Дисертації з теми "Cartographie – Alpes"
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Guilhot, Nicolas Ramunni Girolamo. "Histoire d'une parenthèse cartographique les Alpes du Nord dans la cartographie topographique française aux 19e et 20e siècles /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/guilhot_n.
Повний текст джерелаGuilhot, Nicolas. "Histoire d'une parenthèse cartographique : Les Alpes du Nord dans la cartographie topographique française aux 19e et 20e siècles." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/guilhot_n.
Повний текст джерелаKieffer, Weisse Anne. "Étude des précipitations exceptionnelles de pas de temps court en relief accidenté (Alpes francaises) : méthode de cartographie des précipitations extrêmes : relations avec le contexte topographique : utilisation de l'information au pas de temps de la journée." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0082.
Повний текст джерелаJoyet, Perrine. "Rendre les Alpes intelligibles : Figurations cartographiques et paysagères des territoires de montagne au temps de Jean de Beins (v. 1580 - v. 1630)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04687136.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis examines the processes involved in visualising the Alps at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. Inhabited as much as fantasised about, the Alpine mountain territories were, at the dawn of this period, a difficult space to depict, given the environment that made the processes of depiction, particularly cartographic, so complex. However, this thesis proposes to analyse this difficulty not solely from a scholarly and technical angle, but rather from the premise that there are diverse and complex territorialities - in other words, human relationships - to territory. In the mountains, these are sometimes out of step with those of the plains and towns, which leads to see the Alps as a territory of marginality. The analysis focused of the western Alps allows to bring into dialogue the political and scholarly territorialities that differ according to the different sovereignties that are exercised. In this way, it shows how this marginality is sometimes exacerbated, sometimes used and trivialised by the various sovereign states in the Alps. This study begins by looking at the images that provided access to the Alps at the end of the 16th century, comparing the images of the Alps that existed in the 1590s with the cartographic work of Jean de Beins (1577-1651), the King's engineer geographer in Dauphiné, produced during the first decades of the 17th century. In the second stage, the analysis is devoted to the production of figurations, focusing on the intellectual tools that established a strong link between direct visual observation and the figuration of places; the material forms through which these visual representations were embodied and their hybridity, which constituted a standard; and the various actors involved in the production, from the prince who commissioned the work to the engineer who directed the operations, not forgetting the various anonymous local people. The thesis thus shows the multiple territorialities of the elites, often exogenous, who either seek to clarify the configurations of these territories that escape them, or interest them for the curiosities that they conceal. This research highlights how the cartographic and landscape representations of these mountain territories, by mediating them, give them meaning, and thus make them intelligible
Lanari, Pierre. "Micro-cartographie P-T-" dans les roches métamorphiques. Applications aux Alpes et à l'Himalaya." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00799283.
Повний текст джерелаLahousse, Philippe. "Recherches géomorphologiques et cartographie des aléas naturels dans la vallée de la Guisane (Hautes-Alpes, Briannçonnais)." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10014.
Повний текст джерелаOn the 9th of july 1981, after a violent storm, the torrent of the verdarel caused extensive damage to infrastructures and buildings in the commune of st-chaffrey (part of the serre-chevalier ski resort, in the hautes-alpes department). If the control of the mountain torrents is certainly not a new problem, this unprecedented torrential flood had the unhappy privilege of reminding the elected members of the necessity of implementing preventive measures concerning natural hazards. Such an undertaking absolutely requires a scientific support intented to specify the interactions between the functioning of the natural environment and the human society. Firstly, this implies a detailed mapping which enabled me to draw up an exhaustive inventory of the phenomena which are liable to generate a threat. Among them, the mass movements hold an important place. They are very different (landslides, mud flows, rock falls, etc). And they sometimes hit entire slopes. The following research of the factors of instability is chiefly turned to bioclimate conditions and the geomorphological environment (morphostructural context, glacial print, periglacial area). A historical survey has also been undertaken so as to define the dangers induced by the torrential activity. The step also involves the setting of several lines of stakes in order to specify the degree of activity of a mud flow. It finally leads to the achievement of a natural hazards map inspired by the z. E. R. M. O. S. Example
Martini, Audrey. "Télédétection d'un couvert neigeux en milieux alpins à partir de données SAR polarimétriques multi-fréquentielles et multi-temporelles." Rennes 1, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133805.
Повний текст джерелаThiery, Yannick. "Susceptibilité aux mouvements de versant dans le bassin de Barcelonnette : cartographie morphodynamique, analyse spatiale et modélisation probabiliste." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN1501.
Повний текст джерелаThiery, Yannick. "Susceptibilité du bassin de Barcelonnette (Alpes du Sud, France) aux 'mouvements de versant' : cartographie morphodynamique, analyse spatiale et modélisation probabiliste." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00259135.
Повний текст джерелаMonnier, Sébastien. "Les glaciers-rocheux, objets géographiques : analyse spatiale multiscalaire et investigations environnementales : application aux Alpes de Vanoise." Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002456550204611&vid=upec.
Повний текст джерелаThe goal of the thesis is understanding how the rockglaciers have been set up in the Alps of Vanoise. The approach is a multiscale one from the scale of the massif to the scale of individual rockglaciers. Quantitative methods are used at the scale of the massif and geomorphologic mapping, ground penetrating radar and climatic monitoring are applied to the individual cases. Quantitative approach leads to an understanding of the apparition of an almost-160 rockglaciers population. Multivarious analysis and modelisation highlight several dynamic and chronologic elements. Rockglaciers are mainly seen as morphodynamic adaptations in spaces abandoned by glaciers ; they are entered in a subsequence to the deglaciation. At a large scale, results of mapping and ground penetrating radar investigations show complex spatial compositions ; the idea of rockglaciers built up in several stages and by several processes is the most important conclusion. In a last part, focus is made on the environmental evidence of the rockglaciers. A chronologic positioning is attempted and gives ages of many millenia, even until the end of the last glaciation. Finally, the study of the thermic regime in the surface layer of three rockglaciers highlights the function of the rockglaciers surface morphology in preserving the internal cryosphere
Longépé, Nicolas. "Apport de l’imagerie SAR satellitaire en bandes L et C pour la caractérisation du couvert neigeux." Rennes 1, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00367960.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis concerns snow remote sensing using spaceborne SAR imagery at L- and C-Bands. An electromagnetic (EM) backscattering model is developed to calculate radar backscatter from snow cover. This model takes into consideration both the vertical snowpack structure and the metamorphosis state of each snow layer. It is validated using in situ snow profiles and SAR data simultaneously acquired by the ASAR/ENVISAT sensor in 2004. The main contribution of this study consists in the combination of dual-polarization SAR data with the meteorological Crocus model developed by Météo-France. To characterize the variability of alpine snowpack, Crocus snow profiles are spatially reorganized by minimizing the difference between simulated and measured C-Band SAR data. Snow characteristics maps have been created at SAR resolution level for the French massifs ``Grandes Rousses'' and ``Oisans''. The potential of polarimetric L-Band SAR data for snow characterization is investigated in rural areas. A classification method based on Support Vector Machine techniques is developed and evaluated with SAR data acquired by the PALSAR/ALOS sensor
Bourdon, Étienne. "Le voyage et la connaissance des Alpes occidentales en France et en Italie de la fin du XVe siècle au début du XVIIIe siècle : 1492-1713." Grenoble 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE29007.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis analyzes the relation between the experience of travel and the constitution of a new knowledge about the western Alps from 1492 to 1713 among French and Italian elites. The research leans on the study of textual and cartographic sources. The first part presents the travellers and theirs motivations as well as the reconstitution of biogeographic conditions of the western Alps. The second part is devoted to the organization of the middle Ages knowledge heritages. Al last, the fourth part puts in a prominent position the discovery of western Alps between the end of 15th century and the beginning of the 18th century
Gabalda, Sunsearé. "Processus d'exhumation dans les Alpes occidentales : modélisation géométrique et reconstitution géodynamique sur la transversale Chartreuse-Maurienne, une approche multi-échelle." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005248.
Повний текст джерелаCherpeau, Aline. "Télédétection et agroécologie : un essai de cartographie destinée à la gestion des milieux herbacés de haute montagne : application au Parc national des Ecrins." Grenoble 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10106.
Повний текст джерелаMarquet, Isabelle. "Atlas linguistique parlant d'une région des Alpes occidentales : étude de la variabilite phonétique entre le Vercors et la frontière italienne." Université Stendhal (Grenoble ; 1970-2015), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE39051.
Повний текст джерелаElaboration and establisment of a sonours linguistic atlas from data concerming 25 survey points located in the area of isere, savoie and hautes-alpes. This atlas, the first of its type elaborated in france, constitutes a sonorous data bank automatically consultable by clicking on a visual card on a macintosh screen, or, at a distance, through network. This atlas is completed by a study of the structure and phonetical wariability of the dialects talked in the alpine area mentioned below. The study also takes into account the data presented in other atlases like the atlas linguistique de la france (alf) and 2 regional atlases : atlas linguistique du jura et des alpes du nord (alja) and atlas linguistique et ethnographique de la provence (alp)
Guerine, Lakhdar. "Modélisation et spatialisation de l'érosion hydrique sur les terrains marneux des Alpes de Haute Provence (la Motte du Caire) : outils de prédiction et possibilités de cartographie." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE10025.
Повний текст джерелаYousaf, Zahida. "Analyse des aléas gravitaires et des vulnérabilités et résiliences territoriales dans le département des Alpes-Maritimes." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE4011.
Повний текст джерелаThis study was conducted within Alps-Maritimes located SE of France, where Le Bar-Sur-Loup was pilot study area to test multidisciplinary approach to analyze hazard, vulnerability and resilience under risk domains. The principal aim of this study was to use an integrated approach and methodology to identify and analyze shallow landslides evolution in response to different ground water rise scenarios due to regional climate variability, and predicts territorial vulnerabilities of different territorial elements exposed to shallow landslides hazard with combine approach of territorial resilience. Conceptual model of territorial vulnerability and territorial resilience were developed based on identified territorial elements. Results were presented as maps of hazard, territorial vulnerability, and territorial resilience and risk
Djerboua, Abdelatif. "Prédétermination des pluies et crues extrêmes dans les Alpes franco-italiennes : prévision quantitative des pluies journalières par la méthode des analogues." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0030.
Повний текст джерелаRivoal, Annabelle. "Caractérisation des formations arbustives méditerranéennes pour l'amélioration de la prévision de la pollution à l'ozone." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2010AIX11028.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBiogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC), mainly emitted by vegetation, contribute to ozone pollution in presence of nitrogen oxides (NOx). In the PACA region, shrublands cover large areas and are strong BVOC emitter. However, they were poorly accounted in the chemistry-transport model CHIMERE used for ozone pollution forecast. This study aims to improve their integration in CHIMERE through three main components: the spatial distribution of the main shrub species and of their foliar biomasses and updated of emission factor. First, species composition of shrubland was studied in order to derive a typology based on dominant species. This typology was used to map shrublands using supervised classifications of remote sensing data. Second, non-destructive methods for foliar biomass estimation were defined. Local estimations of foliar biomass were carried out and used to map the main species biomass spatial variability. Then, emission data available in literature were reviewed and summarized in order to improve emission factor data. Besides, measurement carried out on field showed significant season and soil effect on monoterpene emissions of Cistus monspeliensis, a widespread shrub in Mediterranean area. Finally, the effect of shrubland refinement in BVOC emissions and ozone forecast was test in CHIMERE. It appears that shrubland refinement lead to increase of BVOC emission (+6 to +10%) resulting in increased ozone production (+2 to +8%). One shrubland per administrative department seems to give similar results to those obtained using a gridded variability of shrublands at 1Km scale. COVb need to be mixed with NOx to produce ozone, therefore the variation of ozone level is mainly observed in the Berre-Aix-Marseille area
Veysseyre, Audrey. "Dépôts de métaux lourds sur le manteau neigeux alpin français : cartographie de flux et identification des sources ; impact de la météorologie et du relief." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00761372.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Gouz de Saint-Seine Jacques. "Monographie hydrologique et hydraulique du Paillon de Nice en vue de la gestion du risque inondation." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0053.
Повний текст джерелаMarage, Damien. "Déterminisme, dynamique et modélisation spatiale de la diversité floristique dans un contexte de déprise pastorale. Application à la gestion durable des espaces montagnards sous influence méditerranéenne." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000906.
Повний текст джерелаGarguet-Duport, Bruno. "Fusion d'images et télédétection en écologie du paysage : application à l'étude structurale d'un corridor fluvial alpin." Grenoble 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10159.
Повний текст джерелаLLUCH, DIDIER. "Les unites a materiel sedimentaire supra-"schistes lustres" de saint florent et de macinaggio (corse du nord)." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30029.
Повний текст джерелаFermon, Paul. "Le peintre et la carte : les représentations des espaces locaux dans les documents juridiques et iconographiques entre Alpes et Rhône (début XIVe s. - début XVIe s.)." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EPHE4076.
Повний текст джерелаThe rise of local cartography at the end of the Middle Ages was shaped by the association of two ways of seeing and showing the world : painting and cartography. This association promoted the spreading of numerous new practices of spatial representation between the 14th century and the beginning of the 16th century at some local and regional scales rarely used before. Those practices attempted to reproduce the experience of sight. This kind of document is mostly often called « figures » or « portraits » by their authors. But archivists and scholars use another vocabulary according to formal criteria : sketches, plans, local maps, descriptions or views. The expression « vue figurée » (pictured view) used since the 16th century characterizes this documentation by stating the very nature of this kind of representation. The « vues figurées » do not belong to any geographical categorizations and were directly drawn by some agents of authorities to discuss territories or places. The thesis analyses juridical, social and cultural practices along with particular perceptions this kind of document refers to
Pissard, Pierre-André. "Intégration des données écologiques et paysagères dans l'aménagement des territoires de montagne : développement d'outils d'aide à la décision et à la gestion : bases de données, modélisations et cartographies environnementales, expérimentation sur la commune de Gap (Hautes-Alpes, France)." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE1A002.
Повний текст джерелаHessas, Nassima. "Évaluation cartographique et évolution diachronique par télédétection du risque incendie de forêt : simulation de la propagation du feu dans le bassin versant du Paillon, Nice, Alpes-Maritimes." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10248.
Повний текст джерелаDue to its climate and mountainous relief, as well as the tourism, urban and economic stakes involved, Alpes-Maritimes is the most exposed to fire risks. This thesis has sought to detect and locate risks, then assess their consequences. In order to study the environmental impacts of fires, it was necessary to determine how often and where they occur. As vast areas are involved, remote sensing by aerial or satellite photography is one of the means of understanding such large-scale phenomena. Yearly statistical were made of 30 years of fires, first over the whole department, then town by town, on the basis of the following questions: What are the causes? How often do fires occur and of what amplitude? Do weather conditions play a part in starting and spreading fires? Why was summer 2003 such a catastrophe? The use of GIS for cartographic assessment was shown to be an efficient scientific tool for examining and highlighting exposure to hazard as well as for expressing vulnerability and determining the zoning which developers, prescribers and decision makers incorporate in their overall approach to local development at various appropriate. The multiplication of classifications and PCA of a satellite picture and the FCA of the entire basin contribute considerably to understanding the phenomenon. Forest fires engender fundamental modifications of land use and zoning. A diachronic study of the evolution of the Paillon, based on 3 series of aerial photographs and with the help of remote sensing and GIS, enabled extremely precise spatial-temporal dimensions to be determined. Studying simulations of the way fires spread can help with decision-making
Marage, Damien. "Déterminisme, dynamique et modélisation spatiale de la diversité floristique dans un contexte de reprise pastorale : application à la gestion durable des espaces montagnards sous influence méditerranéenne." Paris, ENGREF, 2004. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000906.
Повний текст джерелаIn European mountain, the pastoral activity decreases unrelentingly. The post-cultural succession modifies the structure and functionning of vegetation, deriving as well in its contents as in its expression, of a traditional use. The sustainable management of this lands in constant change must avoid calling into question their taxonomic and ecological persistence. The study was carried out in a watershed call « Petit Buëch » located in the Hautes-Alpes (France), and registered in the Natura2000 network. To assess, analyse and monitor this site and associated threatened species, we had using statistical modelling techniques, to understand the patterns of plant species and their richness. The explanatory factors used in the models were physical and bioclimatic variables derived from a digital elevation model (DEM) and from land use history, all constructed in a 50 m-resolution GIS environment. GLM (generalized linear models) were used to construct the models using a forward stepwise procedure. The models are discussed in the context of current theories on species richness and vegetation dynamics. Modeling of threatened species, vegetation and plant species richness based on areal photographers and GIS can provide useful information needed in land use planning and policy-makers
Bonnet-Staub, Isabelle. "Mécanismes d'initiation des laves torrentielles dans las Alpes françaises - Contribution à la maitrise du risque." Phd thesis, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00688836.
Повний текст джерелаGroppo, Chiara. "LE RISQUE ASBESTE DANS LES ALPES OCCIDENTALES CARTOGRAPHIE, PETROGRAPHIE, QUANTIFICATION DES MINERAUX FIBREUX DANS LES SERPENTINITES ASBESTIPHERES DE LA ZONE PIEMONTAISE. APPLICATION A LES VALLEES DE SUSA ET DE LANZO." Phd thesis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00113960.
Повний текст джерелаLe caractère pathogène des fibres d'asbeste est associé aux facteurs suivants : i) faciès fibreux (un minéral est défini comme fibreux si le rapport longueur/diamètre est plus grand de 3 :1) ; ii) facteurs chimiques et minéralogiques (types de fibre, composition chimique, réactivité de surface) ; iii) la bio persistance. Ces facteurs sont interconnectés car les dimensions de la fibre influencent sa réactivité superficielle, la composition de la fibre contrôle sa bio persistance et la bio persistance est aussi associée au faciès de la fibre.
Dans les Alpes Occidentales, les minéraux fibreux sont concentrés dans la Zone Piémontaise des Schistes Lustrès à méta-ophiolites. Cette étude fait partie d'une projet multidisciplinaire intitulé « Le risque asbeste dans les Alpes Occidentales », visé à l'étude de la présence, du risque et de la possible inactivation des minéraux fibreux dans les Alpes Occidentales. Ce projet, financé par l'Assessorato all'Ambiente de la Regione Piemonte, a été coordonné par le Centro Interdipartimentale « G. Scansetti » de l'Université de Torino. Cette étude se fonde sur les questions suivantes : i) Quels sont les minéraux fibreux dans les vallées de Susa et de Lanzo ? ii) Où ces minéraux sont-ils concentrés ? Quelles conditions génétiques contrôlent leur croissance ? iii) Quel est le pourcentage les minéraux fibreux dans les serpentines? Sur la base de ces questions, cette thèse a été organisée en six chapitres :
•Chapitre 1 – Les six minéraux fibreux définis comme asbeste sont présentés et leur potentiel pathogène est discuté.
•Chapitre 2 – La Zone Piémontaise des Schistes Lustrés à méta-ophiolites est décrite brièvement.
•Chapitre 3 – Ce chapitre traite de la caractérisation minéralogique et chimique des minéraux fibreux reconnus dans les serpentinites étudiées, c'est-à-dire des minéraux du groupe des serpentines (chrysotile et lizardite), la balangéroïte, le diopside, la trémolite et la carlosturanite. Pour chacun de ces minéraux sont présentées la structure cristallographique, les propriétés optiques, la composition chimique et les propriétés vibrationnelles (Μ-Raman et FTIR).
•Chapitre 4 – Ce chapitre traite de l'étude pétrologique des serpentinites des vallées de Susa et de Lanzo, réalisée par microscopie optique et électronique, et spectroscopie Μ-Raman. Dans la première partie, les mécanismes de la serpentinisation sont présentés et les microstructures des serpentinites sont décrits en détail. Dans la deuxième partie, les cinq générations de veines métamorphiques reconnues dans les serpentines sont décrites en détail et des modes de formation sont proposés. La trajectoire P-T estimée pour les serpentinites, sur la base des observations microstructurales et des données thermobarométriques, est discutée à la lumière des diagrammes Μ(Ca2+/Mg2+)-Μ(SiO2) et P-T, calculés grâce à la technique des pseudosections.
•Chapitre 5 – Ce chapitre traite du problème de la détermination quantitative des minéraux fibreux dans les roches. Dans la première partie, les techniques traditionnelles pour la détermination quantitative de l'asbeste dans le matériel solide sont présentées. Dans la deuxième partie, deux nouvelles techniques sont décrites en détail. La première est basée sur la spectroscopie FTIR appliquée à une mélange de antigorite + chrysotile. La deuxième sur l'analyse des images SEM (BSE) associée à la spectroscopie micro-Raman.
•Chapitre 6 – Il s'agit du chapitre de conclusion, où sont brièvement discutés les résultats, les questions encore ouvertes et les perspectives futures de ce travail.
Hessas, Nassima. "Evaluation cartographique et évolution diachronique par télédétection du risque incendie de forêt. Simulation de la propagation du feu dans le bassin versant du Paillon, Nice, Alpes-Maritimes." Phd thesis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00142644.
Повний текст джерела