Статті в журналах: "Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP)"

1

Vimala, Saravanan, M. Ramachandran, and Murugan Aswini. "Evaluation of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic CFRP Composite Using the SPSS Method." Journal on Materials and its Characterization 2, no. 1 (March 8, 2023): 09–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/jmc/2/1/2.

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CFRP is Carbon fiber reinforced plastic CFRP consists of several components is an object. Usually, a Synthetic resin matrix material selected. Carbon fiber reinforced plastic CFRP) of steel and aluminium A true high reducing trait Technically, it's new Continues to open application areas and it is already in many areas It has become essential. We are taking you journey to discover the arena Carbon fibers and how fine fibers Carbon fiber-reinforced See Changes plastics. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber Reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite materials side different fiber strengthened substances, are an increasing number of replacing conventional substances with their superior electricity and occasional particular weight homes. Their manufacturability in various combos with custom designed electricity houses, their overtiredness Durability and more temperature and Antioxidant and Engineering this stuff does it a wonderful option program. Carbon fiber reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is is a mixture items utilized in both restore and strengthening of strengthened concrete systems.

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2

Shen, De Jun, Zi Sheng Lin, and Yan Fei Zhang. "Study on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Composite Material of Wood." Advanced Materials Research 1120-1121 (July 2015): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1120-1121.659.

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through the use of domestic carbon fiber cloth and combining domestic fast-growing wood of Larch and poplar wood, the CFRP- wood composite key interface from the composite process, stripping bearing performance, Hygrothermal effect, fracture characteristics and shear creep properties to conducted the system research . Fiber reinforced composite (Fiber Reinforced Plastic/Polymer, abbreviation FRP) material by continuous fibers and resin matrix composite and its types, including carbon fiber reinforced composite (Carbon Fiber Reinforce Plastic/Polymer, abbreviation CFRP), glass fiber reinforced composite (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic/Polymer, abbreviation GFRP) and aramid fiber reinforced composite (Aramid Fiber Reinforced Plastic/Polymer, abbreviation AFRP). PAN based carbon fiber sheet by former PAN wires, PAN raw silk production high technical requirements, its technical difficulty is mainly manifested in the acrylonitrile spinning technique, PAN precursor, acrylonitrile polymerization process with solvent and initiator ratio. Based on this consideration, the subject chosen by domestic PAN precursor as the basic unit of the CFRP as the object of study.

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3

Zuo, Jian Dong, and Chao Yun Luo. "Piezoresistive Property of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics." Key Engineering Materials 575-576 (September 2013): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.575-576.174.

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Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) were prepared by manual molding technology and the effect of loading speed on the piezoresistive property of CFPR was discussed. The piezoresistive sensitivity of CFRP with the different content of carbon fibers was contrasted and the interface morphology of CFRP was observed by SEM. The results show that CFRP has the obvious piezoresistive property and it can provide early warning as a kind of strain sensor. The piezoresistive sensitivity of CFRP decreases as the increasing of the content of carbon fibers in CFRP. Moreover the piezoresistive sensitivity of CFRP reduced as the increasing of loading speed. The SEM showed that the interface was good between carbon fibers and epoxy resin.

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4

Yashiro, Shigeki, and Keiji Ogi. "Experimental study on shear-dominant fiber failure in CFRP laminates by out-of-plane shear loading." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 10 (September 24, 2018): 1337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318801454.

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Understanding the shear behavior and resulting fiber failure of fiber-reinforced plastics is required for better prediction of their behavior during the machining process, but knowledge regarding the shear strength of fiber failure is limited. In this study, out-of-plane shear tests were conducted to observe the shear behavior of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic laminates subjected to high shear stress exceeding the shear strength of matrix failure. The longitudinal fibers in carbon fiber-reinforced plastic unidirectional laminates were cut by shear loading without severe internal damage and the maximum shear stress causing progressive fiber breaks was much higher than the shear strength of matrix failure. This result suggested the possibility of out-of-plane shearing as a machining method for fiber-reinforced plastics and shear tests were subsequently performed for carbon fiber-reinforced plastic cross-ply laminates. Delamination was generated by high shear stress to cut the reinforcing fibers, but the size of the remaining damage was small even in the thermoset carbon fiber-reinforced plastic laminates in which delamination likely occurs, without any optimization of the trimming conditions.

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5

Al Zahmi, Salem, Saif Alhammadi, Amged ElHassan, and Waleed Ahmed. "Carbon Fiber/PLA Recycled Composite." Polymers 14, no. 11 (May 28, 2022): 2194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14112194.

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Due exceptional properties such as its high-temperature resistance, mechanical characteristics, and relatively lower price, the demand for carbon fiber has been increasing over the past years. The widespread use of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers or plastics (CFRP) has attracted many industries. However, on the other hand, the increasing demand for carbon fibers has created a waste recycling problem that must be overcome. In this context, increasing plastic waste from the new 3D printing technology has been increased, contributing to a greater need for recycling efforts. This research aims to produce a recycled composite made from different carbon fiber leftover resources to reinforce the increasing waste of Polylactic acid (PLA) as a promising solution to the growing demand for both materials. Two types of leftover carbon fiber waste from domestic industries are handled: carbon fiber waste (CF) and carbon fiber-reinforced composite (CFRP). Two strategies are adopted to produce the recycled composite material, mixing PLA waste with CF one time and with CFRP the second time. The recycled composites are tested under tensile test conditions to investigate the impact of the waste carbon reinforcement on PLA properties. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is carried out on composites to study their thermal properties.

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6

Tamura, Shoichi, and Takashi Matsumura. "Cutting Force Model in Milling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic." Key Engineering Materials 611-612 (May 2014): 1166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.611-612.1166.

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The demand of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) has been increased in aircraft and automobile industries. In milling of CFRP, the cutting parameters should be determined to finish the machining surfaces without delamination. The tool wear is also a critical issue to finish good surfaces. The paper presents a force model to study the milling process of CFRP. In order to investigate the anisotropy in milling of CFRP, the cutting tests were conducted for unidirectional CFRPs with changing the feed direction of the milling tool. The cutting force and the surface finish depend on the feed direction with respect to the fiber orientation. A force model based on the minimum cutting energy is applied to milling of CFRP. The orthogonal cutting data used in the force model is associated with the relative angle of the cutting edge rotation angle to the fiber orientation. The model was verified in comparison between the predicted and the measured cutting forces. The model also estimates the effect of the feed direction with respect to the fiber orientations on the cutting force in terms of anisotropy in the orthogonal cutting data.

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7

Poyyathappan, K., G. B. Bhaskar, N. Venkatesan, Kaliyaperumal Pazhanivel, G. Saravanan, and Sabapathy Arunachalam. "Dynamic Mechanical and Flexural Characteristics of Glass-Carbon Hybrid Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 591 (July 2014): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.591.72.

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This paper deals with the fabrication of test specimens of Glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), Glass-Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (G-CFRP) and Carbon glass fiber reinforced plastic (C-GFRP) by using hand layup method. The low velocity point load setup was fabricated and fixed in the milling machine by using cam pointer arrangement. The specimens have been subjected to the low velocity point load for specific duration by exposure time such as 0,15,30,45 and 60 minutes. Then impact and DMA tests are also carried out for the above specimens. From the DMA test results it was found that the storage modulus and loss factor of GFRP specimen are high compared with others. Izod impact test result shows that impact strength of G-CFRP specimen is high. The flexural results reveals that among the four types of laminates CFRP gives higher order of flexural strength and modulus compared to the others

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8

Kitajima, Takayuki, Jumpei Kusuyama, Akinori Yui, Katsuji Fujii, and Yosuke Itoh. "Development of PCD Milling Tool for Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastics." Advanced Materials Research 1017 (September 2014): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1017.411.

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Interest in carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) has been growing for the last several years. CFRP, a composite material made of carbon fibers and resins, has high mechanical characteristics and is well known as a difficult-to-cut material. During the process of drilling or cutting of CFRP, tool wear and delamination occur frequently. In this study, the authors developed a milling tool for CFRP using polycrystalline diamond, and the cutting performance of the developed tool was investigated.

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9

Wang, Zhonghe, Yao Ma, Boshi Yuan, Chunting Wu, Changqing Li, and Shuwei Sun. "Development of Laser Processing Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic." Sensors 23, no. 7 (March 31, 2023): 3659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23073659.

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Due to its exceptional advantages, such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, and good fatigue resistance, carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) is frequently utilized in aerospace, aviation, automotive, rail transportation, and other areas. Composite components typically need to be joined and integrated. In the equipment manufacturing industry, the most used methods for processing composite components are cutting, drilling, and surface treatment. The quality of CFRP is significantly impacted by traditional mechanical processing, causing flaws like delamination, burrs, and tears. Laser processing technology has emerged as a crucial method for processing CFRP for its high quality, non-contact, simple control, and automation features. The most recent research on the laser processing of CFRP is presented in this paper, supporting scientists and engineers who work in the field in using this unconventional manufacturing technique. This paper gives a general overview of the key features of laser processing technology and the numerous machining techniques available. The concepts and benefits of laser processing technology are discussed in terms of the material properties, mode of operation, and laser characteristics, as well as the methods to achieve high efficiency, low damage, and high precision. This paper reviews the research development of laser processing of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics, and a summary of the factors affecting the quality of CFRP laser processing. Therefore, the research content of this article can be used as a theoretical basis for reducing thermal damage and improving the processing quality of laser-processed composite materials, while, on this basis, we analyze the development trend of CFRP laser processing technology.

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10

Cong, W. L., Z. J. Pei, Q. Feng, T. W. Deines, and C. Treadwell. "Rotary ultrasonic machining of CFRP: A comparison with twist drilling." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 31, no. 5 (March 2012): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684411427419.

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Drilling is involved in many applications of carbon fiber–reinforced plastic composite. Twist drilling is widely used in industry. Rotary ultrasonic machining has been successfully tested to drill holes in carbon fiber–reinforced plastic. However, there are no reports on comparisons between rotary ultrasonic machining and twist drilling of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic. This paper compares rotary ultrasonic machining and twist drilling of carbon fiber–reinforced plastic in six aspects (cutting force, torque, surface roughness, delamination, tool life, and material remove rate). Experimental results show that rotary ultrasonic machining is superior in almost all these aspects.

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11

Karpiuk, Irina, Vasily Karpiuk, Anatoly Kostyuk, Roman Hlibotskyi, and Oleksandr Posternak. "Deformability and Crack Resistance of Damaged beams with Basalt-plastic Reinforcement Reinforced WITH carbon-Plastic Sheet." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences 1, no. 7(38) (2023): 56–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2664-262x.2023.7(38).1.56-76.

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The aim of this article is to introduce the results of experimental and theoretical studies on the deformability and crack resistance of damaged concrete beams reinforced with basalt-plastic reinforcement and strengthened with carbon-fiber jackets in the support regions. The paper presents the results of studies of the deformability and crack resistance of basalt-concrete beams, brought to the boundary state (ULS) in previous tests, reinforced with external fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP). These data are presented in the form of experimental statistical relationships of the main parameters of the performance of the prototypes from design factors and levels of low-cycle repeated load. The greatest influence on the deformability of materials and test samples - damaged basalt concrete beams, reinforced with carbon fiber, have: the value of the relative span of the cut (а/h0), then - the class of concrete (C) and, finally, the coefficient of transverse reinforcement ( ) of their supporting areas. The conducted experimental and theoretical studies confirmed the expediency and possibility of using fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) for strengthening external structures damaged by force cracks and brought to limit states according to the first (ULS) and second (SLS) groups of reinforced structures according to the established technology.

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12

Höhne, Carl-Christoph, Peter Brantsch, Thomas Reichert, and Ronny Hanich-Spahn. "Chemical Recycling of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyurethane for Aviation Applications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2526, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2526/1/012050.

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Abstract Carbon fibres are widely used in carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) for aviation, automotive, windmills, sport and many more application due to their outstanding material properties. Annually, this generates about 62,000 tonnes of end-of-life (EoL) CFRP and CFRP production waste. Current EoL scenarios for CFRPs show some disadvantages: Landfilling and incineration are not sustainable and environmentally friendly. Carbon fibre recovery by pyrolysis damages the carbon fibres and incinerates the plastic material. Mechanical recycling shortens the carbon fibres and is of limited value for thermosets. However, chemical recycling routes like solvolysis offers the great potential to recover damage-free carbon fibres as well as useful monomers for a new generation of plastics. Here we provide an overview about the solvolysis of carbon fibre reinforced polyurethane material for aviation applications. Additionally, first life cycle assessment results are presented.

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13

Lehmann, Benjamin, Sathis Kumar Selvarayan, Ravand Ghomeshi, and Götz T. Gresser. "Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite – Toughness and Structural Integrity Enhancement by Integrating Surface Modified Steel Fibers." Materials Science Forum 825-826 (July 2015): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.825-826.425.

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Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) was integrated with steel fibers in order to improve the toughness and to enhance the structural integrity during crash. An epoxy system with internal mold release was chosen as the matrix system. The surface modification of steel fibers was done by sandblasting and twisting in order to improve the fiber-matrix adhesion through mechanical interlocking mechanism. The pull-out test of surface modified steel fiber doubled the adhesive strength. The steel fiber integration increased the maximum bending stress of the composites up to 20% whereas the elongation at break reduced to 2.3%. The energy dissipation factor of the steel fiber integrated CFRPs was also reduced compared to CFRPs without steel fiber. An increase in fracture toughness was observed for the CFRPs with steel fibers that amounts to 17 J.

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14

Cheng, Jun, Cheng Yu, Shuai Xu, Jinhao Qiu, Toshiyuki Takagi, and Dezhang Xu. "Measurement of directionality in carbon fiber reinforced plastic composite with eddy current testing." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (December 10, 2020): 1207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209438.

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In carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite, the alignment of continuous carbon fibers guides the directional flow of eddy currents, which is beneficial to the structural and damage detection. In this study, for the purpose of impact damage repair, the transmitter-receiver (T-R) and the flat-tangent eddy current probes are used to determine the fiber orientations and stacking sequence in the CFRP laminate by surface scanning. Theoretical analysis shows that the T-R probe can flexibly pick up the magnetic field generated by the stretched eddy current in CFRP layers. In the meanwhile, the flat-tangent probe possesses layer selective characteristics. By calculating the fiber distribution images of individual directions based on two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) and comparing the order of pixel intensity values of these images, the fiber orientation and the stacking sequence in the laminate plates can be obtained simultaneously, which provides guidance for damage detection and repair of the CFRP structures.

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15

Kusuyama, Jumpei, Akinori Yui, Takayuki Kitajima, and Yosuke Itoh. "Face Milling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Using Poly Crystalline Diamond Tool." Advanced Materials Research 1017 (September 2014): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1017.383.

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Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) is a high-strength and high-elastic-modulus composite material that is hardened by impregning carbon fiber with epoxy resin. Although, many sutdies of hole drilling of CFRP have been conducted, few sutdies of face milling of CFRP have been carried out. Face milling is necessary for surfaceing of aerospace parts, which is indispensable for airplane construction. Machining of CFRP is difficult because of the extreme tool wear and delamination that occur. The authors investigated face milling of CFRP using a newly developed Poly Crystalline Diamond (PCD) tool. The resultts show, that the cutting force and surface roughness are affected by the fiber orientation of the CFRP, and that delamination can easily occur in the outer layer of face-nilled CFRP.

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16

Go, Sun-Ho, Min-Sang Lee, Chang-Gi Hong, Lee-Ku Kwac, and Hong-Gun Kim. "Correlation between Drop Impact Energy and Residual Compressive Strength According to the Lamination of CFRP with EVA Sheets." Polymers 12, no. 1 (January 16, 2020): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010224.

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Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic is an important building material; however, its application is limited because of its brittleness, leading to vulnerability under shock. Thus, the strength performance of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics needs to be improved. Here, the drop impact test was conducted to analyze the impact energy and fracture characteristics of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics and ethylene vinyl acetate sheets. The compression after impact test was performed to assess the residual compressive strength. The thermal energy generated was measured as change in temperature at the time of fracture to investigate the relationship between thermal and mechanical properties. The impact absorption efficiency of 100% was achieved when the carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics specimen was laminated with four or more sheets of ethylene vinyl acetate. The thermal energy generated during impact, the impact load, and the compression after impact test strength was reduced with the increasing number of laminated ethylene vinyl acetate layers. Our results showed that, by carefully selecting the optimal conditions of fabricating the carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic/ethylene vinyl acetate composites, carbon composite materials can be used for impact mitigation.

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17

Kim, Chan-Jung. "Comparison of Mode Shapes of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Material Considering Carbon Fiber Direction." Crystals 11, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030311.

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Previous studies have demonstrated the sensitivity of the dynamic behavior of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) material over the carbon fiber direction by performing uniaxial excitation tests on a simple specimen. However, the variations in modal parameters (damping coefficient and resonance frequency) over the direction of carbon fiber have been partially explained in previous studies because all modal parameters have only been calculated using the representative summed frequency response function without modal analysis. In this study, the dynamic behavior of CFRP specimens was identified from experimental modal analysis and compared five CFRP specimens (carbon fiber direction: 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°) and an isotropic SCS13A specimen using the modal assurance criterion. The first four modes were derived from the SCS13A specimen; they were used as reference modes after verifying with the analysis results from a finite element model. Most of the four mode shapes were found in all CFRP specimens, and the similarity increased when the carbon fiber direction was more than 45°. The anisotropic nature was dominant in three cases of carbon fiber, from 0° to 45°, and the most sensitive case was found in Specimen #3.

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18

Hakimi, Ismail Mahamad, S. Sharif, and Denni Kurniawan. "Laminate Orientation Effect on Drilling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 315 (April 2013): 768–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.315.768.

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Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites are often used in combination with other materials, requiring it to be machined during fabrication of a structure. Drilling as the most common machining process of CFRP is complex often results in delamination of the composites. The complexity is contributed by CFRP composites fiber orientation which can be of unidirectional or quasi-isotropic type depending on the applications. This study reviews the machinability of CFRP composites by considering fiber orientation and machining conditions used during drilling. Their relation with machining thrust force which leads to delamination is the central theme. An insight in obtaining delamination-free holes is also discussed.

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19

Lee, Kwang Ju, Joon Hyeok Choi, and Seok Woon Seon. "Application of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic to Automotive Seat Frames." Applied Mechanics and Materials 680 (October 2014): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.680.566.

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The purpose of this paper is to develop a lightweight automotive seat back frame structure using CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic). The shape of CFRP seat back frame was determined so that its manufacturing could be performed in a single process without additional fastening. Three different kinds of analyses were performed to confirm that CFRP seat frame could satisfy FMVSS (Federal Motor Vehicle Safely Standards) requirements. The results of finite element analyses showed that its maximum stresses were 51.1 to 95.5 % of those of steel seat frame structure. Its mass was 56.2% of that of steel seat back frame. CFRP seat frame can provide better fuel economy as well as improved safety.

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20

Dong, Chen Song. "Experimental Study on Strengthening of Steel Structures with Fiber Reinforced Plastic." Advanced Materials Research 275 (July 2011): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.275.239.

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An experimental study on the strengthening of steel structures with FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) is presented in this paper. Test coupons were prepared by applying FRP patches on both sides of steel coupons. Standard tensile tests were conducted to the test coupons. Two types of CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) and one type of GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic) were studied. The load and strain data were recorded, and the stiffness and strength were derived. The results show that CFRP provides better strengthening than GFRP, but there is no significant difference between PAN graphite/epoxy and pitch graphite/epoxy laminates.

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Nguyen, Nguyen, Phuong Ngoc Diem, Susan A. Roces, Florinda T. Bacani, Masatoshi Kubouchi, Sakai Tetsuya, and Piyachat Yimsiri. "Degradation Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) in Microwave Irradiation." ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering 7, no. 1 & 2 (June 1, 2007): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ajche.50139.

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Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites are being used increasingly not only in strengthening structures of civil infrastructures and aerospace or automotive industries but also in many applications such as in medical fields or chemical plants. The present study relates to resin compositions having beneficial physical and mechanical properties, which may include improved resistance to delamination. This study focused on the different behaviors of CFRP composites when subjected to microwave irradiation. Based on the results of the 3-point bending test and SEM images, the delamination tendencies of breaking the CFRP under microwave were discussed. The results can be summarized as follows: (1) CFRP can be degraded under microwave irradiation; (2) two delamination tendency curves of CFRP by microwave irradiation were observed; (3) only the bending strength values of CFRP decreased with increasing microwave power and residence time; and, (4) the degradation of CFRP by microwave was limited.

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22

Ogawa, Keiji, Heisaburo Nakagawa, Toshiki Hirogaki, and Eiichi Aoyama. "Micro-Drilling of CFRP Plates Using a High-Speed Spindle." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 1035–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.1035.

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Fundamental characteristics in the micro drilling of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) plates are investigated in the present paper. When micro drilling with a high-speed spindle, cutting forces during drilling, such as thrust force and torque, were measured by high resolution dynamometers and drill temperature was monitored by thermography. Comparing the experimental results of CFRP with that of drilling glass fiber-reinforced plastics (GFRP) revealed some unique tendencies. The cutting forces and drill temperature increased drastically. Moreover, drill wear rapidly accelerated. The tool life of CFRP plate drilling is much shorter than that of other plates.

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23

Li, Yeou-Fong, Jie-You Li, Gobinathan Kadagathur Ramanathan, Shu-Mei Chang, Ming-Yuan Shen, Ying-Kuan Tsai, and Chih-Hong Huang. "An Experimental Study on Mechanical Behaviors of Carbon Fiber and Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis Recycled Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Concrete." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 17, 2021): 6829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126829.

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In the last decade, waste carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) products have not been properly recycled and reused, and they sometimes cause environmental problems. In this paper, the microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) technology was utilized to remove the resin from the CFRP bicycle frame, which was recycled into carbon fiber. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and single filament tensile test were used to observe and compare the difference between recycled carbon fiber and normal carbon fiber. The mechanical performances of carbon fiber-reinforced concrete (CFRC) were investigated with static and dynamic tests under three different fiber/cement weight proportions (5‰, 10‰, and 15‰). Three different kinds of carbon fiber were used in this study, normal carbon fiber, carbon fiber without coupling agent, and recycled carbon fiber. The experimental program was tested according to ASTM C39-01, ASTM C293, and ACI 544.2R standards for compression, flexural, and impact test, respectively. From the experimental results, addition of 10‰ of carbon fiber into the concrete exhibited maximum compressive and flexural strength. The impact performance of recycled carbon fiber improved the highest impact number compared with normal carbon fiber under different impact energy.

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Reichert, Olaf, Larisa Ausheyks, Stephan Baz, Joerg Hehl, and Götz T. Gresser. "Innovative rC Staple Fiber Tapes - New Potentials for CF Recyclates in CFRP through Highly Oriented Carbon Staple Fiber Structures." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.509.

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Increasing waste streams of carbon fibers (CF) and carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) lead to increasing need for recycling and to growing amounts of recycled carbon fibers. A main issue in current research for carbon fiber recycling is the reuse of regained fibers. Carbon staple fibers such as recycled fibers hold big potential for mechanical properties of lightweight parts, if used properly. Applying recycled CF (rCF) as milled reinforcement fibers or as nonwoven in carbon fiber reinforced plastic leads to a poor yield of mechanical proper due to low fiber orientation, limitations in fiber volume content or due to short fiber length. The rC staple fiber tape presents a more efficient approach. Recycled carbon fibers are blended with 50 wt. % thermoplastic nylon 6 fibers and processed through a roller card to a sliver, which is a linear fibrous intermediate. The sliver is continuously drawn, formed, heated and consolidated to the thermoplastic rC staple fiber tape. The tape is similar to common carbon fiber tapes or to continuous tows but has different positive properties, such as high fiber orientation, homogeneous blend of fiber and matrix and suitability for deep drawing.

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Kasimzade, A., and S. Tuhta. "Analytical, Numerical and Experimental Examination of Reinforced Composites Beams Covered with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 42, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10254-012-0004-1.

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Analytical, Numerical and Experimental Examination of Reinforced Composites Beams Covered with Carbon Fiber Reinforced PlasticIn the article, analytical, numerical (Finite Element Method) and experimental investigation results of beam that was strengthened with fiber reinforced plastic-FRP composite has been given as comparative, the effect of FRP wrapping number to the maximum load and moment capacity has been evaluated depending on this results. Carbon FRP qualitative dependences have been occurred between wrapping number and beam load and moment capacity for repair-strengthen the reinforced concrete beams with carbon fiber. Shown possibilities of application traditional known analysis programs, for the analysis of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) strengthened structures.

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Tanaka, Hidetake, and Mitsuru Kitamura. "Machinability of Thermo-Plastic Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic in Inclined Planetary Motion Milling." International Journal of Automation Technology 12, no. 5 (September 5, 2018): 750–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2018.p0750.

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The study deals with an improved method of milling thermo-plastic CFRP with a radius end mill. The authors use inclined planetary milling to carry out a fine CFRP boring technique. The inclined planetary motion milling consists of the two independent spindle motions of tool rotation and revolution. The eccentricity of the tool rotation axis is realized by a few degrees of inclination from the revolution axis. The movement of eccentric mechanism can be reduced by comparing it with that of orbital drilling. The inclined planetary motion milling reduces inertial vibration and decreases cutting force. Owing to the geometrical cutting principle, material delamination and burrs can be decreased. Thermo-plastic CFRP has recently been under development as an alternative structural material for the next generation of automobiles and in response to demands for bored fastening holes. The shape of the cutting edge of the ball end mill is suitable for the inclined planetary milling, as revealed by results of past experiments done on thermo-set CFRP. However, the ball end mill has left burrs and melted matrix on the exit side in the case of thermo-plastic CFRP. The radius end mill has the advantage over the ball end mill in terms of finishing fine boring. Based on the consideration of the schematic model and experiments using the Taguchi method, the improved milling conditions are examined.

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Huang, Nan, Hui Li, and Ping Fei Xu. "Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beam for Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic." Applied Mechanics and Materials 730 (January 2015): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.730.101.

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The flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by CFRP is analyzed by using the way which connected tests with finite element simulation.First,through the test to get the load data of one unstrengthened and one strengthened reinforced concrete beam.Then,the finite element model is carried out based on Ansys finite element analysis software.The reinforced beam carrying capacity is improved based on the test data and finite element calculation results.Steel bars stress change curve, CFRP stress curve and the load displacement curves are in good agreement with experimental results.

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Hai, Hong, Ying Hua Zhao, and Li Ye Sun. "High-Strength Concrete Structure Strengthened with CFRP: Experimental Study and Nonlinear FE Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 3087–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.3087.

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This paper deals with high-strength concrete structure with carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) strips bonded to the shear face. The first part deals with an experimental study. The fiber reinforced plastics strengthened concrete member test presents a failure mode with debonding of the external CFRP strips from the concrete member. The second part deals with a nonlinear FE analysis with LS-DYNA . Considering of the adhesive layer, explicit finite element is used for simulating the shear failure of CFRP-strengthened concrete, obtain the whole process of structure deformation development and describe the conformation and development of crack and the failure mode. The FE results are compared with the experimental results.

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Akai, Kenju, Yuji Kageyama, Kaoru Sato, Nariaki Nishino, and Kazuro Kageyama. "AHP Analysis of the Preference of Engineers for Suitable CFRP for Automobile Parts." International Journal of Automation Technology 9, no. 3 (May 5, 2015): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2015.p0222.

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A questionnaire survey was conducted and analyzed with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate the suitability of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) for use in automobile parts from an engineer’s viewpoint. The results indicated that carbon fiber has a higher potential for use in the framework than as an outer panel or exterior material. In addition, unidirectional and isotropic CFRPs can be used as alternatives to steel for higher-class automobiles. The critical evaluation criteria for carbon fiber are the material cost, safety, stiffness, and corrosion resistance. With the innovative carbon fiber project of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, CFRP has high potential as an alternative material for not only Class S but also Class A automobiles. In a dramatic innovation scenario with regard to the safety, stiffness, and thermal degradation of carbon fiber, CFRP was found to be a potential alternative material for more than half of the parts of Class A automobiles and several parts of Class C automobiles.

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Scruggs, Alexander M., Sebastian Kirmse, and Kuang-Ting Hsiao. "Enhancement of Through-Thickness Thermal Transport in Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Laminates due to the Synergetic Role of Carbon Nanofiber Z-Threads." Journal of Nanomaterials 2019 (January 3, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8928917.

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This study experimentally and analytically examined the influence of carbon nanofiber (CNF) z-threads on the through-thickness (i.e., z-direction) thermal conductivity of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs). It was hypothesized that a network of CNF z-threads within CFRPs would provide a thermally conductive microstructure throughout the sample thickness that would increase the through-thickness thermal conductivity. The experiments showed that the through-thickness thermal conductivity of the CNF z-threaded CFRPs (9.85 W/m-K) was approximately 7.53 times greater than that of the control CFRPs (1.31 W/m-K) and 2.73 times greater than that of the unaligned CNF-modified CFRPs (3.61 W/m-K). Accordingly, the CNF z-threads were found to play a substantial role in increasing the through-thickness thermal conductivity of CFRPs. To better understand the role of the CNF z-threads in through-thickness thermal transport, simple logical models of the CFRPs were constructed and then compared with the experimental results. Through these analyses, it was determined that CNF z-threads substantially enhance the through-thickness thermal conductivity by creating carbon fiber-CNF linkages throughout the CFRP laminate; these linkages allow the heat flow to largely bypass the resistive resin that envelops the carbon fibers. In addition, thermal infrared tests illustrated that the increased through-thickness thermal conductivity of the CNF z-threaded CFRP enabled the location and visualization of defects within the laminate, which was not possible with the control CFRP.

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Katabira, Kenichi, Hiroki Kurita, Yu Yoshida, and Fumio Narita. "Fabrication and Characterization of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Containing Magnetostrictive Fe-Co Fibers with Damage Self-Detection Capability." Sensors 19, no. 22 (November 15, 2019): 4984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19224984.

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Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is an excellent choice in the areas where weight reduction is important and multi-functionalization of CFRP, especially by adding sensor capabilities, is a promising approach to realize lightweight battery-free devices in structural health monitoring (SHM). In this study, we fabricated hybrid CFRP with Fe-Co fibers and evaluated the inverse magnetostrictive response characteristics. It was shown that the measured magnetic flux density of the CFRP fluctuates in response to cyclic bending load. It was also revealed that our Fe-Co fiber inserted CFRP has damage self-sensing ability. In addition, it seems that the optimization of design and more experimental and numerical investigation improves the capability of the hybrid CFRP with Fe-Co fiber as sensor composite materials.

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Böhnke, Philippa Ruth Christine, Iris Kruppke, David Hoffmann, Mirko Richter, Eric Häntzsche, Thomas Gereke, Benjamin Kruppke, and Chokri Cherif. "Matrix Decomposition of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastics via the Activation of Semiconductors." Materials 13, no. 15 (July 23, 2020): 3267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13153267.

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The present study proposed a novel process for the matrix decomposition of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs). For this purpose, the influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation paired with semiconductors on CFRP was analyzed. Then, suitable process parameters for superficial and in-depth matrix decomposition in CFRP were evaluated. The epoxy resin was decomposed most effectively without damaging the embedded carbon fiber by using a UV light-emitting diode (LED) spotlight (395 nm, Semray 4103 by Heraeus Noblelight) at a power level of 66% compared to the maximum power of the spotlight. Using a distance of 10 mm and a treatment duration of only 35–40 s achieved a depth of two layers with an area of 750 mm2, which is suitable for technological CFRP repair procedures. In addition to the characterization of the process, the treated CFRP samples were analyzed based on several analytical methods, namely, light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Subsequently, the prepared carbon fibers (CFs) were tested using filament tensiometry, single filament tensile tests, and thermogravimetric measurements. All analyses showed the power level of 66% to be superior to the use of 96% power. The gentle (“fiber friendly”) matrix destruction reduced the damage to the surface of the fibers and maintained their properties, such as maximum elongation and maximum tensile strength, at the level of the reference materials.

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Kim, Chan-Jung. "Temperature-Dependent Dynamic Characteristics of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic for Different Spectral Loading Patterns." Materials 13, no. 22 (November 19, 2020): 5238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225238.

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The dynamic properties of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) can be efficiently estimated through a modal damping coefficient and a resonance frequency, and the modal parameters can be calculated using a frequency response function (FRF). The modal parameters used in an CFRP FRF are influenced by the carbon fiber direction, temperature, and spectral loading pattern, as well as the operating conditions. In this study, three parameters—temperature, spectral loading pattern, and carbon fiber direction—were selected as the influential factors for CFRP dynamics, and the sensitivity index formulation was derived from the parameter-dependent FRF of the CFRP structure. The derivatives of the parameter-dependent FRF over the three considered parameters were calculated from the measured modal parameters, and the dynamic sensitivity of the CFRP specimens was explored from the sensitivity index results for five different directional CFRP specimens. The acceleration response of a simple CFRP specimen was obtained via a uniaxial excitation test at temperatures ranging from −8 to 105 °C for the following two spectral loading cases: harmonic and random.

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Yoon, Han Ki, Jae Hyup Lee, Yi Hyun Park, and J. S. Park. "Strength and Impact Damage Characteristics of Al7075/CFRP Sandwich Panel." Key Engineering Materials 261-263 (April 2004): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.261-263.295.

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Carbon fiber reinforced aluminum layer laminate (CARALL), which were consisted of various numbers of CFRP prepregs, adhesive films and aluminum sheets, were fabricated by an autoclave. Impact damage behaviors of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) and CARALL were investigated. The impact damage resistance of CARALL was significantly higher than that of CFRP. Compression after impact (CAI) tests was conducted to investigate the effect of impact damage on the compression strength of CARALL and CFRP specimens. The CAI strength of CFRP and CARALL decreased with increase of impact energy. However, CAI strength of CARALL is higher than that of CFRP, which can be attributed to the excellent impact damage absorbability of aluminum sheet in CARALL.

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Karpiuk, Irina, Vasily Karpiuk, Anatoly Kostyuk, Roman Hlibotskyi та Oleksandr Posternak. "Load-bearing Capacity of Bringing to the Boundary Camp (ULS) Low-Density Concrete Beams with ВFRP Reinforced with Fiber-reinforced Plastics (CFRP)". Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences 2, № 6(37) (2022): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2664-262x.2022.6(37).2.127-141.

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The aim of this article is to familiarize with the experimental and theoretical study of the load-bearing capacity of BFRP concrete beams damaged in previous studies and brought to failure, reinforced with carbon-plastic fabric in the lower stretched zone and carbon-plastic jackets in the supporting areas under the action of low-cycle sign-repeated transverse loading of high levels with the development of initial data for the physical model of the methodology for calculating the strength of their normal and inclined sections. The article presents the results of testing concrete beams reinforced with ВFRP, strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips in the lower tensile zones and carbon fiber reinforced polymer jackets at support sections, previously tested to ultimate limit state (ULS). The load-carrying capacity of the reinforced FRP support sections of beam structures, brought to the ultimate limit state (ULS), should be determined primarily under the action of bending moment through the critical inclined crack. The performed experimental and theoretical studies have established the possibility and feasibility of strengthening damaged and brought to the boundary state (ULS) concrete structures with BFRP external fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) while observing the established technology. The bearing capacity of CFRP-reinforced damaged concrete beams with BFRP should only be determined for the action of bending moments along normal sections in elements with large (a/d = 3) and medium (a/d = 2) shear spans and along inclined sections in beams with small (a/d=1) shear spans.

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Liu, J. A., Z. Q. Dong, X. Y. Zhu, W. B. Sun, and Z. Q. Huang. "Flexural properties of lightweight carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite sandwiches with different fiber directions." Materials Research Express 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 026506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac4dc5.

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Abstract In this study, structurally efficient carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) sandwiches were developed via introducing pumice/Mg composite foams as new core material. The effects of the fiber direction (0°, 45°, 90°) on the mechanical properties of CFRP laminates and composite sandwiches were studied. Compared with 45°-CFRP and 90°-CFRP laminates, 0°-CFRP laminate exhibits outstanding flexural properties due to different failure modes. Correspondingly, the 0°-CFRP/PMSF composite sandwiches exhibit higher flexural strength than 45°-CFRP/PMSF and 90°-CFRP/PMSF composite sandwiches. The as-prepared composite sandwiches are lightweight and have higher specific strength than some traditional sandwiches. The different flexural behaviors of three types of sandwiches were observed to explain the failure mechanisms.

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Liu, Zheng, Jun Sun, Yan Tao, and Qian Li. "Experimental Study for the Strength with CFRP in Small Eccentric R.C. Column." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 3064–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.3064.

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This paper mainly studied of the carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) reinforced concrete columns to improve its capacity．First，the CFRP strengthened concrete columns reinforced by the force derived mechanism to improve the theoretical foundation of the bearing capacity. On this basis，study of eight reinforced concrete columns were tested. The actual strength reinforcement component results compare with the theoretical results, this paper got the law of the CFRP reinforced small concrete columns, provided a reference for project．

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38

Zhang, Guoxue, Yingfeng Wang, Shixiang Xu, Juan Lu, and Yangyang Zhou. "Experimental on Impact Mechanical Behavior of the Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic-Reinforced Stainless Steel Reinforced Concrete Piers." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3734.

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To study the impact resistance of the stainless steel reinforced concrete after reinforced with CFRP (Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic), the multifunction ultra-high heavy drop hammer test system was adopted to conduct multiple horizontal impact test research on three stainless steel reinforced concrete piers before and after they are reinforced. The test results showed that with equal impact energy, the maximum impact force of the stainless steel reinforced concrete piers was larger than that of the stainless steel reinforced concrete piers that were reinforced with CFRP, while after the concrete piers were reinforced, the peak displacement of the piers was obviously smaller than that before they were reinforced and the residual deformation also became smaller, which improved the flexural rigidity of the section. And the local anti-damage capacity can be improved so as to lengthen the life of structures by reinforcing the stainless steel reinforced concrete pier with carbon fiber.

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Dan, Sorin, Corneliu Bob, Catalin Badea, Daniel Dan, Constantin Florescu, Liliana Cotoarba, Vasile Pode, and Aurelian Gruin. "Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Used for Strengthening of Existing Reinforced Concrete Structures." Materiale Plastice 55, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 536–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.18.4.5069.

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The paper deals with some aspects regarding the behavior of modern and efficient solutions - for rehabilitation of reinforced concrete framed structures. The paper is devoted to experimental studies on carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) systems used as strengthening solution for reinforced concrete (RC) frames assumed as existing structures, which were tested as un-strengthened and as (CFRP) strengthened structures. Single span and single story frames (scale 1:2) were designed and detailed according to the Romanian design codes from 1970s under which seismic design was inadequate. The RC design and the magnitude of applied forces were ensuring the failure mechanism, of non-strengthened RC frames, by plastic hinges at columns ends. Then the columns were strengthened by using CFRP materials. The experimental program emphasized some important aspects regarding the behavior and failure by debonding of CFRP strengthening materials applied to RC frames. The analysis of experimental data and theoretical values showed up an increase of resistance and stiffness achieved by strengthening.

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OKUYAMA, Kei-ichi, Shigeru HIBINO, and Aleksander LIDTKE. "KINETIC PROPERTY OF A PRESSURE VESSEL MADE FROM CFRP FABRICATED A FILAMENT WINDING METHOD." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 3 (March 31, 2018): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i3.2018.1507.

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Since the specific strength and the specific elasticity of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) are the greatest in practical materials, they are used abundantly in transport structures. This CFRP can also be used for a pressure vessel which stores liquid hydrazine, the required burst pressure is approximately 22MPa. Many researchers have been studying pressure vessels made from a CFRP fabricated by a filament winding (FW) method. In order to acquire the fundamental mechanical properties of a CFRP container, the small cylinder made from CFRP fabricated by the spiral winding type FW method is designed and manufactured. The winding angle of a carbon fiber of this cylinder is ±45 degrees. The plastic deformation of this cylinder generates from the strain range of 0.7%. So as to confirm by the analytical method that a small tank made from CFRP fabricated by the FW method can be utilized as a tank for liquid hydrazine, an analysis model is created. Since the pressure to which the strain of this CFRP tank reaches to 0.7% is approximately 35MPa, this small tank can be used as a fuel tank for micro satellites.

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41

Kim, Chan-Jung. "Modal Parameter Tracking in a Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Structure over Different Carbon Fiber Angles." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 11 (November 3, 2021): 1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111214.

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The dynamics of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) change according to the carbon fiber angle, and a mode order shift may occur in CFRP specimens. The variation trends in modal parameters differ in each mode; thus, an efficient mode-tracking method is needed to identify the reliable dynamic behavior of the CFRP structure. The mode-tracking method was assumed to be applicable for the same configuration of the tested specimen except for the differences in carbon fiber angle of the CFRP specimen. Simple rectangular specimens were prepared for one isotropic material, SS275, and five anisotropic CFRP specimens with five carbon fiber angles ranging from 0° to 90°. An experimental impact test was conducted to obtain all the modal parameters. The proposed mode-tracking method was applied using three indicators: the modal assurance criterion (MAC) and two modal parameters (resonance frequency and modal damping ratio). The MAC value was valid for the three bending modes at 0°, 30°, and 90°, but not for the two torsional modes. However, the variation in the resonance frequencies was a more efficient indicator with which to track all the modes of interest, except for the second torsional mode. The variation in the modal damping ratio was also a valid indicator for the two torsional modes. Therefore, the proposed three indicators were all required to derive reliable mode tracking for the CFRP specimens considering the mode order shift.

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42

Tsao, Chung Chen. "Influence of Drill Geometry in Drilling Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics." Key Engineering Materials 375-376 (March 2008): 236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.375-376.236.

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Twist drill is widely used in hole-making process in industries, due their low production cost and ease of regrinding after wear. However, drilling of fiber reinforced plastics with twist drill often results in defects and damages, such as delamination, debonding, spalling and fiber pullout. The chisel edge of twist drill is the mainly influence for the thrust force and the hole quality in drilling carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates. Pre-drilled pilot hole or reduce chisel edge can eliminate the threat for twist drill in drilling induced-delamination. Drilling-induced thrust force was selected as quality character factors to optimize the drilling parameters (drill type, feed rate and spindle speed) to get the smaller the better machining characteristics by Taguchi method. The results show that the feed rate and drill type are the most significant factor affecting the induced-thrust in drilling CFRP laminates.

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43

Hosoi, Atsushi, Yuhei Yamaguchi, Yang Ju, Yasumoto Sato, and Tsunaji Kitayama. "Detection of Delamination in GFRP and CFRP by Microwaves with Focusing Mirror Sensor." Materials Science Forum 750 (March 2013): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.750.142.

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A technique to detect delamination in composite materials by noncontact, rapid and high sensitive microwave reflectometry with a focusing mirror sensor was proposed. The focusing mirror sensor, which has high sensitivity and resolution, is expected to detect delamination sensitively. In this paper, the ability of microwave inspection to detect delamination in glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) was verified. As the results, the existences of 100 μm thick delamination in 3 mm thick GFRP laminate and 2 mm thick CFRP laminate were detected.

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44

Harada, Yoshihisa, Mayu Muramatsu, Takayuki Suzuki, Michiteru Nishino, and Hiroyuki Niino. "Influence of Laser Process on Mechanical Behavior during Cutting of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composites." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 1518–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.1518.

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Carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) composite is most attractive materials to reduce the weight of transportations. To increase the production volume and the efficiency in the field of CFRP component, fast, highly precise and cost-efficient technologies are required. Although laser cutting meets these requirements, it is not used because of insufficient knowledge about the effect of thermal damage on the material behavior. In this study, the effect of several cutting processes on the static tensile strength and the fatigue strength was evaluated for CFRP consisting of thermoset resin matrix and carbon fibers. The CFRP was cut using two different-type of lasers; a CO2 gas laser and single-mode fiber lasers, and a conventional mechanical tool. The mechanical cutting specimen produced a cut of high quality. While, the laser cutting specimens clearly showed a heat-affected zone (HAZ). The static tensile strength and the fatigue strength by laser cutting specimens clearly decreased in comparison with mechanical cutting specimen. The laser cutting specimen exhibited a linear dependency of the tensile strength on the HAZ, indicating that the main effect resulted from thermal destruction of CFRP within the HAZ.

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45

Gomer, Andreas, Wei Zou, Niels Grigat, Johannes Sackmann, and Werner Schomburg. "Fabrication of Fiber Reinforced Plastics by Ultrasonic Welding." Journal of Composites Science 2, no. 3 (September 17, 2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs2030056.

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Ultrasonic fabrication of fiber reinforced plastics made from thermoplastic polymer films and carbon or glass fibers enables cycle times of a few seconds and requires investment costs of only some 10,000 €. Besides this, the raw materials can be stored at room temperature. A fiber content of 33 vol % and a tensile strength of approximately 1.2 GPa have been achieved by ultrasonic welding of nine layers of foils from polyamide, each 100 µm in thickness, and eight layers of carbon fibers, each 100 µm in thickness, in between. Besides unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite (CFRP) samples, multi-directional CFRP plates, 116 mm, 64 mm and 1.2 mm in length, width and thickness respectively, were fabricated by processing three layers of carbon fiber canvas, each 300 µm in thickness, and eight layers of polyamide foils, each 100 µm in thickness. Furthermore, both the discontinuous and the continuous ultrasonic fabrication processes are described and the results are presented in this paper. Large-scale production still needs to be demonstrated.

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46

Dumansky, A., E. Fomina, M. Alimov, and M. Khudorozhko. "Analysis of sensitivity of elastic characteristics of unidirectional carbon fiber specimens with thermoplastic matrix to loading rate at high temperature." E3S Web of Conferences 376 (2023): 01045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337601045.

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The problem of assessing the sensitivity of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastics to loading rate is considered. As a rule, when the loading rate changes, the stress-strain curves for unidirectional CFRP specimens under loading at different off-axis angles change due to the rheological properties and physical nonlinearity. An attempt is made to reveal the degree of anisotropy sensitivity of a unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastic with thermoplastic matrix at an elevated temperature in the range of changes in the loading rate by two orders of magnitude both in stress and in strain.

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Srikumar, Biradar, Joladarshi Sharnappa, and S. M. Kulkarni. "FE Analysis of FRP Pressure Vessel." Key Engineering Materials 801 (May 2019): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.801.77.

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In this paper the main focus is on analyzing the effect of various parameters like winding angle, winding pattern and fiber volume fraction on the stresses generation in a composite pressure vessel using Finite Element (FE) approach. The present study makes use of three different composite materials namely GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic), CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) and AFRP (Aramid Fiber Reinforced Plastic). Further they are compared with metallic pressure vessel (LCS-Low Carbon Steel, Al 6061-T6-Aluminium 6061-T6) to assess their potentiality as a substitute to metallic pressure vessels. Based on Maximum Specific Stress (MSS) results observations it is concluded that optimum parameters suggested for fabrication of pressure vessel are winding angle ±55o, fiber volume fraction, Vf of 0.55 and winding pattern of ((±∅°2)/90°2/(±∅°2)). Following AFRP, CFRP and GFRP provides better performance when compared with LCS and Al 6061 T6 based on MSS value. Considering the availability, cost and application factors it can be concluded that GFRP can be conveniently used as substitute for metallic pressure vessels.

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48

Rajesh, S., and G. B. Bhaskar. "Response of Composite Leaf Springs to Low Velocity Impact Loading." Applied Mechanics and Materials 591 (July 2014): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.591.47.

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Leaf springs are the traditional suspension elements, occupying a vital position in the automobile industry. This paper deals us the replacement of existing steel leaf spring by composite leaf spring. The dimensions of existing middle steel leaf spring of commercial vehicle (Tata ace mini truck) were taken and fabricated using a specially designed die. Single leaf of the suspension springs, each made up composite with bidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), bidirectional glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) and hybrid glass-carbon fiber reinforced plastic (G-CFRP), was fabricated by hand layup process. It is to be mentioned here that the cross sectional area of the composite spring same as the metallic spring. A low velocity impact test rig was fabricated in the laboratory with loading set up. The composite leaf springs were tested with the low velocity impact test rig. By using the low velocity impact test rig, the deflection due to various drop height were measured.

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Kang, Ho-Young, Chan-Jung Kim, and Jaewoong Lee. "Modal Damping Coefficient Estimation of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Material Considering Temperature Condition." Materials 13, no. 12 (June 26, 2020): 2872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122872.

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Excellent mechanical properties of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic material (CFRP) demonstrates many possibilities in industries using lightweight materials, but unlike isotropic materials, such as iron, aluminum, and magnesium, they show direction-sensitive properties, which makes it difficult to apply for them. The sensitivity of a modal damping coefficient of a CFRP material over the direction of carbon fiber was examined on spectral input patterns in recent research, but the effect of temperature was not considered up to now. To overcome this, uniaxial vibration tests were conducted using five simple specimens with different direction of carbon fiber in a CFRP specimen, the frequency response functions were experimentally determined and the modal damping coefficients were calculated. It was revealed that the resonance point and the modal damping of the specimen changed according to the change in temperature condition. Based on the experimental results, it was demonstrated that the theoretical frequency response function of the carbon composite material is a function of temperature, and it was confirmed that the nonlinear characteristic of the modal damping was the smallest under the 0 degree of direction of carbon fiber.

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Ahmad, Fareed, Mohammed Al Awadh, Muhammad Abas, Sahar Noor, and Asad Hameed. "Optimization of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Curing Parameters for Aerospace Application." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 24, 2022): 4307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094307.

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The use of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is increasing in engineering applications such as aerospace, automobiles, defense, and construction. Excellent strength-to-weight ratio, high impact toughness, and corrosion resistance make CFRP highly suitable for aerospace applications. Curing temperature, curing time, and autoclave pressure are among the most important curing parameters affecting the properties of CFRP. Tensile strength, impact toughness, and hardness of CFRP were selected as desirable properties for optimization. A 23 full factorial design of experiment (DOE) was employed by varying curing temperature (120 and 140 °C), curing time (90 and 120 min), and autoclave pressure (3 and 7 bar) while keeping the number of experiments to a minimum level. The cured samples were subjected to tensile strength, impact toughness, and hardness tests at room temperature as per relevant ASTM standards. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, and it was found that tensile strength, impact toughness, and hardness were influenced most significantly by temperature and time. The maximum tensile strength and hardness were achieved for curing cycle parameters of 140 °C, 120 min, and 7 bar, and impact toughness was maximized for 140 °C, 120 min, and 3 bar. A concept of composite desirability function was used to achieve simultaneous optimization of conflicting tensile strength and impact toughness properties for the specific application of aircraft skin.

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