Статті в журналах: "CFD STUDIES"

1

Murthy, Y. Rama, and K. Udaya Bhaskar. "Parametric CFD studies on hydrocyclone." Powder Technology 230 (November 2012): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2012.06.048.

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2

Chew, J. Y. M., S. S. S. Cardoso, W. R. Paterson, and D. I. Wilson. "CFD studies of dynamic gauging." Chemical Engineering Science 59, no. 16 (August 2004): 3381–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2004.03.042.

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3

A., Aswandi, B. L. Syaefullah, D. A. Iyai, and M. Jen Wajo. "UTILIZATION OF CARBOHYDRATE POTENTIAL IN VARIOUS KINDS OF BANANA COB FLOUR BANANA IN KACANG GOATS." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 53, no. 4 (August 30, 2022): 732–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i4.1583.

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The objective of this research was to observe the productivity in kacang goats which were given a complete feed containing flour of various types of banana plant weevils. The material studied in this study was six complete types of feed. Complete feed containing weevil flour from 5 banana plant varieties. Complete feed is prepared with a complete feed composition. The cattle used were 18 male bean goats, mean initial body weight, 15.42 ± 1.98 kg (CV: 13.73%) aged 10-15 months. Livestock is given complete feed containing banana weevil flour for 60 days. The cage is 12 m x 6m in size, construction has a floor platform as high as 140 cm, the enclosure is 1 x 1 m in size and 130 cm in height, equipped with a drinking area. The treatment was in the form of 6 complete types of feed with different formulations, consisting of CF0, CF1, CF2, CF3, CF4, and CF5 containing banana weevil flour with different varieties and control treatment (CF0). The research design used was a completely randomized design with five treatments of complete feed formulas containing hump flour of various banana varieties.The results of the research that the complete feed formulation containing Batu banana hump flour (CF2) and Kapok (CF3) produced the best productivity and performance response of Kacang goat. compared to treatment; CF0 CF1; CF4 and CF5.

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4

Wang, Yiqun, and Lifeng Yan. "CFD Studies on Biomass Thermochemical Conversion." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 9, no. 6 (June 27, 2008): 1108–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms9061108.

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5

Purimetla, Anil, and Jie Cui. "CFD studies on burner secondary airflow." Applied Mathematical Modelling 33, no. 2 (February 2009): 1126–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2008.01.007.

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6

Herrmann, David D. "Why use CFD for explosion studies?" Process Safety Progress 27, no. 2 (2008): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prs.10237.

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7

Mørch, H., M. Perić, J. Röper, and E. Schreck. "CFD-Supported Design of Lifeboats." NAFEMS International Journal of CFD Case Studies 10 (March 2013): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.59972/ffm3fczg.

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Lifeboats are important for the safety of crew on oil platforms and marine vessels. Their design has so far been mostly based on experimental studies. However, the large number of factors which influence the loads on the lifeboat structure and its occupants makes optimization studies by experimental means both time-consuming and expensive. Besides, many effects cannot be studied at laboratory scale due to the inability to match all similarity parameters, and certain conditions cannot be realized in a laboratory. Numerical simulations based on modern computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods could complement experimental studies if proven to be sufficiently accurate and efficient. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that this indeed is the case: comparisons between experimental data and simulation results performed by the authors so far indicate that the achieved accuracy in numerical simulations is comparable to the accuracy of experiments. It is also shown that a simulation of one drop test can be performed with sufficient accuracy in one day on a single core of a personal computer. Together with a computational method which uses overlapping grids to simplify the handling of lifeboat motion and specification of initial and boundary conditions, parametric studies of lifeboat water entry have thus become practicable.

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8

Fullmer, William D., and Jordan Musser. "CFD-DEM solution verification: Fixed-bed studies." Powder Technology 339 (November 2018): 760–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2018.08.044.

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9

Hodapp, Maximilian J., Jhon J. Ramirez-Behainne, Milton Mori, and Leonardo Goldstein. "Numerical Studies of the Gas-Solid Hydrodynamics at High Temperature in the Riser of a Bench-Scale Circulating Fluidized Bed." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/786982.

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The hydrodynamics of circulating fluidized beds (CFBs) is a complex phenomenon that can drastically vary depending on operational setup and geometrical configuration. A research of the literature shows that studies for the prediction of key variables in CFB systems operating at high temperature still need to be implemented aiming at applications in energy conversion, such as combustion, gasification, or fast pyrolysis of solid fuels. In this work the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique was used for modeling and simulation of the hydrodynamics of a preheating gas-solid flow in a cylindrical bed section. For the CFD simulations, the two-fluid approach was used to represent the gas-solid flow with the k-epsilon turbulence model being applied for the gas phase and the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF) for the properties of the dispersed phase. The information obtained from a semiempirical model was used to implement the initial condition of the simulation. The CFD results were in accordance with experimental data obtained from a bench-scale CFB system and from predictions of the semiempirical model. The initial condition applied in this work was shown to be a viable alternative to a more common constant solid mass flux boundary condition.

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10

Huang, Zhong, Lei Deng, and Defu Che. "Experimental and CFD Simulation Studies on Bell-Type Air Nozzles of CFB Boilers." Applied Sciences 9, no. 18 (September 11, 2019): 3805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183805.

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In this paper, a new bell-type air nozzle, which overcomes the structural defects of traditional bell-type air nozzles, is proposed and validated by cold test and numerical simulation. The pressure drop characteristic of the new bell-type air nozzle is measured. Furthermore, the causes of cover outlet abrasion and blockage, inner tube fracture, and irregular resistance change in traditional bell-type air nozzles applied in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers are analyzed. Then, the performance of the new bell-type air nozzle is evaluated in a real CFB boiler, which is operated under regular working conditions. The results show that the new bell-type air nozzle has stronger anti-wear ability, excellent resistance characteristics, longer service life, and easier maintenance.

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11

Fattakhov, Timur A., and Anna A. Mironova. "Population mortality in the central Russia municipalities." Population and Economics 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/popecon.6.e84005.

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The Central Federal District (CFD) is the most populous district in Russia, as of the beginning of 2021, 27% of the Russian population lived out there. However, the CFD mortality rate is characterized by a significant variation across different territories of the District. The purpose of this study is to assess the CFD territorial differentiation of mortality rate based on life expectancy with a breakdown on municipalities in 2010-2019. Life expectancy by CFD municipality and urban district was based on information about population size of the CDF municipalities and urban districts, obtained from the database on municipalities for the period 2010-2020 and individual non-personalized Rosstat (Federal State Statistics Service) data on cause-of-death mortality. A total of 326 municipalities and 63 urban districts were included in the analysis. A total of 11.5 thousand life tables were developed. The analysis shows a significant differentiation of mortality rate at the municipal level. Even though the CFD life expectancy is above the Russian average mainly due to high levels of life expectancy in Moscow, the vast majority of the CFD municipalities report a life expectancy below the Russian average. The worst situation with mortality in the CFD is developed in municipalities with a population of less than 10 thousand people. The main factor for a high gap in life expectancy across territories and gender is a high male mortality in working ages. There are significant reserves of for life expectancy growth within the CFD. These reserves are concentrated in the regional capitals with adjacent municipalities, as well as other large municipalities with a population over 100 thousand people.

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12

Cai, N., and W. K. Chow. "Numerical Studies on Heat Release Rate in Room Fire on Liquid Fuel under Different Ventilation Factors." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/910869.

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Heat release rate (HRR) of the design fire is the most important parameter in assessing building fire hazards. However, HRR in room fire was only studied by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in most of the projects determining fire safety provisions by performance-based design. In contrast to ten years ago, officers in the Far East are now having better knowledge of CFD. Two common questions are raised on CFD-predicted results on describing free boundaries; and on computing grid size. In this work, predicting HRR by the CFD model was justified with experimental room pool fire data reported earlier. The software fire dynamics simulator (FDS) version 5 was selected as the CFD simulation tool. Prescribed input heating rate based on the experimental results was used with the liquid fuel model in FDS. Five different free boundary conditions were investigated to predict HRR. Grid sensitivity study was carried out using one stretched mesh and multiple uniform meshes with different grid sizes. As it is difficult to have the entire set of CFD predicted results agreed with experiments, macroscopic flow parameters on the mass flow rate through door opening predicted by CFD were also justified by another four conditions with different ventilation factors.

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13

Biscarini, C., S. Di Francesco, and P. Manciola. "CFD modelling approach for dam break flow studies." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 6, no. 6 (November 3, 2009): 6759–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-6-6759-2009.

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Abstract. This paper presents numerical simulations of free surface flows induced by a dam break comparing the shallow water approach to fully three-dimensional simulations. The latter are based on the solution of the complete set of Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations coupled to the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method. The methods assessment and comparison are carried out on a dam break over a flat bed without friction and a dam break over a triangular bottom sill. Experimental and numerical literature data are compared to present results. The results demonstrate that the shallow water approach loses some three-dimensional phenomena, which may have a great impact when evaluating the downstream wave propagation. In particular, water wave celerity and water depth profiles could be underestimated due to the incorrect shallow water idealization that neglects the three-dimensional aspects due to the gravity force, especially during the first time steps of the motion.

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14

Biscarini, C., S. Di Francesco, and P. Manciola. "CFD modelling approach for dam break flow studies." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 4 (April 27, 2010): 705–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-705-2010.

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Abstract. This paper presents numerical simulations of free surface flows induced by a dam break comparing the shallow water approach to fully three-dimensional simulations. The latter are based on the solution of the complete set of Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations coupled to the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method. The methods assessment and comparison are carried out on a dam break over a flat bed without friction, a dam break over a triangular bottom sill and a dam break flow over a 90° bend. Experimental and numerical literature data are compared to present results. The results demonstrate that the shallow water approach, even if able to sufficiently reproduce the main aspects of the fluid flows, loses some three-dimensional phenomena, due to the incorrect shallow water idealization that neglects the three-dimensional aspects related to the gravity force.

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15

Schulte-Eistrup, S., T. Takano, T. Maeda, K. Nonaka, J. Linneweber, S. Kawahito, T. Sato, et al. "CFD STUDIES OF C1E3 GYRO CENTRIFUGAL BLOOD PUMP." ASAIO Journal 46, no. 2 (March 2000): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002480-200003000-00326.

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16

Bhaskar, K. Udaya, Y. Rama Murthy, M. Ravi Raju, Sumit Tiwari, J. K. Srivastava, and N. Ramakrishnan. "CFD simulation and experimental validation studies on hydrocyclone." Minerals Engineering 20, no. 1 (January 2007): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2006.04.012.

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17

Soltani, Soheil, Carolin Wang-Hansen, Ronnie Andersson, and Bengt Andersson. "CFD characterization of monolithic reactors for kinetic studies." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 92, no. 9 (August 14, 2014): 1570–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.22022.

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18

Ozcan-Coban, Seda, Fatih Selimefendigil, Hakan Oztop, and Arif Hepbasli. "A review on computational fluid dynamics simulation methods for different convective drying applications." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2022): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci220225070o.

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This paper focuses on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) studies on one of the commonly used drying processes for different applications. First, a brief information about drying is given with determining important properties that effect drying characteristics. Next, basic principles of CFD modelling are explained while capabilities of computational processing are presented. A detailed literature survey about CFD studies in convective drying process is then conducted. Finally, some sound concluding remarks are listed. It may be concluded that the CFD is a powerful and flexible tool that can be adopted to many different physical situations including complex scenarios, results of CFD simulations represent good predictions for fluid flow, heat and mass transfer of various drying methods and those numerical studies can be used for validation and controlling of applicability of new drying systems.

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19

Zhu, Limin, Xiaolei Gong, Jinlong Liu, Youjin Li, Yumin Zhong, Juanya Shen, and Zhuoming Xu. "Computational Evaluation of Surgical Design for Multisegmental Complex Congenital Tracheal Stenosis." BioMed Research International 2020 (April 21, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3509814.

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Multisegmental complex congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening malformation of the airway. Staged surgery is indicated for the complex pathophysiology of the abnormal trachea. Surgical intervention to fix the stenotic segments may result in different postoperative outcomes. However, only few studies reported the design of surgical correction for multisegmental CTS. We used computer-aided design (CAD) to simulate surgical correction under different schemes to develop a patient-specific tracheal model with two segmental stenoses. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to compare the outcomes of different designs. Aerodynamic parameters of the trachea were evaluated. An obvious interaction was found between the two segments of stenosis in different surgical designs. The surgical corrective order of stenotic segments greatly affected the aerodynamic parameters and turbulence flows downstream of tracheal stenosis and upstream of the bronchus. Patient-specific studies using CAD and CFD minimize the risk of staged surgical correction and facilitate quantitative evaluation of surgical design for multiple segments of complex CTS.

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20

Barber, T. J., G. Doig, C. Beves, I. Watson, and S. Diasinos. "Synergistic integration of computational fluid dynamics and experimental fluid dynamics for ground effect aerodynamics studies." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 226, no. 6 (June 2012): 602–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410011414321.

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This article highlights the ‘synergistic’ use of experimental fluid dynamics (EFD) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), where the two sets of simulations are performed concurrently and by the same researcher. In particular, examples from the area of ground effect aerodynamics are discussed, where the major facility used was also designed through a combination of CFD and EFD. Three examples are than outlined, to demonstrate the insight that can be obtained from the integration of CFD and EFD studies. The case studies are the study of dimple flow (to enhance aerodynamic performance), the analysis of a Formula-style front wing and wheel, and the study of compressible flow ground effect aerodynamics. In many instances, CFD has been used to not only provide complementary information to an experimental study, but to design the experiments. Laser-based, non-intrusive experimental techniques were used to provide an excellent complement to CFD. The large datasets found from both experimental and numerical simulations have required a new methodology to correlate the information; a new post-processing method has been developed, making use of the kriging and co-kriging estimators, to develop correlations between the often disparate data types.

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21

Dwivedi, Sunil, Vikrant Sharma, Sumit Jana, and Debasis Chakraborty. "Unsteady CFD Studies for Gust Modeling in Store Separation." Defence Science Journal 72, no. 2 (May 11, 2022): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.72.17608.

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Aircraft and different store configurations must be certified before a flight. There is a small but finite probability of aircraft being hit by gust wind at the time of separation. Most store separation analyses from airborne platforms do not consider the gust phenomena because of the complexity and inadequate knowledge of its behavior. A dedicated task group was recently created to understand the gust-related phenomena in aircraft safety. Of the various gust cases, vertical gust is most severe and can cause instability leading to store collision. The situation is compounded in a long and heavy store due to its large projected area. No test procedures exist for simulation or practical tests of gust. A study was conducted to identify a test procedure for gust simulation using MIL standard data and Indian conditions. The current paper studies the emergency release condition where a vertical gust is hitting the aircraft to ascertain safe separation. A discrete gust with a 1-cosine shape and specified length and amplitude is imposed at the inflow boundary. The gust is allowed to sweep the computational domain containing the airborne platform and the store. The computed trajectory of the store, the miss distance, and its angular rates in the presence of gust are analysed in this work to study the safe separation of a store from an airborne platform. Simulations are also carried out to determine the effect of gust at the highest dynamic pressure in the flight envelope.

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22

vani, N. Sri Gokila, Dr D. Prabhakaran, and Dr T. Kannadasan. "Experimental Studies and CFD Modeling on Solar Distillation System." International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 03, no. 09 (September 15, 2014): 15818–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15680/ijirset.2014.0309004.

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23

Li, Changjun, Qian Huang, Shikui Yan, and Ting Huang. "Parametric CFD studies on erosion in 3D double elbow." International Journal of Engineering Systems Modelling and Simulation 8, no. 4 (2016): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijesms.2016.079412.

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24

Sahoo, Pranati, and Abanti Sahoo. "Hydrodynamic studies on fluidization of Red mud: CFD simulation." Advanced Powder Technology 25, no. 6 (November 2014): 1699–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2014.06.017.

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25

Tian, Z. F., J. Y. Tu, and G. H. Yeoh. "CFD Studies of Indoor Airflow and Contaminant Particle Transportation." Particulate Science and Technology 25, no. 6 (December 5, 2007): 555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726350701492728.

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26

WURMEL, J., and J. SIMMIE. "CFD studies of a twin-piston rapid compression machine." Combustion and Flame 141, no. 4 (June 2005): 417–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.01.015.

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27

Laleh, Ali Pourahmadi, William Y. Svrcek, and Wayne D. Monnery. "Design and CFD studies of multiphase separators-a review." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 90, no. 6 (October 25, 2011): 1547–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.20665.

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28

Liang, Li, David A. Steinman, Olivier Brina, Christophe Chnafa, Nicole M. Cancelliere, and Vitor M. Pereira. "Towards the Clinical utility of CFD for assessment of intracranial aneurysm rupture – a systematic review and novel parameter-ranking tool." Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 11, no. 2 (October 19, 2018): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2018-014246.

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BackgroundIntracranial aneurysms (IAs) are vascular dilations on cerebral vessels that affect between 1%–5% of the general population, and can cause life-threatening intracranial hemorrhage when ruptured. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a promising tool to study IAs in recent years, particularly for rupture risk assessment. However, despite dozens of studies, CFD is still far from clinical use due to large variations and frequent contradictions in hemodynamic results between studies.PurposeTo identify key gaps in the field of CFD for the study of IA rupture, and to devise a novel tool to rank parameters based on potential clinical utility.MethodsA Pubmed search identified 231 CFD studies for IAs. Forty-six studies fit our inclusion criteria, with a total of 2791 aneurysms. For included studies, study type, boundary conditions, solver resolutions, parameter definitions, geometric and hemodynamic parameters used, and results found were recorded.Data synthesisAspect ratio, aneurysm size, low wall shear stress area, average wall shear stress, and size ratio were the parameters that correlate most strongly with IA rupture.LimitationsSignificant differences in parameter definitions, solver spatial and temporal resolutions, number of cycles between studies as well as frequently missing information such as inlet flow rates were identified. A greater emphasis on prospective studies is also needed.ConclusionsOur recommendations will help increase standardization and bridge the gaps in the CFD community, and expedite the process of making CFD clinically useful in guiding the treatment of IAs.

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29

Huo, Hongyuan, Fei Chen, Xiaowei Geng, Jing Tao, Zhansheng Liu, Wenzhi Zhang, and Pei Leng. "Simulation of the Urban Space Thermal Environment Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Comprehensive Review." Sensors 21, no. 20 (October 18, 2021): 6898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21206898.

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Rapid urbanization has made urban space thermal environment (USTE) problems increasingly prominent. USTE research is important for improving urban ecological environment and building energy consumption. Most studies on USTE research progress have focused on meteorological observations and remote sensing methods, and few studies on USTE are based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). During the past two decades, with the increasing applications of CFD in USTE research, comprehensively summarizing the phased results have become necessary tasks. This paper analyzes the current research status of CFD-based USTE simulation from six perspectives. First, we summarize the current research status of USTE simulation with CFD models that integrate ground observations and remote sensing technology. Second, we define and classify the spatial scope of CFD-based USTE simulations at different scales. Third, we systematically analyze the quantitative relationships among urban land type, the underlying surface structure, water bodies, green space and the corresponding changes in CFD-based USTE simulations. Fourth, we quantitatively analyze the impact of anthropogenic heat in CFD-based USTE simulations. Fifth, we summarize the corresponding USTE mitigation measures and methods based on the CFD simulation results. Finally, the outlooks and the existing problems in current research on CFD simulations of the USTE are analyzed.

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30

Wiles, Jason A., Manuel D. Galvan, Steven D. Podos, Michael Geffner, and Mingjun Huang. "Discovery and Development of the Oral Complement Factor D Inhibitor Danicopan (ACH-4471)." Current Medicinal Chemistry 27, no. 25 (July 22, 2020): 4165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867326666191001130342.

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Complement plays a vital role in our innate immune defense against invasive microorganisms. Excessive complement activation or insufficient control of activation on host cells, however, is associated with several chronic disorders. Essential to the activation and amplification of the Alternative Pathway (AP) of complement, Complement Factor D (CFD) is a specific serine protease that cleaves its unique substrate, Complement Factor B (CFB) in complex with an activated form of complement component 3 (C3), to generate the AP C3 convertases C3(H2O)Bb and C3bBb. These convertases comprise a central component in eliciting effector responses following AP activation, and they also enable a powerful amplification loop for both the Classical Pathway (CP) and Lectin Pathway (LP) of complement. Because CFD is not required for the activation of either the CP or LP, selective CFD inhibition presents a favorable therapeutic approach to modulating complement activity that leaves intact the effector functions following CP and LP activation and thus poses a lower risk of bacterial infection than other complement-directed approaches. This review provides an update on inhibitors of CFD, which have evolved from irreversible small molecules that demonstrate poor selectivity to reversible small molecules and monoclonal antibodies that demonstrate exceptional selectivity and potency. The reversible small-molecule inhibitor danicopan (ACH-4471) has emerged recently as a promising therapeutic candidate. An overview of its discovery, preclinical pharmacology, Phase 1 clinical studies in healthy volunteers, and Phase 2 clinical studies in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) patients is presented.

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31

Gonzales, Howell B., John Tatarko, Mark E. Casada, Ronaldo G. Maghirang, Lawrence J. Hagen, and Charles J. Barden. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Airflow through Standing Vegetation." Transactions of the ASABE 62, no. 6 (2019): 1713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13449.

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Abstract. Maintaining vegetative cover on the soil surface is the most widely used method for control of soil loss by wind erosion. We numerically modeled airflow through artificial standing vegetation (i.e., simulated wheat plants) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A solver (simpleFoam within the OpenFOAM software architecture) was used to simulate airflow through various three-dimensional (3D) canopy structures in a wind tunnel, which were created using another open-source CAD geometry software (Salomé ver. 7.2). This study focused on two specific objectives: (1) model airflow through standing vegetation using CFD, and (2) compare the results of a previous wind tunnel study with various artificial vegetation configurations to the results of the CFD model. Wind speeds measured in the wind tunnel experiment differed slightly from the numerical simulation using CFD, especially near positions where simulated vegetation was present. Effective drag coefficients computed using wind profiles did not differ significantly (p <0.05) between the experimental and simulated results. Results of this study will provide information for research into other types of simulated stubble or sparse vegetation during wind erosion events.HighlightsMeasured airflow through a simulated canopy was successfully modeled using CFD software.Effective drag coefficients did not differ between the experimental and simulated results.Results of this study provide 3-D simulation data of wind flow through a plant canopy. Keywords: 3-D canopy structure, OpenFOAM, Wind erosion, Wind tunnel studies.

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32

Ratkovich, N., C. C. V. Chan, T. R. Bentzen, and M. R. Rasmussen. "Experimental and CFD simulation studies of wall shear stress for different impeller configurations and MBR activated sludge." Water Science and Technology 65, no. 11 (June 1, 2012): 2061–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.106.

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Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been used successfully in biological wastewater treatment for effective solids–liquid separation. However, a common problem encountered with MBR systems is fouling of the membrane resulting in frequent membrane cleaning and replacement which makes the system less appealing for full-scale applications. It has been widely demonstrated that the filtration performances in MBRs can be improved by understanding the shear stress over the membrane surface. Modern tools such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be used to diagnose and understand the shear stress in an MBR. Nevertheless, proper experimental validation is required to validate CFD simulation. In this work experimental measurements of shear stress induced by impellers at a membrane surface were made with an electrochemical approach and the results were used to validate CFD simulations. As good results were obtained with the CFD model (<9% error), it was extrapolated to include the non-Newtonian behaviour of activated sludge.

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33

Bunyawanichakul, P., M. P. Kirkpatrick, J. E. Sargison, and G. J. Walker. "Numerical and Experimental Studies of the Flow Field in a Cyclone Dryer." Journal of Fluids Engineering 128, no. 6 (March 10, 2006): 1240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2354523.

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The performance of a newly developed cyclone dryer is investigated using RANS-based single-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental model studies. The cyclone dryer is a cylindrical tower, divided by conical orifices into several chambers; recirculation of the flow within individual chambers ensures adequate retention time for drying of the transported solid material. Numerical calculations are performed using the commercial CFD code CFX5.7 for different mesh types, turbulence models, advection schemes, and mesh resolution. Results of the simulation are compared with data from experimental model studies. The RNG k-ε turbulence model with hexahedral mesh gives satisfactory results. A significant improvement in CFD prediction is obtained when using a second order accurate advection scheme. Useful descriptions of the axial and tangential velocity distributions are obtained, and the pressure drop across the cyclone dryer chamber is predicted with an error of approximately 10%. The optimized numerical model is used to predict the influence of orifice diameter and chamber height on total pressure drop coefficient.

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34

Rossignol, Daniel A., and Richard E. Frye. "Cerebral Folate Deficiency, Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibodies and Leucovorin (Folinic Acid) Treatment in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 11 (November 3, 2021): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111141.

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The cerebral folate receptor alpha (FRα) transports 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) into the brain; low 5-MTHF in the brain causes cerebral folate deficiency (CFD). CFD has been associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and is treated with d,l-leucovorin (folinic acid). One cause of CFD is an autoantibody that interferes with the function of the FRα. FRα autoantibodies (FRAAs) have been reported in ASD. A systematic review was performed to identify studies reporting FRAAs in association with ASD, or the use of d,l-leucovorin in the treatment of ASD. A meta-analysis examined the prevalence of FRAAs in ASD. The pooled prevalence of ASD in individuals with CFD was 44%, while the pooled prevalence of CFD in ASD was 38% (with a significant variation across studies due to heterogeneity). The etiology of CFD in ASD was attributed to FRAAs in 83% of the cases (with consistency across studies) and mitochondrial dysfunction in 43%. A significant inverse correlation was found between higher FRAA serum titers and lower 5-MTHF CSF concentrations in two studies. The prevalence of FRAA in ASD was 71% without significant variation across studies. Children with ASD were 19.03-fold more likely to be positive for a FRAA compared to typically developing children without an ASD sibling. For individuals with ASD and CFD, meta-analysis also found improvements with d,l-leucovorin in overall ASD symptoms (67%), irritability (58%), ataxia (88%), pyramidal signs (76%), movement disorders (47%), and epilepsy (75%). Twenty-one studies (including four placebo-controlled and three prospective, controlled) treated individuals with ASD using d,l-leucovorin. d,l-Leucovorin was found to significantly improve communication with medium-to-large effect sizes and have a positive effect on core ASD symptoms and associated behaviors (attention and stereotypy) in individual studies with large effect sizes. Significant adverse effects across studies were generally mild but the most common were aggression (9.5%), excitement or agitation (11.7%), headache (4.9%), insomnia (8.5%), and increased tantrums (6.2%). Taken together, d,l-leucovorin is associated with improvements in core and associated symptoms of ASD and appears safe and generally well-tolerated, with the strongest evidence coming from the blinded, placebo-controlled studies. Further studies would be helpful to confirm and expand on these findings.

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Kumar, Gaurav, Rohit Kumar, Sagar Dagar, and Raj Kumar Singh. "Comparative Study of Different Missile Shapes using Computational Fluid Dynamics." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 8, no. 3 (2020): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.832012.

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Aerodynamics study using computational fluid dynamics is very famous among the engineers and scientists, because it not only reduces the cost of the entire project but also saves a lot more time. The results of the CFD simulations needed to validate through experiments. So, we can say that CFD simulation studies reduce the no. Of experiments taken, if it cannot eliminate. In this research paper, we made four different aerodynamics missiles shapes CAD models in solid works by using underlying principles, mathematical equations of different curves and engineering judgement, one of them is a missile of standard basic shape. We have analysed and compared them with basic shape of missile. Here, in this study, Volume is taken a constant parameter. Drag Coefficient is the main parameter which is evaluated and studied at different Mach no’s and at a constant angle of attack. Reasons behind the magnificent drop in drag coefficient explained in discussion section.

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Palmada, Nadun, Saeed Hosseini, Recep Avci, John E. Cater, Vinod Suresh, and Leo K. Cheng. "A Systematic Review of Computational Fluid Dynamics Models in the Stomach and Small Intestine." Applied Sciences 13, no. 10 (May 16, 2023): 6092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13106092.

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The use of in silico models to improve our understanding of the fluid dynamics within the gastrointestinal tract has increased over the last few decades. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an in silico technique that can be used to characterize and model the fluid mechanics driving the digestion of food and absorption of nutrients. This systematic review outlines the current methodologies used to develop CFD models of the stomach and small intestine, and summarizes the flow and mixing patterns predicted from these models. A literature search was conducted on Scopus, and 15 stomach CFD studies and 15 small intestine CFD studies were included in this review after the literature selection and exclusion process. Two primary flow patterns; retropulsive flow and recirculation regions, were identified within the stomach CFD models. The flow patterns within the small intestine were depended on the type of motility pattern present. The shortcomings of the current models are discussed, and considerations for future gastric and intestinal flow modeling are provided.

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37

Strokach, Evgeny, Gleb Kozhevnikov, and Aleksey Pozhidaev. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SOLID PARTICLE EROSION IN A GASEOUS FLOW (REVIEW)." Perm National Research Polytechnic University Aerospace Engineering Bulletin, no. 67 (2021): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2224-9982/2021.67.06.

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The paper studies the contemporary state of the numerical simulation of erosive wear by solid particles in gaseous flow based on representative publications in Russian and foreign journals. It is shown that erosion is primarily numerically studied using two approaches: computational fluid dynamics passed techniques and finite-element modeling based techniques. The review has also revealed that, depending on the application, CFD-based methodologies successfully utilize popular eddy viscosity models such as k-omega shear stress transport, standard k-epsilon models etc., and reynolds-stress models. However, the choice of semi-empirical or analytic erosion models applicable for CFD-based methodologies is still ambiguous and subject to specific application. FEM-based methodologies due to usage of an explicit dynamics solver allow for successful estimation of fundamental wear processes of the surface for various materials and can serve as a framework for further deep research and development of new analytical models. Opposite, CFD-based techniques are suitable for engineering tasks, and receive general system parameters as boundary and initial conditions. Regardless of these propitious conditions, currently no studies are published concerning the development of an entire technique which would allow the use of CFD approach based on the erosion models, pre-developed for a range of surface materials, particle velocities, impingement angles, etc. Such methodology, hence, is proposed for development and validation in future studies.

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38

Gaudron, B., H. Cordier, S. Bellet, and D. Monfort. "ICONE23-1744 USING THE PIRT TO REPRESENT APPLICATION AND VALIDATION DOMAINS FOR CFD STUDIES." Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE) 2015.23 (2015): _ICONE23–1—_ICONE23–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicone.2015.23._icone23-1_367.

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39

KONDO, Yasushi, Yukiko ABE, and Hajime YOSHINO. "CASE STUDIES OF EFFECTIVE VENTILATED VOLUME BASED ON CFD SIMULATIONS." Journal of Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 73, no. 628 (2008): 743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aije.73.743.

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40

Raman, Rupak Kumar, Kannan N. Iyer, R. Srinivasa Rao, A. J. Gaikwad, and Sanjeev K. Sharma. "CFD studies of hydrogen distribution in 220 MWe PHWR containment." Nuclear Engineering and Design 396 (September 2022): 111898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2022.111898.

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41

B.J.M.Rao et al.,, B. J. M. Rao et al ,. "CFD Analysis of Hydrodynamic Studies of a Bubbling Fluidized Bed." International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development 7, no. 6 (2017): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24247/ijmperddec2017038.

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42

B.J.M.Rao et al.,, B. J. M. Rao et al ,. "CFD Analysis of Hydrodynamic Studies of a Bubbling Fluidized Bed." International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development 7, no. 6 (2017): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24247/ijmperddec201738.

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43

Tutak, Magdalena, Jarosław Brodny, Antoni John, Janos Száva, Sorin Vlase, and Maria Luminita Scutaru. "CFD Model Studies of Dust Dispersion in Driven Dog Headings." Mathematics 10, no. 20 (October 14, 2022): 3798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10203798.

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Dust is one of the most burdensome hazards found in the environment. It is composed of crushed solids that pose a threat to the health and life of people, machines and machine components. At high concentration levels, it can reduce visibility. All of these negative phenomena occur during the process of underground mining, where dust hazards are common. The negative impact of dust on the efficacy of the mining process prompts research in this area. The following study presents a method developed for model studies of dust dispersion in driven dog headings. This issue is immensely important due to the fact that these dog headings belong to a group of unidirectional excavations (including tunnelling). This paper presents the results of model studies on dust dispersion in driven dog headings. The main focus is on the analysis of the distribution of dust concentration along a dog heading during the mining process. In order to achieve this goal, a model test method based on the finite volume method, which is included in the group of CFD methods, was developed. Analyses were carried out for two different values of dust emission from the face of the excavation for the transient state. The results made it possible to determine areas with the highest potential for dust concentration. The size and location of these areas are mainly dependent on the amount of dust emissions during the mining process. The results can support the process of managing dust prevention and protection of workers during the mining excavation process.

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44

Yuan, Weixing, and Mahmood Khalid. "Preliminary computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies of flapping-wing aerodynamics." Canadian Aeronautics and Space Journal 54, no. 3/4 (September 2008): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5589/q09-001.

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Yashodhar, V., G. Humrutha, M. Kaushik, and S. A. Khan. "CFD Studies on Triangular Micro-Vortex Generators in Flow Control." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 184 (March 2017): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/184/1/012007.

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46

Sakellaris, Ioannis, John G. Bartzis, George C. Efthimiou, and Nektarios Koutsourakis. "CFD studies of pollutant spatial distribution in a large office." International Journal of Environment and Pollution 65, no. 1/2/3 (2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijep.2019.10023402.

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47

Koutsourakis, Nektarios, John G. Bartzis, George C. Efthimiou, and Ioannis Sakellaris. "CFD studies of pollutant spatial distribution in a large office." International Journal of Environment and Pollution 65, no. 1/2/3 (2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijep.2019.101837.

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48

Rao, B. J. M., K. V. N. S. Rao, and G. Ranga Janardhana. "CFD analysis of hydrodynamic studies of a bubbling fluidized bed." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 330 (March 2018): 012090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/330/1/012090.

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49

Wang, Guichao, Linhan Ge, Subhasish Mitra, Geoffrey M. Evans, J. B. Joshi, and Songying Chen. "A review of CFD modelling studies on the flotation process." Minerals Engineering 127 (October 2018): 153–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2018.08.019.

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50

da Silva, Marco Jose, Sebastian Thiele, Thomas Höhne, Roman Vaibar, and Uwe Hampel. "Experimental studies and CFD calculations for buoyancy driven mixing phenomena." Nuclear Engineering and Design 240, no. 9 (September 2010): 2185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2009.11.023.

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