Готові списки джерел за темами / Cement-bound mixture

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Cement-bound mixture"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Cement-bound mixture"

Skels, Peteris, Viktors Haritonovs, and Edvards Pavlovskis. "Wood Fly Ash Stabilized Road Base Layers with High Recycled Asphalt Pavement Content." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 16, no. 2 (June 21, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2021-16.520.

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Wood fly ash stabilised road base layers with high recycled asphalt pavements content was studied both at the laboratory and in-situ. The original recipe was chosen based on an actual stabilised pavement base layer design with cement CEM II/B-T 42.5R but optimised using wood fly ash. The existing road base layer from gravel was mixed with dolomite aggregate and recycled asphalt pavement, adding cement and wood fly ash at different proportions. The mixture was compacted at optimal water content according to the Standard Proctor test and further conditioned. Resistance to freezing and thawing of hydraulically bound mixtures was checked after 28 days of conditioning. Even 50 cycles of freezing and thawing were used. Test results indicated wood fly ash as an effective alternative to the typically used cement for road base stabilisation, including recycled asphalt pavement material. Three hydraulically bound mixtures were chosen for test sections in the pilot project. The project includes five different sections with three different hydraulic binder recipes. The performance of each section was evaluated.

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Buczyński, Przemysław, Marek Iwański, Grzegorz Mazurek, Jakub Krasowski, and Maciej Krasowski. "Effects of Portland Cement and Polymer Powder on the Properties of Cement-Bound Road Base Mixtures." Materials 13, no. 19 (September 24, 2020): 4253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194253.

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This article presents the test results for the physical and mechanical properties and fracture toughness of polymer-modified hydraulically-bound mixtures (HBM) produced with Portland cement for road base layers. The modifier used was a redispersible polymer powder (RPP) based on a vinyl ethylene acetate (EVA) copolymer obtained by spray drying. A three-level full factorial design with two factors was applied to determine the contents of Portland cement and polymer powder in the cement-bound mixture (CBM). Both Portland cement and polymer powder were added at three levels: 0%, 2%, and 4%. The assessment included basic physical properties (water absorption, density, and bulk density) and mechanical properties (stiffness modulus, axial compressive strength, and indirect tensile strength) of the CBM. Particular attention was paid to the assessment of fracture toughness in the semi-circular bending test. The results of the research show that polymer powder positively influenced the mechanical properties of CBM by improving its cohesion while maintaining its stiffness. Another benefit coming from the use of polymer powder was the CBM’s increased resistance to cracking, which is the desired characteristic from the perspective of pavement durability.

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Zvonarić, Matija, Ivana Barišić, Mario Galić, and Krunoslav Minažek. "Influence of Laboratory Compaction Method on Compaction and Strength Characteristics of Unbound and Cement-Bound Mixtures." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 21, 2021): 4750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114750.

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During road construction, granular materials for the unbound base course (UBC) and cement-bound base course (CBC) are mostly compacted by vibratory rollers. A widespread laboratory test for determining the optimal moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD) of the mixture for installation in UBC and CBC is the Proctor test. Considering that the Proctor test does not produce any vibrations during compaction, this paper compares the Proctor test and the vibrating hammer test. The examination was conducted on UBC and CBC with varying cement content and aggregate types. All mixtures were compacted by both methods with the aim of determining the compaction and strength characteristics. The results indicated the high comparability of the two test methods for mixtures with natural aggregate in terms of MDD, OMC, density and strength characteristics (California bearing ratio (CBR) for UBC and 28-day compressive strength for CBC). For mixtures with higher cement content, the OMC difference depending on the laboratory compaction method used can be significant, so the laboratory compaction method should be chosen carefully, particularly for moisture-susceptible materials. This paper also reveals that by increasing the proportion of rubber in the mixture, the compaction and strength characteristics differ significantly due to the compaction method. Therefore, when using alternative and insufficiently researched materials, the compaction method should also be chosen carefully.

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Illyasch, Sergey, and Tetyana Tereshchenko. "Differentiation of methods for manufacturing the specimens of mixtures based on hydraulic binders." Dorogi i mosti 2021 (March 25, 2021): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36100/dorogimosti2021.23.129.

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Introduction. To the particular group of road materials that are applied by close technologies belong hydraulically bound mixtures, roller-compacted concrete and cold recycled cement bound mixtures. As it is known, the composition and also the technology of application of road materials both affect the choice of method for their specimens manufacturing. For the Ukrainian road building industry, only one method for such specimens manufacturing was implemented, but in the world-wide practices there exist a developed differentiation of said methods which considers a lot of factors. The paper is aimed on the analysis and issues to be resolved in that direction.General classification, analysis and criteria for selecting the standard methods for manufacturing the specimens of mixtures based on hydraulic binders.Taking into consideration the methods of compaction applied in various systems of standardization, the classification of methods of manufacturing of specimens of the specified types of mixtures was offered. A comparative analysis of methods of specimens manufacturing is performed taking into account the requirements for specimens, features of the procedure of selection of the mixture composition, conditions of specimens manufacturing and also mixture grading. Particular attention was paid to the choice of criteria for the manufacture of specimens of cold recycled mixtures, which, according to world practice of road construction, shall be subjected to the rheological properties testing.Conclusions.Accounting for the world-wide experience in road building industry, established in Ukrainian practice methods of manufacturing specimens of mixtures based on hydraulic binders used by close technologies need to be improved in order to:–provide a selective approach to the procedure for selecting the mixture composition;–realize the possibility for making specimens on the construction area;–ensure performing of tests accounting for the extended requirements for said mixtures.Keywords: hydraulically bound mixture; roller-compacted concrete; cold recycled mixtures; methods of specimens manufacturing; compaction methods

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Teijón-López-Zuazo, E., Á. Vega-Zamanillo, M. Á. Calzada-Pérez, and L. Juli-Gándara. "Estimation of unconfined compressive strength of cement-stabilized jabre as material upgrade on highway construction." Materiales de Construcción 70, no. 338 (May 12, 2020): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2020.09019.

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Granite rock has powerful alterations at several meters of depth. The clayed sand resulting is commonly known as jabre. This “in situ” mixture of cement-stabilized soil requires a laboratory formula. Even when the test section is correctly verified, the mechanical properties of the homogeneous mixture of jabre exhibit high degrees of dispersion. The laboratory work undertaken included particle-size analysis and screening, definition of liquid and plastic limits, compressive strength, dry density and moisture content over stabilized samples, modified Proctor, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and the determination of the workability of the hydraulically bound mixtures. The stress resistance curve was analyzed by means of a multilinear model of unconfined compressive strength (UCS). Since practical engineering only requires UCS for 7 days, in order to gain greater knowledge of the material, other UCS transformations were used at other curing times such as 7, 14 and 28 days.

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Tataranni, Piergiorgio, Cesare Sangiorgi, Andrea Simone, Valeria Vignali, Claudio Lantieri, and Giulio Dondi. "A laboratory and field study on 100% Recycled Cement Bound Mixture for base layers." International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology 11, no. 5 (September 2018): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijprt.2017.11.005.

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Bulíková, Lucia, and František Kresta. "Hydraulic Road Binder with High Share of Fly Ash after Denitrification." Solid State Phenomena 292 (June 2019): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.292.96.

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Power plants use new technologies to reduce emissions limits. Denitrification is a process that leads to the reduction of NOx in the flue gas. However, in this process, the ammonia or urea is bound to the fly ash and it may adversely affect the properties of this secondary material and it influences its practical utilisation. In this contribution research of siliceous fly ash after denitrification by SNCR in the field of hydraulic road binders for soil treatment is described. In the last time a number of new hydraulic road binders with fly ash as their component have been prepared and used. Fly ash is used due to its pozzolan properties (siliceous FA) or hydraulic properties (calcareous FA) and low purchase price. In described case, fly ash after denitrification was used in mixture with Portland cement and cement kiln dust in ratio 60/30/10. The prepared mixture showed good properties and fulfilled requirements of the EN 13282-2: Normal hardening hydraulic road binders. These binders have to comply with the requirements determined by cement standards.

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Zhu, Qiao, Yi Chen, and Lin Hua Jiang. "Effect of Mineral Admixtures on Chloride Binding Mechanism in Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3716–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3716.

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The chloride binding mechanisms of different mineral admixtures under the condition of stray current and NaCl solute were researched. The electric potential titration was used to measure the content of total chloride ions and free chloride ions. The results show that using of mineral admixture could effectively inhibit the destructive action of the stray current to the stability of bound chloride ion in cement paste. Among all, the most effective mix proportion on chloride-induced corrosion is the mixture with only slag, then the double mixing of fly ash and slag, the last comes the mixture with only fly ash.

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Zvonarić, Matija, Ivana Barišić, Tihomir Dokšanović, and Martina Zagvozda. "Preliminary Research On Waste Rubber Application In Cement Bound Base Layer." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1202, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1202/1/012047.

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Abstract Besides all the positive characteristics of cement bound courses (CBC), it has some detrimental effects on the pavement wearing courses. Due to cement hydration, this mixture is affected by shrinkage. Shrinkage induces cracks in the whole layer which along with weather conditions propagate through asphalt layers in a short period. Also, it’s stiffness negatively affects cracks propagation without providing elastic support for upper layers. As a result, roads are covered with various damages which reduces driving comfort and safety and demand new financial investments. The focus is on reducing the detrimental effect of CBC on the pavement. Nowadays, large quantities of recycled rubber can be found on the market. Wasted rubber is a large ecological problem due to its long decomposition period. On the other hand, by mechanical grinding and separation process, suitable fractions of rubber can be obtained for use in construction. Consequently, the replacement of conventional material by crumb rubber reduces the consumption of natural material and energy for its exploitation. Appropriate amounts and fractions of recycled rubber have the potential to reduce shrinkage and increase the elasticity of CBC. Within this paper, preliminary research results will be presented on the possibilities of crumb rubber implementation in CBC and its effects on mechanical characteristics. By using recycled materials in construction processes we undertake a major step in the sustainable management of natural resources.

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Prathumsuwan, Thitarat, Alfred A. Christy, and Rein Terje Thorstensen. "Hydration Chemistry of Cement Studied by Near Infrared Spectroscopy." Key Engineering Materials 765 (March 2018): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.765.309.

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Cement is a complex mixture of inorganic compounds which mainly composed of calcium silicates and calcium aluminates. Cement is mixed with water to form concrete. During the mixing calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) and calcium hydroxide are formed. The ratio of water/cement (w/c ratio) is important to obtain a mixture that gives optimum strength to the concrete. In this work, three different cement samples were mixed with water in four different ratios, including 0.35, 0.40, 0.45 and 0.55, respectively. The hydration process of cement was investigated by using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy over a period of 28 days. The combination frequency of OH stretching and bending of water molecules gives rise to an absorption around 5200 cm-1. This peak contains contributions of overtones from several types of water molecules in the cement. Fourth derivatives spectra of all cement samples showed three peaks in the combination band region of 5300-5100 cm-1. These peaks indicated the presence of three distinct types of water molecules in the system. First, the characteristic peak at 5260-5240 cm-1 represented the hydrogen bond between water molecules and silinol group of calcium silicates. This peak indicated the formation of CSH from hydration of cement. Furthermore, this peak experienced a slight red shift after a period of seven days indicating stronger hydrogen bonding of water molecules with silinol groups. The peak at 5130 cm-1 corresponded to hydrogen bonding between water molecules and the peak at 5165 cm-1 corresponded to hydrogen bonding between free water and bound water. The suitable w/c ratio for cement-1 is at 0.35-0.45, cement-2, and cement-3 are 0.45. In addition, real concrete sample showed two characteristic peaks at 5250 cm-1 and 5165 cm-1, demonstrating the presence of CSH and free water within concrete, respectively. Near infrared spectroscopy in combination with fourth derivative technique can be used to investigate the hydration chemistry of cement and concrete.

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Більше джерел

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Cement-bound mixture"

Miguel Lopes Crucho, João, Luís Guilherme de Picado Santos, and José Manuel Coelho das Neves. "Assessment of a Cement Bound Granular Mixture Using Recycled Concrete Aggregate and Coconut Fiber." In International Airfield and Highway Pavements Conference 2021. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784483510.023.

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Šķēls, Pēteris, Kaspars Bondars, Raitis Plonis, Viktors Haritonovs, and Andris Paeglītis. "Usage of Wood Fly Ash in Stabilization of Unbound Pavement Layers and Soils." In The 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13bsgc.2016.017.

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Modification and stabilization of road structure unbound layers has extensively been studied both at laboratory and field for decades. The most commonly used binders for soil modification and stabilization are cement and quicklime (CaO), but alternative pozzolans and their mixtures are of economical, technical and environmental interest. This study presents soil stabilization with wood fly ash (WFA) at laboratory. Natural sand (Sa), Sa mixtures with 10% and 20% WFA were compacted at optimal water content according to Standard Proctor test LVS EN 13286-2:2012, and California bearing ratio (CBR) tested according to LVS EN 13286-47:2012 for cured samples after 96 hours immersed in water with 2 kg surcharge and after 7 days sealed simultaneously. At the same time also Immediate bearing index was determined for natural soil and their mixture with 10% WFA. Results showed 3.79 times enhancement in CBR values Sa after 7 days curing, justifying that WFA is valuable material for hydraulically bound mixtures.

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Zagvozda, Martina, Matija Zvonarić, Marijana Cuculić, and Ivana Pranjić. "Waste rubber - sustainable pavements solution?" In 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1138.

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Cement bound base courses increase pavement bearing capacity and resistance to detrimental effects of frost along with being a good base for surface courses. Due to its stiffness, cement bound base courses reduce vertical deflections and tensile stress in asphalt layers thus reducing fatigue and appearance of alligator cracks in asphalt. But, in order to generate required layer strength and stiffness of cement bound base, appropriate amount of cement is necessary. This in turn can cause shrinkage induced cracks which spread towards surface courses and cause accelerated deterioration of pavements. To prevent rapid deterioration of pavement surface layers and occurrence of reflective cracking, incorporation of recycled rubber from waste tire in mixtures for cement bound base courses is currently being considered. In this paper a short review of waste tire application and its behaviour in pavement structures will be shown. In addition, planned methodology and activities that are going to be conducted with in a research project are going to be discussed.

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Bohdan, Dołżycki, Mariusz Jaczewski, and Cezary Szydłowski. "Cold recycled mixtures for binder courses - laboratory evaluation of mechanical properties." In 7th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2022.1388.

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Cold recycled mixtures composed with cement and bituminous emulsion are nowadays commonly used material for base layer. Typical pavement with cold recycled mixtures usually consists of two asphalt courses (wearing and binding course) constructed over cold recycled base. Therefore the next step in cold recycling is possibility of design of binding courses with recycled materials, but with potential to obtain high quality mixtures similar to commonly used asphalt concretes. In this case, typical new pavement structure would be designed as two cold recycled mixtures (for base and binding course) covered by wearing course. This publication presents both basic and advanced laboratory results for cold recycled binding course. Cold recycle binding course is characterized by more strict requirements for base material gradation and more strict ranges for possible properties. Also the composition of binding agents is selected to be as similar as for typical asphalt concretes. In laboratory following test were performed: volumetric properties, resistance to water and frost action, viscoelastic properties (dynamic modulus, phase angles) and resistance to fracture in SCB test. For comparison, the same test were performed for asphalt concrete for binder course and for selected test also for cement bound mixtures. Obtained results indicate that cold recycled mixtures for binder course are located between typical asphalt concretes and cement bound mixtures, characterizing by both high bearing capacity and sufficient viscoelastic properties. In the case of resistance to water and frost, cold recycled mixtures are characterized by ratio between 75-85%. Cold recycled mixtures showed good fracture resistance results in SCB test in comparison to other tested mixtures. Laboratory stage of research confirmed very good properties of cold recycled binding course and open possibility for further steps to construct and evaluate the designed mixtures on real life conditions on trial section in real environmental conditions.

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