Статті в журналах: "CFD"

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A., Aswandi, B. L. Syaefullah, D. A. Iyai, and M. Jen Wajo. "UTILIZATION OF CARBOHYDRATE POTENTIAL IN VARIOUS KINDS OF BANANA COB FLOUR BANANA IN KACANG GOATS." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 53, no. 4 (August 30, 2022): 732–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i4.1583.

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The objective of this research was to observe the productivity in kacang goats which were given a complete feed containing flour of various types of banana plant weevils. The material studied in this study was six complete types of feed. Complete feed containing weevil flour from 5 banana plant varieties. Complete feed is prepared with a complete feed composition. The cattle used were 18 male bean goats, mean initial body weight, 15.42 ± 1.98 kg (CV: 13.73%) aged 10-15 months. Livestock is given complete feed containing banana weevil flour for 60 days. The cage is 12 m x 6m in size, construction has a floor platform as high as 140 cm, the enclosure is 1 x 1 m in size and 130 cm in height, equipped with a drinking area. The treatment was in the form of 6 complete types of feed with different formulations, consisting of CF0, CF1, CF2, CF3, CF4, and CF5 containing banana weevil flour with different varieties and control treatment (CF0). The research design used was a completely randomized design with five treatments of complete feed formulas containing hump flour of various banana varieties.The results of the research that the complete feed formulation containing Batu banana hump flour (CF2) and Kapok (CF3) produced the best productivity and performance response of Kacang goat. compared to treatment; CF0 CF1; CF4 and CF5.

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Scheer, Justin K., Jessica Tang, Johnny Eguizabal, Azadeh Farin, Jenni M. Buckley, Vedat Deviren, R. Trigg McClellan, and Christopher P. Ames. "Optimal reconstruction technique after C-2 corpectomy and spondylectomy: a biomechanical analysis." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 12, no. 5 (May 2010): 517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.11.spine09480.

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Object Primary spine tumors frequently involve the C-2 vertebra. Complete resection of the lesion may require total removal of the C-2 vertebral body, pedicles, and dens process. Authors of this biomechanical study are the first to evaluate a comprehensive set of reconstruction methods after C-2 resection to determine the optimal configuration depending on the degree of excision required. Methods Eight human heads (from the skull to C-6) from 4 males and 4 females with a mean age of 68 ± 18 years at death were cleaned of tissue, while leaving ligaments and discs intact. Nondestructive flexion and extension (FE), lateral bending (LB), and axial rotation (AR) tests were conducted using a nonconstraining, pure moment loading apparatus, and relative motion across the fusion site (C1–3) was measured using a 3D motion tracking system. Specimens were tested up to 1.5 Nm at 0.25-Nm intervals for 45 seconds each. The spines were instrumented using 3.5-mm titanium rods with a midline occipitocervical plate (4.0 × 12–mm screws) and lateral mass screws (excluding C-2) at the C-1 (3.0 × 40 mm) and C3–5 levels (3.0 × 16 mm). Testing was repeated for the following configurations: Configuration 1 (CF1), instrumentation only from occiput to C-5; CF2, C-2 corpectomy leaving the dens; CF3, titanium mesh cage (16-mm diameter) from C-3 to C-1 ring and dens; CF4, removal of cage, C-1 ring, and dens; CF5, titanium mesh cage from C-3 to clivus (16-mm diameter); CF6, removal of C-2 posterior elements leaving the C3–clivus cage (spondylectomy); CF7, titanium mesh cage from C-3 to clivus (16-mm diameter) with 2 titanium mesh cages from C-3 to C-1 lateral masses (12-mm diameter); and CF8, removal of all 3 cages. A crosslink was added connecting the posterior rods for CF1, CF6, and CF8. Range-of-motion (ROM) differences between all groups were compared via repeated-measures ANOVA with paired comparisons using the Student t-test with a Tukey post hoc adjustment. A p < 0.05 indicated significance. Results The addition of a central cage significantly increased FE rigidity compared with posterior instrumentation alone but had less of an effect in AR and LB. The addition of lateral cages did not significantly improve rigidity in any bending direction (CF6 vs CF7, p > 0.05). With posterior instrumentation alone (CF1 and CF2), C-2 corpectomy reduced bending rigidity in only the FE direction (p < 0.05). The removal of C-2 posterior elements in the presence of a C3–clivus cage did not affect the ROM in any bending mode (CF5 vs CF6, p > 0.05). A crosslink addition in CF1, CF6, and CF8 did not significantly affect primary or off-axis ROM (p > 0.05). Conclusions Study results indicated that posterior instrumentation alone with 3.5-mm rods is insufficient for stability restoration after a C-2 corpectomy. Either C3–1 or C3–clivus cages can correct instability introduced by C-2 removal in the presence of posterior instrumentation. The addition of lateral cages to a C3–clivus fusion construct may be unnecessary since it does not significantly improve rigidity in any direction.

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YAMAMOTO, Satoru. "Paradigm Shift of CFD toward CFC." TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Series B 77, no. 774 (2011): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.77.195.

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Burger, C. J., S. J. van der Spuy, and T. W. von Backström. "Design of a Compact Crossover Diffuser for Micro Gas Turbines Using a Mean-Line Code." International Journal of Turbo & Jet-Engines 36, no. 4 (November 18, 2019): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2017-0021.

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Abstract The design and validation of a Compact Crossover Diffuser (CCD) to replace the size-limited radial diffuser and axial de-swirl cascade of an existing Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) is discussed. A CCD strives to combine the performance of a channel diffuser with the operating range and efficiency of a vaneless diffuser. The development of a one-dimensional Mean-Line Code (MLC) is presented, which aids the designer in preliminary design and performance evaluation of the CCD. Design graphs indicating the performance effects of changing the primary design variables are developed and shown. The MLC is numerically validated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Good agreement is seen between the MLC and CFD results, predicting the design point PRss(2-4) to within 1.4 %. A CFD optimized CCD was manufactured and tested. Agreement between the CFD and experimental results for PRts(0-4) is within 7.58 % at 106 kRPM. A numerically predicted increase in PRts(0-4) from 3.31, to 3.53, to 3.83 is seen for the vaneless-, MLC optimized-, and CFD optimized-design respectively. An experimental increase of 82.3 % in engine thrust and 80.0 % in total-to-static pressure recovery across the compressor stage was measured when retrofitting the BMT120KS with a new impeller and CCD.

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Agonafer, D., and A. Vimba. "Solid Model Based Preprocessor to CFD Code for Applications to Electronic Cooling Systems." Journal of Electronic Packaging 119, no. 2 (June 1, 1997): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2792220.

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The use of a solid model based Computer Aided Design (CAD) tool as a preprocessor to a finite control-volume based Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code is presented. Preprocessing includes geometry description, grid generation, definition of material properties, application of boundary conditions, and definition of solution control parameters. The CAD based preprocessor, as opposed to traditional finite control-volume preprocessors, provides the above capabilities in a powerful graphic environment. Using a solid model based CAD tool, work is reduced, and visualization is enhanced employing the capabilities of the three-dimensional solid modeler. In addition, a technique which categorizes control volumes into groups comprising the solid and fluid portions of the problem domain is presented. At the completion of preprocessing, a model appropriate as input to a CFD code is generated. This model is then solved using the CFD program. The process is shown in a tutorial form by considering a two-dimensional turbulent flow problem in an electronic card on board package. Although the methodology shown in this paper focuses on specific CFD and Solid Model programs, the concept can readily be applied to other CFD and/or Solid Model programs.

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Perić, M. "Simulation of Flows in Complex Geometries: New Meshing and Solution Methods." NAFEMS International Journal of CFD Case Studies 6 (March 2007): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.59972/utux3hbg.

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The use of CFD is spreading in all areas of engineering. The flow domains are usually very complicated, which places high demands on both meshing and solution methods. In this manuscript the newest developments in the handling of complex geometries in CFD are presented. The limitations with respect to the shape of control volumes that may appear in a numerical grid are lifted: cells of arbitrary polyhedral shape are allowed. CAD-integration of all CFD tools and automatic generation of polyhedral meshes, as well as a solution method that can use such meshes, are also presented and the advantages of the new technology are discussed. The emphasis is on CAD integration, automatic mesh generation, and optimisation of mesh quality. The aim of all of these measures is the shortening of analysis time in all phases of a CFD simulation and at the same time an improvement of solution quality.

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Cui, Hong Jiang, Ming Hai Li, and Ying Guan. "The Performance Simulation and Optimization Research on Intake Port of Locomotive Diesel Engine." Advanced Materials Research 443-444 (January 2012): 1007–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.443-444.1007.

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.In order to manufacture high quality intake port with bigger discharge coefficient and appropriate swirl ratio for diesel engine performance improvement, intake port tests and CFD simulation method were combined together to optimize its structure. The three-dimensional CAD model of intake port was built and was putted into AVL–FIRE platform to do CFD simulation with appropriate turbulence model and calculation method. The detailed air flow information was obtained by CFD simulation. After analyzing, two optimization programs were discussed. This research shows that CFD simulation is a powerful method to design diesel engine intake port; air flow condition is complex in the intake port; intake port structure optimization can increase the discharge coefficient and improve the air flow condition.

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8

Rachmanu, Fatkur. "DESAIN ULANG IMPELER POMPA SENTRIFUGAL KURVA PRESTASI SERTA FENOMENA ALIRAN DENGAN CAD-CFD." Simetris : Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Elektro dan Ilmu Komputer 7, no. 2 (November 1, 2016): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.24176/simet.v7i2.777.

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Pompa adalah alat untuk memindahkan cairan dari dataran rendah ke dataran tinggi. Pengoperasiannya bila lama digunakan akan mengurangi efisiensi dari prestasi pompa tersebut sehingga diperlukan perbaikan dan perawatan. Salah satu perawatannya antara lain dengan memperbaiki komponen utamanya yaitu impeler atau baling-baling. Pada pembuatan impeler tahap pertama adalah desain bentuk impeler dengan memperhatikan beberapa parameter sehingga meningkatan efisiensi pompa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengubah profil impeler agar efisiensi meningkat dan mendapatkan impeler yang lebih efektif dengan bantuan perangkat lunak CAD dan CFD. CFD adalah metode penghitungan, memprediksi, dan pendekatan aliran fluida secara numerik dengan bantuan komputer. CAD mengubah dari model umum menjadi model berdimensi, lalu pendiskritan model dalam CFD sebagai pendekatan dari aliran fluida air yang terjadi pada impeler. Hasil optimalisasi dengan perangkat lunak efisiensi total kinerja pompa meningkat dari 59 % menjadi 61%. Sudut masuk fluida pada sudut masuk sudu impeler (?1) dan sudut keluar sudu impeler (?2) diusahakan diatas 10o, disamping nilai NPSHR menentukan pelayanan kondisi kerja pompa dalam kewajaran. Sudut incident (i) dapat mengubah kinerja pompa. Sesuai hukum pompa sentrifugal yaitu kecepatan isap spesifik (Nss) yang meningkat akan menurunkan tinggi kenaikan isap positif bersih yang diperlukan (NPSHR). Sehingga didapat model impeler yang lebih optimal. Kata kunci: desain, impeler, pompa, sentrifugal, CAD, CFD.

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9

Xu, Qing, Yu-Xing Li, Xiao-Ning Li, Jia-Bin Wang, Fan Yang, Yi Yang, and Tian-Ling Ren. "Simulation of SiO2 etching in an inductively coupled CF4 plasma." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 06 (February 28, 2017): 1750042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917500427.

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Plasma etching technology is an indispensable processing method in the manufacturing process of semiconductor devices. Because of the high fluorine/carbon ratio of CF4, the CF4 gas is often used for etching SiO2. A commercial software ESI-CFD is used to simulate the process of plasma etching with an inductively coupled plasma model. For the simulation part, CFD-ACE is used to simulate the chamber, and CFD-TOPO is used to simulate the surface of the sample. The effects of chamber pressure, bias voltage and ICP power on the reactant particles were investigated, and the etching profiles of SiO2 were obtained. Simulation can be used to predict the effects of reaction conditions on the density, energy and angular distributions of reactant particles, which can play a good role in guiding the etching process.

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Wang, Chenye, Caifei Ding, Zhoujia Hua, Chunyue Chen, and Jia Yu. "Cangfudaotan Decoction Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Improves Follicular Development in Rats with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome via IGF-1-PI3K/Akt-Bax/Bcl-2 Pathway." Mediators of Inflammation 2020 (November 24, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8865647.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder prevalent in females of reproductive age; insulin resistance (IR) is the major pathogenic driver. Pharmacology is a basic option for PCOS therapy; traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as a significant part of complementary and alternative medicine, has a long history in the clinical management of PCOS. Cangfudaotan decoction (CFD) has been used clinically for gynaecological diseases especially PCOS. In this study, first, chemical components in CFD were clarified using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS analysis. Then, an animal model of PCOS was established, granular cells were also isolated from the rats with PCOS, and CFD was administrated at different dosages in PCOS rats and granular cells, to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanisms of CFD for PCOS treatment. The result showed that CFD treatment is effective in PCOS rats and granulosa cells. CFD was able to improve IR, restore the serum hormone levels, inhibit the inflammatory cytokines in PCOS rat, and alleviate ovary morphological injury and apoptosis in PCOS rats. In granulosa cells of PCOS, the result showed that the cell viability was improved, and cell apoptosis was inhibited after CFD administration. Further experiments suggested that CDF improves IR, follicular development, cell apoptosis, and inflammatory microenvironment, and this was associated to the regulation of IGF-1-PI3K/Akt-Bax/Bcl-2 pathway-mediated gene expression. Given that CFD sufficiently suppresses insulin resistance and improves follicular development in this study, exploring these mechanisms might help to optimize the therapeutic treatment of CFD in PCOS patients.

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CHO, SU K., and VAMSHI M. KORIVI. "PORT DESIGN OPTIMIZATION USING CFD ANALYSIS." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 03, no. 01 (June 2004): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219686704000375.

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Shape of ports that are part of an engine cylinder head is vital to engine performance and emissions. The advance of CFD (Computation Fluid Dynamics) analysis technology helps designers run the simulation to improve the port design and to provide the better model for a flow bench test. This paper presents the automation of design optimization process integrating CAD modeling, mesh generation and CFD simulation.

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12

van Driel, Michael R. "Cardioplegia heat exchanger design modelling using computational fluid dynamics." Perfusion 15, no. 6 (December 2000): 541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765910001500611.

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A new cardioplegia heat exchanger has been developed by Sorin Biomedica. A three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) model was optimized using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling. CFD optimization techniques have commonly been applied to velocity flow field analysis, but CFD analysis was also used in this study to predict the heat exchange performance of the design before prototype fabrication. The iterative results of the optimization and the actual heat exchange performance of the final configuration are presented in this paper. Based on the behaviour of this model, both the water and blood fluid flow paths of the heat exchanger were optimized. The simulation predicted superior heat exchange performance using an optimal amount of energy exchange surface area, reducing the total contact surface area, the device priming volume and the material costs. Experimental results confirm the empirical results predicted by the CFD analysis.

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13

Mavriplis, Catherine. "Interdisciplinary CFD." International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics 26, no. 6-8 (July 2012): 333–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10618562.2012.739353.

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Tekir, Mutlu, Engin Gedik, Erol Arcaklioğlu, Murat Çalapkulu, and Mehmet Cem Kasap. "Cfd Analyses." IMPACT JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.46598/impactjst.17.1.2023.863.

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15

Pieritz, R. A., R. Mendes, R. Ferraz, and C. R. Maliska. "CFD STUDIO: AN EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE FOR CFD ANALYSIS." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2003): 09. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v2i2.3471.

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The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate the general characteristics of the educational user-friendly CFD Studio package for CFD teaching. The package was designed for teaching 2D fluid mechanics and heat transfer process, including conduction, coupled conduction/convection, natural and forced convection, external and internal flows, among other phenomena. The finite volume methodology and its related topics can also be taught using the software. Therefore, general aspects of the three main modules, pre-processor, solver and post-processor are discussed aiming to show the generality of the tool. These modules are integrated in the application by a so-called numerical problem project which guide the student through the steps to obtain the solution. To approximate the partial differential equations the finite volume approach is employed using a fully-implicit formulation with the interpolation schemes CDS, UDS and WUDS. Mesh editing and nonorthogonal boundary-fitted mesh generation, using algebraic interpolation and elliptic equations, are important features of the package. Coupled heat transfer problems are handled using the solid-block formulation and the pressure-velocity coupling uses the SIMPLE and SIMPLEC methods with non-staggered grids. To demonstrate the capabilities two fluid flow and heat transfer problem projects are presented.

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16

Spanu, Simone, David Mosna, and Giuseppe Vignali. "CFD Analysis of Coffee Packaging in Capsules using Gas Flushing Modified Atmosphere Packaging." International Journal of Food Engineering 12, no. 9 (November 1, 2016): 875–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2016-0047.

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Abstract The aim of this work is to analyze, by means of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), the gas flow in a packaging machine used to fill polymeric capsules with coffee. The final goal is to optimize the geometric shape of some mechanical components in the machine’s sealing station in order to reduce the inert gas consumption achieving an O2 residual which is constantly equal or below 1 % by mass in the center of the capsule. The fluid domain has been obtained starting from the 3D CAD model of the sealing station of the packaging machine. The CAD software SolidWorks has been used to design the system, while Ansys CFX 14.5 software has been used for the CFD analysis. The CFD model has been validated by comparing its results with those obtained by experimental tests. The modified solution allows reducing the average O2 residual from about 3 % to less than 1 %.

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Lin, Chen-Jiann, Tseng-Hsiang Tse, Liu-Cheng Che, and Liang-Ming Tsai. "Computer aided design and analysis on distributors in DAC columns." MATEC Web of Conferences 185 (2018): 00024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818500024.

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Dynamic axial compression (DAC) columns are key elements in simulated moving bed, which is a chromatography process in drug industry and chemical engineering. In this study, rules for designing distributors are proposed based on mass conservation and validated by experiments, the computer aided design (CAD) and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Experimental works are conducted to choose feasible numerical parameters for simulations. In CFD, the transient laminar flow fields are governed by the momentum and species transport equations with Darcy's law to model the porous zone in the packed bed. Results show that CFD combined with CAD solid modelling is a good approach to explore detailed flow fields in DAC columns and carry out parameter analysis for innovative designs. For further testing and evaluation, a new model of compound distributor is designed, 3D printed and processed in factory for practical applications in preparative chromatography.

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Li, Lei, Carlos F. Lange, and Yongsheng Ma. "Artificial intelligence aided CFD analysis regime validation and selection in feature-based cyclic CAD/CFD interaction process." Computer-Aided Design and Applications 15, no. 5 (March 5, 2018): 643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16864360.2018.1441230.

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Fattakhov, Timur A., and Anna A. Mironova. "Population mortality in the central Russia municipalities." Population and Economics 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/popecon.6.e84005.

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The Central Federal District (CFD) is the most populous district in Russia, as of the beginning of 2021, 27% of the Russian population lived out there. However, the CFD mortality rate is characterized by a significant variation across different territories of the District. The purpose of this study is to assess the CFD territorial differentiation of mortality rate based on life expectancy with a breakdown on municipalities in 2010-2019. Life expectancy by CFD municipality and urban district was based on information about population size of the CDF municipalities and urban districts, obtained from the database on municipalities for the period 2010-2020 and individual non-personalized Rosstat (Federal State Statistics Service) data on cause-of-death mortality. A total of 326 municipalities and 63 urban districts were included in the analysis. A total of 11.5 thousand life tables were developed. The analysis shows a significant differentiation of mortality rate at the municipal level. Even though the CFD life expectancy is above the Russian average mainly due to high levels of life expectancy in Moscow, the vast majority of the CFD municipalities report a life expectancy below the Russian average. The worst situation with mortality in the CFD is developed in municipalities with a population of less than 10 thousand people. The main factor for a high gap in life expectancy across territories and gender is a high male mortality in working ages. There are significant reserves of for life expectancy growth within the CFD. These reserves are concentrated in the regional capitals with adjacent municipalities, as well as other large municipalities with a population over 100 thousand people.

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Guo, Zhong Quan, Jian Xia Liu, and Wen Cai Luo. "Parametric Modeling and Simulation for Aerodynamic Design of Launch Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 101-102 (September 2011): 697–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.101-102.697.

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Aerodynamic design of launch vehicle is facing combinatorial explosion problem caused by modular design. In order to get basic feasible solution from huge design space, the efficiency of design and simulation must be improved. In this paper, a parametric modeling and simulation method is proposed, which is based on CAD/CFD tools. Firstly, the design Variables of the launch vehicle are divided into three categories: size parameters, configuration parameters and mesh parameters. Secondly, parametric geometry model, including size and configuration parameters, is obtained by secondary development of Pro/ENGINEER. Thirdly, parametric mesh files for CFD are generated by implementing CFD-GEOM with scripts written in Python. By specifying boundary conditions through command stream of GAMBIT, FLUENT software will run automatically to calculate the aerodynamic performance of the launch vehicle. Finally, a graphical user interface (GUI) is developed using VC++6.0. With this system, the integration of CAD/CFD application is achieved. As long as designers enter certain design parameters in the GUI, they will quickly achieve 3D geometry model and aerodynamic performance of the launch vehicle. Application examples show that, this system can significantly improve the efficiency of aerodynamic design of the launch vehicle, and the data error between simulation and experiment is less than 10%, which is acceptable.

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Scurtu, I. L., and M. I. Gheres. "Numerical evaluation of vehicles aerodynamics in platoon using CFD simulation." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1220, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1220/1/012024.

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Abstract Due to increased traffic and new technologies developed to improve road safety, a new vehicle driving technique is being studied. The vehicles’ platooning driving method has as objective to minimize the aerodynamic drag and therefore the fuel consumption. The aim of this study is to evaluate the distance between platoon traveling vehicles and to propose an optimal travel distance. The CFD evaluation is performed for two categories of vehicles at a given velocity and distance between them for two cases: in the first simulation scenario, a tractor-trailer is represented, followed by a SUV positioned at a given distance from the rear of the vehicle combination; in the second simulation, two tractor-trailers at the same boundary condition as for the first case are simulated. The vehicles models are made by using a CAD modelling environment, respecting the overall dimensions of an existing vehicle. The numerical evaluation of a distance between vehicle models is performed using the CFD method based on the Navier-Stokes equations averaging. The last part of the paper presents the interpretation of CDF simulation results, establishing the recommended travel distance between vehicles and conclusions of this study.

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Kim, Jong Rok. "CFD Analysis of EFD-CFD Workshop Case 3 using Commercial and Open Source CFD codes." Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences 45, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5139/jksas.2017.45.3.241.

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Augst, A. D., D. C. Barratt, A. D. Hughes, F. P. Glor, S. A. McG Thom, and X. Y. Xu. "Accuracy and Reproducibility of CFD Predicted Wall Shear Stress Using 3D Ultrasound Images." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 125, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1553973.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) flow simulation techniques have the potential to enhance our understanding of how haemodynamic factors are involved in atherosclerosis. Recently, 3D ultrasound has emerged as an alternative to other 3D imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). The method can be used to generate realistic vascular geometry suitable for CFD simulations. In order to assess accuracy and reproducibility of the procedure from image acquisition to reconstruction to CFD simulation, a human carotid artery bifurcation phantom was scanned three times using 3D ultrasound. The geometry was reconstructed and flow simulations were carried out on the three sets as well as on a model generated using computer aided design (CAD) from the geometric information given by the manufacturer. It was found that the three reconstructed sets showed good reproducibility as well as satisfactory quantitative agreement with the CAD model. Analyzing two selected locations probably representing the ‘worst cases,’ accuracy comparing ultrasound and CAD reconstructed models was estimated to be between 7.2% and 7.7% of the maximum instantaneous WSS and reproducibility comparing the three scans to be between 8.2% and 10.7% of their average maximum.

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Xu, Linjie, Leming Cheng, Jieqiang Ji, Qinhui Wang, and Mengxiang Fang. "A comprehensive CFD combustion model for supercritical CFB boilers." Particuology 43 (April 2019): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2017.11.012.

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Jiang, Xianliang, and Guang Jin. "CFD: an efficient active queue management algorithm with CFD." Electronics Letters 52, no. 24 (November 2016): 2015–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2016.2370.

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Abuengmoh, Peter, Dick Iorwuese Gernah, Dinnah Ahure, and Kelly Ndombow Yakum. "Complementary Foods Formulated from Orange-flesh Sweet Potato, Soybean, and Date Palm Flour Blends Improves the Proximate, Rheological and Sensory Properties of Children’s Formulas." American Journal of Food Science and Technology 3, no. 2 (July 30, 2024): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajfst.v3i2.3032.

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This study evaluated the proximate, rheological and sensory properties of complementary foods produced from orange flesh sweet potato, soybean and date palm flour blends. Complementary foods were produced from orange flesh sweet potato (OFSP), soybean and date palm flour blends. The samples were formulated by material balancing with all samples having 16% protein/ 100g. The samples were coded as CON, CFA, CFB, CFC, CFD and CFE with sample CON being the control. The samples were subjected to rheological and sensory analysis using standard method. Their proximate composition were; moisture (2.51-7.38%), ash (2.27-3.02%), fibre (2.11-4.22%), fat (9.13-10.11%), protein (15.12-16.11%), and carbohydrate (63.06-65.01%). Rheological properties of the gruels were as follows; consistency index (m) (90.57-186.21 Nsn/m2), Flow behaviour index (n) (0.256-0.411), Coefficient of regression (r2) (0.9765-0.9928) and Standard error (0.318-0.405). The sensory attributes gave the following results; appearance (7.77- 8.07), aroma (7.20-8.63), taste (6.80- 8.23), mouth feel (6.87- 8.27), and overall acceptability (6.80- 8.33) and these results when interpreted on appoint hedonic scale. Higher scores generally indicated better sensory attributes and overall acceptability of the food formulation which was observed in sample CFB and CON. There were significant differences between most of the bread samples at (p< 0.05).

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Scharf, Rüdiger, Julia Winkler, Andreas P. Weiß, and Philipp Streit. "Mit Mikro-Dampfkraftwerk Abwärmepotenziale nutzen." BWK ENERGIE. 74, no. 3-4 (2022): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1618-193x-2022-3-4-44.

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Entgegen dem aktuellen Trend, Abwärme im kleinen Leistungsbereich unter 100 kW(el.) mittels einer ORC-Anlage in Strom umzuwandeln, wird im vorliegenden Beitrag das Konzept eines Mikro-Dampfkraftwerks verfolgt. Nachfolgend wird erläutert, warum die Wahl der Turbine auf eine geschwindigkeitsgestufte zweikränzige Curtis-Turbine gefallen ist und das dafür verwendete 1-D-Turbinendesign-Tool wird kurz vorgestellt. Der parametrisierte Ansatz des Turbinenentwurfs in 3-D-CAD/CFD wird erläutert und schließlich werden das CFD-Strömungsfeld und die Leistungskennfelder der entworfenen Turbine diskutiert.

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Krishnara J, C., S. Rajesh Ruban, and N. Subramani. "Analysis of exhaust manifold to improve the engine performance." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.8 (March 19, 2018): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8.10517.

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The aim of the work is to analyze the performance of the engine exhaust manifold. Because the engine exhaust manifold is a significant factor in the engine performance. In this work the manifold design is prepared with the help of CAD software and it is analyzed by the ANSYS. This CFD and thermal analysis also done to check the performance of the redesigned exhaust manifold. The aim of CFD simulations performed to investigate the volumetric efficiency behaviour of an exhaust.

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Ridzuan, Nurfairunnajiha, Uznir Ujang, Suhaibah Azri, and Izham Mohamad Yusoff. "Computational Fluid Dynamics of Wind Flow and Air Pollution Modelling: A Review on 3D Building Model Standards." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1064, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1064/1/012051.

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Abstract Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are used to monitor air pollution events supported by real-world conditions digitally. Besides, wind flow that has a close relationship with air pollutants dispersion also can be visualized by using CFD simulation. The presence of a building, especially in terms of the building’s geometry, impacts the air pollution dispersion and wind flow that occur around a building or in a specific research area. As there is an involvement of building models in the simulation, some of the standards for the building modelling: Computer-Aided Design (CAD), City Geographic Markup Language (CityGML), and Building Information Modelling (BIM), are being utilized in this type of study. Many types of research have been conducted to study the pollutants and wind flow using the CFD technique of these three standards. Hence, this review paper is used to presents several pieces of research on this related topic. Through this review paper, some of the drawbacks of the study were identified, such as the detailing of the building’s geometry and the compatibility of each standard to be implemented in the CFD simulation.

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Misar, Adit, Phillip Davis, and Mesbah Uddin. "On the Effectiveness of Scale-Averaged RANS and Scale-Resolved IDDES Turbulence Simulation Approaches in Predicting the Pressure Field over a NASCAR Racecar." Fluids 8, no. 5 (May 16, 2023): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids8050157.

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Racecar aerodynamic development requires well-correlated simulation data for rapid and incremental development cycles. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and wind tunnel testing are industry-wide tools to perform such development, and the best use of these tools can define a race team’s ability to compete. With CFD usage being limited by the sanctioning bodies, large-scale mesh and large-time-step CFD simulations based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) approaches are popular. In order to provide the necessary aerodynamic performance advantages sought by CFD development, increasing confidence in the validity of CFD simulations is required. A previous study on a Scale-Averaged Simulation (SAS) approach using RANS simulations of a Gen-6 NASCAR, validated against moving-ground, open-jet wind tunnel data at multiple configurations, produced a framework with good wind tunnel correlation (within 2%) in aerodynamic coefficients of lift and drag predictions, but significant error in front-to-rear downforce balance (negative lift) predictions. A subsequent author’s publication on a Scale-Resolved Simulation (SRS) approach using Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (IDDES) for the same geometry showed a good correlation in front-to-rear downforce balance, but lift and drag were overpredicted relative to wind tunnel data. The current study compares the surface pressure distribution collected from a full-scale wind tunnel test on a Gen-6 NASCAR to the SAS and SRS predictions (both utilizing SST k−ω turbulence models). CFD simulations were performed with a finite-volume commercial CFD code, Star-CCM+ by Siemens, utilizing a high-resolution CAD model of the same vehicle. A direct comparison of the surface pressure distributions from the wind tunnel and CFD data clearly showed regions of high and low correlations. The associated flow features were studied to further explore the strengths and areas of improvement needed in the CFD predictions. While RANS was seen to be more accurate in terms of lift and drag, it was a result of the cancellation of positive and negative errors. Whereas IDDES overpredicted lift and drag and requires an order of magnitude more computational resources, it was able to capture the trend of surface pressure seen in the wind tunnel measurements.

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31

Liu, Lijun, and Yilei Huang. "HVAC Design Optimization for Pharmaceutical Facilities with BIM and CFD." Buildings 14, no. 6 (June 2, 2024): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061627.

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Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been widely used in the past decade to enhance the design quality of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems. However, in specialized areas such as pharmaceutical facilities, HVAC design has traditionally relied on Computer-Aided Design (CAD) drawings. This conventional approach does not allow for the simulation of temperature distribution or the verification of system efficiency, which may lead to design failures. To address these challenges in pharmaceutical facilities, this study proposed a BIM-based approach for optimizing HVAC design with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). By employing CFD to simulate the dynamic airflow conditions of pharmaceutical clean rooms, the effectiveness of HVAC systems can be verified. A case study of a clean room HVAC design is presented to demonstrate the workflow. The results of the case study indicated that the pharmaceutical temperature requirements were met within 1 °C during the design optimization simulation, and there was a 95% match in the 72 h temperature mapping test during site validation. The results confirmed that using CFD with BIM not only successfully simulates the design intentions of indoor air quality but also suggests HVAC system optimization for the required clean room design. The findings of this paper contribute to the body of knowledge on overcoming the limitations of the traditional CAD-based HVAC design process and provide valuable insights on optimizing HVAC design with BIM and CFD technologies.

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Gonzales, Howell B., John Tatarko, Mark E. Casada, Ronaldo G. Maghirang, Lawrence J. Hagen, and Charles J. Barden. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Airflow through Standing Vegetation." Transactions of the ASABE 62, no. 6 (2019): 1713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13449.

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Abstract. Maintaining vegetative cover on the soil surface is the most widely used method for control of soil loss by wind erosion. We numerically modeled airflow through artificial standing vegetation (i.e., simulated wheat plants) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A solver (simpleFoam within the OpenFOAM software architecture) was used to simulate airflow through various three-dimensional (3D) canopy structures in a wind tunnel, which were created using another open-source CAD geometry software (Salomé ver. 7.2). This study focused on two specific objectives: (1) model airflow through standing vegetation using CFD, and (2) compare the results of a previous wind tunnel study with various artificial vegetation configurations to the results of the CFD model. Wind speeds measured in the wind tunnel experiment differed slightly from the numerical simulation using CFD, especially near positions where simulated vegetation was present. Effective drag coefficients computed using wind profiles did not differ significantly (p <0.05) between the experimental and simulated results. Results of this study will provide information for research into other types of simulated stubble or sparse vegetation during wind erosion events.HighlightsMeasured airflow through a simulated canopy was successfully modeled using CFD software.Effective drag coefficients did not differ between the experimental and simulated results.Results of this study provide 3-D simulation data of wind flow through a plant canopy. Keywords: 3-D canopy structure, OpenFOAM, Wind erosion, Wind tunnel studies.

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주, 현철. "CFD 분야 연구동향". KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery 21, № 2 (30 квітня 2018): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5293/kfma.2018.21.2.070.

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Mandal, S., C. S. P. Ojha, P. Bhargava, Hiroshi Noda, Akihiko Nakayama, T. Nozuo, T. Tamura, et al. "CFD (Bluff Body)." Wind Engineers, JAWE 2001, no. 89 (2001): 317–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5359/jawe.2001.89_317.

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35

Zenkin, V. A. "Ontological CFD-repository." Proceedings of the Institute for System Programming of the RAS 30, no. 5 (2018): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15514/ispras-2018-30(5)-15.

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36

Strauss, Henry. "Parallel CFD '92." Parallel Computing 18, no. 9 (September 1992): 1073–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8191(92)90019-4.

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37

Geiger, Alfred. "Parallel CFD '91." Parallel Computing 18, no. 1 (January 1992): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8191(92)90117-p.

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38

Hebeker, Friedrich-Karl. "Parallel CFD '93." Parallel Computing 19, no. 12 (December 1993): 1431–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8191(93)90086-z.

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39

Thilmany, Jean. "Stepping Up CFD." Mechanical Engineering 124, no. 04 (April 1, 2002): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2002-apr-4.

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This article highlights that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software has become a widely used tool in engineering, biomedical, and environmental research and development in the past few years. CFD might be coupled with multiphysical applications, so users can solve for more than one phenomenon at a time. CFD methods can predict the areas of a component that will see the most damage from the sand, The CFD-based erosion model let the component manufacturer predict the areas of highest erosion and take steps to either reinforce those areas with a suitable material or else redesign the component. CFD will be used even more widely across disciplines and different types of technologies than it is now, but the computational method is already invaluable to many engineers working with varied, unrelated applications.

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Lee, Yeongbin, Namgyun Kim, and Sangho Kim. "EFD-CFD workshop : CASE 3 CFD for transonic flow regime." Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences 45, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5139/jksas.2017.45.3.252.

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41

Runchal, Akshai K. "THE FUTURE OF CFD AND THE CFD OF THE FUTURE." Computational Thermal Sciences 4, no. 6 (2012): 517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/computthermalscien.2012006511.

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Shin, D. Y., C. H. Song, and Y. C. Lee. "Trend in CFD Technology and CFD Case Simulation on Drilling." Journal of The Korean Society for Fluid Power & Construction Equipments 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7839/ksfc.2012.9.1.026.

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43

Ogawa, Shuichi. "CFD Software STAR-CD and The Recent Application of CFD." Reference Collection of Annual Meeting 2000.5 (2000): 385–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjm.2000.5.0_385.

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44

Yang, X., M. Hayes, K. Jenkins, and S. Cant. "The Cambridge CFD grid for large-scale distributed CFD applications." Future Generation Computer Systems 21, no. 1 (January 2005): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2004.09.012.

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Hamill, Nathalie. "Streamlining Fluid Dynamics." Mechanical Engineering 120, no. 03 (March 1, 1998): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1998-mar-1.

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More-intuitive pre-processors and advanced solvers are making computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software easier to use, more accurate, and faster. CFD techniques involve the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations that describe fluid-flow processes. Using MSC/ PATRAN as a starting point, AEA Technology plc, Harwell, Oxfordshire, England, has developed a pre-processor for its software that is fully computer-aided design (CAD)-compatible and works with native CAD databases such as CADDS 5, CATIA, Euclid3, Pro /ENG INEER, and Unigraphics. The simplicity of modeling complex geometries in CFX allows more details to be included in models, such as gangways between coaches, bogies, and even some parts of the pantograph. CFX 5's coupled solver offers a radically different approach that solves all the hydrodynamic equations as a single system. CFX 5 has demonstrated its ability to deliver much faster pre-processing and shorter run times, thus increasing productivity for its users. CFX 5.2 should be a further step forward in commercial CFD, with its mixed element types combining the accuracy of prismatic meshes adjacent to surfaces with the speed and geometric flexibility of tetrahedral elements in the remainder of the grid.

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Fukasaku, K., M. Negoro, H. Iwase, K. Yokoi, and R. Himeno. "Computational Fluid Dynamics for Brain Circulation and Aneurysm with Therapeutic Devices." Interventional Neuroradiology 10, no. 2_suppl (December 2004): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15910199040100s220.

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We analysed fluid dynamics at brain arteries having multiple inflow and out flow like Willis ring based on clinical imaging modalities. In addition, we analysed fluid dynamics with therapeutic devices like coils and stents to simulate their influences to blood flow. 3D CTA and MRA obtained three-dimensional structures of the brain vessels. The centreline was obtained from the three dimensional structure. Diameter of the blood vessels was measured by 3D CTA/MRA then smooth surfaced blood vessel models were created. For the fluid analysis, we developed a home brew software which can display parameters such as streamline, etc. In addition, our CFD (computational fluid dynamics) software can work in collaboration with a CAD (computer aided design) software which we also developed (VCAD: Volume CAD). So, therapeutic devices such as coils, balloons and stents could be placed in the models and CFD analysis could be performed placing devices in the models. The flow pattern in the complicated vascular structure could be calculated such as Willis ring which has multiple inputs like ICA, VA and multiple outlets like MCA and PCA with communicating arteries. CFD with therapeutic devices could also analysed with our system.

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Fresia, Paola, and Massimo Rundo. "CFD Simulation of a Post-Compensated Load Sensing Directional Control Valve." E3S Web of Conferences 312 (2021): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131205002.

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The paper presents the CFD model of a load sensing directional control valve. The model was validated experimentally in terms of pressure drop and flow force at different positions of the spool. The spool position was imposed manually by means of a micrometric screw and a load cell was used for measuring the flow force. The CFD model was developed with the CAD-embedded tool FloEFD®. The model has been proved to be very reliable in estimating the pressure drop, moreover quite good results were obtained also in the evaluation of the flow force. The CFD simulations were used to tune the coefficients of a lumped parameter model of the valve, so that such a model can be efficiently used for the simulation of an entire hydraulic circuit. Moreover, the CFD model has been used as design tool for attenuating the detrimental effect of the flow force. In particular, the width of the land upstream of the metering edge has an influence on the resultant force on the spool. If was found that it is possible to significantly reduce the flow force at maximum opening with a relatively small increment of the pressure drop across the valve.

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Heijmans, Ad. "The Right Mix." Mechanical Engineering 131, no. 03 (March 1, 2009): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2009-mar-5.

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This review explores the use of computation fluid dynamics (CFD) tools embedded in its computer-aided design (CAD) software to create a right mix of gas and air for a wide range of applications. The new tools provide the ability to evaluate the performance of many potential alternatives in the initial stages of the design process. Early stage analysis makes it possible to improve the performance of the product and resolve design problems quickly and before large sums have been spent on a design that must be changed. The review also discusses that several best practices can help ensure the accuracy of CFD gas and air mixing simulation. The utilization of native 3D data places a premium on the quality of the solid model. The newest generation of CFD software contains sophisticated automatic control functions that make it possible to converge to a solution in almost every application without the need for manual tuning. CFD simulation in the preliminary stages in the design of products involving gas mixing can save time and money. Best practices tuned for the requirements of a particular industry can help design engineers avoid analysis mistakes.

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Thilmany, Jean. "In-School Analysis." Mechanical Engineering 130, no. 01 (January 1, 2008): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2008-jan-3.

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This article highlights introducing undergrads to computerized fluid dynamics (CFD) and FEA software that is not a straightforward affair. Computerized fluid dynamics has become mainstream more recently, but many engineers are finding it just as important to their daily work. In order to prepare engineers to enter such a world, professors have begun a conversation to determine the best way and the best time to introduce students to the analysis software they will likely need on the job. The subject is more challenging, both to learn and to introduce into the curriculum, than computer-aided design. Instructors agree that their students first need a good grounding in CAD before moving on to analysis. Introduction to the software comes after instructors are sure students are comfortable with CAD and have become familiar with a range of analysis concepts. Teaching CAD is a lot easier than teaching CAE, so schools are finding they cannot substitute their CAD teaching methods when it comes to CFD and FEA.

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Choudahri, Yash. "Development of Application for Airfoil Generation and Testing." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (May 31, 2023): 6840–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53198.

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Abstract: CAD automation works by utilizing tools and technology to increase the speed at which a design is completed. The CAD workflows that you set up can be carried out over and over again much like any other repetitive task in your office. This allows for multiple designs to be completed with reduced effort, freeing up valuable time for more important tasks and creativity. The application devloped automates the processes required to create an 3D part file of any airfoil.The application also provides a script to automate the next step i.e CFD analysis of the airfoil. The application is divided in 4 major parts according to the task automated. In the first section , the user can enter the parameters of desired airfoil,these parameters are then utilized by the software to create coordinates of the points that lie on airfoil. After this a curve is fitted to the airfoil points and the coefficients of the fitted curve are displayed and stored. In the section , the coefficients generated in the first section are utilized to generate CAD files of the airfoil. In the third section the software provides a python script that automates the task of carrying out the CFD simulation of airfoil. Lastly the “results” section provides a workspace to analyze the output of CFD simulation. Thus the application acts as a complete workstation for design life cycle of the airfoil.

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