texts of these three groups are examined in order to fi nd out whether the native language of the participants is a factor in the choice of evidential markers. The results show that the native speakers of English use evidential markers more frequently compared to the non-native authors. In terms of the Native Language/Interlanguage comparison in Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis (Granger 1996, 1998), the overall use of evidentiality reveals that non-native authors do not show native-like features in the use of evidentiality. In terms of the Interlanguage/Interlanguage comparison, Turkish authors of academic texts diff er from the authors with various native language backgrounds in terms of the use of evidentiality.

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Hassler, Gerda. "Evidentiality In Romance Languages. Explanatory Potential of a Concept and Its Applications In Pragmatics." Cadernos de Linguística 2, no. 1 (August 23, 2021): e337. http://dx.doi.org/10.25189/2675-4916.2021.v2.n1.id337.

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Defined narrowly, evidentiality pertains to the sources of knowledge or evidence whereby the speaker feels entitled to make a factual claim. But evidentiality may also be conceived more broadly as both providing epistemic justification and reflecting speaker’s attitude towards the validity of the communicated information, and hearer’s potential acceptability of the information, derived from the degree of reliability of the source and mode of access to the information. Evidentiality and epistemic modality are subcategories of the same superordinate category, namely a category of epistemicity. Since the first seminal works on evidentiality (Chafe and Nichols 1986), studies have for the most part centred on languages where the grammatical marking of the information source is obligatory (for example Willett 1988; Aikhenvald 2004). Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the study of the domain of evidentiality in European languages, which rely on strategies along the lexico‐grammatical continuum. Assuming a broad conception of evidentiality and defining it as a functional category, we study linguistic means that fulfil the function of indicating the source of information for the transmitted content of a certain proposition in Romance languages.

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Li, Zongmei, and Xin Su. "Safety Monitoring Network Architecture of Water Release Structures Based on Intelligent Sensing Equipment for Concrete Abrasion." Journal of Sensors 2022 (September 30, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1818646.

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The concrete abrasion monitoring of water launch constructions is the key and hard factor in hydraulic engineering. With the development of technology, the present concrete abrasion monitoring techniques have made excellent progress; however, there are still some problems, such as the small monitoring range, and it is hard to totally mirror the diploma of abrasion damage. The smart sensing tools based totally on concrete abrasion is greater and extra used in engineering dimension due to the fact of its excessive precision and robust anti-interference ability. Based on the alive analysis accessory for accurate abrasion, this cardboard establishes the aegis ecology association anatomy of baptize barrage structures, selects the abstinent chafe advice of the project, incorporates out coaching modelling thru the education set, and forecasts the take a look at set. Through theoretical evaluation and accuracy verification test, it can be concluded that the smart sensing tools based totally on concrete abrasion can be used to measure the floor modifications of concrete materials, the size accuracy can attain 0.1 mm level, and the monitoring accuracy price can attain 95%, which can meet the necessities of concrete abrasion depth monitoring in hydraulic engineering.

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Wu, Jiayi. "Contextual Conditions and Constraints in Chinese Dangling Topics." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 10, no. 2 (July 30, 2020): 9–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.10.2.9-48.

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This present study verifies the aboutness condition proposed by Chao, 1968; Chafe, 1976; Li and Thompson, 1981; Xu and Langendoen, 1985 and many others as a relation that holds between sentence-initial NPs and comment clauses of alleged gapless topic-comment constructions in Mandarin Chinese. Four often-cited types of dangling topics in Chinese are re-visited and the arguments from both the semantic (Pan and Hu 2002; 2008; 2009) and syntactic (Shi 2000; Huang and Ting 2006) views are examined. A critical scrutiny from contextual perspective, in particular Nomi Erteschik-Shir’s (2007) notions of topic, reveals that there exist dangling topics in Chinese where the sentence-initial NPs at issue are either contrastive or old topics which need not be syntactically or semantically licensed. The contextual contrast set and commentative conditions are proposed as the licensing conditions with constraints dictating that proper selection and relevance must be observed. At the end the study raises a hypothesis regarding language typology. It is proposed that discourse configurational languages exhibit phenomena of dangling NP topics which are properly licensed by the aboutness relation under which either one of the contextual conditions is satisfied.

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