Дисертації з теми "Carico organico"
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Aldrovandi, Aba <1977>. "Ottimizzazione dei processi depurativi di reflui ad elevato carico organico a fini di recupero energetico." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2723/1/Aldrovandi_Aba_tesi.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAldrovandi, Aba <1977>. "Ottimizzazione dei processi depurativi di reflui ad elevato carico organico a fini di recupero energetico." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2723/.
Повний текст джерелаFragai, Marco. "Analisi e simulazione di un ciclo Rankine organico per il recupero di energia a bassa entalpia." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10691/.
Повний текст джерелаMonti, Maurizio. "Trasporto di carica in cristalli organici semiconduttori." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7402/.
Повний текст джерелаSilverio, Thiago Cunha. "Efeito da adi??o do leite de vaca ? calda bordalesa no controle da var?ola do mamoeiro em diferentes densidades de cultivo em sistema org?nico." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1703.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq
The study was conducted, in the center of Integrated Rural Education State-CEIER, located in the municipality of White Eagle, Northwest of the State of Esp?rito Santo, the aim of this study was to evaluate the action of the whole milk added to the Bordeaux mixture Asperisporium caricae control, causative agent of smallpox and the behavior of this disease in different population densities the papaya tree. In setting up the experiment, the seedlings were separated by size: smaller, medium-sized and larger, so that the implementation of the orchard, there was within each block seedlings with similar vigor. The seedlings of papaya (Carica papaya L.) were prepared, using seeds of papayas hermaphrodites of the cultivar ' Golden Sunrise ', belonging to the soil. On planting and leading between each block, was grown legumes Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) as green manure. The plants were bi-monthly composted manure tanned and potassium sulphate and alternating sprays with foliar fertilizer Agrobio (2%). The phytosanitary control followed the rules of organic farming. Spontaneous herbs were controlled by means of plant cover (Sunn hemp biomass) and periodic ro?adas. It took the experimental design of randomized blocks, being arranged in factorial arrangement of treatments. We evaluated the whole milk concentrations (0,0%, 5% and 10%) + 1% Bordeaux mixture (subplots), in six different breeding densities (1667, 2167, 3167, 2667, 3667 and 4167 plants. hectare-1). Based on the results it is concluded that: the addition of raw cow's milk to the Bordeaux mixture enables greater control of smallpox of papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits; the mixture prepared with 10% of raw cow's milk in Bordeaux mixture, the greater the inhibition signs of smallpox from papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits; analyzing by vegetative aspect of papaya, the greatest effect of the addition of raw cow's milk in Bordeaux mixture occurs in younger leaves; the extent to which increasing the dosage raw cow's milk, from zero to 10%, in Bordeaux, increases linearly, the ability to control the smallpox of the papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits; less degradated plantations allow lower occurrence of smallpox from papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits, if compared to those more Caterpillar; the density of plantation of papaya of 1667 plants.ha-4167 plants even 1.ha-1 the severity of smallpox of the papaya tree increases in a linear fashion; smallpox papaya progresses, exponentially, from bottom to top and/or older leaves to the newest; the part of the fruit, stuck in the plant, yet more exposed to external factors, is the most affected by smallpox of papaya, compared with the part facing the stem; analyzing for the papaya reproductive aspect, the greatest effect of the addition of raw cow's milk in Bordeaux is noticed on the face less exposed of the fruit; and, eat avocado with more leaves infected by smallpox will produce fruits also more affected by this disease
O estudo foi conduzido, no Centro Estadual Integrado de Educa??o Rural ? CEIER, situado no munic?pio de ?guia Branca, Regi?o Noroeste do Estado do Esp?rito Santo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a a??o do leite integral adicionado ? calda bordalesa no controle do Asperisporium caricae, agente causal da var?ola e o comportamento desta doen?a em diferentes densidades de cultivo do mamoeiro. Na montagem do experimento, as mudas foram separadas por tamanho: menores, m?dias e maiores, de forma que na implanta??o do pomar, houvesse dentro de cada bloco mudas com padr?o de vigor parecido. As mudas de mamoeiro (Carica papaya L.) foram preparadas, utilizando-se sementes de mam?es hermafroditas da cultivar ?Sunrise Golden?, pertencente ao grupo Solo. Na entrelinha de plantio e entre cada bloco, foi cultivada a leguminosa crotal?ria (Crotalaria juncea) como adubo verde. As plantas foram bimensalmente adubadas com esterco curtido e sulfato de pot?ssio e pulveriza??es alternadas, com o biofertilizante l?quido Agrobio (2%). O controle fitossanit?rio seguiu as normas da agricultura org?nica. As ervas espont?neas foram controladas por meio de cobertura vegetal (biomassa da crotal?ria) e de ro?adas peri?dicas. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, sendo os tratamentos dispostos em parcelas subdivididas. Avaliaram-se as concentra??es de leite integral (0,0%, 5% e 10%) + calda bordalesa 1% (subparcelas), dentro de seis densidades de cultivo diferentes (1667, 2167, 2667, 3167, 3667 e 4167 plantas.hectare-1). Com base nos resultados conclui-se que: a adi??o de leite de vaca cru ? calda bordalesa possibilita maior capacidade de controle da var?ola do mamoeiro, tanto nas folhas, quanto nos frutos; a mistura preparada com 10% de leite de vaca cru na calda bordalesa, propiciou a maior inibi??o dos sinais da var?ola do mamoeiro, tanto nas folhas, quanto nos frutos; analisando pelo aspecto vegetativo do mamoeiro, o maior efeito da adi??o do leite de vaca cru na calda bordalesa ocorre nas folhas mais novas; a medida em que se aumenta a dosagem de leite de vaca cru, de zero at? 10%, na calda bordalesa, aumenta-se, linearmente, a capacidade de controle da var?ola do mamoeiro, tanto nas folhas, quanto nos frutos; plantios menos adensados possibilitam menor ocorr?ncia da var?ola do mamoeiro, tanto nas folhas, quanto nos frutos, se comparados ?queles mais adensados; da densidade de plantio do mamoeiro de 1667 plantas.ha-1 at? 4167 plantas.ha-1 a severidade da var?ola do mamoeiro aumenta de maneira linear; a var?ola do mamoeiro progride, exponencialmente, de baixo para cima e/ou das folhas mais velhas para as mais novas; a parte do fruto, preso ainda na planta, mais exposta aos fatores externos, ? a mais acometida pela var?ola do mamoeiro, se comparado com a parte voltada para o caule da mesma; analisando pelo aspecto reprodutivo do mamoeiro, o maior efeito da adi??o do leite de vaca cru na calda bordalesa ? notado na face menos exposta do fruto; e, mamoeiros com as folhas mais infectadas pela var?ola produzir?o frutos tamb?m mais acometidos por esta doen?a.
Lorenzoni, Laura. "The influence of local rivers on the eastern cariaco basin, Venezuela." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001152.
Повний текст джерелаPastore, Remi Luís. "Variedades crioulas de figueiras (Ficus carica L.): etnoconhecimento e manejo da ferrugem (Cerotelium fici Cast.)." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2014. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1194.
Повний текст джерелаThe objectives of the survey and typing traditional orchards subsistence containing fig plants in rural and urban perimeter Catarina were performing. Characterize the roughness of the fig tree clones and evaluate the use of homeopathic preparations in fig rust control in organic production systems. The metodology used for the survey and location of fig germplasm nigger were held through technical visits. We conducted 43 interviews with semi-structured questionnaire, rising information about the history, potential use, ways to use the fruit and procedures for management of fig. For characterization of resistance expedriments were conducted at the Experimental Station of the Agriocultural Research and Rural Extension, Lages, SC and the Federal Institute of Santa Catarina Concord Campus, in the period 2013/2014. The experiments consisted of evaluation of 35 clones in four replication, with and experimental ploto f fours plants, the revews were incidence and severity of rust on the leaves fortnightly. The study wth the use of homeopathic preparations was conducted in the greenhouse and the field at trhe Federal Institute of Santa Catarina Concord Campus, SC, in two cropping cycles, 2012/2014. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications, the field and eight replicates in a greenhouse. The homeopatic treatments were prepared: Belladonna, Ferrum fosforicum, Aconitum napelus and biotherapic of fig leaves, all in CH12 (twelfth order of Hahnemann s centesimal dolution), Bordeaux mixture 0.2% and 0.3% sulfue syruo. Witnesses were water and non-intervention. It was found that the cultivation of the fig tree is associated with the lemon, orange, bergamoteiras, vines, peac, persimmon and plum trees in backyards, near the home. Phytosanitary problems were repprted by 86% of respondentes in rural areas and 14% in the urban áreas. All respondentes (43) figs intended for personal use and also sells only one. The age of the plants of figs were between 8-65 years. Two accessions of purple figs and two accessions of fine purple fig showed less incidence and severity ofrust on the leaves. The availability of Creoles genotypes resistance to rust offers potential for use on a comercial scale in the locations studies. In the greenhouse, fig treated with Belladonna 12CH, 0.2% Bordeaux misture and lime súlfur to 0.3% showed less senescence and showed the lowest área under the disease progress curve. The field, fig treated with Belladonna 12CH, 0.2% Bordeaux mixture and lime súlfur to 0.3% also showed the lowest área under the disease progress curve and a lower incidence of rust average of seven ecaluations. Holders of knowledge about the cultivation and use of fig fruits are prevalente in the elderly. There Creoles genptypes high resistance rust. Belladonna and nosode rust were equivalente to Bordeaux mixture in most trials in the management of rust fig
Este estudo teve objetivo de reconhecer germoplasma crioulo de figo, o conhecimento associado e avaliar a resistência da figueira e uso de preparados homeopáticos no manejo da ferrugem. A localização e levantamento de germoplasma de figo crioulo foram realizadas através de visitas técnicas a área rural no Oeste Catarinense e urbana de Lages. Realizou-se 43 entrevistas com questionário semi-estruturado, levantandose informações sobre o histórico, potencial de uso, formas de utilização do fruto e procedimentos de manejo de figueiras. Para caracterização de resistência experimentos foram realizados na Estação Experimental da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural, Lages, SC e no Instituto Federal Catarinense Campus Concórdia, no período de 2013/2014. Os experimentos constaram de avaliação de 35 clones em quatro repetições, sendo a parcela experimental de quatro plantas. As avaliações foram quinzenais de incidência e severidade de ferrugem nas folhas. O estudo com uso de preparados homeopáticos foi realizado em casa de vegetação e a campo no Instituto Federal Catarinense Campus Concórdia, SC, em dois ciclos de cultivo de 2012 a 2014. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, a campo, e oito repetições, em casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos foram os preparados homeopáticos: Belladonna, Ferrum fosforicum, Aconitum napelus, e bioterápico de folhas de figueiras, todas na CH12 (décima segunda ordem de diluição centesimal hahnemanniana). Calda bordalesa a 0,2% e calda sulfocalcica a 0,3% foram os tratamentos padrão. Testemunhas foram a água e não intervenção. Verificou-se que o cultivo da figueira está associado, a limoeiros, laranjeiras, bergamoteiras, videiras, pessegueiros, caquizeiros e ameixeiras em quintais, próximos às residências. Problemas fitossanitários foram reportados por 86% dos entrevistados na área rural e 14% no perímetro urbano. Todos os entrevistados (43) destinam os figos para consumo próprio e apenas um também comercializa. A idade das plantas de figos foi entre 8 a 65 anos. Dois acessos de figo roxo e dois acessos de figo roxo fino mostraram menos incidência e severidade de ferrugem nas folhas. A disponibilidade de genótipos crioulos resistentes a ferrugem oferece potencial de uso em escala comercial nos locais estudados. Em casa de vegetação, figueiras tratadas com Belladonna 12CH, calda bordalesa a 0,2% e calda sulfocálcica a 0,3% apresentaram menor senescência e apresentaram menor índice de área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença. A campo, figueiras tratadas com Belladonna 12CH, calda bordalesa a 0,2% e calda sulfocálcica a 0,3% também apresentaram menor índice de área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença e menor incidência da ferrugem, média das sete avaliações. Detentores do conhecimento sobre o cultivo e uso de frutos de figo são predominantes de terceira idade. Belladonna e Nosódio da ferrugem foram equivalentes a calda bordalesa na maioria dos ensaios no manejo da ferrugem da figueira
Silva, Francisco Limeira da. "Ambience and biofertilization in organic cultivation of figs, in semi-arid conditions." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8903.
Повний текст джерелаThis study aimed to identify cultivation techniques with biofertilizer in greenhouse and open field with fig culture in Limoeiro do Norte-CE, including three production cycles, from October 2010 to December 2011. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plot with four replications. Treatments included a combination of 3 cultivation environments: greenhouse (EST), trellis (LT) and open field (CA), which constituted the plots with 4 treatments in sub plots, consisting of 4 concentrations (biofertilizer: water) in the following way : T0 (0% biofertilizer: 100% water); T1 (20% biofertilizer: 80% water), T2 (40% biofertilizer: 60% water), T3 (60% biofertilizer: 40% water), in which there were applied 3,0 L of biofertilizer per plant every 15 days. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and when significant by F test, average tests were conducted by the tukey test at 5% probability and those concerning to biofertilizer levels were submitted to regression analysis. The amount of N in the leaf dry matter increased 19%, 21% and 11%, with the growth in biofertilizer doses, for three cycles, respectively. As for P and K, increments were 25.0%, 7.0% and 13% and 12.6%, 10.5% and 29.4%, respectively, following the cycles. In the first cycle there was no significant difference between the average yield of 10.44 and 10.14 t ha-1 observed in the LT and in the EST, respectively, but they were statistically higher to that one obtained in CA with 9.62 t ha-1. In the second cycle environment did not affect significantly the variable productivity. In the third cycle the LT showed fruit yield of 6.47 t ha-1, significantly higher than those detected in EST and in CA with 4.37 and 3.81 t h-1, respectively. As for the total yield there was no significant difference between the averages 18.83 and 18.27 t ha-1, obtained in the EST and in the CA, respectively, however, they were statistically lower than that one obtained in the TL with 22.49 t ha-1. Based on the analysis of the three cycles, it can be stated as a general conclusion, that there is viability of fig organic cultivation with biofertilizer in protected low-cost type trellis, in the semiarid. And as specific conclusions, it can be stated that: the maximum temperature in the trellis environment is up to 3.1 oC lower than the one in the greenhouse, but up to 1.7 oC higher than that one observed in the open field; the relative humidity in the open atmosphere is up to 4.1% higher than the one in the greenhouse, and up to 3.7% higher than the one in the trellis. Water consumption in the trellis represented 87.3% of the registered in open field, but it was 16.4% higher of the registered in the greenhouse; plants grown in protected fields showed higher growth especially those grown in greenhouses; the biofertilizer applied to the soil increased the N, P2O5 and K2O concentration in the leaf dry matter and the 60% dose was the one that provided the best nutritional adequacy for the plant; the fruit weight, the fruit yield per plant and the fruit yield increased with the growth of biofertilizer dose applied to the soil and showed greater increases in plants grown on trellis; cultivation under greenhouse conditions allowed increased productivity and diseases more efficient control, especially rust; yields decreased in the second and third cycles due to LAI increase observed in these two cycles compared to the first one.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar tÃcnicas de cultivo com biofertilizante em ambiente protegido e a campo aberto com a cultura do figo em Limoeiro do Norte, CE, contemplando trÃs ciclos de produÃÃo, no perÃodo de outubro de 2010 a dezembro de 2011. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas, com 4 repetiÃÃes. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinaÃÃo de 03 ambientes de cultivo, estufa (EST), latada (LT) e campo aberto (CA), que constituÃram as parcelas, com 4 tratamentos nas sub parcelas, constituÃdos de 04 concentraÃÃes (biofertilizante:Ãgua) na seguinte forma: T0 (0% de biofertilizante : 100% de Ãgua); T1 (20% de biofertilizante : 80% de Ãgua); T2 (40% de biofertilizante : 60% de Ãgua); T3 (60% de biofertilizante : 40% de Ãgua), onde aplicaram-se 3,0L da soluÃÃo biofertilizante por planta a cada 15 dias. Os dados foram submetidos à anÃlise de variÃncia e quando significativos pelo teste F, realizaram-se testes de mÃdias pelo teste de tukey a 5% de probabilidade e os referentes aos nÃveis de biofertilizante foram submetidos à anÃlise de regressÃo. Os teores de N na matÃria seca foliar aumentaram em 19%, 21% e 11%, com o crescimento das doses de biofertilizante, para os trÃs ciclos, respectivamente. Quanto ao P e o K os incrementos foram de 25,0 %, 7,0 % e 13 % e de 12,6%, 10,5% e 29,4%, respectivamente, na sequÃncia dos ciclos. No primeiro ciclo nÃo houve diferenÃa significativa entre as produtividades mÃdias de 10,44 e 10,14 t ha-1 verificadas na LT e na EST, respectivamente, mas que foram estatisticamente superiores à obtida em CA com 9,62 t ha-1. No segundo ciclo o ambiente nÃo influenciou significativamente a variÃvel produtividade. Jà no terceiro ciclo a LT apresentou rendimento de fruto de 6,47 t ha-1, significativamente superior aos detectados na EST e a CA com 4,37 e 3,81 t h-1, respectivamente. Quanto ao rendimento total nÃo houve diferenÃa significativa entre as mÃdias 18,83 e 18,27 t ha-1 desta obtidas na EST e a CA, respectivamnte, contudo, foram estatisticamente inferiores à obtida na LT, com 22,49 t ha-1. Com base na anÃlise dos trÃs ciclos, pode-se afirmar, como conclusÃo geral, que hà viabilidade de cultivo orgÃnico de figo com biofertilizante em ambiente protegido de baixo custo, tipo latada, no semiÃrido. E como conclusÃes especÃficas podem-se afirmar que: a temperatura mÃxima do ar no ambiente latada à inferior em atà 3,1 oC em relaÃÃo a estufa, mas superior em atà 1,7 oC à observada a campo aberto; a umidade relativa do ar no ambiente campo aberto à superior em atà 4,1% em relaÃÃo a estufa, e em atà 3,7 % à observada na latada. O consumo de Ãgua na latada representou 87,3% do registrado a campo aberto, mas foi superior em 16,4% ao registrado na estufa; plantas cultivadas nos ambientes protegidos apresentaram maior crescimento com destaque para as cultivadas em estufa; o biofertilizante aplicado ao solo incrementou a concentraÃÃo de N, P2O5 e K2O na matÃria seca foliar e a dose de 60% foi a que proporcionou a melhor adequaÃÃo nutricional à planta; o peso de fruto, a produÃÃo de fruto por planta e o rendimento de fruto, aumentaram com o crescimento da dose de biofertilizante aplicada ao solo e apresentaram maiores incrementos em plantas cultivadas na latada; o cultivo sob condiÃÃes de ambiente protegido possibilitou o aumento da produtividade e o controle mais eficiente de doenÃas, especialmente a ferrugem; as produtividades diminuiram no segundo e no terceiro ciclos em funÃÃo do aumento do IAF observado nestes dois ciclos em relaÃÃo ao primeiro.
Barreto, Alysson Santos. "Estudo da viabilidade de materiais metal-orgânicos como sorvente alternativo para a extração de pesticidas em mamão (Carica papaya) por MSPD." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2011. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6155.
Повний текст джерелаPesticides of different chemical and toxicological classes are used to control the pest attack on crops. However, treatment with these substances leave residues in the environment or the product itself, when used extensively, disregarding the ceilings set by law. The materials conventionally used in steps of extraction and preconcentration of pesticides in environmental matrices have a limited adsorption capacity or have low selectivity for specific analytes. Therefore, this study investigated the feasibility of metal-organic materials (MMO) as an alternative sorbent for the extraction of contaminants in papaya (Carica papaya). Such compounds form a new class of hybrid materials organic-inorganic porous stable, ordered, high surface area, which enables its application as pre-concentrators analytes and also in gas storage, molecular recognition and adsorption. The molecular formulas suggested for metal-organic materials were synthesized ∞[(La0,9Eu0,1)2(DPA)3(H2O)3], for the heteronuclear compound, and ∞[Eu(C14H4O8)(C2O4)3(H2O)2] for the homonuclear compound. The ligand coordination Na4ntc with Eu+3 ion in the homonuclear material occurred through the oxygen atoms of carboxylate groups attached to aromatic ring. In the case of heteronuclear compound, the ligand is coordinated to the metals H2DPA from the carboxylate oxygen atoms and nitrogen of pyridine. The luminescence spectroscopy studies of metal-organic material ∞[Eu(C14H4O8)(C2O4)3(H2O)2], indicated the presence of a single site symmetry around the lanthanide ion. Since the emission spectrum of ∞[(La0,9Eu0,1)2(DPA)3(H2O)3] indicated that the first coordination sphere of the metal has a low point group symmetry and has a single species broadcaster. According to data from X-ray diffraction single-crystal heteronuclear compound crystallized in monoclinic system with space group P21/c. The material formed a microporous threedimensional structure with channels that propagate along the crystallographic c axis. The extraction method developed enabled recovery of the pesticide pyrimethanil (52%). The elution solvent was chosen as ethyl acetate and the ratio matrix: adsorbent used was 1:3 (m / m).
Pesticidas de diferentes grupos químicos e classes toxicológicas são empregados para controlar o ataque das pragas às culturas. Porém, o tratamento com estas substâncias deixa resíduos no ambiente ou no próprio produto, quando utilizado de maneira extensiva, desrespeitando os limites máximos estabelecidos pelas legislações. Os materiais convencionalmente utilizados nas etapas de extração e pré-concentração de pesticidas em matrizes ambientais apresentam uma capacidade de adsorção limitada ou tem baixa seletividade para analitos específicos. Diante destes dados, este trabalho teve como meta básica estudar a viabilidade de materiais metal-orgânicos (MMO) como um sorvente alternativo para a extração de contaminantes em mamão (Carica papaya). Tais compostos formam uma nova classe de materiais híbridos porosos orgânico-inorgânico estáveis, ordenados e com alta área superficial, o que possibilita sua aplicação como pré-concentradores de analitos e também em estocagem de gás, reconhecimento molecular e adsorção. As fórmulas moleculares sugeridas para os materiais metal-orgânicos sintetizados foram ∞[(La0,9Eu0,1)2(DPA)3(H2O)3], para o composto heteronuclear, e ∞[Eu(C14H4O8)(C2O4)3(H2O)2], para o composto homonuclear. Através dos dados dos espectros de IV a coordenação do ligante Na4ntc com o íon Eu+3 no material homonuclear ocorreu através dos átomos de oxigênio dos grupos carboxilatos ligados ao anel aromático. No caso do composto heteronuclear, o ligante H2DPA se coordenou aos metais a partir dos átomos de oxigênio dos carboxilatos e do nitrogênio do anel piridínico. Os estudos de espectroscopia de luminescência do material metal-orgânico [Eu(C14H4O8)(C2O4)3(H2O)2]∞, indicam a presença de um único sítio de simetria em torno do íon lantanídeo. Já o espectro de emissão do ∞[(La0,9Eu0,1)2(DPA)3(H2O)3] evidenciam que a primeira esfera de coordenação do metal possui grupo pontual de baixa simetria e a apresenta uma única espécie emissora. Os dados de difração de raios-X de monocristal o composto heteronuclear indicam que a cristalização ocorre em sistema monoclínico com grupo espacial P21/c. O material formou uma estrutura tridimensional com canais microporosos que se propagam ao longo do eixo c cristalográfico. O método de extração desenvolvido possibilitou recuperação do pesticida pirimetanil (52%). O solvente de eluição escolhido foi o acetato de etila e a proporção matriz:adsorvente utilizada foi 1:3 (m/m).
LURAGHI, ANDREA. "Rational drug design and synthesis of new steroid derivatives for the treatment of chronic heart failure." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/302116.
Повний текст джерелаHeart failure (HF) is one of the major causes of death in the world. Patients affected by HF presents a pathophysiological state in which the heart is not cable of pumping the blood efficiently in the body due to a loss of contractility of the myocardium, leading to a chronic condition in which oxygen and nutritional need of the body are not satisfied. The most important therapy involves inotropic agents, such as digitals glycosides, capable of improving the cardiac output. The most known digitalis glycoside is Digoxin extracted from Digitalis purpurea. Such compounds acts as inhibitor of the Na+/K+ pump, an active transporter capable of expelling Na+ from the cardiac cells introducing K+ against the natural gradient. The inhibition causes an accumulation of Na+ inside the cell. Sodium is so used from the Na+/Ca++ pump to introduce Ca++ inside the cell. The high concentrations of Ca++ accumulated inside cardiac cells induce contraction of the myocardium. However, digitalis compounds present a small gap between the active concentration and the toxic one. In fact, the over intracellular accumulation for long periods of Ca++ could leads to arrhythmic situations. At today is known only one compound able to stimulate a better contraction without causing arrhythmias, such molecule, called “Istaroxime”. Istaroxime is now under development for the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure. Detailed studies highlighted that a metabolite of Istaroxime, the so-called “PST3093”, acts as a pure activator of SERCA-2a, a protein able to sequestrate Ca2+ from the cytosol, without any action on Na+/K+ pump. PST3093 is the only example in the literature of a pure SERCA-2a activator, making an interesting case of study and a possible first in class drug. Despite the promising activity and the unique characteristic of this compound, there is still the main issue due to the genotoxicity of the carboxy-hydroxylamine formed after oxime degradation by metabolism. Within this thesis, the work can be roughly divided in three parts. In the first part, the work is focused on the development of stable derivatives of “PST3093”, able to maintain the unique stimulatory effect over Serca-2a but, at the same time, substituting the non-metabolically stable oxime. Two compounds were identified, and will be further developed as first-in-class drugs, able to efficiently stimulate the activity of Serca-2a with potential application as anti-arrhythmic drugs. The second section is focused on the creation of compounds inspired to Istaroxime, able to acts as Na+/K+ inhibitors and Serca-2a stimulator. Here we developed analogues of Istaroxime, lacking the risks associated to the oxime group. The third section was developed in MERLN institute of Maastricht University. In this part of the work was developed a drug delivery systems based on electrospun polymeric scaffolds, able to deliver locally the drug reducing its toxicity.
Lorenzoni, Laura. "Sediment transport and distribution over continental shelves: a glimpse at two different river-influenced systems, the Cariaco Basin and the Amazon Shelf." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4132.
Повний текст джерелаBergen, Anika. "Vertical and Lateral Facies Architecture of Levees and Their Genetically-Related Channels, Isaac Formation, Neoproterozoic Windermere Supergroup, Cariboo Mountains, B.C." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36434.
Повний текст джерелаMartelleto, Luiz Aur?lio Peres. "Desenvolvimento do ciclo e desempenho agron?mico do mamoeiro sob cultivo org?nico em ambiente protegido." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2007. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/548.
Повний текст джерелаA study was conducted at the Integrated System of Agroecological Production (a Research Farm, located in Serop?dica, State of Rio de Janeiro), to evaluate the cycle development and the agronomic performance of papaya under organic management, comparing two ways of growing the plant (with and without trunk bifurcation) in three types of protected environment. Papaya seedlings, cv. Baixinho de Santa Am?lia ("Solo" group), were transplanted to contiguous structures as follows: (a) greenhouse (plastic covering), (b) shadowed greenhouse ('sombrite' net - 30%, over the plastic sheet), and (c) screenhouse ('sombrite' net - 30%, exclusively), side-by-side to an area for papaya cultivation under natural conditions. The greenhouse lateral and frontal parts were protected with anti-aphid screen. In these four treatments, 50% of the hermaphrodite plants were submitted to an incision of the apical bud, soon after sex determination. For a 12 months period of cultivation: temperature, relative air humidity and light radiation were measured in each environment. Regarding to development of papaya: plant height, basal trunk diameter, number of leaves per plant, foliar area, and periods of time to complete phases of the cycle were determined. A study of floral biology and of fruits characteristics also corried out. Cultural practices agreed with technical rules of organic agriculture. For comparisons among differents environments, the jointly experiment analysis" method was adopted. Trunk bifurcation reduced plant height thus extending the time period of papaya production cycle under covered environments. However, there was negative influence in number and average weight of harvested fruits. In the greenhouses (plastic and plastic plus sombrite coverings) there were increases with respect to: plant height, number of leaves, foliar area and time- life of leaves in the plant. In addition, there were reductions in the incidence of black spot (leaves and fruits) and of fruit skin freckles. In the shaded environments, percents of pentandric and carpeloid fruits were lower, opposite to that of estaminate flowers. In the screnhouse (only sombrite net), a decreased proportion of fruits reaching commercial standart occurred. In the greenhouse (plastic covering), other benefitial effects were noticed, such as: anticipation of flowering and fruit harvesting, due to the acceleration of fruit ripening in the plant. Although an increase in the number pentandric, carpeloid and deformed, fruits was observed cultivation in the greenhouse also induced a highly significant increment in yield of marketable fruits (around 67%) compared with the natural environment. The results obtained indicated potential for organic papaya cultivation under greenhouse conditions, as judging by the expressive gain in productivity and plant health, besides the acceleration of the cycle.
O estudo foi conduzido no Sistema Integrado de Produ??o Agroecol?gica - S.I.P.A. (Fazendinha Agroecol?gica Km 47), situado em Serop?dica,RJ, tendo como objetivos acompanhar o desenvolvimento do ciclo e avaliar o desempenho agron?mico do mamoeiro sob manejo org?nico, comparando duas formas de condu??o da planta (com e sem bifurca??o do tronco), em ambiente natural e em tr?s tipos de ambiente protegido. Para tanto, mudas de mamoeiro da cultivar Baixinho de Santa Am?lia, grupo Solo , foram transplantadas para tr?s estruturas cont?guas: (a) estufa (cobertura de pl?stico), (b) estufa sombreada (cobertura adicional de sombrite 30% sobre o pl?stico) e (c) telado (cobertura de sombrite 30%); estabelecendo-se, ao lado, uma ?rea de cultivo em ambiente natural. Nas estufas (a e b), as laterais e frentes foram revestidas com tela anti-af?dica. Nesses quatro tratamentos, 50% das plantas hermafroditas tiveram o tronco bifurcado por meio de incis?o da gema apical, logo ap?s a determina??o do sexo. Registraram-se, ao longo de 12 meses de cultivo: temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e luminosidade em cada ambiente. Quanto ao desenvolvimento do mamoeiro: altura da planta, di?metro do tronco, n?veis de enfolhamento, ?rea foliar e per?odos de tempo para cumprimento de fases do ciclo, foram monitorados. Realizou-se, ainda, estudo da biologia floral e das caracter?sticas dos frutos produzidos. Os tratos culturais empregados obedeceram ?s normas t?cnicas da produ??o org?nica. Para compara??o entre ambientes de cultivo, adotou-se o m?todo da an?lise conjunta de experimentos . A bifurca??o do tronco reduziu a altura da planta prolongando o cultivo do mamoeiro nos ambientes cobertos. No entanto, teve influ?ncia negativa no n?mero e no peso m?dio dos frutos. Nas estufas (coberturas de pl?stico e de pl?stico mais sombrite) houve aumentos em rela??o a: altura da planta, n?vel de enfolhamento, ?rea foliar e sobrevida das folhas. Por outro lado, ocorreram redu??es da incid?ncia da var?ola (folhas e frutos) e da mancha fisiol?gica nos frutos. Nos ambientes sombreados, os percentuais de frutos pent?ndricos e carpel?ides foram mais baixos, ao contr?rio de flores estaminadas. No telado, registrou-se menor propor??o de frutos atingindo padr?o comercial. Na estufa, ocorreram benef?cios do ponto de vista agron?mico, destacando-se: antecipa??o do florescimento e do in?cio da colheita, al?m da acelera??o do amadurecimento dos frutos na planta. Embora tenha havido aumento do n?mero de frutos pent?ndricos, carpel?ides e aplastados, o cultivo na estufa proporcionou aumento altamente significativo da produ??o de frutos comercializ?veis (em torno de 67%) em compara??o ao ambiente natural. Os resultados obtidos indicaram potencial para o cultivo org?nico do mamoeiro sob condi??es de estufa, em fun??o dos ganhos expressivos de produtividade e sanidade, al?m de precocidade e acelera??o da colheita.
CARDIA, ROBERTO. "Computational investigation on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the molecular and solid phases." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266672.
Повний текст джерелаMagnusson, Maria. "Consumer Perception of Organic and Genetically Modified Foods : Health and Environmental Considerations." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis :, 2004. http://publications.uu.se/theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=4218.
Повний текст джерелаPereira, Jordana de Jesus Santos. "Doses de composto orgânico e consorciação com crotalaria spectabilis sobre nematoides e produtividade da figueira." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7834.
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Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-03T13:19:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jordana de Jesus Santos Pereira - 2017.pdf: 2005975 bytes, checksum: 1d53cfdb916b2f188eb7ed3980d23ed4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-29
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The fig (Ficus carica L.) is a fruitful species with great worldwide expansion, since it is considered a species of temperate climate, but that presents / displays good adaptation to a great diversity of climates and solos. Among the phytosanitary problems occurring in ficiculture, nematodes are the most important. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the influence of the application of different doses of organic compost and the intercropping with Crotalaria spectabilis on nematode population density and fig yield. The experiment was conducted in the orchard already installed, from September of the year 2015 to September 2016. The plants were arranged in a spacing of 4 m between rows and 2 m between plants. The treatments were five doses of organic compound, having as reference the recommended amount of nitrogen for the fig tree crop, combined with the presence or absence of Crotalaria spectabilis in a consortium. Five phytoematoid species were identified in the orchard, being Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Criconemoide sp. and Rotylenchulus sp .. M. incognita was present in higher population densities and with dominance over 90% in the three evaluation periods. This species was not affected by the doses of organic compound nor by the use of C. spectabilis. The productivity of the fig trees increased with the increase of the dose of applied organic compound.
O figo (Ficus carica L.) é uma espécie frutífera com grande expansão mundial, pois é considerada uma espécie de clima temperado, mas que apresenta boa adaptação a uma grande diversidade de climas e solos. Dentre os problemas fitossanitários ocorrentes na ficicultura, o de maior importância são os nematoides. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar a influência da aplicação de diferentes doses de composto orgânico e da consorciação com Crotalaria spectabilis sobre a densidade populacional de nematoides e a produtividade de figueira. O experimento foi conduzido no pomar já instalado, a partir de setembro do ano de 2015 até setembro de 2016. As plantas estavam dispostas em um espaçamento de 4 m entrelinhas e 2 m entre plantas. Os tratamentos foram cinco doses de composto orgânico, tendo elas como referência a quantidade recomendada de nitrogênio para a cultura da figueira, combinadas com a presença ou a ausência de Crotalaria spectabilis em consórcio. Foram identificados cinco espécies de fitonematoides no pomar sendo, Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Criconemoide sp. e Rotylenchulus sp.. M. incognita apresentou-se em maiores densidades populacionais e com dominância acima de 90% nas três épocas de avaliação. Esta espécie não foi afetada pelas doses de composto orgânico nem pelo uso de C. spectabilis. A produtividade das figueiras aumentou com o aumento da dose de composto orgânico aplicado.
Rezende, Nilson Costa. "Comportamento vegetativo e reprodutivo do mamoeiro em diferentes densidades de cultivo org?nico." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1494.
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The study was conducted at the Integrated State Center for Rural Education - CEIER, in ?guia Branca, the Northwest Region of the Esp?rito Santo. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative and reproductive behavior of papaya plant "Golden Sunrise", for different densities of cultivation under organic production system. The design chosen to effect the implementation of the experiment was randomized blocks, with six treatments (1667, 2167, 2667, 3167, 3667 and 4167 plants.hectare-1) and four replications (blocks). The density plantas.hectare 1667 was adopted as a control, the traditional crops of papaya 'Solo' group. Regarding the vegetative behavior planting density promoted in papaya plant: greater height, following a quadratic regression model; smaller diameter of the trunk, following a quadratic regression model; negatively affected the amount of leaves dropped by papaya plant, following a linear regression model; the presence of active photosynthetic leaves, following a quadratic regression model; the length of the leaves of papaya, following a quadratic regression model and leaf area, following a logarithmic regression model. In terms of floral behavior planting density did not affect the number of fruits and carpelloid pentandric and negatively influenced the number of perfect hermaphrodites fruits, following a quadratic regression model. Finally, for fruit production the density negatively influenced the number and weight of marketable fruit, following a quadratic regression model; positively the productivity of commercial fruits, following a quadratic regression model; the number of discarded fruits (out of commercial standard); negatively length and thickness of the fruit, following a quadratic regression model; negatively diameter of the fruit, following a logarithmic regression model and did not affect the number of seeds per fruit.
O estudo foi conduzido, no Centro Estadual Integrado de Educa??o Rural ? CEIER, situado no munic?pio de ?guia Branca, Regi?o Noroeste do Estado do Esp?rito Santo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento vegetativo e reprodutivo do mamoeiro ?Sunrise Golden?, em rela??o a diferentes densidades de cultivo, sob sistema org?nico de produ??o. O delineamento escolhido para efetuar a implanta??o do experimento foi o de blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos (1667, 2167, 2667, 3167, 3667 e 4167 plantas.hectare-1) e quatro repeti??es (blocos). A densidade de 1667 plantas.hectare foi adotada como controle, tradicional nos cultivos de mamoeiro do grupo ?Solo'. Com rela??o ao comportamento vegetativo o adensamento de plantio promoveu nos mamoeiros: maior altura, seguindo um modelo de regress?o quadr?tico; menor di?metro do tronco, seguindo um modelo de regress?o quadr?tico; afetou de forma negativa a quantidade de folhas lan?adas pelos mamoeiros, seguindo um modelo de regress?o linear; a presen?a de folhas fotossinteticamente ativas, seguindo um modelo de regress?o quadr?tico; o comprimento das folhas dos mamoeiros, seguindo um modelo de regress?o quadr?tico e a ?rea foliar, seguindo um modelo de regress?o logar?tmica. Em termos de comportamento floral o adensamento de plantio n?o afetou o n?mero de frutos pent?ndricos e carpeloides e influenciou negativamente o n?mero de frutos hermafroditas perfeitos, seguindo um modelo de regress?o quadr?tico. Finalmente, para produ??o de frutos o adensamento influenciou negativamente o n?mero e o peso dos frutos comercializ?veis, seguindo um modelo de regress?o quadr?tico; positivamente a produtividade dos frutos comercializ?veis, seguindo um modelo de regress?o quadr?tico; o n?mero de frutos descartados (fora do padr?o comercial); negativamente o comprimento e espessura dos frutos, seguindo um modelo de regress?o quadr?tico; negativamente o di?metro dos frutos, seguindo um modelo de regress?o logar?tmico e n?o influenciou o n?mero de sementes por fruto.
Gebbie, James Thomas. "A theoretical study of crystal growth in nanoporous materials using the Monte Carlo method." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-theoretical-study-of-crystal-growth-in-nanoporous-materials-using-the-monte-carlo-method(d601decf-d422-42a5-b13a-dbc1e5dabf99).html.
Повний текст джерелаRimmelin, Jean. "Etude des relations structure-reactivite electrochimique dans quelques clusters du cobalt et du rhodium." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13176.
Повний текст джерелаZha, Ping-cheng, and 查秉辰. "Study on feasibility in the organic papaya(Carica papaya L.) farming." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94095493019668121015.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Hung Ming, and 陳鴻銘. "Transesterification resolution of racemic alcohols in organic solvents via Carica papaya lipase." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qgq4c3.
Повний текст джерела長庚大學
生化與生醫工程研究所
96
Carica papaya lipase is a naturally immobilized biocatalyst originated from plant. According to previous reports, this lipase has excellent enantioselectivity when carrying out the hydrolytic resolution of (R,S)-Naproxen esters. Therefore, the purpose of this research is aimed to use the lipase to perform transesterification resolution for a variety of recemic alcohols. We expect to screen suitable alcohol that can be resolved by using this lipase. When (R,S)-2-hydroxyl carboxylic acid esters were selected as the substrates to proceed lipase-catalyzed transesterification resolution, results revealed that the papaya lipase has better enantioselectivity for (R,S)-methyl 3-phenyllactate (E = 35.7). Changing of acyl donor to other vinyl esters of differ alkyl length and apolar solvent did not affect the enzyme performance. In comparison with the results of using the lipase pretreated with isopropyl ether or without the treatment, results revealed that the untreated papaya lipase has the best enantioselectivity for (R,S)-methyl 3-phenyllactate (E = 73.8). For (R,S)-2-hydroxyl carboxylic acid esters of different structures, the results revealed that the kinetic parameter of k2S are notably different for (R,S)-methyl 3-phenyllactate and (R,S)-ethyl 2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyrate, i.e. 0.289 mmol/h g and 0.0117 mmol/h g, respectively. But the parameter Km of (R,S)-methyl mandelate was much higher than those of others, implying the very low affinity of the substrate to the lipase. The racemic alcohols of different structures were further selected as the substrates to perform the lipase-catalyzed transesterification resolution, with which the low reaction rate of (R,S)-methyl mandelate was elucidated.
PANETTA, ANTONIO. "L'immunità dalla giurisdizione penale degli organi costituzionali in carica accusati di crimini internazionali." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917388.
Повний текст джерелаCHING, HO SSU, and 何思靜. "Enantioselective esterification of(R, S)- 2 -methylalkanoic acid via Carica papaya lipase in organoic solvents." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69194938591385565924.
Повний текст джерела南台科技大學
生物科技系
96
Branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are fatty acids substituted with alkyl groups. Many of them are chiral and therefore occur in two enantiomeric forms. Chiral BCFAs have been recognized as important flavour components. 2-Methylalkanoic acids and their derivates of high enantiomeric purities have also served as valuable synthetic intermediates. Lipase-catalyzed enantioselective esterification between (R,S)-2-methylalkanoic acids and n-butanol in organic solvents was developed to produce (S)-butyl 2-methylalkanoate. Partilly purified Carica papaya lipase (pCPL) was uesd to study the effect of organic solvents, reaction temperature, various methods of pretreated enzyme and different alkyl chain length of the chiral center of (R,S)-2-methylalkanoic acids. Isooctane was selected to use for optimally reaction medium. The increase of enantioselectivity of the pCPL was observed with the increase of the straight alkyl chain length of the chiral center of (R,S)-2-methylalkanoic acids from ethyl to pentyl in the esterification reaction. The enantioselectivity for pCPL was exceeded 100 for the kinetic resolution of (R,S)-2-methylheptanoic acid in isooctane, but for the the kinetic resolution of (R,S)-2-methylbutyric acid was only reached about 2 in isooctane. An effect of water activity (aw) on reaction rate and enatioselectivity was observed. The pCPL exhibited an optimal water activity for maximum esterrification rate VS,Q and enantioselectivity E at 0.06 and 0.33, resprctively. Measurements of the temperature dependence of E allows for separation of the enthalpic and entropic components of enantioselectivity. Changes in E with alkyl chain length of the chiral center of (R,S)-2-methylalkanoic acids were mainly caused by changes in the enthalpic component.
Kuo, Ming-Sheng, and 郭明昇. "Lethal Action of Potassium Fatty Acid Salts on Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida in Organic Cultivation of Carica papaya." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51627862368134310879.
Повний текст джерела國立屏東科技大學
農園生產系所
103
Abstract Student ID: N10111005 Title of Thesis: Lethal Action of Potassium Fatty Acid Salts on Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida in Organic Cultivation of Carica papaya Total Page: 72 Name of Institute: National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Department of Plant Industry Graduate Date: 2015.07.15 Degree Conferred: Master Name of Student: Ming-Sheng Kuo Adviser: Chong-Ho Wang,Ph.D. Wen-Hua Chen, Ph.D. The Contents of Abstract in this Thesis: Papaya (Carica papaya L.), one important fruit tree in southern Taiwan, whose major breed falls on TAINUNG No. 2. Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida was the most hazardous mite. Farmers tend to use chemicals to tackle, but in the long run, papaya plants will have chemical resistance and the control of pesticide residue. What’s worse, the mite problem will be aggravated.Soap is saponified by natural oil. In addition, potassium soap, allowed to be used in organic farming in many countries. Different types of oils, however, contain different fatty acids.This study quantifies the lethal rates against Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida in different life stages, focusing on common oils which contain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids with 10-18 carbon atoms. It also tests cheaper oils sold in the market, such as coconut oil, palm oil, cotton seed oil and soybean oil. The saponified potassium salts of which lead to the lethal rates against Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida in different life stages. The test results serve as a reference for dealing with Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida while growing papaya.While conducting the indoor experiments, 2% potassium salts of fatty acids solution has distinctively different effect (within 72-hour lethal rate) on various life stages, the most significant lethal rate reaches up to 61.8-86.7%, falling on the shorter-chain saturated potassium salts of fatty acids with 10-12 carbon atoms and the long-chain unsaturated fatty acid potassium salt with 18 carbon atoms. Second to it, saturated fatty acid potassium salt with 14-18 carbon atoms has inferior lethal rate, 16.7-55.6% only. On the other hand, all kinds of fatty acid potassium salts have insignificant effect on the nonhatch rate of the eggs, below 28.9%. 2% liquid potassium soaps poses 58.9-83.3% lethal rate (within-72-hour) to various life stages, coconut oil potassium soap functions better, while palm oil potassium soap is inferior. All oil potassium soaps mentioned above have insignificant effect on the nonhatch rate of the eggs, below 14.4%. As for the field experiment, the 7-day-long prevention and cure rate is 56.5-66.2% when the liquid forms of the four oil potassium soaps are used on papaya plants once a week. And it accounts for 62.8-71.8% when the papaya plants are treated with the same liquid soaps once a week for 14 days. Coconut oil potassium soap and soybean oil potassium soap, exclusively, function better cure and prevention rate. Key words: Potassium fatty acid salts , Potassium soap, Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida , Carica papaya L.
Hsu, Chin-Ying Stephen. "Potential roles of carbon dioxide laser, organic matrix, and fluoride on demineralization of human enamel." 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/47989654.html.
Повний текст джерелаChu, Mao-Yu, and 朱懋育. "Kinetic resolution of (R,S)-2-methyl-hexanoic acid alkanoic ester via Carica papaya lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis in water-saturated organic solvents." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98125343737695208899.
Повний текст джерела南台科技大學
生物科技系
98
Branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are fatty acids substituted with alkyl groups. Many of them are chiral and therefore occur in two enantiomeric forms. Chiral BCFAs have been recognized as important flavour components. 2-Methylalkanoic acids and their derivates of high enantiomeric purities have also served as valuable synthetic intermediates. The purpose of this research is aimed to study the effect of organic solvents, reaction temperature, and different alkyl chain length of the chiral center of (R,S)-2-methylhexanoic acid esters by using partilly purified Carica papaya lipase ( pCPL ). The hydrolytic resolution of (R,S)-butyl-2-methylhexanoic ester via pCPL in different water-saturated solvents at 35℃ is employed as the model system for studying the effects of solvents on the lipase activity and enantioselectivity, where water-saturated isooctane are beneficial for giving better lipase activity and enantioselectivity. A comparison of pCPL enantioselectivity of alkyl chain straight for (R,S)-2-methylhexanoic acid esters of different indicates that (R,S)-butyl-2-methylhexanoic ester gives the best lipase activity. The thermodynamic analysis indicates that the enantiomer discrimination is driven by the difference of activation enthalpy ( ΔΔH ) and that of activation entropy ( ΔΔS ), yet the former is dominated for most of the reacting systems and has a good linear compensation relationship with the latter. Similar of the E value for different alkyl chain lengths of the chiral center of (R,S)-2-methylhexanoic acid esters were mainly attentted by both enthalpic and entropic changes.
Cheng, Yu-Chi, and 鄭育奇. "Acyl transfer catalyzed by lipases in organic solvents; I. Theoretical study of side-reaction effects on lipase-catalyzed transesterification, II. Esterification resolution of (R, S)- phenoxypropionic acid by Carica papaya lipase." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55801606957079300809.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
化學工程學系碩博士班
93
(I) An analytical solution for the dynamic kinetic resolution of enzyme-catalyzed irreversible acyl transfer was employed to study the side-reaction effects on the yield and optical purity of the desired enantiomeric product. A lipase-catalyzed enantioselective thiotransesterification between (R, S)-naproxen 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl thioester and 4-morpholine ethanol with in situ racemization of (R)-thioester using trioctylamine as the racemization catalyst in isooctane was designed as a model system to compare the theoretical predictions. Under an initial water activity of 0.113, adding trioctylamine was found to have profound effects on the hydrolysis side-reactions, thus enhancing the chemoselectivity of the lipase to the alcohol in comparison with water. Theoretical analysis also indicated that the time-course yield and the enantiomeric excess for the desired enantiomer could be improved if the employed lipase had higher activity and enantioselectivity for the hydrolysis and esterification side-reactions, especially when the base had a similar racemization rate compared with the rate of the fast-reaction substrate. (II) A partially purified Carica papaya (pCPL) was explored as an effective biocatalyst for the esterification resolution of various (RS)-2-chlorophenoxypropionic acids (CPP) with trimethylsilylmethanol in anhydrous isooctane. In comparison with the performance of crude Candida rugosa lipase, pCPL has high E value (> 100) for 2-chloro and 4-chloro but not 3-chloro substituted CPP. More than an order-of-magnitude lower reactivity was obtained for the hindered substrate of (RS)-2-(2-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid. The thermodynamic analysis indicates that the enantiomeric discrimination for all reaction systems is mainly driven by the difference of activation enthalpy. A good enthalpy-entropy compensation effect between -ΔΔH and -ΔΔS is demonstrated and elucidated for the region-effect of substrates containing 2-, 3- or 4-chloro substituent. The kinetic analysis indicates that pCPL is inhibited strongly by the acid substrate, but to a less extent by the alcohol substrate. However with the penalty of decreasing pCPL activity, the E value in isooctane can be greatly enhanced when trimethylsilylmethanol concentration higher than 40 mM is employed.
Knight, Geoffrey Macdonald. "The pharmacological management of dentine to protect against plaque microorganism degradation." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/50514.
Повний текст джерелаhttp://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1344616
Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Adelaide, Dental School, 2008
Knight, Geoffrey Macdonald. "The pharmacological management of dentine to protect against plaque microorganism degradation." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/50514.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) - University of Adelaide, Dental School, 2008