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1
Dawson, Ellen A., Mark A. Black, Jennifer Pybis, N. Timothy Cable, and Daniel J. Green. "The impact of exercise on derived measures of central pressure and augmentation index obtained from the SphygmoCor device." Journal of Applied Physiology 106, no. 6 (June 2009): 1896–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91564.2008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether measures derived from the SphygmoCor device and its associated transfer function are influenced by exercise-induced alterations in vascular tone. Measurements were taken from either the exercised or the contralateral nonexercised limb during repeated and identical incremental hand-grip protocols. Eight male subjects performed three 3-min bouts of hand-grip exercise on two occasions. The exercise intensities were set at 3 kg, 5 kg, with a final 1.5-kg bout performed during cuff ischemia (1.5Isch). Blood pressure waveforms were recorded from the radial artery of either the exercised or nonexercised limb using applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor) during a 90-s rest period immediately after each exercise bout. Central blood pressures and augmentation indexes (AIx), an index of arterial stiffness, were derived using the peripheral waveform and the inbuilt SphygmoCor transfer function (TF). AIx was consistently ∼10% higher in the exercised arm during all trials compared with the nonexercised limb. Similarly, there was a consistent and significant difference (∼3 mmHg; P < 0.05) between exercised and nonexercised arms for the derived central systolic and mean arterial blood pressures. Despite identical bouts of exercise, AIx and central systolic and mean arterial blood pressures derived from applanation tonometry at the peripheral radial artery were statistically different when assessed at the exercising arm vs. the nonexercising arm. Changes in vascular tone with exercise may modify the intrinsic characteristics of the vessel wall and could compromise the assumptions underlying transfer functions used to derive central measures using applanation tonometry.
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Bertaux, A. B., E. B. Bozec, M. A. Alivon, S. L. Laurent, and P. B. Boutouyrie. "P2.02 COMPARISON OF CENTRAL BLOOD PRESSURE MEASURED BY APPLANATION TONOMETRY AND ECHOTRACKING." Artery Research 6, no. 4 (2012): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artres.2012.09.083.
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Alivon, M. A., M. L. Lindner, H. K. Khettab, E. B. Bozec, C. P. Palombo, S. L. Laurent, and P. B. Boutouyrie. "P2.21 AGREEMENT OF CENTRAL BLOOD PRESSURE MEASURED BY APPLANATION TONOMETRY AND ECHOTRACKING." Artery Research 7, no. 3-4 (2013): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artres.2013.10.082.
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Santiago, Luiz Miguel, Ana Rita Simões, Paula Ricardo Miranda, Catarina Dias, Inês Rosendo, Liliana Constantino, Tiago Santos, Maria da Glória Neto, and Maria dos Prazeres Francisco. "Peripheral blood pressure by Dinamap and central blood pressure by applanation tonometry in outpatient general practice." Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English Edition) 32, no. 6 (June 2013): 497–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.repce.2013.06.005.
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Punin, D. A. "Effect of the combination of a short-acting β2-agonist plus an anticholinergic drug on the efficacy of coronary blood flow measured by applanation tonometry in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". Russian Medical Inquiry 4, № 4 (2020): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-4-199-206.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: bronchodilators are the major class of drugs prescribed for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Meanwhile, treatment strategies for obstructive lung disease using bronchodilators are continually discussed and reviewed, in particular, with regard to their potential effect on cardiovascular system. Aim: to evaluate the effect of the combination of a short-acting β2-agonist plus an anticholinergic medication (fenoterol 50 μg/dose + ipratropium bromide 20 μg/dose, 2 doses) on the efficacy of coronary blood flow in COPD patients. Patients and Methods: spirometry with bronchodilator testing (at least 12 hours after using the medication) was performed in 30 COPD patients. The efficacy of coronary blood flow was assessed by central subendocardial viability ratio (C_SEVR) measured by applanation tonometry which was performed before and 15, 30, and 60 min after using the bronchodilator. Oxygen saturation was measured at all stages of the study. Results: the combination of fenoterol and ipratropium bromide resulted in the increase of C_SEVR by 9.5 [3.3; 10.8]% in patients with low oxygen saturation at baseline due to heart rate reduction, diastolic lengthening, and oxygen level improvement. The timing of the effect was determined by the reversibility of bronchial obstruction. No effects of the combination of fenoterol and ipratropium bromide on central and peripheral blood pressure were reported. Conclusion: low oxygen saturation at baseline and reversible bronchial obstruction in COPD patients allow for a favorable predicted systemic effect of the combination of fenoterol and ipratropium bromide. When using in therapeutic dosages and according to recommended dosage regimen, this combination improves bronchopulmonary function, oxygen saturation, and the efficacy of coronary blood flow measured by applanation tonometry. KEYWORDS: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, applanation tonometry, central subendocardial viability ratio, SEVR, bronchial obstruction, oxygen saturation. FOR CITATION: Punin D.A. Effect of the combination of a short-acting β2-agonist plus an anticholinergic drug on the efficacy of coronary blood flow measured by applanation tonometry in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(4):199–206. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-4-199-206.
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Kim, David H., and Branko Braam. "Assessment of arterial stiffness using applanation tonometry." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 91, no. 12 (December 2013): 999–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2013-0010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Augmentation index (AIx) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) assess functional and structural aspects of the vascular wall and are independent markers of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Like blood pressure, many factors, genetic, structural, and physiological, affect AIx and PWV. AIx and PWV can be assessed noninvasively using applanation tonometry. The technique is simple, but comes with a number of practical and technical limitations that have not been well documented and (or) explored. This review considers pulse wave analysis in the context of cardiovascular disease, and considers its limitations. Data are presented indicating that the placement of the probe is critical, and that the amplitude of the obtained signal is related to the variability in measurements. On a more theoretical note, issues are discussed regarding the applied transfer functions that are built in the devices to assess central AIx from peripheral waveforms. Altogether, PWV and its analysis are useful additions to the arsenal of parameters that can be used to assess vascular health and to estimate vascular risk. Yet, our analysis underscores the necessity for precise operating procedures, and calls for transparency regarding the applied transfer functions of commercial devices.
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Salvi, Paolo, Andrea Grillo, and Gianfranco Parati. "Noninvasive estimation of central blood pressure and analysis of pulse waves by applanation tonometry." Hypertension Research 38, no. 10 (July 9, 2015): 646–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hr.2015.78.
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Shchelkova, G. V., A. R. Zairova, N. M. Danilov, A. N. Rogoza, and I. E. Chazova. "Effect of renal denervation on the arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics in patients with resistant hypertension." Systemic Hypertension 13, no. 4 (December 15, 2016): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/sg29140.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim: to evaluate the effect of renal denervation (RDN) on the stiffness of the aorta and major arteries, central blood pressure and index augmentation in patients with resistant hypertension. Material and methods. We included 20 patients with systolic blood pressure 178 [170; 180] mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure 100 [94; 100] mm Hg on 5.1±0.7 antihypertensive drugs with diuretic, who underwent bilateral RDN. Blood pressure (BP) was studied before intervention, at 7 days and 6 months after RDN by tree methods: office BP, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) and aortic BP with applanation tonometry a. radialis (SphygmoCor). All patients were divided into two groups by ABPM in 6 months after RDN: responders (decrease of mean ABPM≥5 mm Hg) and non-responders (decrease of mean ABPM
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Mercurio, Lobasso, Barbieri, Parrella, Ciervo, Liccardo, Bonaduce, Tocchetti, De Paulis, and Rossi. "Inflammatory, Serological and Vascular Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 9 (April 30, 2019): 2154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20092154.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and aim: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Among many mechanisms, accelerated atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and hypercoagulability play a main role. Here, we investigate whether inflammatory, serological and clinical markers of SLE determine and correlate with arterial stiffness in SLE patients. Materials and methods: Routine blood samples, inflammatory mediators, specific antibodies, and 24 h proteinuria were measured in 43 SLE patients and 43 age and sex-matched controls using routine laboratory assays. We also assessed arterial stiffness by measuring radial artery applanation tonometry-derived augmentation index (AI), normalized AI (AIx@75), aortic pulse pressure, central systolic, diastolic and peripheral blood pressure. Results: SLE patients showed a significantly greater arterial stiffness vs. controls, as demonstrated by the significantly higher AIx@75 and aortic pulse pressure. Interestingly, regression analysis showed that age, systolic pulse pressure, inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein), daily dose of glucocorticoids, and cumulative organ damage positively correlated with arterial stiffness. Conclusions: SLE patients show increased arterial stiffness which correlates with markers of inflammation, that is involved in early alterations in arterial walls. Applanation tonometry can be used to screen SLE patients for subclinical vascular damage to implement prevention strategies for CVD.
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Doupis, John, Nikolaos Papanas, Alison Cohen, Lyndsay McFarlan, and Edward Horton. "Pulse Wave Analysis by Applanation Tonometry for the Measurement of Arterial Stiffness." Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal 10, no. 1 (August 31, 2016): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874192401610010188.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of our study was to investigate the association between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and pulse wave analysis (PWA)-derived measurements for the evaluation of arterial stiffness. A total of 20 (7 male and 13 female) healthy, non-smoking individuals, with mean age 31 ± 12years were included. PWV and PWA measurements were performed using a SphygmoCor apparatus (Atcor Medical Blood Pressure Analysis System, Sydney Australia). PWV significantly correlated with all central aortic haemodynamic parameters, especially with pulse pressure (PP) (p < 0.0001), augmentation index corrected for 75 pulses/min (AI75) (p = 0.035) and augmentation pressure (AP) (p = 0.005). Male subjects presented significantly higher PWV compared with females (p = 0.03), while there were no differences in PP, AP and AI75. In conclusion, PWA is strongly correlated with PWV as a method for the evaluation of arterial stiffness.
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SAVAGE, M. Tessa, Charles J. FERRO, Sarah J. PINDER, and Charles R. V. TOMSON. "Reproducibility of derived central arterial waveforms in patients with chronic renal failure." Clinical Science 103, no. 1 (June 11, 2002): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1030059.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Arterial stiffness potently predicts mortality in dialysis patients. Pulse-wave analysis permits the non-invasive assessment of indices of arterial stiffness and the central pressure waveform by applanation tonometry. The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility of pulse-wave analysis in patients with chronic renal failure. A total of 188 subjects (23 healthy controls, along with 71 pre-dialysis, 67 dialysis and 27 transplant patients) took part. Duplicate measurements were recorded of brachial blood pressure using the semi-automated Omron 705 device and of the radial artery pressure waveform using applanation tonometry. The central pressure aortic waveform was then obtained by application of a transfer function incorporated into the SphygmoCor software. Central aortic mean blood pressure (MBP), indices of arterial stiffness [augmentation index (AIx) and time to reflection (TR)] and the subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR) were analysed for intra-observer, inter-observer and long-term reproducibility using Bland-Altman plots. The mean (±S.D.) intra-observer difference was 0±4% for AIx, 0±20 ms for TR, 0±3 mmHg for aortic MBP and 0±18% for the SEVR. Inter-observer mean differences were 0±3% for AIx, 1±7ms for TR, 1±4mmHg for aortic MBP and 1±9% for the SEVR. For the long-term study, the mean differences were -1±9% for AIx, -2±13mmHg for aortic MBP, -2±12ms for TR and 1±29% for the SEVR. Pulse-wave analysis showed excellent reproducibility in all the studies, and is therefore suitable for use in all patients with chronic renal failure. Further prospective and interventional studies are now required to assess whether AIx and TR are important prognostic indices of cardiovascular events, and therefore relevant surrogate indices of arterial stiffness in this susceptible population.
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Siebenhofer, A., CRW Kemp, AJ Sutton, and B. Williams. "The reproducibility of central aortic blood pressure measurements in healthy subjects using applanation tonometry and sphygmocardiography." Journal of Human Hypertension 13, no. 9 (September 1999): 625–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jhh.1000887.
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Kamran, Haroon, Jason M. Lazar, Rinkesh Patel, IIir Maraj, Heather Berman, and Louis Salciccioli. "The Age-Dependent Contribution of Aortic Incident and Reflected Pressure Waves to Central Blood Pressure in African-Americans." International Journal of Hypertension 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/585703.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aging is associated with increased central aortic systolic pressure (CSP) and pulse pressure which are predictive of cardiovascular events. Mechanisms implicated for higher central pressures include a higher forward incident pressure wave (P1), higher augmented pressure (AP), and shorter reflected wave round trip travel time (Tr). African-Americans (AA) have more frequent and deleterious blood pressure elevation. Using applanation tonometry, we studied the association of age and CSP with P1 and AP in 900 AA subjects. Data showed that in subjects ≤50 years old, CSP was mediated by AP but not P1 or Tr, whereas in those >50, CSP was mediated by both AP and P1 and to a lesser extent by Tr. Predictive models were significant () for both age groups. In conclusion, wave reflection is the primary determinant of CSP in younger AA, while in older subjects, CSP is mediated by both the magnitude and timing of wave reflection as well as aortic impedance.
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Aksenova, T. A., V. V. Gorbunov, and S. Yu Tsarenok. "Pulse wave velocity and other indicators of arterial stiffness in hypertension comorbidity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 90, no. 3 (March 15, 2018): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/terarkh201890310-15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim is to study pulse wave velocity (PWV) and other parameters of arterial stiffness in patients with comorbid arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Materials and methods. 32 patients with a combination of AH and COPD (group 1), 30 patients with isolated hypertension (group 2), 18 patients with isolated COPD (group 3), 30 healthy subjects (control group) were examined. Applanation tonometry and pulse wave contour analysis at the carotid-femoral segment were made by SphygmoCor (AtCor Medical). Results. Aortic systolic blood pressure in patients with the combination of hypertension and COPD was higher compared to the group of the patients with isolated hypertension by 9.83% (p=0.02), and the patients with COPD by 41.5% (p = 0.000042), respectively. Central pulse pressure in the first group was higher compared to the second group by 29.58% (p=0.00022), in the third group - by 53.4% (p=0.0029). The combination of hypertension and COPD (β=0.42, p=0.00019), age (β=0.39, p=0.0002) and the level of aortic pulse pressure (β=0.54, p=0.001) were marked as independent factors of PWV increasing according to the multiple regression analysis. Conclusion. In patients with a combination of hypertension and COPD the increase in PWV, systolic and pulse pressure in the ascending aorta was observed, compared to patients with isolated hypertension, isolated COPD and the control group during applanation tonometry.
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Cheng, Hao-Min, Dora Lang, Catalin Tufanaru, and Alan Pearson. "Measurement accuracy of non-invasively obtained central blood pressure by applanation tonometry: A systematic review and meta-analysis." International Journal of Cardiology 167, no. 5 (September 2013): 1867–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.04.155.
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Edwards, David G., Amie L. Gauthier, Melissa A. Hayman, Jesse T. Lang, and Robert W. Kenefick. "Acute effects of cold exposure on central aortic wave reflection." Journal of Applied Physiology 100, no. 4 (April 2006): 1210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01154.2005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of acute cold exposure on the timing and amplitude of central aortic wave reflection and central pressure. We hypothesized that cold exposure would result in an early return of reflected pressure waves from the periphery and an increase in central aortic systolic pressure as a result of cold-induced vasoconstriction. Twelve apparently healthy men (age 27.8 ± 2.0 yr) were studied at random, in either temperate (24°C) or cold (4°C) conditions. Measurements of brachial artery blood pressure and the synthesis of a central aortic pressure waveform (by noninvasive radial artery applanation tonometry and use of a generalized transfer) were conducted at baseline and after 30 min in each condition. Central aortic augmentation index (AI), an index of wave reflection, was calculated from the aortic pressure waveform. Cold induced an increase ( P < 0.05) in AI from 3.4 ± 1.9 to 19.4 ± 1.8%. Cold increased ( P < 0.05) both brachial and central systolic pressure; however, the magnitude of change in central systolic pressure was greater ( P < 0.05) than brachial (13 vs. 2.5%). These results demonstrate that cold exposure and the resulting peripheral vasoconstriction increase wave reflection and central systolic pressure. Additionally, alterations in central pressure during cold exposure were not evident from measures of brachial blood pressure.
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Nedogoda, S. V., E. V. Chumachek, A. A. Ledyaeva, V. V. Tsoma, A. S. Salasyuk, V. O. Smirnova, V. Yu Khripaeva, R. V. Palashkin, and E. A. Popova. "Improving blood pressure control, organoprotection and metabolic disorders correction in patients with hypertension switching from diuretic-based combinations to fixed combination lisinopril + amlodipine + rosuvastatin." Systemic Hypertension 15, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/2075-082x_2018.2.24-31.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the study was to assess the possibility of fixed combination Lisinopril + amlodipine + rozuvastatin to improve arterial elesticity in patients with hypertension and high pulse wave velocity, despite previous diuretic-based combination antihypertensive therapy. Materials and methods. In an open, observational study duration of 24 weeks was included 60 patients on previous diuretic-based combination antihypertensive therapy. All participants underwent 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, applanation tonometry (augmentation index and central blood pressure), pulse wave velocity measurement, laboratory tests (lipid profile, fasting glucose, insulin resistance index - NOMA), leptin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein before and after the switching to a fixed combination of lisinopril + amlodipine + rosuvastatin. Results. According to measurements of office blood pressure switching of patients on double combinations based on diuretics to a fixed combination of lisinopril + amlodipine + rosuvastatin, a further decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 13.7% and diastolic BP (DBP) by 18.8% was observed. According to the ABPM, the decline in the average daily SBP was 15.8%, DBP - 22.5%, average SBP - 16.2%, DBP - 19.8%. The combination of lisinopril + amlodipine + rosuvastatin reduced PWV by 15.9%, augmentation index by 13.5%, central SBP by 8.4% (p
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Wee, Sang, Huimin Yan, Abbi Lane-Cordova, Sushant Ranadive, Alexander Rosenberg, Daniel White, and Bo Fernhall. "Sex Differences in Aortic Hemodynamics Following Acute Exercise: Wave Separation Analysis." International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 01 (December 3, 2018): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0752-0256.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe importance of sex differences in the control of blood pressure responses to exercise is controversial. It is unknown whether the potential sex differences are a result of magnitude differences in forward or reflected pressure waves. The purpose of this study was to investigate sex differences in BP following acute exercise using wave separation analysis. Sixty-eight adults (36 females) participated in the study. Aerobic capacity was measured during a graded cycle ergometry test. Central pulse wave analysis was derived from the radial pulse using applanation tonometry and separated into forward and reflected pressure waves before, and 15 min and 30 min after maximum aerobic exercise. Both males and females exhibited significantly decreased brachial SBP (p<0.05) following acute exercise. However, only males exhibited a significant decrease in forward wave pressure (p<0.05). Reflected wave pressure was decreased following exercise in both sex (p<0.05) with no sex difference. Males and females differ in blood pressure control following maximal exercise. Results show that males rely on both central and peripheral hemodynamic modifications, whereas females mostly rely on peripheral modifications. The preferential peripheral adaptations in females may provide insight regarding mechanisms of blood pressure control and the disproportionate development of hypertension in young men compared to women.
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Tarumi, Takashi, Muhammad Ayaz Khan, Jie Liu, Benjamin M. Tseng, Rosemary Parker, Jonathan Riley, Cynthia Tinajero, and Rong Zhang. "Cerebral Hemodynamics in Normal Aging: Central Artery Stiffness, Wave Reflection, and Pressure Pulsatility." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 34, no. 6 (March 19, 2014): 971–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.44.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Blood ejected from the left ventricle perfuses the brain via central elastic arteries, which stiffen with advancing age and may elevate the risk of end-organ damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of central arterial aging on cerebral hemodynamics. Eighty-three healthy participants aged 22 to 80 years underwent the measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CBF velocity (CBFV) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transcranial Doppler, respectively. The CBF pulsatility was determined by the relative amplitude of CBFV to the mean value (CBFV%). Central arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity), wave reflection (carotid augmentation index), and pressure were measured using applanation tonometry. Total volume of white-matter hyperintensity (WMH) was quantified from MR images. Total CBF decreased with age while systolic and pulsatile CBFV% increased and diastolic CBFV% decreased. Women showed greater total CBF and lower cerebrovascular resistance than men. Diastolic CBFV% was lower in women than in men. Age- and sex-related differences in CBF pulsatility were independently associated with carotid pulse pressure and arterial wave reflection. In older participants, higher pulsatility of CBF was associated with the greater total volume of WMH. These findings indicate that central arterial aging has an important role in age-related differences in cerebral hemodynamics.
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CLOUD, Geoffrey C., Chakravarthi RAJKUMAR, Jaspal KOONER, Jonathan COOKE, and Christopher J. BULPITT. "Estimation of central aortic pressure by SphygmoCor® requires intra-arterial peripheral pressures." Clinical Science 105, no. 2 (August 1, 2003): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20030012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Central arterial pressure, measured close to the heart, may be of more patho-physiological importance than conventional non-invasive cuff blood pressure. The technique of applanation tonometry using SphygmoCor® has been proposed as a non-invasive method of estimating central pressure. This relies on mathematically derived generalized transfer functions, which have been previously validated using invasive peripheral pressure measurements. We compared simultaneous estimates of central aortic pressure using this technique with those measured directly during the routine diagnostic cardiac catheterization of 30 subjects (age range 27–84 years), half of whom were aged 65 years or more. This was done by applanating the left radial artery and recording the non-invasive brachial cuff blood pressure to generate a central aortic pressure estimate, using the SphygmoCor® radial transfer function. The comparative results were analysed using Bland—Altman plots of mean difference. SphygmoCor®, on average, underestimated systolic central arterial pressure by 13.3 mmHg and overestimated diastolic pressure by 11.5 mmHg. The results were similar in patients aged under and above 65 years. Furthermore, non-invasively measured brachial pressures were seen to give an overall closer estimate of the central arterial pressure than the SphygmoCor® system. The transfer function has been validated from invasively measured arterial pressures and the current use by the system of non-invasive measures may explain the discrepancies. However, age, drugs and arterial disease would also be expected to play a role.
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Tsvetkova, E. E., A. A. Kuznetsov, D. V. Denisova, Yu I. Ragino, and M. I. Voevoda. "Comparison of the association of brachial arterial pressure and parameters of central aortic pressure with left ventricular hypertrophy in the general population of Novosibirsk." Russian Journal of Cardiology, no. 1 (February 9, 2019): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2019-1-18-22.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim.There is evidence that central aortic blood pressure (BP) is more associated with left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy than brachial BP. The purpose of this work is to compare the association of brachial and central aortic BP with electrocardiographic parameters of left ventricular hypertrophy in the general population of Novosibirsk.Material and methods. We examined 327 people: 155 men and 172 women aged 25-44 years from a representative sample from the general population of Novosibirsk. The study program included anthropometry, BP measurement, electrocardiography, biochemical blood analysis. Radial artery applanation tonometry and pulse wave analysis were performed using the SphygmoCor system. Left ventricular hypertrophy was determined by electrocardiographic parameters.Results.In the general population of Novosibirsk, central aortic BP is more associated with left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy than brachial BP. Central pulse pressure, in contrast to brachial BP, is significantly associated with the R+S index (p=0,0085), as well as RI (p=0,0038) and RaVL (p=0,0039) wave amplitude. Central systolic aortic BP, in contrast to brachial systolic BP, is significantly associated with RI (p=0,042) and RaVL (p=0,029) wave amplitudes. Amplification parameters of central aortic BP, regardless of brachial BP, are associated with indices of left ventricular hypertrophy. Pulse pressure amplification in groups with or without left ventricular hypertrophy, standardized for age, gender, height, waist circumference, heart rate, triglyceride levels, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood glucose, and brachial pulse pressure, was 13,3 mm Hg and 12,5 mm Hg, respectively (p=0,035).Conclusion.The results of this study substantiate the relevance of the practical use of central aortic BP parameters in addition to the office measurement of brachial BP.
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Nedogoda, S. V., T. N. Sanina, V. V. Tsoma, A. A. Ledyaeva, E. V. Chumachek, A. S. Salasyuk, D. S. Vlasov, and O. I. Bychkova. "Optimal Organ Protection and Blood Pressure Control with the Single Pill Combination Lisinopril, Amlodipine and Indapamide in Arterial Hypertension." Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology 16, no. 6 (December 30, 2020): 931–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2020-11-03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. To evaluate the single pill combination with lisinopril, amlodipine and indapamide ability in additional angioprotection achievement in patients with arterial hypertension and high pulse wave velocity (PWV) regardless on previous antihypertensive therapy (AHT).Material and methods. To the open non-randomized study duration 12 weeks 40 patients were included taking triple AHT during 6 months. All participants underwent ambulatory 24 hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring, applanation tonometry (augmentation index and central BP), pulse wave velocity assessment, laboratory tests (HbA1c, serum uric acid, high sensitive C-reactive protein [hsCRP], serum uric acid).Results. We observed additional systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) reduction by 16.9% and 22.11% on lisinopril, amlodipine and indapamide single pill combination. Lisinopril, amlodipine and indapamide single pill combination decreased 24 h mean SBP by 16.77%, and 24 h mean DBP -23.5% (ABPM data), PWV by 19.7%, augmentation index by 14.81%, central SBP by 11.9% (p<0,05). There were positive changes in hsCRP level (-13.0%, p<0.05) and serum uric acid (-9.0%, p<0.05).Conclusion. Lisinopril, amlodipine and indapamide single pill combination provided control BP, arterial elastic properties improving (augmentation index, PWV, central BP) and favorable influence on inflammation and serum uric acid level.
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Barnes, Jill N., Darren P. Casey, Casey N. Hines, Wayne T. Nicholson, and Michael J. Joyner. "Cyclooxygenase inhibition augments central blood pressure and aortic wave reflection in aging humans." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 302, no. 12 (June 15, 2012): H2629—H2634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00032.2012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The augmentation index and central blood pressure increase with normal aging. Recently, cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, commonly used for the treatment of pain, have been associated with transient increases in the risk of cardiovascular events. We examined the effects of the COX inhibitor indomethacin (Indo) on central arterial hemodynamics and wave reflection characteristics in young and old healthy adults. High-fidelity radial arterial pressure waveforms were measured noninvasively by applanation tonometry before (control) and after Indo treatment in young (25 ± 5 yr, 7 men and 6 women) and old (64 ± 6 yr, 5 men and 6 women) subjects. Aortic systolic (control: 115 ± 3 mmHg vs. Indo: 125 ± 5 mmHg, P < 0.05) and diastolic (control: 74 ± 2 mmHg vs. Indo: 79 ± 3 mmHg, P < 0.05) pressures were elevated after Indo treatment in older subjects, whereas only diastolic pressure was elevated in young subjects (control: 71 ± 2 mmHg vs. Indo: 76 ± 1 mmHg, P < 0.05). Mean arterial pressure increased in both young and old adults after Indo treatment ( P < 0.05). The aortic augmentation index and augmented pressure were elevated after Indo treatment in older subjects (control: 30 ± 5% vs. Indo 36 ± 6% and control 12 ± 1 mmHg vs. Indo: 18 ± 2 mmHg, respectively, P < 0.05), whereas pulse pressure amplification decreased (change: 8 ± 3%, P < 0.05). In addition, older subjects had a 61 ± 11% increase in wasted left ventricular energy after Indo treatment ( P < 0.05). In contrast, young subjects showed no significant changes in any of the variables of interest. Taken together, these results demonstrate that COX inhibition with Indo unfavorably increases central wave reflection and augments aortic pressure in old but not young subjects. Our results suggest that aging individuals have a limited ability to compensate for the acute hemodynamic changes caused by systemic COX inhibition.
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Edwards, David G., Corey R. Mastin, and Robert W. Kenefick. "Wave reflection and central aortic pressure are increased in response to static and dynamic muscle contraction at comparable workloads." Journal of Applied Physiology 104, no. 2 (February 2008): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00541.2007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We determined the effects of static and dynamic muscle contraction at equivalent workloads on central aortic pressure and wave reflection. At random, 14 healthy men and women (23 ± 5 yr of age) performed a static handgrip forearm contraction [90 s at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC)], dynamic handgrip contractions (1 contraction/s for 180 s at 30% MVC), and a control trial. During static and dynamic trials, tension-time index was controlled by holding peak tension constant. Measurements of brachial artery blood pressure and the synthesis of a central aortic pressure waveform (by radial artery applanation tonometry and generalized transfer function) were conducted at baseline, during each trial, and during 1 min of postexercise ischemia (PEI). Aortic augmentation index (AI), an index of wave reflection, was calculated from the aortic pressure waveform. AI increased during both static and dynamic trials (static, 5.2 ± 3.1 to 11.8 ± 3.4%; dynamic, 5.8 ± 3.0 to 13.3 ± 3.4%; P < 0.05) and further increased during PEI (static, 18.5 ± 3.1%; dynamic, 18.6 ± 2.9%; P < 0.05). Peripheral and central systolic and diastolic pressures increased ( P < 0.05) during both static and dynamic trials and remained elevated during PEI. AI and pressure responses did not differ between static and dynamic trials. Peripheral and central pressures increased similarly during static and dynamic contraction; however, the rise in central systolic pressure during both conditions was augmented by increased wave reflection. The present data suggest that wave reflection is an important determinant of the central blood pressure response during forearm muscle contractions.
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Xu, Hong, Ivan Cabezas-Rodriguez, Abdul Rashid Qureshi, Olof Heimburger, Peter Barany, Sunna Snaedal, Björn Anderstam, et al. "Increased Levels of Modified Advanced Oxidation Protein Products are Associated with Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 35, no. 4 (July 2015): 460–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2013.00064.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
♦Background and Aims Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Central blood pressure (BP) is thought to be more relevant than peripheral BP for the pathogenesis of CVD. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) are markers of oxidative stress. This study investigated the relationship between AOPP and central BP in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. ♦Methods In a cross-sectional study of 75 PD patients (67% men), we analyzed two oxidative stress markers, AOPP (modified assay, mAOPP, correcting for the impact of triglycerides) and pentosidine, three inflammation markers, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). All patients underwent measurement of central systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by applanation tonometry. ♦Results Patients with mAOPP levels above the median had a higher central SBP and DBP than those below the median values. In univariate analysis, the levels of mAOPP associated with central SBP and central DBP. Multiple regression analysis, adjusting for age, gender, diabetes, CVD, protein-energy wasting (PEW), hs-CRP and extracellular water by multi-frequency bioimpedance or N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), confirmed independent associations between mAOPP and central SBP and central DBP respectively. ♦Conclusions The mAOPP level is independently associated with the central SBP and DBP in PD patients. This finding suggests that oxidative stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension or that hypertension itself or factors associated with hypertension such as fluid overload may have an additional effect on oxidative stress in PD patients.
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Cheng, Chun-Yu, Hao-Min Cheng, Shih-Pin Chen, Chih-Ping Chung, Yung-Yang Lin, Han-Hwa Hu, Chen-Huan Chen, and Shuu-Jiun Wang. "White matter hyperintensities in migraine: Clinical significance and central pulsatile hemodynamic correlates." Cephalalgia 38, no. 7 (August 30, 2017): 1225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102417728751.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background The role of central pulsatile hemodynamics in the pathogenesis of white matter hyperintensities in migraine patients has not been clarified. Methods Sixty patients with migraine (20–50 years old; women, 68%) without overt vascular risk factors and 30 demographically-matched healthy controls were recruited prospectively. Cerebral white matter hyperintensities volume was determined by T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with CUBE-fluid-attenuated-inversion-recovery sequences. Central systolic blood pressure, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, and carotid augmentation index were measured by applanation tonometry. Carotid pulsatility index was derived from Doppler ultrasound carotid artery flow analysis. Results Compared to the controls, the migraine patients had higher white matter hyperintensities frequency (odds ratio, 2.75; p = 0.04) and greater mean white matter hyperintensities volume (0.174 vs. 0.049, cm3, p = 0.04). Multivariable regression analysis showed that white matter hyperintensities volume in migraine patients was positively associated with central systolic blood pressure ( p = 0.04) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity ( p < 0.001), but negatively associated with carotid pulsatility index ( p = 0.04) after controlling for potential confounding factors. The interaction effects observed indicated that the influence of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity ( p = 0.004) and central systolic blood pressure ( p = 0.03) on white matter hyperintensities formation was greater for the lower-carotid pulsatility index subgroup of migraine patients. White matter hyperintensities volume in migraine patients increased with decreasing carotid pulsatility index and with increasing central systolic blood pressure or carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Conclusions White matter hyperintensities are more common in patients with migraine than in healthy controls. Increased aortic stiffness or central systolic blood pressure in the presence of low intracranial artery resistance may predispose patients with migraine to white matter hyperintensities formation.
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Edwards, David G., Matthew S. Roy, and Raju Y. Prasad. "Wave reflection augments central systolic and pulse pressures during facial cooling." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 294, no. 6 (June 2008): H2535—H2539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01369.2007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cardiovascular events are more common in the winter months, possibly because of hemodynamic alterations in response to cold exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acute facial cooling on central aortic pressure, arterial stiffness, and wave reflection. Twelve healthy subjects (age 23 ± 3 yr; 6 men, 6 women) underwent supine measurements of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), brachial artery blood pressure, and central aortic pressure (via the synthesis of a central aortic pressure waveform by radial artery applanation tonometry and generalized transfer function) during a control trial (supine rest) and a facial cooling trial (0°C gel pack). Aortic augmentation index (AI), an index of wave reflection, was calculated from the aortic pressure waveform. Measurements were made at baseline, 2 min, and 7 min during each trial. Facial cooling increased ( P < 0.05) peripheral and central diastolic and systolic pressures. Central systolic pressure increased more than peripheral systolic pressure (22 ± 3 vs. 15 ± 2 mmHg; P < 0.05), resulting in decreased pulse pressure amplification ratio. Facial cooling resulted in a robust increase in AI and a modest increase in PWV (AI: −1.4 ± 3.8 vs. 21.2 ± 3.0 and 19.9 ± 3.6%; PWV: 5.6 ± 0.2 vs. 6.5 ± 0.3 and 6.2 ± 0.2 m/s; P < 0.05). Change in mean arterial pressure but not PWV predicted the change in AI, suggesting that facial cooling may increase AI independent of aortic PWV. Facial cooling and the resulting peripheral vasoconstriction are associated with an increase in wave reflection and augmentation of central systolic pressure, potentially explaining ischemia and cardiovascular events in the cold.
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Matsumoto, Kenji, Zhezhen Jin, Shunichi Homma, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Joseph E. Schwartz, Tatjana Rundek, Carlo Mannina, Kazato Ito, Ralph L. Sacco, and Marco R. Di Tullio. "Office, Central, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure for Predicting First Stroke in Older Adults: A Community-Based Cohort Study." Hypertension 78, no. 3 (September 2021): 851–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17308.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hypertension is the most prevalent modifiable risk factor for stroke. Office blood pressure (BP) measurements may have limitations in defining the impact of hypertension on stroke. Our aim was to compare the stroke risk for office, central, and ambulatory BP measurements in a predominantly older population-based prospective cohort. Participants in the CABL study (Cardiovascular Abnormalities and Brain Lesions; n=816; mean age, 70.8±9.0 years; 39.8% men) underwent applanation tonometry of the radial artery for central BP and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. During a follow-up of 9.6±3.1 years, stroke occurred in 76 participants (9.3%). Among office BP variables, only diastolic BP was associated with stroke in multivariable competing risk model ( P =0.016). None of the central BP variables showed a significant association with stroke. Conversely, all ambulatory systolic and diastolic BP variables were significantly associated with stroke after adjustment for clinical confounders (all P <0.005). In an additional multivariable competing risk model including both ambulatory systolic and diastolic BP values obtained at the same time of the day, diastolic BP was more strongly associated with stroke than systolic BP in 24-hour, daytime, and nighttime periods (all P <0.05). Therefore, in a predominantly older population-based cohort, office diastolic BP was weakly associated with incident stroke; no central BP variable was prognostic of stroke. However, all ambulatory systolic and diastolic BP values were significantly associated with stroke in multivariable competing risk analyses. Moreover, ambulatory diastolic BP was a stronger predictor of stroke than ambulatory systolic BP.
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Salvi, Paolo, Filippo Valbusa, Anna Kearney-Schwartz, Carlos Labat, Andrea Grillo, Gianfranco Parati, and Athanase Benetos. "Non-Invasive Assessment of Arterial Stiffness: Pulse Wave Velocity, Pulse Wave Analysis and Carotid Cross-Sectional Distensibility: Comparison between Methods." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 8 (April 15, 2022): 2225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082225.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: The stiffening of large elastic arteries is currently estimated in research and clinical practice by propagative and non-propagative models, as well as parameters derived from aortic pulse waveform analysis. Methods: Common carotid compliance and distensibility were measured by simultaneously recording the diameter and pressure changes during the cardiac cycle. The aortic and upper arm arterial distensibility was estimated by measuring carotid–femoral and carotid–radial pulse wave velocity (PWV), respectively. The augmentation index and blood pressure amplification were derived from the analysis of central pulse waveforms, recorded by applanation tonometry directly from the common carotid artery. Results: 75 volunteers were enrolled in this study (50 females, average age 53.5 years). A significant inverse correlation was found between carotid distensibility and carotid–femoral PWV (r = −0.75; p < 0.001), augmentation index (r = −0.63; p < 0.001) and central pulse pressure (r = −0.59; p < 0.001). A strong correlation was found also between the total slope of the diameter/pressure rate carotid curves and aortic distensibility, quantified from the inverse of the square of carotid–femoral PWV (r = 0.67). No correlation was found between carotid distensibility and carotid–radial PWV. Conclusions: This study showed a close correlation between carotid–femoral PWV, evaluating aortic stiffness by using the propagative method, and local carotid cross-sectional distensibility.
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DeVan, Allison E., Maria M. Anton, Jill N. Cook, Daria B. Neidre, Miriam Y. Cortez-Cooper, and Hirofumi Tanaka. "Acute effects of resistance exercise on arterial compliance." Journal of Applied Physiology 98, no. 6 (June 2005): 2287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00002.2005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Decreased central arterial compliance is an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Resistance training is associated with reductions in the elastic properties of central arteries. Currently, it is not known whether this reduction is from one bout of resistance exercise or from an adaptation to multiple bouts of resistance training. Sixteen healthy sedentary or recreationally active adults (11 men and 5 women, age 27 ± 1 yr) were studied under parallel experimental conditions on 2 separate days. The order of experiments was randomized between resistance exercise (9 resistance exercises at 75% of 1 repetition maximum) and sham control (seated rest in the exercise room). Baseline hemodynamic values were not different between the two experimental conditions. Carotid arterial compliance (via simultaneous B-mode ultrasound and applanation tonometry) decreased and β-stiffness index increased ( P < 0.01) immediately and 30 min after resistance exercise. Immediately after resistance exercise, carotid systolic blood pressure increased ( P < 0.01), although no changes were observed in brachial systolic blood pressure at any time points. These measures returned to baseline values within 60 min after the completion of resistance exercise. No significant changes in these variables were observed during the sham control condition. These results indicate that one bout of resistance exercise acutely decreases central arterial compliance, but this effect is sustained for <60 min after the completion of resistance exercise.
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Meidert, Agnes S., Wolfgang Huber, Alexander Hapfelmeier, Miriam Schöfthaler, Johannes N. Müller, Nicolas Langwieser, Julia Y. Wagner, Roland M. Schmid, and Bernd Saugel. "Evaluation of the radial artery applanation tonometry technology for continuous noninvasive blood pressure monitoring compared with central aortic blood pressure measurements in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome." Journal of Critical Care 28, no. 6 (December 2013): 908–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2013.06.012.
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Mironova, S. A., Yu S. Yudina, M. A. Ionov, N. G. Avdonina, I. V. Emelyanov, E. Yu Vasil`eva, E. A. Kitaeva, N. E. Zvartau, and A. O. Konradi. "Novel biomarkers of kidney injury and fibrosis in patients with different severity of hypertension: relation to vascular reactivity and stiffness." Russian Journal of Cardiology, no. 1 (February 9, 2019): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2019-1-44-51.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. To compare the relationships between conventional and new potentially more early investigational biomarkers (urine and ultrasound) of kidney injury and central aortic blood pressure, vascular stiffness and reactivity, endothelial dysfunction in patients with different severity of hypertension.Material and methods. Urine levels NGAL, KIM-1, L-FABP, albuminuria and serum levels of сystatin C and creatinine were measured in 92 hypertensive patients with mild and severe hypertension, 46 male (mean age 50,7±12,2 years). Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by the level of serum creatinine and cystatin C by MDRD and CKD-EPI formulas. Instrumental examination included measuring office blood pressure, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (SpaceLabs 90207), applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor, Artcor Medical) with the calculation of central aortic blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and augmentation index and Doppler ultrasonography with assessment of intraparenchymal renal arterial resistance indices — resistive index and pulsatility index (Vivid 7 dimension). Endothelial function was assessed by reactive hyperemia index with EndoPAT device (Itamar Medicals).Results. There were no differences in conventional levels of biomarkers between patients, however, cystatin C level increased and serum cystatin C estimated GFR and serum creatinine and cystatin C estimated GFR (CKD EPI formula) (sCr,Cys-estimated GFR) levels decreased with the severity of hypertension. These novel biomarkers were associated with increased central aortic blood pressure, arterial stiffness and intraparenchymal renal arterial resistance indices. Decreased sCr,Cys-estimated GFR levels were associated with lower reactive hyperemia index. There were no differences in NGAL, KIM-1 and L-FABP levels in patients with hypertension. However, NGAL levels were associated with increased augmentation index, resistive index in intralobular and pulsatility index in arcuate arteries, KIM-1 and L-FABP levels were associated with increased systolic and diastolic central aortic blood pressure, pulse wave velocity only in patients with severe and resistant hypertension.Conclusion. Serum cystatin C, NGAL, KIM-1 and L-FABP levels seem to be biomarkers of increased systemic and intrarenal vascular stiffness in patients with different severity of hypertension.
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Melo, Xavier, Bo Fernhall, Diana A. Santos, Rita Pinto, Nuno M. Pimenta, Luís B. Sardinha, and Helena Santa-Clara. "The acute effect of maximal exercise on central and peripheral arterial stiffness indices and hemodynamics in children and adults." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 41, no. 3 (March 2016): 266–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0204.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study compared the effects of a bout of maximal running exercise on arterial stiffness in children and adults. Right carotid blood pressure and artery stiffness indices measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), compliance and distensibility coefficients, stiffness index α and β (echo-tracking), contralateral carotid blood pressure, and upper and lower limb and central/aortic PWV (applanation tonometry) were taken at rest and 10 min after a bout of maximal treadmill running in 34 children (7.38 ± 0.38 years) and 45 young adults (25.22 ± 0.91 years) having similar aerobic potential. Two-by-two repeated measures analysis of variance and analysis of covariance were used to detect differences with exercise between groups. Carotid pulse pressure (PP; η2 = 0.394) increased more in adults after exercise (p < 0.05). Compliance (η2 = 0.385) decreased in particular in adults and in those with high changes in distending pressure, similarly to stiffness index α and β. Carotid PWV increased more in adults and was related to local changes in PP but not mean arterial pressure (MAP). Stiffness in the lower limbs decreased (η2 = 0.115) but apparently only in those with small MAP changes (η2 = 0.111). No significant exercise or group interaction effects were found when variables were adjusted to height. An acute bout of maximal exercise can alter arterial stiffness and hemodynamics in the carotid artery and within the active muscle beds. Arterial stiffness and hemodynamic response to metabolic demands during exercise in children simply reflect their smaller body size and may not indicate a particular physiological difference compared with adults.
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Verbeke, Francis, Wim Van Biesen, Anneleen Pletinck, Luc M. Van Bortel, and Raymond Vanholder. "Acute Central Hemodynamic Effects of a Volume Exchange in Peritoneal Dialysis." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 28, no. 2 (March 2008): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080802800209.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Although peritoneal dialysis is considered to offer more hemodynamic stability than hemodialysis, the acute hemodynamic effects of peritoneal dialysis have only been investigated scarcely. The present study assesses the central hemodynamic impact of volume infusion using pH-adjusted icodextrin, thus avoiding interference of glucose, pH, and osmolarity. Methods Patients were randomized to 3 different starting volumes (A: 1000 mL, B: 1500 mL, and C: 2500 mL) of icodextrin, followed by addition (A and B) or drainage (C) of 200 mL every 10 minutes for 50 minutes. Local carotid systolic blood pressure (BP; as a surrogate for central BP), augmentation index, and augmentation pressure were measured by applanation tonometry before and after infusion of the starting volumes and after each volume change. Results We included 13 patients (median age 57 years). Baseline brachial BP was 126/77 mmHg. After infusion of the starting volume, carotid systolic BP and augmentation pressure increased by 4.7 mmHg ( p = 0.006) and 3.1 mmHg ( p = 0.015). Augmentation index increased by 5.7% ( p = 0.04) and heart rate decreased by 2.6/minute ( p = 0.006). Intraperitoneal pressure increased by 2.3 cm H2O ( p = 0.03). No additional hemodynamic changes except for a rise in diastolic BP with increasing volume ( p = 0.004) were observed after subsequent addition or removal of volumes. Conclusions Infusion of peritoneal dialysis fluids causes an acute increase in carotid systolic B P, followed by a progressive rise in diastolic BP. These effects persist until complete drainage of the abdomen and may be due to an enhanced preload, resulting from intraperitoneal venous compression, and/or increased wave reflection.
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Kobalava, Zh D., Yu V. Stavtseva, E. A. Troitskaya, A. F. Safarova, and A. E. Petrosyan. "Blood pressure phenotypes in young patients with type 1 diabetes." Russian Journal of Cardiology 25, no. 3 (April 6, 2020): 3729. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3-3729.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. To study phenotypes of clinic and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP), to determine their associations with arterial stiffness parameters, and to assess global cardiovascular risk (CVR) in young patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Material and methods. The presented cross-sectional single-center study included 81 T1D patients without a history of hypertension (HTN) and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (men — 39%; median age — 27 years; median duration of T1D — 6 years). All participants underwent a routine clinical and laboratory testing, measurement of clinic and 24-hour ambulatory BP (BPLab Vasotens), assessment of central BP and arterial stiffness parameters using applanation tonometry technique. BP phenotypes were analyzed with diagnostic criteria for HTN by ESC/ESH 2018 guidelines. CVR was assessed using the SCORE 10-year risk calculator (ESC 2019). The differences were considered significant at p<0,05.Results. The prevalence of true HTN was 6,2%, masked HTN — 38,3%. Isolated nocturnal HTN was revealed in 30,7% of patients with clinic BP <140/90 mm Hg. The subgroup with masked HTN was dominated by patients with normal clinic BP (58,1%) and in most cases was characterized by isolated diastolic BP increase (64,5%). Masked HTN was associated with a higher carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) (median — 7,2 versus 6,3 m/s, p=0,002). The most common profiles of nocturnal BP decrease were non-dipper (63.9%) and night-picker (16.6%). High and very high CVR was recorded in 87,7% of patients. Conclusion. Hypertension occurs in 44,5% of young patients with type 1 diabetes and is characterized by a high prevalence of masked isolated nocturnal HTN and non-dipping. Masked HTN is associated with a higher carotid-femoral PWV. High and very high 10-year CVR was recorded in 87,7% of patients.
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Masajtis-Zagajewska, Anna, Ewa Pawłowicz, and Michal Nowicki. "Effect of Short-Term Cold Exposure on Central Aortic Blood Pressure in Patients with CKD." Nephron 145, no. 1 (October 14, 2020): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000510365.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Study determined effects of arterial hypertension and impaired kidney function on acute cold exposure induced changes in peripheral and central aortic blood pressure (BP). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Five-six subjects were divided into 3 groups including 20 hypertensive patients with normal kidney function (AH-non-CKD), 20 patients with hypertension and CKD (AH-CKD) stage 3b–4 and 16 healthy normotensive subjects (C). Baseline BP, central BP, and central pulse pressure, unadjusted augmentation index (AI) and central augmented pressure were assessed by applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor) before entering the room with constant temperature −10°C (°C), after 10 min in the cold room and in same conditions in room temperature. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Cold exposure led to significant increase of central aortic, systolic, and diastolic BP in both AH-non-CKD (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and AH-CKD (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The central aortic BP did not change in healthy subjects. The increase of central aortic systolic blood pressure was significantly larger in AH-CKD compared to AH-non-CKD group (<i>p</i> = 0.0002). Increase of aortic central and brachial systolic and diastolic BP was significantly larger in AH-CKD and AH-non-CKD patients than in controls. AI increased and subendocardial viability ratio and heart rate decreased after cold exposure in all groups. Central aortic and brachial rate pressure product increased by approximately 2,300 bpm × mm Hg (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and 1,600 bpm × mm Hg (<i>p</i> < 0.001), respectively, in the AH-CKD group and by 1,000 bpm × mm Hg (<i>p</i> = 0.007) and 500 bpm × mm Hg (<i>p</i> = 0.19) in AH-non-CKD group after cold exposure. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Short-term cold exposure induces larger increase of brachial and central aortic BP in patients with arterial hypertension than in healthy subjects. The changes in central aortic pressure are augmented in hypertensive patients with impaired kidney function.
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Enea, Carina, Pernelle Laffetas, Aurélien Pichon, and Nathalie Delpech. "Arterial Stiffness and Hemodynamics in Young Women: The Effects of Oral Contraceptive Intake and Physical Habits." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 25, 2021): 3393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073393.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Oral contraceptive (OC) intake seems to be associated with increased central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness. Conversely, physical activity (PA) is known to induce benefits on vascular structure and function, suggesting that the negative effects of the OC pill could be counterbalanced by regular PA. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine (1) whether OC intake in young women is associated with higher values of hemodynamic parameters and arterial stiffness and (2) whether these negative effects could be counterbalanced by regular physical activity. Forty-nine young healthy women (21.9 years ± 2.1) were recruited and divided into 4 groups, depending on their hormonal status (OC users: OC+ or non-OC users: OC−) and their physical habits (active/inactive). Assessments of central hemodynamics (central blood pressure, Aix75) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were performed using applanation tonometry. cBP was higher in OC+ vs. OC−, while PWV was similar between these two groups. No interaction between physical activity and hormonal status was observed for any of these variables. Nevertheless, PWV was lower in young active women compared with age-matched inactive women, suggesting that the positive effect of regular physical exercise on the cardiovascular system is already visible in the first years of women’s adulthood, whatever the hormonal status.
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Yan, Huimin, Sushant M. Ranadive, Kevin S. Heffernan, Abbi D. Lane, Rebecca M. Kappus, Marc D. Cook, Pei-Tzu Wu, et al. "Hemodynamic and arterial stiffness differences between African-Americans and Caucasians after maximal exercise." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 306, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): H60—H68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00710.2013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
African-American (AA) men have higher arterial stiffness and augmentation index (AIx) than Caucasian-American (CA) men. Women have greater age-associated increases in arterial stiffness and AIx than men. This study examined racial and sex differences in arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics at rest and after an acute bout of maximal exercise in young healthy individuals. One hundred young, healthy individuals (28 AA men, 24 AA women, 25 CA men, and 23 CA women) underwent measurements of aortic blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness at rest and 15 and 30 min after an acute bout of graded maximal aerobic exercise. Aortic BP and AIx were derived from radial artery applanation tonometry. Aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral) was measured via pulse wave velocity. Aortic stiffness was increased in AA subjects but not in CA subjects ( P < 0.05) after an acute bout of maximal cycling exercise, after controlling for body mass index. Aortic BP decreased after exercise in CA subjects but not in AA subjects ( P < 0.05). Women exhibited greater reductions in AIx after maximal aerobic exercise compared with men ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, race and sex impact vascular and central hemodynamic responses to exercise. Young AA and CA subjects exhibited differential responses in central stiffness and central BP after acute maximal exercise. Premenopausal women had greater augmented pressure at rest and after maximal aerobic exercise than men. Future research is needed to examine the potential mechanisms.
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Nedogod, S. V., A. A. Ledyaeva, E. V. Chumachek, V. V. Tsoma, A. S. Salasyuk, V. O. Smirnova, V. Yu Khripaeva, R. V. Palashkin, and E. A. Popova. "ADDITIONAL ANGIOPROTECTION AND METAbOLIC DISORDERS CORRECTION IN TREATMENT OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION PATIENTS REACHED TARGET bLOOD PRESSURE LEVELS, WITH FIxED COMbINATION OF PERINDOPRIL AND INDAPAMIDE." Russian Journal of Cardiology, no. 4 (May 9, 2018): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2018-4-67-74.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. Evaluation of the ability of fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide (Noliprel Bi Forte) to achieve additional angioprotection in patients with arterial hypertension already reached target blood pressure (BP) at previous antihypertension therapy with losartan and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT).Material and methods. To open observational study, lasting 12 weeks, 25 patients included, those who had been taking losartan+HCT 100/12,5 mg. Results. During the study, all patients underwent 24 hour BP monitoring, applanation tonometry (augmentation index assessment and of central BP), measurement of pulse wave velocity (PWV), laboratory tests (lipids, fasting glucose, HOMA index, homocystein, leptin, adiponectin, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), vascular age assessment). After shifting the therapy with losartan and HCT to combination perindopril and indapamide, BP decreased additionally by 3,9%, and diastolic BP — 5,4% (p<0,05). There was decrease of augmentation index by 9,4% and vascular age by 6,0% (p<0,05). There was also decrease of leptin level by 14,5%, hsCRP by 11,0%, and increase of adiponectin by 9,9% (p<0,05).Conclusion. The fixed combination perindopril and indapamide does have advantages for losartan and HCT combination in BP control, vascular elasticity improvement, and facilitates the decrease of body mass index, insulin resistance and non-infectious inflammation.
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Cook, Jill N., Allison E. DeVan, Jessica L. Schleifer, Maria M. Anton, Miriam Y. Cortez-Cooper, and Hirofumi Tanaka. "Arterial compliance of rowers: implications for combined aerobic and strength training on arterial elasticity." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 290, no. 4 (April 2006): H1596—H1600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01054.2005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Regular endurance exercise increases central arterial compliance, whereas resistance training decreases it. It is not known how the vasculature adapts to a combination of endurance and resistance training. Rowing is unique, because its training encompasses endurance- and strength-training components. We used a cross-sectional study design to determine arterial compliance of 15 healthy, habitual rowers [50 ± 9 (SD) yr, 11 men and 4 women] and 15 sedentary controls (52 ± 8 yr, 10 men and 5 women). Rowers had been training 5.4 ± 1.2 days/wk for 5.7 ± 4.0 yr. The two groups were matched for age, body composition, blood pressure, and metabolic risk factors. Central arterial compliance (simultaneous ultrasound and applanation tonometry on the common carotid artery) was higher ( P < 0.001) and carotid β-stiffness index was lower ( P < 0.001) in rowers than in sedentary controls. There were no group differences for measures of peripheral (femoral) arterial stiffness. The higher central arterial compliance in rowers was associated with a greater cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity, as estimated during a Valsalva maneuver ( r = 0.54, P < 0.005). In conclusion, regular rowing exercise in middle-aged and older adults is associated with a favorable effect on the elastic properties of the central arteries. Our results suggest that simultaneously performed endurance training may negate the stiffening effects of strength training.
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Zagidullin, N. Sh, R. Kh Zulkarneev, E. S. Scherbakova, Yu F. Safina, and Sh Z. Zagidullin. "Arterial stiffness as a cardiovascular events risk marker and possibilities for its downregulation by contemporary antihypertensive medications." Kazan medical journal 95, no. 4 (August 15, 2014): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj1847.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Arterial blood pressure measured by Korotkov’s method is a non-valid predictor for possible cardiovascular events, which requires introduction of new methods of arterial hypertension diagnostics. Recently, the effect on arterial stiffness has become a very important characteristic of antihypertensive drugs overall efficacy. Evaluation of arterial stiffness (central aortic pressure, augmentation index and pulse wave velocity) contributes to more precise cardiovascular risk stratification and reflects target organ damage and the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment. In particular, pulse wave velocity exceeding 12 m/s is a significant risk factor of cardiovascular events. Arterial compliance can be determined by applanation tonometry, pulse wave shift at the carotid and femoral arteries, finger photoplethysmography, volume pulsoxymetry, echo-tracking, suprasystolic pulse waves recording method and cardio-ankle vascular index. Different effects of antihypertensive drugs on arterial stiffness at the same blood pressure reduction have been repeatedly shown. The article discusses the impact of the most commonly used antihypertensive drugs, including contemporary antihypertensive drugs combinations, on arterial stiffness. Effect of beta-blockers greatly varies depending on the characteristics of the drug, diuretics have neutral effect, calcium antagonists (especially amlodipine) decrease the pulse wave speed and arterial wall stiffness. Both angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers (more data for enalapril, perindopril and valsartan) were effective in decreasing arterial wall stiffness. A significant reduction in arterial wall stiffness was mainly found if antihypertensive drugs combinations were used, especially the combination of calcium antagonists and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers.
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Nedogoda, S. V., E. V. Chumachek, A. A. Ledyaeva, V. V. Tsoma, A. S. Salasyuk, V. O. Smirnova, V. Yu Hripaeva, R. V. Palashkin, and E. A. Popova. "OPTIMAL ORGANOPROTECTION, CONTROL OF bLOOD PRESSURE AND METAbOLIC DISORDER WITH THE FIxED COMbINATION OF LISINOPRIL, AMLODIPINE AND ROSUVASTATIN IN SYSTEMIC HYPERTENSION." Russian Journal of Cardiology, no. 4 (May 9, 2018): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2018-4-49-55.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. Evaluation of the ability of the fixed combination of lisinopril, amlodipine and rosuvastatin (Equamer) in achievement of additional angioprotection in patients with systemic arterial hypertension (AH) and high pulse wave velocity (PWV), regardless of previous antihypertensive therapy (AHT).Material and methods. To the open multicenter observational study 24 weeks duration, 60 patients included, taking double AHT during 6 months. All participants underwent ambulatory 24 hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring, applanation tonometry (augmentation index and central BP), pulse wave velocity assessment, laboratory tests (lipids, fasting glucose, insulin resistance index (HOMA), leptin, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) before and after transition to the fixed combination of lisinopril, amlodipine and rosuvastatin (Equamer).Results. By the data from office BP measurement, after transition of patients from the double combinations to fixed combination of lisinopril, amlodipine and rosuvastatin, there was additional decrease of systolic BP (SBP) by 14,3% and diastolic BP (DBP) by 18,5%. By the data from ABPM, decrease of SBP was 16,1%, and DBP — 21,8%. Combination of lisinopril, amlodipine and rosuvastatin decreased PWV by 14,4%, augmentation index by 14,5%, central SBP by 8,1% (p<0,01 for all comparisons with baseline). Fixed combination of lisinopril, amlodipine and rosuvastatin made it to decrease low density lipoproteides by 44%, triglycerides by 36,1% and increase of high density lipoproteides by 10,3% (p<0,01 for all with baseline). Usage of combination of lisinopril, amlodipine and rosuvastatin showed significant decrease of insulin resistance, hsCRP and leptin levels.Conclusion. Fixed combination of lisinopril, amlodipine and rosuvastatin makes it to better control BP, improve vascular elasticity parameters (augmentation index, PWV, central BP) and facilitates the improvement of lipid and glucose metabolism, decrease of inflammation, leptin resistance in patients taking at baseline double antihypertensive therapy.
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Nedogoda, S. V., A. A. Ledyaeva, E. V. Chumachek, V. V. Tsoma, A. S. Salasyuk, V. O. Lutova, E. A. Popova, et al. "Optimization of blood pressure control, organ protection and metabolic disorders using a fixed-dose combination of lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin in hypertensive patients after COVID-19." Russian Journal of Cardiology 26, no. 12 (November 21, 2021): 4766. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4766.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. To evaluate the potential of a fixed-dose combination of lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin (Equamer®) in achieving additional vascular protection in patients with hypertension and high pulse wave velocity (PWV) after severe and very severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), complicated by bilateral multisegmental viral pneumonia, with the use of biological therapy, who had not previously received combination antihypertensive therapy.Material and methods. This 12-week open-label observational study included 30 patients with or without antihypertensive therapy. The patients underwent 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, applanation tonometry (determination of the augmentation index (AI) and central blood pressure (CBP)), PWV measurement, blood laboratory tests (lipid profile, fasting glucose, C-reactive protein, complete blood count, ferritin, fibrinogen, D-dimer, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, uric acid) before and after switch to a fixed-dose combination of lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin.Results. At baseline, the patients had an increase in office blood pressure (BP) up to 152,6/89,1 mm Hg. After prescribing a fixed-dose combination of lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin, there was a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 15,8% and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 12,2%. According to 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, the decrease in SBP was 15%, DBP — by 9%, PWV — by 23,8%, AI — by 9%, CBP — by 12,4% (p<0,05 for all compared to baseline values). Vascular age (VA) was initially increased to 41,9 years with a chronological age of 35,03 years. After the end of therapy, there was a significant decrease in VA to 36,5 years, low-density lipoproteins by 46,8%, triglycerides by 16,8% and an increase in high-density lipoproteins by 10,7% (p<0,05 for all compared to baseline values). In addition, the levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimer, glucose, and uric acid significantly decreased.Conclusion. The fixed-dosed combination of lisinopril+amlodipine+rosuvastatin provides better blood pressure control, improved vascular elasticity parameters (AI, PWV, CBP, decrease in VA), and also improves lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, reduces inflammation in patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia after severe COVID-19.
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Nedogoda, S. V., A. A. Ledyaeva, A. S. Salasyuk, E. V. Chumachek, V. V. Tsoma, V. O. Lutova, E. A. Popova, et al. "Blood pressure control, target organ protection and metabolic disorders control using a fixed combination of azilsartan medoxomil + chlorthalidone in hypertensive patients survived after severe and extremely severe COVID-19." "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension") 27, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 642–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/1607-419x-2021-27-6-642-652.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective. Evaluation of the possibility of a fixed combination of azilsartan medoxomil + chlorthalidone in additional angioprotection in patients with arterial hypertension (HTN) and high pulse wave velocity (PWV) after confirmed severe or extremely severe COVID-19 (bilateral polysegmental viral pneumonia) treated by genetically engineered biological drugs, who had not previously received combined antihypertensive therapy.Design and methods. An open observational study lasting 12 weeks included 30 patients, 28–31 days after discharge from the hospital after a severe and extremely severe COVID-19, who received or had not previously received antihypertensive therapy. Patients underwent 24-hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring, applanation tonometry (augmentation index and central BP), measurement of PWV, laboratory tests before and after prescription of a fixed combination of azilsartan medoxomil + chlorthalidone.Results. At baseline, patients showed an increase in office blood pressure to 153,06/92,2 mmHg. After treatment with a fixed combination of azilsartan medoxomil + chlorthalidone, a decrease in systolic BP by 18,47% and diastolic BP by 16,24% was observed. According to ambulatory BP monitoring, the decrease in systolic BP was 19,65% and diastolic BP — 24,68%, PWV decreased by 34,4%, augmentation index — by 9,42%, central systolic BP — by 15,48% (p < 0,05). At baseline, vascular age (VA) was increased to 44,96 years compared to the passport age of 35,03 years. After treatment, there was a significant decrease in VA to 38,74 years (p < 0,01). In addition, the levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimer, glucose, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid significantly decreased.Conclusions. The fixed combination of azilsartan medoxomil + chlorthalidone provides better control of BP. It also helps to improve vascular elasticity (augmentation index, PWV, central systolic BP, decrease in VA) and to reduce post-infectious inflammation in HTN patients after a severe coronavirus infection.
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Czepiel, Jacek, Marek Rajzer, Grzegorz Bilo, Gianfranco Parati, Grażyna BIesiada, Dorota Cibor, Ewelina Pitera, Paweł Wołkow, Mateusz Michalak, and Aleksander Garlicki. "The Association Between Chronic Hepatitis B, Chronic Hepatitis C, Sustained Liver Damage, and Features of Increased Cardiovascular Risk." Folia Biologica 69, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3409/fb_69-1.03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is thought that chronic liver disease affects a person's risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Chronic Hepatitis B (HBV) infection, Chronic Hepatitis C (HCV) infection, and liver damage on cardiovascular risk and selected vascular parameters contributing to CVD risk. This case-control study included a group of 114 patients composed of 34 patients with HBV, 35 patients with HCV, and 45 patients as the control group. Cardiovascular risk was assessed by analyzing classic risk factors, and the SCORE system. The following arterial properties were analyzed using applanation tonometry with SphygmoCor Vx technology: central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), central pulse pressure, augmentation pressure, augmentation index, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Asymmetric dimethyloarginine (ADMA) blood levels were analyzed using ELISA as a marker of vascular function. In a univariable analysis we found no significant differences between the hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and control groups in terms of PWV (respectively: median 7.2 [Q25-Q75 6.4-8.5], 7.3 [6.9-8.7], 7.8 [6.5-8.9]), cSBP (115 [109-126], 118 [107-123], 116 [107-129]), ADMA (0.52 [0.47-0.60], 0.53 [0.45-0.62], 0.58 [0.51-0.63]), SCORE (0 [0-1], 0 [0-2], 0 [0-2]). No significant differences in cardiovascular variables were observed between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. A multivariable analysis confirmed the above findings. (PWV, p=0 . 29; cSBP, p=0.26; ADMA, p=0.19). We concluded that chronic hepatitis B or C was not independently associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile nor with an unfavorable pattern of vascular parameters contributing to CVD risk in our study population, even in the case of liver cirrhosis. The same was true for blood ADMA levels.
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Nedogoda, S. V., E. V. Chumachek, V. V. Tsoma, A. S. Salasyuk, V. O. Smirnova, and E. A. Popova. "Effectiveness of in insulin resistance correction and the adipokines level reduction in patients with arterial hypertension in comparison with other ARBs." Russian Journal of Cardiology, no. 1 (February 9, 2019): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2019-1-70-79.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. To assess the possibility of azilsartan medoxomil to achieve target blood pressure (BP) (less than 130/80 mm Hg), to study angioprotective features and reduction of adipokines levels and inflammatory markers in patients with hypertension and previous therapy with other ARBs.Material and methods. In open observational study with 24 weeks follow-up were included 60 patients with previous therapy (losartan or valsartan or telmisartan).All patients underwent ambulatory BP monitoring, applanation tonometry (determination of the augmentation index and central BP), measurement of the pulse wave velocity, laboratory tests (lipid profile, uric acid, fasting glucose, Homeostasis Model Assessment, homocysteine, leptin, adiponectin, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6).Results. Azilsartan provided the systolic BP (29,05%, 22,5% and 8,9%) and diastolic BP reduction 18,82%, 20,46% and 8,54% (p<0,05) in patients previously treated with losartan, valsartan or telmisartan, respectively. Central systolic BP (by 25,95%, 8,78%, 11,94%), central pulse BP (by 40%, 18,38% and 19,6%), augmentation index (by 28,87%, 20,69% and 14,29%) and pulse wave velocity (by 21,57%, 24,56% and 24,92%) were decreased (p<0,05). There were positive changes in leptin, C-reactive protein, IL-6, adiponectin levels in all patients with losartan, valsartan or telmisartan initial therapy (p<0,05).Conclusion. Azilsartan medoxomil has advantages in BP control, the arterial elasticity improving, reducing of insulin-resistance and inflammation.
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Tomoto, Tsubasa, Jun Sugawara, Takashi Tarumi, Collin Chiles, Bryon Curtis, Evan P. Pasha, C. Munro Cullum, and Rong Zhang. "Carotid Arterial Stiffness and Cerebral Blood Flow in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment." Current Alzheimer Research 17, no. 12 (February 22, 2021): 1115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205018666210113155646.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Central arterial stiffness is an emerging risk factor of age-related cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that carotid arterial stiffness is associated with reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) and increased cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a prodromal stage of AD. Methods: Fifty-four patients with amnestic MCI and 24 cognitively normal subjects (CN) of similar age and sex to MCI patients underwent measurements of CBF and carotid β-stiffness index using ultrasonography and applanation tonometry. Total CBF was measured as the sum of CBF from both the internal carotid and vertebral arteries, and divided by total brain tissue mass (assessed with MRI) to obtain normalized CBF (nCBF). Results: Relative to CN subjects, MCI patients showed lower nCBF (53.3 ± 3.2 vs 50.4±3.4 mL/100 g/min, P < 0.001) and higher CVR (0.143 ± 0.019 vs 0.156 ± 0.023 mmHg/mL/min, P < 0.015). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that nCBF was negatively associated with carotid β-stiffness index (B = -0.822, P < 0.001); CVR was positively associated with carotid systolic pressure (B = 0.001, P < 0.001) after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and MCI status. Conclusion: These findings suggest that carotid artery stiffening may contribute at least in part to the reduced nCBF and increased CVR in patients with MCI associated with augmented carotid arterial pulsatility.
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Battillo, Daniel J., and Steven K. Malin. "Relation of Aortic Waveforms with Gut Hormones following Continuous and Interval Exercise among Older Adults with Prediabetes." Metabolites 13, no. 2 (January 17, 2023): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020137.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Prediabetes raises cardiovascular disease risk, in part through elevated aortic waveforms. While insulin is a vasodilatory hormone, the gut hormone relation to aortic waveforms is less clear. We hypothesized that exercise, independent of intensity, would favor aortic waveforms in relation to gut hormones. Older adults (61.3 ± 1.5 yr; 33.2 ± 1.1 kg/m2) with prediabetes (ADA criteria) were randomized to undertake 60 min of work-matched continuous (CONT, n = 14) or interval (INT, n = 14) exercise for 2 wks. During a 180 min 75-g OGTT, a number of aortic waveforms (applanation tonometry) were assessed: the augmentation pressure (AP) and index (AIx75), brachial (bBP) and central blood pressure (cBP), pulse pressure (bPP and cPP), pulse pressure amplification (PPA), and forward (Pf) and backward pressure (Pb) waveforms. Acylated-ghrelin (AG), des-acylated ghrelin (dAG), GIP, and GLP-1active were measured, and correlations were co-varied for insulin. Independent of intensity, exercise increased VO2peak (p = 0.01) and PPA120min (p = 0.01) and reduced weight (p < 0.01), as well as AP120min (p = 0.02) and AIx75120min (p < 0.01). CONT lowered bSBP (p < 0.02) and bDBP (p < 0.02) tAUC180min more than INT. There were decreases dAG0min related to Pb120min (r = 0.47, p = 0.03), cPP120min (r = 0.48, p = 0.02), and AP120min (r = 0.46, p = 0.02). Declines in AG tAUC60min correlated with lower Pb120min (r = 0.47, p = 0.03) and cPP120min (r = 0.49, p = 0.02) were also found. GLP-1active 0min was reduced associated with lowered AP180min (r = 0.49, p = 0.02). Thus, while CONT exercise favored blood pressure, both intensities of exercise improved aortic waveforms in relation to gut hormones after controlling for insulin.
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Kaur, Japneet, Steven Ferguson, Eduardo Freitas, Ryan Miller, Debra Bemben, Allen Knehans, and Michael Bemben. "Association of Vitamin D Status with Chronic Disease Risk Factors and Cognitive Dysfunction in 50–70 Year Old Adults." Nutrients 11, no. 1 (January 11, 2019): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11010141.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency has been primarily associated with skeletal disorders, however, since vitamin D receptors are found on multiple types of cells, there is also a link to increased chronic disease risk and all-cause mortality. The aim of this study was to examine whether deficient/insufficient vitamin D levels are associated with risk factors of chronic diseases and cognitive dysfunction in 50 to 70 year old adults. Participants completed the health status, three-day dietary record and vitamin D food frequency, sun exposure, and international physical activity questionnaires. Cognitive function of the participants was assessed using the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics while body composition (percent body fat, android/gynoid ratio) was assessed using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry. Applanation tonometry was used to obtain pressure wave forms at the radial artery to examine arterial stiffness and central pressures. A fasting blood draw was taken to measure vitamin D, blood lipid and glucose levels. Fifty percent of the participants (36/72) were vitamin D deficient/insufficient. Individuals in the low physical activity (PA) group had lower serum vitamin D concentration compared to those in the high PA group (p = 0.04). Moreover, serum vitamin D levels were negatively related to risk factors of chronic diseases; blood glucose (r = −0.38; p = 0.01), triglycerides (r = −0.27; p = 0.02), and android/gynoid ratio (r = −0.32; p = 0.01). Deficient/insufficient vitamin D levels are linked to the risk factors of chronic diseases in men and women aged 50 to 70 years.
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Muela, Henrique Cotchi Simbo, Valeria A. Costa-Hong, Monica Sanches Yassuda, Michel Ferreira Machado, Ricardo de Carvalho Nogueira, Natalia C. Moraes, Claudia Maia Memória, et al. "Impact of hypertension severity on arterial stiffness, cerebral vasoreactivity, and cognitive performance." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 11, no. 4 (December 2017): 389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642016dn11-040008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT. Aging, hypertension (HTN), and other cardiovascular risk factors contribute to structural and functional changes of the arterial wall. Objective: To evaluate whether arterial stiffness (AS) is related to cerebral blood flow changes and its association with cognitive function in patients with hypertension. Methods: 211 patients (69 normotensive and 142 hypertensive) were included. Patients with hypertension were divided into 2 stages: HTN stage-1 and HTN stage-2. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and a battery of neuropsychological (NPE) tests were used to determine cognitive function. Pulse wave velocity was measured using the Complior®. Carotid properties were assessed by radiofrequency ultrasound. Central arterial pressure and augmentation index were obtained using applanation tonometry. Middle cerebral artery flow velocity was measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Results: Both arterial stiffness parameters and cerebral vasoreactivity worsened in line with HTN severity. There was a negative correlation between breath holding index (BHI) and arterial stiffness parameters. Cognitive performance worsened in line with HTN severity, with statistical difference occurring mainly between the HTN-2 and normotension groups on both the MMSE and MoCA. The same tendency was observed on the NPE tests. Conclusion: Hypertension severity was associated with higher AS, worse BHI, and lower cognitive performance.