Дисертації з теми "Caraïbe française"
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Confiant, Raphaël. "Kréól palé, kréyól matjé. . : analyse des significations attachées aux aspects littéraires, linguistiques et socio-historiques de l'écrit créolophone de 1750 à 1995 aux Petits Antilles, en Guyane et en Hai͏̈ti." Antilles-Guyane, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AGUY0013.
Повний текст джерелаDuring three centuries and a half (from 1625 to nowadays), peoples from various parts of the world intermingled in haiti, the french west-indies and french guiana : native indians, europeans, africans and later asians. This unique biological and cultural process was defined as creolization by most anthropologists and historians. One of the most interesting side of this process is the linguistic situation since new languages -- called creole languages -- appeared in the french territories and became rapidly the mother-tongue of the majority of the population. Since one century and a half, major linguists (l. Adam, h. Schuchardt, l. Bloomfield, d. Bickerton etc. ) have studied their various phonological, syntactic and lexical aspects. Some have defined yhe sociolinguistic situation of creole-speaking countries as diglossia that is a situation in which two languages evolving in the same ecosystem, i. E. French and creole, are sharing, in a conflicting way, the various fields of social communication. Nonetheless, little attention has been paid to written creole though we do have texts in creole dating from 1754, covering the whole range of litterary styles : poetry, fable, theater, short-story, novel etc. . . Pondering over litterary diglossia, i have examined the most important texts written in this language during three centuries and a half, trying to identify the main impediments that stand in the way of creole, an oral language, when it has to cope with writing : orthography, norm, conceptualization, relations with its oral litterature, influence of french litterature and so on
Facthum, Sainton Juliette. "Les langues créoles à base lexicale française de la Caraïbe : phonétique, phonologie et variation." Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE4096.
Повний текст джерелаThe present study aims at describing the phonological system of the Caribbean french-based creoles. The guadeloupean variety is at the foreground. The martinican variety is largely represented. The phonological oppositions are obtained through corpuses derived from both creoles. The creole language being geographically configurated for a high degree of variation (that is to say bein practised on two levels, the island and the archipelago), the free variation of phonemes emerges gradually from the description, making it possible to deal with the syntagmatic relationship between sound. The haitian variety as well as those of the same lexical affiliation spoken in the english-speaking islands are often referred to, confirming the phonetic rules common to the creole-speaking community, from one end of the caribbean archipelago to the other end. Thus, come to the surface, the phonological coherence of the system and a typology of the creole system variation of phonemes
Pillet, Valentin. "Détection et attribution des changements morphologiques côtiers récents en milieu insulaire tropical (Polynésie française, Caraïbe)." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LAROS019.
Повний текст джерелаLow-lying reef islands and coastal areas of tropical mountainous islands are highly vulnerable to the impacts of tropical cyclones and the expected effects of climate change. However, while the French metropolitan coasts have benefited from a significant effort to assess their long-term changes, French overseas islands are the least documented areas in French Territory. Based on this observation, this thesis examines the respective contribution of natural and anthropogenic drivers in the past evolution of reef islands (French Polynesia) and mountainous island beaches (Northern Lesser Antilles). This study relies on a combined approach between geomatic and fieldwork. From a multi-scalar (spatial and temporal) analysis, we detect and attribute the planimetric changes experienced by the sedimentary systems of the studied islands. Results on reef islands are comparable to those of previous studies which established that most of the islands have been stable or in expansion over the last decades. They allow to suggest conceptual models of long-term trajectories and examine the respective contribution of the drivers considered in this study. On mountainous island beaches, this study shows that local settings explain the high longitudinal variability detected in various climatic situations. In addition, this study contributes to the global samples of studied islands and to move forward on the understanding of past coastal changes in French overseas islands
Montrésor, Sabine. "Images et métamorphoses du baroque dans la Caraïbe, Cuba, les Antilles françaises et Haïti." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030039.
Повний текст джерелаSay what is West Indies and produce it for the people of the speech, is a constant and essential challenge. For the master's of the speech the question is how to expose his plurality to let show the oral tradition in the script. Among various genres they will find, languages, pictures and artifices to express his diversity and peculiarity and the “Tout-Monde”. So from the “Réel-Merveilleux” till the Néo baroque, French Creole “dit” explain and impress himself as a literature
Hamot-Pezeron, Simone. "Etre indien Caraïbe de nos jours à la Dominique, au Vénézuela et en Guyane française : Texte imprimé." Lyon 2, 1999. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1999/hamot_pezeron_s.
Повний текст джерелаLittle is know of the Carib Indians who gave their name to one of the most beautiful regions on the globe. Half a millenium after the first fateful voyage of Columbus, they still exist and are proud of their famous ancestors. This study about the Carib Indians of Dominica island, Venezuela ethnic Guiana examines this indigenou people in terms of their history, ethnic and social structure, ecological and physical characteristics of the territory, economy and social organization, folk and religion
Leclerc, Jean. "La quête de l'identité antillaise chez les écrivains de la caraïbe anglophone : (1930-1955)." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOL015.
Повний текст джерелаThe thirties were the years of political awakening, the birth of trade-unions in the Caribbean. All this was to lead to Bandoung in 1955. Those were also the years when Claude Mc Kay, Alfred Mendes and Clr James became known as writers. In those years, writers at long last dared to write, to question the established colonial order. Once the political and literary emancipation stage was through, an authentic literature could blossom
Larcher, Silyane. "L'autre citoyen : universalisme civique et exclusion sociale et politique au miroir des colonies post-esclavagistes de la Caraïbe française (Martinique, Guadeloupe, années 1840 - années 1890)." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0088.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation investigates the apparent contradiction between civil and political equality and the exclusion of the citizens of the French Antilles from general law after 1848. Adressed for its heuristic value, this paradox is resituated within the general economy of French citizenship and at the intersection with the history of the various legal statuses of individuals in the French colonial empire during the second half of the 19th century. This investigation thus traces out a conceptual genealogy of French citizenship from the margins, over the long term. The thesis shows that the civil and politic equality of individuals does not equate to full inclusion in the political sphere: the « community of citizens », is not constituted by the granting 0 rights. The marginalization of citizens who were former slaves finds its origins in a political and moral assessment of the social and historical legacies these citizens. This assessment is measured by the ideal of a concurrence between the autonomous Iiberal individual and the modem Citizen: the universalization of rights and the generalization of the law require that individuals belong to the same social ethos. The other-ing of equals rests, even according to modem principles, on the politicization of social inheritance. It operates as a mechanism of racialization, based on the politicization of origins. Thus French citizenship was neither unitary nor abstract. It worked as much to include as it did to exclude. Its historical construction was articulated according to a certain modality of "race," which included not only categorization based on color, but also based on the perceived level of "civilization"
Carvigan-Cassin, Laura-Line. "Présence et influence de l'oeuvre poétique d'Aimé Césaire dans le champ littéraire francophone caribéen." Antilles-Guyane, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AGUY0249.
Повний текст джерелаAimé Césaire is with no doubt the french caribbean poet symbolic of our time. At the crosswords ofworlds, ofcultures discoveringeach others, he never renounced bis black identity, always assumed bis past and history marked by colonization and protested againstall forms ofoppression, suffering and alienation. He is also the one who understood that it is by claiming a singular identity that theBlack man (denied ofits humanity in the past) can reach universality. He overthrows images and stereotypes ofthe Black man andproposes a new model. To the black would-be white writer, he opposes the black man who speaks and knocks down everything : language, codes, syntax and poetry. The aim of our study is to analyse the reception ofthis poetic work qualified as founding and fundamental, subversive and cannibal ;a multidimensional poetry which influenced entire generations ofthinkers, writers. This open work, both popular and scholarly callsfor endless remodelled readings and interpretations as well as explorations of its varions rewritings. The poetry of Aimé Césaire, intertextual, talks with West Indians and Caribbean writers. That is why it is interesting to focus on the ambivalent relationship, sometimes challenging and full ofrevoit and fascination, between the founding Father and its successors. This research is written in present tense because white being undertaken Aimé Césaire was still alive. With no doubt, he is, like his work and through his work, still alive
Arthéron, Axel. "Les théâtres afro-caribéens d'expression française au XXème siècle face à la Révolution de Saint-Domingue : dramaturgies révolutionnaires et enjeux populaires." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030161.
Повний текст джерелаThe appearance in the 50’ of afro-Caribbean’s pieces setting up the Dominican Revolution proves to be symbolic. Announced by the creation of La Tragedie du Roi Christophe from Aimé Césaire by Jean-Marie Serreau and the Toucan Troupe, these theatricals expressions will go towards defining a proper theatrical type- possessing his own characteristics, his writing codes, his connection with history and historical characters, and above all, his purpose, his finality : his political and popular function. The articulation between the choice of theater, the political theme of the Dominican Revolution and the stakes of the second half of the 20th Century will constitute the insignia of the historical revolutionary theater, both political and popular
Matsui, Hiroshi. "Deux cartographies de la relation : Aimé Césaire, Kateb Yacine, Edouard Glissant." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080028/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe controversy of so-called “francophone” writers in 2006 indicates the end of “national paradigm of literature”. This paradigm consists of three unities: language, people and literature. Because of its highly centralized system, France is the State that succeeded the most in bundling its nation and literature. Their tight connection is assured by the principle of territorializaion. Then, in order to think about literature without territory and outside national paradigm, it is necessary to examine it in terms of dissemination and deterritorialization, which are becoming increasingly visible today. This dissertation discusses about the world and literature in perspective of Édouard Glissant’s concept of Relation. He observes three trajectories that modern writers have drawn. The first trajectory departs from the Center to periphery that conforms to European colonization over the world. The second trajectory goes from colonial periphery to the Center, which corresponds with the migration of colonized people to Metropolitan France as well as their anti-colonial thoughts. Though, these two trajectories seem identical so far as they are constructed by Center/periphery dichotomy, realizing a concentric Relation of the world. The third trajectory, however, demolishes such Center/periphery dichotomy, by wandering from a periphery to another periphery and realizing the inter-peripheral Relation. Applying Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s pair of concepts, Tree and Rhizome, this dissertation maps those two sorts of Relations. It reveals the becoming-rhizome of the world by studying the literary works of Aimé Césaire, Kateb Yacine, and Édouard Glissant
Geoffroy, Edouard. "Dynamique entrepreneuriale et insularité : le cas des entreprises de la caraïbe francophone." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MARN0374.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims to analyze the possible ties between the performance of Creole enterprises and the cultural representations linked to entrepreneurship in the French-speaking insular spaces of the Caribbean. Cohabitation of two major types of enterprise is a characteristic of this space. On one hand we have the capitalist type of enterprise, dating from the French Old Regime, based on a long-term risk logic and on innovation, which provides the best performance records. This is the entrepreneurship model par excellence. On the other hand, we have the “creolised” type enterprise, created by mimetic Creole entrepreneurs right after the abolition of slavery. This model endeavours to reconcile the talent of creative arts with that of management, without ever achieving lasting results. Nowadays, entrepreneurship seems to be the answer to the unemployment crisis. Scoring measurement methods applied to two set of enterprises, the first one composed of enterprises having filed a petition for bankruptcy, the other one of still active enterprises and the customers of a local Bank, show that these enterprises follow a short-term management scheme, in the financial field in particular, hence recorded chronic counter-performances. Such results are the products of the rationalities shocks resulting from the interaction between the capitalistic and the Creole cultural logics that contribute to the failure of an effective and lasting enterprise project. Or coming these counter-performances will require a constructivist global reflection on the entrepreneurial project, education in measurement techniques and proper managerial training. The appropriation of entrepreneurship risk and permanent innovation concepts by the Creole entrepreneurs will require specific levers of management and performance control, such as the manager's control panel and the financial plan
Monza, Rosan. "LaGuadeloupe : kaléidoscope de la géopolitique d'un département français de la Caraïbe." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA082618.
Повний текст джерелаBerthon, Olivia. "Pratiques de l'installation dans les îles francophones de la Caraïbe." Thesis, Antilles, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ANTI0604.
Повний текст джерелаMy research focuses on the visual artists' work who practice installation art in the French-speaking Caribbean islands. These islands, composed of the French West Indies (Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint-Martin as well as their administrative dependencies) and the Republic of Haiti, are lands where encounter, miscegenation and Creolity strengthen the permanent relationship that people have with their different genesis, with multiple ramifications and cross-border origins.In this context, installation art, which is located at an infinity of aesthetic explorations’ confluence, through which rules and forms were definitively questioned during the twentieth century, presents itself in the mode of a multidisciplinary approach that, today, is authoritative in many disciplines. Fruit of encounters, impregnations, it is at the thresholds, at the edge of an infinity of geographical, social, political, cultural borders, where the margin that separates the spectator from the work of art dissolves, becomes darkened, fades and faints. This significant boundaries' dissolution between the arts manifests itself in many fields: installation art is a phenomenon revealing this dissolution which, in the French-speaking Caribbean islands, takes on a specific content.In the archipelago, the border question is omnipresent. It mixes historical, sociological, anthropological, philosophical, cultural, artistic and aesthetic issues. Indeed, a boundary is a composite zone where a set of perennial, life-saving or violent relationships is built between several individuals, several peoples, several states, between different cultures and customs, but also between several landscapes, several textures, several movements and exhalations. These data are variables that are heard in the Caribbean artists' work, that measured and confronts several historical, identity, cultural or institutional spaces. Moreover, the sense of these artists for hybridization, mixing and all forms of impregnation constitutes a powerful and constant breadcrumb, which allows to assert their advertence for a culture of globality, inscribed in parcel spaces
Schmidt, Nelly. "Victor Schoelcher et le processus de destruction du système esclavagiste aux Caraïbes au XIXe siècle." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040047.
Повний текст джерелаVictor Schœlcher 's written work and political action, from the years 1830s, were concerned with colonial questions and slavery. He has been the only European abolitionist living the three stages of the process of destruction of the slavery system in the Caribbean: 1) the abolitionist campaign, 2) the abolition itself, as sous-secretaire d'etat for the colonies and author 0f the abolition bill of April 27, 1848, and 3) the long period of post-slavery social-economic and political transformations. He had a conclusive influence on the French policy in the Caribbean during the second half of the XIXth century and even afterwards. The analysis of his work does allow a comparative perspective on that fundamental period of Caribbean history. This thesis is built around four main axes: the elaboration of Schœlcher's colonial reform project, V. Schœlcher coming into power in 1848 and the first post-slavery transformations (1848-1854), the application of the social and political "model" of Schœlcher and his political influence, as a republican parliament deputy for the colonies, between 1871 and the end of the XIXth. Century
McCrindle, Karen Lyda. "Temps, mode et aspect, les creoles des Caraibes a base lexicale française." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0019/NQ45709.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаTancons, Marie-Huberte. "Problèmes linguistiques et sociolinguistiques relatifs à l'enseignement du français à des créolophones de la caraïbe : (La Guadeloupe)." Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (UPEC), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA120056.
Повний текст джерелаAll official sources produce the same conclusion : that the pupils results are in an alarning proportion poorer in the french departements d'outre mer (d. O. M. ) than in metropolitain france. This is paradoxical to the circumstances of school infrastructure having been developed to its best level in the last two decades. The author presents, through the analysis of the results of a survey, as well as interviews, the use of language amongst the inhabitants of guadeloupe together with their attitude towards the use of french and creole at school. She then shows that the limitations of the school system in guadeloupe are not the result of the establishment itself but are the consequence of its contents and teaching methods, and that it is urgent to adapt the programs and the language that carry them, so that school in this region can fully reach its aim, that is to actually educate the people
Laure, Charlotte. "Tragédies de la décolonisation. Un théâtre écrit en français depuis l'Afrique, la Caraïbe et Madagascar (1942-1992)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030060.
Повний текст джерелаIt may seem paradoxical to choose the dramatic genre of tragedy to represent and support the struggles around the decolonization process of the French empire, as it is a symbol of western culture. However, we demonstrate in this thesis the relevance of this combination of a canonical genre with a protest topic. From the study of a diverse corpus of about thirty plays written in French by African, Caribbean, and Malagasy authors in the second half of the 20th century (1942-1992), we identify a theatrical phenomenon that we call "decolonization tragedies". On the one hand, the genre of tragedy allows to create myths, to celebrate precolonial societies and to highlight anti-colonial struggles. On the other hand, this genre allows to display defeats, which enables the indictment of Europe's self-proclaimed civilizing mission, and reveals the violence of the colonial and slavery system from the standpoint of those who suffer it. Moreover, the specific nature of tragedy encourages to examine its impact on gender. Finally, discussing some distortions in the reception of the plays allows us to show that the dramatic genre is being renewed through the affirmation of a destiny that is no longer transcendental, but historical, and from which one can emancipate oneself
Renault, Agnès. "La communauté françaises de Santiago de Cuba entre 1791 et 1825." Le Havre, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LEHA0007.
Повний текст джерелаSince 1791, French colonists from Saint Domingue took refuge in Cuba, especially in Santiago, to avoid the civil wars of French and Haitian revolutions. They were ejected in 1809 because of the war between French and Spain, but some of them choosed to come back some years later, followed by some other Frenchs coming sometime directly from metropolitan France. These migratory movements were essential for the central area of Cuba. This thesis shows how these refugees were able to straighten up and have a leader activity in the economic decelipment of their "terre d'acceuil / new land". Their success is due to the ability to rebuild a community where diversity exists but with the sharing feeling to be French. The refugees group remakes all the specificities of the Saint-Domingue colonial society. Colonists before everything, they choose the new world, and the French migratory movement in Santiago de Cuba is an announcement of the french colonization during the XIXth Century
Gavriloff, Domitille de. "La porte étroite : missions d'évangélisation et esclavage racial en Martinique et à Saint-Domingue (1635-1789)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025EHES0002.
Повний текст джерелаSince the first half of the 17th century, Catholic missions have played an integral part in the French colonial expansion in the Caribbean and the development of slave societies. Through a comparative analysis of the implementation of evangelizing missions directed towards enslaved Africans in Martinique and Saint-Domingue during the 17th and 18th centuries, this work contributes to the debate surrounding the relationship between slavery and the racialization process in the Americas. Indeed, by promoting the socio-religious integration of the enslaved into the Catholic community, the missionary enterprise played a decisive role in shaping the nature of slavery in the French Caribbean. The principle of spiritual equality among Christians which underpins evangelization was nonetheless profoundly at odds with the establishment and consolidation of racial slavery.Structured along three lines of inquiry, this dissertation first traces the complex construction of colonial Catholic slave societies. The study of the interactions between the various actors involved in christianizing the enslaved population then serves to demonstrate that missionaries and laypersons alike contributed to the perpetuation of the slave and racial order. Finally, while scholars tend to depict Catholicism as fostering the integration of the enslaved within slave societies, this research instead highlights the logics of exclusion that are at play within the Church itself. Characterized by patterns of rejection, relegation, and segregation, these dynamics led to the social and spiritual marginalization of the enslaved and, more broadly, of non-white Christians. This social history of religion, carried out at both plantation and parish level, thus refines our understanding of the chronology and mechanisms of the racialization process in the French Caribbean
Ferdinand, Malcom. "Penser, l'écologie depuis le monde caribéen : Enjeux politiques et philosophiques de conflits écologiques (Martinique, Guadeloupe, Haïti, Porto Rico)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/FERDINAND_Malcom_1_va_20160930.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHow can we conceptualize ecological issues from the Caribbean world? What are the specificities of an ecological thought from the postcolonial societies of the Caribbean? This thesis tackles these questions with an interdisciplinary approach. It starts with an historical investigation on the foundation of the colonial Caribbean world and its relations to humans and non-humans. It follows with a sociological study of contemporary ecological conflicts in the Caribbean. This includes an in-depth study of the political and philosophical issues of the contamination of Martinique and Guadeloupe with pesticides used in banana plantations, such as chlordecone. The analysis of the critical discourses and the collective mobilizations shows an ecological thought that challenges the colonial constitution of the Caribbean world: a decolonial ecology. Besides, a focus is put on certain ecological policies that exacerbate political discriminations and social inequalities, as in the case of certain reforestation projects in Haiti, or the Wildlife Refuge of Vieques in Puerto Rico. Finally, a literary study reveals how a global ecological discourse encounters an imaginary of slavery and its main figures, such as the slave ship and the Maroon, that structure relations to the land, to nature and to the world. These three approaches draw the main characteristics of a Caribbean ecology that strives to inhabit the earth and to found a world. These experiences enabled me to propose an ecological thought that has the world as the horizon: a world-ecology
Roux, Benoît. "Kalínago. Français et amérindiens dans les Petites Antilles au XVIIe siècle." Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIML005.
Повний текст джерелаIn the stories of European expansion, many ethnonyms are synonymous with barbarism (as opposed to civilization) or with the failure of the colonial empire. These “exotic” demonyms became the symbols of the resistance of the natives against any attempt of conquest. “Caraïbes” (Caribs) is one of the names which became legendary as soon as it appeared in the European chronicles. But beyond the inherited and agreed discourses, what do we know about these Caribs, their logics, their practices, their social representations, or their relations with the French settlers during the seventeenth century? It must be acknowledged we know next to nothing about these Indians, despite the historiographical revival in the field of colonial history over the last decades. The Caribs have only been touched upon in monographs concerned with such or such island, or in books focusing on archaeological occupation of the archipelago. On the basis of these observations, this doctoral thesis explores the history of the cohabitation between the French and the Caribs in the seventeenth century. It also attempts to open up stories which have generally been studied separately although they all belong to the same scientific field. Such project, at the intersection of colonial and native history, will therefore take into account archaeological and ethnological research in order to avoid the pitfalls of story-telling. As a consequence, the circulation and exchanges between Amerindians, Europeans and Africans, in which the human factor prevailed, will be an essential field of investigation
Corio, Alessandro. "« Du cri à la parole » : subalternità, comunità e scrittura nelle letterature francofone dei Caraibi." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA1042.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis wants to apply some specific themes and theories produced by poststructuralist and postcolonial philosophies to the Francophone Caribbean literary field. Overall, this work is structured into three parts: the first one is a wide exploration of poststructuralist and postcolonial theory, focussing on the questions of the subaltern’s “capture of speech”, the relation between language and community and the deconstruction of essentialist thought and dialectic historicism, which are at the basis of the material and epistemic violence of colonialism. The second part consists in a comparative analysis of Édouard Glissant’s theoretical works, in relation with postcolonial theory and with Jean-Luc Nancy’s philosophical thought about community. Finally, the third part presents a textual analysis of some novels by Édouard Glissant, Patrick Chamoiseau and Maryse Condé, in relations to the theoretical matters analysed in the first two sections. We take into account the three author’s reactions to the linguistic alienation and their different tactics of resistance by means of language; their representation of the relations between myth and community; the subaltern’s silence inside History and the possibilities -impossibilities of his/her literary representation. We also consider the different modalities, the stylistic and the narrative ones, for representing community and its relation with writing itself, as well as the multiple visions of the community and the subaltern that emerge from the novels
Bonnefoy, Baptiste Paul. "Enchevêtrement des appartenances et constructions impériales : miliciens de couleur dans les villes espagnoles, françaises et britanniques de la Caraïbe (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0147.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis in social history aims to reconsider the social interactions in the early modern Caribbean cities by relying on a transimpérial and multi-site approach. This research is at the intersection of three urban observatories: the colonial militia, the “second elites”, and the “coloured” people. Each of these observatories allows to think the colonial city as a place which gathers several “spaces of belonging”: militia units, guilds, parishes, brotherhoods. This centrality accentuates collective control and contradictory allegiances. At the same time, and to a certain extent defined both by social positions and local context, these many languages of belonging are also a resource that allows actors to manipulate social norms and classifications.The multi-site approach highlights the specificity of each context, as well as the imperial or global implications of local colonial experiences. By asking the question of belonging, this thesis evaluates the role of local actors and contexts in the forming of empires and perpetuation of colonial order. The Caribbean is a fertile ground to analyse and compare these mechanisms, given that it is a war area which connects fragmented, scattered and instable sovereignties.Despite the specificities of each context, all Caribbean urban areas share more or less “colourized” ways of saying hierarchies and social positions. This process of “colourization” shows the transimperial circulation of many categories of practice. However, these categories are locally selected and appropriated. This thesis focuses on the local implications of these circulations, which do not homogenize the Caribbean and often generate misunderstandings, refusals or tensions in their context of reception. Finally, this thesis shows that the “color” of individuals, constructed in situ and constantly renegotiated, constitutes a discursive resource that conceals complex mechanisms of social and political domination, together with violent power relations that can vary considerably from one city to another, and from one “space of belonging” to another
En esta tesis de historia moderna se analizan las interacciones sociales en las ciudades del Caribe a través de un enfoque transimperial y multisituado. Nuestro trabajo se sitúa al cruce de tres ópticas urbanas: las milicias coloniales, les élites segundas y la gente de “color”. A partir de estos puntos de observación podemos analizar la ciudad colonial como el lugar que centraliza múltiples marcadores y espacios de pertenencia social: milicias, profesiones, parroquias, hermandades. Esta centralización urbana refuerza el control colectivo y multiplica las filiaciones incompatibles. Dentro de unos ciertos límites definidos a través de las posiciones relativas de los individuos y del contexto local, la pluralidad de marcadores de pertenencia social constituye a su vez un conjunto de recursos que pueden ser utilizados para manipular las normas y las clasificaciones sociales. El enfoque multisituado da cuenta a la vez de las especificidades de los contextos locales y de las implicaciones imperiales o globales de las formas locales de la experiencia colonial. Interrogar los espacios de pertenencia social implica evaluar el papel de los individuas y de los contextos locales en la formación de las construcciones imperiales y en la perpetuación del orden colonial. El espacio Caribe, espacio de guerra, constituye el terreno ideal para el análisis y la comparación de estos mecanismos, puesto que permite observar territorios imperiales discontinuos, dispersos y precarios. A pesar de las especificidades de cada contexto, los espacio urbanos del Caribe comparten, en mayor o menor medida, procesos de “coloración” en cuanto a las maneras de expresar las jerarquías y las posiciones sociales. Esta “coloración” revela un amplio espacio transimperial de circulación de las categorías prácticas. Categorías a su vez seleccionadas y reapropiadas localmente. Así, esta tesis explora las implicaciones locales de estas circulaciones, que no suponen una homogeneización de los territorios del Caribe, y que a menudo provocan malentendidos o coyunturas de tensión en los contextos de recepción. Por último, esta tesis demuestra que el color de los individuos, construido in situ y renegociado en permanencia, constituye un recurso discursivo que disimula mecanismos complejos de dominación social y política, además de relaciones violentas de poder que pueden variar considerablemente de une ciudad a otra, y de un espacio de pertenencia social a otro
Ernatus, Hélène. "Performance des entreprises dans une petite économie insulaire de la Caraïbe : Le cas de la Guadeloupe." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00422557.
Повний текст джерелаLa thèse examine les comportements stratégiques des entreprises situées sur un petit territoire insulaire, pour répondre aux contraintes liées à leur situation insulaire et aux défis engendrés par les modifications de l'environnement socioéconomique.
Ces entreprises tirent parti des ressources créées par les politiques publiques mises en place par des Etats à économie développée, mais doivent pouvoir aussi surmonter des difficultés supplémentaires créées par leur situation paradoxale.
Nous nous inspirons des concepts de l'Economie Industrielle pour montrer l'existence, pour les entreprises les plus exposées à la pression concurrentielle externe, d'un étroit sentier stratégique fondé sur la recherche de la différenciation de leurs produits. Mais les entreprises les moins exposées peuvent aussi développer des stratégies qui peuvent aller à l'encontre de l'optimum social cher aux économistes néoclassiques.
Périna, Mickaëlla. "Des societes post-esclavagistes ou le vouloir-vivre face a la pesanteur d'une "histoire non-histoire". Enquete sur le vecu du droit dans la caraibe francophone." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20017.
Повний текст джерелаHow to understand the obvious incapacity of the post-slavary society to become democratic ? how to perceive the afirmation at individual awareness, fondamental condition of every socio-etatic construction, when it finds its origin in a relationship from master to slave ? these are the questions on which this thesis is organised. From this point of view, the first part reports on the social and political experiences of the haitien republic and the current french departments in the caribbean, which set up the illustration of the difficulties the democracy has to emerge, but also an ambiguity in the representation of their identity, their citizenship. Obvious complexities which remain, in the second and third parts, where are respectively questioned the partisan system - revealing of the social practices and personal liberties - and the electoral dynamic. The fourth part wonders about the ideological ant theoretical elements that influenced those societies in order to product some forms of alienation. The fifth parts considers the terms and conditions of a possible freedom at the same time individual and collective
Dintimille, Marie-Catherine. "Le régime juridique communautaire de soutien de l'agriculture des départements français d'outre-mer." Antilles-Guyane, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AGUY0112.
Повний текст джерелаThe Community regulations on the agricultural support of the French Overseas Departments has its legal origins from ex-article 227 (2) of the E(E)C Treaty, as set down by the Hansen decision of the European Court of Justice of October 10th 1978 and which became following the revision of 2nd October 1997 of the Treaty of Rome, article 299 (2) of the EC Treaty. Guadeloupe, Guyane, Martinique and Reunion are integrated within the Community in a realistic manner, where the Community legislator takes into account the handicaps which are characteristic of these regions called the outermost regions. The agricultural producers from these regions not only benefit from the common support measures of the Common Agricultural Policy but also from the differentiating measures. These measures concern a CAP more adapted to the DOM, and which added on to the former enable a real continuity of the objective of providing an equitable standard of living for the agricultural population of these departments. Nevertheless, the support regulations subject to or are susceptible to be subject to modifications, which could go against the interest of the overseas producers. This is due to the international engagements of the Community on the one hand and to purely Community decisions on the other hand which question or could question the exercise of the objective of Article 33 (1) b) of the Treaty
Buchet, Christian. "La lutte pour l’espace caraïbe et la façade atlantique de l’Amérique centrale et du sud entre 1672 et 1763." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040097.
Повний текст джерелаThe following study on geo-strategic expeditions falls into two parts: the first one deals with the tactics and strategies used by the various protagonists mainly England and France. In this part, we have a chronological presentation of each of the expeditions and an analysis of the factors leading to the success or the failure of each of them (14 chapters ). As to the second part it deals with three aspects which, according to the first analysis, seem to have played a most deciding role: *the characteristics of the war ships that were sent in order to gauge their effects according to the results previously obtained ( 2 chapters ) *the sanitary problems (2 chapters). (The first chapter quantifies from the ships muster and pay books the losses of two squadrons. The second chapter analyses the factors conditioning losses in the sanitary field). *the logistics of the supplies (9 chapters - England and France)
Mary, Sylvain. "Les Antilles, de la colonie au département. Enjeux, stratégies et échelles de l’action de l’État (1944-début des années 1980)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL158.
Повний текст джерелаThis PHD analyzes the consequences of the transformation of the French West Indies colonies into “departements”. It is focused on political history and centered on the functioning of the State Administration from a wide and cross-cultural point of view, taking into account the interactions between the State Administration and local players. This PHD is at the crossroads of many historiographic fields such as Colonial History or Cold War History. The originality of this PHD lies in the various scales that it encompasses, making it possible to compare local, regional and world issues over forty years, between the end of War World II and the beginning of the decentralization process in France. The purpose of this PHD is to assess the set of internal and external factors inside the State Administration which have an influence on the chronology of the “departementalization” process. It is also to typify the management of overseas French West Indies initiated by the French state
Mary, Sylvain. "Les Antilles, de la colonie au département. Enjeux, stratégies et échelles de l’action de l’État (1944-début des années 1980)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL158.
Повний текст джерелаThis PHD analyzes the consequences of the transformation of the French West Indies colonies into “departements”. It is focused on political history and centered on the functioning of the State Administration from a wide and cross-cultural point of view, taking into account the interactions between the State Administration and local players. This PHD is at the crossroads of many historiographic fields such as Colonial History or Cold War History. The originality of this PHD lies in the various scales that it encompasses, making it possible to compare local, regional and world issues over forty years, between the end of War World II and the beginning of the decentralization process in France. The purpose of this PHD is to assess the set of internal and external factors inside the State Administration which have an influence on the chronology of the “departementalization” process. It is also to typify the management of overseas French West Indies initiated by the French state
Cambrone-Lasnes, Stella. "Pratiques et représentations sociales des langues en contexte scolaire plurilingue : étude comparée de la Dominique et de Sainte-Lucie." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083828.
Повний текст джерела« Social language practices and attitudes in multilingual school context. Compared study of Dominica and Saint-Lucia » is the result of a sociolinguistic research with didactic and pedagogical perspectives. This study analyses the linguistic situation of these regions such as they appeared to us at the end of three years of surveys conducted with school actors. Our analysis, by means of audiovisual recordings of classes of French as a foreign language, questionnaires, semi-structured interviews addressed to pupils, teachers, parents and institutional representatives, takes place at a significant time when the status of English, Creole and French is the subject of much debate. This study aims to provide some guidelines for the development of a rational multilingual educational policy, suitable for these developing countries
Brial, Fabien. "Décentralisation territoriale et coopération internationale : le cas de l'Outre-mer français." La Réunion, 1996. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/96_d001_Brial.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe legal organization of the colonies and of the territorial communities has always implied exceptional arrangement compared to the one established in the home country. Within the context of territorial decentralization, these lands were granted of specific attributions, specially as regards international cooperation wich is much larger than their national equivalent's one. The European community made of these French territories from the Atlantic ocean, the Indian ocean and the pacific ocean specific partners of the European policy of cooperation. Nowdays, some of them turned into real actors of the international relationships. The theorical upholding of the state control whose lack has been revealed by its activity, allow them to develop decentralized procedures of international cooperation which are outside the frame previously forseen. Thesde actions redefine the position of France in some regions; nevertheless, they can disturb the French diplomatic policy. In spite of the Unitarian characteristics of the state, the international activity of overseas communities is more important than other French state entities, even federated states. In a resetting world and in a building Europe, international decentralized French overseas cooperation weakens from inside the attributions of the state and its international role, be that wanted or deplored
Milia-Marie-Luce, Monique. "De l'Outre-mer au continent : étude comparée de l'émigration puertoricaine et antillo-guyanaise de l'après Guerre aux années 1960." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0072.
Повний текст джерелаThe migration from Puerto Rico to the United States, the French West Indies and French Guyana to France after the Second World War, form an event in the History of these territories and their old mother countries. Indeed these migrations are distinguished by their nature, massive and incessant. One part of the migratory movements is taken of charge by organisms. The BUMIDOM for the French West Indian and Guyanese, the Migration Division for the Puerto Ricans, are some agencies created by the French and the Puerto Rican governments. They are taked charge of the guide and the supervision of the migratory flow. They provide contracts and employments in different economic sectors. These agencies are important. First, they reveal by the similarity in their function, the different exchanges on the Caribbean territories belonging to the United Kingdom, the United States, France and the Netherlands, through the Caribbean Commission. Secondly, they contributed to the permanent settlement of a Puerto Rican community in the United States, and a French West Indian and Guyanese community in France. This settlement not have been done without shock. If the Puerto Rican, the French West Indian and Guyanese got the citizenship of the host society, they know some discrimination and are excluded of the economic, social and politic life. This is here the ambiguity between their juridical status and their social condition
Decouvelaere, Stéphanie Françoise. "L'illusoire " meilleure chance " : Le travailleur immigré dans la fiction maghrébine en langue française et dans la fiction caribéenne en langue anglaise, 1948-1979." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00762166.
Повний текст джерелаHaidar, Mohammad. "La France face aux enjeux de l'Amérique du nord et des Antilles : 1700-1763." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070027.
Повний текст джерелаDuring the period 1700-1763 marked by three major wars: the War of Spanish Succession, the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years War, France was faced with multiple and uneven challenges in different geographical areas: in Europe, in the colonies of North America and Caribbean archipelago with great maritime challenges. France does not give equal priority to each one of these three challenges that were different natures: political, economic, maritime, military, geopolitical, geostrategic and diplomatic. The importance of each one challenge for the French depended of the situation of France in Europe and the situation of French navy against the British navy. Through the period mentioned, European challenges occupied the first degree of importance because France was to preserve its dominance in Europe and achieve its political projects at the expense of its rivals. However, the degree of importance of the challenges depended of maritime and colonial power relations between France and England, British naval supremacy and the importance of European challenges for France caused a dramatic effect on the colonies that were often abandoned or neglected. Stop the British supremacy at sea was the second priority for France. Without stop the British supremacy at sea, it was not possible for France to resist the British ambitions in North America, it led to significant losses for colonial France
Gaze, Laetitia. "Le préverbe i en créole réunionnais : étude de syntaxe comparée." Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LARE0007/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is part of the field of classical linguistics. It deals with the study of the syntactic functioning of the preverb i in Reunion creole. A precise inventory of its uses from a descriptive point of view is made in order to determine its conditions of appearance and the conditions in which it does not appear. Two major categories of hypotheses are confronted: seamantic-based hypotheses and purely syntactical hypotheses. This is to demonstrate the merits of the second approach and the weak points of the first. Already published theories on the problem of i are examined. To better understand the value of Reunionese i, a comparaison of the structures of French-based creole languages is carried out: Reunion creole which is at the forefront of our reseach; Mauritian and Seychellois Creoles in Indian ocean region and Martinican, Guadeloupe and Haitian creoles of the Atlantic ocean region
Decouvelaere, Stéphanie Françoise. "L'illusoire « meilleure chance » : Le travailleur immigré dans la fiction maghrébine en langue française et dans la fiction caribéenne en langue anglaise, 1948-1979." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030059/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis examines the literary representation of migration from a colony to the imperial metropolis in the period of decolonisation through a comparative analysis of novels by Anglophone Caribbean and Francophone Maghribi writers about migration to Britain and France respectively. A major point of convergence is the focus on the relationship of domination. Lamming, Chraïbi and Kateb address this explicitly as a colonial relationship that is psychological and cultural as well as economic, whereas the 1970s writers Boudjedra and Ben Jelloun place both immigration and colonisation within a wider framework of capitalist exploitation. The difficult material conditions and the racism targeting immigrants are not depicted for their own sake but are the occasion of a wide-ranging critique of European modernity. Maghribi writers attack the rationality of Western civilisation as oppressive, whereas the Caribbean novelists focus on the colonial roots of attitudes to non-Europeans. Both sets of writers nonetheless provide responses to European colonialist discourse and to the positive self-presentation of the coloniser through the manipulation of narrative point of view and voice and through the theme of mental breakdown. Most of the novelists set out to refute negative representations of immigrants by restoring aspects they feel are neglected, in particular the emotional dimension of the immigrant experience and the colonial determinants of the relationship between immigrants and natives. In doing so their representations of immigration often conform to the immigrant figure underpinning the discourses they attack. Their preoccupations are distinct from those of later writers and recent discourses about Caribbean and Maghribi populations in Britain and France : with the exception of Selvon and, more ambiguously, Mengouchi and Ramdane, the novelists are not interested in the process of formation of ethnic-diasporic minorities in France and Britain
Boisnoir, Aurélie. "Les dinoflagellés benthiques de Guadeloupe et Martinique : distribution et rôle trophique pour la méiofaune." Thesis, Antilles, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANTI0246.
Повний текст джерелаThe distribution of benthic toxiï rlinofüeefü1tes is 1111known in (Juadeloupe and Martinique even if at theCaribbean basin spatial scale, those microalgae are responsible for serious poisoning such as ciguatera.During this thesis, the ecology of benthic toxic dinoflagellates μreseul was sLudieJ using: spatio-temporalstudies (Chapters 1, 2, 3) and a trophic ecology approach (Chapter 4).First, 27 sites were explored to describe the spatial distribution of benthic dinoflagellatf's prPsf'nt inGuadeloupe and Martinique (Chapter 1). Only the most abundant macrophytes (biological substrates ofbenthic dinoflagellates) at the different sites were considered. ln this study, 161 samples were analyzed and 7times more taxie benthic dinoflagellates were found in Guadeloupe than in Martinique. The genus Ostreopsisdominated the benthic dinoflagellate community in both islands, although this trend has only rarely beenfound in the Caribbean basin.Then, 3 sites per department were chosen in order to set up a monthly monitoring of benthicdinoflagellates abundances duringl8 months (Chapter 2). The sites selected i) had a high abundance ofbenthic toxic dinoflagellates and ii) were identified as potentially dangerous by the Agence Régionale de laSanté. During this study, 927 samples of macrophytes were analyzed and 5 times more benthic toxicdinoflagellates were found in Guadeloupe than in Martinique. Ostreopsis and Prorocentrum genera dominatedrespectively in Guadeloupe and in Martinique. Two times more Gambierdiscus were found in Martinique thanin Guadeloupe even if Guadeloupe is located in the high prevalence area and this genus being responsible forciguatera. This result suggested that species with different toxicities structured the benthic toxicdinoflagellates community in this area. The abundances of benthic dinoflagellates were little influenced byabiotic parameters (temperature and salinity) but structured by biotic parameters (host macrophytes).Halophila stipulacea an invasive angiosperm in the Lesser Antilles has been identified as promoting thedevelopment of the genus Gambierdiscus.. The distribution of benthic toxic dinoflagellates was also studied according to the depth at 2 sites inGuadeloupe during the dry and the wet seasons (Chapter 3). ln order to avoid bias due to the presence ofdifferent macrophytes, this experiment was conducted only on H. stipulacea constituting mono-specificmeadows along a strong depth gradient. ln this study, the Ostreopsis and Prorocentrum genera were the mostabundant. No influence of the depth was found on total abundance of benthic dinoflagellates; however,Ostreopsis and Gambierdiscus genera were mainly abundant near the surface while the genus Coolia was presentdeeper.The trophic ecology approach focused on the trophic link between taxie benthic dinoflagellates andmeiofauna (Chapter 4). Transfers within the food webs of phycotoxins synthesized by benthic dinoflagellatesare mainly studied in large organisms neglecting smaller ones in direct contact with microalgae. Thisexperimental study, by labeling the microalgae with stable isotopes, focused on harpacticoides copepod andmeasured for the first time their ingestion rates of Amphidinium sp. and Ostreopsis sp.. This studydemonstrated that meiofauna organisms can constitute an input channel of phycotoxins from benthicdinoflagellates in food webs
Pierre, Emeline. "Le polar de la Caraïbe francophone : enjeux de l’appropriation du genre." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16018.
Повний текст джерелаAlthough long looked down on and given short shrift by the literary establishment, the detective novel now enjoys legitimacy. Yet a survey of such books published in the French-speaking Caribbean (Haiti, Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique) indicates that this genre remains marginalized there. Be that as it may, the 1990’s ushered in a publishing surge on detective novels. While this attests to the genre’s acculturation, it nevertheless raises questions about which, if any, characteristics distinguish the Caribbean, francophone detective novel. Does it fit mould, or conversely seek to establish distance between itself and the norm? To answer such questions this thesis will explore the dynamics of appropriating the detective novel in said geocultural space. And in-depth study of fourteen novels in light of the poetics of genres, sociocriticism, and intermediality, forms the body of this thesis. Its first chapter sets out a brief overview so as to contextualize these fourteen novels within the literary history of this genre, while at the same time highlighting the detective novel’s adaptation to the French-speaking Caribbean. This overview demonstrates that a significant number of writers pay heed to the magic and sorcery implied in their society so that they incorporate the supernatural, whereas the standard detective novel overwhelmingly adopts the logico-detective mindset. This explains why the second chapter addresses the use of the inscrutable and its relationship to Cartesianism. Meantime, the third chapter focuses on a topos of the genre, namely violence, with its commemorative and recurring manifestations in the Caribbean’s tumultuous history. Regardless of its immediate cause, the fourteen novels tend to conceive crime as linked to postcolonial history. Those characters who prove key to the genre make up the fourth chapter which examines them from the perspective of the social critique the articulate and personify. The final chapter endeavours to delineate the intermediality that structures the detective novel and has constituted its touchtone from the start. In short, the different avenues of inquiry enable one to grasp the confrontation between this genre’s traditional canon and its creative variants. This contributes to a better understanding of the phenomenon of transposing the detective novel to this region of the world.
Pigeon, Julie. "L'ombre des lumières chez Alejo Carpentier : étude narratologique de la métaphore lumineuse dans Le siècle des lumières (1962)." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3872/1/M11911.pdf.
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