Дисертації з теми "Catalyseur de surface"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Catalyseur de surface".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Muller, Sébastien. "Caractérisation de catalyseurs deNOx et deN2O par modélisation LSER (Linear Solvation Energy Relationship) : étude structure-propriétés." Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ048S.
Повний текст джерелаThis study presents the characterisation of deNOx and deN2O catalysts in terms of structure-properties relationship in order to understand the different interactions involved between catalysts and gaseous species present in the system and to contribute to the formulation of these materials. The LSER modelisation (Linear Solvation Energy Relationship) allows us to prove the interactions involve during the adsorption process of compounds at the surface. The evolution of the catalyst’s surface after different treatments is following by the LSER approach. The comparison of the affinity proves the differences observed in the LSER equations: especially the polarity, basicity and acidity terms, implicated in aromatics, alcohol and water adsorption. This method shows differences between different steps in the processes of NOx and N2O elimination (as the strong adsorption of reducers on the catalyst for the coal-deNOx, whereas the same effect involves weaker performances in the case of the deN2O. The LSER method which consists in a thermodynamic approach, is a new useful technique for the understanding of the phenomenon involved in the deNOx and deN2O catalysis processes. It also demonstrates that the adsorption processes are not so important in the catalysts performances
Théodet, Manuel. "Nouvelle génération de précurseurs "bulk" de catalyseur d'hydrodésulfuration synthétisés en milieu fluides supercritique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00559113.
Повний текст джерелаCalmettes, Stéphanie. "Conception d'un catalyseur par greffage d'un complexe de ruthénium en milieu confiné ; Application à l'oxydation sélective." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00292814.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Kun. "Mesostructured porous materials : Pore and surface engineering towards bio-inspired synthesis of heterogeneous copper catalysts." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00310153.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Mansour Abdellah. "Chimie organométallique de surface sur métaux étude de la préparation de catalyseurs bimétalliques par réaction de Sn(Bu) avec le catalyseur Rh/SiO sous différents états d'oxydation." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375994230.
Повний текст джерелаMansour, Abdellah El. "Chimie organométallique de surface sur métaux : étude de la préparation de catalyseurs bimétalliques par réaction de Sn(Bu)4 avec le catalyseur Rh-SiO2 sous différents états d'oxydation." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO11713.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Mouahid Souad. "Hydrogénation de liaisons C=C en solution aqueuse de différentes compositions sous contrôle du potentiel du catalyseur au platine." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2352.
Повний текст джерелаSalameh, Alain. "Compréhension moléculaire du catalyseur de métathèse des oléfines Re2O7/Al2O3 "Site actif, initiation et désactivation" par Chimie Organométallique de Surface." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10221.
Повний текст джерелаGrafting CH3ReO3 on γ-Al2O3 leads to the formation of several surface species : some resulting from coordination of the oxo ligands onto Lewis acid sites and some resulting from the C-H activation of the methyl group of CH3ReO3 on the defect sites of alumina. Cross-metathesis experiments have shown that only 14% of the total Re was active and that the active species was originating from [AlsCH2ReO3]. This species corresponds to the resting state of the catalyst. Moreover, propene metathesis in a flow reactor has shown that CH3ReO3/Al2O3 is highly active, but deactivates rapidly with time. Additionally, contact time studies have infered that the active sites of CH3ReO3/Al2O3 are "Z selective". In contrast to CH3ReO3/Al2O3, the carbene is formed in situ for Re2O7/Al2O3, and results from the reaction of the olefin and an oxo ligand, probably through a pseudo-Witting reaction. Kinetics studies in a flow reactor have shown that the active sites of Re2O7/Al2O3 are also "Z selective"
Mougin, Pascal. "Diffusion et réaction catalytique à l'interface d'un objet fractal en deux dimensions : le peigne du diable." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1996_MOUGIN_P.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаIdriss, Hicham. "Etude des especes de surface sur catalyseurs cu-zn dans la synthese du methanol." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13071.
Повний текст джерелаDelgado, Marco. "Complexes d'hafnium supportés sur γ-alumine : synthèse, caractérisation et application en polymérisation des oléfines". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10025.
Повний текст джерелаNew well-defined hafnium alkyl and hydrid complexes supported on γ-alumina dehydroxylatedt at 500°C, γ-Al2O3-(500°C), have been prepared. The structure of the surface complexes obtained by grafting Hf(CH2tBu)4, 1, on γ-alumina has been resolved by a combined experimental (mass balance analysis, labeling, in situ IR, NMR) and theoretical (DFT calculations) study. Thermolysis, oxidation and hydrogenolysis reactions have unambiguously proved the presence of two kinds of neopentyl-metal bonds: Hf-CH2tBu and Al-CH2tBu. Three coexisting surface complexes have been fully characterized and quantified: a monoaluminoxy- [(≡AlIVO)Hf(CH2tBu)3], a neutral bisaluminoxy [(≡AlIVO)(AlsO)Hf(CH2tBu)2], and a zwitterionic bisaluminoxy complex [(≡AlIVO) (AlsO)Hf(CH2tBu)2]+[(CH2tBu)Als]- in 40 %, 26 %, and 34 %, respectively. Hydrogenolysis reaction of these complexes leads to the formation at 150°C of [(AlsO)3HfH], (70-80%) and [(≡AlIVO)(AlsO)Hf(H)]+[(CH2tBu)Als]- (20-30%). All these hafnium alkyl and hydrides are active in α-olefin polymerization in absence of a co-catalyst
Bouaouli, Samira. "Etude théorique des mécanismes de transfert de chaînes organiques (alkyle et alcoolate) entre le catalyseur à cuivre et la source organométallique (Si, Zn, Li)." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066263/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis we propose a theoritical study for transmetallation reactions between copper (I) complexes and those of three metals of the main group: Si, Zn and Li. Determination of reaction pathways of the exchange process was conducted in using several approaches to the localization of the structures of reaction intermediates or transition states. When the transferred ligand is an alcoolate chain, these structures are easily obtained using conventional methods of search of minima and transition states, that is chemical intuition. However, this becomes a major difficulty when the transfered ligand is an alkyl chain, for instance the methy transfer between zinc and copper. In order to handle this problem, we turned toward the global search algorithm of minima GSAM, based on the sampling of different topological structures from molecular fragments. This method, that had been successfully applied on atomic cluster or hydration of biological molecules, required adaptations for the study of organomtallic species. Once achieved, this algorithm has proved efficient for the study of reactions of experimental interest. Another transmetalation problem addressed is the determination of ligand transfer mechanism in a bimetallic complex having a weakly coordinating metal cation (Li) and a highly coordinating one (Cu). The electronic rearrangement associated with the transmetallation is determined through a trick which consist in replacing Li by a well coordinating atom such as hydrogen. This method was applied to the study dy of the inversion of configuration mechanism in a lithium allenylcuprate
FINCK, FRANCOISE. "Etude d'un nouveau systeme de depollution des gaz d'echappement automobile : modelisation par les techniques de surface." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13068.
Повний текст джерелаRibourdouille, Yann. "Utilisation des dendrimères en catalyse : Etude de l'impact du dendrimère sur les catalyseurs greffés à sa surface." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/RIBOURDOUILLE_Yann_2004.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDendrimers are highly branched macromolecules very well defined. These molecules possess applications in several scientific fields, including catalysis. The goal of this work is to study the impact of dendrimer onto catalysts immobilized in its periphery and more precisely the impact on the enantioselectivity of a reaction. With this aim in view, we functionalised the periphery of poly(amido)amine and poly(propylene)imine dendrimers with the Pyrphos ligand, which is a chiral diphosphine. The rhodium(I) complexes of these dendrimers were tested in asymmetric hydrogenation catalysis of alkenes. The enantioselectivity of this reaction was found to be independant of the size and type of the dendrimer. A methode of immobilisation of the dendritic rhodium(I) complexes on silica by electrostatic multilayers structures was developed and, immobilized monolayers of dendrimers were tested in asymmetric hydrogenation. The dendritic palladium(II) complexes were used in allylic substitution catalysis. A strong increase of the enantioselectivity as a function of the dendrimer size and a impact of the type of the dendrimer were observed. During the elucidation of this positive dendritic effect on the enantioselectivity, the implication of a bisdiphosphine palladium complex was underlined
Romeo, Michelangelo. "Proprietes des catalyseurs intermetalliques platine-uranium, platine sur oxyde d'uranium et platine-cobalt-oxyde d'uranium sur alumine pour les reactions de rearrangement de squelette des hydrocarbures." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13098.
Повний текст джерелаZyade, Souâd. "Contribution a l'etude des mecanismes de reactions des hydrocarbures sur catalyseurs mono et bimetalliques (pt et pt::(x)co::(1-x)) : correlation avec des taux en residus hydrocarbones et les structures metalliques de surface." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13034.
Повний текст джерелаMessad-Challal, Djouhra. "Production (photo)catalytique de combustibles à partir d'eau, de dioxyde ou de monoxyde de carbone, en surface de minéraux argileux." Orléans, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ORLE0215.
Повний текст джерелаTena, Emmanuel. "Chimie organométallique de surface sur métaux de composés du groupe XIV fonctionnalisés sur des chaînes alkyles : application à l'hydrogénation catalytique de substrats insaturés fonctionnels." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10233.
Повний текст джерелаTainon, Yannick. "Etude par méthodes électrochimiques et spectroscopiques "in situ" de catalyseurs au platine partiellement désactives par adsorption de composés soufres." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2265.
Повний текст джерелаGilis, Natalia. "Enrichissements superficiels sur l’alliage or-argent: Études des compositions chimiques locales par sonde atomique tomographique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/305263.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Medard, Nicolas. "Elaboration par la technique des plasmas froids de nouveaux catalyseurs métallocène supportés par un film polymère." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009643.
Повний текст джерелаLes espèces réactives du plasma de dioxyde de carbone (ions, métastables,...) induisent une modification des propriétés physico-chimiques superficielles du polymère se traduisant principalement par une fonctionnalisation sous forme de groupements oxygénés. Une dégradation superficielle ainsi qu'une cristallisation et une réticulation sont également observées. La fonctionnalisation superficielle sous forme d'acides carboxyliques se produit suivant un mécanisme faisant intervenir les espèces actives CO2 du plasma. L'oxygène atomique (O3P et/ou O1D) créé lors de la décharge plasma apparaît largement responsable du processus de dégradation se caractérisant par l'apparition d'une faible rugosité en surface du matériau ainsi que par la formation de produits de faible masse.
La fixation du catalyseur métallocène (Ind2MCl2) a été réalisée par étapes successives sur le support de polyéthylène traité. L'existence d'une seule espèce catalytique liée à la surface de façon covalente permet la synthèse de polymères de distribution en masse étroite. La réutilisation du catalyseur supporté, sans perte notable d'activité, ni modification des caractéristiques du polymère synthétisé, est également montrée. Une modélisation moléculaire permet de définir la conformation méso comme étant d'un point de vue énergétique la plus stable et ce, de façon d'autant plus marquée que les interactions entre ligands aromatiques augmentent. La nature de la tacticité du polystyrène synthétisé est expliquée par la conformation du catalyseur supporté.
Dauscher, Anne. "Etudes des reactions de rearrangement de squelette des hexanes sur des catalyseurs a base de platine en presence ou non d'interactions metal-support." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13032.
Повний текст джерелаTountian, Dihourahouni. "Hydrogénation électrocatalytique : effet de la conductivité et de la fonctionnalisation du support des nanoagrégats métalliques, utilisation du dioxyde d’étain comme support." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/TOUNTIAN_Dihourahouni_2009.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) is a heterogeneous catalysis in which the nature of the electrode material is of high importance. New composites electrocatalysts (conductor and non-conductor) of palladium nanoparticles supported on tin dioxide were prepared by three different methods for phenol and cyclohexanone ECH. The results presented in this thesis show that the conductivity of the electrode material is an important factor in the ECH process. When the support material is conductor, there is an effective production of chemisorbed hydrogen by simultaneous polarization of all the metallic nanoparticles which contributes to greater efficiency of hydrogenation. Also, the ECH is pH dependent and this dependency is reflected by the variation in molecular species in solution and their adsorption on the electrode. The in situ functionalization of electrode materials by carboxylic acids with different side chains allowed controlling the adsorption step (rate-determining step) and thus modulating the efficiency of hydrogenation. This result opens up promising prospects for selective and enantioselective hydrogenation
Ries, Catherine. "Les développements récents de la chimie du manganèse et de ses dérivés." Strasbourg 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR10494.
Повний текст джерелаLu, Xinnan. "Optimizing vanadium dispersion in mesoporous silicas using different anchoring metal ions for C-C catalytic bond cleavage in lignin degradation." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN070/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe search for practical large-scale, fast, clean and energy saving chemical processes are highly regarded in the frame of a sustainable development, particularly for the most problematic oxidation reactions. Apart from chemical engineering solutions, improving the process using heterogeneous catalysis is one of the most adapted solution. Vanadium being considered the best metal for such kind of reactions, one had to tackle the problem of its high dispersion on a support to minimize its high propensity for leaching and to optimize its stability for practicable, safe and clean uses. In the present thesis, vanadium is supported inside the nanopores of a mesoporous silica of MCM-41 type where the high dispersion is assisted by the presence of anchoring ions such as Al(III), Ti(IV), Zr(IV) and Ce(IV) ions. A large set of V-(Al/Ti/Zr/Ce)-MCM-41 catalysts was prepared according to three different methods of preparation: i) ultra-fast one-pot synthesis protocol using the assistance of microwave, ii) post-synthesis modification using molecular stencil patterning (MSP) technique and iii) partial thermal treatment (PTT) of the organo-silylated support. The catalysts were characterized thoroughly using a panel of physical techniques and, particularly, the blue shift of the optical gap measured from the vanadium charge transfer band known to correlated with the dispersion of the metal. In complement, the stability was tested from metal leaching using methanol as a corrosive solvent while their catalytic reactivity was estimated in the aerobic oxidation of 1,2-diphenyl-2-methoxyethanol. This is a model reaction that simulates the oxidative C-C bond cleavage in lignin, the most difficult and crucial step in the degradation of this biopolymer, then producing in a clean way valuable methoxylated phenoxy propanol units useful for biomass fuels or bio-sourced precursors for fine chemistry. A high throughput screening approach was applied to test this aerobic oxidation reaction running over 96 reactors in parallel at the same temperature and sorting out the best catalysts with the most suitable anchoring ions and metal loading for the highest catalytic efficiency
在可持续发展的背景下,对于清洁高效节能可行的大规模化工过程尤其是存在诸多问题的氧化反应过程的探索倍受瞩目。除化学工程解决方案之外,通过多相催化来改进反应过程也是最可行的途径之一。钒被认为是最适合于催化此类反应的金属之一,其亟待解决的问题是实现钒在载体上的高度分散,并最大限度地降低其浸出倾向,改善其稳定性,从而实现对其安全清洁有效的利用。本文提出将钒负载于MCM-41型六方介孔二氧化硅的纳米孔道中,通过锚定离子如Al(III)、 Ti(IV)、Zr(IV)、Ce(IV)离子的存在促进钒的高度分散和固载。采用三种不同的方法制备了一系列V-(Al/Ti/Zr/Ce)-MCM-41催化剂:1、超快微波一步合成法,2、使用分子复刻版技术改性的后嫁接法,3、对有机硅烷化载体进行部分热处理改性的后嫁接法。通过一系列物理化学技术对合成的催化剂进行了充分表征,特别是对与金属分散度相关的钒的电荷跃迁带的测量和与其对应的光谱带隙蓝移进行了分析。随后,以甲醇作为腐蚀溶剂对合成的钒催化剂进行了金属析出的稳定性测试。通过一种木质素模型化合物1,2-diphenyl-2-methoxyethanol的需氧氧化反应测试了所合成负载型钒催化剂的催化活性。在相同温度及反应条件下,用96通道高通量微反应器技术评价了所制催化剂对该反应的催化性能,筛选出具有最高催化效率的负载型钒催化剂及其最适合的锚定离子。该反应中的碳-碳键裂解反应是木质素降解的最关键也是最困难的步骤之一,可通过这类生物聚合物的降解以清洁的方式生产有用的生物质燃料或生物来源高附加值精细化学品前驱体。
Ma, Jiwei. "Développement de catalyseurs cathodiques nanométriques sélectifs à l'environnement organique pour leur utilisation dans une pile microfluidique." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2274/document.
Повний текст джерелаFuel cells without polymeric membrane such as the microfluidic fuel cells (MFFC) possess very interesting perspectives for low-power energy applications. The study aimed at pursuing the development of nanometric cathodic catalysts and to study their activity, stability and tolerance in a microfluidic system. In the present thesis, the activity, stability and tolerance of Pt-based nanoparticle electrocatalysts were investigated. The effect of the support materials and the influence of surface modification by a second element including 3d transition metal (titanium) and chalcogenide (selenium) were studied. The separation and reduction of the complexity of the interaction between nanoparticles-support and nanoparticles modification by a second element enables to achieve a clear relationship of the structure-activity-stability-tolerance of the supported fuel-cell electrocatalysts. The present experimental results from the effects of the support materials and of the modification of Pt by a second element led to improve activity, stability and tolerance. The developed approach and acquired knowledge about surface property correlation can be further generalized and used in the design of advanced selective electrocatalysts. Furthermore, the synthesized electrocatalysts were used as cathode in an organic microfluidic fuel cell
Fang, Lin. "Surface Engineering of Mesoporous Silica for Ti-Based Epoxidation Catalysts." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENSL0761/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe active sites for epoxydation of alkenes in silica supported titanium catalysts are isolated Ti(IV) ions. The strategy for site isolation consists here to graft titanium isopropoxyde by reaction with surface silanol groups, the density of which is decreased by chemical capping instead of the energy consuming thermal treatment. The molecular stencil patterning technique (MSP) is applied to enforce site isolation. In mesostructured porous silicas, the partly extracted templating surfactant plays the role of a MSP mask during capping. Then, the elimination of the remaining surfactant liberates silanol islands for the grafting of Ti(IV) ions. Quantitative FT-IR and 29Si MAS-NMR studies reveal that the inverse organic stencil made of grafted organosilyls groups is maintained at each synthesis steps. Diffuse reflectance UV spectroscopy in correlation with the catalytic activity in epoxidation of cyclohexene show that these original surfaces favor the formation of a much larger number of isolated mononuclear sites than the unmodified silica surfaces. The demonstration is obtained using a dipodal organosilyl function, 1-2-ethanebis (dimethylsilyl) (EBDMS) that is much more stable than the classic and monopodal, trimethylsilyl (TMS). Besides, it is shown that the inverse organic stencil (from EBDMS or TMS) is stabilized further by thermal treatment while its dispersive effect on titanium can be preserved. The proof relies on a quantitative 29Si solid State NMR study. Finally, a refined description of the grafting mode of titanium was realized by simulation of the UV spectra of a large series of catalysts assuming only 5 different types of species including isolated species and clusters differentiated by the range of sizes
Ayvali, Tugçe. "Rhenium based mono- and bi-metallic nanoparticles : synthesis, characterization and application in catalysis." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30269/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this PhD thesis, the synthesis, characterization and preliminary catalytic application of rhenium based mono- and bi-metallic nanoparticles are reported. Rhenium has been chosen as a primary metal given the knowledge of its positive contribution in terms of catalytic activity and selectivity in the hydrogenation of difficult functional groups. Mono-metallic rhenium nanoparticles were prepared by decomposition of [Re2(C3H5)4]. Rhenium-based bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized by co-decompositions or two-step decomposition of two different rhenium complexes, namely [Re2(CO)10] and [Re2(C3H5)4], with other organometallic complexes such as [Ru(COD)(COT)], [Ru(Me-Allyl)2(COD)], [Pt(CH3)2(COD)] and [Pt(C7H10)3]. By tuning the nature of organometallic complexes and the reaction conditions, rhenium-based bimetallic nanoparticles displaying different morphologies could be quantitatively prepared. The synthesis was carried out in solution under mild pressure of dihydrogen (3 bar) and in the presence of either a polymer (polyvinylpyrolidone) or a weakly coordinating ligand (hexadecylamine) as stabilizing agents. The precise characterization of the so-obtained nanoparticles was performed by using a combination of state-of-the art techniques (WAXS, EXAFS, TEM, HRTEM, STEM-EDX, STEM-HAADF, EA). Surface reactivity studies (norbornene hydrogenation, oxidation and CO adsorption reactions) were also carried out and followed by spectroscopic techniques (NMR, FT-IR) to determine their surface state and apprehend better their interest in catalysis. By this way, useful information could be obtained on their surface chemistry, as following: 1) Hydrides are present on the metallic surface and are very strongly coordinated to rhenium in agreement with rhenium molecular chemistry; 2) CO can substitute hydrides and is also strongly coordinated to the surface of Re but can react further to be substituted, oxidized or dissociated, where the latter is easier on alloy type Re-based bimetallic nanoparticles. 3) Oxidation of pure rhenium and alloy bimetallic ruthenium-rhenium nanoparticles display a zero state core and an oxide shell while core-shell type bimetallic nanoparticles result in amorphous structure. The originality of this work lies on the development of a systematic approach for the preparation of rhenium-based nanoparticles for the first time in the team and in the literature, by applying the organometallic approach largely experienced in the group for other metal systems. This method is well-known as an efficient way to obtain well-controlled nanostructures with clean surfaces, important mainly in catalysis
Capdevielle-Salinier, Valérie. "Préparation de catalyseurs organométalliques de surface du zirconium : application à la transestérification." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10111.
Повний текст джерелаMartin, Dominique. "Mobilité de surface des espèces oxygénées et hydrogénées en catalyse métallique." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2313.
Повний текст джерелаJacobs, Luc. "On the importance of the structure and composition in the catalytic reactivity of Au-Ag catalysts." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/325803.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Doghri, Hanène Kaouther. "Conception des catalyseurs hétérogènes bio-inspirés à base de métaux divalents greffés dans des silices mésoporeuses pour l'activation de CO2." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN032.
Повний текст джерелаBio-inspired diethylenetriamine zinc(II) complexes were anchored into the nanopores of hexagonal mesoporous MCM41-like silicas. A step-by-step approach called “Molecular Stencil Patterning” was adopted to perform an in situ synthesis in order to mimic the zinc finger of the carbonic anhydrase. In the presence of a surface-masking pattern of TMA+ ions, some silanol groups were capped using grafted trimethylsilyl functions. Transition metal complexes have also been anchored in analogy to the metallic site of carbonic anhydrase with a molecular vicinity control comparable to that of materials containing zinc complexes. The interaction of adsorbed CO2 with the active sites of these materials has also been studied. The materials were characterized with a panel of techniques including XRD, elemental analysis, N2-adsorption-desorption, FT-IR, 29Si NMR, XPS and EPR that confirm the integrity of the porous structure and the complexes formation
Bara, Cédric. "Catalyseurs d'hydrotraitement à base de Mo supporté sur alumine : genèse de la phase active et effet de support par une approche science des surfaces." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066332/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this work was to develop a surface science approach to study the support effect on the genesis and structure of the active phase (molybdenum sulfide) on alumina supported Mo based hydrotreating catalysts supported on alumina which are used for petroleum refining. The originality of the work lies in the aqueous phase metal precursor deposition (molybdates) according to two synthetic routes (equilibrium adsorption and impregnation) on α alumina single crystals (γ alumina surrogate) with 4 different orientations (C (0001), R "(1" ¯("1" ) "02)" , A "(11" ¯("2" ) "0)" and M "(10" ¯("1" ) "0)" ). The combination of several physico-chemical characterization techniques (XPS, AFM, TEM, EXAFS) has shown that the surface structure of each crystal orientation governs the strength of metal/support interaction in the oxide state and thus the sulfidation degree and size of the sulfide active phase nanoparticles. This sulfide phase has been associated to a type I (strong metal/support interactions, lower sulfurability) for the R "(1" ¯("1" ) "02)" plane and to a type II (weaker metal/support interactions and better sulfurability) for C (0001), A "(11" ¯("2" ) "0)" and M "(10" ¯("1" ) "0)" planes. In addition, EXAFS results suggest a predominantly basal orientation of the sulfide phase on the C (0001) plane while a random orientation is highlighted on the other faces. The surface structural analogies between α and γAl2O3 polymorphs allows us to transpose these results to the industrial support (γ-Al2O3) and hence, to conclude that a proper control of the industrial support morphology constitutes a way to tune the genesis of the sulfide phase and improve the performances of hydrotreating catalysts
Abry, Sébastien. "Ingénierie moléculaire de surface appliquée à la conception de catalyseurs hétérogènes bio-inspirés." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260531.
Повний текст джерелаDes complexes polyammino biosinspirés de cuivre et d'europium ont été greffés dans des silices mésoporeuses LUS en utilisant cette approche. Les caractérisations effectuées à chaque étape de synthèse en utilisant un panel de techniques (dont XRD, N2-adsorption-desorption, 13C et 29Si MAS-RMN, FT-IR, RPE, EXAFS et MET) confirment l'intégrité de la structure poreuse, la formation des complexes et l'homogénéité de la distribution des fonctions.
Rmili, Seddik. "Préparation de catalyseurs bimétalliques Pt-Cu [platine-cuivre] par réaction redox de surface." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2300.
Повний текст джерелаIbargüen, becerra César. "Effet des forces de van der Waals sur la dynamique de l'azote et de l'hydrogène en interaction avec la surface de W(100)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0261.
Повний текст джерелаAn important part of scientific literature is devoted to the heterogeneous elementary processes occurring at gas-solid interface due to their great importance and key role in many different domains and applications. Thus, interaction of gas atoms/molecules with surface reactions are of primary importance in the study of: heterogeneous catalysis, combustion of solid fuel and coal gasification, processes of corrosion, hydrogen storage in solid material, automotive and oil industry, plasma-wall interactions in the context of thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER), atmospheric re-entries technologies and astrochemistry, to name some examples. When an atom or molecule impinges on a surface many different elementary processes can take place, which depends on factors such as: the collision energy of the projectile, the angle of incidence to the surface, the surface temperature, the initial state of the molecules, the transference of energy projectiles-surface, etc. All these factors determines the mechanisms of reaction and the dynamics of the processes. Experimental molecular beams (MB) and other experimental techniques are able to accurately control the initial state of the reactive and characterizing products of gas-surface reactions. However, in most of the case experimental techniques do not provide enough details about the mechanisms through which elementary processes occur. Consequently, theoretical models becomes essential to rationalize the description that in certain cases the experiments do not reach.The main goal of this thesis work is to propose an analyze of the dynamics of several elementary processes occurring on a W(100) surface, such as: the inelastic scattering of N2 and H2, the dissociative and non-dissociative adsorption of of H2 and the adsorption and absorption of H and N. Compared to previous studies, the novelty of this work resides in the taking into account of van der Waals long-distance interactions, which are essential to reach a good agreement between theoretical and experiment results, especially at low collision energy regime. To rationalize the non-adiabatic effects, the energy dissipation to lattice vibrations and electronic excitation are taken in to account by means of GLO and LDFA models respectively
Norsic, Sébastien. "Traitement chimique des surfaces des alumines silicées : application à l'hydrocraquage." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2314.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of our work was to find new hydrocracking catalysts allowing a selective transformation of vacuum distillates into gas oil. Hydrocracking catalysts are bifunctional, associating a metallic function (hydro-dehydrogenating) and an acidic function (isomerizing). The vacuum distillates containing nitrogen and sulphur compounds, the hydro-dehydrogenating function will be provided by metal sulphides. On the other hand, if gas oil is the desired product, the acid function must be fairly strong. The most currently used catalysts are sulphides of Ni and W deposited on silica-alumina. We chose in this work to use a little different support : silicated aluminas, and to study the effect of heat treatments of this support, calcination or steaming, on the activity and the selectivity for hydrocracking of the sulphided catalysts. Calcination or steaming of silicated alumina brings important modifications of surface and pore volume, but do not modify the characteristics of the solid. In addition, these treatments, and in particular the steaming, create new Brönsted acid sites on the surface. The isomerizing activity of the corresponding catalysts is higher, and consequently their activity in hydrocracking is also higher. Indeed we observed that on these catalysts, the rate limiting step of hydrocracking was the acidic step. At the difference of what is generally observed, this increase in activity is not accompanied by a decrease in selectivity. Thus, the sulphided NiW/silicated alumina catalysts could be excellent industrial catalysts for hydrocracking. We also showed that it was possible to protect the acid sites of silicated alumina during the impregnation by nickel and tungsten, by blocking these sites by adsorption of pyridine. Unfortunately, the presence of pyridine considerably harms the formation of the sulphided phase, which makes the catalysts not very efficient in hydrocracking
Kaeffer, Nicolas. "Construction de cathodes et photocathodes moléculaires pour la production d'hydrogène." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAV024/document.
Повний текст джерелаSolar fuels generated from the light-induced splitting of water into H2 and O2 is an appealing strategy for securing future energy. The use of platinum for catalyzing hydrogen evolution may be bypassed with earth-abundant catalysts. In a previous study, our lab realized the immobilization of a proton reduction catalyst, the cobalt diimine-dioxime molecular complex, within a cathode material steadily evolving H2 from fully aqueous media. In this work, we report on the implementation of this catalyst into light-driven devices. Operating conditions in the solvent of interest, water, were screened. The molecular catalyst degrades when free in solution, but retains activity when supported on an electrode, even in the presence of O2, and could thus be integrated into a tandem cell. Further on, new derivatives of the catalyst were developed for the attachment onto transparent conducting oxides. Co-grafted photocathodes were constructed by anchoring a functionalized catalyst along with photosensitizers onto p-type NiO. These architectures were checked by a whole set of analytical techniques and light-driven catalytic hydrogen evolution was achieved by photocathodes assessed under device-related photoelectrochemical conditions. Immobilizable dye-catalyst dyads were also successfully synthetized as alternative derivatives and open up new possibilities to develop molecular photocathodes
Guillaume, Denis. "Modification et caractérisation des sites responsables du craquage acide sur des supports à base d'alumine." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066368.
Повний текст джерелаGaval, Pooja. "Catalyseurs pour la synthèse du butadiène via le procédé Ostromyslensky développés par Chimie organométallique de surface." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1315/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the recent years on-purpose synthesis of butadiene using bioethanol has gained unprecedented attention owing to rise in interest for bio-based feedstock along with the steeply increasing demand for butadiene (BD). In this regard a relevant process is the Ostromyslensky’s two-step process, involving dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde in a separate step, followed by butadiene production in the second stage by co-feeding ethanol and acetaldehyde. Although the economic viability and feasibility of this ethanol to butadiene (ETB) process is well established, there is a room for better catalytic performances and selectivity. In this endeavour our aim was to develop a family of well-defined Ta-based silica-supported catalysts through Surface Organometallic Chemistry (SOMC) and test them in the conversion of EtOH/AA to BD. The first set of pre-catalysts was synthesized by treating the previously known [(=SiO)2TaHx] with N2O as mild oxidant. The second family of catalysts was prepared by calcination of the tantalum alkyl species at 500°C. The pre-catalysts were characterized by FTIR, SS NMR, UV-vis-DRS, XRD, EXAFS and HR-STEM. The N2O oxidized SOMC pre-catalysts were found to have mostly isolated [(=SiO)2Ta(OH)x] species populating the surface whereas the family of pre-catalysts synthesized via calcination evidenced a mixture of surface species, including string-like aggregations.Catalytic tests over these catalysts generated promising results exhibiting superior catalysis in the transformation of EtOH/AA to BD in terms of both BD selectivity and yield compared to the state of the art. In addition to the excellent selectivity a narrow range of product distribution and negligible coke formation was observed. Isolated TaOx species on the N2O oxidized pre-catalyst showed markedly better activity and were found to be the active sites in this conversion compared to the string-like aggregation of tantalum centres on the calcined material. Based on this and in-situ DRIFT studies over the catalysts a preliminary mechanism for this conversion was proposed
Vallantin-Rosier, Cécile. "Chimie organométallique de surface du titane : application à l'époxydation catalytique des oléfines." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO19003.
Повний текст джерелаLafaye, Gwendoline. "Préparation de catalyseurs bimétalliques par réaction d'oxydoréduction de surface : application à l'hydrogénation du citral." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2278.
Повний текст джерелаAndriamasinoro, Dama. "Optimisation de catalyseurs a base d'oxydes de terres rares. Preparation, caracterisation de surface, reactivite." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR1C249.
Повний текст джерелаIdriss, Hicham. "Etude des espèces de surface sur catalyseurs Cu-Zn dans la synthèse du méthanol." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37606066r.
Повний текст джерелаAndriamasinoro, Dama. "Optimisation de catalyseurs à base d'oxydes de terres rares préparation, caractérisation de surface, réactivité /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376112351.
Повний текст джерелаVerdin, Baptiste. "Etude d'électrodes grande surface d'électrolyseurs PEM : inhomogénéités de fonctionnement et intégration de catalyseurs innovants." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS036/document.
Повний текст джерелаHydrogen production from PEM water electrolysis will take a great place in the energy landscape for RES storage. This scale shift requires a significant increase of the nominal power, and therefore an increase in size and a gain in the current density. Optimal operation (in terms of efficiency and lifetime) can be obtained only if the distribution of current lines over the electrode surface is adequately homogeneous. In this thesis, we have used for the first time a specific tool for the in-situ mapping of current and temperature in a large surface area PEM single cell. A customized S++® measuring plate, adapted to our application, has been implemented in a 250cm² PEM single cell. Electromechanical characterization of the cell has put into evidence the link between the field of clamping force and the local current density. We have shown that an optimal mechanical compression is not sufficient to homogenize current distribution. We have demonstrated that the cell design, in particular the fluid distribution, plays a major role in current distribution inhomogeneities, which recurrently form between the center and the periphery of the cell. We have also shown that during dynamic operation, current lines tend to concentrate at the center of the cell as a consequence of spatially differentiated ageing. We have developed an electrode structure that facilitates the global re-homogenization of current lines and additionally shows an increased durability. In parallel, we have developed a numerical model to calculate the distribution of current lines within the thickness of catalytic layers as a function of the geometry of the PTL. We have found that overvoltages play a major role in current distribution, and that the cathode is prone to more heterogeneities. We propose to densify the catalyst layers for a better current repartition and a lesser differentiated ageing. Key findings from single cell tests have been confirmed on a commercial stack
McGuirk, Garry. "Surface structures of In-Pd alloys and intermetallic compounds." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0196/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study is part of an European research program that aims to the rational development of new catalytic materials with high activity and selectivity towards the steam reforming of methanol. The socio-economic impact of this reaction is considered very important because methanol is a major vector for the production of hydrogen energy in fuel cells via the reaction CH3OH + H2O → CO2 + 3H2. The main goal of this thesis is the determination of the geometric/crystallographic and electronic structures of the surfaces of alloys and intermetallic compounds in the In-Pd system, a promising new system for the development of the next generation of catalysts. This basic knowledge is essential to understand the chemical reactivity of these intermetallics and their specificity in catalysis
Hamraoui, Karim. "Étude théorique de la nature et de la réductibilité des entités d'oxyde de molybdène supportées sur l'oxyde de titane." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-285.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHérault, Nelly. "Préparation contrôlée de catalyseurs bimétalliques Pt-Rh supportés." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2298/document.
Повний текст джерелаPt-Rh supported catalysts have demonstrated interesting properties in selective ring opening of naphthenic molecules. Their catalytic performances depend on several properties like platinum-rhodium interaction. The aim of this work was to study the influence of the preparation method on Pt-Rh interactions. For this purpose, several preparation ways were selected, from the most classical ones, such as impregnation, to more sophisticated ways such as (1) surface modification of monometallic catalyst by addition of a second metal (surface reactions), (2) formation of Pt-Rh particles in microemulsion or in microsuspension, or (3) impregnation assisted by radiolysis. Catalysts were characterized by various techniques such as hydrogen chemisorption, transmission electron microscopy, temperature programmed reduction, adsorption of probe molecules (CO or NO then CO) followed by infrared spectroscopy, or model reactions.These characterizations allowed demonstrating that (i) the classical impregnation or the one assisted by radiolysis leads to monometallic and bimetallic particles, (ii) metal deposition on specific sites of preformed metallic particles can be obtained by surface modification of monometallic catalysts, (iii) the synthesis of metallic particles in microemulsion or microsuspension yields bimetallic entities with Pt-Rh alloy at the particle surface
Taylor, Robert Jon. "Study on the surface adsorbates of an enantioselective, heterogeneously catalysed, hydrogenation reaction." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55881/.
Повний текст джерела