Дисертації з теми "Cause for liability"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Cause for liability".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Moodley, Alecia Genise. "Analysing the international civil liability regime for oil pollution damage caused by ships and aligning with it the South African civil liability regime for oil pollution damage cause by ships." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29257.
Повний текст джерелаSchuetze, Jennifer Johanna. "To cause or not to cause, that is the question : the prosecutorial standard for incitement at international criminal law." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82670.
Повний текст джерелаBeyney, Geoffrey. "La contribution de la victime à la production de son dommage en droit de la responsabilité civile extra-contractuelle des personnes publiques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0221.
Повний текст джерелаIn liability law, the victim's contribution to her damage has only been the object of a few studies. It's succinctly understood as an extraneous cause or more precisely as an exemption or lightening cause. However, the study of the victim's contribution to the production of her damage makes it possible to ask what a victim is. In this respect, we have asked ourselves whether the victim who participates in the occurrence of her damage is the author of an event giving rise to it and whether she is civilly liable. In order to do this, we have proceeded to a cross analysis of administrative jurisprudence, in order to grasp the victim's contribution and to define the notions of victim, author and liable. Through this work, we show that the victim who contributes to the production of her damage is the author of a specific event which is not civilly liable. However, the victim bears the consequences that result from her event because her right to repation is called into question. Based on an analysis of positive law and on a theoretical study of extra-contractual civil liability law, our PhD allows us to identify precisely the victim's contribution to the production of her damage as an extraneous cause and to approach it through a new prism by highlighting what a victim is in extra-contractual civil liability law
Pascini, Líliam Regina. "O nexo de causalidade na responsabilidade civil contemporânea." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5976.
Повний текст джерелаThe present study aims to discuss the need to review the importance of analyzing Cause as one of the necessary prerequisites for setting civil liability, due the current personalistic characteristics of this legal institution. Through the analysis of the main existing theories about Cause, it´s possible to verify the possibility of its presumption in certain situations of diffuse damage where, despite the difficulty of proof production related to Cause, there is the presence of statistic and logical probability that the cause of harm was originated by a certain agent, becoming forcible, due to the current outlook of civil liability and its base principles particularly the principles of the human dignity and social solidarity the imputation on the duty to indemnify
Objetiva o presente trabalho dissertar acerca da necessidade de se rever a importância da análise do nexo de causalidade enquanto um dos pressupostos necessários à configuração da responsabilidade civil, devido à atual configuração personalista deste instituto jurídico. Mediante a análise das principais teorias existentes sobre o nexo de causalidade, verifica-se a possibilidade de sua presunção em determinadas situações de danos difusos, em que, apesar da dificuldade da produção da prova demonstrativa da relação causal, constata-se a presença de probabilidade estatística e lógica da causação do dano ter partido de determinado agente, tornando-se-lhe forçosa, devido ao atual panorama da responsabilidade civil e seus princípios formadores sobretudo os princípios da dignidade da pessoa humana e da solidariedade social a imputação do dever de indenizar
Прохоров, К. О. "Адміністративна відповідальність за порушення порядку подання декларації про доходи та ведення обліку доходів і витрат". Thesis, МАУП, 2021. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/14724.
Повний текст джерелаCamguilhem, Benoit. "Recherche sur les fondements de la responsabilité sans faute en droit administratif." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020060.
Повний текст джерелаCause of liability has been one of the most discussed questions since the principle of administrative irresponsibility was given up. Sometimes seen as a general principle of explanation, sometimes as a legal rule, cause of liability is an element of justification. In order to clarify the discourse on liability, cause of liability has to be distinguished from principles which justify the legal rule of liability. For doctrine and jurisprudence, the risk theory and the principle of public expenses equality are the two causes of liability. This presentation has to be renewed because of the creation by the Conseil d’Etat of cases of liability in which the proof of a fault is not compulsory but which do not relate to classical cases. A new presentation with two categories based on the notion of obligation should be preferred. When the event giving rise to the damage ignores a pre-existing obligation it is a true system of responsibility but when the event giving rise to the damage doesn’t ignores such an obligation it is a mechanism of guarantee and not a system of responsibility. “Liability without fault” is a negative category with no unity and no specific causes. Fault is only a condition of liability: liability with fault and liability without fault are not different in nature
Sato, Eliane Mitsuko. "A construção da verdade no processo civil em matéria ambiental." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6844.
Повний текст джерелаThis paper‟s main purpose was studying the techniques used in order to achieve judicial conviction on elements of civil liability for damage caused to nature. The fundamental question was whether such instruments are able to absorb the stunning complexity and uncertainty arising from the fact that often comes to environmental degradation. In this tune, it was found that the allocation of civil consequences for environmental damage in the traditional mold, linked to the fact of conviction and certainty about the factual substrate of the conflict, would greatly compromise the effectiveness. In this scenario, the operator was forced to act when obligations should be imposed based on conjectures, in a degree of uncertainty with which the law is not used to dealing with. However, despite the complexity of the task of verifying the existence of the liability requirements in these circumstances, it does not relieve a solution is given. The present monograph is ideally divided into three parts. The first is the presentation of the context from which the vulnerability of nature caused by technological progress arises and its reverberations in law. The second part concerns of the general aspects of normative and judicial protection designed to protect the environment in the civil sphere. The third part is dedicated to the examination of techniques for the representation of facts in the lawsuit in this case. At the end, some conclusions are presented
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal examinar as técnicas utilizadas na formação do juízo de fato adotado como premissa para a decisão que resolve litígios em que se postula a responsabilidade civil pelo dano causado à natureza. A questão fundamental era saber se tais instrumentos são capazes de assimilar a atordoante complexidade e as incertezas advindas da realidade em que frequentemente se insere a degradação ambiental. Nessa toada, constatou-se que a imputação das consequências civis pelo dano ambiental nos moldes tradicionais, atrelado à convicção de verdade e de certeza a respeito do substrato fático do conflito, comprometeria sobremaneira a efetividade do direito material violado. Neste cenário, o operador do direito se viu forçado a atuar em meio a situações em que obrigações devem ser impostas com apoio em conjecturas, em um grau de incerteza com o qual o Direito não está habituado a lidar. No entanto, em que pese a complexidade da tarefa de verificar a existência dos requisitos da responsabilidade civil nestas circunstâncias, ela não dispensa o seu equacionamento. Neste passo, impende assinalar que a presente monografia está idealmente dividida em três partes. A primeira consiste na apresentação do contexto do qual exsurgiu a vulnerabilidade da natureza diante do progresso tecnológico e das respectivas reverberações no Direito. A segunda parte cuida dos aspectos gerais da tutela normativa e jurisdicional preconizada para a atuação concreta das normas concebidas para a proteção do meio ambiente na esfera civil. A terceira parte dedica-se ao exame das técnicas idealizadas para a representação dos fatos no processo que embasará a decisão judicial sobre a responsabilidade civil neste setor. Finalmente, a partir dos dados obtidos e de sua discussão, foram apresentadas as conclusões do estudo
Galli, Andreas. "Kausalität bei psychischen Störungen im Deliktsrecht /." Basel : Helbing & Lichtenhahn, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/526895977.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаJullian, Nadège. "La cession de patrimoine." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1G019.
Повний текст джерелаThe transfer of estate is a recent institution in French substantive law. It was established under Law N° 2010-658 of 15 June 2010 (The Limited Liability Sole Trader [EIRL] Act) and provides for inter-vivos transfers of estates. However, the concept comes into direct conflict with AUBRY and RAU’s famous late 19th century subjective theory of estates, according to which an estate issues from a person. Because an estate cannot be dissociated from the person who holds it, the link between the person and his or her estate cannot be severed, even by way of a transfer. The question thus arises as to how the very notion of transfer of estate could find its way into French law. The introduction of the transfer of estate into French law is actually an invitation to review the theory of estates, in order to understand how something that so far could not be achieved in a person’s lifetime has now become possible. It thus appears that under some conditions a person may willingly dispose of his or her whole estate without any prior liquidation. As the transfer is essentially a universal transaction, it may take several forms such as that of a sale or a gift of property (Part I : Establishing the transfer of estate in French law).The establishment of a legal framework for such a new concept was a delicate matter. Parliament was initially overtaken by the disruption it had caused and what were for all intent and purposes unforeseen (if not inforeseeable) implications. It did organise the transfer of estate as applied to Limited Liability Sole Traders [EIRL] but the resulting framework was both defective and incomplete. If one is to correct and complete the existing framework, one should not devise legal rules ex nihilo but rather draw from existing rules, particularly those that already govern some forms of universal transfers of estate, such as the law of mergers and acquisitions and the law of successions. Still, these rules must be adapted to the specificities of the transfer of estate, namely inter-vivos gifts and, now that French law recognises the plurality of estates, the possibility for the transferee to hold the estate separately from his own assets (Part II : Setting the rules for the transfer of estate)
Landsweerdt, Christie. "Le fondement de la responsabilité du transporteur." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL20027.
Повний текст джерелаThe carrier is under an obligation of result, the nonfulfilment of which he /she will be automatically held liable for, as soons as damage arises. Yet he can escape liablitiy if he can prove the existence of a ground for exemption. Considered as an impediment to compensation, the exemption will be assessed with more or less suspicion, depending on the transport mode and the cargo. In this respect, there should be a distinction made between the transport of passengers and goods. As the passenger’s need for protection is more and more taken into account, this causes the regime governing carriers to evolve. Analyzing these developments is essential to look for a common ground for the carrier’s liability. Considered as a victim, the passenger becomes the pivot of the regime applicable to the carrier, this regime being no longer a system of liablity. On the contrary, when liability remains, the defense based on exemption reveals the rationale behind the carrier’s liability: his fault
Abousuwa, Ali Ahmed. "Liability in private international air law for aircraft repair caused accident." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63393.
Повний текст джерелаRohrbacher, Michel. "La Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est : contribution à l'histoire juridique des transports ferroviaires." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAA007.
Повний текст джерелаThe French East Railway Company is a railway public limited company which was founded in 1854. Several statutory railway companies in the North East of France merged into one to create it. The East Company lost a part of its network after the Franco-Prussian war of 1870-1871. However, it continued to exist until the railway nationalization in 1937. The East Railway Company then became the East Investment Trust, with representation on the board of directors of the French National Railway Company, and with shares up to 17,9% of its capital.This thesis, which focuses on the public service, will first examine the East Railway Company as a business firm. Its elements, its working and the status of its workforce will be analyzed. Secondly the creation of the Eastern network and its development will be presented. The concepts of concession, compulsory purchase order, carriage transport contract and liability will be underlined
Lagoutte, Julien. "Les conditions de la responsabilité en droit privé : éléments pour une théorie générale de la responsabilité juridique." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40032.
Повний текст джерелаWhile the radical distinction between criminal law and civil liability is classically taught, a thorough survey of positive law reveals a general and profound trend towards a confusion of these two disciplines. Faced with this paradox, the jurist wonders : how to articulate the civil and criminal laws of responsibility ? To answer this question, the thesis suggests abandoning the traditional approach of the subject, which consists in treating it as a mere category of classification of the different branches, civil and criminal, of responsibility/liability. Legal responsibility is presented as an autonomous and general institution organizing the response from the system to abnormal disturbance of social equilibrium. Civil liability law and criminal law are, as far as they are concerned, henceforth conceived as the mere technical applications of this institution in positive law.On the basis of this new approach and through the prism of the study of liability conditions in private law, the thesis proposes a technical and rational organization of criminal law and civil liability that may provide the guiding principles of a real general theory of legal responsibility. As a general institution, it gives not only a concept of responsibility, requiring degradation of a legally protected interest, abnormality and legal causation, and establishing the convergence of criminal law and civil law, but also a system of responsibility, determining the divergences of them and steering the first towards the protection of general interest and the second towards the protection of victims
Gohn, Rodney L. ""COLD CASE" INVESTIGATIONS WITHIN FAIRFAX COUNTY: TURNING THE LIABILITY OF TIME INTO AN ASSET." VCU Scholars Compass, 1995. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4625.
Повний текст джерелаAlgera, Johan Albert. "The use of swaps by large Dutch companies : a case study research." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308841.
Повний текст джерелаLee, Soon-Jae. "The impact of regulation on the property-liability insurance industry : the case of guaranty funds /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1278527801.
Повний текст джерелаNg, Siu-ling Giselle. "Accountability in public administration : the case of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18539105.
Повний текст джерелаBrown, Victoria S. A. "Brownfield site redevelopment planning, liability, risk assessment and risk management : a City of Winnipeg case study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0014/MQ32907.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSamuelsson, Oscar, and Pontus Svensson. "Kan aktieägaravtal som saknar aktiebolagsrättslig relevans leda till obligationsrättslig bundenhet och skadeståndsskyldighet? : De lege lata och de lege ferenda." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Redovisning och Rättsvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-26623.
Повний текст джерелаThe provision in chapter 22. 1 § of the Swedish companies act regarding compulsory purchases and sales of shares is imperative, meaning that derogations from the provision not is allowed through a company’s articles of association. The imperative nature of the provision has been further strengthened through the Swedish Supreme Court ruling NJA 2011 s. 429. In the mentioned case, a shareholders’ agreement in which a party has waived its right to claim a compulsory purchase, was found to lack affect in relation to the company. However, the court stressed that shareholders’ agreements, in principle, are valid and enforceable between the contractual parties, i.e. the shareholders. The authors’ opinion is that the mere existence of compulsory purchases and sales of shares constitute an infringement of the freedom of contract. Moreover, the mentioned court ruling entails an extension of the already existing infringement of this freedom. This thesis examines whether this, later infringement, is motivated. Furthermore, this thesis examines how a breach of a shareholders’ agreement – and liability to pay damages – relates to the fact that the contractual term that has been breached lacks affect toward the company. According to the authors, the infringement of the freedom of contract derived from the mentioned court ruling is motivated. Furthermore, the authors have concluded that liability to pay damages may arise de lege lata, due to the fact that the contractual parties ought to be bound by the shareholders’ agreement according to the mentioned court ruling. In the authors’ opinion, the methods used to limit liability are not capable of doing so in this case. The authors suggest, de lege ferenda, that a term of a shareholder’s agreement where a party refrains from his right to claim a compulsory purchase or sales of shares not shall be binding between the parties.
Hui, Man-yam. "Property owners' liability for personal injuries claims for damages change in risk perception after albert house case /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2006. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B37937868.
Повний текст джерелаGroebe, Matthew E. "Case Strategy for the Civil Defendant: The Effects of Injury Severity and Rebuttals on Liability and Damages." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1288025171.
Повний текст джерелаYodmani, Suvongse. "The Warsaw System : a case for Thailand to ratify the Montreal Convention 1999 or not." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78232.
Повний текст джерелаThe first two chapters of this thesis explore the Warsaw System and the Montreal Convention. The merits and demerits of the instruments are discussed as well as the future of the Montreal Convention 1999.
In the last chapter, the related legal regimes of Thailand are introduced. A comparative study of the Thai laws and the international Conventions are carried out, with a view to determine the advantages and disadvantages for Thailand of becoming a party to the Conventions governing the international carriage by air.
The conclusion is a call for Thailand to ratify the Montreal Convention 1999 which will soon come into force, as soon as possible.
Gavelis, Paulius. "Civilinė atsakomybė už gyvūnų padarytą žalą." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20140625_205412-43450.
Повний текст джерелаCivil Liability for Damage Caused by Animals Summary Court practice reveals that proper assessment of circumstances of damage caused by animals as well as evaluation of the level of liability of their owners is quite troublesome. The thesis is devoted to an analysis of legal doctrine, legal acts and jurisprudence on pre-conditions for application of civil liability for damage caused by animals in order to reveal problems that occur in practice. The thesis covers conceptual issues of tort liability, its functions and pre-conditions for its application in the context of damage caused by animals; peculiarities of tort liability for damage caused by wild animals in traffic accidents as well for damage to health and property of persons caused by domestic animals are revealed. Jurisprudence of the Lithuanian courts on damage caused by wild animals Liability for damage caused by animals is tort liability. Paragraph 4 of the article 6.245 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Lithuania defines tort liability as a pecuniary obligation which is not related with contractual relations, except in cases where it is established by laws that delictual liability shall also result from damage related with contractual relations. Civil liability for damage caused by animals is being regulated by Article 6.267 (Chapter XXII, third section) of the Civil Code of the Republic of Lithuania, the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Wild Fauna, the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on the Care, Keeping... [to full text]
Hage-Chahine, Najib. "La distinction de l'obligation et du devoir en droit privé." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020011.
Повний текст джерелаObligations and duties are often confused. However, their distinction is fundamental. The present essay proposes to distinguish the two concepts by drawing the criterion of distinction in the structure and the source of the situation of passivity. In terms of structure, the obligationdiffers from the duty by the existence of a determined debtor and creditor. The structure of the obligation separates it from duties that do not exist between two determined parties. Nevertheless, this first criterion is insufficient. It does not make it possible to distinguish between obligations and duties that exist between determined parties. Therefore, it must be combined with a second criterion that is drawn in the source of the situation of passivity. In terms of its source, obligations derive from the rule of law or the intervention of the debtor. The source of the obligation separates it from non-statutory duties and non-legal duties. The distinction between obligations and duties is useful. It has practical use within liability proceedings and outside such proceedings. However, the present essay does not merely highlight the differences between obligations and duties. Their distinction is flexible, in that it reveals similarities between the two concepts. Separated by their structure and their source, obligations and duties have a similar object and a similar subject. In effect, the same person may be required to accomplish the same performance under an obligation or under a duty
Ellis, Christopher Keith. "THE EXAMINATION OF HAZING CASE LAW AS APPLIED BETWEEN 1980-2013." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/epe_etds/59.
Повний текст джерелаJoubert, Deon Ernst. "The business judgment rule and the liability of directors for the environmental damage caused by the South African mining industry." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62540.
Повний текст джерелаMini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Public Law
LLM
Unrestricted
Dias, Sara Isabel Catarino. "Passivo ambiental: estudo de caso." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/15117.
Повний текст джерелаA questão ambiental é um fator relevante para qualidade de vida das pessoas, uma vez que com o grande avanço tecnológico e industrial, começou-se a produzir grandes quantidades bens e em menor período de tempo, consumindo grandes quantidades de recursos, em especial os naturais. O delapidar desses recursos e os efeitos para a sociedade começam a manifestar-se em forma de poluição do ar, contaminação de rios e mares, contaminação dos solos, entre outros. A sociedade passou então a cobrar das empresas uma maior responsabilidade ambiental. No início do século XX as empresas, finalmente, ganharam consciência da problemática ambiental e na tentativa de minimizar os impactos ambientais surgem os órgãos fiscalizadores, que aplicam multas e coimas às empresas que não respeitassem o meio ambiente. Havendo a possibilidade de incorrem em algumas penalidades ambientais, as empresas acabam por encontrar dificuldades em obter financiamento junto das instituições de crédito ou captar investidores, reduzindo assim a possibilidade de financiamento. Neste contexto, a contabilidade pode ser vista como um importante instrumento para controlar e proporcionar melhores tomadas de decisões sobre as atividades das empresas. As informações ambientais são do interesse de todos os grupos de stakeholders, como fornecedores, governo, acionistas, bancos, entre outros, uma vez que afetam, direta ou indiretamente, o futuro da empresa, daí que, a assumpção de passivos ambientais condiciona rendibilidades futuras ou a sobrevivência da própria empresa. No entanto, a contabilidade tradicional pouco proporciona em termos de qualidade das informações ambientais, pois essas são evidenciadas em conjunto com as informações financeiras e operacionais. Para complementar as informações específicas e diferenciadas sobre o meio ambiente, a contabilidade teve que se desdobrar em mais ramificações: a Contabilidade Ambiental (Paiva, 2003).
The environmental issue is a relevant factor for quality of life, as with the great technological and industrial progress, they began to produce large quantities goods and in a shorter period of time, consuming large amounts of resources, especially natural. The squandering of these features and effects for society begin to manifest itself in the form of air pollution, contamination of rivers and seas, soil contamination, among others. The society then went on to charge companies a greater environmental responsibility. At the beginning of the twentieth century, companies, finally, became aware of environmental issues and trying to minimize the environmental impacts arise regulatory agencies, imposing fines and fines on companies that do not respect the environment. With the possibility of incurring some environmental penalties, companies end up encountering difficulties in obtaining funding from credit institutions or attract investors, thus reducing the possibility of financing. In this context, accounting can be seen as an important tool to control and provide better decision making on the activities of companies. Environmental information is in the interests of all stakeholder groups, such as suppliers, government, shareholders, banks, among others, since they affect, directly or indirectly, the company's future, so that the assumption of environmental liabilities determines future performance or survival of the company. However, traditional accounting provides little in terms of quality of environmental information, as these are evidenced in conjunction with the financial and operational information. In addition to the specific and different information about the environment, accounting had to unfold more branches: Environmental Accounting (Paiva, 2003).
Brunel, Fanny. "L’abstention du titulaire d’une prérogative en droit privé : ébauche d’une norme de comportement." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAD025/document.
Повний текст джерелаFrench law is usually understanding the abstention as the abstention fault. However, the abstention of the holder of a prerogative can not be analyzed this way and requires a new juridical approach. Abstention creates an equivocal situation by being a refusal, silent and temporary, to immediately enjoy the effects of a prerogative in order to retain them until the most appropriate moment. By being unclear unlike an active exercise or a real renunciation, it generates indeed unpredictability and a lack of legal safety. This insecurity is, moreover, exacerbated by erroneous interpretations of abstention and by the aggravation of the consequences affecting the one who suffers from it with the passing time. As a result, due to the absence of a legal status of abstention, it is imperative to take up the unpredictability problem of the abstention of the holder of a prerogative in order to attempt to mitigate it, while highlighting its legitimacy. The appearing necessary solution finds its way in the regulation of the behavior of the one abstaining in time. Consequently, from the end of a reasonable period, preserving his liberty within the time limit, he has to respect the standard of a reasonable agent. Failing that, his liability could be incurred. This would not exclude the accountability of the person who suffers from abstention
Sundström, Agneta. "Globalization, CSR and business legitimacy in local relationships /." Uppsala : Dept. of Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200923.pdf.
Повний текст джерела黃麗蟬 and Lai-sim Wong. "The responsiveness and accountability of the Hong Kong Police Force: a study of the police complaints system andmechanisms of control." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967061.
Повний текст джерелаIvarsson, Jonas, Erik Pira, and Ulf Stomberg. "Networking Challenges : A Case Study of Swedish Firms Acting on the Japanese Market." Thesis, Linnaeus University, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6171.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims to describe how Swedish firms have established themselves on the Japanese market with help from their business network. This research has been conducted in the light of the economic recession and the complicated Japanese business networks. We have chosen to use a qualitative approach and by doing so we received the three respondents’ views of doing business on the Japanese market. We have focused this thesis on the importance of networks and relationships and have chosen to use new theories regarding business networks and business relationships for the base of our research and to link them with our empirical findings. The interviews conducted have been focused on three respondents who all have broad experience of the Japanese market. These three interviews have been compared to each other in our analysis and through this we have drawn our conclusions. We also give recommendations for Swedish firms who aim to establish themselves on this market.
Vianna, Goncalves Raphael. "Exploitation offshore d'hydrocarbures et responsabilité civile : droit comparé : Brésil, France et Etats-Unis." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010271.
Повний текст джерелаThe current situation of the rules governing the liability of the entrepreneur for environmental damage caused by offshore oil exploration and by the transportation of this product by oil tankers, shows that the legislator is more concerned with environmental health issues. However, there are many gaps in national legislations that can lead to considerable legal uncertainty for the responsible parties. While, at the same time it does not provide adequate protection for the environment and to human beings. The comparative study of legals systems shows the importance that countries that are exposed to the dangers of oil spills, especially those exploiting oil in the sea, to have a special indemnisation fund to guarantee and facilitate environmental restoration and payment of compensation to victims. Besides protecting the environment and citizens' rights, the fund also offers the possibility of applying the defenses of liability and limitation of liability. The funds would be used to cover the losses beyond the limit of liability of the responsible partie or when the responsibility for the accident is ruled out by a liability defense cause
Yamamura, Koichi. "Public Relations in Japan: The Analysis of the Influence of Culture and Political Economy on Corporate Communication during Mergers and Acquisition Cases." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/459.
Повний текст джерелаWessels, Heinrich Pieter. "Liability claims under the Warsaw and Montreal Conventions : a case study of a fictitious South African passenger of the German Wings Flight 9525 of 24 March 2015." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60112.
Повний текст джерелаPortolano, Diane. "Essai d'une théorie générale de la provocation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32046.
Повний текст джерелаCommon in criminal law, never undertaken in civil law or in administrative law, this research shows the wide legal approach of the notion of provocation. Despite this richness, no transverse study has never been done about it. Moreover, this notion remains undefined. Nevertheless, not only the conceptualisation of provocation has been necessary, owing to the absence of coherence regarding its approach, but this conceptualisation was also not perfectly conceivable.To that purpose, the typology of provocation’s behaviours, its nature and characterisation were able to be set up. Then, the duality of provocation, which is the result of the essential influence’s relation of the provoker on the provoked person, required studying expressions of the provocation on the one who is incited. Regarding this matter, it seemed the subjectivity of the concept of provocation often faced with the increasing objectivation of liabilities and explained, at least partially, the decline of its legal approach, in particular in criminal law. Therefore, the conceptualisation of the provocation was confronted to serious difficulties, regarding both the definition and the concept, of notions relating to provocation and inherent in the legal responsibility, such as culpability, will, intention, accountability or the causal link and imputation as well. Without expecting a total renewal of the notions belonging to the theory of liability, a clarification of these ones seems to be a necessary precondition for the conceptualisation of provocation and its practical application. Eventually, to the finding of an eminently subjective nature of provocation, must be added the one of a special legal regime. The regime of provocation, following the example of its nature, turns out to be dual: it involves or reduces the legal responsibility depending on the person charged is the provoked or the provoker. Special, dual and subjective, the legal regime of the provocation will point out its extent and assure it of real efficiency
Förster, Susanne. "Internationale Haftungsregeln für schädliche Folgewirkungen gentechnisch veränderter Organismen europäische und internationale Entwicklungen und Eckwerte für ein Haftungsregime im internationalen Recht = International liability for damage caused by genetically modified organisms." Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer, 2004. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2874220&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Повний текст джерелаNel, Mary. "Incest : a case study in determining the optimal use of the criminal sanction." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53462.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to determine standards or criteria to be used when deciding on the optimal use of the criminal sanction and to evaluate the efficacy of such criteria by applying them to an existing crime, namely incest. Since criminal punishment necessarily impacts negatively on the human rights of those subject to it, it is submitted that it should only be used as a last resort where it is absolutely necessary to do so. Relevant constitutional provisions and other legal sources are examined and used as the basis for expounding a test for determining the circumstances under which it is appropriate to criminalise. It is argued that the decision to utilise the criminal sanction may be tested against certain guidelines: the state bears the burden of showing, firstly, that the rationale of the crime in question is theoretically justifiable in that criminalisation serves a worthy state purpose; and secondly, that criminalisation is reasonable, being both practically desirable and effective in achieving legitimate state goals in the least restrictive manner possible. In the second part of the thesis, the proposed criteria are applied to the common law crime of incest. An initial discussion of the crime indicates that a wide range of conduct is punishable as incest, including both extremely harmful conduct, such as the rape of a child by her father, and completely innocuous behaviour, for instance private sexual intercourse between consenting adults who are merely related by marriage. Next, an attempt is made to ascertain the true rationale for criminalising incest and then to establish whether such rationale is justifiable. The conclusion is reached that despite there being good grounds for punishing certain manifestations of incest, the only reason for imposing criminal punishment that is valid in all instances, is the unconvincing contention that the state is justified in prohibiting incest merely because incest is regarded as morally abhorrent. And even assuming that targeting and preventing undesirable forms of harmful or offensive conduct is a justifiable purpose of the incest prohibition, it is nevertheless submitted that criminalising incest is unreasonable, since the crime as it is presently formulated is both over- and under-inclusive for the effective realisation of any praiseworthy aims. After testing incest against the criteria developed, the recommendation is made that incest be decriminalised. It is contended that there are sufficient alternative criminal prohibitions available that would adequately punish harmful incestuous conduct without simultaneously unreasonably limiting the rights of consenting adults to choose their sexual (or marriage) partner without state interference. Decriminalisation would not only prevent potential violations of human rights, but the legitimacy of the criminal justice system as a whole would be considerably enhanced if it were apparent that the criminal sanction was reserved for conduct truly deserving of punishment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die oogmerk van hierdie studie is om standaarde of riglyne daar te stel ter aanwending waar besluit word oor die optimale benutting van die strafsanksie, asook om die doeltreffendheid van sulke riglyne vas te stel deur die toepassing daarvan op 'n bestaande misdaad, naamlik bloedskande. Aangesien straf altyd 'n nadelige uitwerking op die menseregte van dié wat daaraan onderhewig is, het, word aan die hand gedoen dat dit slegs as 'n laaste uitweg aangewend moet word indien absoluut noodsaaklik. Ondersoek word ingestel na toepaslike grondwetlike bepalings en ander regsbronne, wat gebruik word as grondslag vir 'n toets ten einde te bepaalonder welke omstandighede kriminalisasie gepas is. Daar word aan die hand gedoen dat die besluit om gebruik te maak van 'n strafsanksie teen sekere riglyne getoets kan word. Die staat dra die bewyslas om aan te toon, eerstens, dat die bestaansrede vir die betrokke misdaad teoreties regverdigbaar is aangesien krimininalisasie 'n waardige staatsdoel dien; en tweedens, dat kriminalisasie redelik is, aangesien dit prakties wenslik is, asook die staat se legitieme doelwitte dien op effektiewe wyse op die mees onbeperkende wyse moontlik. In die tweede gedeelte van die verhandeling word die voorgestelde riglyne op die gemeenregtelike misdaad bloedskande toegepas. 'n Aanvanklike bespreking van die misdaad dui daarop dat die trefwydte van bloedskande sodanig is dat dit gedrag insluit wat uiters benadelend is, soos byvoorbeeld die verkragting van 'n kind deur haar vader, maar ook heeltemal onskadelike optrede soos byvoorbeeld geslagsverkeer tussen toestemmende volwassenes wat bloot aanverwante is. Die volgende stap is om die ware bestaansrede vir die verbod op bloedskande vas te stel en daarna te oorweeg of sodanige bestaansrede regverdigbaar is. Die gevolgtrekking is dat alhoewel daar goeie gronde vir die bestrawwing van sekere verskyningsvorme van bloedskande is, die enigste altyd-geldende rede vir strafoplegging in hierdie verband die onoortuigende bewering dat bloedskande moreelonverdraaglik beskou word, is. Selfs al word daar aanvaar dat die identifikasie en voorkoming van onwenslike verskyningsvorme van skadelike of aanstootlike gedrag 'n regverdigbare doel vir die bloedskandeverbod is, voer die skrywer nie te min aan dat die kriminalisasie van bloedskande onredelik is omrede die huidige misdaadomskrywing tegelykertyd beide oor- en onder- inklusief is om einge moontlike goeie doelwitte effektief te bereik. Nadat bloedskande getoets word teen die riglyne wat ontwikkel is, word aanbeveel dat bloedskande gedekriminaliseer word. Daar word aan die hand gedoen dat daar genoegsame alternatiewe strafbepalings is wat aangewend kan word om skadelike gedrag wat onder die misdaad bloedskande resorteer te bestraf sonder dat die regte van toestemmende volwassenes om sonder staatsinmenging hul seksuele- (of huweliks-) maat te kies onredelik ingeperk word. Dekriminalisasie sal nie slegs moontlike menseregteskendings voorkom nie, maar ook die legitimiteit van die strafregstelsel as geheel bevorder deurdat dit duidelik blyk dat die strafsankie reserveer word vir optrede wat werklik straf verdien.
Rinaldo, Iversen Pierre. "A Case Study on Long-tail Risks and Risk Mitigation in Risk Management : How can AGCS make best use of risk mitigation measures for drafting product liability policy wordings?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150522.
Повний текст джерелаBerry-Stölzle, Thomas. "Asset liability management and underwriting cycles : three essays on property-liabilty insurance companies /." 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/543483061.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBerthold, Gabriel-Arnaud. "Peut-on donner d’une clause et reprendre de l’autre? Essai sur la cause comme instrument de contrôle de la cohérence matérielle du contrat." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12458.
Повний текст джерелаTumi, Mohamed Abdulgader. "Space law : international liability for damages caused by space objects : the 1972 liability for damages convention." Thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/5034.
Повний текст джерелаYU, CHIA-CHI, and 余家琪. "The Case Study of Automobile Liability Insurance Claim Payments." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6m465t.
Повний текст джерела國立高雄第一科技大學
風險管理與保險系碩士專班
106
Generally, the insureds use the third liability insurance to share and pass on the risk of car accidents. However, claims adjusters of the property insurance company may not have enough right to negotiate the amount of compensation with victims. Neither defending the interests of the company nor dealing with the victim too long will be easy to raise the claims, and it will result in the insured faced with legal pressure. This study discusses the differences of insurance payments among three different property insurance companies under similar conditions of accidents and the same third party liability insurance coverage. Why do they have different results when dealing with claims? Send the questionnaires to other property insurance claims adjusters and mediation committee members, with their years of experience in handling car accident to determine. Why these insurance companies are difference to generate? This study finds that: in these three property insurance companies, A property insurance company property Insurance is more lenient in its claim and compensation, and it may be considered as the most insured service insurance company by the insured's position and legal liability. The voting rate of the mediation committee members accounted for 85.71%, and 88.31% of the high proportions were identified on the questionnaires of other property insurance adjusters. On the other hand, the mediation committee believes that the hardest property insurance company is 85.71% of the B property insurance company, and the reason for not enough for the claimant's amount of authority is 45.71 %, and 32.86% for the property company's control odds, and 21.43% for the adjuster's experience value is insufficient. Also, the most stringent and hardest property insurance company for claimants of other property insurance companies’ adjuster 85.71% of the B property insurance company. The reason for not enough for the claimant's amount of authority is 53 %, and 30% for the property company's control odds, and 17% for the adjuster's experience value is insufficient. Hope the claimant service of property insurance company could refer to this study analysis, and become the indicator when insureds select property insurance company of service quality. Keywords: the third liability insurance; service quality; mediator; liability insurance
Tsai, Hsin-hui, and 蔡心慧. "A Study of Criminal Liability for Medical Negligence – Taiwan Case." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75753638515682230520.
Повний текст джерела逢甲大學
經濟學所
95
In recent years, the growth of income has lead to an increase in demand for medical care, and thereafter an increase in medical disputes. In 2005, 124 doctors are forced to face the criminally liability for medical negligence. It means that the medical negligence rate is about 0.06% at that year. Now doctors begin to strive for their rights, although so a lot of questions still exist in criminal liability for medical negligence. This paper studies criminal liability for medical negligence, and sees whether the deterrent effect exists. By using time series data 1968~2005, we found there is no significant effect of criminal liability on medical negligence, which means that no deterrent effect exists.
Wu, Pei Ru, and 吳佩如. "The Underwriting Cycle in Property/Liability Insurance:The Case of Taiwan." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78499502935774009061.
Повний текст джерелаJIAN, JHIH-JIE, and 簡志傑. "Insurance Risk Capital of Life Insurance Liability: The Case of Taiwan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2x7urf.
Повний текст джерела東吳大學
財務工程與精算數學系
104
In this paper, following the method in the QIS 5 of Solvency II to calculate the risk capital requirement, I consider the impact of changes in mortality to solvency capital. First, I adopt mortality relational model in Chan, Tsai, and Tsai (2013) to forecast mortality rate. Furthermore, I calculate the risk capital of six representative traditional life insurance policies. The quantitative results show that under standard approach the risk capital factor decreases with the insured’s age; the risk capital factor for policies issued to females is slightly higher than to males; and the risk capital factor is also related to interest rate.
ZHENG, YI-AN, and 鄭宜安. "Insurance Risk Capital of Health Insurance Liability: The Case of Taiwan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/833459.
Повний текст джерела東吳大學
財務工程與精算數學系
104
In this paper, following the method in the QIS 5 of Solvency II to calculate the risk capital requirement, I consider the impact of changes in mortality and morbidity to solvency capital. First, I adopt mortality relational model in Chan, Tsai, and Tsai (2013) to forecast both mortality and morbidity rate. Furthermore, I calculate the risk capital of two representative health insurance policies. The quantitative results show that under standard approach the risk capital factor decreases with the insured’s age; the risk capital factor for policies issued to females is slightly higher than to males; and the risk capital factor is also related to interest rate. The findings can be used in the risk-based capital system reform for reference in Taiwan.
Huang, Bor-Han, and 黃柏翰. "The ISP Indirect Infringement Liability in Copyright Law after Grokster Case." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b9j662.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
法律學系科技法律碩士班
106
Creation works are intellectual products made by mankind through learning, thinking, creating and recording. The author accumulates, generalizes what he or she learned and thought, or even creates new works that base on his/her effort. Nowadays, there are a large number of type of media on the Internet market, the way that knowledge appear and transmits are a lot different from three or four centuries ago. However, when it comes between copyright and technology, it is a different story. While technology end-users involved in a copyright infringement, it’s discussable for the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) liability. When the end-users use the service to execute an infringement, even if the direct infringement is cause by the perpetrator himself, if there is no technology or service participation, the infringement will not occur. Therefore, there is a causal relationship between the act of providing technology or service and the infringement itself. That is the reason why, there are discussions about whether the technology or service provider has any direct infringement, auxiliary infringement, agency infringement or even induced infringement when a tort occurred. However, as technologies and services that provide on the market evolve with time, there should be discussion about, whether the indirect tort liability system established by the Federal Courts in the past is still able to provide adequate protection for the intellectual property owners today. There are three purposes in this study. The first is to analyze the United States law in order to understand technology or service providers’ responsibility in the intellectual property infringement. By studying and discussing the judgments of the courts in the U.S, this article will sum up the United States law for intellectual property infringement cases in the technology or service providers’ responsibilities and obligations. This section will be done by studying the relevant US judgments and the relevant secondary resources in order to clarify the relevant facts and theories. The second is to explore the American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. v. Aereo, Inc. case and the theory that involved in the case, by reading the relevant articles and judgments, this article will try to make comments and detailed analyses of the case after that. The third is to make an opinion on the domestic practice base on the previous results, and to discuss and compare the similarities and differences between the US law and the indirect tort liability judgment in our country and make recommendations.
Kuschke, Birgit. "Insurance against damage caused by pollution." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1637.
Повний текст джерелаJurisprudence
LL.D.
Nkabinde, Fortunate Thobeka. "Mediation : an alternative dispute resolution in medical negligence cases." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25499.
Повний текст джерелаJurisprudence
LL. M.
Huang, Tz-Pin, and 黃慈品. "Determines of cash holdings: The case of Taiwan property-liability insurance companies." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85401064015704692987.
Повний текст джерела真理大學
經濟學系財經碩士班
98
For the property-liability insurer, virtually all business transactions occur in cash. Premiums are received in cash, and claims are paid in cash. As a result, the insurer’s decision regarding the amount of cash to hold is critical to its operations and therefore to its overall financial stability. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in cash holdings across property-liability insurances by Taiwan non-life insurers in the 1975 to 2008 period. We conclude that firms with higher non-invest assets and firms with higher growth ratio will tend to hold more cash. We also conclude that large insurers and firms with higher degrees of leverage will hold less cash. Also, we find that insurers with a higher variance of cash flows tend to hold more cash. Another interesting finding is that, foreign non-life insurance companies would tend to hold more cash.