Статті в журналах: "Central Anthropometry"

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Samuel, Kyei, Tagoh Selassie, Kwarteng Michael, and Aboagye Evans. "Ophthalmic Anthropometry among Rural Dwellers in Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe." Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 4, no. 1 (April 8, 2021): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjmhs.v4i1.8.

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Introduction The measures of ophthalmic anthropometric parameters may vary among races and ethnic groups but are of immense importance in clinical diagnosis and management of oculo-visual defects. There is paucity of data on these measures among the Zimbabwean population. Purpose The aim was to determine ophthalmic anthropometric parameters among rural dwellers in Zimbabwe. Methods Six ophthalmic anthropometric parameters including interpupillary distance (IPD), head width (HW), temple width (TW), length to bend (LTB), and apical radius were measured using a pupillometer, PD rule, Head width calipers, Fairbank facial gauge, and ABDO frame rule. Results A total of 471 participants aged 18 to 100 years (mean age = 55.13; SD± 17.33 years). Of the 471 participants, 206 (43.7%) were males and 265 (56.3%) were females. A mean interpupillary distance at far was 65.57 ± 4.80 mm, mean temple width of 12.49 ± 1.53 cm, mean head width of 13.61 ± 1.39 cm and a side length to bend of 10.24 ± 1.20 cm and the apical radius was 9.94 ± 1.37. There was a significant (P < 0.05) difference between the ophthalmic anthropometric parameters of males and females except for temple width and apical radius. Conclusion A narrower interpupillary distance but a wider temple width was observed among adult Zimbabweans. A significant difference in ophthalmic anthropometric parameters between males and females were observed except for temple width and apical radius. This should inform eyewear manufacturers and importers of frames on the facial and ocular parameters of Zimbabweans to improve the aesthetics and ensure a comfortable vision for wearers of already-made near vision spectacles for presbyopes. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(1):99-111

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Ivanenko, V. V., O. P. Rotar, and A. Konradi. "Association of arterial wall stiffness with cardiovascular risk factors." "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension") 15, no. 3 (June 28, 2009): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/1607-419x-2009-15-3-290-295.

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Objective. To assess relation between central blood pressure and arterial stiffness with cardiovascular risk factors. Design and methods. 116 subjects considering themselves healthy were examined. 63 showed blood pressure elevation. Anthropometry was performed and fasting blood specimens were obtained from all patients. Plasma glucose and lipids levels were measured. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AI) were measured by Sphygmocor Px device (Australia). Results. Parameters of arterial stiffness were strongly associated with hypertension, increased waist circumference, age, cholesterol level, and metaboloc syndrome. Females had higher AI as compared to males. Conclusion. Central blood pressure and arterial stiffness are determined not only by age and peripheral blood pressure but by cholesterol level and anthropometric parameters as well.

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Mathieu, F., F. Begaux, C. Suetens, V. De Maertelaer, and M. Hinsenkamp. "Anthropometry and clinical features of Kashin-Beck disease in central Tibet." International Orthopaedics 25, no. 3 (February 24, 2001): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640000192.

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O’Neill, Ciaran. "“Harvard Scientist Seeks Typical Irishman”." Radical History Review 2022, no. 143 (May 1, 2022): 89–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-9566118.

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Abstract In 1870, the Belgian Adolphe Quetelet wrote in his seminal scientific work Anthropometrié that “the average man characterises the nation to which he belongs.” An obsession with the “national” characterized the field of anthropometry, which scientists such as Quetelet pioneered in the Francophone world; their techniques were quickly adopted and adapted elsewhere—by Francis Galton in London and by Aleš Hrdlička, Earnest Hooton, and Franz Boas in the United States. Ireland played a surprisingly central role in this burgeoning new field of international scientific enquiry, which quickly became focused on connecting racial and criminal “degeneracy” under the guise of a scientific search for the “normal,” “average,” or “typical” example of any given ethnic or social group. This article connects two major Irish research projects, the Dublin Anthropometric Lab at Trinity College Dublin (1888–99) and the physical anthropology strand of the Harvard Irish Study (1934–36), to show that Ireland was an important node in the network of scientists and researchers who constructed the discourses of global racial science.

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Choudhari, Pradeep, Himanshu Bansal, and Mayank Kumar. "ANTHROPOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE HIP JOINT IN CENTRAL INDIA POPULATION USING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 09 (September 30, 2021): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13382.

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Background: The presently available hip prosthesis used in hip arthroplasty are designed based on the anthropometry of Western patients. These prosthesis do not replicate the exact anatomy of Indian patients, leading to postoperative complications and requiring revision surgery for correction. If the manufacturers keep in considering the anthropometric parameters of Indians while designing the prosthesis, this may lead to better clinical and functional outcome and higher patient satisfaction. So the present study was undertaken to understand the anthropometric variables of hip joint of Central Indian population and to compare these variables with the other Indian Ethnic groups and western population using computed tomographic images. Materials And Methods: We had included 200 patients and both the left and right side hip joints were analysed. The anthropometric variables included were Neck-Shaft Angle (NSA), Head Diameter (HD), Neck Width (NW), Acetabular Angle of sharp(AA), Horizontal Offset (HO), Vertical Offset (VO), Medullary Canal Diameter at the level of Lesser Trochanter (MDLT), and Acetabular Version (AV) were measured in all these individuals. Comparison of these parameters was done between the left and right side and among the males and females and compared with various populations and statistically analyzed Result: The mean values were NSA 132.53Â°, NW 25.11 mm, HD 43.94 mm, AA of sharp 43.11Â°, HO 43.76 mm, VO 56.37 mm, MDLT 23.00 mm, and AV 19.47Â°. We found a large variations in these parameters among the Indian ethnic groups and western population. Significant differences were seen between the males and females. Conclusion: This study indicates that there are significant differences in anthropometric parameters of proximal femur among the Central India population compared with Western population. Even within the Indian population, the anthropometric parameters vary from region to region.

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Wankhede, KanchankumarP, NamdeoY Kamdi, MadhukarP Parchand, VaibhavP Anjankar, and RajeshV Bardale. "Estimation of stature from maxillo-facial anthropometry in a central Indian population." Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences 4, no. 1 (2012): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-1475.99161.

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Parwata, I. Wayan, Anak Agung Gede Oka Wisnumurti, and Ni Wayan Meidayanti Mustika. "Anthropometry and Ergonomic of Bale Sakenem (Case Study: Central Singapadu Village, Gianyar)." Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 6 (November 29, 2017): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n6p222.

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The Bale Sakenem is one of the buildings located within the Balinese traditional house setting. The development and transformation of the Sakenem bale house are influenced by many factors including high demand, lack of qualified labor, time and work management system resulting in high intervention of Balinese builders (Undagi) on the implementation of the Bale Sakenem development.This research is an observational research using cross-sectional design. The study measures a sample of "Sakenem" house bale that measures in accordance with anthropometry from homeowners. The sample of the people in this study were Owners/home users who owned the Bale "Sakenem" House that met the inclusion criteria. Samples were randomly selected using cluster random sampling method.The results of this second-year study showed that 55% of the sample of people were comfortable with the high suitability of their own "sakenem" bale house structure while 81% of the sample people felt better comfort against the bale-bale of bale "sakenem" intervention house. The convenience of high listplank also known that as many as 66% comfort felt from the high listplank house bale "sakenem" intervention. And as many as 52% chose comfort and suitability of high sakenem "sakenem" saka house height which only slightly comparison with high saka bale "sakenem" control i.e. 48%. The height of the bale "sakenem" intervention is 76 cm and the average height from waist to toe of the user of bale "sakenem" house in the village of Singapadu Tengah Gianyar is 75.75 cm which means that the height of the rod indicates the height which is not ideal and cause inconvenience. The height of bale-bale from bale house "sakenem" is 67 cm and the average height from waist to tip of user heel bale "sakenem" in the village of Singapadu Tengah Gianyar is 75.75 cm which can be analyzed that the user can easily rise to the top of bale- bale and create comfort and security. High saka in bale house "sakenem" that is 195 cm and the average height of bale house owner "sakenem" measured from the tip of the head to the tip of the heel is 165.45 cm which means that the height of saka is still included in the criteria of comfort.

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Mishra, Braja Kishori, and Sunita Mishra. "Nutritional Anthropometry and Preschool Child Feeding Practices in Working Mothers of Central Orissa." Studies on Home and Community Science 1, no. 2 (December 2007): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09737189.2007.11885245.

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Anjana, M., S. Sandeep, R. Deepa, K. S. Vimaleswaran, S. Farooq, and V. Mohan. "Visceral and Central Abdominal Fat and Anthropometry in Relation to Diabetes in Asian Indians." Diabetes Care 27, no. 12 (November 23, 2004): 2948–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.12.2948.

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Lindberger, Emelie, Inger Sundström Poromaa, and Fredrik Ahlsson. "Impact of maternal central adiposity on infant anthropometry and perinatal morbidity: A systematic review." European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X 8 (October 2020): 100117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurox.2020.100117.

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Aladejana, Adebowale Emmanuel, and Elizabeth Bosede Aladejana. "Anthropometry and Liver Function Parameters in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome." Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences 11 (December 10, 2021): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.18.

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Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a metabolic condition commonly associated with central adiposity and altered liver function parameters (LFPs). Several studies have suggested these altered LFPs as a result of fatty liver diseases (e.g., non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases) often prevalent in MS. Since altered LFPs are very common in MS, there is a possibility they can be used as predictors of MS. However, only a few studies have been carried out to evaluate this possibility. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the potential of LFPs as predictors or risk factors of MS. The study groups included 50 individuals diagnosed with MS (case group) and 50 apparently normal individuals (control) from Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Anthropometric measurements, phlebotomy, liver function tests, and lipid profile estimations were done using standard procedures. (The result and conclusion section has been omitted).

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Arigliani, Michele, Robert Kitenge, Luigi Castriotta, Pathy Ndjule, Vincenzo Barbato, Paola Cogo, and Leon Tshilolo. "Lung function in children with sickle cell disease from Central Africa." Thorax 74, no. 6 (April 26, 2019): 604–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-212720.

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Lung function in patients with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) living in sub-Saharan Africa is largely unknown. Anthropometry and spirometry were cross-sectionally evaluated in patients with SCA (HbSS) aged 6–18 years and in schoolchildren from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Global Lung Initiative 2012 spirometry reference values were used. A total of 112 patients and 377 controls were included. Twenty-six per cent of patients with SCA had spirometry findings suggestive of a restrictive pattern and 41% had a FEV1 z-score <5th percentile. Wasting, increasing age and female sex were independently associated with increased risk of restrictive spirometry pattern in patients with SCA. Longitudinal studies could clarify the prognostic meaning of these findings.

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Dewi, Nikmah Utami, Nurulfuadi Nurulfuadi, Ummu Aiman, Diah Ayu Hartini, Fendi Pradana, and Bohari Bohari. "Food Insecurity and Anthropometry in Adolescents: A Literature Review." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, F (October 16, 2020): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4998.

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BACKGROUND: The increased risk of malnutrition is affected by food insecurity. Studies in adolescents still show mixed results. AIM: This article aimed to evaluate the association between food insecurity and anthropometry measurements in studies involving adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The databases used to obtain the literature were PubMed, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and PubMed Central. The keywords used were food security, food insecurity, hunger, malnutrition, obesity, adolescence, adolescents, teenagers, teens, and youth in studies published from 2010 to 2019. A total of 12 articles were used in this review. RESULTS: The association between food insecurity and the incidence of malnutrition in adolescents in various regions is still diverse. Food insecurity had a negative correlation with BMI-for-age in three studies (33.3%), but one study (11.1%) showed the opposite result. Food insecurity was positively related to low height-for-age (stunting) in 50% of studies, while five other studies (55.6%) showed that food insecurity was not related to BMI-for-age or weight-for-age. Three studies (50%) showed that there was no association between food insecurity and height-for-age. CONCLUSION: Longitudinal studies, such as Cohort studies, need to be conducted to ensure the actual relationship between food insecurity and nutritional status in various regions.

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Abenavoli, Ludovico, Laura Di Renzo, Pietro Hiram Guzzi, Rinaldo Pellicano, Natasa Milic, and Antonino De Lorenzo. "Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity, central fat mass and adinopectin: a close relationship." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 88, no. 4 (November 6, 2015): 489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-595.

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AIM: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the general population. Overweight is a common conditions in patients with NAFLD, and body composition (BC) assessment is useful to evaluate nutritional status and the efficacy of nutritional strategies. A valid tool for assessing BC is dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Adiponectin has been shown to be relevant to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The aim of this observational study is to define the relationship between the severity of NAFLD, the central fat mass evaluated by DXA, and the circulating levels of adiponectin.METHODS: The study was carried out in 31 overweight patients. The degree of liver steatosis was evaluated by ultrasound (US) examination. Anthropometric parameters were measured according to standard methods. Fasting glucose and insulin level were used also to calculate insulin resistance (IR), according to the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique was performed to dose fasting serum levels of adiponectin.RESULTS: NAFLD progression was signiﬁcantly associated with increased central fat (p<0.05). Using DXA, we quantified the regional distribution of adipose tissue and found the expected association between central fat and the US severity of NAFLD. Serum levels of adiponectin, were inversely related to NAFLD progression (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: BC evaluated by anthropometry and DXA, may be used as indicator of NAFLD severity in overweight patients. The evaluation of BC in clinical practice, can improve the nutritional strategies and follow-up. In the clinical setting adiponectin can represent a potential marker for the staging of NAFLD.

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Glad, Camilla A. M., Lena M. S. Carlsson, Olle Melander, Peter Almgren, Lars Sjöström, Staffan Nilsson, Ingrid Larsson, Per-Arne Svensson, and Gudmundur Johannsson. "The GH receptor exon 3 deleted/full-length polymorphism is associated with central adiposity in the general population." European Journal of Endocrinology 172, no. 2 (February 2015): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-14-0723.

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ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that the GH receptor (GHR) exon 3 deleted (d3)/full-length (fl) polymorphism influences anthropometry and body composition in the general population.Design and settingThe Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) reference study is a cross-sectional population-based study, randomly selected from a population registry. A subgroup of the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDC-CC) was used as a replication cohort.MethodsThe SOS reference study comprises 1135 subjects (46.2% men), with an average age of 49.5 years. The MDC-CC includes 5451 successfully genotyped subjects (41.5% men), with an average age of 57.5 years. GHR d3/fl genotypes were determined using TagSNP rs6873545. Linear regression analyses were used to test for genotype–phenotype associations.ResultsIn the SOS reference study, subjects homozygous for the d3-GHR weighed ∼4 kg more (P=0.011), and had larger waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, P=0.036), larger waist circumference (P=0.016), and more fat-free mass estimated from total body potassium (P=0.026) than grouped fl/d3 and fl/fl subjects (d3-recessive genetic model). The association with WHR was replicated in the MDC-CC (P=0.002), but not those with other anthropometric traits.ConclusionsIn this population-based study, the GHR d3/fl polymorphism was found to be of functional relevance and associated with central adiposity, such that subjects homozygous for the d3-GHR showed an increased abdominal obesity.

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Tan, Terence Yew Chin, Xin Yi Lim, Julie Hsiao Hui Yeo, Shaun Wen Huey Lee, and Nai Ming Lai. "The Health Effects of Chocolate and Cocoa: A Systematic Review." Nutrients 13, no. 9 (August 24, 2021): 2909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13092909.

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Chocolate has a history of human consumption tracing back to 400 AD and is rich in polyphenols such as catechins, anthocyanidins, and pro anthocyanidins. As chocolate and cocoa product consumption, along with interest in them as functional foods, increases worldwide, there is a need to systematically and critically appraise the available clinical evidence on their health effects. A systematic search was conducted on electronic databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) using a search strategy and keywords. Among the many health effects assessed on several outcomes (including skin, cardiovascular, anthropometric, cognitive, and quality of life), we found that compared to controls, chocolate or cocoa product consumption significantly improved lipid profiles (triglycerides), while the effects of chocolate on all other outcome parameters were not significantly different. In conclusion, low-to-moderate-quality evidence with short duration of research (majority 4–6 weeks) showed no significant difference between the effects of chocolate and control groups on parameters related to skin, blood pressure, lipid profile, cognitive function, anthropometry, blood glucose, and quality of life regardless of form, dose, and duration among healthy individuals. It was generally well accepted by study subjects, with gastrointestinal disturbances and unpalatability being the most reported concerns.

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Micklewright, John, and Suraiya Ismail. "What Can Child Anthropometry Reveal About Living Standards and Public Policy? An Illustration from Central Asia." Review of Income and Wealth 47, no. 1 (March 2001): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-4991.00004.

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Minetto, Marco Alessandro, Angelo Pietrobelli, Chiara Busso, Jonathan P. Bennett, Andrea Ferraris, John A. Shepherd, and Steven B. Heymsfield. "Digital Anthropometry for Body Circumference Measurements: European Phenotypic Variations throughout the Decades." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 6 (May 30, 2022): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12060906.

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This review summarizes body circumference-based anthropometrics that are in common use for research and in some cases clinical application. These include waist and hip circumference-based central body indices to predict cardiometabolic risk: waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-thigh ratio, body adiposity index, a body shape index (ABSI), hip index (HI), and body roundness index (BRI). Limb circumference measurements are most often used to assess sarcopenia and include: thigh circumference, calf circumference, and mid-arm circumference. Additionally, this review presents fascinating recent developments in optic-based imaging technologies that have elucidated changes over the last decades in average body size and shape in European populations. The classical apple and pear shape concepts of body shape difference remain useful, but novel and exciting 3-D optical “e-taper” measurements provide a potentially powerful new future vista in anthropometrics.

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Aneesh, Mitravinda, and Padmini S. Ghugre. "Anthropometry, body fat and central adiposity in LBW and NBW Indian children aged 3.5 to 4 years." Early Human Development 139 (December 2019): 104885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104885.

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Woudberg, Nicholas J., Sandrine Lecour, and Julia H. Goedecke. "HDL Subclass Distribution Shifts with Increasing Central Adiposity." Journal of Obesity 2019 (February 3, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2107178.

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Although cross-sectional studies have shown that obesity is associated with lower concentrations of large high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses, it is unknown if changes in HDL subclasses are related to changes in body fat and its distribution over time. We therefore assessed changes in HDL subclass distribution over a 5.5-year free-living follow-up period in 24 black South African women. At baseline and follow-up, body composition and body fat distribution were measured using anthropometry, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and computerized tomography. HDL subclass distribution was quantified using Lipoprint®. Over the 5.5-year follow-up period, body fat (+17.3 ± 4.5 kg,p<0.05) and trunk fat mass (+7.4 ± 1.9%, % fat mass, FM,p<0.05) increased, while leg fat mass (−2.53 ± 0.56%, % FM,p<0.001) and the distribution of large (−6.43 ± 2.12%,p<0.05) HDL subclasses decreased. A percentage decrease in large HDL subclasses was associated with a percentage increase in central fat mass (visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area,p<0.05) and a percentage decrease in peripheral fat mass (leg fat mass). These preliminary findings suggest that a relative redistribution of body fat from the periphery to the abdominal region were associated with a decrease HDL subclass size in black South African women and provide a novel link between body fat distribution and lipidology in this population.

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Sernizon Guimarães, Nathalia, Maria Arlene Fausto, Adriana Maria Kakehasi, Anderson Marliere Navarro, and Unaí Tupinambás. "Can anthropometry measure the body fat of people living with HIV/AIDS?: A systematic review." Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética 21, no. 2 (July 24, 2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.21.2.252.

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Introducción: La evaluación de la cantidad y distribución de la grasa corporal en personas que viven con el VIH/SIDA es de gran importancia en la práctica clínica, debido a la asociación de los cambios de grasa corporal con condiciones clínicas. El objetivo de esta revisión es responder a la pregunta central: ¿Puede la antropometría medir con precisión la grasa corporal en las personas que viven con el VIH/SIDA?Material y Métodos: Revisión sistemática llevada a cabo por medio de cuatro bases de datos: Medline, LILACS, Scopus y BDTD.Resultados: De los 581 estudios encontrados, 11 cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. Para evaluar la validación de la antropometría, sólo dos estudios emplearon análisis de regresión para el desarrollo de las ecuaciones de predicción de grasa corporal en las personas que viven con el VIH/SIDA y nueve estudios emplearon análisis de correlación. Este coeficiente sólo mide la fuerza de la relación entre dos variables, y no hay concordancia entre ellos y, por lo tanto, estos estudios no evaluaron con precisión si la información antropométrica mostró buena concordancia con el estándar de oro. Los otros dos estudios desarrollaron cinco ecuaciones para evaluar la grasa total y en las extremidades (brazos, piernas y tronco) en personas que viven con el VIH/SIDA y usan antirretrovirales y mostraron R2 entre 0,50 y 0,83.Conclusiones: Más investigación debe llevarse a cabo para responder a la pregunta central de esta revisión, dado el pequeño número de artículos en que se aplicó la prueba estadística correcta y la ausencia de investigaciones sobre personas que viven con el VIH/SIDA que no usan antirretrovirales.

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Rożek-Piechura, Krystyna, Zofia Ignasiak, Monika Kurzaj, Teresa Sławinska, Anna Skrzek, Sławomir Kozieł, and Robert M. Malina. "Silesians in Texas and Upper Silesia: anthropometric, functional and physical activity characteristics." Anthropological Review 83, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2020-0018.

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AbstractAnthropometric, functional and physical activity characteristics of contemporary adult descendants of Upper Silesian immigrants to Texas in the mid-19th century and current residents in Upper Silesia were compared. The sample included 45 residents in Central Texas, 25 women and 20 men, and 36 residents in rural Upper Silesia, 24 women and 12 men, 54-76 years of age. Variables included selected demographic characteristics, anthropometry, estimated body composition, several physiological indicators, strength and functional fitness, and physical activity. Sex-specific MANCOVA and Chi square were used for comparisons. Descendants of Silesian immigrants to Texas were taller, on average, while differences in other anthropometric variables were variable. All residents in Silesia and the majority of descendants of Silesian migrants to Texas were overweight or obese. Differences in hemodynamic and respiratory functions and responses to a 6-minute walk were inconsistent, while none of the fitness variables differed significantly between the samples. Although residents in Upper Silesia were significantly more physically active descendants of Silesians in Texas, >80% of the men and women in both samples scored below the criterion-reference standard for the maintenance of physical independence in the 6-minute walk.

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Bagyura, Zsolt, Loretta Kiss, Eszter Édes, Árpád Lux, Lívia Polgár, Pál Soós, Orsolya Szenczi, et al. "Cardiovascular screening programme in the Central Hungarian region. The Budakalász Study." Orvosi Hetilap 155, no. 34 (August 2014): 1344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2014.29969.

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Introduction: The reduction in mortality due to prevention programmes observed in some European countries is not currently reached in Hungary. Effective prevention is based on the screening of risk factors and health state of the population. Aim: The goal of this study was to develop a longitudinal, population-based screening programme in the Central Hungarian region in order to collect information on the health state and cardiovascular risk profile of the citizens and discover new potential cardiovascular risk factors. Method: The Budakalász Study is a self-voluntary programme involving the adult population (>20 yrs, approx. 8000 persons), and it consists of questionnaires, non-invasive tests (anthropometry, cardiac echo, carotid duplex scan, blood pressure measurement, ankle-brachial index), venous blood sample collection and laboratory tests. Results: Until January, 2014, 2420 persons (30% of the population, male: 41.2%, average age 54.8 years) participated in the programme. Cardiovascular morbidity was higher in contrast to a former national survey. The number of risk factors and, therefore, 10-year cardiovascular risk were also elevated in this population. Conclusions: These findings underline the importance of screening programmes and effective therapies. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(34), 1344–1352.

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Hasan, Nurzakiah, Veni Hadju, Nurhaedar Jafar, and Ridwan Mochtar Thaha. "Cortisol Level Related Glucose Intolerance in Adult with Obese Central." Journal of Health Science and Prevention 3, no. 3S (January 16, 2020): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29080/jhsp.v3i3s.299.

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Obesity is associated with an increased risk of diseases, especially central obesity. Central obesity is a risk factor of glucose intolerance. Glucose intolerance is the beginning of diabetes mellitus. Many factors influence glucose intolerance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cortisol levels and some other factors related glucose intolerance. This study was a cross-sectional study from 12 high schools in Makassar. The analysis for this study was performed with 54 teachers. Characteristic samples, anthropometry, fasting blood glucose (FBG), cortisol were measured for all samples. Blood plasma glucose was measured from venous blood samples. Respondents were mostly female (85.2%), married (87%), bachelorâ€™s degree (79,6%) and Buginesse (66.7%). The average age of respondents was 49.37 years. The results showed a significant relationship formula: between high cortisol levels in respondents who experienced glucose intolerance (p=0.043). Stress variables did not show a significant relationship, but the average score was higher in those who experienced glucose intolerance than those who had normal glucose. The frequency of consumption of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and Body mass index (BMI) did not show a significant relationship with glucose intolerance. Cortisol levels are associated with glucose intolerance in adults with central obesity.

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Bhatt, Surya Prakash, Anoop Misra, Ravindra Mohan Pandey, and Ashish Datt Upadhyay. "Shortening of leucocyte telomere length is independently correlated with high body mass index and subcutaneous obesity (predominantly truncal), in Asian Indian women with abnormal fasting glycemia." BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 10, no. 4 (July 2022): e002706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002706.

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IntroductionLeucocyte telomere length (LTL) is linked to accelerate aging and premature mortality. In this research, we aimed to explore the relations between biochemical and anthropometry markers and LTL in Asian Indian women with abnormal fasting glycemia (impaired fasting glucose).Research design and methodsIn this study, 797 pre-diabetic women (obese, 492; non-obese, 305) were recruited. Demographic and clinical profiles, anthropometry, and fasting blood glucose were evaluated. LTL was quantified by a quantitative PCR. LTL was expressed as the relative telomere length or telomere repeat:single copy gene (T:S) ratio. The subjects were separated into quartiles according to the LTL.ResultsThe average LTL was significantly decreased with increasing age. The average LTL was significantly shorter in obese women with abnormal fasting glycemia (p<0.05). R-squared (R2) statistic for multivariable linear model after adjusted for age, family income, education and hypertension showed that LTL was inversely correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference, waist-hip and waist-to-height ratio, truncal skinfolds (subscapular, and subscapular/triceps ratio, central and total skinfolds), fat mass (kg) and % body fat. The relationship between obesity measures and LTL (using the LTL quartile 1 as reference) identified central skinfolds (R2=0.92, p<0.0001), Σ4SF (R2=0.90, p<0.0001), BMI (R2=0.93, p<0.0001) and % body fat (R2=0.91, p<0.0001) as independent predictors of LTL.ConclusionsBesides age, obesity and subcutaneous adiposity (predominantly truncal) are major contributors to telomere shortening in Asian Indian women with abnormal fasting glycemia (impaired fasting glucose).

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Hesketh, Kathryn R., Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon, and Esther M. F. van Sluijs. "How does the UK childcare energy-balance environment influence anthropometry of children aged 3–4 years? A cross-sectional exploration." BMJ Open 8, no. 7 (July 2018): e021520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021520.

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ObjectivesTo assess the association between time spent in care, the childcare energy-balance environment, and preschool-aged children’s body mass index z-score (z-BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHR) and sum of skinfold thickness (SST).DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsChildren aged 3–4 years were recruited from 30 childcare centres in Cambridgeshire (UK) in 2013.Main outcome measuresObjectively measured height and weight was used to calculate z-BMI; waist circumference and height were used to generate WHR; subscapular and tricep skinfolds were used to calculate SST. Associations between childcare attendance, the nutrition, physical activity, and overall childcare environment, and three anthropometric outcomes were explored using two-level hierarchical regression models, adjusting for demographic and family based confounders.ResultsValid data were available for 196 children (49% female). Time spent in care, the nutrition, physical activity and overall childcare environment were not associated with children’s z-BMI, WHR and SST.ConclusionsChildcare environment and level of attendance were not associated with UK preschool-aged children’s anthropometry. The childcare environment has been central to intervention efforts to prevent/reduce early childhood obesity, yet other factors, including child-level, family level, wider environmental and policy-level factors warrant substantial attention when considering obesity prevention strategies for young children.

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Saarelainen, J., T. Rikkonen, R. Honkanen, H. Kröger, M. Tuppurainen, L. Niskanen, and J. S. Jurvelin. "Is Discordance in Bone Measurements Affected by Body Composition or Anthropometry? A Comparative Study Between Peripheral and Central Devices." Journal of Clinical Densitometry 10, no. 3 (July 2007): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2007.03.003.

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Wicaksono, Nugroho Budi, Rinta Kridalukmana, and Ike Pertiwi Windasari. "Sistem Informasi Antropometri Terintegrasi Dengan Sistem Tertanam Sebagai Pengukur Berat Dan Tinggi Balita." Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2016): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.4.1.2016.187-201.

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Indonesian children’s growth are monitored monthly and can be seen by the KMS graphic and posyandu cadre’s book. The data from posyandu activity will be evaluated by the government health department. In practice, there are many obstacles to make posyandu works ideally. First, the cadres of posyandu have a difficulty to use the conventional anthropometric equipment, so the measurement data may not be valid and precise. Second, noting the KMS graphic needs an accuracy. Third, the measurement result in posyandu is not rapidly integrated to the central health data. A technology innovation of automatization anthropometry measurement called OTOTIM designed for infants that supported by an integrated information system is needed to solve those problems. OTOTIM designed to make anthropometric measurement for infants more fast, valid, and accurate. The measurement result will be stored in the database and transferred to an image that describe the nutrition status in the KMS. Microcontroller will process the data from load sensor that measure baby’s weight and ping sensor that measure baby’s height. Then those raw data will be sent to main component of OTOTIM, which is the software itself to gain informative result of measurement, that consist of right suggestion on what kind of treatment used to take care various nutrition condition of infant and comparison against the previous measurement. OTOTIM will also generate statistics which group the infant by nutritional condition for each month. Those statistics will also include information on how percentage of male and female babies which have certain nutritional condition. However those statistic will provide information which is relevant only for specific district as OTOTIM used in regional manner. In order to create statistic which is relevant to consumed by public, those measurement data must be processed in central server which can calculate whole data and grouped them by nutritional condition. OTOTIM introduces the central server that bring synchronization service between OTOTIM software which is installed locally on client PC and the server itself. OTOTIM software have to establish a connection to server to publish subdistrict-specific statistic, however this connection is not mandatory to run primary function. So if client have trouble to connect, this will not interrupt the primary function as OTOTIM supposed to run in less-signal environment.

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Chatterjee, Diptendu, Sudeshna Chanda, and Arup Ratan Bandyopadhyay. "A Comparative Study on Anthropometry and Central Body Fat Distribution of Pre-menarcheal and Post-menarcheal Santal Girls of Jharkhand." Studies of Tribes and Tribals 3, no. 2 (December 2005): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0972639x.2005.11886530.

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Ramawat, Dr Pramila, and Dr Nilesh Jain. "Clinico-epidemiological profile of congenital heart disease in a tertiary care center – a retrospective descriptive study." Pediatric Review: International Journal of Pediatric Research 7, no. 7 (October 30, 2020): 326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17511/ijpr.2020.i07.02.

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Aims and objective: To study the clinical-epidemiological profile of congenital heart disease inhospitalized children. Material and methods: A retrospective study was planned in a tertiary carecenter in Central India. Children between ages 1 month to 14 years with CHD were included in thisstudy. Type of CHD, clinical presentation, anthropometry, demographic profile, and the outcome wasrecorded. Result: A total of 65 patients were included in the study. 43 patients were suffering fromacyanotic CHD and 22 were having cyanotic CHD. Most of the children admitted were below 1 yearof age (n-67%). Males (42) were more reported in the present study than females (23).Conclusion: CHDs are one of the commonest birth defects, timely diagnosis and intervention arevery important to decrease mortality and morbidity in pediatric patients.

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Bohari, Bohari, Miranda Nabila, Agnes Irma Yuliarta Sijabat, Andini Farendhiya, Ridha Durati Tsany, Uci Amelinda Akta W, Rahmah Nur Hidayah, Putri Setyaningsih, Mutia Tri Anggini, and Yuniar Wulan Y. P. "Physical Activity, Eating Habits, Nutrition Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Central Obesity in Adolescents." Journal of Health and Nutrition Research 1, no. 1 (May 20, 2022): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.56303/jhnr.v1i1.4.

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Central obesity can occur in everyone from various age groups. One of the age groups that are prone to central obesity is adolescents. This study aims to determine the description of physical activity, diet, nutritional knowledge and nutritional status of adolescent central obesity. This type of research uses a quantitative descriptive method. The data collection time was carried out for 9 days starting on November 21, 2021 until November 29, 2021. The data was collected through interviews with research respondents and then the data was inputted into the KoBoToolbox application. The variables measured in this study were divided into several categories including characteristics, anthropometry, physical activity habits, eating habits, and respondents' knowledge. The results of the study are that there are 43.75% of adolescents who have central obesity, the physical activity of the respondents is included in the category of very rarely exercising by 46.88%, the frequency of consumption of junk food and fast food in a week is in the category of sometimes (2-3x/week). of 43.75%, the level of knowledge about obesity is included in the sufficient category, namely 60.94%. The conclusion is that adolescents have sufficient knowledge about obesity, but physical activity is still lacking and the habit of consuming risky foods such as junk food and fast food is high, and fiber consumption including less in a week

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Vogrin, Bernarda, Marjan Slak Rupnik, and Dušanka Mičetić-Turk. "Increased augmentation index and central systolic arterial pressure are associated with lower school and motor performance in young adolescents." Journal of International Medical Research 45, no. 6 (January 12, 2017): 1892–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060516678717.

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Objective In adults, improper arterial function has been linked to cognitive impairment. The pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx) and other vascular parameters are useful indicators of arterial health. In our study, we monitored arterial properties, body constitution, school success, and motor skills in young adolescents. We hypothesize that reduced cognitive and motor abilities have a vascular origin in children. Methods We analysed 81 healthy school children aged 11–16 years. Anthropometry central systolic arterial pressure, body mass index (BMI), standard deviation scores (SDS) BMI, general school performance grade, and eight motor tests were assessed. PWV, AIx, and central systolic arterial pressure (SBPao) were measured. Results AIx and SBPao correlated negatively with school performance grades. Extremely high AIx, PWV and SBPao values were observed in 5% of children and these children had average to low school performance. PWV correlated significantly with weight, height, and waist and hip circumference. AIx, PWV, school success, and BMI correlated strongly with certain motor functions. Conclusions Increased AIx and SBPao are associated with lower school and motor performance in children. PWV is influenced by the body’s constitution.

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Tsvetkova, E. E., A. A. Kuznetsov, D. V. Denisova, Yu I. Ragino, and M. I. Voevoda. "Comparison of the association of brachial arterial pressure and parameters of central aortic pressure with left ventricular hypertrophy in the general population of Novosibirsk." Russian Journal of Cardiology, no. 1 (February 9, 2019): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2019-1-18-22.

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Aim.There is evidence that central aortic blood pressure (BP) is more associated with left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy than brachial BP. The purpose of this work is to compare the association of brachial and central aortic BP with electrocardiographic parameters of left ventricular hypertrophy in the general population of Novosibirsk.Material and methods. We examined 327 people: 155 men and 172 women aged 25-44 years from a representative sample from the general population of Novosibirsk. The study program included anthropometry, BP measurement, electrocardiography, biochemical blood analysis. Radial artery applanation tonometry and pulse wave analysis were performed using the SphygmoCor system. Left ventricular hypertrophy was determined by electrocardiographic parameters.Results.In the general population of Novosibirsk, central aortic BP is more associated with left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy than brachial BP. Central pulse pressure, in contrast to brachial BP, is significantly associated with the R+S index (p=0,0085), as well as RI (p=0,0038) and RaVL (p=0,0039) wave amplitude. Central systolic aortic BP, in contrast to brachial systolic BP, is significantly associated with RI (p=0,042) and RaVL (p=0,029) wave amplitudes. Amplification parameters of central aortic BP, regardless of brachial BP, are associated with indices of left ventricular hypertrophy. Pulse pressure amplification in groups with or without left ventricular hypertrophy, standardized for age, gender, height, waist circumference, heart rate, triglyceride levels, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood glucose, and brachial pulse pressure, was 13,3 mm Hg and 12,5 mm Hg, respectively (p=0,035).Conclusion.The results of this study substantiate the relevance of the practical use of central aortic BP parameters in addition to the office measurement of brachial BP.

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Jagtap, Atul Ajay, and Jyotsna Deshmukh. "Comparative study of morbidities in sawmills workers from central India: a cross sectional study." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 7 (June 22, 2018): 2846. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182611.

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Background: The main problem encountered in the sawmill environment is the respirable dust (<10 μm) which may be a cause of respiratory diseases. Further the sawmill workers are also exposed to other health hazards such as injuries from handling wood logs, high noise exposure etc. There are few studies who have studied respiratory health of sawmill workers in India but there is paucity of studies on sawmill workers and their health problems in India. So the study has been undertaken to find out the chief morbidities among sawmill workers by comparing them in control group.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among sawmill workers in Nagpur city in central India from September 2013 to December 2015. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics collected using predesigned proforma by interview technique. Thorough general, systemic examination and anthropometry was done to assess health status.Results: Majority of the study subjects were males and belonged to younger age group (28-37 years). Most common morbidity among sawmill workers was musculoskeletal disorder (Table 4) and it was significantly more than comparison group (p<0.05). Some of the other significantly common morbidities among sawmill workers (p<0.05) were conjunctivitis, rhinitis, injuries, hearing impairment, ARI’s, bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, contact dermatitis, abdominal hernia, varicose veins and pulmonary tuberculosis.Conclusions: Musculoskeletal disorders were the commonest morbidity among sawmill workers. Respiratory morbidities and other allergic effects of wood dust were other common morbidities among sawmill workers.

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Vashura, A. Yu, A. A. Ryabova, S. S. Lukina, A. F. Karelin, and V. N. Kasatkin. "THE INFLUENCE OF NUTRITIONAL CHANGES ON THE MOTOR SKILLS IN CHILDREN WITH TUMORS OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA IN REMISSION." Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation 1, no. 3 (September 15, 2019): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36425/2658-6843-2019-3-18-26.

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The paper presents the results of the analysis of associations between motor skills (MS) and nutritional status (NS) in 102 children who have received treatment of CNS tumors (n=53) and ALL (n=49). Median of remission interval was 2 years (from 3 month to 10 years). MS was evaluated by Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency. NS was assessed using anthropometry and bioimpedance analysis. As a result, it was found that children after cancer treatment have motor and nutritional deficiencies. Low values of NS indicators (lean body mass, cell mass, mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC)) are associated with a decrease in MS parameters. There was no dependence between the value, dynamics of body fat mass and MS. In those children who had a positive dynamics (+3%) of the phase angle and MAMC for 3 weeks of the observation changes in MS were also significantly positive - in contrast to the overall sample, where any reliable dynamics of MS parameters was not revealed.

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Kumarasiri, Pallegoda Vithanage Ranhith, Senanayake Abesinghe Mudiyanselage Kularatne, Rohini Tennakoon, Nirmali Gunawardana, Usha Perera, and Srinath Illeperuma. "Among the risk factors of myocardial infarction, anthropometry has no association: A case control study in the central region of Sri Lanka." World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 03, no. 04 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/wjcd.2013.34a001.

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Belahsen, Rekia, Mohamed Mziwira, and Fatima Fertat. "Anthropometry of women of childbearing age in Morocco: body composition and prevalence of overweight and obesity." Public Health Nutrition 7, no. 4 (June 2004): 523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2003570.

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AbstractObjective:To determine the prevalence of obesity and body fat distribution of Moroccan women of childbearing age, using a panel of anthropometric measurements.Design and setting:A cross-sectional survey conducted in 1995 in an agricultural community, El Jadida province of Morocco. Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences and triceps, biceps, subscapular and supra-iliac skinfold thicknesses were measured. Body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WHR), sum of all and sum of trunk skinfold thicknesses were determined.Subjects:In total, 1269 women aged 15–49 years from urban and rural areas were surveyed.Results:The means of all anthropometric measurements including body fat were higher in urban than in rural women and increased with age. Trunk fat contributed 50% of total fat. Globally, 4.7% of women were underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg m−2), 35.2% were overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg m−2), 10.1% were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg m−2) and 16.8% had central obesity (WHR > 0.85). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in the urban than in the rural area. Underweight prevalence decreased with age, whereas that of overweight and obesity increased. All anthropometric parameters adjusted for age increased with the increase of BMI and WHR.Conclusions:Although undernutrition is still prevalent, there is an alarming prevalence of overweight and obesity in Moroccan women of childbearing age. The results indicate a shift in this country from the problem of dietary deficiency to the problem of dietary excess, and alert one to the necessity of establishing an intervention to prevent obesity-related diseases. It is necessary to address which of the anthropometric variables studied here is the best predictor of obesity-related diseases in this population.

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Mafaza, Rifka Laily, Bambang Wirjatmadi, and Merryana Adriani. "ANALISIS HUBUNGAN ANTARA LINGKAR PERUT, ASUPAN LEMAK, DAN RASIO ASUPAN KALSIUM MAGNESIUM DENGAN HIPERTENSI." Media Gizi Indonesia 11, no. 2 (January 25, 2018): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mgi.v11i2.127-134.

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In the epidemiological transition, death due to degenerative disease is higher than infectious disease. One of degenerative disease is hypertension. Some modiﬁ able risk factors of hypertension are obesity and nutrient intake. Many studies showed that o besity, especially central o besity can lead h ypertension. Dietary factors related high fat intake and imbalance calcium magnesium intake ratio also can lead hypertension. The aims of this study was to determine the relationship between waist circumference, fat intake, and calcium magnesium intake ratio with hypertension. The subject in this case control study was selected by simple random sampling in 27 hypertensive patients and 27 non hypertensive patients, then they were measured blood pressure and anthropometry, daily intake recalled, and interviewed. Chi Square test showed that waist circumference (p=0.000) and fat intake (p=0.024) had a signiﬁ cant relationship with h ypertension, while the calcium magnesium intake ratio (p=0.573) had no signiﬁ cant relationship with hypertension. The logistic regression showed that waist circumference had the most signiﬁ cant relationship with h ypertension (p=0.012; OR=9.508). In this study, there was a relationship between waist circumference (central o besity) and fat intake above recommended daily intake with h ypertension, while calcium magnesium intake ratio had no signiﬁ cant relationship with h ypertension. People with central o besity had a 9.508 risk to be hypertensive person than people with normal waist circumference.

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Haas, Jere D., and Juan Rivera-Dommarco. "The Effects of Improved Nutrition in Early Childhood on Adolescent and Early Adulthood Body Size, Composition, Maturity, and Function: Results From the First INCAP Follow-Up Study." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 41, no. 1_suppl (June 2020): S23—S30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572120906638.

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The first follow-up study of the original Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama Longitudinal Study was conducted in 1988 to 1989 when participants were between the ages of 11 and 27 years. The longer term effects of the original supplementation in early life of either high protein and energy, Atole, or no protein and low energy, Fresco, were seen in anthropometry, skeletal maturation, physical work capacity, and intellectual development, with maximum benefit seen in those participants who had maximum exposure to the supplementation during prenatal and early postnatal years. No effects were observed in bone mineralization and menarche. The long-term positive effects are consistent with the promotion of improved nutrition during the first 1000 days and established the foundation for further follow-up studies as the participants move into adulthood and further develop their human capital.

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Shim, Young Suk, Kyung In Lim, Hae Sang Lee, and Jin Soon Hwang. "Long-term outcomes after gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment in boys with central precocious puberty." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 10, 2020): e0243212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243212.

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Objective Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment improves the potential for gaining height in patients with central precocious puberty (CPP). However, most studies have focused on girls because CPP in boys is relatively rare. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of GnRHa treatment on auxological outcomes in boys with CPP. Methods Eighty-five boys with CPP were treated with leuprolide or triptorelin acetate 3.75 mg over 2 years. Anthropometry, bone age, sexual maturity rating, and predicted adult height (PAH) were assessed every 6 months. Furthermore, 20 boys were followed up after treatment discontinuation until achievement of the final adult height (FAH). Results The mean chronological age (CA) and bone age (BA) of the patients with CPP at treatment initiation were 9.5 ± 0.5 years and 11.7 ± 0.9 years, respectively. The mean duration of treatment was 2.87 ± 0.63 years. The PAH at treatment initiation was 172.1 cm (-0.23 ± 1.05 PAH standard deviation score). The PAH at treatment discontinuation (176.2 ± 6.6 cm) was significantly higher than the pretreatment PAH. In addition, the mean final adult height in the 20 boys who were followed up after discontinuation of treatment was 173.4 ± 5.8 cm, which was significantly higher than the initial PAH (170.1 ± 4.5 cm; p = 0.006). In multivariate analysis, the height gain (the difference between the FAH and PAH at treatment initiation) significantly correlated with the target height. Conclusion Long-term GnRHa treatment significantly improved the growth potential and FAH in boys with CPP.

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Vásquez-Gómez, Jaime, Nelson Gatica Salas, Pedro Jiménez Villarroel, Luis Rojas-Araya, Cesar Faundez-Casanova, and Marcelo Castillo-Retamal. "Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Reference on the Six-Minute Walk Test and Oxygen Consumption in Adolescents from South-Central Chile." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 2474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052474.

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Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) provides oxygen to the exercising muscles and is related to body adiposity, with cardiometabolic variables. The aim was to develop reference values and a predictive model of CRF in Chilean adolescents. A total of 741 adolescents of both genders (15.7 years old) participated in a basic anthropometry, performance in the six-minute walk test (SMWT), and in Course Navette was measured. Percentiles were determined for the SMWT, for the V̇O2max, and an equation was developed to estimate it. The validity of the equation was checked using distribution assumptions and the Bland–Altman diagram. The STATA v.14 program was used (p < 0.05). The 50th percentile values for males and females in the SMWT and in the V̇O2max of Course Navette were, respectively, from 607 to 690 and from 630 to 641 m, and from 43.9 to 45 and from 37.5 to 31.5 mlO2·kg·min−1, for the range of 13 to 17 years. For its part, the model to predict V̇O2max incorporated gender, heart rate, height, waist-to-height ratio (WHR), and distance in the SMWT (R2 = 0.62; estimation error = 0.38 LO2·min−1; p <0.001). Reference values can guide physical fitness in Chilean adolescents, and V̇O2max was possible to predict from morphofunctional variables.

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Pusparini, Pusparini, Lie Tanu Merijanti, Alvina Lesmana, and Meiyanti Meiyanti. "Decreased adiponectin level in adults with central obesity and low 25-hydroxy vitamin D level." Universa Medicina 36, no. 3 (November 16, 2017): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.18051/univmed.2017.v36.205-213.

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Background Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with obesity and central obesity, which is in turn associated with the accumulation of visceral fat. Visceral fat secretes adiponectin which has a role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and cerebrovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] level and adiponectin level in adults with central obesity. Methods This study was a cross sectional study with 80 subjects with central obesity and 80 healthy subjects as controls. The age of the subjects ranged from 55 to 65 years. The data collection included anthropometry and blood biochemistry (lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, 25(OH)D, and adiponectin). The data were analyzed using independent t test with p <0.05. Results Mean waist circumference and 25(OH)D level in the central obesity group were 94.9 ± 7.8 cm and 14.3 ± 6.6 ng/mL, respectively, and in the control group 72.4 ± 5.0 cm and 19.2 ± 8.6 ng/mL respectively. There were significant differences in adiponectin level between the central obesity group and the control group at the 25(OH)D level of <20 ng/mL (p=0.001), but no significant differences between the two groups at the 25(OH)D level of ³20 ng/mL (p=0.538). Conclusion The central obesity subgroup with 25(OH)D level of <20 ng/mL have lower adiponectin levels compared with the control group. This study demonstrates the role of adiponectin as a link between insulin resistance and vitamin D status in adults.

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Verawati, Verawati, and Lukman Halim. "Anthropometry Showed Better Correlation in Insulin Sensitivity Compared to 25(OH)D Levels in Indonesian Elderly." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa040_083.

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Abstract Objectives In Indonesia, diabetes mellitus prevalence escalated from 1,6% in 2013 to 2% in 2018 with the highest age group between 55–64 years old followed by 65–74 years old. Various theories have been postulated in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Low vitamin D, high body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF), waist circumference (WC), low skeletal mass (SM) and recently high waist-hip ratio (WHtR) gain attention and widely been researched. The differences in body composition between Caucasian and Asian people specially in elderly might give new perception in understanding the mechanism of diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between 25(OH)D levels and anthropometry measurements with insulin sensitivity in Indonesian elderly. Methods A cross sectional design was conducted involving 77 elderly (>60 years old) both men and women live in Pusat Santunan Dalam Keluarga (PUSAKA) in Central Jakarta. Anthropometry measurent included the measurement of complete BMI, BF, WC, WHtR. Laboratory assessment include 25(OH)D, fasting glucose plasma, fasting insulin, Homa-B, Homa-IR, HbA1C, and QUICKI. Pearson and Spearman's correlation test was used to assess the associations of age, sex, BMI, BF, SM, WC, WHtR, 25(OH)D, fasting glucose plasma, fasting insulin, Homa-B, Homa-IR, HbA1C with insulin sensitivity. Results: Most of subjects were women (81.8%) and the Spearman's correlation test showed strong negative correlation with insulin sensitivity in fasting insulin (r = −0.939; P < 0.01), HOMA-IR (r = −0.999; P < 0.01) and mild negative correlation with fasting glucose (r = −0.502; P < 0.01), HOMA-B (r = −0.474; P < 0.01), HbA1C (r = −0.291; P = 0.01), BMI (r = −0.409; P < 0.01) and WHtR (r = −0.278; P < 0.01). Based on Pearson's correlation tes, there was a mild negative correlation between WC (r = −0.373, P < 0.01) and SM (r = −0.415, P < 0.01) and insulin sensitivity. Contrary 25 (OH)D, age and BF showed no significant correlation (r = 0.170; P = 0.140), (r = 0.154; P = 0.181) and (r = 0.574, P = 0.56). Conclusions The anthropometry assessment except BF showed significant mild correlation with insulin sensitivity, while age and 25(OH)D did not significant correlation and should be explore more specially in elderly. Funding Sources Trisakti University.

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Pradono, Julianty, Nunik Kusumawardani, and Delima Delima. "Central obesity increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among urban adults." Universa Medicina 34, no. 3 (April 27, 2016): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.18051/univmed.2015.v34.187-196.

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Background In Indonesia the number of persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was 8.5 million in 2013, and is estimated to be 11.8 million in 2030. The aim of this study was to determine the major risk factors associated with T2DM prevalence in urban aged >15 years. Methods An observational study with cross-sectional design was used with the data from Riskesdas 2007 and 2013 on population aged >15 years. Total respondents were 294,352 (2007) and 368,281 (2013). Data were collected by trained personnel through interviews, blood pressure and anthropometry measurements, and blood glucose and lipid tests. Odds ratio (OR) was used to test the relationship between T2DM and a number of other variables. Multiple logistic regression analysis was obtained to determine the main risk factor associated with T2DM prevalence. Results Type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence increased from 2.3% (2007) to 2.5% (2013). T2DM tended to be increased in the younger age groups. Low education, middle-to-high economic status, less physical activity, smoking >200 cigarettes, and high risk blood lipid levels were strongly associated with T2DM prevalence. The main risk factors were inadequate physical activity (2007: OR 1.9;95% CI:1.16–2.98 and 2013: OR 2.44;95% CI: 1.57-3.78) and central obesity (2007: OR 1.8;95% CI:0.99–3.10, and 2013:OR 3.84; 95% CI: 2.49-5.93) after controlling for age, gender, employment and economic status. Conclusions Type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence in the population aged >15 years increased within 5 years. Lack of physical activity and central obesity were the major risk factors of T2DM prevalence in urban adults.

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Elkan, Ann-Charlotte, Inga-Lill Engvall, Tommy Cederholm, and Ingiäld Hafström. "Rheumatoid cachexia, central obesity and malnutrition in patients with low-active rheumatoid arthritis: feasibility of anthropometry, Mini Nutritional Assessment and body composition techniques." European Journal of Nutrition 48, no. 5 (March 31, 2009): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-009-0017-y.

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Rangel Peniche, Diana Beatriz, Heliodoro Alemán Mateo, Ma de los Angeles Aguilera Barreiro, Roxana E. Ruiz Valenzuela, Maribel Ramírez-Torres, and Rene Urquidez-Romero. "Differences in Body Composition in Older People from Two Regions of Mexico: Implications for Diagnoses of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity." BioMed Research International 2018 (July 9, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7538625.

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Background. Mexico is a country that is rich in ethnicity and cultural diversity, divided into three well-defined socioeconomic, ecological, and epidemiological areas. However, we do not know the influence that these factors may have on body composition. Therefore, this study was designed to assess body composition and compare appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in older people from two areas of the country. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study that included 430 subjects ≥60 years of age from northwestern and central Mexico. Body composition, including ASM, was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, while anthropometry, handgrip strength, demographic variables, health status/chronic conditions, and energy expenditure data were all included. Results. Men and women from the northwestern region had 5.9 kg and 3.8 kg more body fat, respectively, and 3.9 kg more as a group than their counterparts from central Mexico (p ≤ 0.0001). While there were no significant differences across gender or region in terms of ASM, the older subjects from central Mexico had a significantly higher ASM index (ASMI) than the sample from the northwest. When ASM was adjusted for age, body weight, height, health status/chronic conditions, estimated energy expenditure, and demographic variables, the subjects from central Mexico had significantly higher adjusted mean values of ASM and ASMI than their counterparts from the northwest. Conclusion. Older people from two regions of Mexico had significantly different estimates of body composition. Our findings highlight the importance of regionalizing estimates of ASM and ASMI if they are to be used for diagnostic purposes. It is also important to emphasize that appendicular skeletal muscle mass, or the ASM index, should be adjusted for other associated biological variables.

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Gaivoronsky, Ivan V., Aleksey A. Semenov, Oksana M. Fandeeva, and Vladimir V. Krishtop. "THE ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS OF YOUNG MALE-APPLICANTS OF A MILITARY EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION." Morphological newsletter 30, no. 4 (November 7, 2022): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20340/mv-mn.2022.30(4).749.

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Military personnel are trained in conditions of intense physical activity. In the works of a number of authors, the presence of various kinds of deviations from normal physical development among students of civilian universities is noted. Persons with malnutrition, obesity of II-III degree are recognized by specialists of military medical commissions at the place of conscription of applicants for military universities as unfit for admission. The purpose of the study: to study the anthropometric parameters, body composition and physical development of male military universities applicants. The study involved 280 young men at the age of 17, permanently residing in the central area of Russia. Anthropometric data of body length, weight, torso length, limbs, torso girth dimensions were analyzed, Quetelet indices (body mass index), Pirquet (body proportionality index), Pigne (body strength index) were determined. With the help of indices and measurements of the component composition of the body, the characteristic of physical development was determined. As a result of the study, a sufficient variability of anthropometric indicators and body composition in the studied male applicants was revealed, which is due to heredity data and the influence of different living conditions before entering a military university. The values of body length, chest circumference, body surface area were greater in urban applicants, body weight prevailed in rural boys. The Quetelet index corresponded to the norm in most of the studied, however, cases of moderate obesity were found in rural applicants. The Pirque index indicated a proportional physique in most applicants. According to the Pignet index, most of the rural and urban boys had a strong physique. The data of the component composition of the body (the level of fat, muscle and bone mass) confirmed the revealed indicators of the physical development of young men. Significant differences in physical development according to anthropometry and body composition data between youth applicants from urban and rural areas were not identified. The data obtained can be used as a regulatory framework for assessing the quality of the general health of those entering military universities and developing recommendations for the selection of cadets.

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Xaxa, S., SK Dadu, PS Thakur, R. Agrawal, and BK Singh. "An autopsy based correlation study about developing standards for estimation of stature from foot anthropometry in female population of central India region (Indore, M.P.)." Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine 40, no. 4 (2018): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-0848.2018.00091.x.

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Xaxa, S., P. S. Thakur, S. K. Dadu, R. Agrawal, and B. K. Singh. "An Autopsy-Based Correlation Study about Developing Standards for Estimation of Stature from Foot Anthropometry in Male Population of Central India Region (Indore, MP)." Indian Internet Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 16, no. 1 (2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-4487.2018.00003.2.

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Hootman, Katie C., Jean-Pierre Trezzi, Lisa Kraemer, Lindsay S. Burwell, Xiangyi Dong, Kristin A. Guertin, Christian Jaeger, Patrick J. Stover, Karsten Hiller, and Patricia A. Cassano. "Erythritol is a pentose-phosphate pathway metabolite and associated with adiposity gain in young adults." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 21 (May 8, 2017): E4233—E4240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1620079114.

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Metabolomic markers associated with incident central adiposity gain were investigated in young adults. In a 9-mo prospective study of university freshmen (n = 264). Blood samples and anthropometry measurements were collected in the first 3 d on campus and at the end of the year. Plasma from individuals was pooled by phenotype [incident central adiposity, stable adiposity, baseline hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) > 5.05%, HbA1c < 4.92%] and assayed using GC-MS, chromatograms were analyzed using MetaboliteDetector software, and normalized metabolite levels were compared using Welch’s t test. Assays were repeated using freshly prepared pools, and statistically significant metabolites were quantified in a targeted GC-MS approach. Isotope tracer studies were performed to determine if the potential marker was an endogenous human metabolite in men and in whole blood. Participants with incident central adiposity gain had statistically significantly higher blood erythritol [P < 0.001, false discovery rate (FDR) = 0.0435], and the targeted assay revealed 15-fold [95% confidence interval (CI): 13.27, 16.25] higher blood erythritol compared with participants with stable adiposity. Participants with baseline HbA1c > 5.05% had 21-fold (95% CI: 19.84, 21.41) higher blood erythritol compared with participants with lower HbA1c (P < 0.001, FDR = 0.00016). Erythritol was shown to be synthesized endogenously from glucose via the pentose-phosphate pathway (PPP) in stable isotope-assisted ex vivo blood incubation experiments and through in vivo conversion of erythritol to erythronate in stable isotope-assisted dried blood spot experiments. Therefore, endogenous production of erythritol from glucose may contribute to the association between erythritol and obesity observed in young adults.

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