Статті в журналах: "Ceramic absorber coating"

1

Shen, Yan, Hong Xiang Wang, and Yi Peng Pan. "Effect of Current Density on the Microstructure and Corrosion Properties of MAO Coatings on Aluminum Alloy Shock Absorber." Key Engineering Materials 764 (February 2018): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.764.28.

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In order to improve the corrosion resistance of shock absorber for ships, the alumina ceramic coatings are carried out on the surface of aluminum alloy shock absorber by micro arc oxidation (MAO) technology. The microstructure and anti-corrosion performance of the MAO coatings were investigated experimentally. This paper mainly focuses on the experimental work to determine the effect of current density on the structural characteristics and corrosion resistance of MAO coatings. The results show that the current density has a significant influence on the preparation of MAO coating during the process. The surface of the coating becomes more compact and smooth with the cathode voltage of 7 A.dm-2. Furthermore, the anti-corrosion performance of the MAO coatings can effectively be improved at the current density of 7 A.dm-2.

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2

Killinger, Andreas, Gerd Gantenbein, Stefan Illy, Tobias Ruess, Jörg Weggen, and Venancio Martinez-Garcia. "Plasma Spraying of a Microwave Absorber Coating for an RF Dummy Load." Coatings 11, no. 7 (July 2, 2021): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070801.

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The European fusion reactor research facility, called International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), is one of the most challenging projects that involves design and testing of hundreds of separately designed reactor elements and peripheric modules. One of the core elements involved in plasma heating are gyrotrons. They are used as a microwave source in electron–cyclotron resonance heating systems (ECRH) for variable injection of RF power into the plasma ring. In this work, the development and application of an alumina-titania 60/40 mixed oxide ceramic absorber coating on a copper cylinder is described. The cylinder is part of a dummy load used in gyrotron testing and its purpose is to absorb microwave radiation generated by gyrotrons during testing phase. The coating is applied by means of atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). The absorber coating is deposited on the inner diameter of a one-meter cylindrical tube. To ensure homogeneous radiation absorption when the incoming microwave beam is repeatedly scattered along the inner tube surface, the coating shows a varying thickness as a function of the tube length. By this it is ensured that the thermal power is distributed homogeneously on the entire inner tube surface. This paper describes a modeling approach of the coating thickness distribution, the manufacturing concept for the internal plasma spray coating and the coating characterization with regard to coating microstructure and microwave absorption characteristics.

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3

Bensebaa, F., D. Di Domenicantonio, L. Scoles, D. Kingston, P. Mercier, and G. Marshall. "Alternative coating technologies for metal–ceramic nanocomposite films: potential application for solar thermal absorber." International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 11, no. 3 (March 26, 2014): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctt081.

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4

Alkan, Gözde, Peter Mechnich, and Johannes Pernpeintner. "Improved Performance of Ceramic Solar Absorber Particles Coated with Black Oxide Pigment Deposited by Resonant Acoustic Mixing and Reaction Sintering." Coatings 12, no. 6 (May 31, 2022): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12060757.

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Spherical particles based on bauxite-type raw materials, commonly referred to as proppants, are state-of-the-art for particle receivers of concentrated solar power plants. Particles are heated in a fluidized reactor by focused sunlight and are transported to a heat-exchanger or a storage tank. Therefore, key properties for absorber particles are high solar absorptance and mechanical endurance. Due to their relatively poor content of color-giving transition-metal cations, bauxite-derived proppants show limited solar absorptance, which is even deteriorating by long-term heat exposure. A deep-black Cu, Mn, Fe- pigment with a spinel structure was employed to coat standard proppants in order to improve solar absorptance. The coating process was performed by high-energy, high-speed mixing of proppants and small quantities of spinel powders in a resonant acoustic mixer. A continuous powder coating is achieved by electrostatic attraction between the proppant surface and the coating particles. Consolidation and strong attachment of the coating is achieved by the subsequent sintering beyond the spinel melting temperature. Chemical reaction and bonding between spinel coating and proppant lead to the incorporation of Al, Mg and Ti into the spinel structure. Coated bauxite proppants exhibit a significantly improved, long-term stable solar absorption accompanied by a promising abrasion resistance. The presented coating methodology is considered to be scalable to industrial production.

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5

Ding, Ding, Wenjing He, and Chunlu Liu. "Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of Vanadium-Titanium Black Ceramic Solar Collectors." Energies 14, no. 3 (January 26, 2021): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14030618.

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The vanadium-titanium black ceramic (VTBC) coating on all-ceramic solar collectors has both high absorptance (0.94) and high emissivity (90%). However, the thermal conductivity of ceramic is very low (1.256 W/mK). To improve the heat collection efficiency of VTBC solar collectors, this paper establishes a mathematical model based on the energy-conservation relationships under steady-state conditions and creates a corresponding computer program. Key parameters for VTBC solar collectors include the heat-removal factor, effective transmittance-absorptance product for the absorber, total heat loss coefficient, etc. Then, via experimental testing, this study proposes a reference model for domestic VTBC solar collectors in a cold location (η = 0.89 − 2.20Tm*). Last, this work analyzes the influences of fin design and transparent cover design on VTBC solar collectors individually, using the created computer program. Results show that the most effective optimization method is to increase the transmittance of the transparent cover. By increasing the transmittance from 0.93 to 0.96, this study creates an optimized VTBC solar collector theoretical model (η = 0.92 − 2.20Tm*).

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6

Guo, Hui-Xia, Dong-Mei Yu, Cheng-Yu He, Xiao-Li Qiu, Shuai-Sheng Zhao, Gang Liu, and Xiang-Hu Gao. "Double-layer solar absorber coating based on high entropy ceramic AlCrMoTaTiN: Structure, optical properties and failure mechanism." Surfaces and Interfaces 24 (June 2021): 101062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101062.

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7

Kumar P, Ranjith, Mohammed Adnan Hasan, Arjun Dey, and Bikramjit Basu. "Development of ZrB2-Based Single Layer Absorber Coating and Molten Salt Corrosion of Bulk ZrB2–SiC Ceramic for Concentrated Solar Power Application." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 125, no. 24 (June 15, 2021): 13581–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c01984.

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8

Bekale, Vincent Menvie, Corinne Legros, Gael Sattonnay, Anne Marie Huntz, Bernard Lesage, Christos Argirusis, and François Jomard. "Diffusion Study of Cerium and Gadolinium in Single- and Polycrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia." Defect and Diffusion Forum 258-260 (October 2006): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.258-260.46.

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Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramic is considered as an attractive matrix for nuclear applications, such as inert matrix for the destruction of excess plutonium or good host material for nuclear waste storage. Some actinide elements in high-level radioactive wastes can be simulated by cerium as tetravalent actinide, and gadolinium as trivalent actinide or neutron absorber. The present work is focused on the diffusion study of Ce and Gd in YSZ single crystal and high density polycrystals. A thin film of Ce or Gd was deposited either by spin-coating method or by physical vapour deposition on the surface of polished samples. The diffusion experiments were performed from 1173 to 1673 K under air. The Ce or Gd diffusion profiles were determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The experiments led to the determination of effective diffusion coefficient, Deff, bulk and grain boundary diffusion coefficients, DB and DGB. The dependence of these diffusion coefficients on temperature is described by means of Arrhenius equations and the diffusivity is compared with literature.

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9

CHEN, CHUANZHONG, QING DONG, and DIANGANG WANG. "MICROSTRUCTURE AND ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS OF CERAMIC-LIKE COATINGS ON THE AZ91 ALLOY BY MICRO-ARC OXIDATION." Surface Review and Letters 13, no. 01 (February 2006): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x06007846.

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Ceramic-like coatings were deposited on the substrate of the AZ91 alloy by micro-arc oxidation (MAO). Many methods like X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS) were used to analyze the structure and composition of the coating. XRD showed that the MAO coating was mainly composed of MgO . The results of SEM showed that the coating surface possessed a porous microstructure and the pore size was in the range of 1–3 μm. EDS indicated that the coating matrix was relatively dense and had a homogeneous thickness. The element silicon from the applied electrolyte could be absorbed into the coating in the MAO process. The hardness of the MgO coatings could reach 513 HV0.025 that was about four times higher than that of the substrate. It is expected that the coatings have a great potential in the surface protection of magnesium alloys.

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10

Madruga, Camila Ferreira Leite, Gabriela Freitas Ramos, Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges, Guilherme de Siqueira Ferreira Anzaloni Saavedra, Rodrigo Othávio Souza, Renata Marques de Melo Marinho, and Marcela Moreira Penteado. "Stress Distribution in Modified Veneer Crowns: 3D Finite Element Analysis." Oral 1, no. 3 (September 16, 2021): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/oral1030026.

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(1) Background: to propose a new approach for crown veneers, with the use of an aesthetic porcelain coating, only in part of the zirconia infrastructure, and to analyze its biomechanical behavior to minimize chipping failures. (2) Methods: a maxillary molar was modeled using CAD software, preparing for traditional crowns and veneer crowns with various lengths. Five groups were formed: M—control group (monolithic crown of ultra-translucent zirconia); B—conventional (bilayer crown of ultra-translucent zirconia and ceramic covering); V—veneer (ultra-translucent zirconia crown with reduction only in the buccal and application of covering ceramics); V1—ultra-translucent zirconia crown with buccal reduction and 1 mm occlusal extension for covering ceramic application); V1.5—ultra-translucent zirconia crown with buccal reduction and 1.5 mm occlusal extension for application of covering ceramics. A load of 600 N was performed axially to a fossa bottom to simulate parafunction, and 300 N to the cusp tip to obtain the maximum principal stress results. (3) Results: group B showed a higher stress concentration in the occlusal region of the restorations, while the other groups absorbed the stress and dissipated it throughout the crown, presenting a higher stress concentration in the interface region with the tooth. (4) Conclusion: the highly translucent zirconia ceramic only associated with buccal covering ceramic could add aesthetic gain and rigidity to the system and could be a good option to restore maxillary molars in patients who do not have parafunction.

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11

Cho, Seung-Am, Raymond Fookes, and Charles A. Garris. "Efficiency of ceramic absorber coatings for solar-thermal conversion." Ceramics International 11, no. 4 (October 1985): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-8842(85)90196-8.

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12

Morel, Sławomir. "The influence of a radiated heat exchanger surface on heat transfer." Archives of Thermodynamics 36, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoter-2015-0028.

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Abstract The experiment leads to establish the influence of radiated surface development heat exchangers on the values of heat flux transferred with water flowing through the exchangers and placed in electric furnace chamber. The values of emissivity coefficients are given for the investigated metal and ceramic coatings. Analytical calculations have been made for the effect of the heating medium (flame) – uncoated wall and then heating medium (flame) – coated wall reciprocal emissivity coefficients. Analysis of the values of exchanged heat flux were also realized. Based on the measurement results for the base coating properties, these most suitable for spraying the walls of furnaces and heat exchangers were selected, and determined by the intensification of heat exchange effect. These coatings were used to spray the walls of a laboratory waste-heat boiler, and then measurements of fluxes of heat absorbed by the cooling water flowing through the boiler tubes covered with different type coatings were made. Laboratory tests and calculations were also confirmed by the results of full-scale operation on the metallurgical equipment.

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13

Ma, Pengjun, Qingfen Geng, Xianghu Gao, Shengrong Yang, and Gang Liu. "Cu1.5Mn1.5O4-based ceramic spectrally selective coatings for efficient solar absorber applications." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 675 (August 2016): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.081.

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14

Nam, Young-Woo, Jae-Hun Choi, Jeong-Moo Huh, Won-Jun Lee, and Chun-Gon Kim. "Thin broadband microwave absorber with conductive and magnetic materials coated on a glass fabric." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 10 (August 16, 2017): 1413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317724215.

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This paper presents a thin broadband microwave absorber that is manufactured by electrical modification of a glass fabric using two different types of coating techniques in the C band to the Ku band (4–18 GHz). Unlike the production method of conventional absorbers, the proposed microwave absorbers were manufactured using a triple-layered structure. The latter consists of glass/epoxy, Ni-coated glass fabric, and Ni-Co-coated glass fabric without dispersed carbonaceous nano-conductive particles in the polymer matrix. The glass fabric was coated with a Ni and a Ni-Co magnetic nanomaterial via electroless plating and RF magnetron sputtering techniques. The element components, phase identification, and magnetic properties of the conductive and magnetic material-coated glass fabrics were examined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. The results showed that high dielectric and magnetic properties can be obtained in the target frequency range owing to the conductive and the magnetic material. The proposed two types of broadband microwave absorbers have a low thickness value of 0.858 and 3.305 mm; the design of the broadband absorbers resulted in two strong resonance peaks near 8.5 and 16.3 GHz and satisfied the −10 dB absorption performance from 6.32 to 18 GHz.

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15

Wang, Jian, Zhikun Ren, Yi Luo, Zuoxu Wu, Yijie Liu, Shuaihang Hou, Xingjun Liu, Qian Zhang, and Feng Cao. "High-Performance Spectrally Selective Absorber Using the ZrB2-Based All-Ceramic Coatings." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 13, no. 34 (August 18, 2021): 40522–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c08947.

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16

Merzlikin, Vladimir, Andrei Bystrov, Vitaly Minashkin, Vladimir Marynenko, and Fedor Zagumennov. "Thermal Mode Optimization of Combustion Chamber Walls for Power-Plants Using Semitransparent Porous Ceramics." Coatings 10, no. 3 (March 9, 2020): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030252.

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The paper examines control and management by thermal mode of the internal surface of heat-insulated combustion chamber walls for green & efficient diesel and gas turbine engines due to the application of opaque or semitransparent thermal barrier materials (coatings). The authors’ model is devoted to combined radiant heat transfer both inside the heat-insulated combustion chamber and its ceramics walls, which could be scattering and absorbing for penetrating radiant component in the subsurface volume of optically heterogeneous porous material. The influence of thermal conduction, scattering (absorption) and external convective effects on the increase of the internal overheating zone in subsurface layers is simulated under intensive radiation. The unique set of optical, thermal-physical and mechanical properties of structural ceramics, depending on their porosity, were first proposed. The radiation fields of the absorbed energy in the near IR region and the corresponding temperature distributions in the modeled opaque and semitransparent ceramics walls were calculated under a stationary radiant-convective heat load during the active combustion phase at time intervals 0.01…0.1 s (diesel engines) and 10...100 s (turbine ones). In order to control the emission of nitrogen oxides, the authors propose a generation model of NOx, its growth or reduction caused by the management of radiant overheating inside semitransparent heat-insulation in which surface temperature is due to volumetric radiant absorption. It is shown that for semitransparent materials (coatings), the optimal thermal mode is determined first of all by thermal radiant characteristics in near IR at heating small times and it begins to correct at long ones due to the effect of thermal conductivity. This process may be modeled and regulated by the selected microstructural porosity of ceramic heat insulation.

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17

Vashin, A. S., S. V. Evseev, G. A. Zhabin, G. F. Korepin, and A. N. Pashkov. "On the possibility of using detonation ceramic coatings as microwave energy absorbers." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1313 (September 2019): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1313/1/012057.

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18

Morozov, E. V., V. M. Bouznik, A. S. Bespalov, and D. V. Graschenkov. "Magnetic resonance imaging of water absorption by highly porous ceramic materials." Доклады Академии наук 484, no. 5 (May 16, 2019): 563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-56524845563-567.

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By using the magnetic resonance imaging method the nontrivial character of water absorption was demonstrated for the first time in highly porous ceramic materials. The effect of hygroscopic memory was found out which is that the preferable concentration of absorbed water in certain areas within the sample persists regardless the subsequent sample wetting history. Coating the oxide fibres with fluorine-containing hydrocarbons in supercritical CO2 in order to hydrophobize the material has been shown to affect substantially the water transport within the sample that can be referred to as an effective approach to protect the porous materials from humid environment. The results obtained demonstrate the advantages of the magnetic resonance imaging in studying the water absorption processes and visualization of water pathways in highly porous ceramic materials.

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19

Lee, Youn Ki, Byung Sung Kim, and Sung Lim Ryu. "Pollutant Decomposition in Micro Porous Ceramics Made Out of Volcanic Rocks." Materials Science Forum 695 (July 2011): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.695.283.

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Micro porous ceramics made out of volcanic rock have been considered as a pollution control material, since they show unique functional properties such as far infrared ray(IR) radiation, deodorization, anti bacterial function, and hygroscopic function. Here, it is well known that the ceramics have shown a mere adsorption function rather than the decomposition of absorbed substances. In an attempt to endow a sustained deodorization capability into the micro porous ceramics made out of volcanic rock, which has a normal pollution control function, TiO2slurry as a photo catalyst was prepared and spray coated on the surface of the ceramics. Specific heat treatment has been performed at 200°C for 30 minutes after spray coating of TiO2slurry and the subsequent deodorization properties were evaluated using the standard gas-bag method, which was established by Korea Photo catalyst Association and Japan Photo catalyst Association.

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20

Ban Walid Muhammad, Ban Walid Muhammad. "Flash heating of epoxy based corrosion inhibitor thin films on aluminum substrates: التسخين الومضي لمانع التآكل القائم على الإيبوكسي أغشية رقيقة على ركائز الألومنيوم". Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences 6, № 1 (27 березня 2022): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.i240821.

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The following investigation shows the experimental evaluation of a transient heat load centered on a corrosion inhibitor coating employed in the epoxy polyamide primary. The temperature at which the epoxy polyamide film initiated thermal deterioration increased with increased heating rates. This coating is a Deft Inc.'s high- quality solid epoxy primary. A single inch diameter lamp on two types of aluminum substrates was focused on the xenon flashlight: AA2024- T4 and AA7075- T3. For modeling purposes, edge effects have not been explored. The ceramic firebrick isolated the coated aluminum disks to ensure minimum edge effects. The FTCS model has been designed to calculate the temporary reaction to the thermal energy flash load. It has been demonstrated that substrates have a substantial impact on epoxy polyamide film energy absorption, film surface temperatures and absorbed energy.

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21

Si, Peng, Yan Liu, Junbo Yan, Fan Bai, and Fenglei Huang. "Ballistic Performance of Polyurea-Reinforced Ceramic/Metal Armor Subjected to Projectile Impact." Materials 15, no. 11 (May 31, 2022): 3918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15113918.

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Although polyurea has attracted extensive attention in impact mitigation due to its protective characteristics during intensive loading, the ballistic performance of polyurea-reinforced ceramic/metal armor remains unclear. In the present study, polyurea-reinforced ceramic/metal armor with different structures was designed, including three types of coating positions of the polyurea. The ballistic tests were conducted with a ballistic gun; the samples were subjected to a tungsten projectile formed into a cylinder 8 mm in diameter and 30 mm in length, and the deformation process of the tested targets was recorded with a high-speed camera. The ballistic performance of the polyurea-reinforced ceramic/metal armor was evaluated according to mass efficiency. The damaged targets were investigated in order to determine the failure patterns and the mechanisms of interaction between the projectile and the target. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the microstructure of polyurea and to understand its failure mechanisms. The results showed that the mass efficiency of the polyurea-coated armor was 89% higher than that of ceramic/metal armor, which implies that polyurea-coated ceramic armor achieved higher ballistic performance with lighter mass quality than that of ceramic/metal armor. The improvement of ballistic performance was due to the energy absorbed by polyurea during glass transition. These results are promising regarding further applications of polyurea-reinforced ceramic/metal armor.

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22

Juang, Rei Cheng, Yung Chin Yeh, Shiau Wei Chang, and Wen Chieh Chen. "New Magnetron Sputtered Stainless Steel Nitride Cermet Solar Absorbing Coatings." Advances in Science and Technology 55 (September 2008): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.55.181.

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This paper presents a new method for sputtering solar selective absorber coatings. Radio frequency magnetron reactive sputtering created stainless steel/stainless steel nitride (SS/SS-N) cermet (ceramic-metal composite) thin films under varied nitrogen gas flow ratios. In this present study, a stainless steel material is used for one-target sputtering to manufacture a solar selective absorber film having good solar absorptance of 0.91 and low thermal emittance of 0.06. This sputtering process shows considerable and stable usefulness due to the anti-oxidation and single target. Optical constants n and k have been determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry for cermet composite in a reactive gas flow from 0 percent to 50 percent. Based on the nitrogen content of the film, we used a different oscillator to analyze the film. When the nitrogen gas flow reaches 10 percent, the sputtered film has a significant transformation from metal to cermet properties. When the nitrogen gas flow goes above 17.5 percent, then the film transforms to a dielectric film which can be an anti-reflection layer. A solar absorptance of 0.92 was accepted as the theoretical prediction of optimal selective solar-absorbing three-layer processes which shows that the experimental results agree well with the theoretical prediction.

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Ma, Pengjun, Qingfen Geng, Xianghu Gao, Shengrong Yang, and Gang Liu. "CuCr2O4 Spinel Ceramic Pigments Synthesized by Sol-Gel Self-Combustion Method for Solar Absorber Coatings." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 25, no. 7 (May 25, 2016): 2814–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-016-2143-z.

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24

Wang, Ying Chun, Yu Yong Yang, and Mei Chun Wang. "Bioceramic Composite Coatings Fabricated by Nd-YAG Laser Cladding Process on Ti6Al4V Substrate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 198-199 (September 2012): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.198-199.68.

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Laser cladding technology was adopted to fabricate hydroxyapatite(HAP) and calcium phosphate compound coating according to the feature that a metallurgical bonding can be formed by laser cladding process. Compared with CO2laser, Nd-YAG laser has different wavelength(the former is 1.06μm and the latter is 10.06μm). Metal and ceramic material has quite different absorbance ability towards them and thus they can generate different laser cladding products by these two laser surface processings with different wavelength. This paper presents a new process and mechanism analysis to obtain bioceramic composite coating on Ti6Al4V substrate by Nd-YAG laser cladding. A bioceramic composite coating including HAP，Ca2P2O7，Ca3(PO4)2and calcium titanates and was successfully obtained by Nd-YAG laser cladding with pre-depositing mixed powders of CaHPO4•2H2O and CaCO3directly on Ti6Al4V substrate. Nd-YAG laser transmits mixed powders of CaHPO4•2H2O and CaCO3and the laser power is absorbed by Ti6Al4V substrate to produce a thin layer of molten region. There are mainly two kinds of chemical reaction systems in the coating during laser cladding processing. When CaHPO4•2H2O and CaCO3react together, they make calcium phosphate bioceramic products; The microstructure of the bioceramic composite coating is even and minute because of the rapid solidification in laser processing. A chemical metallergical bonding is formed between the boceramic composite coating and Ti6Al4V substrate. It can also be expected that Nd-YAG laser cladding technology can be used as a further modification procedure to enhance HAp/metal interface property.

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25

Yevtushenko, Aleksander, Katarzyna Topczewska, and Przemysław Zamojski. "Influence of Functionally Graded Protective Coating on the Temperature in a Braking System." Materials 16, no. 12 (June 10, 2023): 4308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16124308.

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A mathematical model of heat generation due to friction in a disc–pad braking system was developed with consideration of a thermal barrier coating (TBC) on the friction surface of the disc. The coating was made of functionally graded material (FGM). The three-element geometrical scheme of the system consisted of two homogeneous half-spaces (pad and disc) and a functionally graded coating (FGC) deposited on the friction surface of the disc. It was assumed that the frictional heat generated on the coating-pad contact surface was absorbed to the insides of friction elements along the normal to this surface. Thermal contact of friction between the coating and the pad as well as the heat contact between the coating and the substrate were perfect. On the basis of such assumptions, the thermal friction problem was formulated, and its exact solution was obtained for constant and linearly descending specific friction power over time. For the first case, the asymptotic solutions for small and large values of time were also found. A numerical analysis was performed on an example of the system containing a metal ceramic (FMC-11) pad, sliding on the surface of a FGC (ZrO2–Ti-6Al-4V) applied on a cast iron (ChNMKh) disc. It was established that the application of a TBC made of FGM on the surface of a disc could effectively reduce the level of temperature achieved during braking.

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26

Kozhukharov, Stephan V., Vassil I. Samichkov, Christian A. Girginov, and Maria S. Machkova. "Actual trends in the elaboration of advanced multifunctional coating systems for the efficient protection of lightweight aircraft alloys." Corrosion Reviews 35, no. 6 (December 20, 2017): 383–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2017-0026.

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AbstractOne of the pillars of developed economics is modern transport, where there is always a high demand for the elaboration of lightweight efficient vehicles and transport facilities. Aluminum and magnesium alloys encounter continuously increasing applications in high-performance aircraft, automobile, and marine vehicles. Various advanced multilayered corrosion protective coating systems have recently been proposed to provide a reliable long-term corrosion protection combined with a number of supplemental beneficial properties. The present brief review is an attempt to summarize the basic trends and concepts regarding the elaboration of environmentally friendly multilayered and multifunctional corrosion protective coating systems. Our work summarizes these recent trends, including recently accepted environmental requirements. We have also distinguished the concepts for active and passive corrosion protection capabilities. The basic approach for the achievement of efficient active corrosion protection properties are outlined with suitable examples, such as inhibitor incorporation into ceramic or carbon nanoparticles, encapsulation of active self-healing compounds, reinforcing phase involvement and coating, finished by ultraviolet absorbers and hydrophobic compounds. As a main result, an entire conceptual model has been proposed based on the state-of-the-art analysis.

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27

Yang, Zhaoning, Fa Luo, Wancheng Zhou, Dongmei Zhu, and Zhibin Huang. "Design of a broadband electromagnetic absorbers based on TiO2/Al2O3 ceramic coatings with metamaterial surfaces." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 687 (December 2016): 384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.06.166.

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28

Peng, Zhiwei, Jiann-Yang Hwang, and Matthew Andriese. "Design of double-layer ceramic absorbers for microwave heating." Ceramics International 39, no. 6 (August 2013): 6721–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.01.114.

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29

Zang, Jian Bing, Jing Lu, Yan Hui Wang, X. H. Qi, and Yun Gang Yuan. "Ti Coating of Nanocrystalline Diamond by Atomic Layer Deposition." Key Engineering Materials 304-305 (February 2006): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.304-305.48.

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Nanocrystalline diamond compact possesses not only the advantageous performance of polycrystalline diamond but also the high strength and the high toughness of nano-ceramics. However, single-phase nanocrystalline diamond compact is very difficult to sinter because of a huge amount of oxygen-containing and nitrogen-containing functional groups absorbed on the surface of nanocrystalline diamond. In this paper, atomic layer deposition (ALD) method has been used to coat nanocrystalline diamond with titanium, which will promote the bonding of nanocrystalline diamond as the bond in polycrystalline diamond. In vacuum, the H2 and TiCl4 reactants were employed alternately in an ABAB… binary reaction sequence to achieve Ti layer, which reacted with diamond matrix and formed TiC in the coating, realizing strong chemical bonding between the coating and the diamond. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to study the structure and the morphology of the coating. The results confirmed the formation of titanium carbide at the depositing temperature 500°C. The darker spots and strips observed on nanocrystalline diamond particles by TEM were proved to be TiC and the nucleation and subsequent growth of TiC preferentially occurred in the defects as twin zones and dislocation areas on diamond surfaces.

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30

Ainscough, J. B., D. A. Moore, and S. C. Osborn. "Europia ceramics for use as fast reactor neutron absorbers." Ceramics International 11, no. 4 (October 1985): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-8842(85)90073-2.

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31

Wu, Jianfeng, Yaxiang Zhang, Xiaohong Xu, Xinbin Lao, Kun Li та Xiaoyang Xu. "A novel in-situ β-Sialon/Si3N4 ceramic used for solar heat absorber". Ceramics International 41, № 10 (грудень 2015): 14440–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.07.080.

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32

Ma, Pengjun, Qingfen Geng, Xianghu Gao, Tianhong Zhou, Shengrong Yang, and Gang Liu. "Aqueous solution-derived CuMn2O4 ceramic films for spectrally selective solar absorbers." Ceramics International 42, no. 16 (December 2016): 19047–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.09.062.

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33

Sainz, M. A., A. Durán, and J. M. Fernández Navarro. "UV highly absorbent coatings with CeO2 and TiO2." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 121, no. 1-3 (May 1990): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(90)90150-k.

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34

Gonzalez Aguilar, C., M. Reboredo, and M. Castro. "Influence of humidity on the dielectric behaviour of BaTiO3–epoxy composites." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 13 (November 1, 2019): 1639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319885008.

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Epoxy resin and their particulate composites are widely used in different industries, as aeronautical, automotive, microelectronics and coatings. The water absorption can deteriorate the properties on these materials when they are used in service. Many factors influence in water absorption process, as the quantity of hydroxyls groups, the glass transition temperature of the resin or the presence of a dispersed second phase. Thus, the objective of this work is to determine the dielectric behavior of BaTiO3–epoxy composites in different humid environments (controlled moisture of 80, 50 and 30%) and at room temperature. Results of pure resin samples show that dielectric permittivity increases with the percentage of absorbed water and that this increase is greater for the samples exposed to more humid environments. Interestingly, the addition of ceramic particles not only increases the composite dielectric properties but also reduces the water absorption in all the cases.

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35

Besisa, Dina H. A., Emad M. M. Ewais, Essam A. Mohamed, Nada H. A. Besisa, and Yasser M. Z. Ahmed. "Inspection of thermal stress parameters of high temperature ceramics and energy absorber materials." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 203 (December 2019): 110160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2019.110160.

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36

Fang, Zhenggang, Le Chen, Yaru Ni, Chunhua Lu та Zhongzi Xu. "Robust optical properties of Re0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ (Re = Nd, Eu, Gd) ceramics for high temperature solar absorber applications". Applied Surface Science 469 (березень 2019): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.11.009.

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37

Petrova, V. A., V. V. Garbuz, V. B. Muratov, M. V. Karpets, T. A. Silinska, L. N. Kuzmenko, T. N. Terentyeva, A. A. Vasiliev, P. V. Mazur, and T. V. Khomko. "Specific surface, crystalite size of AlB12-nano of products of interaction "BN-Al" in vacuum." Surface 13(28) (December 30, 2021): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2021.13.175.

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Boron carbide (BC, B15-xCx B4C) has a unique combination of properties. This makes it a material for priority applications for a wide range of engineering solutions. The high melting point and heat resistance of the compound contribute to its use in refractory conditions. Due to its extreme abrasion resistance, B4C is used as an abrasive powder and coating. Due to its high hardness and low density, B15-xCx has ballistic characteristics. It is usually used in nuclear programs as an absorbent of neutron radiation Boron carbide ceramics (B15-xCx or BC) may lose strength and toughness due to the amorphization effect under high shear stresses. Aluminum dodecaboride AlB12 or B12Al, as well as boron carbide B12 [(CCC) x (CBC) 1-x] have common structural units B12 family of boron-icosahedral structures. The bond between icosahedrons is mainly due to atoms (Al, Si, O) or chains (CMC), where M is Al, Si, B, C. Doping BC powder with a small amount of AlB12, in cases of shock-shear stress, triggers the mechanism of "micro-cracking". Micro cracks and pores are formed in ceramics. The breakdown voltage decreases. AlB12 synthesis is associated with known difficulties. On the other hand. The production of metal-ceramic materials for several decades is associated with the interaction of liquid aluminum and boron nitride. The calculation of this reaction shows that it is exothermic. Avoiding oxidation in vacuum, the reaction occurs through the formation of aluminum nitride and aluminum dodeca-boride. In contrast to the liquid state, the process continues until the end, at conditional temperatures of evaporation of aluminum with slight changes in vacuum. The reaction product is a mixture of nanosized AlN/AlB12 powders with a weight ratio of 3/1 ready for baking without grinding. The acid-base properties of the nanosized powder mixture AlN + AlB12, the products of the interaction BN + Al in vacuum, which are used optionally, emit separate in pure phases of aluminum nitride and aluminum dodeca-boride. The yield of AlB12 is ~ 25%, boron reaches ~ 100%. The average particle size of the AlB12 powders according to TEM and ACS X-rays (area of coherent X-rays scattering), L (nm) is LTEM=110-150nm, LACS=51-70nm. The average specific surface area of the powder according to BET, TEM and ACS, SBET.m2/g=21,0-15,0; STEM.m2/g=21,4-15,4; SACS.m2/g=46,1-33,6; (at 1460 and 1640K, respectively).

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38

Salustio, Janaina, Sandro M. Torres, Anne C. Melo, Ângelo J. Costa e. Silva, António C. Azevedo, Jennef C. Tavares, Matheus S. Leal, and João M. P. Q. Delgado. "Mortar Bond Strength: A Brief Literature Review, Tests for Analysis, New Research Needs and Initial Experiments." Materials 15, no. 6 (March 21, 2022): 2332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15062332.

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Despite technological advances in the production processes of the materials for ceramic façade coatings, the problems of detachments are still frequent. Therefore, this work aims to investigate, through a literature review, the existing gaps related to the adhesion ability of adhesive mortars, identifying new research needs that can better explain the behavior of the material. In addition, an experimental procedure was developed to evaluate the mechanical capacity of adhesive mortars when subjected to cyclic stresses. Dynamic stress measurements are presented for several blocks of mortar and on similar blocks but with a slot drilled prior to measurements (intended to represent failure). From these data we calculated values of stress energy, elastic energy, and dissipated energy. The experimental results showed that the energy involved in the test process accompanied the load values and current stress values. The mortar samples with the previous failure absorbed and dissipated less energy than mortars without failure, showing that materials that have less energy to dissipate, are materials that have developed less capacity to adhere, that is, to keep their parts together.

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39

Qiu, Xiao-Li, Xiang-Hu Gao, Cheng-Yu He, and Gang Liu. "Enhanced thermal stability of the TiB2–ZrB2 composite ceramic based high temperature spectrally selective absorber coatings: Optical properties, failure analysis and chromaticity investigation." Optical Materials 100 (February 2020): 109666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2020.109666.

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40

Haffane, N., T. Benameur, R. Granger, and J. M. Vergnaud. "Correlation between the State of Cure of Unsaturated Polyester Coatings and Their Resistance to Ethanol." Polymers and Polymer Composites 3, no. 2 (February 1995): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739119500300206.

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The correlation between the state of cure of an unsaturated polyester coating and its resistance to ethanol at room temperature is studied. The heat generated by the remainder of the cure reaction at a given time as a fraction of the total heat generated is called the state of cure. Sheets with various states of cure ranging from 75 to 95% were prepared and put in contact with an ethanolic solution at 95% ethanol. The process of ethanol absorption is controlled by transient diffusion with a constant diffusivity. A statement is obtained: the higher the state of cure, the lower the amount of ethanol absorbed and the lower the diffusivity.

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41

Wang, Wei, Xi Huan, and Chengbing Wang. "Thermal annealing characteristics of solar selective absorber coatings based on nano-multilayered MoOx films." Ceramics International 46, no. 17 (December 2020): 27219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.07.205.

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42

Kumar, Rahul, Sujit Kumar Verma, Naveen Kumar Gupta, and Santosh Kumar Singh. "Performance Enhancement of TSAH using Graphene and Graphene/CeO_2 -Black Paint Coating on Absorber: A Comparative Study." Evergreen 9, no. 3 (September 2022): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.5109/4843098.

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43

Li, Xiaolong, Zhenxing Li, Xianguo Liu, Shihong Zhang, and Songlin Ran. "Fe/amorphous ceramics core/shell structured nanoflakes-assembled rod-like architecture for efficient microwave absorber." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 50, no. 48 (November 7, 2017): 485302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa920e.

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44

Liu, Yuandong, Yangzheng Li, Junlei Tang, Wenfeng Zhang, and Bing Lin. "Influence of a Precursor Film with a Copper Gradient on the Properties of a Copper Indium Gallium Selenide Solar Cell." Coatings 12, no. 9 (September 17, 2022): 1358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091358.

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A precursor film with a Cu gradient was prepared in order to improve the quality of the absorber film produced by sputtering CIGS targets when using glass substrates. Two ceramic quaternary targets with different copper content were used for alternatively sputtering to get a bi-layer precursor film with a Cu gradient; meanwhile, the crystallization property and cell performance were studied. This was done in order to study the activities of the Cu element in the precursor layer before and after selenization. The film states of the temperature-rise period and high temperature selenization period were investigated. The appropriate structure of the precursor film was the Cu-rich layer underneath the Cu-poor layer. The Cu–Se phase, which is important for the crystalline property, can be produced in the Cu-rich layer under the heating period. The Cu-poor layer on the top reacts with the Cu-Se compound in the annealing process at a high temperature, and the big grain size of the absorber layer can be obtained due to Cu diffusion promoted by the gradient in the precursor film, as well as better conversion efficiency. This result shows that constructing the precursor film with a Cu gradient by sputtering different quaternary CIGS targets is a very promising fabrication method to obtain high-performance solar-cell devices with a good crystallization property under an annealing temperature of 550 °C and is suitable for further industrialized application.

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45

Vasconcelos, N. S. L. S., J. S. Vasconcelos, V. Bouquet, S. M. Zanetti, E. R. Leite, E. Longo, M. I. Bernardi, A. Perrin, M. Guilloux-Viry, and J. A. Varela. "Sinterização de filmes finos de LiNbO3 em forno microondas: estudo da influência da direção do fluxo de calor." Cerâmica 50, no. 314 (June 2004): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69132004000200009.

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Filmes finos de LiNbO3 foram preparados pelo método dos precursores poliméricos e depositados por "spin coating" sobre substratos de safira (0001). Os filmes foram tratados em forno microondas doméstico a 400 ºC por 15 e 20 min. Um material com alta perda dielétrica (susceptor de SiC) foi usado para absorver energia das microondas e transformá-la em calor. Este calor foi transferido para o filme a fim de promover a sua cristalização. O susceptor foi posicionado acima do filme ou embaixo do substrato. Desta forma, a influência da direção do fluxo de calor na cristalização das amostras foi verificada. Os filmes foram caracterizados por difração de raios X, microscopia de força atômica e espectrofotometria (transmitância) na região UV-visível e o índice de refração foi determinado por elipsometria. O crescimento epitaxial foi observado para o filme com susceptor posicionado embaixo do substrato. Verificou-se que os grãos apresentaram crescimento aleatório quando o susceptor foi posicionado acima do filme. Os filmes apresentaram-se relativamente densos, homogêneos e lisos, com boas propriedades ópticas.

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46

Wang, Yu, Shun Wang, Guangdong Zhu, Jianjun Xie, Zhan Chen, and Ying Shi. "Optimizing Hydrolysis Resistance and Dispersion Characteristics via Surface Modification of Aluminum Nitride Powder Coated with PVP-b-P(St-alt-ITA) Copolymer." Molecules 27, no. 8 (April 11, 2022): 2457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27082457.

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Developing new coating modification technology of aluminum nitride (AlN) powder for higher hydrolysis resistance is the key to prepare high-performance AlN ceramic substrate with water-based wet process in the future. In the this paper, The poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-b-poly(Styrene/Itaconic anhydride) (PVP-b-P(St/ITA))block copolymer with PVP as the independent chain segment was designed and synthesized through reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, which was used for the study on coating modification, hydrolysis resistance, and dispersion performance of AIN powder. The study results show that, when using PVP macromolecular chain transfer agent (PVP-CTA) for the RAFT chain extension and polymerization in St/ITA binary system, the molecular weight increases linearly and the molecular weight distribution tends to decrease with the monomer conversion rate, which is in line with the activity-controlled characteristics of RAFT polymerization. The copolymer PVP-b-P(St/ITA) was used to for surface modification treatment of submicron AlN powder to generate esterification reaction, which was absorbed and bound to the powder surface. Hydrolysis resistance and dispersion experiments were conducted for modified powder, and the crystal phase and micro structure of modified powder were analyzed and observed through XRD, SEM, and TEM. It was found that copolymer modification had no effect on the powder crystal phase. A 8–21 nm passivation layer was coated on the surface, which can exist stably for 10 h in 60 °C water. Zeta potential and laser particle analyzer tests showed that modified powder featured excellent water-based slurry dispersion performance, and certain self-dispersing characteristics. The highest Zeta potential appeared in pH 6~7, and the particle granularity was distributed uniformly with the median particle diameter of 875 nm. The powder hydrolysis resistance and dispersion performance are significantly improved.

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47

Ren, Guoan, Daming Zhuang, Ming Zhao, Yaowei Wei, Yixuan Wu, Xinchen Li, Xunyan Lyu, Chen Wang, and Yuxian Li. "Influence of H2Se concentration on Se-rich CZTSSe absorbers sputtered with a ceramic quaternary target." Ceramics International 46, no. 9 (June 2020): 13704–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.02.158.

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48

Katumba, G., J. Lu, L. Olumekor, G. Westin, and E. Wäckelgård. "Low Cost Selective Solar Absorber Coatings: Characteristics of Carbon-In-Silica Synthesized with Sol-Gel Technique." Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 36, no. 1 (October 2005): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-005-4793-4.

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49

Bouzbib, Mohammed, Andrea Pogonyi, Tamás Kolonits, Ádám Vida, Zoltán Dankházi, and Katalin Sinkó. "Sol–gel alumina coating on quartz substrate for environmental protection." Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 93, no. 2 (December 3, 2019): 262–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-019-05193-y.

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AbstractTransparent γ-Al2O3 thin film can be utilized as an absorbent or protective layer in environmental protection. The aim of the present research work is to improve the structural and optical properties of γ-Al2O3 thin film. Al2O3 thin films were synthesized by various newly developed routes based on colloidal technique and sol–gel chemistry. Many types of starting materials (Al acetate, nitrate, isopropoxide, boehmite, and Al2O3 powders) and additives (acetic acid, HCl, HNO3, citric acid) were used in the experiments. Suspension and gel-like precursor systems were compared for layer creation. The layers were characterized by their morphology (GIXRD), surface and thickness (SEM), as well as transparency (UV–visible spectroscopy). The best quality of layer (∼90% transmittance, 50–60 nm thickness, perfect covering) has been obtained by sol–gel technique starting from Al nitrate or Al acetate.

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50

Epstein, Arthur J. "Electrically Conducting Polymers: Science and Technology." MRS Bulletin 22, no. 6 (June 1997): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400033583.

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For the past 50 years, conventional insulating-polymer systems have increasingly been used as substitutes for structural materials such as wood, ceramics, and metals because of their high strength, light weight, ease of chemical modification/customization, and processability at low temperatures. In 1977 the first intrinsic electrically conducting organic polymer—doped polyacetylene—was reported, spurring interest in “conducting polymers.” Intrinsically conducting polymers are completely different from conducting polymers that are merely a physical mixture of a nonconductive polymer with a conducting material such as metal or carbon powder. Although initially these intrinsically conducting polymers were neither processable nor air-stable, new generations of these materials now are processable into powders, films, and fibers from a wide variety of solvents, and also are airstable. Some forms of these intrinsically conducting polymers can be blended into traditional polymers to form electrically conductive blends. The electrical conductivities of the intrinsically conductingpolymer systems now range from those typical of insulators (<10−10 S/cm (10−10 Ω−1 cm1)) to those typical of semiconductors such as silicon (~10 5 S/cm) to those greater than 10+4 S/cm (nearly that of a good metal such as copper, 5 × 105 S/cm). Applications of these polymers, especially polyanilines, have begun to emerge. These include coatings and blends for electrostatic dissipation and electromagnetic-interference (EMI) shielding, electromagnetic-radiation absorbers for welding (joining) of plastics, conductive layers for light-emitting polymer devices, and anticorrosion coatings for iron and steel.The common electronic feature of pris tine (undoped) conducting polymers is the π-conjugated system, which is formed by the overlap of carbon pz orbitals and alternating carbon-carbon bond lengths.

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