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Дисертації з теми "Cats as laboratory animals"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 24 лютого 2023

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1

Crawley, Allison Catherine. "Enzyme replacement therapy in a feline model of mucopolysaccharidosis type VI /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc9107.pdf.

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2

Yogalingam, Gouri. "Molecular characterisation of feline MPS VI and evaluation of gene therapy /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phy54.pdf.

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3

Zarrinkalam, Krystyna. "Characterisation of osteoblast function in a feline model of mucopolysaccharidosis type VI." Title page, contents and introduction only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phz38.pdf.

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Addenda slip inserted in back. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 178-231). To further the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the skeletal pathology of mucopolysaccharidosis type VI and to investigate the production of organic matrix by mucopolysaccharidosis VI osteoblasts

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4

Rose, Heidi Huffman. "SURVIVIN AND p53 EXPRESSION IN FELINE ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AND CORRELATION WITH PROGNOSIS." MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03252008-191425/.

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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the most common oral neoplasm of cats, demonstrates aggressive local invasion and has a poor prognosis. In humans, mutation of the p53 gene, crucial in cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in damaged cells, is common in neoplasms. Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis, is frequently overexpressed in many types of human cancer. Studies suggest that wild-type p53 inhibits survivin expression, while mutated p53 does not. The purposes of this study included immunohistochemical examination of survivin and p53 expression in feline oral SCC and determination of a correlation between p53 mutation and survivin overexpression, as well as comparison with survival time. Survivin expression was noted in 80% (24/30) of cases, while 43.3% (13/30) of cases were positive for p53. No statistically significant correlation was noted between p53 and survivin expression, even when corrected for age, breed, and sex; and survival time was not affected.

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5

Rochlitz, Irene. "The welfare of cats kept in confined environments." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271003.

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6

Kirk, Robert George William. "Reliable animals, responsible scientists : constructing standard laboratory animals in Britain c.1919-1976." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445731/.

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This thesis explores the attempt to construct a national supply of standard laboratory- animals in Britain between 1919 and 1976. The demand for a national supply of standard laboratory-animals is located in the formation during the interwar period of the discipline of biological standardization. In contrast to other disciplines within the sciences biological standardization placed great emphasis upon the routine replication of experimental results. In consequence the field of biological standardization problematized the laboratory-animal and sought its standardization in order to construct it as a reliable diagnostic tool. In 1947 the Medical Research Council responded to pressure from an unprecedented coalition of scientific societies and established the Laboratory Animals Bureau tasked with regulating the British laboratory-animal production toward producing standard laboratory-animals. The work of the Laboratory Animal Bureau is analysed but the main focus of the thesis is upon the relationship between the practices of standardization and the promotion of the welfare of laboratory-animals. Particularly after the close of the Second World War the project to standardize laboratory-animals became increasingly associated with the promotion of their welfare. The relationship between the two was made explicit through the work of the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare in collaboration with the Laboratory Animals Bureau. In order to understand the relationship between standardization and welfare Michel Foucault's concept of biopower is employed. It is subsequently argued that the analytics of biopower need not be restricted to human life but equally encompasses non-human life. Through the Foucaultian perspective of biopower it is argued that standardization and welfare are two poles of the same biopolitical process.

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7

Lazenby, Billie Theresa. "Do feral cats affect small animals? : a case study from the forests of southern Tasmania." Phd thesis, School of Biological Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9990.

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8

Shapiro, Amanda June. "Australian companion animals and Coxiella burnetii (Q fever)." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15780.

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Introduction: Outbreaks of Q fever, an emerging worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, were associated with periparturient companion animals in veterinary hospitals in Australia. These outbreaks initiated feline and canine seroprevalence studies, a national cat breeder survey, a molecular study looking for C. burnetii within food sources, and a canine vector-borne diseases study in dogs from Aboriginal communities, with the aim of increasing our understanding of the epidemiology of C. burnetii infection in companion animals. Method: Seroprevalence studies evaluated three methodologies; indirect immunofluorescence assay, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and complement fixation testing. The Q fever cat breeder survey recruited registered cat breeders to determine their knowledge, attitudes and practices. The molecular study utilised real-time PCR to screen raw meat (n=59) intended for pet consumption containing kangaroo (n=55) and non-kangaroo tissues (n=4). Results: Seroprevalence was highest in cattery-confined breeding cats (9.3%) and in dogs from Aboriginal communities (6.5%). A significant Q fever knowledge gap was present amongst cat breeders, with potential associations between risky husbandry practices and Q fever transmission. C. burnetii DNA was detected in 64% of samples, all of kangaroo origin, with sequence confirmation and genotyping of three Australian strains isolated from human Q fever patients. Anaemia and thrombocytopenia the most common haematological abnormalities in dogs from Aboriginal communities were likely attributable to Anaplasma platys and Babesia vogeli infections, but also affected by nutritional, parasitic and other environmental stressors. Conclusion: Australian cats and dogs have been exposed to C. burnetii; reproducing infected animals pose a potential public health threat to those present at parturition. A comprehensive risk assessment of novel sources of C. burnetii infection for companion animals and humans is required.

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9

Agarwal, Rajat. "A model for minimizing cost for housing laboratory mice." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0001241.

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10

Delpire, Veronique Charline. "Ethical schemes for the use of transgenic laboratory animals." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324118.

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11

Carrillo, Martha. "Studies on protective immunity to toxocara canis in laboratory animals /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487671108307319.

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12

White, Joanna D. "Investigations into feline chronic kidney disease." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28931.

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is arguably the most common disease of older cats. A disproportionate number of younger, male cats with CKD was identified among a cohort of cats with CKD and was hypothesised to be due to membranous glomerulopathy or an FIV associated nephropathy. Examination of epidemiologic, histologic, immunohistologic and survival data revealed an association between the presence of CKD and FIV infection among young cats and an adverse effect of FIV infection on survival among cats with CKD, but no specific histological changes were seen among FIV positive cats. Glomerulopathies were identified among 16% of cats with CKD but more female than male cats were diagnosed with glomerulopathies and proliferative rather than membranous glomerulopathies were diagnosed more commonly. ' While glomerulopathies are the cause of CKD in a proportion of cats, membranous glomerulopathy is unlikely to be the predominant glomerulopathy and more work is required to define the both the pathophysiology and histology of feline glomerulopathies. A novel familial glomerulopathy was identified among young Abyssinian cats which was characterised by the presence of haematuria. Ultrastructural and immunhistochemical studies will be required to further characterise these glomerulopathies. Routine histologic examination of 95 cats with kidney disease confirmed the results of earlier studies regarding the proportions of cats with CKD with glomerulopathies, chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) and pyelonephritis. A new observation was the significant number of cats had pathologic changes in the inner medulla and renal crest including necrosis and epithelial dysplasia. Bacteriuria was common among cats with CKD, in particular among older, female cats. There was no association between a positive urine culture and disease severity, assessed by creatinine concentration, and a treated episode of bacteriuria had no adverse influence on survival. Bacteria were infrequently identified in cats with neutrophilic TIN, including cats with a histologic diagnosis consistent with pyelonephritis. Further work is required to distinguish cats with asymptomatic bacteriuria from those with urinary tract infections and at risk of pyelonephritis. In addition, causes of neutrophilic TIN other than bacterial infection should be evaluated.

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13

Hall, Melanie J. "Pharmacology of the GLP-1 Analog Liraglutide in Healthy Cats." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405949641.

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14

Gunn, Deborah. "Evaluation on welfare in the husbandry of laboratory rabbits." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391022.

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15

Bucher, Benoit Cyril Albert. "Underlying mechanisms and evolutionary roots of prosocial behaviors in non-human animals." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/254500.

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16

Neuenschwander, Stefan. "Structural and functional genomics in farm animals : a laboratory view point /." Zürich : ETH, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Departement der Agrar- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften, Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, Gruppe Züchtungsbiologie, 2001. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=habil&nr=15.

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17

Hamaguchi, Satoshi. "Laboratory animals developed and established in Japan : The Ninth Medaka Symposium." Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Stocks Bioscience Center Nagoya University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/13816.

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18

Wang, Jian Ping. "Health effects of chronic arsenic toxicity in humans and laboratory animals /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16894.pdf.

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19

McKinley, Jean. "Training in a laboratory environment : methods, effectiveness and welfare implications for two species of primate." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/23412.

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The use of Positive Reinforcement Training (PRT) for co-operation during routine husbandry and laboratory procedures is widely advocated as a means of promoting the welfare of nonhuman primates. However, while research originating in US zoos provide qualitative descriptions of how PRT may be used in the training of a wide variety of species, quantitative data and evidence to support the view that PRT reduces stress predominately comes from laboratory studies of primates whose training may have used other methods. Despite official guidelines, training is rarely carried out in the UK and the educational and wider organisational structures concerning training, present in the US are largely absent. The techniques used in the UK were assessed through detailed observations recorded when four stump-tailed macaques were trained to co-operate during venipuncture. Data recorded during training sessions showed that although food rewards were given, their delivery was slow and inconsistent. A certain amount of coercion was used which violates a principle of PRT which states that co-operation should be voluntary. The macaques showed increasing resistance to the process and a mild but detrimental effect on the subsequent behaviour of the study animals. When training resumed 18 months later there were considerable improvements in the techniques used. The macaques showed a greater willingness to participate and there were no significant changes in their behaviour when training days were compared to those when training did not take place. The behaviour of the macaques during venipuncture was judged to be arising from engineered compliance rather than voluntary co-operation. However, it was concluded that the technique observed, if carried out correctly, was a reasonable compromise between forced restraint and voluntary co-operation given the paucity of evidence showing the effectiveness of PRT for invasive procedures. However, it was also concluded that the use of coercion should be recognised and provide a focus for future refinement. The effectiveness and welfare implications ofPRT was assessed through the training of common marmosets to target and allow in-homecage weighing and to provide urine samples. It was found that the trained animals perfonned reliably and that time invested in training could be recouped through faster data collection. Following a period of training or increased positive contact with humans, observations of marmoset behaviour showed a decrease in stress related behaviours and an increase in allogrooming supporting the view that improved relations with humans had a beneficial effect. Following exposure to a mild stressor, trained marmosets showed no elevation in levels of urinary cortisol or stress related behaviours. Untrained animals showed increased levels of locomoting and selfscratching following exposure to the same stressor. It was concluded that PRT successfully reduced the stress associated with the presence of, and manipulation by, humans. Final recommendations were that training can promote the welfare of nonhuman primates and should be used in UK laboratories to a greater extent than is currently the case. However, the lack of educational opportunities for animal trainers in the UK needs to be addressed. It was also recommended that in light of the growing evidence showing the benefits that can arise from training and good relations with humans, the zero-handling policy practiced in many UK zoos should be reassessed.

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20

Cober, Richard E. "Effects of Ivabradine, A New Selective If Current Inhibitor, on Heart Rate in Cats." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1272998433.

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21

DeClue, Amy E. "Ketamine immunomodulation during endotoxemia." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6276.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. "August 2007" Includes bibliographical references.

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22

Fukimoto, Naila Maui. "Personality and faecal cortisol metabolites levels of domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47132/tde-01112018-115004/.

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The study of cat personality and behaviour can help minimize potential problems in the relationship between cats and their tutors and decrease relinquishment or maltreatment. Personality in animals is a promising area dedicated to studying characteristics of individuals that describe and account for temporally stable patterns of affection, cognition and behaviour traits. In general, people adopt cats according to their appearance, age or sex. Personality assessments can promote successful adoptions by identifying ideal animals for potential tutors. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) has implemented a program called Meet Your Match® (MYM) which assesses the personality of shelter cats and the life style of adopters. With a better match between cat and tutor, the rate of animals being returned to shelters tend to decrease and cats welfare and adaptation in new homes tend to improve. To evaluate physiological stress and personality dimension, faecal cortisol metabolites (FCM) levels were measured and a modified MYM protocol was applied in two localities: a shelter and the tutors home. Our main goals were: 1) verifying the validity of personality dimensions used in a modified MYM assessment in a Brazilian cat shelter sample through an exploratory study of the psychometric properties of the protocol, as well as an exploratory factor and a cluster analysis; 2) verifying the correlation between personality and faecal cortisol levels; 3) checking if MYM assessment is consistent through change of localities; and 4) finding out how moving from the shelter to the tutors home affects faecal cortisol metabolites levels. We found evidence of validity of the modified MYM assessment based on internal structure to personality dimensions in this sample, although it presented a factorial structure that differs from the original assessment. No correlation was found between personality dimensions and FCM levels, corroborating the literature. There was a slight decrease of FCM levels in homes, but most subjects maintained their FCM levels, showing that cats can cope with stress in both environments the shelters and the tutors home. MYM personality assessment was consistent throughout the change of localities, which indicates that it is a good instrument to assess cat personality
O estudo sobre comportamento e personalidade dos gatos pode ajudar a minimizar possíveis problemas na relação entre gatos e seus tutores e diminuir o abandono e os maus tratos. A personalidade em animais é uma área promissora, que estuda características dos indivíduos que descrevem e representam padrões temporais estáveis de afeto, cognição e comportamento. Em geral, as pessoas adotam um gato de acordo com a aparência, idade ou sexo do animal. As avaliações de personalidade podem promover adoções bem-sucedidas, identificando animais ideais para potenciais tutores. A American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) implementou um programa chamado Meet Your Match® (MYM), que avalia a personalidade dos gatos e o estilo de vida de futuros tutores. Com uma melhor combinação entre gato e tutor, a taxa de devolução desses animais para abrigos pode diminuir e o bem-estar e a adaptação em novas residências tendem a melhorar. Para avaliar o estresse fisiológico e as dimensões da personalidade, metabólitos fecais de cortisol (MFC) foram medidos e a avaliação MYM foi aplicada em duas localidades: um abrigo e a residência do tutor. Nossos principais objetivos foram: 1) verificar a validade das dimensões de personalidade utilizadas na avaliação do MYM em uma amostra de abrigo brasileiro, por meio de um estudo exploratório das propriedades psicométricas do protocolo, uma análise de fator exploratório e uma análise de cluster; 2) verificar a correlação entre os tipos de personalidade e o cortisol fecal; 3) verificar se a avaliação do MYM foi consistente após mudança de localidades (abrigo e casa); e 4) verificar como a mudança do abrigo para a casa do tutor afeta os níveis de cortisol fecal. Encontramos evidências de validade da avaliação MYM modificada, baseadas na estrutura interna das dimensões da personalidade nesta amostra, embora a estrutura fatorial tenha sido diferente da avaliação original. Não foi encontrada correlação entre as dimensões de personalidade e os níveis de MFC, corroborando a literatura. Houve uma discreta diminuição dos níveis de MFC nas casas, mas a maioria dos indivíduos manteve seus níveis de MFC, mostrando que os gatos lidam bem com o estresse nos dois ambientes o abrigo e a casa do tutor. A avaliação de personalidade do MYM foi consistente na mudança de localidades, o que indica que ela é um bom instrumento para avaliar a personalidade de gatos

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23

Stoodley, Marcus A. "Pathophysiology of Syringomyelia /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs882.pdf.

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24

Burt, John Michael. "Birdsong communication and perception : field and laboratory studies /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9129.

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25

Egmar, Ann-Charlotte. "Katten också! : exponering för pälsdjur och dess konsekvenser för pälsdjursallergiska barn /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-518-6/.

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26

Connolly, Ashley Rex. "Cytokine gene expression in a rat model of polyarthritis /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc75238.pdf.

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27

Goodnight, Michelle E. "Assessment of Microcirculatory Perfusion in Healthy Anesthetized Cats Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy Using Sidestream Dark Field Microscopy." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306898964.

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28

Vetter, Courtney Suzanne. "Time-course of elevated ethanol intake in adolescent relative to adult rats under continuous, voluntary-access conditions." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.

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29

Aho, Ida. "Cats’ nine lives : European Union legislation on the trade of endangered animals and its effects on animal welfare." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-450345.

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The issues raised in this thesis concern the adverse effects of EU's wildlife trade regulations, mainly the unequal treatment of captive and wild-born endangered animals. The nature of these regulations is analyzed from an animal law perspective. The purpose of the analysis is to determine whether the regulations are anthropocentric and, if so, what issues arise from it. Previous research has studied the legal personhood of animals in relation to animal welfare. This thesis continues that discussion by examining legal animal rights as a potential solution to the issues of wildlife trade. The analysis is pragmatic and employs a non-formalistic view of law. Consequentially, it uses a doctrinal and legal philosophical approach, meaning that sources outside of law are integral to the discussion. The results of the analysis show that EU’s wildlife trade regulations are anthropocentric and that this has led to severe issues regarding the welfare of endangered animals. In addition, the practical enforcement of the regulations has proven defective. Legal rights for animals seem to provide a viable solution to these issues, yet their practical implementation is complicated. The reasons for this are primarily financial and opinion-based. Therefore, a step-by-step approach, starting with limited fundamental rights and resulting in full legal personhood for animals, is recommended for this approach to be successful.

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30

Gao, Jing, and 高晶. "Roles of VAD1.3 in spermatogenesis and fertilization." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4852170X.

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　　Vad1.3 is an evolutionarily-conserved, testis-specific gene identified from a retinol-treated Vitamin A-deficiency (VAD) rat model. VAD1.3 is expressed throughout spermiogenesis at the acrosome of spermatids and epididymal spermatozoa, suggesting a role in acrosome biogenesis or acrosome reaction. The present study aimed to explore the functional role of VAD1.3 in spermatogenesis and sperm functions by the cellular and gene-knockout approaches. 　　Double immunofluorescent microscopy confirmed the co-localization of VAD1.3 and syntaxin 1 in mouse spermatids and spermatozoa. Deletion analysis of the Vad1.3 gene in transfected mouse spermatocyte GC2-spd and human cervical cancer HeLa cells revealed a polarized peri-nuclear/Golgi expression pattern for the N-terminal GFP-VAD fusion proteins which contain a bipartite nucleus localization (BNL) motif, but a nuclear expression pattern for the C-terminal GFP-VAD. The N-terminal sequences of VAD1.3 mediated its interaction with syntaxin 1, as demonstrated by both co-localization and co-immunoprecipitation studies. The full-length GFP-VAD co-localized with the Golgi markers and was redistributed into the endoplasmic reticulum after brefeldin A treatment, suggesting that VAD1.3 was recruited through the ER-Golgi-acrosome pathway. 　　Vad1.3+/- mice was previously generated by the conventional knockout approach. The heterozygous mice had normal spermatogenesis during postnatal days and adulthood (6-8 weeks). At the age of 8-19 months, 6 out of 17 heterozygous mice but no wild-type exhibited a decrease in the epididymal sperm count and testicular weight (p < 0.05). Histological analyses unveiled disarrangement of the seminiferous epithelium and sloughing of germ cells, predominantly spermatids, which was mediated partially by apoptosis as a higher percentage of TUNEL-positive cells were detected in these heterozygous mice (p < 0.05). This phenotype was associated with a decrease in the mRNA (p < 0.05) and protein levels of VAD1.3 in the testis. 　　Crossing of the Vad1.3+/- mice produced wild-type and heterozygous offspring in a ratio of 1:3, but no Vad1.3-/- mice were found. There was no significant difference between the heterozygous intercrosses and the wild-type intercrosses in the number of oocytes ovulated, the developmental rate of embryos from zygotes to blastocysts, the number of implantation site, resorption site or the offspring could result from defective fertilization between Vad1.3 null gametes rather than developmental lethality. The role of VAD1.3 in fertilization was supported by the inhibitory effects of the anti-VAD1.3 antibody on in vitro fertilization and progesterone-induced acrosome reaction. Immuno-staining revealed that VAD1.3 was present in the acrosome-intact spermatozoa but not in acrosome-reacted spermatozoa, indicating a role of VAD1.3 in ZP-binding or acrosome reaction rather than sperm-egg fusion. In oocytes VAD1.3 was distributed in the cytoplasm near the cortex. litter size. Only a few Vad1.3-/- embryos were found at the zygotic (3.7%) and 2-cell (3%) stages in the heterozygous intercrosses. These findings suggested that the absence of the Vad1.3-/- 　　In sum, VAD1.3 may play important roles in fertilization and spermatogenesis in mice. The BNL motif of VAD1.3 directs its Golgi expression and the N-terminal sequence of the protein mediates its interaction with syntaxin 1. The use of tissue-specific knockout approach may help to answer the functional role of VAD1.3 in future.
published_or_final_version
Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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31

Draper, Adrian. "Gene & environmental interactions in sensitization to laboratory animals and other epidemiological aspects of laboratory animal allergy in the United Kingdom." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519616.

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32

Tasker, Louisa. "Linking welfare and quality of scientific output in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) used for regulatory toxicology." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/9801.

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Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are the most commonly used non-human primate for research and testing in Europe. Their principal use is in preclinical safety testing of new pharmaceuticals to assess risk of adverse effects, as indicated by changes in a core battery of physiological measures before human exposure. Regulatory studies are strictly controlled through legislation and codes of practices underpinned by the principles of humane science, the 3Rs; Replacement, Reduction and Refinement. Despite the link between good welfare and good science now universally made in codes of practice, legislation and the literature, there are few studies aimed at systematically examining the link and almost no quantitative data from cynomolgus macaques used for toxicology. The main aim of this thesis was to examine the link between Refinement, animal welfare and scientific output for this important animal model, piggy-backing on regulatory studies conducted by a large contract research organisation. In the laboratory, animal welfare is formally considered in terms of Refinement which has evolved to include both the reduction of negative welfare states and the proactive enhancement of positive welfare over the animal’s lifetime. A multidisciplinary approach to welfare assessment including measures of behaviour, physiology and physical health, and which built upon current unit procedures was undertaken to produce an overall assessment of welfare in cynomolgus macaques. Macaque facial expressions, vocalisations, activity and position in the home cage, body weight change, body condition and alopecia scores were found to be reliable indicators of welfare state and would be most feasible for care staff to monitor. The concept of quality of scientific output was defined in relation to toxicological findings and includes sensitivity, reliability and repeatability of individual measures in the core battery (e.g. heart rate, blood pressure, haematology, clinical chemistry and organ weights). The link between welfare and quality of scientific output was then systematically explored with Refinements to macaque use in regulatory studies. The first, a data mining study, undertaken to quantify the effects on biological data recorded from cynomolgus macaques, used in regulatory studies over an eight-year period as the CASE sponsor transitioned from single to permanent group housing, found the effects to be highly variable on individual parameters in the core battery and in some instances welfare-positive effects of group housing were confounded by concurrent changes in standard operating procedures. A further study of planned Refinements to macaque-care staff interaction through enhanced socialisation was found to help animals cope better with husbandry and scientific procedures and enhance quality of cardiovascular measures recorded at baseline. In light of these findings a number of recommendations are made including a framework of terms useful for measuring quality of scientific output, a welfare assessment framework and Refinements to husbandry and scientific procedures for cynomolgus macaques used in regulatory toxicology. Because of their capacity to suffer it is both ethically and scientifically important that macaque welfare is maximised and their use results in valid and reliable experimental outcomes informing on the safety and efficacy of new pharmaceuticals prior to human exposure.

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33

Augustsson, Hanna. "Ethoexperimental studies of behaviour in wild and laboratory mice : risk assessment, emotional reactivity and animal welfare /." Uppsala : Dept. of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/v174.pdf.

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34

Dodridge, M. E. "The effects of variable dose methotrexate infusion in the laboratory rat /." Title page, contents and precis only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dmd641.pdf.

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35

周燕華 and Yin-wah Eva Chow. "A study of spontaneously developing malignant lymphoma in SJL/N mice by immunoenzymatic methods." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31969549.

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36

Chow, Yin-wah Eva. "A study of spontaneously developing malignant lymphoma in SJL/N mice by immunoenzymatic methods." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12324541.

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37

Moeller, Gudrun U. "Eye movements in natural habitat and under laboratory conditions and their influence on activity in visual cortex in cats /." Zürich, 2005. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=16396.

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38

Fellows, Matthew R. "Spatiotemporal tuning for position and velocity in primate primary motor cortex neurons /." View online version; access limited to Brown University users, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3174598.

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39

Wickens, Nicolas John. "Histopathological changes in male wistar rats maintained on a water-based sutherlandia frutescens extract." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4742.

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In this study a standardized 46 week chronic drinking water toxicity protocol was used to elucidate the toxic potential of Sutherlandia frutescens (S. frutescens) using histopathologic, morphometric and transmission electron microscopic analysis. The histopathologic changes in the duodenum, heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas and spleen of male Wistar rats were evaluated. Fifty-four rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1 – Normal diet control (ND control), n=7, Group 2 – Normal diet + plant extract (ND + p), n=9, Group 3 – High fat diet control (HFD control), n=19Group 4 – High fat diet + p (HFD + p), n=19In the high fat group male Wistar rats were fed ±55 g/day of a specialised high fat diet over a 46 week period to induce obesity and an insulin resistant state. The treatment groups (groups 2 and 4) received a dose concentration of a tea extract of the S. frutescens plant in their drinking water daily. This study showed that the consumption of S. frutescens significantly reduces weight gain in male Wistar rats on a chronic high fat diet (p≤0.001 vs. HFD control group). S. frutescens appears to propagate periportal and centrilobular glycogen storage in rat hepatocytes in the experimental groups as exemplified by a significantly (p≤0.0001 vs. control groups) increased incidences of Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) positive staining S. frutescens also reduced intracellular lipid accumulation as made evident by the significantly lower incidence of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), hepatic steatosis and pancreatic interstitial fat. Obesity was associated with increased fibrotic lesions such as myocardial perivascular fibrosis, centrilobular hepatic fibrosis and pancreatic periductal fibrosis. Obesity associated hypertension contributed to the widespread and significant increase in the average lesion severity of arterial congestion in all organs in the HFD control group. Pulmonary infection was equally prevalent in all rats. Despite the complex histopathology in all groups, differences in the control groups, such as, the presence of a conservative polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) infiltration, substantial intra-alveolar oedema and focal arterial wall hypertrophy in the control groups was highly suggestive of Sendai viral infection. However histopathologic evidence, in the treatment groups, suggested chronic recurrent viral infection with superimposed Mycoplasma pulmonis (M. pulmonis) bacterial infection. The impact of advanced suppurative pulmonary infection was widespread and exemplified by increased lesion incidences of spontaneous murine progressive cardiomyopathy (MCP) and spontaneous chronic progressive nephropathy (CPN) among others. In conclusion S. frutescens administered for 46 weeks to male Wistar rats significantly lowered intracellular lipid accumulation and obesity associated myocardial, renal, hepatobiliary, pulmonary and pancreatic histopathology. Moreover, duodenal, cardiovascular, hepatobiliary, pulmonary, renal, pancreatic and splenic tissue did not show histopathologic evidence of direct plant extract associated toxicity or carcinogenicity.

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40

Hsu, Charlie Chun. "Isolation, characterization, and diagnosis of murine noroviruses, a newly recognized pathogen of mice." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4790.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
"December 2007" The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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41

Brown, Steven J. "Immunological studies of a glycosylation based mouse model of colitis /." Connect to thesis, 2004. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000788.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Melbourne, Dept. of Gastroenterology and the Immunology Research Centre St. Vincents Hospital & Dept of Medicine, 2004.
Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 309-343).

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42

歐穗欣 and Sui-yan Au. "Characterization of the mouse myosin va cargo-binding domain." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31227107.

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43

Gao, Jing, and 高晶. "Effect of acupuncture on the spermatogenesis of heat-treated rodent testis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41291001.

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44

Al, Jothery Aqeel Handil Tarish. "Lactation and oxidative stress in small mammals." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=215095.

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During peak lactation female mammals reach a limit in their maximal sustained energy intake (SusEI). The causes of such limits is disputed. In this thesis, I examined the causes of the limits on SusEI at peak lactation, and then explored the consequences of such limits for reproductive performance. Finally I tested a possible physiological mechanism that may underpin the trade-off between reproduction and somatic protection (the oxidative stress theory). To answer these questions, I studied reproductive performance and oxidative stress in two lines of mice previously selected for high and low food intake (MH and ML, respectively). I found that these mice reached a plateau in their food intake around day 13 of lactation. In support of the heat dissipation limits theory, reproductive performance in the MH mice was significantly higher than that of the ML mice. Oxidative damage is expected to be higher among lactating individuals. Moreover, lactating mice with greater reproductive performance are also predicted to experience more oxidative damage. By measuring multiple-markers of oxidative damage and protection in different tissues, I found that lactation resulted in reduced oxidative damage in both brain and serum. Additionally, it did not increase oxidative damage to proteins and DNA in liver. Moreover, multiple measures of oxidative stress in the mammary gland were not significantly different between mice with different reproductive effort. Furthermore, I found that lactating mice with greater reproductive performance (litter size and litter mass) had reduced protein damage in their livers and upregulated protection (HSP70) in their brains. These results were inconsistent with the oxidative stress theory. Finally, I employed a novel approach to assess oxidative stress differences with metabolomics analysis. I found that lactation resulted in significant differences in the metabolome. By focusing on the metabolites that are related to vi oxidative stress, I found that most of these metabolites measured in livers and brains were not affected by lactation which provides more evidence against the oxidative stress theory. My results provide support for the heat dissipation theory as a mechanism explaining the limits on reproductive performance. Moreover it provides comprehensive information against oxidative stress as a mediator of life history trade-offs.

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45

Ali, Cairo F. "Animal rights and animal research." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371556393.

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46

Gao, Jing. "Effect of acupuncture on the spermatogenesis of heat-treated rodent testis." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41291001.

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47

Bonaventura, Leeann R. "Ontogeny of circadian and diurnal rhythms effects of light pulses on ultrasonic vocalizations, locomotor activity and Fos/pCREB expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and intergeniculate leaflet of the neonatal rat /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.

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48

Humm, Jennifer Leigh. "Behavior-dependent neural events and adult neurogenesis : contributions to recovery of motor function after cortical injury /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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49

Chung, Yee-ling Elaine. "A study on the effects of Angelica Sinensis on gastric ulcer healing in rats." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23295120.

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50

Filipovska-Naumovska, Emilija. "Development of methods for detection and eradication of mouse parvovirus from a laboratory mouse colony." Thesis, Filipovska-Naumovska, Emilija (2007) Development of methods for detection and eradication of mouse parvovirus from a laboratory mouse colony. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/676/.

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The mouse parvovirus designated MPV can infect laboratory mice and affect the humoral and cellular immune response of infected mice, reducing their value for biomedical and medical research. The development and maintenance of MPV-free mouse colonies for biomedical research is therefore essential and requires routine monitoring of the infection status of mice, using serological surveillance procedures. Recent experience in the Animal Resources Centre (ARC), a major supplier of mice to the medical research community in Australia, was that MPV infection was present but was not detectable with the serological tests that were then in routine use. This thesis reports the development of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of the MPV in the ARC mouse colonies, the genetic characteristics of the strain of MPV detected, the development of a recombinant virus protein that provided a suitable antigen for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a Western immunoblot (WIB) assay for the detection of MPV antibodies, and use of these various assays to determine aspects of the epidemiology and pathogenicity of the infection that were critical to the eradication of virus infection and future immunological surveillance to ensure the absence of infection. The recombinant protein produced as an antigen was a biotinylated fusion protein, a truncated capsid protein of the strain of MPV detected in the ARC, and was produced using the PinpointTM vector and with expression in Escherichia coli. The protein was produced as an insoluble intracellular product within inclusion bodies and was solubilised using urea and purified. The purified protein was utilised as an antigen for ELISA and the WIB assays to detect virus antibody in infected mice. The outbreak of MPV infection in the ARC was used as an unique opportunity for assessment of the seroprevalence of MPV-1 infection in a large laboratory mouse colony and to utilise this data to determine the sampling size needed to reliably detect MPV-1 infection within such large laboratory mouse colonies. An overall seroprevalence of 16.5% was detected using the developed serological tests, but considerable variation in prevalence was detected in different mouse strains. The response to MPV infection of 4 different but common strains of mice was determined as a basis for developing appropriate surveillance procedures and the selection of appropriate sentinel animals. The effect of infection of these strains at different ages was also investigated. Virus replication was detected in tissues of all the mice strains infected (outbred ARC(s) and inbred C57BL/6JArc, BALB/c and BALB/c-Foxn1nu/Arc) as juveniles and adults, with the exception of C57BL/6JArc inoculated as adults. However, while seroconversion in mice inoculated as juveniles and adults was detected in ARC(s) and C57BL/6JArc mice, it was not detected in BALB/c mice. The high rate of seroconversion to MPV, the early and prolonged development of an immune response, and the lack of age differences in their susceptibility indicated that ARC(s) mice would provide reliable sentinels for the detection of MPV. The genomic nucleotide sequence of the ARC strain, excluding the terminal palindromic regions and the predicted amino acid sequences of the non-structural and structural proteins was determined. This strain was very similar (98-99% nucleotide identity) to the previously described MPV strains MPV-1a, MPV-1b and MPV -1c. The similarity suggested there were unlikely to be significant antigenic differences in the proteins of the ARC strain and those strains of MPV reported previously.

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