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Статті в журналах з теми "Cassina"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 березня 2023

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1

Orchard, A. E. "A revision of Cassinia (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) in Australia.2. Sections Complanatae and Venustae." Australian Systematic Botany 17, no. 6 (2004): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb04032.

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Анотація:

The species of Cassinia sect. Complanatae are keyed, described and illustrated and sect. Venustae is keyed and described. New taxa described are Cassina diminuta Orchard, C. hewsoniae Orchard, C. maritima Orchard, C. monticola Orchard, C. tegulata Orchard and C. theresae Orchard. Cassinia adunca is considered to be a hybrid between C. complanata and C. tegulata.

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2

Orchard, A. E. "A revision of Cassinia (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) in Australia.3. Section Leptocephalae." Australian Systematic Botany 17, no. 6 (2004): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb04035.

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Анотація:

The species of Cassinia sect. Leptocephalae are keyed, described and illustrated. New taxa described are Cassinia leptocephala subsp. everettiae Orchard, Cassina decipiens Orchard, C. macrocephala Orchard subsp. macrocephala, C. macrocephala subsp. tenuis Orchard, C. telfordii Orchard and C. accipitrum Orchard; C. longifolia var. straminea Benth. is raised to species level as C. straminea (Benth.) Orchard.

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3

PIOVESAN, MÔNICA, MIRNA MARTINS CASAGRANDE, and OLAF HERMANN HENDRIK MIELKE. "Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach." Zootaxa 5216, no. 1 (December 6, 2022): 1–278. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5216.1.1.

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Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Brassolini) is an exclusively Neotropical genus, occurring from Argentina to Mexico. Until the present study, Opsiphanes was considered to contain 14 species, 60 subspecies, and 38 synonyms. The considerable phenotypic variation of species and subspecies of the genus has affected the taxonomy of the group by causing the proliferation of several names that have been proposed to represent their diversity, taxa that have often not been adequately described and/or delimited. The present study analyzed information on the immature stages and morphology, with molecular data and distribution data, in order to provide revised taxonomic hypotheses for Opsiphanes species and subspecies. These analyses of approximately 5,500 specimens and all species known for the genus made it possible to define two groups: “cassiae” and “quiteria”. The “quiteria” group was subdivided into seven subgroups: “boisduvallii”, “camena”, “zelotes”, “sallei”, “quiteria”, “fabricii”, and “invirae”. The statuses of three species and two subespecies are reinstated: Opsiphanes badius Stichel, 1902 stat. rest., Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881 stat. rest., Opsiphanes merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest., Opsiphanes bogotanus castaneus Stichel, 1904 stat. rest. and Opsiphanes badius cauca Röber, 1906 stat. rest. Six subspecies are here treated as species: Opsiphanes mexicana Bristow, 1991 stat. nov., Opsiphanes zelus Stichel, 1908 stat. nov., Opsiphanes farrago Stichel, 1904 stat. nov., Opsiphanes barkeri Bristow, 1991 stat. nov., Opsiphanes caliensis Bristow, 1991 stat. nov., and Opsiphanes cuspidatus Stichel, 1904 stat. nov. One subjective synonym is treated as a valid subspecies: Opsiphanes invirae pernambucoensis Bristow, 1991 stat. rev. One species is treated as a subspecies: Opsiphanes cassiae tamarindi C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861 stat. nov. Eight new statuses are proposed: Opsiphanes cassiae incolumis Stichel, 1904 stat. nov., Opsiphanes cassiae tamarindi C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861 stat. nov., Opsiphanes badius angostura Bristow, 1979 stat. nov., Opsiphanes fabricii camposi Bristow, 1991 stat. nov., Opsiphanes fabricii numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov., Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov., Opsiphanes periphetes Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov., and Opsiphanes cuspidatus relucens Fruhstorfer, 1907 stat. nov. Seven subjective synonyms are reinstated: Opsiphanes crameri C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 syn. rest. of Opsiphanes cassiae cassiae (Linnaeus, 1758); Opsiphanes tamarindi latifascia Rothschild, 1916 syn. rest. of Opsiphanes cassiae incolumis Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.; Opsiphanes erebus Röber, 1927 syn. rest. of Opsiphanes quiteria quirinalis Staudinger, 1887; Opsiphanes cassina aequatorialis Stichel, 1902 syn. rest., Opsiphanes invirae pseudophilon Fruhstorfer, 1907 syn. rest., Opsiphanes invirae remoliatus Fruhstorfer, 1907 syn. rest., and Opsiphanes invirae agasthenes Fruhstorfer, 1907 syn. rest. of Opsiphanes invirae invirae (Hübner, [1808]). Twenty-five new synonyms are proposed: Pavonia Godart [1824] syn. nov. of Bia Hübner, [1819]; Opsiphanes bogotanus phrataphernes Fruhstorfer, 1912 syn. nov., and Opsiphanes bogotanus blandini Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes bogotanus bogotanus Distant, 1875; Opsiphanes cassiae alajuela Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes bogotanus castaneus Stichel, 1904 stat. rest.; Opsiphanes cassiae rubigatus Stichel, 1904 syn. nov., Opsiphanes cassiae strophios Fruhstorfer, 1907 syn. nov., and Opsiphanes tamarindi xiphos Fruhstorfer, 1907 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes cassiae cassiae (Linnaeus, 1758); Opsiphanes tamarindi corrosus Stichel, 1904 syn. nov., and Opsiphanes tamarindi kleisthenes Fruhstorfer, 1912 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes cassiae tamarindi C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861 stat. nov.; Opsiphanes mutatus parodizi Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes farrago Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.; Opsiphanes sallei kennerleyi Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes sallei colombiana Bristow, 1991; Opsiphanes quiteria talamancensis Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881 stat. rest.; Opsiphanes quiteria quaestor Stichel, 1902 syn. nov., Opsiphanes quiteria bolivianus Stichel, 1902 syn. nov., and Opsiphanes quiteria cardenasi Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes quiteria quiteria (Stoll, 1780); Opsiphanes quiteria phylas Fruhstorfer, 1912 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes quiteria quirinalis Staudinger, 1887; Opsiphanes cassina chiriquensis Stichel, 1902 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes fabricii fabricii (Boisduval, 1870); Opsiphanes cassina milesi Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.; Opsiphanes cassina aucotti Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes periphetes Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov.; Opsiphanes cassina C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 syn. nov., Opsiphanes invirae intermedius Stichel, 1902 syn. nov., Opsiphanes invirae amplificatus Stichel, 1904 syn. nov., Opsiphanes sticheli Röber, 1906 syn. nov., Opsiphanes invirae roraimaensis Bristow, 1991 syn. nov., and Opsiphanes invirae sieberti Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes invirae invirae (Hübner, [1808]). To ensure unambiguous identification of names, nine neotypes were designated for: Opsiphanes bogotanus Distant, 1875, Opsiphanes aurivillii Röber, 1906, Papilio glycerie Fabricius, 1787, Opsiphanes zelotes zelus Stichel, 1908, Opsiphanes badius var. cauca Röber, 1906, Opsiphanes erebus Röber, 1927, Potamis invirae Hübner, [1808], Opsiphanes sticheli Röber, 1906, and Opsiphanes invirae ledon Fruhstorfer, 1912; and nine lectotypes for: Opsiphanes bogotanus phrataphernes Fruhstorfer, 1912, Opsiphanes tamarindi cherocles Fruhstorfer, 1912, Caligo tamarindi Boisduval, 1870, Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912, Opsiphanes quiteria augeias Fruhstorfer, 1912, Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881, Opsiphanes quiteria var. meridionalis Staudinger, 1887, Opsiphanes quiteria oresbios Fruhstorfer, 1912, and Opsiphanes quiteria phylas Fruhstorfer, 1912, . The present taxonomic scheme proposed for Opsiphanes includes 23 species, 23 subspecies, and 69 synonyms.

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4

Bruno, Davide, Marinella Ferrara, Felice D’Alessandro, and Alberto Mandelli. "The Role of Design in the CE Transition of the Furniture Industry—The Case of the Italian Company Cassina." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (July 26, 2022): 9168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159168.

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The literature on circular economy has highlighted the need for more studies focused on investigating the journey of individual companies in the transition toward sustainable processes. This paper addresses this need by focusing on the furniture design industry, showing how the transition requires the re-organization of knowledge regarding materials, processes, technologies, and product quality. This assumption is demonstrated through the design research activity conducted in 2019–2020 as the first part of broader research by Cassina LAB, a collaboration between Cassina Research and Development Centre and POLI.design of Politecnico di Milano. Based on the analysis of the Italian furniture industry between constraints and opportunities, the aim of the research is to identify critical issues and propose sustainable and circular solutions, tailor-made for Cassina. Through this example, the paper contributes to the literature in two ways. First, it adds to the understanding of how companies are adopting the circular economy paradigm. Secondly, it contributes to defining tools to implement new forms of knowledge of materials and re-design processes to deliver products that are compatible with a circular economy model.

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5

Salgado-Neto, Geraldo, Consuelo Alexandra Narváez Vásquez, Dillon S. Max, and James Whitfield. "Cotesia cassina sp. nov. from southwestern Colombia: a new gregarious microgastrine wasp (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) reared from the pest species Opsiphanes cassina Felder & Felder (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) feeding on Elaeis oil palm trees (Arecaceae)." ZooKeys 1061 (September 28, 2021): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1061.67458.

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A new species of microgastrine wasp, Cotesia cassina Salgado-Neto, Vásquez & Whitfield, sp. nov., is described from southwestern Colombia in Tumaco, Nariño. This species is a koinobiont gregarious larval endoparasitoid, and spins a common mass of cocoons underneath the host caterpillars of Opsiphanes cassina (Felder & Felder) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), feeding on oil palm trees (interspecific hybrid Elaeis oleifera × E. guineensis) (Arecaceae). While superficially similar, both morphologically and biologically, to C. invirae Salgado-Neto & Whitfield from southern Brazil, the two species are distinct based on DNA barcodes, host species, geographical range and morphological characters.

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6

Palmer, Michael. "Sylvie Aprile, Cristina Cassina, Philippe Darriulat, René." Questions de communication, no. 30 (December 31, 2016): 401–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/questionsdecommunication.10876.

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7

Aas, Steinar. "Elisabetta Cassina Wolff: Italias politiske historie 476–1945." Historisk tidsskrift 96, no. 02 (June 19, 2017): 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn.1504-2944-2017-02-11.

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8

Rodríguez Gonzalez, Gladys, Ramón Silva-Acuña, Rafael Cásares Moizant, Asdrúbal Díaz Quintana, and Renny Barrios Maestre. "Caracterización y temporalidad de enemigos naturales de Opsiphanes cassina en palma aceitera, estado Monagas, Venezuela." Revista ESPAMCIENCIA 12, no. 1 (June 21, 2021): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51260/revista_espamciencia.v12i1.261.

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La investigación se condujo con el objetivo de realizar la caracterización y temporalidad de los enemigos naturales asociados con Opsiphanes cassina en una plantación de palma aceitera, ubicada en el estado Monagas, Finca “El Águila” Venezuela. Se efectuaron evaluaciones a intervalos semanales, durante el ciclo agosto 2015/agosto 2016, seccionando la hoja número 25 de dos plantas.ha-1 en un lote de 10 ha. Se cuantificó el número de huevos, larvas diferentes instares y pupas, así como también, de sus enemigos naturales y las especies vegetales que les ofrecen alimento y refugio dentro del área experimental. Los agentes de control biológico identificados correspondieron a Telenomus sp. (Scelionidae), Anastatus sp. (Eupelmidae) y un eulófido como parasitoides de huevos; Cotesia sp. (Braconidae) de larvas del V instar y Conura maculata F (Chalcididae) de pupas. Cotesia sp., fue el entomófago más relevante en la regulación de las poblaciones del insecto. La presencia de especies como Croton trinitatis Mills y Solanum hirtum L favorecen el fortalecimiento del control biológico natural de O. cassina.

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9

Steinbrecher, Tina, and Gerhard Leubner-Metzger. "Xyloglucan remodelling enzymes and the mechanics of plant seed and fruit biology." Journal of Experimental Botany 73, no. 5 (March 2, 2022): 1253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erac020.

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This article comments on: Di Marzo M, Ebeling Viana V, Banfi C, Cassina V, Corti R, Herrera-Ubaldo H, Babolin N, Guazzotti A, Kiegle E, Gregis V, de Folter S, Sampedro J, Mantegazza F, Colombo L, Ezquer I. 2022. Cell wall modifications by α-XYLOSIDASE1 are required for the control of seed and fruit size. Journal of Experimental Botany 73, 1499–1515.

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10

Edwards, Adam L., and Bradley C. Bennett. "Diversity of Methylxanthine Content in Ilex cassine L. and Ilex vomitoria Ait.: Assessing Sources of the North American Stimulant Cassina." Economic Botany 59, no. 3 (June 2005): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1663/0013-0001(2005)059[0275:domcii]2.0.co;2.

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11

SMETHURST, C. "Review. Idee, stampa e reazione nella Francia del primo Ottocento. Cassina, Cristina." French Studies 53, no. 2 (April 1, 1999): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/53.2.213.

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12

Jodogne, Pierre. "Le livre de famille des Cassina, Lombards anversois des XVIe et XVIIe siècles." Bulletin de la Classe des lettres et des sciences morales et politiques 5, no. 7 (1994): 235–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/barb.1994.38469.

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13

Beardmore, Susan R., and Heinz Furrer. "Taphonomic variation within a Middle Triassic fossil lagerstätte (Cassina beds, Meride Limestone) at Monte San Giorgio." PalZ 93, no. 1 (June 12, 2018): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12542-018-0415-7.

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14

Stockar, Rudolf. "Facies, depositional environment, and palaeoecology of the Middle Triassic Cassina beds (Meride Limestone, Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland)." Swiss Journal of Geosciences 103, no. 1 (May 28, 2010): 101–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00015-010-0008-2.

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15

Martini, Alessandro, and Matteo Cassina. "Correction: Martini, A.; Cassina, M. Victor A. McKusick, the “Father of Medical Genetics”. Audiol. Res. 2021, 11, 636–638." Audiology Research 12, no. 1 (February 17, 2022): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/audiolres12010011.

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16

Waquet, Jean-Claude. "Antonella Alimento, Cristina Cassina (Ed.), Il pensiero gerarchico in Europa, XVIII - XIX secolo, Florence, Leo S. Olschki, 2002, 354 p." Revue d’histoire moderne et contemporaine 53-1, no. 1 (2006): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhmc.531.0187.

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17

Eichelberger, Jan. "Das urheberrechtliche Verbreitungsrecht (§ 17 Abs. 1 UrhG) nach den Entscheidungen EuGH – Peek&Cloppenburg/Cassina und BGH – Le Corbusier-Möbel II." Zeitschrift für geistiges Eigentum 3, no. 4 (2011): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/186723711798929767.

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18

Yuan, Ziqing, and KM Old. "A new species of Phloeosporella (Deuteromycotina) on leaves of Cassia oligoclada from central Australia." Australian Systematic Botany 8, no. 5 (1995): 687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9950687.

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Phloeosporella cassiae sp. nov., which causes leaf spot in Cassia oligoclada is described and illustrated. The differences between the new species and the known species of the genus, as well as other similar fungi recorded on Cassia are discussed.

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19

Magistretti, Stefano, Claudio Dell’Era, Federico Frattini, and Antonio Messeni Petruzzelli. "Innovation through tradition in design-intensive family firms." Journal of Knowledge Management 24, no. 4 (April 13, 2020): 823–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-07-2019-0399.

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Purpose Several studies show that identity is a critical success factor in design-intensive industries, leading managers and executives to identify solutions that enable firms to simultaneously innovate while preserving their link with the past. Accordingly, scholars have recently revealed the role of the so-called innovation through tradition strategy. Thus, the purpose of this study/paper is to understand how design intensive firms may exploit knowledge pertaining to the past. Design/methodology/approach The research contributes to this line of inquiry by conducting a longitudinal analysis of two leading Italian design-intensive firms, B&B Italia and Cassina S.p.A. Specifically, through almost 30 h of interviews with 11 key informants and the analysis of various secondary sources, a unique database of over 900 products covering the period of 1960-2016 was developed. Findings The findings reveal that both firms leverage knowledge from the past mainly to preserve firm identity, as indicated by the two indicators used to capture the use of knowledge pertaining to the past (i.e., design tradition intensity and design tradition depth). In addition, the study shows that the values of these indicators significantly increase when ownership control shifts from family-based to fund-based. Originality/value The paper looks at design artifacts as a source of knowledge, exploring how they can support firms in reinforcing their identity. The original contribution to the design through traditional literature is in unveiling the product signs dimension of this particular innovation strategy.

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20

Bannon, James S. "CASST™ herbicide(Alternaria cassiae);A case history of a mycoherbicide." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 3, no. 2-3 (1988): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300002216.

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CASST™ herbicide (Alternaria cassiae,) has been shown to be an effective biological control agent for sicklepod ("Cassia obtusifolia LJ, coffee senna ("Cassia occidentalis L.) and showy crotalaria ("Crotalaria spectabilis Roth). Current research has shown the potential of this mycoherbicide for use both alone and integrated with other herbicides as an effective commercial control measure for these troublesome weeds.

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21

Wang, Ning, Yuanyuan Wu, Xingqiang Wu, Shuxuan Liang, and Hanwen Sun. "A novel nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis method for effective separation and simultaneous determination of aurantio-obtusin, emodin and rhein in semen cassiae and cassia seed tea." Anal. Methods 6, no. 14 (2014): 5133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ay00588k.

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A novel method using nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis-UV detection was used for the effective separation and rapid simultaneous determination of anthraquinones, aurantio-obtusin, emodin and rhein, in semen cassiae and cassia seed tea.

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22

De Nardi, Sarah. "L'inchiostro dei vinti. Stampa e ideologia neofascista 1945–1953, by Elisabetta Cassina Wolff, Milan, Mursia, 2013, 398 pp., €18.00, ISBN 97-888-425-4558-3." Modern Italy 18, no. 4 (November 2013): 450–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532944.2013.841011.

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23

Pinheiro-Jones, Rossana. "ENTRE FILOSOFIA ANTIGA E MONAQUISMO MEDIEVAL: UM LUGAR PARA JOÃO CASSIANO (C. 360-430)." Síntese: Revista de Filosofia 45, no. 141 (April 30, 2018): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.20911/21769389v45n141p145/2018.

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Resumo: O presente artigo tem o intuito de desenvolver uma reflexão sobre a relação entre filosofia antiga e monaquismo medieval, tal qual apresentada nas obras de João Cassiano, escritas entre 419 e 426 d.C. Defenderemos a hipótese de que Cassiano pode ser considerado um autor limítrofe entre Antiguidade e Idade Média pela relação que estabeleceu entre tradição e inovação e pela importância que atribuiu à ascese, prática filosófica antiga, como essencial à forma de vida monástica.Abstract: This article aims to discuss the relationship between Ancient Philosophy and Medieval monachism, in analysing John Cassian´s work (aprox 419-426). It also aims to demonstrate how Cassian can be considered an author situated in the boundaries between Antiquity and Middle Ages due to the way, in his works, he approaches the limits of tradition and innovation and argues in favour of ascesis, an ancient philosophical practice, as essential for monastic life.

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24

Kang, Chenzhe, Yanan Liu, Aiping Chi, and Zilin Zhang. "The anti-fatigue potential of water-soluble polysaccharides of Semen cassiae on BALB/c mice." Cellular and Molecular Biology 67, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2021.67.2.23.

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Fatigue syndrome is a major health problem that affects the voluntary activities of an individual. Particularly, exercise-induced fatigue has become a serious concern in people's health. Since polysaccharides from various medicinal plants have been reported for anti-fatigue effect, the current study deals with the anti-fatigue potential of water-soluble polysaccharides of the Chinese medicinal plant Semen cassiae (Cassia obtusifolia L.) in BALB/c mice. Water-soluble polysaccharides from Semen cassiae were extracted using aqueous solvent (water). An orthogonal test design was employed for the optimization of polysaccharide extraction. The conditions optimized through this design unveiled the raw materials to solvent ratio as 1:30. The optimal temperature and time duration were found to be 80°C and 3.5 h, respectively. The yield of soluble polysaccharides at these specified conditions was 5.42%. Strikingly, the water-soluble polysaccharide from S. cassiae exhibited strong anti-fatigue activity at 100 mg/kg in BALB/c mice. S. cassiae polysaccharide extended the weight-loaded swimming duration in BALB/c mice. In addition, it ameliorated the level of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPX) while decreased the blood urea nitrogen, creatine phosphokinase, triglyceride, lactic acid, lactate dehydrogenase, and malondialdehyde levels in blood serum. Moreover, the assessment of the immunomodulatory effect of S. cassia polysaccharides unveiled the enhancement of B-cell and T-cell lymphocytes, denoting the positive effect on physical immunity.

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25

Mena-Rejóna, Gonzalo J., Karla Pérez-Rivas, Pablo Sansorez-Peraza, Tirso Rios, and Leovigildo Quijano. "Racemochrysone, a Dihydroanthracenone from Senna racemosa." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 57, no. 9-10 (October 1, 2002): 777–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2002-9-1003.

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From the hexane extract of the bark of the stems of Senna racemosa (syn. Cassia racemosa) a new dihydroanthracenone derivative, named racemochrysone, was isolated. Its structure was established as 8,9-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-(2H)-anthracen-1-one based on spectroscopical data, mainly 1D and 2D NMR experiments. In addition β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, chrysophanol and physcion were obtained. From the leaves extracts the piperidine alkaloid cassine and the hexitol pinitol were obtained.

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26

Hoagland, R. E. "The mycoherbicide Atlernaria cassiae infects and alters phenolic metabolism of Cassia alata seedlings." Phytoprotection 76, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706086ar.

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The mycoherbicide Alternaria cassiae, a pathogen of the weed sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia), was found to infect a previously untested Cassia species, Cassia alata (ringworm bush or seven golden candlesticks). When 2-wk-old, growth chamber-grown C. alata seedlings were inoculated with 105 spores mL-1 followed by a 12-h dew period, infection was apparent 16-20 h after treatment. Infection severity was proportional to spore concentration, and 106 spores mL-1 caused complete mortality 4-5 d after treatment. Plant age was also a factor in disease severity and mycoherbicidal efficacy. At 106 spores mL-1, 95% of 1- to 3-wk-old seedlings were killed (with severe damage to others); 3- to 4-wk-old plants had multiple lesions, growth reduction, and some leaf abscission; and 5- to 7-wk-old plants were infected with many lesions, but they outgrew these effects. Extractable phenylalanine ammonialyase in treated C. alata seedlings was increased three-fold above that of untreated seedlings 17-96 h after spore application. Soluble hydroxyphenolic levels were also increased in the A. cassiae-treated seedlings, but not until 48-96 h after treatment. Results indicate an expanded host range for this plant pathogen and suggest that phenolic metabolism is increased in défense of pathogen invasion.

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Hoagland, R. E. "Alternaria cassiae Alters Phenylpropanoid Metabolism in Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia)." Journal of Phytopathology 130, no. 3 (November 1990): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.1990.tb01166.x.

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28

Qu, Jing, Shishan Yu, Wenzhao Tang, Yunbao Liu, Yue Liu, and Jing Liu. "Progress on Cassaine-Type Diterpenoid Ester Amines and Amides (Erythrophleum Alkaloids)." Natural Product Communications 1, no. 10 (October 2006): 1934578X0600101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0600101005.

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The structures, spectral characteristics, and bioactivities of 39 natural cassaine-type diterpenoid ester amines and amides (Erythrophleum alkaloids) and 31 synthetic analogues are reviewed. Cassaine-type diterpenoid ester amines and amides, the so called Erythrophleum alkaloids, have the skeleton of cassane-type diterpenoids with a N-containing side chain, and are classified into two groups, ester amines and amides. Cassaine-type diterpenoid ester amines and amides show remarkable inotropic action on the heart, inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase, cytotoxities, and other major bioactivities. Structural modification of cassaine-type diterpenoid ester amines and amides has been carried out to furnish many derivatives to study the structure-activity relationships.

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29

FAGBOLA, O., O. OSONUBI, and K. MULONGOY. "Contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and hedgerow trees to the yield and nutrient uptake of cassava in an alley-cropping system." Journal of Agricultural Science 131, no. 1 (August 1998): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859698005516.

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A field trial on alley-cropping was conducted at the University of Ibadan research farm in the 1990/91 cropping season to assess the contributions of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and hedgerow woody legumes to the yield and nutrient uptake of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) as an intercrop in an infertile soil. The trial also investigated the influence of AM fungi on the interplanting of a non-nodulating woody legume Senna siamea (syn. Cassia siamea) with a nodulating woody legume (Leucaena leucocephala).AM contributions to cassava were greater than the hedgerow contributions, which demonstrated that AM associations are an essential component in the nutrition of cassava. In contrast to cassava, AM inoculation only influenced the leaf dry weight and uptake of nutrients of non-interplanted woody legumes but not the above-ground biomass and P uptake of interplanted woody legumes. However, non-inoculated interplanted Leucaena benefited more from indigenous AM fungi than the competing Senna. The negative contributions to the nutrient uptake (K, Ca and Mg) of cassava by hedgerows and the lack of response to AM inoculation in interplanted hedgerow woody legumes could be attributed to root competition among the different plant species growing in close proximity to each other. The present results show that cassava benefits more from AM association than Leucaena which in turn benefits more than Senna in an alley-cropping system.

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30

Walker, H. Lynn, and C. Douglas Boyette. "Biocontrol of Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) in Soybeans (Glycine max) withAlternaria cassiae." Weed Science 33, no. 2 (March 1985): 212–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500082126.

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In four tests conducted in 2 years,Alternaria cassiaeJurair and Khan effectively controlled sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL. ♯ CASOB) as indicated by stand counts of the weed and by soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] yields. The number of sicklepod seedlings was reduced more than 90% within 14 days after foliar applications ofA. cassiaeconidia were banded (46 cm) at rates of 4.2 and 2.1 kg/ha (9.4 and 4.7 kg/ha broadcast, respectively). One banded application of 0.04 or 0.4 kg/ha (0.09 or 0.9 kg/ha broadcast, respectively) did not satisfactorily control sicklepod. These results indicate that sicklepod control may be enhanced by multiple applications ofA. cassiae.

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31

Cassoni, Vanessa, and Marney Pascoli Cereda. "Prospecting of culturable acetic acid bacteria from fermented fruits." Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity 4, no. 4 (November 1, 2013): 390–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v4n4.cassoni.

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The flavored vinegars made from wines and fruit are y highlighted in the food gastronomy market. However it is not easy to have a good starter. It is easy to found acetic acid bacteria (AAB) in the natural fermentation of fruits where they are mixed with yeasts. A medium was adapted have only AAB. For test this medium overripe fruits were fermentedby 3 days at room temperature and sampled as inoculum. Bacteria presenting AAB characteristics were identified in microscope. Samples with0.5mlwere placed into Petri dishes containing a modified Frateurmediumcomposed of agar, yeast extract, alcohol, and calcium carbonate. As fungistaticswere tested the gentian violet (1% methylrosanilinium chloride) and nystatin water solution (105 IU) both used at 0.5/1.0/1.5mlon 20mlof the mediumdirectly placed into sterile plates. Petri dishes were incubated at 25°C for five days and AAB colonies recognized by forming a halo. The data showed that only nystatin at dose 1.0 mlcontrolled the wild yeasts growth. Biochemical assays (Gramstaining, oxidase, catalase, indol and H2S formation)confirmed the genus Acetobacter. The data proving that the combination of Frateur medium with 1.0 mlof water solution of nystatin 105 IU)may be a good option for isolating AAB from fermenting fruit.

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32

Silva, Geraldo H., Helder L. Teles, Henrique C. Trevisan, Vanderlan da S. Bolzani, Maria C. M. Young, Ludwig H. Pfenning, Marcos N. Eberlin, Renato Haddad, Claudio M. Costa-Neto, and Ângela R. Araújo. "New bioactive metabolites produced by Phomopsis cassiae, an endophytic fungus in Cassia spectabilis." Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 16, no. 6b (November 2005): 1463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-50532005000800029.

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33

Walker, H. L. "Influence of Sequential Dew Periods on Biocontrol of Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) byAlternaria cassiae." Plant Disease 70, no. 10 (1986): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-70-962.

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34

Silva, Geraldo Humberto, Helder Lopes Teles, Lisinéia Maria Zanardi, Maria Claudia Marx Young, Marcos Nogueira Eberlin, Renato Hadad, Ludwig H. Pfenning, et al. "Cadinane sesquiterpenoids of Phomopsis cassiae, an endophytic fungus associated with Cassia spectabilis (Leguminosae)." Phytochemistry 67, no. 17 (September 2006): 1964–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.06.004.

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35

Tucker, Shirley C. "The role of floral development in studies of legume evolution." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 692–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-089.

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Comparative floral development is useful to test hypotheses of phylogeny and taxonomic relationships among legumes because it provides a greater understanding of character states. It can reveal homologies, as in the cupule, an anomalous and varied structure among species of Psoralea that originates by fusion of two or more small bracts. Convergence is demonstrated by comparing differing developmental pathways of specialized floral features such as dorsiventral heterostameny, eccentric corolla, porate stamens, and enantiostyly, among species of Cassia, Senna, and Chamaecrista. Naturally occurring homeosis can be identified, as in the example of stamens developing from uncommitted primordia in petal sites in Saraca declinata. Floral development among species in a genus is generally very similar, with any differences usually occurring only terminally. In contrast, ontogenies among related genera show more differences, and those differences may be accelerated, appearing earlier in ontogeny than interspecific differences. Floral development in Ceratonia siliqua, in the same tribe as the Cassia group, diverges strongly from the latter, lacking petals and having a unique type of inception of stamens. Developmental evidence supports removing Ceratonia from Cassieae. Key words: development, evolution, flower, legumes, ontogeny, phylogeny.

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36

Andrade, Raphaell Henrike Martins de, Eliane Cristina Sampaio de Freitas, Haroldo Nogueira de Paiva, and Reginaldo Antônio de Medeiros. "PHOSPHATE FERTILIZATION IN PRODUCTION OF Cassia ferruginea AND Cassia grandis SEEDLINGS." Nucleus 15, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.1792.

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37

Price, Sally, and Richard Price. "Turning coo-coo." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 70, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1996): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002633.

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[First paragraph]The pairing of commeal and okra, which pops up everywhere in the Caribbean, nicely captures the amalgam of African and American resources that has produced so much of the region's cultures, and bears witness to the earliness of culinary creolization - on both sides of the Atlantic. Corn(maize) is, of course, native to the New World, and okra (gumbo) to the Old. The Dictionary of Jamaican English includes back-to-back entries on oka and okra - the former from a Yoruba word for corn, though in Jamaica it refers to a cassava mush served with an okra sauce (Cassidy & Le Page 1967:328). And while the Ewe word kukü means "corn dumpling" (Cassidy & Le Page 1967:135), its Caribbean cognates generally signal the presence of okra - as in Bahamian cuckoo soup (Holm 1982: 55). Just to the north in the United States, that classic of southern cuisine, fried okra, is made by coating the pods in cornmeal before dropping them in the bacon drippings. At the southern end of the Caribbean, the Brazilian dish called angu (from Yoruba - see Schneider 1991:14) is made with cornmeal (or cassava-flour); its Saramaka namesake (angu), though made with rice- or banana-flour, is usually served with an okra sauce. And in Barbados, cornmeal and okra comprise the essential ingredients of a national culinary tradition, which we will spell coo-coo.2

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38

Ju, Mi Sun, Hyo Geun Kim, Jin Gyu Choi, Jong Hoon Ryu, Jinyoung Hur, Youn Jung Kim, and Myung Sook Oh. "Cassiae semen, a seed of Cassia obtusifolia, has neuroprotective effects in Parkinson’s disease models." Food and Chemical Toxicology 48, no. 8-9 (August 2010): 2037–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.002.

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39

BOROWIEC, LECH, and JOLANTA ŚWIĘTOJAŃSKA. "A monograph of the Afrotropical Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Part 6. Revision of the tribe Cassidini 3, the genus Cassida L." Zootaxa 5171, no. 1 (August 4, 2022): 1–250. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5171.1.1.

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The genus Cassida Linnaeus, 1758 is revised and 103 species are recognized as valid, all distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa and the south-western part of the Arabian Peninsula. Twenty-four species are described as new: Cassida bamendana sp. nov. (Cameroon), Cassida benaadirensis sp. nov. (Ethiopia and Somalia), Cassida elgonensis sp. nov. (Kenya), Cassida emontinensis sp. nov. (South Africa), Cassida garambana sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of Congo), Cassida heroni sp. nov. (Mozambique and South Africa), Cassida kantnerorum sp. nov. (Malawi), Cassida leleupi sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda), Cassida minutissima sp. nov. (Somalia), Cassida nigeriana sp. nov. (Nigeria), Cassida oromiaensis sp. nov. (Ethiopia), Cassida overlaeti sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of Congo), Cassida oxylepiformis sp. nov. (South Africa), Cassida rabaiensis sp. nov. (Kenya), Cassida rogozinskii sp. nov. (Cameroon), Cassida satanas sp. nov. (Uganda), Cassida senegalensis sp. nov. (Senegal), Cassida shimba sp. nov. (Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique and South Africa), Cassida sparteiformis sp. nov. (Angola), Cassida stipidosa sp. nov. (Ethiopia), Cassida villersi sp. nov. (Burkina Faso and Niger), Cassida voiensis sp. nov. (Kenya), Cassida wanati sp. nov. (South Africa), and Cassida wittmeri sp. nov. (South Africa). The following new synonyms are proposed: Cassida callosicollis Spaeth, 1926 = Cassida magilensis Spaeth, 1926 syn. nov.; Cassida eluta Boheman, 1862 = Cassida cherenica Spaeth, 1917 syn. nov.; Cassida lacrymosa Boheman, 1854 = Cassida trepidula Spaeth, 1932 syn. nov.; Cassida praetimida Spaeth, 1912 = Cassida chapuisi Spaeth, 1912 syn. nov.; Cassida troglodytes Boheman, 1834 = Cassida impompalis Spaeth, 1924 syn. nov. = Cassida lueboensis Spaeth, 1932 syn. nov. Cassida setosa Chapuis, 1880 is a valid species and removed from synonymy with Cassida innotata Boheman, 1854. Colour photos, including intraspecific variablity, a key to species and maps of distribution are given.

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40

Biavasco, R., R. Molteni, D. Stefanoni, M. Ferrarini, E. Ferrero, S. Cenci, S. Cardaci, et al. "AB0052 ROLE OF TRAINED IMMUNITY AND IMMUNOMETABOLISM IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ERDHEIM-CHESTER DISEASE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1328.2–1328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2738.

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Background:Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by infiltration of bone and other tissues by foamy macrophages. These cells exhibit activating mutations along the MAPK pathway, most commonly BRAFV600E, and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Although this dual neoplastic-inflammatory nature of ECD has long fascinated scientists, the mechanistic link between these two features remains elusive. We hypothesized that Trained Immunity (TI), a pro-inflammatory cell program physiologically elicited in monocytes/macrophages upon activation of the MAPK pathway, might represent the missing link between oncogenic transformation and pro-inflammatory activation in ECD.Objectives:In this study, we aimed at determining the role of TI in the pathogenesis of ECD, and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of targeting this mechanism for the treatment of inflammation.Methods:We developed innovative models to study ECD pathogenesisin vitro(based on lentiviral transduction and ectopic expression of BRAFV600E in primary human monocytes), as well asex vivo(3D culture of ECD tissue biopsies in bioreactor). Functional and mechanistic features of TI, including typical changes in cell energy metabolism and epigenetics, were investigated by assessing I) cytokine and lactate production; II) mitochondrial respiration with Seahorse flux analyzer; III) glucose, glutamine and cholesterol metabolism with unbiased and targeted metabolomics analyses; IV) epigenetic changes with ChIP PCR; V) transcriptome changes with RNA sequencing.Results:Activation of the MAPK pathway induced by BRAFV600E in macrophages induces changes in the epigenetic and gene expression landscape, cell energy metabolism, and cytokine production characteristic of TI. In particular, changes in cell energy metabolism of macrophages are characterized by increased glycolysis, glutamine metabolism, and cholesterol synthesis. This metabolic rewiring is needed to sustain rampant, constitutive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.Conclusion:A role emerges for TI in the pathogenesis and pro-inflammatory activation of ECD. However, maladaptive activation of this mechanism is likely common to the pathogenesis of other inflammatory and rheumatologic diseases. Since drugs targeting TI programs are already entering the clinical arena, the identification of this mechanism in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and rheumatologic conditions may promptly translate into novel, effective treatment options for affected patients.Disclosure of Interests:Riccardo Biavasco Employee of: Bluebird, Raffaella Molteni: None declared, Davide Stefanoni: None declared, Marina Ferrarini: None declared, Elisabetta Ferrero: None declared, Simone Cenci: None declared, Simone Cardaci: None declared, Alessandra Boletta: None declared, Laura Cassina: None declared, Gianfranco Di Stefano: None declared, Jorge Dominguez Andres: None declared, Claudio Doglioni: None declared, Travis Nemkov: None declared, Ivan Merelli: None declared, Angelo D’Alessandro: None declared, Eugenio Montini: None declared, Mihai Netea: None declared, Lorenzo Dagna: None declared, Giulio Cavalli Consultant of: SOBI, Pfizer, Sanofi, Novartis, Paid instructor for: SOBI, Novartis, Speakers bureau: SOBI, Novartis

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Kim, Ye Jin, Sungwoo Lee, Jonghwa Jin, Hyein Woo, Yeon-Kyung Choi, and Keun-Gyu Park. "Cassiaside C Inhibits M1 Polarization of Macrophages by Downregulating Glycolysis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 1696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031696.

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Classically activated M1 macrophages reprogram their metabolism towards enhanced glycolysis to obtain energy and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines after activation by mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. Thus, a strategy that constrains M1 polarization of macrophages via downregulation of glycolysis is essential for treating chronic inflammatory diseases. Cassiae semen has pharmacological activity against various inflammatory diseases. However, it is unclear whether specific compounds within Cassia seeds affect M1 polarization of macrophages. Here, we investigated whether Cassiaside C napthopyrone from Cassiae semen inhibits M1 polarization by downregulating glycolysis. We found that Cassiaside C reduced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 and the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B, all of which are upregulated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon (IFN)-γ-treated Raw264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, Cassiaside C-treated macrophages showed marked suppression of LPS/IFN-γ-induced HIF-1α, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, and lactate dehydrogenase A expression, along with downregulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/AKT/mTORC1 signaling pathway. Consequently, Cassiaside C attenuated enhanced glycolysis and lactate production, but rescued diminished oxidative phosphorylation, in M1 polarized macrophages. Thus, Cassiaside C dampens M1 polarization of macrophages by downregulating glycolysis, which could be exploited as a therapeutic strategy for chronic inflammatory conditions.

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Orchard, A. E. "A revision of Cassinia (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) in Australia. 1. Introduction and generic and infrageneric considerations." Australian Systematic Botany 17, no. 5 (2004): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb04025.

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The nomenclatural and taxonomic history of Cassinia R.Br. is reviewed, particularly in relation to its close relative Ozothamnus R.Br. Current concepts of Ozothamnus are shown to be unsatisfactory, with that genus consisting of a 'core' of approximately 25 species (including the type species O.�rosmarinifolius R.Br.) which are defined by their possession of inner phyllaries with radiating tips and no paleae (or only very few) between the florets, and other characters. The other 25 species (approximate) of 'Ozothamnus' need re-examination and probable placement elsewhere (but not in Cassinia). Cassinia can be satisfactorily defined as a genus distinct from 'core' Ozothamnus. As a precursor to a series of papers describing the species of Cassinia (including a large number of new taxa), Cassinia is divided into two subgenera, seven sections and two series. New taxa described are Cassinia copensis Orchard, Cassinia subg. Achromolaena (Cass.) Orchard, Cassinia sect. Complanatae Orchard, Cassinia sect. Venustae Orchard, Cassinia sect. Leptocephalae Orchard, Cassinia sect. Costatae Orchard, Cassinia sect. Arcuatae Orchard, Cassinia (sect. Cassinia) ser. Cassinia and Cassinia (sect. Cassinia) ser. Longifoliae Orchard.

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43

Xu, Longlong, Jian Li, Xianglin Tang, Yuguang Wang, Zengchun Ma, and Yue Gao. "Metabolomics of Aurantio-Obtusin-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats for Discovery of Potential Biomarkers." Molecules 24, no. 19 (September 23, 2019): 3452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193452.

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Aurantio-obtusin is an anthraquinone derived from Cassia obtusifolia (cassiae semen). It is also used as a tool and a detection index for the identification of cassiae semen, as stipulated by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Anthraquinones, the main components in cassiae semen, have been reported to show hepatotoxicity. This study investigates the hepatotoxicity of aurantio-obtusin in male Sprague–Dawley rats. We randomly divided the animals into a blank control group and treated three test groups with different doses of aurantio-obtusin: Low dose (4 mg/kg), medium dose (40 mg/kg), and high dose (200 mg/kg). Each group was treated with aurantio-obtusin for 28 days, whereas the control group was administered an equal volume of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC-Na) aqueous solution. Subsequently, we conducted biochemical, hematological, and pathological investigations and determined the weight of different organs. We used serum metabolomics to identify possible biomarkers related to hepatotoxicity. The low-dose group showed no significant liver injury, whereas the medium- and high-dose groups manifested obvious liver injury. Compared with the control group, the test groups showed an increase in alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase levels. The liver organ coefficient also significantly increased. Additionally, we found significant changes in the hematological indices. Metabolomics analysis showed that aurantio-obtusin induced 28 endogenous markers related to liver injury. Our data indicate that aurantio-obtusin induces hepatotoxicity in rat liver in a dose-dependent manner and is mediated by pathways involving bile acids, fatty acids, amino acids, and energy metabolism. In particular, changes in bile acid content during treatment with therapeutic agents containing aurantio-obtusin deserve increased attention.

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44

BOROWIEC, LECH. "A monograph of the Afrotropical Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Part 5. Revision of the genus Aethiopocassis Spaeth." Zootaxa 4488, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4488.1.1.

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The genus Aethiopocassis Spaeth, 1922 is revised and 31 species are recognized as valid, all distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa. Seven species are described as new: Aethiopocassis angulicollis sp. nov. (Tanzania), Aethiopocassis dewittei sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of Congo), Aethiopocassis garambana sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of Congo), Aethiopocassis guineensis sp. nov. (Guinea), Aethiopocassis huilaensis sp. nov. (Angola), Aethiopocassis longidoana sp. nov. (Tanzania), and Aethiopocassis transvaalensis sp. nov. (Republic of South Africa). The following new synonyms are proposed: Aethiopocassis fugax (Spaeth, 1906) = Cassida (Aethiopocassis) scita Spaeth, 1924 syn. nov.; Aethiopocassis gallarum (Spaeth, 1906) = Cassida deplanata Spaeth, 1906 syn. nov. = Cassida sjoestedti Spaeth, 1906 syn. nov. = Cassida (Aethiopocassis) burensis Spaeth, 1924 syn. nov.; Aethiopocassis pauli (Weise, 1898) = Cassida pauli var. deleta Weise, 1899 syn. nov. = Cassida (Aethiopocassis) alluaudi Spaeth, 1924 syn. nov.; Aethiopocassis silphoides (Spaeth, 1906) = Cassida (Aethiopocassis) silphoides ssp. katangana Spaeth, 1933 syn. nov.; Aethiopocassis suspiciosa (Weise, 1903) = Cassida suspiciosa var. connexa Weise, 1906 syn. nov. = Cassida suspiciosa ssp. picturata Spaeth, 1934 syn. nov. = Cassida manubialis Spaeth, 1906 syn. nov., = Cassida decipiens Spaeth, 1906 syn. nov. = Cassida (Aethiopocassis) maynei Spaeth, 1933 syn. nov. = Aethiopocassis suspiciosa ssp. flavofemorata Spaeth, 1934 syn. nov. = Aethiopocassis maynei ssp. biramosa Spaeth, 1934 syn. nov. Colour photos, including intraspecific variablity, a key to species and maps of distribution are given.

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45

De Moura, Tânia M., Roy E. Gereau, Ana P. Tachevski, and Juliana G. Rando. "Notes and Updates on the Typification of Some Cassia (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae) Names." Novon, A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature 27, no. 4 (November 4, 2019): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3417/2019422.

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S. Irwin and R. C. Barneby made a significant contribution to the knowledge of Leguminosae, especially in the tribe Cassieae (Caesalpinioideae). Nevertheless, their work included use of some unconventional terms for type designations, i.e., lectoholotypus and neoholotypus, which do not appear in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. Some authors have recognized them as lectotypes, and we interpret them as such. Analyzing the 53 names for which a “neoholotypus” was designated, we identified several other errors by Irwin and Barneby. These include citation of incorrect type collection numbers for Cassia atroglandulosa Taub. ex Harms and C. laxiracemosa Harms and of an incorrect herbarium acronym for C. catingae Harms and C. sincorana Harms. Here, we provide brief explanations to clarify these situations. A second-step lectotype is designated for C. repens Vogel. Finally, it is noted that the type designation of C. bradei Ekman ex Harms requires, at least, second-step lectotypification, which cannot be done until the herbarium at S becomes accessible.

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Wang, Luyang, Weixing Zhang, Xicun Chai, Yu Zhou, and Chunxia He. "Effect of dry heat and polishing treatment on the germination rate and performance of seeds from Cassia obtusifolia L. as a turf filling material." BioResources 18, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 2626–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.2.2626-2638.

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Seeds from Cassia obtusifolia L., i.e. Semen cassiae (SC) were evaluated as environmentally friendly filler particles for artificial turf. The goal was to avoid unwanted germination problems of SC under wet conditions. This work evaluated the influence of different pretreatments on the germination rate and performance of SC. After the combination of polishing and dry heat (90 °C, 72 h) treatment, the germination rate of SC decreased to 0% and the activation energy increased to 216 kJ/mol. Compared with the untreated SC, the thermal stability of SC improved, with an initial degradation temperature of 214 °C and a pyrolysis residue of 31.9%. Additionally, the resilience and the water absorption of SC as a filler material increased to 4.13% and 169%, respectively. This study provides an effective pretreatment method for the solution of germination problem and the performance improvement of SC. This makes the pretreated SC a prospective candidate as an environmentally protective granular filling material.

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Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso O., and Mario Sousa-Sánchez. "Biología floral del género Cassia en la región de Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz." Botanical Sciences, no. 37 (December 8, 2016): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.1162.

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<p>El presente trabajo contribuye al conocimiento de la polinización y biologíafloral en el género Cassia. El estudio se realizó, fundamentalmente, en la región de Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, y las especies donde se efectuaron las observaciones fueron las siguientes: Cassia fistula, Cassia doylei, Cassia fruticosa, Cassia bicapsularis, Cassia leiophylla, Cassia obtusifolia, Cassia occidentalis y Cassia biflora. Se analizó la floración de todas las especies que se encuentran en la región y se observó cierta asincronía en los períodos de floración, particularmente en las especies arbóreas, proponiéndose la existencia de un aislamiento estacional entre las especies. En base a la observación de la morfología y disposición de<br />las partes florales, así como al comportamiento de los polinizadores, esto deriva en un aislamiento mecánico-etológico. Finalmente, se revalúan algunas características reproductivas que deben ser consideradas en futuros estudios taxonómicos en el género Cassia.</p>

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Zhixin, L., and B. A. Kats. "Riemann boundary-value problem on Cassini spirals." Issues of Analysis 28, no. 1 (February 2021): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j3.art.2021.9770.

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Lawless, George. "John Cassian." Augustinian Studies 31, no. 1 (2000): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/augstudies20003113.

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Coakley, Robert W., David Hapgood, and David Richardson. "Monte Cassino." American Historical Review 90, no. 2 (April 1985): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1852699.

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