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Статті в журналах з теми "Centrifugal spray"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

Valdberg, A. Y., K. P. Makeeva, and N. E. Nikolaikina. "The study of the disperse composition of the liquid torch spray of centrifugal-jet nozzle." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 6, no. 2-4 (December 20, 2012): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-68213.

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Анотація:

This paper presents the results of a research on dispersion of water spray of centrifugal spray nozzle. The values of average droplet size are defined and compared with the known one calculated before. There were made graphics of drops dispersed distribution and graphics where the experimental and calculated values for the arithmetic mean and median mass diameter. The obtained data allow to recommend the calculated dependencies for the assessment of medium-sized drops in the spray of centrifugal-jet spray nozzle.

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2

Cao, Na, Liang Cao, Chang Cai Han, Qing Xu, Lan Lei, Ji Ye Du, Jun Xue, and Zhan Hong Zhang. "A Study of the Spray Characterization from a Centrifugal Nozzle by Pulsed Laser Holography." Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (January 2012): 846–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.846.

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Centrifugal nozzle is an important part of an areoengine in which fuel atomization has strong influence on engine performance. For investigating the fuel spray characteristics, a promising method named off-axis particle holographic measuring system is used here. Characteristics of the nonevaporating spray ejected from a new type of centrifugal nozzle which would be used in the near future are obtained under various injection conditions. By automatic analysis of the holographic reconstructed droplets images, a hollow-cone shape spray with most droplets concentrated in the surface of the cone is observed, and the spray cone angle, droplet sizes and their spatial locations in concerned region are obtained quantitativly. In the near region of the nozzle exit, droplets show greater SMD value, while at a certain distance from the nozzle, the droplets SMD differences become unconspicuous which shows a better atomization. These informations are helpful to understand characteristics of the centrifugal nozzle and offer a database for validating the spray simulation code.

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3

Raju, K., A. P. Harsha, and S. N. Ojha. "Effect of Microstructure on Wear Characteristics of Spray Cast Al-Si Alloys." Materials Science Forum 710 (January 2012): 545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.710.545.

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In the present study, the effect of microstructure on the wear characteristics of spray cast Al-15Si and Al-20Si alloys has been investigated and compared with that of vertical axis centrifugal cast and chill cast alloys. The spray cast alloys have been subjected to Hot Isostatic Pressing for porosity reduction. HIPing has reduced the porosity in the spray cast Al-15Si and Al-20Si alloys from 19% to 8% and 19% to 2% respectively. The microstructures of spray cast alloys consisted of finely divided globular shaped Si particles with sizes varying from 2–10 µm. The Si particles have been distributed uniformly throughout the Al matrix. On the contrary coarse and segregated microstructures have been observed in vertical axis centrifugal cast and chill cast alloys. The sizes of primary and eutectic Si in vertical axis centrifugal cast alloys are smaller than that in chill cast alloys. The wear rates are the lowest for spray cast alloys and highest for chill cast alloys over a wide range of sliding velocity. The reasons for better wear resistance of spray cast alloys have been discussed in the light of the microstructural features evolved during spray casting.

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4

Gui, Miao Miao, Yun Hui Fang, Qing Chang Lin, Fei Yu Yu, Tian Xing Lin, and Xiu Xing Ma. "The Preparation Research of Powder Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 677–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.677.

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This paper uses centrifugal spray drying process to prepare powder polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The best spray drying process: speed of centrifugal atomizer is 16000r/min, feed liquid temperature is 30°C, import / export air temperature of drying chamber is 200°C/80°C. It achieves a high concentration of polycarboxylate superplasticizer to prepare powder product. It solves the problem of sticky and low-performance of powder polycarboxylate superplasticizer during traditional preparation. Analyzing the structure of polycarboxylate superplasticizer before and after spray-drying by infrared spectroscopy, and verifying the conclusion through macroeconomic performance experiments.

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5

Zaror, C. A., and J. R. Pérez-Correa. "Model based control of centrifugal atomizer spray drying." Food Control 2, no. 3 (July 1991): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-7135(91)90086-c.

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6

Wang, Yi, and De Ping Zhu. "A New Spray Desuperheater Structure Design." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 1630–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.1630.

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A new spray desuperheater is designed, whose characteristic is using the combination technology of centrifugal nozzle and two-level venturi pipes. According to the application of the technology, the paper reveals the technical principle and structure design. The spray desuperheater has excellent spray atomization effect, and it can regulate the steam temperature in a wide range. So it can ensure the efficient heat exchanger and safe operation for boiler.

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7

Vásquez, R. A., and F. S. Costa. "SPRAY CONE ANGLES GENERATED BY A DUAL CENTRIFUGAL INJECTOR." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 13, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v13i1.62067.

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A dual pressure swirl injector is characterized by two independent concentric chambers which can provide independent rotational levels to a single liquid or two different liquids. This paper compares theoretical, semi-empirical and experimental results concerning the spray cone angles formed by injection of water, ethanol and biodiesel through a dual pressure swirl injector. Data are obtained for injection of the same liquid through the primary and secondary chambers and for injection of ethanol in the primary chamber and biodiesel through the secondary chamber of the injector. Experimental data are obtained using photographic techniques and are analyzed by an image processing software developed in Matlab language.

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8

Arkhipov, V. A., A. P. Berezikov, A. S. Zhukov, I. R. Akhmadeev, and S. S. Bondarchuk. "Laser diagnostics of the centrifugal nozzle spray cone structure." Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ) 52, no. 1 (March 2009): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068799809010218.

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9

Cheng, Xiao Su, Meng Qi Peng, and Yu Fa Zhong. "Process Factors Using Centrifugal Spray Drying to Prepare Bauxite Microspheres." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 828–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.828.

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The centrifugal spray drying process of bauxite slurry was studied to investigate the influence of slurry solid content on the particle size distribution and the sphericity of the microspheres, and so was operation technology on average diameter and the sphericity of the microspheres. The optimal operation parameters are obtained to prepare high spherical microspheres bauxite with the diameter distribution of 100 μm and whose particle size distribution is narrow: the slurry solid content is 70 wt%, the dry air temperature is 250 °C, the rotation rate of spray head is 6000 rpm and the feed flow rate is 1 L/h in the experiments.

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10

Cui, Chun Xiang, Yan Chun Li, Tie Bao Wang, Shuang Jin Liu, and Suek Bong Kang. "Interaction Mechanism between In Situ Nb₂C-V₂C Nanoparticles and S/L Interface during the Rapid Solidification of Fe-Nb-V Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.285.

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This paper deals with the interaction mechanism between in situ Nb2C-V2C nanoparticles and solid/liquid interface during the rapid solidification of Fe-Nb-V alloy ribbons. In situ Nb2C-V2C nanoparticles reinforced Fe alloy matrix composite were carried out by in situ reaction and melt spun with a high-speed centrifugal spray. According to the setting of a force balance for the in situ nanoparticles in front of the S/L interface during the high-speed centrifugal spray of Fe-Nb-V alloy melt as following: F = Fbuoyant force + Frepulsive + Fviscous force + Fcentrifugal force, authors get the critical velocity that S/L interface engulfs particles is proportional to the radius of particles. TEM observation indicates that the less the size of particle is, the more easily S/L interface engulfs particles.

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11

Wu, Min, and Gary M. Hieftje. "A New Spray Chamber for Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 46, no. 12 (December 1992): 1912–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702924123647.

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A new type of spray chamber is evaluated for inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. The new design combines gravitational, centrifugal, turbulent and impact loss mechanisms in one apparatus to efficiently remove large droplets, increase transport efficiency and reduce memory effects. Compared with the commonly used Scott-type spray chamber, the new vertical rotary spray chamber has at least 30% higher sample-utilization efficiency, 2–3 times shorter sample clean-out time, half the cost, and simplified construction. Moreover, it offers somewhat better signal-to-background ratios, detection limits, and precision.

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12

Arkhipov, V. A., S. A. Basalaev, N. N. Zolotorev, and A. S. Usanina. "Laser diagnostics of the spray cone characteristics in centrifugal sprayer." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1105 (November 2018): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1105/1/012080.

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13

Gong, Yan, Xiao Bing Chen, Yan Liu, Liang Pei, and Jing Chao Zhang. "Design and Test of Controlled Droplet Sprayer for Facility Agriculture." Key Engineering Materials 575-576 (September 2013): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.575-576.481.

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Анотація:

This article describes a new and efficient type spraying equipment with core technology of controlled droplet (centrifugal atomization), and describes the overall design of the equipment, technical characteristics and innovation. The test results show that the equipment has the following characteristics: precisely controlled droplet diameter, real-time, precisely adjusted spray flow, three-dimensional space evenly spray, and the operating status could be remotely controlled by automation. It is new type spray equipment for facility agriculture applicable for different crop varieties, crop growth period, control objects, pesticide formulations, as well as operating environment inside the green house.

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14

Zhao, Ning, Yongxin Feng, Debo Li, and Zongkun Li. "Simulation Study on Centrifugal Spray Evaporation Characteristics and Process Optimization of Desulfurization Wastewater." Coatings 11, no. 7 (July 12, 2021): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070837.

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As an advanced treatment of desulfurization wastewater, centrifugal spray drying technology, which can achieve a zero liquid discharge target, has attracted wide attention and great interest in recent years. However, the results of previous studies were based on the laboratory-scale centrifugal spray dryer. In order to study the evaporation characteristics of desulfurization wastewater and the parameter optimization of the dryer, the evaporation model of wastewater droplets was established. The effects of parameters such as the angle of the deflectors, gas–liquid ratio and atomizer speed on droplet evaporation were studied by numerical simulation. The results show that with the increase in the angle of the deflectors, the swirl effect of flue gas flow field is more obvious and the time and axial distance required for the complete evaporation of the droplets are shorter. Reducing the gas–liquid ratio will make the average evaporation time longer. Moreover, a higher atomizer speed is helpful for the evaporation of the droplets. The optimum gas–liquid ratio and rotational speed are found to be 9300 m3/Nm3 and 16,000 rpm, respectively.

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15

Vambol, S., N. A. Khan, A. H. Khan, M. Kiriyenko, L. Borysova, D. Taraduda, A. Zakora, and N. Bilotserkivska. "Developed jet-centrifugal spray devices: experimental testing to establish the possibility of their application in plants spraying technologies." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 1, no. 102 (September 1, 2020): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6326.

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Purpose: Experimentally substantiate the possibility of using the developed jet-centrifugal spraying device in plants spraying technologies. Design/methodology/approach: Many years of experience in creating spraying devices for solving practical problems in various industries made it possible to propose a design diagram of a single-phase jet-centrifugal spraying device. The tests were aimed at achieving device characteristics that are acceptable for use in plants spraying technologies such as jet coverage distance, droplet size and droplet deposition area (spray diameter). For this a several tests series with different design parameters was done. Before testing, the tightness of the device body was checked (the holding time under a pressure of 1 MPa is not less than 2 minutes). Findings: Based on the obtained jet coverage distance, droplet size and droplet deposition area, the developed spray device of some modifications can be used in plants spraying technologies. However, it is necessary to determine the quality of the spray device according to the BCPC classification; the device should be tested with some insecticides, fungicides and in plants spraying technologies to develop recommendations for their use. Research limitations/implications: The influence of design features of developed jetcentrifugal spray device on the jet coverage distance, droplet size and droplet deposition area was studied. Practical implications: The results obtained are useful in the field of improving national plants spraying technologies in order to improve the quality of the plant protection agent application and reduce the loss of the drug into the environment. Originality/value: To ensure maximum efficiency the proposed design of the jetcentrifugal spray device can be upgraded directly by the farmer by installing interchangeable nozzles that are attached with a union nut. Replaceable nozzles have different diameters and modifications and can be selected depending on the required jet coverage distance and spraying dispersion according to the current environmental conditions.

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16

Kazama, S. "Steady-state paint flow under high centrifugal force: atomization in spray painting." JSAE Review 24, no. 4 (October 2003): 489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0389-4304(03)00075-4.

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17

Barratt, M. D., A. L. Dowson, and M. H. Jacobs. "The microstructure and properties of IN718 rings produced by centrifugal spray deposition." Materials Science and Engineering: A 383, no. 1 (October 2004): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2004.02.042.

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18

Hwang, Seok-Joon, Jeong-Hyeon Park, Ju-Yeon Lee, Ki-Duck Kim, Beom-Soo Shin, and Ju-Seok Nam. "Spray Pattern Analysis for a Centrifugal Fertilizer Distributor with Two Shutter Holes." Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers 18, no. 10 (October 31, 2019): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14775/ksmpe.2019.18.10.008.

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19

Zhao, Y. Y. "Modelling deposit growth on tilted rotating cylindrical substrate in centrifugal spray deposition." Powder Metallurgy 43, no. 2 (February 2000): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/003258900665862.

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20

Hayashi, Hiromichi, and Seichi Takeda. "SPRAY DRYING CHARACTERISTICS BY A CENTRIFUGAL PRESSURE NOZZLE WITH LARGE ORIFICE DIAMETER." Drying Technology 4, no. 3 (August 1986): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373938608916333.

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21

Špalek, O., J. Hrubý, M. Čenský, V. Jirásek, and J. Kodymová. "Centrifugal spray generator of singlet oxygen for a chemical oxygen-iodine laser." Applied Physics B 100, no. 4 (May 21, 2010): 793–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-010-4061-3.

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22

Si, Hai Bing, Chang Zhou, Zhong Liu, Yi Lei, Wen Jie Fang, and Fa Jun Zhang. "The Experimental Study about Relationship of Centrifugal Fan Shape and Tuyeres Wind Speed." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 2636–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.2636.

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This paper mainly study the relationship between the different shape of air-out tube and the wind velocity based on variable frequency centrifugal fan.Several common shape of pipeline spouts were tested in the static environment in this experiment,the test results were made data process and theoretic original discussion,and we deduced a formula about the relationship between the effective velocity and distance.Finally,we obtained the reference valuable spout shape in the practical spray engineering.

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23

Jiao, Yan, Yu-Peng Lu, Gui-Yong Xiao, Wen-Hua Xu, and Rui-Fu Zhu. "Preparation and characterization of hollow hydroxyapatite microspheres by the centrifugal spray drying method." Powder Technology 217 (February 2012): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.11.025.

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24

CHEN, Wenzhe, Kaiping PENG, Kuang-Wu QIAN, and Haicheng GU. "Fatigue Crack Growth of Ti-48Al-2Mn-2Nb Intermetallics by Centrifugal Spray Deposition." Journal of Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering 4, no. 6 (2010): 849–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmmp.4.849.

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25

Zhao, Y. Y., M. H. Jacobs, and A. L. Dowson. "Liquid flow on a rotating disk prior to centrifugal atomization and spray deposition." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 29, no. 6 (December 1998): 1357–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-998-0059-1.

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26

Zhao, Yahong, Baosong Ma, Samuel T. Ariaratnam, Cong Zeng, Xuefeng Yan, Fuzhi Wang, Tianyu Wang, et al. "Structural performance of damaged rigid pipe rehabilitated by centrifugal spray on mortar liner." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 116 (October 2021): 104117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2021.104117.

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27

Jilani, Aisyah, and Akhtar Razali. "Centrifugal Pump Performance Characteristics for Domestic Application." MATEC Web of Conferences 225 (2018): 05011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822505011.

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Анотація:

Water pressure problems at home can be quite frustrating in daily life which is comes in different ways of complication. It may take forever for the faucets to fill a bathtub, or a slow spray shower head and longer time taken for the washing machine to run a cycle. The problem can be fixed by installing a pressure booster pump. This research is embarked to study on a centrifugal pump performance with a view to analyse pressure built-up and flowrate in pipe at fixed speed. A simple and inexpensive test rig is developed to resemble water distribution for domestic use; i.e. house application. The method is then experimentally validated to measured and analysed the pump performance such as water pressure, water flowrate, power of pump and pump speed. Since the centrifugal pump are added, the pump is able to boost the water flowrate. However, since the centrifugal pump work at constant speed, the water pressure in pipe is high when the water demand is low. The maximum pressure inside the pipe was 28.24 psi which quite high and exceed the piping standards. Power consumption also remained constant approximately 0.500 kWh when water demand was low which led to energy wastage.

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28

Yakupov, A., R. Aкhunov, A. Subhangulov, and V. Bajburin. "JUSTIFICATION OF THE DESIGN OF AN EXPERIMENTAL DEVICE FOR PRE-SOWING PREPARATION OF SEED MATERIAL." RUSSIAN ELECTRONIC SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL 37, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31563/2308-9644-2020-37-3-46-55.

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An experimental etcher – inlayer of potato tubers is proposed, containing a chamber for coating tubers with a liquid preparation, with a sieve and a centrifugal spray installed in it, and a chamber for coating with a powdered preparation. A model that is as close as possible to the real process is constructed and justified, a visualization of the process is obtained on its basis, and optimal operating modes are established. Conclusions are given based on the research results.

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29

Cavalieri, Jhonatan D., Carlos G. Raetano, Ronaldo P. Madureira, and Lais L. Q. Moreira. "Spraying systems and traveling speed in the deposit and spectrum of droplets in cotton plant." Engenharia Agrícola 35, no. 6 (December 2015): 1042–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v35n6p1042-1052/2015.

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ABSTRACT Tractor traveling speed can influence the quality of spraying depending on the application technology used. This study aimed to evaluate the droplet spectrum, the deposition and uniformity of spray distribution with different spraying systems and traveling speeds of a self-propelled sprayer in two phenological stages of the cotton plant (B9 and F13). The experimental design was randomized blocks and treatments were three spraying techniques: common flat spray tips; tilted flat jet with air induction, at 120 L ha-1; and rotary atomizer disk, 20 L ha-1, combined with four traveling speeds: 12, 15, 18 and 25 km h-1, with four replications. Spraying deposition was evaluated for both leaf surfaces from the cotton plant apex and base (stage B9) and middle part of the plant (stage F13) with a cupric marker. A laser particle analyzer also assessed the droplet spectrum. The centrifugal power spray system produces more homogeneous droplet spectrum and increased penetration of droplets into the canopy in both phenological stages. Variation on the operating conditions necessary for increased traveling speed negatively influences the pattern of spraying deposits.

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30

Ozols, A., M. Barreiro, E. Forlerer, and H. R. Sirkin. "Coating of Co–Cr–Mo alloy for surgical implants by centrifugal spray: Preliminary evaluation." Surface and Coatings Technology 200, no. 20-21 (May 2006): 5884–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.08.139.

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31

Cao Na, 曹娜, 徐青 Xu Qing, 韩长才 Han Changcai, 马继明 Ma Jiming, 宋岩 Song Yan, and 宋文艳 Song Wenyan. "Study of a Centrifugal Nozzle Spray Characterization in Space Based on Off-Axis Holography." Chinese Journal of Lasers 47, no. 11 (2020): 1109001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl202047.1109001.

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32

Zhao, Y. Y. "A Simplified Model for Velocity and Temperature Evolution of Alloy Droplets in Centrifugal Atomisation and Spray Deposition." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 4261–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.4261.

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A model has been developed for the velocity and temperature evolution of a metal alloy droplet with travel distance in centrifugal atomisation. The droplet velocity decreases rapidly with increasing travel distance. The degree of droplet cooling at a certain travel distance decreases with increasing droplet velocity, increasing diameter and decreasing temperature, and is also affected by the droplet physical properties. The solidification of the droplets is largely dependent upon the latent heat removal.

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33

Zhang, Qun, Xin Wang, Rui Kou, Chaochao Li, Peng Zhang, Han Hai, Chenghao Li, Fuzheng Yang, Qiang Liu, and Tingting Cao. "Numerical study on pre-film atomization mechanism and characteristics by a coaxial swirl injector." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 233, no. 8 (April 18, 2019): 1022–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919844045.

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The overall process and mechanism of the centrifugal pre-film atomization with double swirling flow were studied using the methods of large Eddy simulation and volume of fluid. The atomization process includes a centrifugal jet under the primary swirl and a pre-film atomization under the two-stage counter-rotating swirl at the venturi outlet. The fuel is ejected from the outlet of the centrifugal nozzle and undergoes the transient process of reaching the venturi throat. The breaking mechanism of liquid film in this process is the same as that of the formation mechanism of the mushroom-shaped tip of liquid jet. The numerical simulation results are highly consistent with the experimental results. For the formation and development of the liquid film on the venturi wall, collision and wave action promote the expansion of the liquid film. At the outlet position of the venturi tube, the short wave mode and the two-stage reverse swirling structure play major roles in the fragmentation process of the flake liquid film, which coincides with the flow characteristics given by the experiment. It is found that the spray cone angle increases as the fuel flow rate increases, and the numerical results are basically consistent with the predicted values of the empirical formula under different fuel flow rates. The droplet size distribution showed a Poisson distribution during the atomization of centrifugal jets and pre-film, and the peak position and variation trend of the droplet size distribution at the outlet of the venturi tube were basically consistent with experimental results.

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34

Smalley, A. J., R. M. Baldwin, and W. R. Schick. "Spray Automated Balancing of Rotors: Concept and Initial Feasibility Study." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 111, no. 4 (October 1, 1989): 659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240309.

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This paper describes a new balancing concept: Spray Automated Balancing Of Rotors (SABOR). The Fuel Air Repetitive Explosion (FARE) process of metal film deposition is used to apply discrete amounts of metallic or ceramic particles to a spinning rotor at a controlled angular location on the rotor. In this way, without stopping the rotor, its mass eccentricity is changed in a manner designed to reduce the vibration sensed by a balancing machine. The system design and control for implementing SABOR are described. Preliminary results are presented from a demonstration rig that confirm the ability of the method to control both angle of application and rate of application to the extent necessary for effective automated balancing. The method is used to balance a spinning disk without stopping it. Results are presented which show that the bond strengths of materials deposited by the FARE process for use in small gas turbine engines are acceptable for the level of centrifugal stresses expected. Fatigue tests of sprayed samples show the data to be indistinguishable from those available for specimens hand-ground according to current balancing practice.

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35

Deng, Huaxia, and Huajiang Ouyang. "Vibration of spinning discs and powder formation in centrifugal atomization." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 467, no. 2126 (July 21, 2010): 361–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2010.0099.

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Spinning discs with liquid film on the surface have numerous applications in many industrial processes and have attracted a lot of investigations. Centrifugal atomization of metallic melts using a spinning disc is an efficient process for powder production and spray deposition, which is a typical example of a spinning disc interacting with a liquid film. In this paper, the vibration of an atomizing disc excited by a moving melt is analysed and the role of vibration in the disintegration of the melt film on atomizing discs is then investigated. A dynamic model of the atomizing disc as a spinning Kirchhoff plate is established with moving melt film treated as a moving load on the disc and as an unstable growing wave interacting with the surrounding air outside the disc. The powder size is analysed theoretically and then compared with experimental results. It is found that the predicted results agree with the experimental results very well in the film disintegration mode. Furthermore, the influences of the atomizer parameters on the melt break up and powder size are discussed. The control parameters in the centrifugal atomization are identified, which can provide guidance for atomizer designs.

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Gawałek, Jolanta. "Effect of Spray Dryer Scale Size on the Properties of Dried Beetroot Juice." Molecules 26, no. 21 (November 5, 2021): 6700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216700.

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Experiments detailing the spray drying of fruit and vegetable juices are necessary at the experimental scale in order to determine the optimum drying conditions and to select the most appropriate carriers and solution formulations for drying on the industrial scale. In this study, the spray-drying process of beetroot juice concentrate on a maltodextrin carrier was analyzed at different dryer scales: mini-laboratory (ML), semi-technical (ST), small industrial (SI), and large industrial (LI). Selected physicochemical properties of the beetroot powders that were obtained (size and microstructure of the powder particles, loose and tapped bulk density, powder flowability, moisture, water activity, violet betalain, and polyphenol content) and their drying efficiencies were determined. Spray drying with the same process parameters but at a larger scale makes it possible to obtain beetroot powders with a larger particle size, better flowability, a color that is more shifted towards red and blue, and a higher retention of violet betalain pigments and polyphenols. As the size of the spray dryer increases, the efficiency of the process expressed in powder yield also increases. To obtain a drying efficiency >90% on an industrial scale, process conditions should be selected to obtain an efficiency of a min. of 50% at the laboratory scale or 80% at the semi-technical scale. Designing the industrial process for spray dryers with a centrifugal atomization system is definitely more effective at the semi-technical scale with the same atomization system than it is at laboratory scale with a two-fluid nozzle.

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37

Cheng, Xiao Su, Ling Ke Zeng, Xiu Yan Li, Wen Yan Sheng, An Ze Shui, Ze Hao Liu, Ying Yuan Zhang, Yue Wang, and Yong Zhao Wang. "Preparation and Microstructure of Bauxite Ceramic Microsphere." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1124.

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In this paper, microspheres were prepared by using Chinese bauxite as raw materials through centrifugal spray drying method. The microstructure and composition of ceramic microsphere were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy spectrum. The particle size was 10~100#m. The XRD analysis reveals that the main crystalline phase of the ceramic microsphere were α-Al2O3 and mullite (3Al2O3•2SiO2). The Al2O3 content (chemical composition) of the microspheres was little more than 70%, and the molar ratio of Al2O3/SiO2 was near to the molar ratio of alumina and silica of mullite.

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38

Shang, Zhi, Jing Lou, and Hongying Li. "Numerical Simulation of Water Jet Flow Using Diffusion Flux Mixture Model." Journal of Fluids 2014 (July 16, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/193215.

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A multidimensional diffusion flux mixture model was developed to simulate water jet two-phase flows. Through the modification of the gravity using the gradients of the mixture velocity, the centrifugal force on the water droplets was able to be considered. The slip velocities between the continuous phase (gas) and the dispersed phase (water droplets) were able to be calculated through multidimensional diffusion flux velocities based on the modified multidimensional drift flux model. Through the numerical simulations, comparing with the experiments and the simulations of traditional algebraic slip mixture model on the water mist spray, the model was validated.

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39

Wang, Zhaoyuan, Jianming Yang, and Frederick Stern. "High-fidelity simulations of bubble, droplet and spray formation in breaking waves." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 792 (March 3, 2016): 307–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.87.

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High-fidelity simulations of wave breaking processes are performed with a focus on the small-scale structures of breaking waves, such as bubble/droplet size distributions. Very large grids (up to 12 billion grid points) are used in order to resolve the bubbles/droplets in breaking waves at the scale of hundreds of micrometres. Wave breaking processes and spanwise three-dimensional interface structures are identified. It is speculated that the Görtler type centrifugal instability is likely more relevant to the plunging wave breaking instabilities. Detailed air entrainment and spray formation processes are shown. The bubble size distribution shows power-law scaling with two different slopes which are separated by the Hinze scale. The droplet size distribution also shows power-law scaling. The computational results compare well with the available experimental and computational data in the literature. Computational difficulties and challenges for large grid simulations are addressed.

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40

Bautista Pérez, E., C. E. Cruz, Juan M. Salgado Lopez, and J. A. Toscano. "Optimization of the Atmospheric Plasma Spray Parameters using Design of Experiments for Coatings on AISI 410 Stainless Steel." MRS Proceedings 1812 (2016): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2016.18.

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ABSTRACTIn this work, the effect of three principal and independent parameters of Atmospheric Plasma Spray on the properties of coatings deposited using mixtures of commercial powders of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and chromium oxide (Cr2O3) was studied. The results of this work are used for special applications on turbomachinery components such as wear protection in sliding seals and in steam valves for turbines, chemical protection for centrifugal compressor members, and special seal applications.The design of experiments (DoE) technique has proved to be very useful to study the influence factors and optimization. Pierlot et al. [1] demonstrated that the application of the Hadamard and two factorial design techniques are useful for the optimization of thermal spray processes. An example of the application of the DoE is the one mentioned by Murugan et al. [2]. In their work, a factorial design was used to study the interactions between gas flow, oxygen flow, powder rate and spray distance on the percentage of porosity and hardness of TiO2 - Cr2O3 composite coatings generated by High Velocity Oxy-Fuel.The ½ fractional two-level factorial DoE technique was used to analyze and optimize the Atmospheric Plasma Spray process parameters. In the current research, experiments were conducted varying the deposition velocity, gas flow and stand-off distance. The effect of these process variables were evaluated by thickness, hardness and microstructure analysis. In this study, an empirical relationship between process variables and response parameters was developed. The entire relationship was made using the results of the DoE.

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41

Chen, Wenzhe, Hua Xie, Kuangwu Qian, and Haicheng Gu. "Microstructure evaluation during plastic deformation in a centrifugal spray deposition (CSD) Ti-48Al-2Mn-2Nb alloy." Materials Science and Engineering: A 234-236 (August 1997): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(97)00144-5.

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42

Chen, W. Z., X. P. Song, K. W. Qian та H. C. Gu. "The lamellar microstructure and fracture behavior of γ-based TiAl alloy produced by centrifugal spray deposition". Materials Science and Engineering: A 247, № 1-2 (червень 1998): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(97)00762-4.

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43

Sakuma, Hiroshi, Kenji Tamura, and Kazumi Minagawa. "“Doughnut”-like Clay Microparticles Fabricated Using a Hybrid Method of Spray Drying and Centrifugal Disc Atomization." Chemistry Letters 47, no. 1 (January 5, 2018): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.170891.

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44

Shang, Zhi, Jing Lou, and Hongying Li. "A New Multidimensional Drift Flux Mixture Model for Gas–Liquid Droplet Two-Phase Flow." International Journal of Computational Methods 12, no. 04 (August 2015): 1540001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876215400010.

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A new multidimensional drift flux mixture model was developed to simulate gas–liquid droplet two-phase flows. The new drift flux model was modified by considering the centrifugal force on the liquid-droplets. Therefore the traditional 1D drift flux model was upgraded to multidimension, 2D and 3D. The slip velocities between the continual phase (gas) and the dispersed phase (liquid droplets) were able to calculate through the multidimensional diffusion flux velocities based on the new modified drift flux model. Through the numerical simulations comparing with the experiments and the simulations of other models on the backward-facing step and the water mist spray two-phase flows, the new model was validated.

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45

Yan, Su Qian, and Sheng Tang. "Linear Regression Calculation and Energy Saving Analysis about Thermotechnical Parameters of Target Type Impinging Stream Nozzles." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 2966–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.2966.

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To study the thermal property and the feasibility about the target type impinging stream nozzles, the thermotechnical parameters have been measured in Xi'an No.3 Textile mill. The equation between quantity of water and pressure, aperture, spacing has been established by regression analysis method. In the same way, the equation and the characteristic curve about efficiency and spacing, air mass velocity has been built. Comparing with the centrifugal nozzle, water distribution system about each nozzle has been calculated. Hydrographic net resistance of each kind of system has been calculated and the economical analysis has been done. It may provide a reference basis for choosing nozzle and designing the water spray chamber.

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46

Chen, W. Z., X. P. Song, K. W. Qian та H. C. Gu. "Low cycle fatigue behaviour of γ-based Ti–48Al–2Mn–2Nb alloy produced by centrifugal spray deposition". International Journal of Fatigue 20, № 5 (травень 1998): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-1123(98)00003-6.

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47

Kovalevskii, Yu V., T. N. Kuzina, and F. E. Dubinskaya. "Centrifugal spray injector designed by the scientific-research institute of gas purification for industry and sanitation (SRIGPIS)." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 34, no. 1 (January 1998): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02418916.

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48

Еськин and A. Es'kin. "Dissolved Air Flotation with Spraying of Liquid." Safety in Technosphere 6, no. 2 (August 21, 2017): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_598d7a13c2fa37.78420590.

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This paper presents a new method of dissolved air flotation with spraying of liquid. Liquid that needs cleaning is sprayed inside an overhead reservoir through a hydraulic nozzle allowing to enlarge the contact area between phases in comparison with traditional method of saturation by barbotage. Suggested method makes it possible to increase the gas content of the liquid processed for cleaning into a flotation section. This paper also contains the results of experimental investigation of the effectiveness of liquid saturation inside the overhead reservoir using spray-centrifugal and spray-percussive nozzles. Volumetric method was used to measure the amount of air escaping during dissolved air flotation and the results of the measurement were used to calculate the speed of barbotage. It was identified that when the method of spraying of liquid is applied, the amount of soluble air increases on average by 33% in comparison with overhead reservoir of bubbling type. The speed of barbotage increases with growth of saturation pressure and significantly depends on the area of the flotation section. If the saturation pressure exceeds 2 bars, the speed of barbotage in the center of the flotation cell becomes significantly higher than in the wall area.

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49

Li, Guo Xin, Shan Jing Xia, and Yi Liang Peng. "Anti-Corrosion Performance of Four Hot Dip Galvanizing Bolts." Applied Mechanics and Materials 395-396 (September 2013): 708–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.708.

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The hot-dip galvanizing coating can promote the anti-corrosion performance of the bolts in outdoor steel structure engineering. But the anti-corrosion performance cannot match that of the steel due to the centrifugal process. In this paper, the anti-corrosion performance of four kinds of bolts obtained from different company was researched by the neutral salt spray test method. The results show that the anti-corrosion performance of the all four bolts was unsatisfactory. The reasons were studied through testing the thickness of the coating, coating uniformity, surface morphology and elemental composition. The results show that the causes are the lower thickness of the hot-dip coatings, too much defects on the surface of the coatings and the elemental composition impurity.

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50

Su, Y. L., Zheng Yi Fu, Wei Min Wang, Hang Wang, Yu Cheng Wang, Jin Yong Zhang, and P. Y. Ma. "Ultrafine Grinding of Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza Particles and the Physicochemical Properties by High Speed Centrifugal Sheering." Key Engineering Materials 330-332 (February 2007): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.215.

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Radix salvia miltiorrhiza is a commonly used herbal medicine in China, and tanshinone IIA is one of the major active ingredients. Nano Radix salvia miltiorrhiza particles were successfully prepared by high speed centrifugal sheering (HSCS) technology, and the prepared nanoparticles suspension was subsequently spray-dried. The different properties of nano particles and raw powder were systematically studied by laser light scattering granulometric analyzer, TEM, SEM and FTIR. The extractive quantity of tanshinone IIA was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results illustrate that raw Radix salvia miltiorrhiza powder can be ultrafinely ground to nanosize within 50min, and the molecular structure of active ingredients doesn’t change after being ground. Furthermore, the active ingredients can dissolve out directly and fully, and the extractive ratio of tanshinone IIA increases 28.6% by HSCS processing. It is valuable to combine nanotechnology and TCM to improve the bioavailability and rapid releasing.

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